Public Hearing - February 5, 2020

                                                                  1

 1   BEFORE THE NEW YORK STATE SENATE FINANCE
     AND ASSEMBLY WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEES
 2   ------------------------------------------------------

 3              JOINT LEGISLATIVE HEARING

 4                 In the Matter of the
                2020-2021 EXECUTIVE BUDGET
 5                      ON HOUSING

 6   ------------------------------------------------------

 7                              Hearing Room A
                                Legislative Office Building
 8                              Albany, New York

 9                              February 5, 2020
                                12:45 p.m.
10

11   PRESIDING:

12              Senator Liz Krueger
                Chair, Senate Finance Committee
13
             Assemblywoman Helene E. Weinstein
14           Chair, Assembly Ways & Means Committee

15   PRESENT:

16           Senator James L. Seward
             Senate Finance Committee (RM)
17
             Assemblyman Edward P. Ra
18           Assembly Ways & Means Committee (RM)

19           Assemblyman Steven Cymbrowitz
             Chair, Assembly Housing Committee
20
             Senator Brian Kavanagh
21           Chair, Senate Housing Committee

22           Senator Zellnor Myrie

23           Assemblywoman Carmen N. De La Rosa

24           Assemblyman Harvey Epstein
                                                     2

 1   2020-2021 Executive Budget
     Housing
 2   2-5-20

 3   PRESENT:    (Continued)

 4              Assemblyman Colin Schmitt

 5              Assemblyman Michael J. Fitzpatrick

 6              Senator Brad Hoylman

 7              Assemblyman Victor M. Pichardo

 8              Assemblyman Eric M. Dilan

 9              Senator Julia Salazar

10              Assemblyman Charles Barron

11              Senator John Liu

12              Assemblywoman Yuh-Line Niou

13              Senator Robert Jackson

14              Assemblyman Walter T. Mosley

15              Senator Brian A. Benjamin

16              Assemblywoman Latoya Joyner

17              Assemblyman William Colton

18              Senator Diane J. Savino

19              Assemblywoman Linda B. Rosenthal

20              Senator George M. Borrello

21              Assemblyman Mark Johns

22              Senator Todd Kaminsky

23              Assemblyman Michael Blake

24              Senator Gustavo Rivera
                                                    3

 1   2020-2021 Executive Budget
     Housing
 2   2-5-20

 3   PRESENT:    (Continued)

 4
                Assemblyman Michael Blake
 5
                Senator Jessica Ramos
 6
                Assemblywoman Diana C. Richardson
 7
                Assemblywoman Latrice Walker
 8
                Senator Jamaal T. Bailey
 9
                Assemblywoman Aravella Simotas
10
                Assemblyman Robert J. Rodriguez
11
                Assemblyman Kevin A. Cahill
12
                Assemblywoman Marjorie Byrnes
13
                Assemblyman Felix W. Ortiz
14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24
                                                                 4

 1   2020-2021 Executive Budget
     Housing
 2   2-5-20

 3                    LIST OF SPEAKERS

 4                                       STATEMENT   QUESTIONS

 5   RuthAnne Visnauskas
     Commissioner & CEO
 6   New York State Homes and
      Community Renewal                      11          17
 7
     Jolie Milstein
 8   President & CEO
     NYS Association for
 9    Affordable Housing
         -and-
10   Judi Kende
     VP and Market Leader
11   Lorraine Collins
     Director of Public Policy
12    and External Affairs
     Enterprise Community Partners           157        167
13
     Laura Mascuch
14   Executive Director
     Supportive Housing Network of NY
15       -and-
     Rachel Fee
16   Executive Director
     New York Housing Conference             183        192
17
     Mark Streb
18   Executive Director
     Neighborhood Preservation
19    Coalition of NYS
         -and-
20   Blair W. Sebastian
     Director
21   New York State Rural Advocates
        -and-
22   Jeff Keller
     Executive Director
23   Colin McKnight
     Deputy Director
24   New York State Rural
      Housing Coalition                      207        223
                                                              5

 1   2020-2021 Executive Budget
     Housing
 2   2-5-20

 3                    LIST OF SPEAKERS, Cont.

 4                                    STATEMENT   QUESTIONS

 5   Matthew Dunbar
     VP of External Affairs
 6   Habitat for Humanity NYC             228       233

 7   Emily Goldstein
     Director of Organizing
 8    and Advocacy
     Association for Neighborhood
 9    and Housing Development
         -and-
10   Christie Peale
     CEO & Executive Director
11   Center for NYC Neighborhoods         240       249

12   Michael McKee
     Treasurer
13   Tenants Political Action Committee
         -and-
14   Paulette Soltani
     Political Director
15   Felix Guzman
     Leader
16   VOCAL-NY                             262      276

17   Anita Long
     Volunteer Leader
18   Pablo Estupinan
     Deputy Director
19   Community Action for Safe
      Apartments (CASA)                   304      309
20
     Melissa Sklarz
21   Senior Government Affairs
      Strategist
22   SAGE
          -and-
23   Perry Junjulas
     Executive Director
24   Albany Damien Center                 318      327
                                                              6

 1   2020-2021 Executive Budget
     Housing
 2   2-5-20

 3                    LIST OF SPEAKERS, Cont.

 4                                    STATEMENT   QUESTIONS

 5   Oksana Mironova
     Housing Policy Analyst
 6   Community Service Society
      of New York
 7       -and-
     Adam Zaranko
 8   President
     New York Land Bank Association
 9       -and-
     Kirsten Keefe
10   Senior Staff Attorney
     Empire Justice Center            332         346
11
     Richard William Flores
12   Individual                       348

13   Zohran Kwame Mamdani
     Individual                       351
14
     Boris Santos
15   Member
     Housing Justice for All
16    Coalition                       358

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24
                                                       7

 1         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     We're about to

 2   start the Housing hearing.     I thought we had

 3   some guests who were outside who wanted to

 4   come in for the Housing hearing, but we'll

 5   see if that happens.   I -- we don't solicit

 6   extra people necessarily.

 7         So good afternoon.     I'm Assemblywoman

 8   Helene Weinstein, chair of the New York State

 9   Assembly's Ways and Means Committee, cochair

10   of today's hearing.

11         Today we begin the eighth in a series

12   of hearings conducted by the joint fiscal

13   committees of the Legislature regarding the

14   Governor's proposed budget for fiscal year

15   2020-2021.   The hearings are conducted

16   pursuant to the State of New York

17   Constitution and the Legislative Law.

18         And today the Assembly Ways and Means

19   Committee and the Senate Finance Committee

20   will hear testimony concerning the Governor's

21   budget proposal for housing.

22         I'll introduce members who are here

23   from the Assembly majority, and then

24   Senator Krueger, chair of Senate Finance,
                                                      8

 1   will introduce members from the Senate.    And

 2   then our ranker on Ways and Means, Ed Ra,

 3   will introduce members from his conference.

 4         So we have -- in no particular order,

 5   we have with us Assemblywoman Niou,

 6   Assemblyman Epstein, Assemblyman Barron,

 7   Assemblyman Colton, Assemblywoman Rosenthal,

 8   Assemblyman Blake, Assemblywoman Richardson,

 9   Assemblywoman De La Rosa, Assemblywoman

10   Joyner, and Assemblyman Mosley.

11         Liz?

12         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:    Thank you.

13         Good afternoon.   So I'm joined by

14   quite a few Senators.   We have, starting at

15   the bottom row, our new Senator George

16   Borrello, Senator Brad Hoylman, Senator

17   Robert Jackson, Senator Gustavo Rivera,

18   Senator Todd Kaminsky, Senator Diane Savino,

19   and up at the top here Senator John Liu,

20   Senator Zellnor Myrie, Senator Julia Salazar,

21   Senator Jessica Ramos, chair of Housing Brian

22   Kavanagh, ranker on Finance James Seward, and

23   I am Liz Krueger.

24         Thank you.
                                                       9

 1         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Assemblyman Ra.

 2         ASSEMBLYMAN RA:    We're joined by

 3   Assemblyman Mike Fitzpatrick, ranking member

 4   on the Housing Committee, as well as Colin

 5   Schmitt and Assemblyman Mark Johns.

 6         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

 7         So before introducing our first

 8   witness, I'd like to remind all the witnesses

 9   testifying today to keep your statement

10   within your allotted time limit so everyone

11   can be afforded the opportunity to speak.

12         And you can figure out your time by

13   looking at the clock.    It's 10 minutes for

14   governmental witnesses for testimony, up to

15   five minutes for nongovernmental witnesses.

16         Members should also be mindful of the

17   countdown clocks.   The chair of the

18   respective Housing Committees have 10 minutes

19   to ask questions of the governmental

20   witnesses, five minutes for the

21   nongovernmental witnesses.    Other members of

22   relevant committees have five minutes to ask

23   questions.   And only the chairs have a second

24   round of five minutes.   And when we get to
                                                      10

 1   the nongovernmental witnesses, members have

 2   three minutes.

 3         So I know there are a bit of rules,

 4   but we found that by adhering to these

 5   guidelines we get an opportunity to hear from

 6   everybody who signed up to be a witness.

 7         And for the witnesses coming who are

 8   the nongovernmental witnesses, we have most

 9   of your testimonies electronically, they've

10   been shared with all of the members of the

11   Ways and Means and Housing Committees.    We

12   encourage you to summarize rather than read

13   your testimony, because what most people find

14   is they get halfway through their written

15   testimony if they read it and then we get

16   to -- we miss all the important parts that

17   you have on the last page.

18         So with that being said -- and also,

19   just a reminder both for the witnesses and

20   the members, this is a budget hearing on the

21   Governor's housing budget.   I know that there

22   are -- from looking at some of the

23   testimonies submitted, a number of people

24   have written urging us to adopt certain
                                                           11

 1   legislation.   The discussion on legislation

 2   will take place at another time.    This is to

 3   focus on the Governor's Executive Budget.

 4           So with all that being said, I think

 5   we are ready to begin the hearing.     And our

 6   first witness, commissioner of New York State

 7   Homes and Community Renewal, RuthAnne

 8   Visnauskas.

 9           Welcome, Commissioner.

10           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Thank you.

11           And good afternoon, Chairs Krueger,

12   Weinstein, Kavanagh, Cymbrowitz, and

13   distinguished members of the Legislature.        My

14   name is RuthAnne Visnauskas, and I'm

15   commissioner and CEO of New York State Homes

16   and Community Renewal.   I'm honored to

17   testify before you today on the housing

18   portion of Governor Andrew Cuomo's Executive

19   Budget proposal for the '20-'21 state fiscal

20   year.

21           Once again the Governor's budget

22   demonstrates his unwavering dedication to a

23   progressive agenda that addresses

24   homelessness and sweeps away barriers that
                                                     12

 1   block New Yorkers' opportunity to have a safe

 2   and affordable place to live in the community

 3   that they choose.

 4         National data on the housing landscape

 5   across the U.S. reinforces the need for a

 6   strong commitment here in New York State, and

 7   I'm happy to report today on our

 8   accomplishments on the Governor's Housing

 9   Plan to date.

10         A study released last month from

11   Harvard's Joint Center on Housing Studies

12   provided data supporting some troubling

13   factors in the U.S. rental housing market.

14   Vacancy rates are at their lowest levels

15   since the 1980s.    The number of people

16   experiencing homelessness nationally is more

17   than 500,000, and one in four renters is

18   cost-burdened and pays more than 30 percent

19   of their income on rent.

20         I'm thrilled to work for a Governor

21   who understands the need to tackle each of

22   these issues:   Housing supply, the need for

23   supportive housing, and the rising cost of

24   rentals.
                                                      13

 1         For proof of this commitment, look no

 2   further than the progress we've made to date

 3   in carrying out the state's $20 billion,

 4   five-year Housing Plan to create and preserve

 5   more than 100,000 affordable housing units

 6   and 6,000 supportive housing units.

 7         On supply, I'm pleased to announce

 8   that as of the end of this past December, we

 9   have produced more than 62,000 affordable and

10   supportive homes.   And in keeping with our

11   initial vision for this investment,

12   approximately half of the units are in

13   New York City and half are located across the

14   rest of the state, with every region

15   benefiting.   This includes new construction,

16   preservation, and home mortgages for

17   low-income first-time homebuyers.

18         This is a strong investment in our

19   communities and creates job opportunities as

20   well as neighborhoods of opportunity.    But

21   don't take it from me.   Here are some words

22   of a resident at one of the projects we

23   financed near Albany:    "My family and I were

24   chronically homeless.    My son attended five
                                                     14

 1   different schools by the time he reached the

 2   eighth grade, because we were always moving.

 3   At the time I was offered affordable housing,

 4   I was spending 89 percent of my gross income

 5   on rent and utilities, and avoiding

 6   homelessness was my top priority.

 7         "Since securing an affordable

 8   apartment, I was able to enroll in college,

 9   and I am now one semester away from earning

10   my bachelor's degree.   Additionally, I was

11   able to secure full-time employment doing

12   work I love at an organization that values my

13   lived experiences."

14         And while this story is from a woman

15   who lives near Albany, we enable this

16   transformation across the state and across

17   diverse groups of people.   We're serving

18   seniors and veterans, public housing

19   residents and Mitchell-Lama residents, and

20   thousands and thousands of first-time

21   homebuyers.

22         And we are incredibly focused on our

23   supportive housing goals.   Across the state

24   we have created homes for survivors of
                                                     15

 1   domestic violence, for the growing senior

 2   population, individuals suffering from mental

 3   illness, youth aging out of foster care, and

 4   the developmentally disabled -- and, of

 5   course, for those who are at risk of being

 6   homeless.

 7         I'm proud to say we've financed more

 8   than 4,600 supportive apartments to provide

 9   housing with essential services that allow

10   people to live independently in the

11   communities that they call home.   This puts

12   us on target to meet the 6,000 supportive

13   unit commitment by the end of next year.

14         There is always more to do, but we

15   believe we are making a real impact in the

16   fight to reduce homelessness and housing

17   insecurity and are truly grateful for the

18   support we have come to count on from our

19   partners in government, finance, and the

20   nonprofit and private sectors.

21         And while creating opportunities and

22   increasing access to affordable housing is

23   paramount to HCR's mission, so too is

24   addressing the issue of housing-cost burden.
                                                      16

 1   In 2019, together we further protected the

 2   rights of New York's 2.5 million

 3   rent-regulated tenants.    When I sat before

 4   you last year, we were on the precipice of

 5   what became the most sweeping changes in

 6   history of the state's rent laws.   You played

 7   an essential role in making these much-needed

 8   reforms a reality, and it is obvious that

 9   these new laws have had an immediate impact

10   for many renters in New York.

11            As Governor Cuomo said in his budget

12   presentation, it's not what you say, it's

13   what you do that makes changes in people's

14   lives.    Together we've done a great deal.

15   Together we have made tremendous progress.

16   I'm honored to work with all of you.    And on

17   behalf of my great HCR team who sits right

18   behind me, I ask for your continued support

19   securing the resources and advancing the

20   legislation we need to continue to make a

21   real difference in New Yorkers' lives and

22   communities.

23            Thank you, and I'm happy to address

24   your questions.
                                                        17

 1         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

 2         We go to the chair of our Housing

 3   Committee, Assemblyman Cymbrowitz.

 4         Before he begins, we've been joined by

 5   Assemblyman Rodriguez and Assemblyman Cahill.

 6         Assemblyman Cymbrowitz now.

 7         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Thank you,

 8   Chairs.

 9         And thank you, Commissioner.     I

10   wanted -- and I thank you for your testimony.

11   Thank you for being here.

12         I wanted to dig down a little deeper

13   into your testimony and talk about the

14   $2.5 billion, five-year Housing Plan that was

15   put together jointly.   It was a first.    It

16   was terrific.   We're all very, very proud to

17   have put that together.     But can you tell us,

18   you know, of the $2.5 billion, how much money

19   has been spent, how many units have been

20   produced, what's in the pipeline?    I don't

21   know if you can break it down to city,

22   upstate, Long Island -- but that would be

23   helpful for us.

