S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________

                                  5785

                       2009-2010 Regular Sessions

                          I N  A S S E M B L Y

                            February 20, 2009
                               ___________

Introduced by M. of A. ENGLEBRIGHT, BENEDETTO, SWEENEY, BRADLEY, REILLY,
  FIELDS,  DESTITO,  JACOBS, MAISEL, DelMONTE, J. RIVERA, MARKEY, GALEF,
  MILLMAN, KOON, CAHILL, GUNTHER, LUPARDO, CARROZZA, MAGNARELLI,  SCHIM-
  MINGER, ALFANO, ESPAILLAT, HOOPER, O'DONNELL, ROSENTHAL, BROOK-KRASNY,
  GORDON, STIRPE, SPANO, TITONE, ALESSI, JAFFEE, KAVANAGH -- Multi-Spon-
  sored  by  -- M. of A. BING, BOYLAND, BRENNAN, CALHOUN, COLTON, CONTE,
  COOK, EDDINGTON,  GIGLIO,  GOTTFRIED,  HYER-SPENCER,  JEFFRIES,  KOLB,
  LATIMER, P. LOPEZ, MAGEE, MAYERSOHN, McENENY, PAULIN, PHEFFER, WEISEN-
  BERG -- read once and referred to the Committee on Energy

AN  ACT  to amend the public service law and the public authorities law,
  in relation to net energy metering for solar, wind, fuel cell and farm
  waste electric generating systems; and to repeal section 66-l  of  the
  public  service  law  relating  to net energy metering for residential
  and/or farm service wind electric generating systems

  THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

  Section  1.  The  section heading and subdivisions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of
section 66-j of the public service law, the section heading,  paragraphs
(a),  (d)  and  (e) of subdivision 1, subdivision 2, paragraphs (a), (b)
and (c) of subdivision 3 and paragraphs (c) and (d) of subdivision 4  as
amended  by  chapter 452 of the laws of 2008, subdivisions 1, 3, 4 and 5
as amended by chapter 515 of the laws of 2002 and paragraph (b) and  the
opening  paragraph of paragraph (e) of subdivision 1 as amended by chap-
ter 480 of the laws of 2008, are amended to read as follows:
  Net energy metering for [residential] solar, WIND, FUEL CELL  OR  farm
waste  [or  non-residential solar] electric generating systems. 1. Defi-
nitions. As used in this section, the following  terms  shall  have  the
following meanings:
  (a)  "Customer-generator" means:   (i) [a residential] ANY customer of
an electric corporation, who owns or operates solar, WIND OR  FUEL  CELL
electric generating equipment, OR ANY HYBRID EQUIPMENT COMPOSED OF THESE

 EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                      [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                           LBD09113-01-9
              

