Several hundred thousands of New Yorkers were not counted in the 2000 Census. Given that the federal government spends nearly $2,000 a year per New York resident in federal program funding, New York lost close to $400 million dollars a year and about $4 billion dollars over the last ten years. This shortfall could have been used to improve education, health care, emergency services - even public transportation - in underserved communities across the Empire State.