24         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I'd be happy
                                                      18

 1   to.   So of the $2.5 billion that was

 2   allocated in the budget, we have spent

 3   $1.5 billion of that.   We've produced a

 4   little over 62,000 units to date.   They are

 5   roughly split between New York City and rest

 6   of state, with a little less than 50 percent

 7   in New York City and a little more upstate at

 8   this point.   But we still have two years left

 9   to go to spend the balance of the funds.

10           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:   Of those

11   units, how many are less than 60 percent AMI,

12   how many of them are permanently affordable?

13          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we track

14   below 80 AMI -- what I would have for you

15   today is below 80.   We track at multiple

16   levels.   But the units that we produce that

17   are below 80 and above 80, which is the

18   low-income -- federal definition of

19   low-income, 75 percent of the units we

20   produced are 80 percent of AMI or below, and

21   25 percent are 80 percent and above.

22          ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    And what are

23   the plans for the rest of the money and the

24   number of units that are being produced with
                                                       19

 1   that?

 2           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we are on

 3   schedule for the next two years to complete

 4   the full 100,000 affordable units and 6,000

 5   supportive units.   As I said, we have about a

 6   billion dollars left to spend, and we will

 7   make sure that we start construction on every

 8   unit that we committed to before the end of

 9   the five years.

10           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    How much is

11   in the pipeline?

12           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Excuse me?

13           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    How much --

14   how many units, how much money is in the

15   pipeline ready to go out?

16           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we -- so

17   across all the different spending programs --

18   I don't have all the numbers by program, but

19   the total left to spend would be the billion

20   of the 2.5.

21           And we have a very full pipeline of

22   projects.   We traditionally and annually

23   receive more applications than we can fund in

24   any given year across our different programs,
                                                         20

 1   so we won't have any trouble meeting those

 2   targets.

 3            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    A hundred

 4   million dollars was allocated for the

 5   preservation and creation of truly affordable

 6   housing, especially in New York City.       Could

 7   you talk about how many units have been

 8   produced with those dollars?

 9            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure.    I

10   don't have the exact figure for the units for

11   the -- this is the 100 percent affordable

12   New York City program?   I can get back to you

13   with the expected number of units for that

14   program.

15            But we have, certainly in the last

16   year, funded two or three projects that I can

17   recall, and I believe we did some the year

18   before that.    So we can get back to you with

19   the exact units.

20            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Funds were

21   also allocated for substantial or moderate

22   rehab.    Could you tell us what types of

23   projects received funding for that?

24            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   This would
                                                       21

 1   be for the multifamily preservation program?

 2         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Yes.

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So it serves

 4   a variety of different project types.    It can

 5   be existing affordable that is at the end of

 6   its regulatory period, and we would be

 7   lending to do sort of another, you know, 20-

 8   or 30-year investment in scope and then

 9   extend the regulatory agreement for those

10   projects by another 30 years.

11         And that's I think one of the most

12   common things that we use the multifamily

13   preservation for.   So whether that's a 202

14   or -- a HUD 202, a senior project, or an

15   existing tax credit project that might have

16   been done 25 years ago.   And they can be big

17   or small, upstate or in New York City.    It

18   runs the whole gamut.

19         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Funds were

20   made available for Mitchell-Lama.   Could you

21   talk a little bit about the Mitchell-Lama

22   program?

23         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure.    So we

24   have been very successful deploying the funds
                                                        22

 1   in the Mitchell-Lama program.       I believe we

 2   had $75 million in total, and I think we've

 3   spent 60 or 70 percent of that to date, to

 4   fund both co-ops and rentals -- because we

 5   have a mix in our portfolio of co-ops and

 6   rentals -- to do capital improvements, and

 7   then also extend their affordability for

 8   another 40 years.

 9            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Was there a

10   process for their allocation?

11            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    People

12   apply.    So we work with all -- obviously we

13   work fairly closely with all of our

14   Mitchell-Lamas.     And so we certainly work

15   with the ones that are most in need of

16   capital to make sure that they can develop a

17   scope and come in and apply for those funds.

18            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Supportive

19   housing receives a large amount of dollars in

20   the budget.    Can you talk about where we are

21   in that, what year -- that's -- they're in

22   the fourth year of the -- no, they started a

23   year early, I think.    Right?     So they're in

24   the last year of their fifth year.
                                                         23

 1            Can you talk about how much has been

 2   allocated, number of units?

 3            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yup, happy

 4   to.

 5            So the Supportive Housing Program, as

 6   we think of it, is sort of in two pieces.

 7   There are service contracts that are awarded,

 8   and those are done through a variety of the

 9   state agencies, including OMH and OTDA and

10   OASAS and others.    And then there's a capital

11   budget, which is what sits primarily in HCR's

12   budget.    And those two things fund the

13   supportive housing, both the service

14   contracts and the capital.

15            So there was $950 million in HCR's

16   budget for supportive housing when the

17   Housing Plan was started.    To date we have

18   spent about $650 million of that $950 million

19   towards the creation of and have financed the

20   construction of 4500 supportive housing

21   units.    So we are well on our way to

22   completing, in this calendar year, the 6,000

23   commitment.

24            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    And what's in
                                                        24

 1   the pipeline?

 2          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We have many

 3   projects in the pipeline.    You know, the

 4   supportive housing community I think has been

 5   extremely appreciative of the amount of

 6   capital that was put into HCR's budget, and

 7   so they have been busy buying sites and

 8   bringing them to us.   It's a mix of New York

 9   City and rest-of-state projects.

10          ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    The Governor

11   put out a press release today touting

12   $20 billion for housing.    Is that the same

13   20 billion that he talked about two weeks

14   ago?   Is this an additional 20 billion?     How

15   many 20 billions are going to be in this new

16   program?

17          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So the press

18   release today was announcing that we have

19   started construction on the 62,000 units,

20   which is a combination of the affordable and

21   the supportive, towards the 100,000 and the

22   6,000 unit goal.   And it was in the context

23   of the original $20 billion that funded that.

24          ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    It's
                                                      25

 1   essential for the supportive housing

 2   community to know how much money they're

 3   going to have in order to go forward and

 4   plan.   As you know, it takes several years to

 5   put one supportive housing project together,

 6   going through the community process, putting

 7   all the different funding together to make a

 8   project work.

 9           Can you talk about the next five years

10   for supportive housing?

11           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I would say

12   that since we have the -- funding left of the

13   950 million that we have left, we will be

14   very busy over the next two years deploying

15   that.   And I certainly agree with you, I

16   think it takes a very long time for all

17   developers, but especially for supportive

18   housing developers, to put their projects

19   together.   They are complex and involve

20   multiple sources of funds.

21           But we look forward to working with

22   them, to continuing on our commitment for the

23   next two years.

24           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    So does the
                                                      26

 1   Governor have -- does he plan on putting out

 2   another five-year plan with dollars?

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I think for

 4   the moment we're very focused on completing

 5   the plan we committed to already.

 6         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      But you can

 7   understand the supportive housing community

 8   being extremely concerned on what they can go

 9   forward and build if they don't know what is

10   going to happen after this year.

11         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I think

12   that's true not just for the supportive

13   housing community but for the affordable

14   housing community writ large, as well as for

15   all of you and for neighborhoods and

16   advocates and all of us who work in this

17   business.

18         I think everybody is appreciative of

19   the existing commitment and looks forward to

20   that continuing in the future.

21         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    So I'm sure

22   the Governor will then want to come out with

23   another five-year plan so that we can

24   continue to go forward.
                                                        27

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I suspect a

 2   five-year plan will be something that the

 3   Governor and the Legislature would work on

 4   together.

 5         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      We look

 6   forward to it.

 7         Let's talk about public housing a

 8   little bit.   Upstate public housing has many

 9   of the same or has the same problems that

10   New York City Housing Authority has.      We put

11   money into the budget.   Can you talk about

12   how much money has been spent, how it was

13   allocated and who it was allocated to?

14         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes.   So we

15   had $125 million in the Housing Plan for

16   public housing around the state.     We have

17   spent almost all of that money, as of the end

18   of December, on housing authorities around

19   the state, including in Auburn, in Albany, in

20   Yonkers and really across the whole -- in

21   Southampton, Easthampton, across the state.

22         And then additionally we received

23   another $20 million last year in the budget

24   for additional public housing, which was --
                                                       28

 1   we are very thankful for.   And we are

 2   currently working with Schenectady and Auburn

 3   and still with Albany on several other public

 4   housing --

 5         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Are these all

 6   RAD projects or are they --

 7         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    No, they are

 8   not all RAD.

 9         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     So they're

10   using their dollars for other issues -- or

11   other programs?

12         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    They're a

13   mix, yeah.   Some people will utilize RAD --

14   some developers will utilize RAD; others will

15   do a tax credit execution that might not

16   involve converting their public housing

17   dollars into a RAD contract.

18         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Thank you,

19   Commissioner.

20         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thanks.

21         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

22         Before we go to the Senate, I just

23   wanted to say we were joined by

24   Assemblyman Dilan, Assemblyman Pichardo and
                                                      29

 1   Assemblywoman Byrnes.

 2         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:    Thank you.

 3         We were joined by Senator Brian

 4   Benjamin and Senator Jamaal Bailey, but they

 5   might have also walked out again.   But

 6   they'll be back.

 7         And our first questioner is Housing

 8   Chair Brian Kavanagh.

 9         SENATOR KAVANAGH:     Thank you, Chairs.

10   And I acknowledge my colleague Chairman

11   Cymbrowitz, who's been a very great partner

12   on many of these issues as well.

13         And thank you, Commissioner, for being

14   here, for testifying.

15         Just as a preliminary matter, just to

16   follow up on some of Chairman Cymbrowitz's

17   questions about the kind of overall status of

18   our effort to provide capital funding, so the

19   $20 billion which has been kind of a

20   multi-yearly commitment for a while now,

21   looking at this year's Executive proposal,

22   just to be clear, there's no new funding for

23   New York City Housing Authority, correct?

24         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     For the
                                                           30

 1   New York City Housing Authority?     No.

 2         SENATOR KAVANAGH:    And no new funding

 3   for other public housing authorities.

 4         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     No.

 5         SENATOR KAVANAGH:    And no new funding

 6   for the supportive housing program that you

 7   were discussing with Chairman Cymbrowitz as

 8   well, right?

 9         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     No.     We

10   still have funding in our budget for

11   supportive housing and for --

12         SENATOR KAVANAGH:    So we're working

13   our way through the five years there, and

14   with -- in some years we work on allocating

15   specific funds and in other years we're just

16   kind of leaving in place what's passed.         And

17   with respect to those programs, we're just

18   sort of working off old money at this point.

19         Talking about NYCHA, for a while we --

20   for several years we were holding -- the

21   executive was holding funding, the

22   $450 million that had been allocated in prior

23   state budgets.   There was a positive

24   announcement that money is now available and
                                                          31

 1   as I understand it, NYCHA is now authorized

 2   to move forward with projects that will be

 3   reimbursed.

 4            There was an additional $100 million

 5   that was allocated in June.     Has there been

 6   any movement on getting that money out the

 7   door to be available to NYCHA?

 8            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I don't

 9   believe at this time there's been an

10   agreed-upon plan between NYCHA and the

11   Executive for the last hundred from last

12   year's budget, yes.

13            SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I just -- I'm

14   sorry --

15            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     So your

16   question was is there a plan to spend that

17   money?

18            SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Right.

19            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I don't

20   believe at this time there's a plan.       As you

21   had mentioned, the $450 million from 2016 and

22   2018 was approved by the federal monitor late

23   in 2019, so that work will begin and the

24   state will reimburse NYCHA for that.       I don't
                                                      32

 1   believe there's an agreed-upon plan for the

 2   2019 funding of $100 million.

 3           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   To your knowledge,

 4   has there been discussion about how to spend

 5   that money?

 6           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Excuse me?

 7           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Has there been

 8   discussion between NYCHA and the state about

 9   how to spend that money, to your knowledge?

10           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I'm not

11   sure.

12           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay.   Turning

13   to -- you know, we -- in the Housing

14   Stability and Tenant Protection Act, we

15   imposed a great many obligations on your

16   agency to enforce those laws.    We've had

17   numerous opportunities to have conversations

18   about the efforts of the agency to implement

19   that, and we know that's been a big challenge

20   and we appreciate that work.

21           Can you just talk a little bit about

22   the status of those efforts and the resources

23   the agency needs, including the status of

24   hiring up?    You know, we added 94 positions
                                                      33

 1   to the agency last year in the Office of Rent

 2   Administration and TPU.

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I'd be happy

 4   to.

 5         We spent a lot of time in the summer

 6   and in the early fall updating all of our

 7   documents, which include, you know, the ways

 8   we communicate with both tenants and

 9   landlords about the rent laws, which included

10   fact sheets and advisory opinions and lease

11   amendments.   And we'd produced all of those

12   in what we felt was the priority order of

13   importance so that we could get information

14   out -- the most important information out as

15   quickly and timely as we could.

16         In addition to that, we have gone out

17   to many public forums, both for tenants and

18   landlords, and also to borough presidents and

19   any other sort of elected official that has

20   asked, to talk about where we are in the --

21   both what the changes to the rent laws are

22   and what they mean, and then also our process

23   for updating documents.

24         So we feel, you know, at this time we
                                                     34

 1   are -- have sort of completed I think what we

 2   felt was our sort of public process for that.

 3   There are still a couple of things that have

 4   to get done, including, most largely, the

 5   regulations.   And those regulations will get

 6   published this spring.   They will go through

 7   the SAPA process this year, with an aim to be

 8   complete by the end of 2020.

 9         On staffing, we were very appreciative

10   to get 94 additional full-time employees last

11   year prior to the rent laws actually even

12   being passed, but as part of the budget

13   process.   That was the largest influx of

14   staffing that ORA had ever had, and it had

15   had quite a decline in staff over the period

16   of time before that.

17         So since we received that over the

18   past year, we are estimating that by June --

19   by March, sorry, of this year -- so one year

20   since the budget -- we will have hired and

21   have working, in seats in the office, 75 new

22   employees of the 94.

23         I would caveat that by saying in the

24   same period of time we've had a lot of
                                                       35

 1   retirements in the Office of Rent

 2   Administration -- not any more than we

 3   normally have in a given year, but we have

 4   had about -- a little over 30 people retire.

 5   So we are net up about 45 employees in the

 6   overall ORA staffing.

 7           So what that means is over the course

 8   of the next year, we'll continue to absorb

 9   the balance of the 94 heads.     And we do this

10   as quickly as we could.   We work very closely

11   with the Office of Civil Service to bring on

12   people.   We bring them on sort of in waves of

13   20 or so at a time.   It takes obviously a lot

14   of staff time to train people.

15           I would also add that as you would

16   imagine, when people retire from the Office

17   of Rent Administration with 30 years of

18   experience, they take that out the door with

19   them.   And when new people come in, they're

20   coming in green and they have not processed

21   rent applications before.   And so we do a --

22   take a serious amount of time to train people

23   and on-board them.

24           So we wouldn't expect to really see
                                                      36

 1   the full impact of the productivity of those

 2   94 new heads really probably for a year from

 3   now.

 4          SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I assume there will

 5   probably be other panelists with questions

 6   about that and also about hard costs like

 7   computer systems and other that are part of

 8   the administration of that.   But I'll leave

 9   it there for now, given my time.

10          Just on the issue of how this money

11   changes hands, the Executive is proposing

12   to -- instead of the city reimbursing the

13   department for the cost of this, to -- it

14   seems that the proposal is that at any given

15   point the state can just remove money from

16   virtually any payment that would otherwise go

17   to the city for whatever service, and also

18   charge the cost of that billing to the city.