A. 5785                             2

THREE  TECHNOLOGIES located and used at his or her [residence] PREMISES;
AND (ii) a customer of an electric corporation,  who  owns  or  operates
farm  waste electric generating equipment located and used at his or her
"farm  operation,"  as  such  term  is  defined in subdivision eleven of
section three hundred one of the agriculture and markets law[; and (iii)
a non-residential customer of an  electric  corporation  which  owns  or
operates  solar  electric  generating  equipment located and used at its
premises].
  (b) "Net energy meter" means a meter that measures the reverse flow of
electricity to register the difference between the electricity  supplied
by an electric corporation to the customer-generator and the electricity
provided to the corporation by that customer-generator.
  (c) "Net energy metering" means the use of a net energy meter to meas-
ure,  during  the billing period applicable to a customer-generator, the
net amount of  electricity  supplied  by  an  electric  corporation  and
provided to the corporation by a customer-generator.
  (d)  "Solar electric generating equipment" means a photovoltaic system
[(i) (A) in the case of a residential customer,] with a  rated  capacity
of  not  more than [twenty-five] TWO THOUSAND kilowatts[; and (B) in the
case of a non-residential customer, with a rated capacity  of  not  more
than  the  lesser of two thousand kilowatts or such customer's peak load
as measured over the prior twelve month period, or in the case that such
twelve month period of measurement is not available, then as  determined
by  the  commission  based on its analysis of comparable facilities; and
(ii)] that is manufactured, installed, and operated in  accordance  with
applicable  government  and industry standards, that is connected to the
electric system and operated in [conjunction] PARALLEL with an  electric
corporation's  transmission  and  distribution  facilities,  and that is
operated in compliance with any standards and  requirements  established
under this section.
  (e)  "Farm  waste  electric generating equipment" means equipment that
generates  electric  energy  from  biogas  produced  by  the   anaerobic
digestion  of  agricultural  waste,  such  as  livestock manure, farming
wastes and food processing wastes with a rated capacity of not more than
[five hundred] TWO THOUSAND kilowatts, that is:
  i. manufactured, installed, and operated in accordance with applicable
government and industry standards;
  ii. connected to the electric system and operated in conjunction  with
an electric corporation's transmission and distribution facilities;
  iii. operated in compliance with any standards and requirements estab-
lished under this section;
  iv. fueled at a minimum of ninety percent on an annual basis by biogas
produced  from  the  anaerobic  digestion  of agricultural waste such as
livestock manure materials, crop residues, and  food  processing  waste;
and
  v.  fueled  by  biogas  generated by anaerobic digestion with at least
fifty percent by weight of its feedstock being livestock manure  materi-
als on an annual basis.
  (F)  "WIND  ELECTRIC  GENERATING  EQUIPMENT" MEANS A WIND GENERATOR OR
GENERATORS WITH A COMBINED RATED CAPACITY OF NOT MORE THAN TWO  THOUSAND
KILOWATTS  THAT  IS  MANUFACTURED,  INSTALLED AND OPERATED IN ACCORDANCE
WITH APPLICABLE GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY STANDARDS, THAT IS CONNECTED  TO
THE  ELECTRIC  SYSTEM  AND  OPERATED IN PARALLEL WITH AN ELECTRIC CORPO-
RATION'S TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES, AND THAT IS  OPERATED
IN COMPLIANCE WITH ANY STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS ESTABLISHED UNDER THIS
SECTION.

A. 5785                             3