19          Can you estimate what the reduction,

20   the net reduction in payments to the city

21   would be as a result of that change?

22          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    The -- yes.

23   So the change has been made so that instead

24   of the city and the state sending checks back
                                                        37

 1   and forth for a myriad of things, that

 2   instead the city would -- the state would

 3   have an offset to payments to the city for

 4   the cost of running ORA.   There's no change

 5   in the cost of running ORA.   There's no

 6   change to our processes, our procedure or our

 7   staffing as a result of that change.     It's

 8   just a process change, so that instead of

 9   trading checks there's just an offset of

10   expenses.

11         SENATOR KAVANAGH:    So we shouldn't be

12   concerned about the language that says the

13   city can -- in addition to the cost of

14   running, of administering the rent system,

15   the city can -- the state can also bill the

16   city for the cost of that accounting

17   mechanism?

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    For the

19   account -- their cost of what?

20         SENATOR KAVANAGH:    There's additional

21   language that suggests the city could also --

22   the state could also bill the city for the

23   cost of billing them for this payment.     Okay.

24   I'll leave that there as well.
                                                      38

 1         The -- but it also eliminates the

 2   notion that HCR is the agency that

 3   administers these laws in New York and

 4   instead substitutes the idea that just

 5   generically the state administers them.    Can

 6   you talk about the purpose of that and what

 7   its implications would be?

 8         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure.    So

 9   since -- the change in the language would

10   allow the state to offset city payments for

11   any other expenses due.   It wouldn't nec --

12   it wouldn't be DHCR expenses, it could be

13   other expenses of the state.   So that's what

14   that language is meant to reflect.

15         SENATOR KAVANAGH:   So the purpose of

16   that is to allow the state to bill the city

17   for expenses of other agencies as well as HCR

18   for the administration of the rent laws?

19         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   No, I think

20   the notion would be that rather than just

21   billing the city and having the city pay the

22   state back, that the state could offset other

23   payments that are other expenses of other

24   aspects of the state that aren't just
                                                       39

 1   DHCR-specific expenses.     Hence the

 2   substitution of the word.

 3         SENATOR KAVANAGH:     Okay.   Again, with

 4   the clock ticking, I'll just note that it

 5   seems -- from our reading of the language, it

 6   seems to be that there's, in addition to this

 7   payment mechanism, there's also a change in

 8   the nature of the agency that is supposed to

 9   administer these laws in New York.      Which

10   we're not -- it's very unclear to a lot of us

11   why that -- how -- why that would even be

12   necessary, or what its effect would be.

13         Foreclosure prevention -- we had this

14   conversation last year.    This is the HOPP

15   program, sometimes called Communities First.

16   You know, we had a fight right down to the

17   wire about finding $20 million.     This was

18   originally, I believe, funded through your

19   agency; in more recent years it's been funded

20   through the AG.

21         Can you just talk about the -- does

22   the administration have plans to ensure that

23   those programs continue?    As we know, this

24   funding expires March 31st, which was a
                                                       40

 1   situation that was very problematic last

 2   year.   Can you --

 3           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes, I

 4   recall the conversation from last year.

 5           My understanding is that there is a

 6   $10 million -- the funding that was provided

 7   last year will carry through -- halfway

 8   through the next year, because it was a

 9   $30 million total against a $20 million

10   annual cost.

11           And I would anticipate that through

12   this budget process we continue to work on

13   the balance of that.

14           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Is that $10 million

15   in the Executive Budget?

16           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I think it

17   was in -- the 30 from last year covered 20 of

18   one year and half of the -- of a following

19   year.

20           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay, so we just --

21   we're -- you know, we're reading it as zeroed

22   out, but we I guess -- we'd like to have

23   further conversations with you about ensuring

24   that that $10 million is available at this
                                                       41

 1   stage, obviously so we continue the programs

 2   and look for additional funding to get

 3   through the year.

 4           Just very briefly -- I have 10 seconds

 5   left.   On code enforcement, we have had some

 6   conversations.   You know that the Legislature

 7   has looked through this.    Can you talk about

 8   whether the state should be assisting

 9   localities in ensuring that the codes are

10   enforced?

11           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   If it's

12   blinking, do you --

13           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I'm not sure what

14   the rules are and what's -- if the question

15   is out the door.

16           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   RuthAnne, why

17   don't you just answer.

18           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes.   We --

19   housing quality is very important to us, so

20   too the intersection of code enforcement with

21   sort of housing funding policy generally is

22   important.

23           As I'm sure you see when you travel

24   the state, local municipalities are often
                                                           42

 1   challenged with resources to ensure good

 2   quality and just sort of general code.        And

 3   so we are -- we work with municipalities

 4   around the state to try and assist where we

 5   can and to make sure that we can provide

 6   funding where they have buildings that are

 7   not meeting, you know, local code in

 8   municipalities across the state.

 9           So we're happy to continue to talk

10   about that as well.

11           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay.   Thank you

12   for all your work throughout the year and for

13   your testimony today.

14           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

15           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

16           Now we go to Assemblyman Barron.

17           ASSEMBLYMAN BARRON:     Thank you very

18   much.

19           Commissioner, as you know, we've had

20   several meetings, so I like to always put my

21   micro perspective in a macro perspective.        As

22   you know and may or may not agree, we live in

23   a very racist, parasitic, predatory,

24   exploitative, capitalist system that affects
                                                        43

 1   housing.   Exploitative.    And I think the real

 2   solution is revolution:     Radical systemic

 3   change of the system.      But in the meantime,

 4   we're in the budget process now --

 5         (Laughter.)

 6         ASSEMBLYMAN BARRON:       -- so I want to

 7   talk about gentrification.      Honesty compels

 8   me to say we've done very productive work

 9   together in East New York.      I'm not going to

10   say things to you privately and not say them

11   publicly, that we've done a very good job

12   working together at 888 Fountain Street,

13   Fountain Avenue.   And the housing development

14   there is 40 to 60 percent of the AMI.     And we

15   talked about getting more black developers

16   getting contracts and not just the white men

17   getting all the contracts out of these

18   multi-billion-dollar programs, and we've

19   actually done that in East New York.     And I

20   have to give my partner in East New York, and

21   in my house, my wife, Inez Barron, Council

22   member -- we were able to stop gentrification

23   in our districts and maintain real affordable

24   housing as we define affordability in our
                                                       44

 1   district.

 2            My concern is what about the rest of

 3   the state, where we are 80 percent, I heard

 4   you say -- 75 percent of the housing is at

 5   80 percent of the AMI.   And that does not

 6   match affordability in Brownsville and East

 7   New York and Harlem and many of our

 8   districts.    So HUD cannot define

 9   affordability for us.

10            In New York City I think the AMI is

11   $95,000 for a family of three.    So 80 percent

12   of that would be like $75,000 for a family of

13   three.    And if you look at the neighborhood

14   AMI, we're talking $36,000 for a family of

15   three?    So that's not affordable.   So I want

16   you to address that.

17            Also I want to criticize the Governor

18   for eliminating the Advantage Program years

19   ago.   That is subsidies for the homeless.

20   We've got subsidies for rich developers, but

21   we don't have subsidies to help the homeless

22   pay their rent.    So that's a criticism.

23            The RAD program, I'm concerned about

24   privatization of public housing and public
                                                      45

 1   property.   In some instances it can work if

 2   it maintains affordable.   If you take

 3   property and maintain the affordability of

 4   it, it can work.

 5         And finally, we will never get out of

 6   poverty paying rent.   At some point we've got

 7   to build real affordable homeownership for

 8   those of us in black and brown high-poverty

 9   neighborhoods.   Homeownership.    And I do

10   understand that the state and the city gives

11   a lot of subsidies to these developers for

12   rentals, but when it comes to homeownership

13   and building homeownership, the subsidies

14   aren't there.

15         So I don't want them to see our

16   community as ching-ching, profit-making time,

17   and making money because it's more

18   profit-making to do rentals than it is to do

19   homeownership.   So I'm very, very concerned

20   about that as well.

21         So I believe that we need some radical

22   changes in our system, but in the meantime we

23   need to address these very serious issues of

24   foreclosures and gentrification,
                                                      46

 1   homeownership and the housing crisis that

 2   we're in, especially homelessness.

 3          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Okay.   That

 4   was a lot.   So I'll do my best to address it

 5   all.

 6          I thank you for your words on the

 7   Brooklyn Developmental Center work that we

 8   are doing together, and I thank you for your

 9   partnership.   As someone who's been working

10   on affordable housing for a long time, it is

11   incredibly sort of -- it really is a

12   privilege to be able to work on really

13   large-scale projects like that that will

14   bring thousands and thousands of units in one

15   project of affordable housing to one

16   community.   It's not something we get to do

17   all the time, so we feel very lucky to be

18   able to work on that with you.

19          And I think -- feel very grateful for

20   your partnership and think that we've arrived

21   at a place that we are producing housing at a

22   variety of income levels that really serves

23   the people who live in East New York.

24          I think as it relates to AMI -- and
                                                     47

 1   we've talked about this in the past -- we use

 2   one standard, and we use that for a variety

 3   of reasons that relate to how we get our

 4   funding and to also having sort of a standard

 5   that we use across the city.     But that

 6   doesn't mean we produce the same AMI of units

 7   across the city, right?   So we produce 30

 8   AMI, 40 AMI, 50 AMI.   We're not always at 80

 9   when we're -- or 60 when we're producing.

10         So we try to work with you and other

11   local electeds to make sure that we are

12   providing units at household incomes that are

13   reflective of the neighborhoods where we're

14   working in.   We might not do it a hundred

15   percent all the time, but we certainly try.

16         I would -- can I keep going to answer?

17   I'll be quick.   I would say on RAD we have

18   done several RAD transactions.    And while I

19   think people are -- often have concerns about

20   them, I think from my perspective we see that

21   as a way to get really significant investment

22   into housing that has been disinvested in for

23   a very long time.   And so as the federal

24   government has pulled back on its capital
                                                      48

 1   that it provides to public housing

 2   authorities, they have so little money to

 3   make what are really significant and needed

 4   investments.   So I think for us, we see RAD

 5   as really a way to do major capital

 6   improvements into buildings that have been

 7   neglected for a long time.

 8         And then lastly I would say on

 9   homeownership, we do have AHC, which is our

10   homeownership program, that does thousands of

11   units around the state every year, and we'd

12   be happy to work with you more on

13   homeownership opportunities.

14         ASSEMBLYMAN BARRON:      Thank you.

15         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

16         We go to Assemblyman Liu -- I mean

17   Senator Liu.   I'm sorry, John.

18         SENATOR LIU:    {Inaudible; mic off.}

19         How about now?   Thank you.

20         Commissioner, you testified that the

21   Governor has committed $20 billion for this

22   five-year Housing Plan to create 100,000

23   units of affordable housing and 6,000

24   supportive housing units.    What are the main
                                                      49

 1   tools that the state employs to create this

 2   affordable housing?

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We have many

 4   tools that we use, but I think the two most

 5   common ones that people think of in terms of

 6   production and preservation of multifamily

 7   housing would be that we get federal

 8   resources in the form of volume cap, which

 9   would be tax-exempt bonds that come with

10   4 percent tax credits.   And we also get from

11   the federal government 9 percent tax credits.

12   So we use both of those as a main driver for

13   production of new affordable housing and

14   supportive housing.

15         SENATOR LIU:    So federal tax

16   incentives for developers to build affordable

17   housing.

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     They

19   are somewhat tax --

20         SENATOR LIU:    Okay.   Well, what about

21   the $20 billion of state money?   Where does

22   that go?

23         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Where does

24   it what?
                                                         50

 1         SENATOR LIU:      How does that manifest

 2   itself, the $20 billion?    Is that straight

 3   capital spending?     Is it subsidies, is it tax

 4   breaks?   What is it?

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:       Yes.   So

 6   it's a variety of things that would probably

 7   take a while to go through.    I think from

 8   our -- the key one that we utilized would be

 9   that there was $2.5 billion of state capital

10   put into HCR's budget that we've been

11   spending over the past couple of years, in

12   connection -- alongside federal resources

13   that we get in order to create housing.

14         SENATOR LIU:      All right, I'm just

15   focused on the state's $20 billion.

16   According to your testimony, $2.5 billion of

17   that is straight capital expenditures.

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:       Correct.

19         SENATOR LIU:      Is there an accounting

20   for tax incentives?     For example, the 421-a

21   program, does that cost money out of this

22   $20 billion?

23         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:       It does not.

24         SENATOR LIU:      All right.   So where's
                                                       51

 1   the other 17.5 going?   I mean, it's got to be

 2   going somewhere.

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So the

 4   $20 billion includes federal resources that

 5   we use to do the affordable housing plan, so

 6   the credit, the volume cap that I was

 7   speaking of.   But only a portion of that is

 8   the housing that we produce at HCR.     There's

 9   also a portion of that $20 billion that is

10   for shelters and other --

11         SENATOR LIU:    Got it, okay.   So that

12   $2.5 billion is -- I presume that's going to

13   NYCHA or public housing -- no?

14         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    No.    The

15   $2.5 billion is in HCR's budget, and we're

16   spending it for affordable and supportive

17   housing.

18         SENATOR LIU:    Okay.   Cities like

19   New York City employ what they now call

20   mandatory inclusionary housing, right?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Mm-hmm.

22         SENATOR LIU:    That's something that

23   the state doesn't really have, because the

24   state doesn't govern zoning laws, whereas
                                                     52

 1   localities do govern zoning laws.

 2         But does your department have any

 3   oversight into the kinds of deals that

 4   municipalities make with developers?

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Not if they

 6   don't involve our funding.

 7         SENATOR LIU:   I'm sorry, not that --

 8         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   We wouldn't

 9   have any oversight of a deal that a municipal

10   makes with a developer unless it involved --

11   unless --

12         SENATOR LIU:   So in other words, for

13   example, if the City of New York makes a deal

14   with a developer to give them additional bulk

15   for their development in exchange for

16   affordable housing, DHCR has no oversight as

17   to what level of affordability or what

18   percentage of affordability that development

19   or that particular deal would encompass?

20         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   That is

21   correct.

22         SENATOR LIU:   So it's completely up to

23   the city.

24         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   If they are
                                                      53

 1   using their own zoning to create affordable

 2   housing, that's within their jurisdiction,

 3   yes.

 4           SENATOR LIU:   Okay, great.   And then

 5   one last set of questions has to do with the

 6   new tenant reform -- the rent reform that I

 7   was very happy and proud to be a part of last

 8   year.   There was just one item in the new

 9   rent laws that are -- is harming a large part

10   of my constituency.    These are co-op owners,

11   who of course they -- under the law they are

12   classified as shareholder tenants.

13           And so they're some kind of tenant,

14   and they're swept up into the tenant reforms.

15   But in fact they're shareholder tenants,

16   meaning they basically own their apartments,

17   and they I guess legally, technically pay

18   rent to themselves.    But the problem that

19   they're faced with is that some of the

20   restrictions on the fees, the deposits,

21   et cetera, it's harming the ability for many

22   of these co-op buildings to govern

23   themselves.

24           Is there any look that your department
                                                        54

 1   is taking to see what can be done to mitigate

 2   some of the problems here?

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes, I think

 4   you're referring to part of the Housing

 5   Stability and Tenant Protection Act that is

 6   commonly referred to as Part M, which had a

 7   series of protections that were sort of

 8   outside of the rent stabilization aspects of

 9   the law.

10         We don't have any jurisdiction over

11   the condo and co-op portion of the law and

12   the changes that were made.     My understanding

13   is that -- but I certainly have heard of and

14   am aware of issues.   My understanding is that

15   many of the organizations that work with

16   co-ops and their boards are working with the

17   Attorney General's office to better

18   understand that part of the law.

19         SENATOR LIU:    Got it.    Thank you,

20   Commissioner.   And thank you, Madam Chair.

21         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Thank you.

22         Now we go to the ranker on Housing,

23   Mr. Fitzpatrick.

24         ASSEMBLYMAN FITZPATRICK:     Thank you,
                                                        55

 1   Madam Chair.

 2          Hello, Commissioner, welcome.    Has

 3   DHCR given any thought or -- about the

 4   changes to the MCIs and IAIs based on the new

 5   law?   Has there -- have you given any look at

 6   how that is working out?

 7          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I'm not sure

 8   exactly what part of it you want to me to

 9   address.    But we continue to process MCI

10   applications according to the new provisions

11   provided in the law.

12          ASSEMBLYMAN FITZPATRICK:    Have we seen

13   any impacts yet of the changes to the IAI and

14   MCI provisions?

15          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We have

16   not -- you mean in terms of applications?     Or

17   a change of what type of impact?

18          ASSEMBLYMAN FITZPATRICK:    Anything at

19   all.   Have you noticed any?

20          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I mean, it's

21   still soon, right?   The law was passed June

22   14, 2019.    Certainly in the case of an MCI, a

23   landlord has up to two years after they

24   complete the work to submit, so -- and the
                                                       56

 1   MCIs that we're processing right now are

 2   probably not MCIs that were done after the

 3   law was changed, right?   They were probably

 4   MCIs that were done prior to it.

 5         So I think it's still fairly soon in

 6   any way of data or anything to see any result

 7   of the change -- of the effects of the law.

 8         ASSEMBLYMAN FITZPATRICK:     All right.

 9   How about with respect to lead paint, mold

10   and asbestos?   The $15,000 cap, do you feel

11   that is enough to remediate those problems?

12   Or should that be higher or --

13         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Again, so we

14   haven't seen, you know, any challenges in

15   IAIs as a result of the $15,000 cap yet.    So

16   I think it's too early to tell.

17         ASSEMBLYMAN FITZPATRICK:     Okay.   And

18   have you had any municipalities around the

19   state reach out to DHCR for guidance with

20   regard to the new rental laws?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We are aware

22   that Kingston and Albany and a couple of

23   other municipalities have done -- are

24   starting to do the study in order to look at
                                                        57

 1   whether there's an emergency in the vacancy

 2   for their municipalities.    But we haven't had

 3   any -- no one has reached out to us for

 4   direct guidance on that.    I think the law

 5   provides them guidance on how to start the

 6   process.

 7           ASSEMBLYMAN FITZPATRICK:   All right.

 8   Thank you very much.

 9           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Thanks.

10           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.    We

11   now go to Assemblyman -- I'm sorry, Senator

12   Brad Hoylman.

13           SENATOR HOYLMAN:   Thank you.

14           Nice to see you, Commissioner.   I just

15   wanted to ask a couple of questions about the

16   implementation of the rent laws, if that's

17   okay.

18           As you know, in my Senate district,

19   which I share with Assemblymember Epstein,

20   there is a large housing complex, probably

21   the richest source of affordable housing in

22   the area called Stuyvesant Town and Peter

23   Cooper Village.   It includes over 11,000

24   apartments and about 25,000 residents.
                                                     58

 1         And I'm sure you're familiar with the

 2   case that dates back to 2009 where a

 3   settlement was reached between the then-owner

 4   and the tenants that specified that tenants

 5   who entered into that settlement agreement

 6   with the then-owners resulted in apartments

 7   that had been illegally deregulated prior to

 8   this decision.   And the rent stabilization

 9   terms were extended through June 2020 at the

10   same time that the owners' J-51 tax benefits

11   expired.

12         We're reaching that deadline closely,

13   as we approach June, of these J-51 tax

14   benefits, and it's led to a lot of questions

15   about whether the tenants of this class are

16   going to be held to the settlement agreement

17   or to the new rent laws that we passed that

18   repealed deregulation.

19         Is it your opinion that deregulation

20   has been repealed comprehensively?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we are

22   certainly familiar with Stuy Town and Peter

23   Cooper Village as well as with the issue.

24   It's a complex one, right, in terms of the
                                                        59

 1   relationship between the settlement and the

 2   new rent laws and what prevails.     And I think

 3   that we are also very sensitive to tenants

 4   being unsure of an outcome as they approach a

 5   lease renewal date.   And so we will continue

 6   to work with your office and the owners to

 7   address that issue.

 8           SENATOR HOYLMAN:   I do thank you for

 9   the work that you've done.    And I have to

10   give a shout out to Woody Pasquale, of

11   course, everyone's favorite employee at HCR

12   and maybe the State of New York, I don't

13   know.   But looking at the laws --

14           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I thought I

15   was your favorite employee.

16           (Laughter.)

17           SENATOR HOYLMAN:   -- more -- more

18   broadly, have you -- have you received many

19   reports of warehousing from landlords who are

20   trying to evade the short-term impacts of the

21   new rent laws?   And are you keeping track of

22   that information, and what do you plan as an

23   agency to do about it?

24           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So I have
                                                         60

 1   read the same articles you have about

 2   warehousing.   It is not something that we

 3   would see until the registration period

 4   opens, as it will in April of this year.      But

 5   even at that time I think it would probably

 6   hard to perceive the warehousing perhaps in

 7   the numbers because the system is so big.

 8         But as you know, landlords can keep

 9   apartments off the market if they so choose.

10         SENATOR HOYLMAN:    So there's no

11   regulatory approach that you're considering

12   in terms of a response to at least press

13   reports on warehousing?

14         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Again, we

15   haven't seen it and we wouldn't see it until

16   after the registration period was closed to

17   really know whether it existed or not.

18         And so it's sort of an odd economic

19   issue as to why a landlord would keep a

20   apartment off the market unless they

21   anticipated that all the laws might be undone

22   this year that were done last year.    So I

23   don't think we've perceived that people will

24   make uneconomic choices and continue to just
                                                       61

 1   hold apartments off the market.

 2           SENATOR HOYLMAN:   Thank you very much.

 3           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

 4           We go to Assemblyman Schmitt.

 5           ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:    Thank you,

 6   Chairwoman.

 7           Thank you, Commissioner, for being

 8   here.

 9           I just wanted to expand off of a

10   previous line of questioning.    Since -- given

11   the new rent laws that limit and restrict an

12   owner's ability to recover investments in an

13   apartment building, building upgrades, you

14   mentioned you really haven't seen any MCI

15   applications since post-passage of the new

16   laws.   So you haven't seen -- not one has

17   come across yet, to your knowledge?

18           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Well,

19   landlords, as I said, would have two years

20   after completing an MCI to submit an

21   application.   So if they were to do work

22   related to an MCI, they would have had to

23   start it in presumably June or July of last

24   year, completed it and already filed -- which
                                                         62

 1   would be a fairly short time frame for an

 2   MCI, which is generally a large capital

 3   improvement for a building.

 4         So I don't know specifically that we

 5   haven't received any, but I would imagine

 6   that the majority of MCIs that we have been

 7   processing in the fall -- you know, in the

 8   second half of last year, were probably MCIs

 9   that were done prior to the law changing.

10         ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:     Do you have a

11   time frame when you expect to see it, then?

12   Is it within that two-year time frame?    When

13   do you expect that we'll have some data where

14   we could be able to see is there -- what are

15   the associated dollar amounts, has there been

16   an overall decrease in the overall requests,

17   I guess.

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I mean -- as

19   I said, landlords are allowed the two-year

20   time frame.    So where they apply within that

21   is obviously driven by the landlord and/or

22   the owner.    You know, there was not a change

23   to the amount an owner can spend on MCIs.      So

24   I don't know that we would perceive
                                                       63

 1   necessarily a change in that.    But, you know,

 2   as the -- we will be supplying, as we did

 3   this year, data as required by the law on an

 4   annual basis.

 5           ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:   Now, have you

 6   received an increase in inquiries from

 7   building owners or from any parties regarding

 8   these changes, seeking guidance?    Has there

 9   been any -- you know, if you haven't

10   necessarily received the applications, has

11   there been an increase in any individual

12   trying to seek clarification, trying to see

13   what might be appropriate or seeing how --

14   what new laws may impact the long-term

15   condition of their properties?

16           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Well, I'd

17   say the MCIs had changes for both landlords

18   and tenants, right, so there was changes in

19   the way that the MCI impacts the rents as

20   well.

21           We have done a series of meetings,

22   public meetings, that tenants were invited to

23   and had open Q&A sessions.     We've also met

24   with RSA and with the Small Property Owners
                                                     64

 1   of New York and with the Community Housing

 2   Improvement Program, and various owner

 3   organizations too, to understand their

 4   questions, things they may or may not

 5   understand in the law or understand in the

 6   processing of cases.

 7         So we have been as open door, I think,

 8   as we can be to make sure that we're taking

 9   in issues and questions from all

10   stakeholders.

11         ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:   Have any --

12   going outside of New York City, have any

13   upstate cities enacted rent regulation that

14   didn't previously have it since the new laws

15   have gone into effect?

16         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     No one has

17   opted into ETPA as of yet.

18         ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:   Is there any

19   active in the Hudson Valley, upstate, that

20   are in the process in the near future that

21   would enact that?

22         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     My

23   understanding is that both Kingston and

24   Albany are in the process of undertaking
                                                        65

 1   the -- a study that is required to determine

 2   that there is a housing emergency.

 3         ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:    Are they doing

 4   that in conjunction with you, or using

 5   outside --

 6         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    No, there's

 7   no requirement that they do it with us.     They

 8   just have to perform their own -- you know,

 9   perform their own evaluation.

10         ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:    Great.   Another

11   quick question.   What projects and activities

12   are going to be funded with the new $40

13   million in federal HUD money for the Small

14   Cities Community Development Block Grant

15   program?

16         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we

17   receive at HCR about $40 million a year in

18   CBG dollars and we implement that through a

19   series of programs that are for economic

20   development and micro-enterprise and for

21   housing.   And we assist many communities

22   throughout the state to achieve their

23   priorities.   So we will continue to deploy

24   that money in 2020 as well.
                                                       66

 1            ASSEMBLYMAN SCHMITT:    Great, thank

 2   you.

 3            Thank you, Chairwoman.

 4            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

 5            I just wanted to acknowledge we were

 6   joined a while ago by Assemblywoman Aravella

 7   {sic} and Assemblywoman Walker.

 8            And before we go to the Senate, I just

 9   wanted to -- for colleagues who may have --

10   members who may have come in after we began

11   the hearing, just wanted to remind you that

12   it's the hearing on the Governor's budget.

13   Though it's tempting, with the commissioner

14   here, to move on to other non-budget-related

15   items.

16            So now we go to Senator Kaminsky.

17            SENATOR KAMINSKY:   Thank you.

18            Good afternoon, Commissioner.

19            I just wanted to turn your attention

20   to the Governor's Office of Storm Recovery.

21   Many of us here had districts that were

22   decimated in Superstorm Sandy.      And we're

23   coming up on almost 71/2 years, and many of the

24   community redevelopment projects which have
                                                       67

 1   game-changing potential are kind of mired in

 2   planning status or in some type of bidding

 3   status.    And, you know, the communities are

 4   still suffering from flooding on, you know,

 5   just regular full moons or, you know, just

 6   regular bad rains, let alone storms.

 7            And I'm wondering if GOSR is still

 8   trying to make these projects a priority,

 9   trying to get them accomplished, and what

10   efforts are being taken to help move the ball

11   along.

12            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes, thank

13   you for the question.    We are very proud of

14   the work that the Governor's Office of Storm

15   Recovery has done.

16            As you would know, the priority at the

17   beginning of the spend was really around

18   housing and helping the 11,000 people that

19   applied for assistance.    There was also a

20   multiyear planning process since the storm

21   that resulted in the identifying of all the

22   projects that are going to be done through

23   community reconstruction.

24            And so that the fact that things are
                                                     68

 1   only at 30 percent design is not a reflection

 2   of any lack of commitment to those projects,

 3   it's really just sort of where they are in

 4   the process.

 5         We still have two years till the end

 6   of the spending deadline for HUD, and so

 7   these projects are all being planned and

 8   managed to make sure that they meet that

 9   spending deadline.

10         SENATOR KAMINSKY:   And do you have

11   confidence -- I also assume that the

12   disbanding of GOSR which is proposed in the

13   budget is coterminous with when that spending

14   deadline ends, so that GOSR will be around to

15   make sure that all these projects get to the

16   finish line and across the finish line?

17         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Absolutely.

18   So GOSR will be in place through the end of

19   the spending deadline.

20         And in fact as you probably know,

21   there's a fair amount of reporting that

22   actually happens after that deadline, so we

23   will make sure that we are staffed to do all

24   the reporting required to HUD.
                                                      69

 1         SENATOR KAMINSKY:    And do you think

 2   all the specific cases with specific

 3   homeowners will be resolved by the time GOSR

 4   is planned to be disbanded?

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Yes, I would

 6   hope so.

 7         SENATOR KAMINSKY:   Okay.   I also just

 8   want to call your attention to a tremendous

 9   amount of contractor fraud that frankly, in

10   my opinion, the law has been inept and unable

11   to deal with.

12         Many of these you have to prove ahead

13   of time that a contractor knew that, when he

14   or she originally entered into a contract,

15   that fraud would ensue.   And when someone

16   goes and builds a quarter of it, takes your

17   money and goes away, you can't really make a

18   criminal case out of that.    And it's -- you

19   know, it's caused a lot of extra heartache to

20   storm victims.

21         We've tried to inject some fairness

22   and sense to the process when GOSR has been

23   dealing with those homeowners in reclamations

24   and other things.   I have a bill this year
                                                       70

 1   that would create I think a more fair statute

 2   and standard for contractor fraud after a

 3   storm disaster.     And I'd love your office to

 4   take a look at it and work with me on trying

 5   to get that -- I think we learned a lot of

 6   lessons from Sandy about fly-by-night

 7   contractors and how -- we've seen a lot of

 8   the best that comes out in people after

 9   storms, but we also see some of the worst

10   when people prey upon people in very

11   vulnerable positions.    And I think the amount

12   of contractor fraud that we've seen -- and

13   I'm sure that GOSR has interacted with -- is

14   quite concerning.

15         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We'd be

16   happy to work with you on that.

17         SENATOR KAMINSKY:     And so in -- just

18   in conclusion, your -- your -- you don't see

19   any issue with winding down GOSR and its

20   impact on the impacted storm areas and

21   affected storm areas?

22         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     The GOSR

23   team will be there to make sure that we

24   complete on all the commitments that we have
                                                      71

 1   made for not just housing, but also for the

 2   community reconstruction projects.

 3         SENATOR KAMINSKY:    Okay, thank you.

 4         And I just want to take this

 5   opportunity to compliment Betsy Mallow and

 6   all of the great work she's done overseeing a

 7   lot of this.   This is very complicated, and

 8   we have people with very difficult

 9   situations.    But thank you for working with

10   us, and we hope that we'll get these projects

11   over the finish line and help all of our

12   homeowners.

13         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

14   I appreciate that.   And thank you for

15   acknowledging my staff.

16         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

17         We go to Assemblyman Mosley.

18         And I just wanted to -- I mentioned

19   before Assemblywoman Aravella Simotas, but I

20   left out the Simotas part.

21         (Laughter.)

22         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     So Assemblyman

23   Mosley.

24         ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:     Thank you,
                                                      72

 1   Chairs.

 2         First and foremost, I'd like to thank

 3   the commissioner and your staff for always

 4   being responsive to my office and to my staff

 5   in realtime.

 6         So I'm just going to go over just

 7   three topics.   One is dealing with

 8   overcharges, leases, and major capital

 9   improvements, related to what happened in

10   last year's budget with the Tenant Protection

11   Act and how that has translated into what we

12   see today.