  (G)  "FUEL  CELL  ELECTRIC  GENERATING EQUIPMENT" MEANS A SOLID OXIDE,
MOLTEN CARBONATE, PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE OR PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL  CELL
WITH  A  COMBINED RATED CAPACITY OF NOT MORE THAN TWO THOUSAND KILOWATTS
THAT IS MANUFACTURED, INSTALLED AND OPERATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICA-
BLE GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY STANDARDS, THAT IS CONNECTED TO THE ELECTRIC
SYSTEM  AND  OPERATED  IN PARALLEL WITH AN ELECTRIC CORPORATION'S TRANS-
MISSION AND DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES, AND THAT IS OPERATED IN  COMPLIANCE
WITH ANY STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS ESTABLISHED UNDER THIS SECTION.
  (H)  "ELECTRIC CORPORATION" MEANS ANY PUBLIC OR PRIVATELY OWNED ENTITY
THAT OFFERS RETAIL ELECTRICAL SERVICE TO END-USE ELECTRIC CONSUMERS.
  (I) "ELIGIBLE TECHNOLOGIES" MEANS THE SOLAR, WIND, FUEL CELL  OR  FARM
WASTE ELECTRIC GENERATING EQUIPMENT.
  2.  Interconnection  and  net energy metering. An electric corporation
shall provide for the interconnection of [solar and farm waste  electric
generating  equipment]  ELIGIBLE  TECHNOLOGIES  owned  or  operated by a
customer-generator and  for  net  energy  metering,  provided  that  the
customer-generator  enters  into a net energy metering contract with the
corporation or complies with the corporation's net energy metering sche-
dule and complies with standards and requirements established under this
section.
  3. Conditions of service. (a) [(i)] On or before  three  months  after
the  effective  date  of  this  section, each electric corporation shall
develop a model contract and file a schedule that establishes consistent
and reasonable rates, terms and conditions for net  energy  metering  to
customer-generators,  according to the requirements of this section. The
commission shall render a decision within three months from the date  on
which the schedule is filed.
  [(ii)  On  or  before  three  months  after the effective date of this
subparagraph, each electric corporation shall develop a  model  contract
and  file  a  schedule that establishes consistent and reasonable rates,
terms and conditions for net energy metering to non-residential customer
generators, according to the requirements of this section.  The  commis-
sion  shall  render  a decision within three months of the date on which
the schedule is filed.
  (iii) Each electric corporation shall make such contract and  schedule
available  to  customer-generators  on a first come, first served basis,
until the total rated generating capacity for solar and farm waste elec-
tric generating equipment owned or operated  by  customer-generators  in
the  corporation's  service  area  is  equivalent  to one percent of the
corporation's electric demand for the year two thousand five, as  deter-
mined by the department.]
  (b)  [Nothing  in  this  subdivision shall prohibit a corporation from
providing net energy metering  to  additional  customer-generators.  The
commission  shall  have the authority, after January first, two thousand
twelve, to increase the percent limits if it determines that  additional
net energy metering is in the public interest.
  (c)  In  the event that the electric corporation determines that it is
necessary to install a dedicated transformer or transformers,  or  other
equipment  to  protect  the  safety  and  adequacy  of  electric service
provided to other customers, a customer-generator shall pay the electric
corporation's actual costs of installing the  transformer  or  transfor-
mers, or other equipment:
  (i)  In  the  case  of a customer-generator who owns or operates solar
electric generating equipment located and used at his or her  residence;
up to a maximum amount of three hundred fifty dollars.