13         So in the past few years the

14   legislators have been discussing with you and

15   your predecessors in terms of the backlogs of

16   complaints at ORA and the Overcharge Bureau.

17   What is the average time does it take to

18   resolve an overcharge right now?

19         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Overcharge

20   cases take between 12 and 18 months.    And as

21   you might recall, one of the changes that was

22   made in the law last year was to extend the

23   period of time that we can go back to

24   ascertain a last reliable rent.    So
                                                       73

 1   previously it had been four, now it's at

 2   least six, but really it could go back much

 3   longer than that per the provisions of the

 4   law.

 5          So I would not expect to see our

 6   processing time go down as a result of those

 7   changes in the law.

 8          ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   And have the

 9   complaints that we've seen in the past with

10   regards to the Overcharge Bureau, have they

11   been diminished?   Are they starting to handle

12   these cases in a more timely fashion?

13          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Well, again,

14   I don't know that we will reduce our

15   processing time, given that now the law

16   requires us to sort of do even more.    And I

17   think it also additionally provided some

18   additional time for tenants to respond to

19   certain parts of the process.

20          ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   But the

21   complaints -- do you believe the complaints

22   have diminished in lieu of that?

23          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Do I believe

24   the complaints have been addressed?
                                                         74

 1         ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Yes.

 2         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I mean,

 3   look, we work really -- have been working

 4   very, very hard to adjust to all the changes

 5   in the new law and to be as responsive as we

 6   can, and we are sort of continuing to adjust

 7   to the -- and from a staffing and processing

 8   perspective, to what our new timelines will

 9   be for different aspects of the law.    So I

10   think it's probably a little early for us to

11   know whether we -- you know, where we will

12   sort of settle on those.

13         ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.    And how

14   many overcharge cases were processed in 2019?

15         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     In 2019?    I

16   don't have that number, but I'd be happy to

17   get back to you with it.

18         ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.    And the

19   average amount awarded to tenants?

20         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     The same.    I

21   can get back to you with those numbers.

22         ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   And can you tell

23   me about the Overcharge Bureau, how they're

24   processing cases post-Tenant Protection Act
                                                         75

 1   of 2019?    Like what's -- is there a

 2   significant change in how we're handling that

 3   process?

 4            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Well, look,

 5   the main change, right, would be that we will

 6   go back much further in time to ascertain a

 7   last reliable rent.

 8            So whether that's -- six years would

 9   suffice for the sort of base of the law or

10   whether we're going to go back 10 years or

11   15 years obviously is on a case-by-case

12   basis.    But that will certainly -- you know,

13   that takes more time, obviously, the further

14   back we go.

15            ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.   Leases.

16   Just three quick questions.    Landlords submit

17   a copy of every single lease signed by

18   tenants to HCR for recordkeeping.      Do they do

19   that now?

20            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I -- I'm not

21   sure.    I can get back to you on that.

22            ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.   And has

23   HCR updated its lease renewal forms to

24   reflect the new laws?
                                                          76

 1          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes.    So

 2   over the summer we updated our fact sheets,

 3   our advisory opinions, as well as our lease

 4   riders, so that landlords had them over the

 5   summer as they were doing lease renewals.

 6          ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.   And,

 7   Commissioner, do the new -- the lease renewal

 8   forms indicate MCI or IAI rent increases?

 9          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes, a lease

10   renewal would reflect an MCI or IAI.

11          ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   And that's

12   reflective of the actual cap on rent

13   increases, which is -- which indicates

14   preferential rent, lease status, and includes

15   any updated riders with summary of tenants'

16   rights?   Is that also in the leases as well?

17          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes, so the

18   lease would now be required to reflect, I

19   think, in what you're asking is sort of in

20   the case of like a 2 percent MCI cap rather

21   than what previously had been a 6 percent

22   cap.

23          ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.   MCIs.     The

24   MCI increase has been approved and provided a
                                                        77

 1   breakdown for the numbers statewide?       Do we

 2   have those numbers?

 3            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Numbers for

 4   how many MCIs we approved?

 5            ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Right.

 6            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yeah, I'm

 7   happy to follow up with those too.

 8            ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.    And will

 9   the reasonable cost schedule be completed by

10   June of this year?

11            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes.

12            ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   Okay.    And I

13   guess one last question.   Is it legal for a

14   landlord to refuse to rent to a tenant solely

15   because that tenant has housing subsidies or

16   other types of government vouchers?

17            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   It is not.

18   Thanks to the source-of-income law that was

19   passed last year, you cannot deny a tenant

20   based on their source of income.

21            ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:   How is HCR --

22   what is HCR doing to address that particular

23   issue?    Because that's like a systemic issue.

24            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So those
                                                       78

 1   cases would be processed by the Division of

 2   Human Rights, not by DHCR.    But we make sure,

 3   as best as we can, that everyone understands

 4   their rights, through disseminating

 5   information through our network and through

 6   working with other state agencies.

 7         ASSEMBLYMAN MOSLEY:     All right, thank

 8   you very much.

 9         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

10         To the Senate.

11         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

12         Senator Salazar.

13         SENATOR SALAZAR:     Thank you.

14         I want to follow up on some questions

15   that Senator Kavanagh asked about the

16   Executive Budget proposal designating the

17   state generally as administrator of rent

18   regulations in New York City, seemingly

19   rather than designating DHCR.   Is it your --

20   is that your assessment?

21         And is your assessment that this would

22   increase the city's costs in administering

23   the -- particularly the rent regulations

24   post-Housing Stability and Tenant Protection
                                                       79

 1   Act?   And what if any impact would you

 2   anticipate from that?

 3          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     So no, we

 4   don't believe it increased the costs of

 5   running the system to the City of New York.

 6   And that the language change is really just

 7   to allow the state to reimburse for other

 8   expenses, not just DHCR rent regulation

 9   expenses.   We do not see any change in the

10   way we operate, in the way we are funded, in

11   the way we are staffed as a result of that

12   language.

13          SENATOR SALAZAR:   Thank you.

14          CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thank you.

15          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

16          We go to Assemblywoman Rosenthal.

17          ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:     {Inaudible;

18   mic issues.}.

19          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     But I can

20   hear you if you just --

21          ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:     Okay, now

22   you can hear me.   Thank you.

23          I have questions on other issues, but

24   I just wanted to follow up on something
                                                      80

 1   Assemblymember Fitzpatrick asked.    Is lead

 2   remediation covered under an IAI, or would

 3   repairs around lead and mold be acceptable as

 4   IAIs under the old law or new law?

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I'd have to

 6   get back to you on -- I don't think there's

 7   been any change in certainly what was allowed

 8   under an IAI or an MCI --

 9         ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:    It was

10   allowed.

11         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    It -- excuse

12   me?

13         ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:    You're

14   saying it was allowed earlier?

15         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Sorry, I'm

16   saying there was no change to what was

17   allowed in an IAI, but the changes in the law

18   reflected the amount and the time frame.

19         ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:    Okay.

20   Because sometimes landlords say they can't do

21   lead remediation, or mold, because of the IAI

22   change.    But as far as you know right here,

23   no change in IAI mission, purpose, allowance?

24         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Correct.
                                                          81

 1   Right.    The changes in the law were around

 2   the dollar figure, the amortization and the

 3   rent.

 4            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   Okay.    Okay,

 5   I appreciate that.

 6            What was the budget of the Tenant

 7   Protection Unit last year?    And what is it

 8   this year.

 9            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Five-point-

10   five million dollars.

11            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   Both years?

12            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes.

13            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   So given

14   that we made such large-scale changes,

15   shouldn't TPU's budget be increased?

16            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So the TPU

17   budget, at $5.5 million, funds 29 staff

18   people.    I think that in many ways the work

19   of TPU has changed, right?    So that if no

20   more units are exiting the system, that's one

21   less --

22            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   I'm sorry,

23   no more units are exiting?

24            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Right.   So
                                                        82

 1   as a result of the elimination of the vacancy

 2   and high-income decontrol threshold, right, a

 3   lot of the work that -- the audits that TPU

 4   would do would be for looking for units

 5   illegally exiting the system.

 6         So I think that a lot of the changes

 7   that were made in the law -- we could sort of

 8   go through them one by one -- actually

 9   provide a lot more structure that -- and a

10   lot more tightening of the law so that not as

11   many units obviously can sort of -- can come

12   out of the system illegally.

13         So I think the -- while TPU's work

14   will still remain incredibly important --     to

15   date they've returned over 80,000 units back

16   into the system, which we're very proud of --

17   we don't see the changes in the law creating

18   an uptick in work for them as much as it

19   helps them narrow their focus and where

20   they're really looking for anomalies.

21         ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:     So TPU does

22   return units that were illegally

23   decontrolled, destabilized, is that right?

24         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Correct.
                                                        83

 1            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   And TPU does

 2   that for cases that TPU works on but not on

 3   individual apartment bases?    DHCR does not do

 4   that?

 5            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   TPU has sort

 6   of an audit function, right?     So they're sort

 7   of looking at the whole system and they're

 8   looking for anomalies either by landlord or

 9   by neighborhood or just by sort of rent units

10   leaving the system or rent increases that

11   don't sort of fit the formula.

12            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   Right.

13   Right.    Right.

14            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   And so now

15   that the formula has changed, their work will

16   change.

17            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   Okay.    Can

18   you tell me -- DHCR's upgrading its

19   technology, we've heard this for many years.

20   Where is that process now?

21            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we have

22   had a lot of technology changes in the past

23   year.    As you will recall, last year when I

24   sat here we had just launched Rent Connect,
                                                          84

 1   which was our online portal to allow

 2   landlords and tenants to sort of better

 3   access the agency.

 4           In the past year we have also created

 5   a data warehouse which, while sounding kind

 6   of dull, is actually sort of the back end of

 7   what will be the new front-end processing

 8   system that we're launching this year.       So it

 9   was a major step for us to be able to create

10   the data warehouse to -- for the ORA

11   database.

12           We changed the system to allow it to

13   process according to all the new rent laws,

14   so that was not sort of an insignificant

15   technology upgrade we did.    We also were

16   required by the law to create a database for

17   IAIs, so landlords now have to upload before

18   and after photos.    That was launched this

19   week.

20           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   So what's

21   left to do?

22           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Well, I'm

23   building up to the big --

24           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   I know, I'm
                                                           85

 1   running out of time.

 2            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Oh.     So the

 3   IAI database was launched on Monday, and then

 4   the last big change will be a front-end

 5   processing system for ORA.    We have been

 6   working very closely with ITS on that, and it

 7   will be completed in 2020.

 8            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   In this

 9   year?

10            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   In this

11   calendar year.

12            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   So you have

13   enough funding to complete all the upgrades.

14            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes.

15            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   Okay.    There

16   are these units called Frankenstein

17   apartments, where one -- those have been

18   created with space taken from an adjoining

19   apartment, and new apartments created from

20   the remaining space.   Owners can use this

21   practice to create apartments with first

22   rents in their attempt to deregulate multiple

23   units.

24            What is -- is DHCR tracking that?      And
                                                         86

 1   if not, what would you need in order to have

 2   the capability to track that?

 3            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So that

 4   provision is not addressed in the rent laws

 5   sort of writ large, or in the new housing act

 6   passed last year.      We will be addressing that

 7   issue in our regulations.

 8            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:    As -- can

 9   you say how?

10            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    No.

11            (Laughter.)

12            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

13            Senate.

14            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Senator Jim

15   Seward.

16            SENATOR SEWARD:   Thank you, Madam

17   Chair.

18            And thank you, Commissioner.

19            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Hi.

20            SENATOR SEWARD:   I wanted to shift

21   gears a bit to the Lake Ontario relief

22   program.    Can you provide an update on how

23   the 2019 -- I think there was $20 million for

24   the homeowner program -- how that is
                                                      87

 1   operating?   Has the money flowed?

 2           And the second part of that question

 3   would be, is that enough, considering the

 4   assistance provided to homeowners -- I think

 5   back to 2017 -- was 70 million?    I mean, is

 6   that 20 million enough?    And how is it being

 7   used?

 8           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes, I

 9   appreciate the question.   We've been working

10   very hard on all the applications that we've

11   received for the 2019 Lake Ontario program.

12           As you'll recall, the application

13   process happened late last year, the end of

14   2019.   We have been sorting through -- the

15   applications have made I think several

16   hundred awards, and are working as fast as we

17   can with the four organizations who are

18   processing the applications to get people's

19   approvals out as quickly as we can so they

20   can begin work.

21           SENATOR SEWARD:   Okay, thank you.

22           The Executive has pledged $300 million

23   for the REDI program, the Lake Ontario

24   Resiliency and Economic Development program,
                                                       88

 1   to rebuild the shoreline through that

 2   program.   And can you provide us with any

 3   kind of update on that and the plans there?

 4   How many projects have been identified?    Any

 5   money disbursed yet?

 6         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     It is a very

 7   big program, the $300 million.    And as you

 8   know, it was awarded to hundreds of projects

 9   throughout the region.   So we would be happy

10   to sit with you separately and go through

11   county by county what the priority projects

12   are, and also the ones that are -- that

13   spread obviously multiple counties -- there's

14   several large infrastructure projects that

15   benefit multiple -- to talk about where they

16   are in the process.    We are running a very

17   tight ship on that.

18         SENATOR SEWARD:    So a list does exist

19   of projects?

20         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes.

21   Absolutely.

22         SENATOR SEWARD:     Okay.   We would like

23   to reach out -- you know, we would like to

24   get the list of those, because a number of
                                                       89

 1   our members are -- that border the lake are

 2   very interested in those.

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Great.

 4         SENATOR SEWARD:    One final question on

 5   that topic.    The -- I note in the Executive's

 6   budget there's a reappropriation of

 7   $100 million for the REDI program.     But

 8   where's the other $200 million coming from?

 9   Where is that appropriated, or where is that

10   coming from?

11         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I don't know

12   the technical sort of budget of where the

13   money is located.   But there is a -- for sure

14   a $300 million commitment to the program

15   overall.

16         SENATOR SEWARD:    So you can't share

17   with us where the --

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Yeah, I'm

19   not aware of sort of technically where the

20   funding lives in the budget.    As I -- we sort

21   of speak mostly to the housing aspect of it.

22         SENATOR SEWARD:    I wanted to shift --

23   I know some discussion earlier on the

24   Governor's Office of Storm Recovery.    I note
                                                        90

 1   that the Executive's Budget does not include

 2   any new appropriations for that office.      I

 3   mean, why is this?   Is the job done or --

 4            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   We are

 5   continuing to work through the balance of the

 6   housing in the community reconstruction and

 7   the infrastructure projects.      So since we

 8   still have some time to go as those work

 9   their way through the process, and we don't

10   have final budget numbers for many of those

11   projects -- which again is not a concern,

12   it's just where we are in the process, and we

13   have two years left to go.      So as we better

14   define those budgets for all projects that

15   are remaining, we will have a better idea of

16   what the budget -- if there's a sort of a net

17   budget need there.

18            SENATOR SEWARD:   Can you share with us

19   what type of projects and improvements are

20   being funded with that -- the appropriations

21   of the past?   And how is this money being

22   spent?    I mean, we're almost a decade after

23   Lee, Irene and Sandy.      What type of projects

24   are being funded?
                                                        91

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure.     So as

 2   you would recall, the bulk of the money was

 3   spent on homeowners for the -- in the initial

 4   years of the project.   So the things that we

 5   are focused on now are a series of 200

 6   community reconstruction projects that are

 7   sort of all different shapes and scales.    It

 8   could be a microgrid project, it could be a

 9   shoreline hardening, it could be elevation of

10   a firehouse or a hardening of sort of a

11   firehouse.

12         So they run the gamut from small,

13   medium to big and vary, obviously, in

14   complexity.   And so we'd be happy to sit with

15   you and talk through the projects in whatever

16   order makes sense to you.   But for sure

17   there's a very diverse set of community

18   reconstruction projects.

19         SENATOR SEWARD:   Once again, a list

20   would be -- would be great.

21         One real quick question regarding the

22   Housing Development Fund increase.   The

23   Executive Budget increases funding for -- to

24   be used for improved farmworker housing.    Can
                                                        92

 1   you explain the program and the reason for

 2   the increase?

 3          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Mm-hmm.    So

 4   we work with Farm Credit East, which is a

 5   lender that lends to agricultural producers

 6   and farms.   And the funding is available as a

 7   low-cost revolving loan to either buy,

 8   renovate or construct farmworker housing.

 9          SENATOR SEWARD:   Thank you.

10          CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:   Thank you.

11          Assembly.

12          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

13          I also just want to remind members, as

14   we have at each hearing, to make sure your

15   mic is off when you're not speaking.     We are

16   hearing from people who are streaming, who

17   are watching this online, that they are

18   hearing voices other than the two main

19   speakers.

20          So now we go to Assemblywoman Niou.

21   New.

22          ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:     Hello.   Can you

23   hear me?    Great.

24          So actually our Housing chairs asked
                                                      93

 1   some really important questions about NYCHA's

 2   operating deficit.   NYCHA's operating deficit

 3   is currently $40 billion.    NYCHA provides

 4   affordable housing to 600,000 of some of the

 5   state's most vulnerable households.

 6         You know, Brian had asked a question

 7   about whether or not they were in the budget

 8   at all, and they're not.    Why are these

 9   households ignored in our State Budget?

10         And also, my Housing chair had asked

11   about the public housing upstate, and they're

12   also left out of the budget.    So why have

13   these housing authorities been left out of

14   the conversation?    And what are we doing to

15   basically making sure that every public

16   housing resident in New York State has safe

17   living conditions?

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Yes.

19   Obviously we care very much about our public

20   housing residents across the state.

21         I would note, as you know, that

22   there's $650 million that has been

23   appropriated in the last several years for

24   NYCHA specifically; $100 million of that has
                                                       94

 1   been spent.    There's $450 million that was

 2   pending the appointment of the federal

 3   monitor.   As you recall, there was a lot of

 4   discussion last year about the appointment of

 5   the federal monitor and the funds being

 6   released from the state.

 7           So that monitor has finally signed off

 8   on the spending plan for the $450 million --

 9           ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:    I know about the

10   500 million.   I just -- what I'm asking is

11   when the deficit is in the $40 billion range,

12   why we are giving so little.     And we haven't

13   provided anything this budget.

14           So New York State developed and funded

15   its own public housing developments until

16   1990.   However, the state has since abandoned

17   its financial commitment to these projects.

18   This divestment has cost New York City

19   $60 million a year.

20           So would you agree that New York State

21   should actually step up to fully fund state

22   public housing?

23           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we have

24   spent over $100 million in the last two years
                                                     95

 1   working with upstate public housing

 2   authorities on their capital needs.   We have

 3   funding left in that budget line, and we have

 4   an additional $20 million from the

 5   Legislature last year.   So we will continue

 6   to work with the upstate housing authorities

 7   to address their capital needs.

 8         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:     But do you

 9   believe that we should fully fund state

10   public housing?

11         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I'm not

12   totally sure what you mean.   So we -- they

13   are -- there's -- let me sort of step back

14   for a second.   There's two types of public

15   housing in the rest of the state, right?

16   There's federal public housing that is --

17   receives their operating capital money from

18   the federal government, and then there's a

19   very small section of state public housing

20   that we have oversight of that's about -- I

21   think it's about 1500 units around the state.

22   And we work very closely with those state

23   housing authorities, both on their capital

24   needs -- we have, as you recall, a public
                                                       96

 1   housing modernization budget line in our

 2   budget that's $6 million a year, and we

 3   deploy that year over year to those state

 4   public housing authorities to make sure that

 5   they can make capital repairs.

 6         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      Are you open to

 7   exploring new state-funded public housing

 8   programs?

 9         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     As I said,

10   we have funding in our budget that we would

11   certainly continue to spend down.    And once

12   that is done, I think -- I'm sure there will

13   be a broader conversation about new resources

14   for all affordable housing.

15         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      So like -- but

16   are you open to exploring new programs for

17   state-funded public housing?

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I'd be happy

19   to talk to you about that, yeah.

20         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      And what is your

21   position on new revenue streams, like

22   eliminating 421-a and passing a tax on

23   private equity or like mezzanine debt in

24   order to fund public housing?
                                                       97

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I haven't

 2   read those bills, so I'm not familiar with

 3   the details of them.

 4         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:     I mean, we know

 5   what 421-a is.   Are you open to eliminating

 6   it?

 7         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I think

 8   421-a has been for a very long time the major

 9   stimulus for the production of rental housing

10   in the city.   So I think if you're going to

11   eliminate it, there should be certainly

12   discussion about how rental housing would get

13   developed in New York City.

14         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:     Yeah, 421-a costs

15   our state billions annually, actually.    And

16   how can we justify this expenditure to

17   corporate landlords like, for example, The

18   Related Group to build Hudson Yards, when our

19   public housing is actually in such massive

20   disrepair?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Again, I

22   think you'd have to look at the consequences

23   of eliminating it on the production of

24   housing overall.
                                                     98

 1         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:   What is the

 2   administration's position on the Rental

 3   Assistance Demonstration program?

 4         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So at HCR we

 5   financed the first RAD project that was done

 6   by the New York City Housing Authority, but

 7   we have also financed multiple RAD

 8   transactions around the state.   And in every

 9   case the leveraging -- the changing of the

10   public housing operating subsidy to basically

11   what is essentially a Section 8 contract

12   allows those public housing authorities to

13   access capital that otherwise they would

14   never be able to reach, and to do really

15   significant long-term capital improvements.

16         So from my perspective, as the goal is

17   to make sure that those properties stay in

18   good condition for the low-income residents

19   who in them, RAD has been one of the few

20   tools that the federal government has really

21   provided over the last decade to be able to

22   allow public housing authorities to make

23   significant investments in their properties.

24         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:   Do you believe
                                                         99

 1   that there are other pathways or options that

 2   the state can provide public housing

 3   residents, you know, funding without

 4   privatization?

 5            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I think that

 6   the significance of the RAD program has been

 7   leverage and that you will never get as much

 8   sort of state, you know -- or never get as

 9   much direct investment using just public

10   dollars as you can when you can leverage

11   other sources.     So I think it's a

12   conversation.

13            ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:     Thank you.

14            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

15            Senate.

16            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

17   Senator Myrie.

18            SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you, Madam

19   Chair.

20            Thank you, Commissioner.     I want to

21   publicly thank you and your staff for working

22   very closely with us, particularly the

23   members in Brooklyn, on the Vital Brooklyn

24   developments and for other local
                                                       100

 1   developments.    Thank you very much for your

 2   work and cooperation on that.

 3         I want to focus my line of questioning

 4   on homeownership, and I want to talk about

 5   two things.    First, HOPP funding.   And so as

 6   you know better than most, the foreclosure

 7   crisis, while it had a severe impact all over

 8   the nation and of course the state, black and

 9   brown communities felt that in a severe way.

10   We are still feeling the remnants of that

11   crisis, and HOPP funding has been critical to

12   keeping homeowners in their homes.     It has

13   been the first line of defense for things

14   like deed theft and foreclosure.

15         And so I'm wondering if you could

16   explain why that funding is not in this

17   Executive Budget and why we continue to have

18   this shift.    As you know, this used to be in

19   the budget and in 2012 was shifted to AG

20   settlements.    And so I'm hoping that we can

21   have a discussion about why that's not in the

22   budget.

23         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes, thank

24   you for your comments about Vital Brooklyn.
                                                       101

 1   We are very excited about all the work that

 2   we are doing there.

 3            Foreclosures is certainly something

 4   that weighs on us, and we keep an eye on it.

 5   I think I read, as did you, that foreclosures

 6   are down 20 percent, which it would be better

 7   if they were down 100 percent, but we'll take

 8   20 percent as at least a little bit of a

 9   reprieve for the moment.

10            We had this conversation last year

11   about the HOPP program.    And as I understand

12   it, the program is funded for half of this

13   coming year.    The annual need is $20 million,

14   and there's 10.    And we would expect that

15   that -- to have conversation about the

16   balance of that funding over the course of

17   the budget process.

18            SENATOR MYRIE:   And do you believe

19   that this is funding that we should be going

20   back and forth about every year, or should

21   this be a line item in the budget?    Should

22   this come out of the AG settlements, given

23   the importance of keeping folks in their

24   homes?
                                                      102

 1            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   As you

 2   noted, it's been run by the Attorney

 3   General's office for the last six to eight

 4   years.    So I think to the extent that it

 5   stays there or transitions into the state is

 6   a conversation to be had through the process.

 7            SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you.   And

 8   speaking of ownership, in the HSTPA last year

 9   there's a provision on the rent to own

10   concept for manufactured homes, which we were

11   very proud to legislate and to see

12   implemented.    And it is a concept that I

13   believe is important not just to folks in

14   manufactured homes, but also to renters in

15   the city that would love to have the

16   opportunity to own as well.

17            I think there are many folks that are

18   of the opinion, including myself, that

19   ownership is the strongest anchor against

20   gentrification and displacement, and so we

21   are having discussions both publicly and

22   privately around what that might look like

23   for renters.

24            I know that these are programs that
                                                      103

 1   have had some facsimiles in localities in the

 2   past where the government provides some

 3   subsidies for financing to allow tenants the

 4   opportunity to own.    And I was wondering if

 5   you could speak to your experience or

 6   thoughts on both the opportunity for tenants

 7   to own and what your thoughts are on the

 8   limited co-op equity model.

 9            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we

10   certainly have a lot of programs that address

11   homeownership and agree, you know, it is --

12   while New York City tends to be opposite from

13   the rest of the state, right, there is a sort

14   of strong homeownership component across the

15   state.

16            So we spend a lot of money on our HC

17   program in New York City and outside to

18   guarantee home ownership.   And we also, while

19   not necessarily always talked about in the

20   budget, run the State of New York Mortgage

21   Agency, where we assist thousands of

22   homeowners every year to achieve first-time

23   homeownership by providing long-term,

24   low-cost mortgages.    And we are increasing
                                                       104

 1   our marketing efforts in minority

 2   communities, especially at a time where there

 3   seems to be an obvious disparity in lending

 4   across the state.

 5         So we are very focused on this issue

 6   and are putting our resources behind it, and

 7   we would be happy to work with you more

 8   closely on programs and opportunities.

 9         SENATOR MYRIE:    Great.   And if I

10   could, in the last 30 seconds, there has been

11   discussion on the numbers of evictions that

12   have gone down, attributed to what we passed

13   last year.   And I was wondering if HCR had

14   any numbers that they could provide on the

15   effects on evictions since the HSTPA has been

16   passed.

17         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We don't

18   sort of have oversight on evictions, so we

19   don't have data on that.

20         SENATOR MYRIE:    Great.   Thank you.

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:      Thanks.

22         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

23         Assembly.

24         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      We were joined
                                                       105

 1   earlier by Assemblyman Ortiz.

 2         We go to Assemblyman Epstein for

 3   questions.

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:     Thank you,

 5   Commissioner, for all you do.    And appreciate

 6   you taking the time to be with us today.

 7         So as you heard earlier, we spent --

 8   we created such massive change in the rent

 9   laws last year.    I'm wondering why the

10   Governor's office and your office hasn't

11   decided to put money into tenant education,

12   funding community-based organizations who can

13   get the word out about the changes in the

14   rent law.

15         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We do a lot

16   of public work on the rent laws, as I had

17   mentioned earlier, and -- both myself and

18   also my staff.    And we are constantly in

19   communities and in neighborhoods and

20   providing resources everywhere we can to make

21   sure people understand their rights as it

22   relates to the law, and we're happy to

23   continue doing that.

24         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:     Yeah, and I
                                                       106

 1   appreciate that.    But as -- you know, we're

 2   governments, and not everyone trusts

 3   governments, so there are community-based

 4   organizations around who have much more

 5   ability to get to communities that are harder

 6   to reach.     I'm wondering why there was a

 7   decision not to fund those groups in this

 8   proposed budget.

 9           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   It's not

10   something we have done before.     So I'm not

11   sure if you're suggesting that it was

12   something that we had been committed to or

13   not any longer.    I think we're -- we're happy

14   to talk about what that would look like.

15   It's just not something we've done in the

16   past.

17           ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:   Great, I'm glad

18   to hear that.     I'll follow up with you later

19   about that.

20           And so source-of-income discrimination

21   laws were passed last year in the budget, so

22   we have a statewide source of income

23   discrimination {sic}.    And, you know,

24   obviously we've heard the stories of what's
                                                      107

 1   happening on Long Island, housing

 2   discrimination is rampant.   And I'm wondering

 3   why we didn't see a large effort to put money

 4   into education and enforcement on housing

 5   discrimination that's clearly happening all

 6   across our state based on source of income.

 7         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we also

 8   saw the Newsday article, as many people did,

 9   about the broker discrimination in

10   Long Island.

11         I think we have a lot of guardrails in

12   place for our part around fair housing as it

13   relates to our multifamily development, and

14   so feel confident that fair housing laws are

15   being followed.   I think source of income is

16   an incredible resource layered on top of

17   that, to give people a tool and also

18   knowledge and understanding of what their

19   rights are, which they oftentimes don't have.

20         And for our part, on our single-family

21   side, we do a lot of outreach and education,

22   especially in disadvantaged communities, to

23   make sure that people have access to credit

24   and understand what our programs are so they
                                                       108

 1   can then ask for them.   Our lending in

 2   African-American communities trends with the

 3   state population, so we don't have a

 4   disparity in our efforts per se and try to

 5   make sure that from a marketing perspective

 6   we are out there and making people aware of

 7   our products.

 8         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    And I do

 9   appreciate that.   I just think -- just to be

10   honest, I think we need to do more.    Clearly

11   source-of-income discrimination is happening,

12   housing discrimination is happening across

13   the state.   I'd love to see your agency step

14   up and do much more aggressive education,

15   enforcement, especially since we see so much

16   discrimination happening around housing and

17   housing discrimination, and especially around

18   source of income discrimination.

19         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     As you know,

20   the Department of Human Rights has the

21   enforcement over fair housing.     We work very

22   closely with them to make sure that we're

23   communicating -- anytime something is raised

24   to us or anytime we see something, that we
                                                      109

 1   are referring it to DHR so that they can

 2   enforce.

 3         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    I just want to

 4   follow up with similar questions raised by my

 5   colleague Ms. Niou.   And you mentioned RAD

 6   and, you know, how some of the programs are

 7   successful.

 8         I'm wondering about focusing on RAD

 9   with nonprofit developers.   We've seen, in my

10   district and my community, concerns around

11   RAD and those resources being sent to

12   for-profit developers.   I'm wondering around

13   ensuring that RAD and the resources that

14   we're putting in there create nonprofit

15   partners and we're really funding and

16   supporting those nonprofit community-based

17   organizations that are doing and preserving

18   affordable housing.

19         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I mean,

20   certainly I think the examples that some

21   people see in New York City probably have

22   more private developers.

23         Certainly from my perspective, as we

24   see this work happening across the state,
                                                        110

 1   that's not the norm, and that there are

 2   certainly a mix.   There's many, many

 3   nonprofits who work with not only housing

 4   authorities on RAD -- but also any other sort

 5   of federally funded Section 202 or anything

 6   else that wants to RAD, there's often strong

 7   nonprofit partners who do that work as well.

 8         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    Great.    And, you

 9   know, we're running out of time.    Just

10   quickly, just -- I know Senator Hoylman

11   raised the concerns just making sure that,

12   post-Roberts, that those units are remaining

13   in rent regulation.   You know, we have some

14   concerns that we don't want to lose any units

15   from rent regulation.