A. 5785                             4

  (ii)  In  the  case  of a customer-generator who owns or operates farm
waste electric generating equipment located and used at his or her "farm
operation," up to a total amount of  five  thousand  dollars  per  "farm
operation".
  (iii)  In the case of a non-residential customer-generator who owns or
operates solar electric generating equipment located  and  used  at  its
premises, such cost shall be as determined by the department pursuant to
standards established thereby.
  (d)]  An  electric  corporation  shall  impose no other charge or fee,
including, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, back-up, stand by and demand charges, for
the provision of net energy metering to a customer-generator, except  as
provided in paragraph (d) of subdivision four of this section.
  4.  Rates.  An  electric  corporation shall use net energy metering to
measure and charge for the net electricity supplied by  the  corporation
and  provided  to  the corporation by a customer-generator, according to
these requirements:
  (a) In the event that the amount of electricity supplied by the corpo-
ration during the billing  period  exceeds  the  amount  of  electricity
provided  by  a  customer-generator,  the  corporation  shall charge the
customer-generator for the net electricity supplied at the same rate per
kilowatt hour applicable to service provided to other customers  in  the
same service class which do not generate electricity onsite.
  (b)  In the event that the amount of electricity produced by a custom-
er-generator during the billing period exceeds the amount of electricity
used by the customer-generator, the corporation shall apply a credit  to
the  next  bill  for service to the customer-generator for the net elec-
tricity provided at the  same  rate  per  kilowatt  hour  applicable  to
service  provided  to other customers in the same service class which do
not generate electricity onsite.
  (c) At the end of the year or annualized over the period that  service
is  supplied  by  means  of  net  energy metering, the corporation shall
promptly issue payment at its avoided cost to the customer-generator, as
defined in subparagraph (i) or (ii) of paragraph (a) of subdivision  one
of  this  section,  for the value of any remaining credit for the excess
electricity produced during the year or over the  annualized  period  by
the customer-generator.
  (d)  In  the event that the corporation imposes charges based on kilo-
watt demand on customers who are  in  the  same  service  class  as  the
customer-generator  but  which  do not generate electricity on site, the
corporation may impose the same charges at the same rates to the custom-
er-generator, provided, however,  that  the  kilowatt  demand  for  such
demand  charges  is  determined  by the maximum measured kilowatt demand
actually supplied by the corporation to  the  customer-generator  during
the billing period.
  (E)  NET  ENERGY  METERING  SHALL BE ACCOMPLISHED USING A SINGLE METER
CAPABLE OF REGISTERING THE FLOW OF ELECTRICITY  IN  TWO  DIRECTIONS.  AN
ADDITIONAL  METER  OR  METERS TO MONITOR THE FLOW OF ELECTRICITY IN EACH
DIRECTION  MAY BE INSTALLED WITH THE CONSENT OF THE  CUSTOMER-GENERATOR,
AT  THE EXPENSE OF THE ELECTRIC CORPORATION, AND THE ADDITIONAL METERING
SHALL BE USED ONLY TO PROVIDE THE INFORMATION  NECESSARY  TO  ACCURATELY
BILL  OR CREDIT THE CUSTOMER-GENERATOR PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH (F) OF THIS
SUBDIVISION, OR TO COLLECT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE INFORMATION ON THE  ELIGI-
BLE  TECHNOLOGY  FOR RESEARCH PURPOSES. IF THE EXISTING ELECTRICAL METER
OF AN ELIGIBLE CUSTOMER-GENERATOR IS NOT CAPABLE OF MEASURING  THE  FLOW
OF  ELECTRICITY  IN  TWO DIRECTIONS AND PROVIDED THE REASON THE METER IS
NOT CAPABLE OF MEASURING THE FLOW  IN  TWO  DIRECTIONS  IS  NOT  RELATED