16         I assume you share that position that

17   we don't want -- if -- once a unit is

18   regulated, as long as it's not coming out

19   because it wasn't regulated before, six or

20   more built before '74, we're taking the

21   position that they remain in rent regulation.

22   Is that your understanding as well?

23         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I think in

24   the case of Stuy Town, as Senator Hoylman
                                                      111

 1   said, it's certainly complicated as it

 2   relates to the settlement documents.    And

 3   we'll continue to work on that.

 4          ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    Great.   Thank

 5   you.   And just for my last few seconds, just

 6   making sure that as we go forward -- I know

 7   homelessness is a huge problem, and the

 8   ability to deal with some of the

 9   homelessness.    We'd love to see you and your

10   agencies create a bigger commitment to deal

11   with the over 90,000 people who are homeless

12   and really making institutional commitments

13   to deal with the homelessness problem we've

14   seen continue to rise instead of decrease

15   over the last 10 years.

16          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Yeah, I

17   mean, we're committed to spending the balance

18   of our supportive housing dollars just to

19   make sure we can build every unit we can with

20   the dollars we have, and to stretch those

21   dollars as far as we can to provide as much

22   housing as possible.

23          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

24          Senate?
                                                        112

 1            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:    Thank you.

 2            Senator Robert Jackson.

 3            SENATOR JACKSON:   Good afternoon,

 4   Commissioner.    How are you?

 5            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Good, thank

 6   you.

 7            SENATOR JACKSON:   Good to see you and

 8   your staff here.    And thank you for your

 9   leadership of HCR.

10            I have a couple of questions quickly.

11   Last year I believe we allocated about

12   $8 million for the Code Enforcement Unit.

13   That money -- tell me what have you done with

14   that money so far.    Have you expanded the

15   staff?    And exactly where around the state or

16   specific locations?

17            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Is this the

18   expansion in ORA?

19            SENATOR JACKSON:   I'm sorry, say that

20   again?

21            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Do you mean

22   our expansion of the rent office?

23            SENATOR JACKSON:   Of the code

24   enforcement office, yeah.      If that's the
                                                      113

 1   rental office, then yes.    I'm talking about

 2   code enforcement, really.

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Oh, for TPU,

 4   for the Tenant Protection Unit?

 5         SENATOR JACKSON:     I'm sorry, it's the

 6   Code Enforcement Unit.

 7         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I can talk a

 8   little bit about our efforts around the state

 9   to make sure that we are -- from the lens of

10   TPU, that we're making sure that landlords

11   are following the building codes and the rent

12   stabilization laws.

13         SENATOR JACKSON:     Have you expanded

14   the staff, considering that you got

15   $8 million more in the budget?

16         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So we

17   have --

18         SENATOR JACKSON:     And if so, how many

19   staff have you added?

20         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Yup, sure.

21   So we last year at this time had 10 housing

22   inspectors who go out and do inspections for

23   the Office of Rent Administration, and we

24   have expanded that staff by three in place
                                                          114

 1   already, and we have another fourth person

 2   that will be hired by the end of March.        And

 3   we think 14 is a right-sizing for that

 4   division based on the number of inspections

 5   we do.

 6            SENATOR JACKSON:   And is that

 7   additional staff in New York City, or is it

 8   in Rochester or Syracuse or other areas?

 9   Where, where at?

10            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Those are in

11   New York City, but they cover the New York

12   City and the surrounding counties.

13            SENATOR JACKSON:   Around where?

14            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    The Office

15   of Rent Administration would cover New York

16   City and Rockland, Nassau and Westchester

17   Counties.    That's their jurisdiction.

18            SENATOR JACKSON:   Okay.   And what

19   about -- do you have code enforcement up in

20   Rochester, New York?

21            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   We do not

22   have a code enforcement office in Rochester.

23            SENATOR JACKSON:   Okay.   Great.     So

24   you must be aware that the real estate -- the
                                                      115

 1   landlords filed a lawsuit against the rent

 2   laws that were passed and the Governor signed

 3   into law.   Is your office involved with that,

 4   and to what extent?

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I believe

 6   four different people have filed lawsuits

 7   against myself, my agency and various other

 8   parties as a result of the rent laws that

 9   were passed in June of 2019, and we are being

10   represented by the Attorney General's office

11   in those cases.

12         SENATOR JACKSON:   And so you're

13   working with the Attorney General's office

14   regarding whatever information she needs in

15   order to represent you and the stability of

16   those rent laws that we passed, is that

17   correct?

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Absolutely.

19         SENATOR JACKSON:   Okay.   I'm going to

20   ask you a question, understanding the time.

21   According to the financial plan, there was

22   over $33.8 million for the fire prevention

23   and code enforcement account by the year end

24   2021, but there is only an appropriation
                                                       116

 1   amount out of this account of $2.17 million

 2   in the Department of State aid to localities

 3   budget.     Why is such a small amount of this

 4   account authorized for disbursement?       And

 5   what is this appropriation anticipated to be

 6   used for?

 7           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I would have

 8   to get back to you on all those facts and

 9   figures.    I'm not that familiar with those.

10           SENATOR JACKSON:   Okay, would you get

11   back to central staff on that, if you don't

12   mind?

13           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure,

14   mm-hmm.

15           SENATOR JACKSON:   Because I want to

16   say to you the Senate has recently introduced

17   a comprehensive code enforcement bill package

18   that could result in additional costs to the

19   state associated with the necessity of

20   enforcement and administrative oversight

21   matters.    And do you think, though, that if

22   in fact there's an appropriate utilization of

23   the excess funds in this account to be used

24   for fire prevention and code enforcement?
                                                       117

 1           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   We'd be

 2   happy to talk further with you about that.

 3           SENATOR JACKSON:   Okay, sure, if you

 4   can get back to central staff on that, I

 5   appreciate that.

 6           And my last one is concerning the

 7   education that it talks about segregation in

 8   schools and housing.   Do you track and keep

 9   account of which owners have been found

10   guilty of discriminatory practices?   And

11   where's that list at, if you have it?

12           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   No, we do

13   not have a -- I'm sorry, do we track owners

14   that have been accused of?    I'm sorry.

15           SENATOR JACKSON:   No, not only

16   accused, but have been found to discriminate.

17           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   We as -- and

18   sort of depending on which part of our agency

19   you're referring to, but as we lend to

20   private developers to build or preserve

21   affordable housing, we do a background check

22   and that to ensure anybody that was found

23   to --

24           SENATOR JACKSON:   But those that are
                                                     118

 1   found guilty, does your office keep a list of

 2   those landlords, owners, that have been found

 3   to discriminate in housing?   And if not, I

 4   would truly recommend that that be the case.

 5         It needs to be known that landlords

 6   have discriminated of people against their

 7   income or because they're black, they're

 8   white, they're yellow, green or blue.

 9   Discrimination is discrimination.   And I

10   believe that your office should keep a list

11   of those and make that public on your

12   website.   So I ask you to do that and take

13   that into consideration, because a number of

14   our members are working on legislation aimed

15   at combating discrimination in housing and

16   the rental real estate market.

17         And so I want to know, has your office

18   taken the time to review those proposals and

19   if so, do you have any thoughts or comments

20   on this particular matter?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I have been

22   very focused on my budget testimony, so I

23   have not familiarized myself with that

24   legislation.   But for sure, as we get past
                                                         119

 1   the budget, I will do that.

 2            SENATOR JACKSON:   Then I'm going to

 3   ask central staff to follow up with your

 4   office about this particular matter.

 5            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Great.

 6            SENATOR JACKSON:     And thank you for

 7   your time.

 8            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

 9            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Assembly.

10            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Assemblyman

11   Blake.

12            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Commissioner, good

13   to see you.    And thank you for you and your

14   team, as we all spend a lot of time with

15   Concourse Village and many places,

16   respectively.

17            Commissioner, for the sake of time, a

18   few quick questions.   Have you or your team

19   been able to review the federal monitor's

20   quarterly reports that they have one?        They

21   just did a third quarterly, but have you been

22   able to review the first, second or third?

23            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I have -- we

24   have read them.    Not the most recent one, but
                                                     120

 1   I have read the first and second one.

 2         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Within the report

 3   it comments around 148 elevators, 108 boilers

 4   and the challenges around lead, in particular

 5   134,000 apartments that have lead, 52,000

 6   common areas that are lead-based.

 7         I'm trying to understand, the

 8   $100 million that has been allocated last

 9   year, who within state government is

10   overseeing that negotiation?   You said

11   earlier today that you are not a part of that

12   currently.

13         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I believe

14   that the Executive works directly with NYCHA

15   and the funding has to date been reimbursed

16   by DASNY.

17         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    So just very

18   clearly, who specifically within the

19   Executive is leading the effort of the $100

20   million on NYCHA?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I'd have to

22   get back to you on that.   I don't know.

23         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    When can someone

24   get back to us on that?
                                                     121

 1           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Shortly.

 2           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Shortly being a

 3   week?

 4           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   We'll get

 5   back to you as soon as we know.

 6           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Moving forward,

 7   what is the specific rationale for zero

 8   dollars for NYCHA capital in this budget,

 9   given the concerning and glaring need for

10   NYCHA improvements?

11           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   As I had

12   said earlier, there's still $450 million that

13   have yet to be spent, and there's another

14   100 million for which I'm not sure a plan has

15   been submitted yet for review.

16           So I think the idea would be to spend

17   down some of that before additional funding

18   is provided.

19           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Respectfully,

20   Commissioner, we always would have additional

21   funding for other matters even if we have not

22   spent down on those items.    The 450 had a

23   clear responsibility towards it.    So given

24   the continuing need, why would there be a
                                                        122

 1   rationale of zero for NYCHA capital when

 2   there is more need than the 450?

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Again, I

 4   think that that funding has to be begun to be

 5   spent, and a plan would need to be submitted

 6   for the 100 that remains from last year.

 7         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:     I'm just trying to

 8   understand.     Based upon -- when you said that

 9   has to be spent, the approval from the

10   federal monitor was for the 450.

11         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Right.

12         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:     So I'm asking

13   about additional funding.    I'm just trying to

14   understand, what was the state's position as

15   to why there's a rationale for zero dollars?

16         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     I believe

17   since the work on the 450 hasn't begun and a

18   plan for the 100 has not been submitted yet,

19   that there's still some time for those funds

20   to be expended before additional funds would

21   be allocated.

22         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:     Just on the

23   record, the 450 has begun.     That's why I was

24   referencing the 148 elevators, the 108
                                                       123

 1   boilers itself.

 2           You had mentioned that HCR does not

 3   have oversight on eviction.    If not, then who

 4   does?

 5           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I believe

 6   that information would live with the court

 7   system.   But it's not -- it's an area that we

 8   have jurisdiction over.

 9           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Is there a reason

10   why HCR would not be the entity that would

11   have data on evictions for the state?

12           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Well,

13   evictions are done through the court, so I

14   think the court maintains that data.

15           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   But in part -- I

16   mean, that's part of the reason why we

17   created the changes last year, respectfully.

18   So is it to say that there is no one within

19   the state that would be able to provide us

20   information on evictions?

21           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I could --

22   I'm not sure of that.   I think -- I believe

23   all that information lives within the court

24   system.
                                                      124

 1         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Understand.    For

 2   Opportunity Zones themselves, obviously

 3   they're tracts primarily in communities of

 4   high impact of poverty.    Just want to

 5   understand, does the administration have a

 6   position on whether you support or oppose

 7   legislation to ensure affordable housing

 8   within the Opportunity Zone tracts?

 9   Since that's currently not mandated.

10         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We have

11   found -- although happy to discuss more --

12   that the overlay of affordable housing

13   production in Opportunity Zones is more

14   complicated than it would seem at first

15   blush, given the timelines as Opportunity

16   Zones and our mandate and goal that

17   affordable housing is very long term.

18         So we have not seen a lot of

19   production coming to us of affordable housing

20   in Opportunity Zones.

21         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Just to state for

22   the record that in Charleston they announced

23   about two weeks ago -- and I would encourage

24   your team to review this -- legislation being
                                                        125

 1   produced to ensure affordable housing to

 2   occur within Opportunity Zones, which we

 3   think that would have to be absolutely

 4   necessary.

 5            On Mitchell-Lama, could you just give

 6   a top line of the amount that was spent on

 7   Mitchell-Lama for the year last year?      And

 8   equally, any ballpark on Mitchell-Lama

 9   funding within the Bronx?

10            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I don't know

11   the Bronx number, although I'd be happy to

12   get back to you on that.

13            We had $75 million in the original

14   housing plan, and we have spent about 60,

15   65 percent of that already.     Although

16   sometimes not all of the properties will need

17   subsidy dollars; sometimes we can do them

18   with tax credits alone.

19            So happy to get back to you on how

20   many Mitchell-Lamas we have financed in

21   total.

22            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Is there a dollar

23   amount in this year's proposal for

24   Mitchell-Lama funding that you all have
                                                      126

 1   proposed?

 2         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     No.   We

 3   still have money to spend --

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   From the

 5   previous --

 6         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     From the

 7   previous, mm-hmm.

 8         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   But going back to

 9   the previous point, we always would put forth

10   more funding when there's additional need.

11   So I'm just trying to understand, what is the

12   rationale for not having more funding toward

13   Mitchell-Lama this year?

14         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We have two

15   years left to go to spend down that.     So I

16   think -- I suspect we'll be having this

17   conversation at this time next year as well.

18         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Okay.    And then

19   just in conclusion, just for clarity

20   purposes, is there anyone within your team

21   that is responsible for assessing the

22   progress of the federal monitor's findings

23   for the $450 million and the $100 million and

24   the other concerning items that are going on
                                                       127

 1   with NYCHA?   Since we have provided this

 2   funding, who is the individual responsible to

 3   give us progress reports on heat, lead and

 4   mold?

 5           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We will get

 6   back to you on that.

 7           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Senate?

 8           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

 9           Senator Kavanagh, second round, to

10   end.

11           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, Chairs.

12           And thank you for your patience with

13   the many questions.    And I would note that as

14   Chairwoman Weinstein mentioned, this is a

15   budget hearing and we have some off-budget

16   conversations.

17           But I actually want to clarify

18   something that arose from one of those

19   conversations, which is we had several

20   questions today about the new rules with

21   respect to IAIs and the extent to which they

22   might hinder people from correcting mold

23   conditions and other maintenance issues.

24           Just can you clarify, the IAI law --
                                                        128

 1   IAIs have never been available for routine

 2   repairs -- mold remediation, that sort of

 3   thing -- as a project.   Right?     And nothing

 4   had changed with respect to people's ability

 5   to use IAIs for that, in that they couldn't

 6   use them before and presumably can't use them

 7   now.   Is that your understanding?

 8          COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Correct.

 9   The changes to the law around IAIs were

10   around amortization, capping the amount, the

11   term of the benefit.

12          SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Great.    Okay.   And

13   so I'll just end again by thanking you and

14   just noting that, you know, as my colleague

15   Michael Blake in the Assembly was noting, you

16   know, many of us view the needs particularly

17   of public housing in New York and other

18   places, but several of the capital needs that

19   we've talked about, as kind of ongoing needs

20   where we would expect and we have fought for

21   additional infusions of money.

22          You know, the idea that we delayed the

23   spending of $450 million for several years as

24   a reason not to allocate new money this year
                                                          129

 1   is -- you know, is not -- is something that I

 2   think we'll be having a further conversation

 3   about during the process.

 4            But again, I thank you for all of your

 5   work and for your patience with all of us

 6   today.