A. 5785                             5

EITHER  TO  A  MECHANICAL DEVICE INSTALLED BY AN ELECTRIC CORPORATION OR
SUCH CORPORATION'S SELECTION OF A METER  WITHOUT  THIS  CAPABILITY  WHEN
OTHER  METERS  CAPABLE  OF  MEASURING  THE  FLOW  OF  ELECTRICITY IN TWO
DIRECTIONS WERE AVAILABLE TO THE ELECTRIC CORPORATION, THE CUSTOMER-GEN-
ERATOR  SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL EXPENSES INVOLVED IN PURCHASING AND
INSTALLING A METER THAT IS ABLE TO MEASURE THE FLOW  OF  ELECTRICITY  IN
TWO DIRECTIONS.  IF AN ADDITIONAL METER OR METERS ARE INSTALLED, THE NET
ENERGY  METERING CALCULATION SHALL YIELD A RESULT IDENTICAL TO THAT OF A
SINGLE METER.
  (F) EVERY ELECTRIC CORPORATION SHALL DEVELOP A  STANDARD  CONTRACT  OR
TARIFF  PROVIDING  FOR NET ENERGY METERING, AND SHALL MAKE THIS CONTRACT
AVAILABLE TO ELIGIBLE CUSTOMER-GENERATORS, UPON REQUEST. EVERY  ELECTRIC
CORPORATION  SHALL  ENSURE THAT REQUESTS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF NET ENERGY
METERING ARE PROCESSED IN A TIME PERIOD NOT EXCEEDING THAT FOR SIMILARLY
SITUATED CUSTOMERS REQUESTING NEW ELECTRIC SERVICE, BUT  NOT  TO  EXCEED
ONE  MONTH  FROM  THE DATE THE ELECTRIC CORPORATION RECEIVES A COMPLETED
APPLICATION FORM FROM AN ELIGIBLE  CUSTOMER-GENERATOR.  IF  AN  ELECTRIC
CORPORATION  IS UNABLE TO PROCESS THE REQUEST WITHIN THE ALLOWABLE TIME-
FRAME, THE ELECTRIC CORPORATION SHALL NOTIFY THE  CUSTOMER-GENERATOR  OF
THE  REASON  FOR  ITS  INABILITY TO PROCESS THE REQUEST AND THE DATE THE
REQUEST WILL BE COMPLETED. EVERY ELECTRIC  CORPORATION  SHALL  MAKE  ALL
NECESSARY  FORMS  AND  CONTRACTS  FOR  NET ENERGY METERING AVAILABLE FOR
DOWNLOAD FROM THE INTERNET.
  (G) EACH NET ENERGY METERING CONTRACT OR TARIFF  SHALL  BE  IDENTICAL,
WITH  RESPECT  TO  RATE  STRUCTURE,  ALL  RETAIL RATE COMPONENTS AND ANY
MONTHLY CHARGES, TO THE CONTRACT OR TARIFF TO WHICH  THE  SAME  CUSTOMER
WOULD  BE ASSIGNED IF SUCH CUSTOMER WAS NOT AN ELIGIBLE CUSTOMER-GENERA-
TOR, EXCEPT THAT ELIGIBLE  CUSTOMER-GENERATORS  SHALL  NOT  BE  ASSESSED
STANDBY   CHARGES   ON   THE   ELECTRICAL  GENERATING  CAPACITY  OR  THE
KILOWATT-HOUR PRODUCTION OF AN ELIGIBLE TECHNOLOGY. THE CHARGES FOR  ALL
RETAIL  RATE  COMPONENTS FOR ELIGIBLE CUSTOMER-GENERATORS SHALL BE BASED
EXCLUSIVELY ON THE CUSTOMER-GENERATOR'S  NET  KILOWATT-HOUR  CONSUMPTION
OVER  A  TWELVE MONTH PERIOD, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CUSTOMER-GENERATOR'S
CHOICE OF ELECTRIC CORPORATION. ANY NEW  OR  ADDITIONAL  DEMAND  CHARGE,
STANDBY CHARGE, CUSTOMER CHARGE, MINIMUM MONTHLY CHARGE, INTERCONNECTION
CHARGE    OR    OTHER   CHARGE   THAT   WOULD   INCREASE   AN   ELIGIBLE
CUSTOMER-GENERATOR'S COSTS BEYOND THOSE OF OTHER CUSTOMERS IN  THE  RATE
CLASS  TO  WHICH  THE  ELIGIBLE  CUSTOMER-GENERATOR  WOULD  OTHERWISE BE
ASSIGNED ARE CONTRARY TO THE INTENT OF THIS SECTION, AND SHALL NOT  FORM
A PART OF NET ENERGY METERING CONTRACTS OR TARIFFS.
  (H)  FOR ALL ELIGIBLE CUSTOMER-GENERATORS TAKING SERVICE UNDER TARIFFS
EMPLOYING "TIME OF USE" RATES, ANY NET MONTHLY CONSUMPTION OF  ELECTRIC-
ITY SHALL BE CALCULATED ACCORDING TO THE TERMS OF THE CONTRACT OR TARIFF
TO  WHICH  THE  SAME CUSTOMER WOULD BE ASSIGNED TO OR BE ELIGIBLE FOR IF
THE CUSTOMER WAS NOT AN ELIGIBLE  CUSTOMER-GENERATOR.  WHEN  THOSE  SAME
CUSTOMER-GENERATORS  ARE  NET GENERATORS DURING ANY DISCRETE TIME OF USE
PERIOD, THE NET KILOWATT-HOURS PRODUCED SHALL  BE  VALUED  AT  THE  SAME
PRICE  PER  KILOWATT-HOUR  AS  THE ELECTRIC CORPORATION WOULD CHARGE FOR
RETAIL KILOWATT-HOUR SALES DURING THAT SAME TIME OF USE PERIOD AND  THAT
VALUE  SHALL  BE  APPLIED AS A CREDIT TO ANY OF THE DISCRETE TIME OF USE
PERIODS UNDER THE TARIFF. IF THE ELIGIBLE CUSTOMER-GENERATOR'S  TIME  OF
USE ELECTRICAL METER IS UNABLE TO MEASURE THE FLOW OF ELECTRICITY IN TWO
DIRECTIONS,  THE  PROVISIONS  OF PARAGRAPH (D) OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL
APPLY.
  5. Safety standards. (a) On or before three months after the effective
date of [this section, each electric corporation shall establish  stand-

A. 5785                             6

ards  that are necessary for net energy metering and the interconnection
of residential solar or farm waste electric generating equipment to  its
system  and  that  the commission shall determine are necessary for safe
and  adequate  service  and  further the public policy set forth in this
section. Such standards may include but shall not be limited to:
  (i) equipment necessary to isolate automatically the residential solar
and farm waste generating system from the utility system for voltage and
frequency deviations; and
  (ii) a manual lockable disconnect switch provided by the customer-gen-
erator which shall be located on the outside of the customer's  premises
and  externally  accessible for the purpose of isolating the residential
solar and farm waste electric generating equipment.
  (b) Upon its own motion or upon a complaint, the  commission,  or  its
designated  representative,  may investigate and make a determination as
to the reasonableness and necessity of the standards  or  responsibility
for compliance with the standards.
  (i)  In  the  case  of a customer-generator who owns or operates solar
electric generating equipment located and used at his or her  residence;
an  electric  corporation may not require a customer-generator to comply
with additional safety or performance  standards,  perform  or  pay  for
additional  tests,  or  purchase additional liability insurance provided
that the residential solar or farm waste electric  generating  equipment
meets the safety standards established pursuant to this paragraph.
  (ii)  In  the  case  of a customer-generator who owns or operates farm
waste electric generating equipment located and used at his or her "farm
operation," an electric corporation may not require a customer-generator
to comply with additional safety or performance  standards,  perform  or
pay  for  additional  tests,  or purchase additional liability insurance
provided that:
  1. the electric generating equipment meets the safety standards estab-
lished pursuant to this paragraph; and
  2. the total rated generating capacity (measured in kW) of farm  waste
electric  generating equipment that provides electricity to the electric
corporation through the same local feeder line, does not  exceed  twenty
percent of the rated capacity of that local feeder line.
  (iii)  In  the  event that the total rated generating capacity of farm
waste electric generating equipment that  provides  electricity  to  the
electric  corporation  through the same local feeder line exceeds twenty
percent of the rated capacity of the local  feeder  line,  the  electric
corporation may require the customer-generator to comply with reasonable
measures  to  ensure safety of that local feeder line.] PARAGRAPH (B) OF
THIS SUBDIVISION, THE COMMISSION SHALL ESTABLISH STANDARDS FOR INTERCON-
NECTION OF GENERATORS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT APPLICABLE INDUSTRY STANDARDS
INCLUDING IEEE 1541, AND  BEST  PRACTICES  INCLUDED  IN  THE  INTERSTATE
RENEWABLE  ENERGY  COUNCIL'S  MODEL INTERCONNECTION RULES MR-12005. SUCH
STANDARDS SHALL NOT BE MORE RESTRICTIVE OF INTERCONNECTION  THAN  STAND-
ARDS  ESTABLISHED IN FERC ORDERS 2006 AND 2006A AS OF THE EFFECTIVE DATE
OF PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SUBDIVISION.
  (B) THE COMMISSION SHALL PROMULGATE REGULATIONS ENSURING THAT  SIMPLI-
FIED  CONTRACTS  WILL BE USED FOR THE INTERCONNECTION OF GENERATORS THAT
HAVE A PRODUCTION CAPACITY NOT  EXCEEDING  TWO  THOUSAND  KILOWATTS  AND
SHALL  CONSIDER  THE  BEST  PRACTICES  FOR  CONSUMER  FRIENDLY CONTRACTS
ADOPTED BY NATIONAL  ASSOCIATIONS  OF  STATE  UTILITY  REGULATORS.  SUCH
CONTRACTS  SHALL  NOT  REQUIRE LIABILITY OR OTHER INSURANCE IN EXCESS OF
WHAT IS TYPICALLY CARRIED BY CUSTOMER-GENERATORS FOR GENERAL LIABILITY.
  S 2. Section 66-l of the public service law is REPEALED.

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  S 3. Subdivision (h) of section 1020-g of the public authorities  law,
as  amended  by  chapter  452 of the laws of 2008, is amended to read as
follows:
  (h)  To  implement  programs  and policies designed to provide for the
interconnection of[: (i) (A)] solar, WIND, FUEL CELL OR FARM WASTE elec-
tric generating equipment owned or operated by  [residential  customers,
(B)  farm  waste  electric  generating  equipment  owned  or operated by
customer-generators, and (C) solar electric generating  equipment  owned
or  operated  by non-residential customers,] CUSTOMER-GENERATORS and for
net energy metering consistent with section sixty-six-j  of  the  public
service  law, AND to increase the efficiency of energy end use, to shift
demand from periods of high demand to  periods  of  low  demand  and  to
facilitate  the  development  of  cogeneration;  [and (ii) wind electric
generating equipment owned or operated by  customer-generators  and  for
net  energy  metering  consistent with section sixty-six-l of the public
service law.]
  S 4. This act shall take effect immediately.