 7            COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Thanks.

 8            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

 9            We go to Aravella Simotas.

10            ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMOTAS:    Thank you,

11   Commissioner, for joining us today.

12            New Yorkers who experience domestic

13   violence oftentimes can't get out of their

14   abusive environments because they have

15   nowhere else to go, they have no other

16   options, they have to stay with their abuser

17   because they won't have a place to live.        In

18   the past budgets we have prioritized creating

19   housing opportunities for DV survivors, and I

20   know that this budget does so as well.

21            I want to ask specifically how much is

22   the state -- is the Governor wanting to

23   prioritize capital expenses for --

24   specifically for DV survivors?
                                                      130

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So as you

 2   probably know, there is, within the Empire

 3   State Supportive Housing Initiative -- which

 4   is the service dollars that drive the

 5   supportive housing creation for HCR -- there

 6   is funding available for DV populations and

 7   for services to serve those.   It's certainly

 8   very important to us to make sure that those

 9   projects are funded.

10         So as organizations receive those

11   operating awards, they come to us for

12   capital.   And so we have done -- I'd be happy

13   to get back to you the number, about how many

14   we have done over the last several years.

15   But we are -- have done in the past and will

16   continue to finance housing for survivors of

17   domestic violence.

18         ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMOTAS:    And what would

19   be the process if there is a DV survivor who

20   wants to look for other options to get out of

21   their situation?   How would they apply for

22   this type of housing?   And how is that -- how

23   are those slots prioritized for these

24   survivors?
                                                       131

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So the

 2   organizations that get the contracts, so

 3   the -- you know, often what our supportive

 4   housing providers that specialize in domestic

 5   violence survivors, they will run processes

 6   to pull women and their families from the

 7   shelters that are specifically for domestic

 8   violence survivors, and have other ways that

 9   they can access people in the community.     So

10   they control that process, as long as they

11   follow fair housing and other guidelines that

12   we require.   They are predominantly looking

13   to take people from the domestic violence

14   system into their permanent housing.

15         And we work closely with those

16   organizations so that they can meet their

17   objectives as they do that.

18         ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMOTAS:   And is there

19   money allocated in this budget for education?

20   Because oftentimes, as I mentioned when we

21   began, DV people who are caught in the cycle

22   don't know that this -- that these housing

23   opportunities are available -- would be

24   available to them, and sometimes they won't
                                                       132

 1   get out of their scenario because they just

 2   won't have a place to live.

 3           You know, they're going to become

 4   homeless, and they choose not to do so and

 5   not to take the -- all of the resources that

 6   are available to them to get out of their

 7   situation.

 8           But do we specifically allocate money

 9   for education?

10           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   I think we

11   primarily have a role sort of in the

12   marketing of that, to make sure that people

13   have awareness.   And we rely on the

14   organizations to sort of tell us how they

15   think to best market the units to make sure

16   that people know that they exist.    We'd be

17   happy to talk more about some of the

18   marketing plans we get and how people

19   approach that and ways that you think that

20   could be done better.

21           ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMOTAS:   Thank you very

22   much.

23           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Thanks.

24           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Assemblywoman
                                                      133

 1   Walker.

 2         ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:    Good afternoon.

 3         I would like to submit my comments and

 4   my support for all of my colleagues'

 5   statements regarding public housing.     Of

 6   course I represent 29 NYCHA developments,

 7   which is roughly, in estimate, about nearly

 8   14,000 individuals.   So clearly this is

 9   something that is a huge need.   And it really

10   provides the only level of affordable

11   housing, definitely in the communities that I

12   represent.

13         But regarding affordable housing, in

14   the Governor's budget did -- are there any

15   resources for the Supportive Housing

16   Opportunity Program, the New Construction

17   Capital Program, the Middle-Income Housing

18   Program, and any other tax credits for

19   affordable housing?

20         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes.    So

21   when we received the $2.5 billion several

22   years ago for the overall plan, we have been

23   spending that down.   And we have at the

24   moment approximately a billion dollars left
                                                       134

 1   across those various programs, including the

 2   Supportive Housing Opportunities Program, the

 3   new construction, and the others that all add

 4   up at the bottom line to a billion dollars

 5   for us left to spend over the next two years.

 6         ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:   So when a

 7   developer utilizes these resources to build,

 8   are there any approvals that they have to go

 9   through either with your office or with HFA?

10         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes,

11   absolutely.   These are sort of highly

12   structured financial deals that go through a

13   series of reviews and approvals -- not only

14   the internal credit committee, they go to the

15   HFA board, they go to the PACB.    There's

16   multiple layers of review for our projects.

17         ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:   Is there any

18   oversight that your office provides over the

19   course of time once these funds have been

20   expended on particular projects?

21         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes.   So we

22   both monitor them through construction to

23   make sure they're complete and then once they

24   complete the projects and move into our asset
                                                     135

 1   management division.   And we are doing

 2   compliance for financial, physical and

 3   regulatory compliance for everything that we

 4   finance.

 5         ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:    Okay.   So the

 6   reason for I guess the concern that I have

 7   is, moving forward with how these projects

 8   are being handled, is that there was just

 9   recently an announcement of a $179 million

10   public financing opportunity for a

11   development in Brooklyn.   And of those

12   resources for this particular project, there

13   was a transfer of the ownership or the

14   development from one developer to another.

15   But when we reached out to your office, there

16   was some concern as to not necessarily

17   knowing much about what's happening there.

18         So in your opinion, are there any

19   items that we may be able to address or

20   include particularly on these financing

21   opportunities, where either HCR continues to

22   have authority and control over any changes

23   that are made?   And what type of outreach or

24   community support may be provided at the
                                                         136

 1   state level in order to help assist in that

 2   regard?

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So if any

 4   borrower of ours wants to change ownership or

 5   sell their property, they have to get our

 6   approval before they do that.   I'd be happy

 7   to talk to you in specifics about yours or to

 8   think, you know, more creatively about how we

 9   might do that.   But they have to come to us

10   for approval if an owner wants to transfer

11   their interest in a property.

12         ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:     But I think,

13   you know, $179 million is a lot of money.      So

14   are you aware that there was a transfer of

15   either ownership or control from one

16   developer to another on the Marcus Garvey

17   development site?   Is that typical?

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We can talk

19   more about sort of the specifics of that.

20   But for sure the owner would have to come to

21   my staff to seek their sign-off before they

22   can transfer their interest in a property.

23         ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:     And also I'm

24   just wondering whether or not there are any
                                                       137

 1   opportunities for affordable homeownership

 2   with respect to increasing, you know, wealth

 3   in many different communities.    Of course as

 4   we know, the Nehemiah development was a huge

 5   success, and it is the one item that we can

 6   point to that has the starkest growth of

 7   generational wealth to the children from

 8   their parents.   And so we would love to have

 9   more support for that.

10         There is a request in now for about

11   $100 million for more affordable

12   homeownership opportunities.   So I'm just

13   wondering what your organization -- what your

14   agency feels about an affordable housing tax

15   credit.

16         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We -- we are

17   fairly active in the ownership space.

18         As I had mentioned before, we have our

19   AHC program, which has been used in Nehemiah

20   and at other developments around the city and

21   around the state to allow for low-income

22   homeownership.   We also have a

23   first-time-homebuyer mortgage program that we

24   provide thousands of mortgages each year to
                                                      138

 1   first-time homebuyers.

 2           But we are always happy to talk about

 3   ways that we can expand our efforts within

 4   homeownership to make sure that we are

 5   driving that as a policy matter.    So we'd be

 6   happy to talk to you about that more.

 7           ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:   Thank you.

 8           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

 9   Okay.   Now -- the light was on, but it still

10   wasn't working.   So I have a few questions.

11           One, I want to just follow up --

12   sometimes it's a little hard to hear up here

13   in terms of the questions and responses, so I

14   wanted to follow up on the foreclosure

15   prevention funding.   So I know in response to

16   Senator Kavanagh you said there's $10 million

17   that we expect to be reappropriated into

18   this -- the budget that we're discussing now,

19   that will be six months worth of funding.    I

20   know Senator Myrie also had asked questions

21   about this program, which is very important

22   to homeowners throughout the state who are

23   facing foreclosure.

24           So if we were looking at 20 million on
                                                       139

 1   an annual basis, where is the additional

 2   $10 million going to come from or the

 3   program's going to end in September?

 4           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Yes, so my

 5   understanding, which I think as is yours, is

 6   that the program has been funded and operated

 7   by the Attorney General's office for the last

 8   six or more years, and that last year

 9   $30 million was put in to cover the

10   $20 million for last year and half of this

11   year.

12           And we would anticipate discussing

13   funding the balance of that during the course

14   of this budget process.

15           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   I'm sorry, can

16   you just -- can you repeat that?    Maybe talk

17   into the mic.    It's really difficult to hear.

18           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure.   No,

19   that's fine.    It's hard to tell if I'm on the

20   mic or not.

21           We -- as you know, the program was

22   funded and operated by the Attorney General's

23   office for the last six or more years.     Last

24   year, through the course of the budget
                                                     140

 1   process, $30 million was added to the budget,

 2   which funded the $20 million for last year

 3   and $10 million in this.

 4         And we would anticipate that in the

 5   course of this year's budget discussion, that

 6   the funding of the balance of that would be

 7   part of that discussion.

 8         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Part of the

 9   reason it came out of the Attorney General's

10   office was that there was settlement monies

11   as a result of some of the fraud committed by

12   banks, and that settlement money has been --

13   the amount of settlement money coming in has

14   been greatly reduced, so the Governor has

15   redirected it for other purposes.

16         So it would be better if we started

17   off with the money we needed in the budget,

18   not rely on adding it later.

19         I want to just ask a couple of

20   questions some of my colleagues didn't have

21   an opportunity to have enough time to ask.

22   So I just wanted to know, what role does the

23   agency play in reducing the homelessness

24   crisis?   And what is the administration's
                                                       141

 1   position on the Home Stability Support?    And

 2   then I'll have some follow-up questions.

 3         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     As you know,

 4   homelessness is a complex issue.    And so I

 5   think it is addressed, from the state's

 6   perspective, through many programs.   I know

 7   that my colleagues from OTDA and OMH and

 8   other agencies have been testifying over the

 9   last couple of days, and they all sort of

10   play a role in the broad strategy around

11   addressing homelessness in the state.

12         For our part at HCR, we have a very

13   strong commitment to creating 6,000 units of

14   supportive housing in the five-year period,

15   and so we have financed over 4,500 of those

16   to date and are on track to complete that

17   commitment.   And while permanent supportive

18   housing isn't the only tool for homelessness,

19   we certainly believe that it's a very

20   important one and are happy to be doing our

21   part in that.

22         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    So I guess it

23   was in 2016 that the Governor committed to

24   developing 20,000 units of supportive
                                                       142

 1   housing.   So you're saying that the 6,000 --

 2   so has it been -- how much of that 20,000

 3   does the 6,000 that you're talking about

 4   represent?

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   Sure.     So

 6   the Empire State Supportive Housing

 7   Initiative -- ESSHI, as we call it -- was the

 8   sort of umbrella for the services as it

 9   related to the 20,000 unit announcement.     So

10   the first 6,000 of those are what's being

11   done in this first five-year period.

12         As you also probably know, nonprofit

13   organizations apply through ESSHI to get

14   service contracts for different populations

15   according to who they serve.   They then come

16   to OMH, OTDA, HCR to finance the construction

17   of those projects.

18         So the last round of the ESSHI

19   operating subsidy contracts will happen this

20   year, and that will complete the award for

21   all 6,000.   And then we are financing those

22   after they get their operating award, and we

23   have financed 4500 of those so far and are

24   aggressively working our way toward the end
                                                        143

 1   of the full 6,000 commitment of the ESSHI.

 2         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Okay.    And then

 3   there was an issue about people who were in

 4   supportive housing where the supportive --

 5   for some reason the supportive housing

 6   providers were taken to court and the

 7   individual tenants lose their -- they're not

 8   on the lease.   So that they don't have --

 9   they don't have the rights of tenants.

10         And there's been some complaints that

11   when the supportive housing tenants

12   complained -- they were getting harassed or

13   threatened when they made complaints to HPD

14   and DHCR over conditions.   And I was

15   wondering if your Office of Rent

16   Administration has heard of those complaints.

17   Because clearly the legislative intent was

18   that they would have -- the tenants

19   themselves would have the full rent

20   stabilization tenant protections even though

21   they weren't -- even though it was the

22   provider who was receiving the funding.

23         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Yes, so I

24   think it's long been the practice of the
                                                       144

 1   supportive housing community that they are

 2   the -- they lease apartments and then they

 3   have a client who's in that apartment.     And

 4   the supportive housing provider, as the

 5   recipient of the operating subsidy, is the

 6   one who is paying the rent, hence why they

 7   are on the lease.    And that the client

 8   they're serving likely does not have the full

 9   income that would be required to pay whatever

10   the rent might be.

11            So that has long been the practice in

12   the way it was -- certainly we financed those

13   projects.    So I think there were some changes

14   in the 2019 law around adding additional

15   protections to the subtenants or the clients

16   or whatever the right term would be for

17   those.    So that will now change and provide

18   additional protections for those tenants.

19            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   That's good.

20   If you could keep us informed as to how that

21   process happens -- obviously it's just going

22   to start happening now, then -- so we can

23   find out if there are complaints that are

24   happening as a result of tenants making
                                                     145

 1   complaints, and if in fact they are being

 2   able to get the full rent stabilization

 3   protections.

 4         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Okay.

 5   Mm-hmm.

 6         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

 7         Now we're going to go to

 8   Assemblyman Cymbrowitz for his second round

 9   of five minutes.

10         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Thank you.

11         Appreciate the stamina.    Appreciate

12   your responses to my colleagues' questions.

13   And I just wanted -- you know, just to fill

14   in the blanks a little bit, be brief.

15         Of the many line items included in the

16   five-year plan, are there any funding

17   lines -- is there any funding that has not

18   yet been committed?

19         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    We -- when

20   we originally devised the five-year plan, we

21   had some funding sources that were not within

22   the 2.5 that funded certain programs.

23         So to answer your question

24   specifically, in the case of some of our
                                                       146

 1   homeownership programs, we had had some

 2   JPMorgan settlement dollars that we got in

 3   20 -- I think it was 2016.    And they -- for

 4   example, we used some of that funding to

 5   provide Habitat for Humanity resources so

 6   that they could provide very-low-interest

 7   mortgages to the people that they work with

 8   in their homes.   And so the first two,

 9   probably two and a half years of that program

10   had been funded by some JPMorgan settlement

11   dollars that we had.

12         And so now, going forward, that

13   program will be funded by the homeownership

14   line in our budget.    So there are probably

15   maybe two lines within our overall budget

16   that now that they're in year -- in the last

17   two years of the spending plan, that will

18   begin to be tapped.    But rest assured we will

19   spend them all by the end of the five years.

20   So if they haven't been spent yet, it's not

21   because we aren't programmatically working on

22   those issues; they may just have been funded

23   by a different source.

24         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    So they're on
                                                        147

 1   homeownership programs?

 2         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:      Excuse me?

 3         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      Homeownership

 4   programs, is that what's left --

 5         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Correct, so

 6   in our homeownership program line.

 7         So we had some funding from JPMorgan

 8   that we used first, and once we spend that

 9   down -- which we have just done -- we will

10   now start to spend the Housing Plan dollars

11   for that.

12         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      State public

13   housing authorities, as we mentioned before,

14   have many of the same problems.    And in order

15   to comply with HUD regulations, they need to

16   do a PNA.     And many state authorities have

17   said that they don't have the money to do

18   those PNAs.    Is there something that HCR can

19   do as far as maybe a revolving loan that they

20   can actually do these so that they comply

21   with all regulations?

22         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     We'd be

23   happy to talk more about that.     We allow the

24   state public housing authorities that we have
                                                         148

 1   oversight of to utilize the Public Housing

 2   Modernization funds that flow through our

 3   budget to pay for PNAs, to allow that to move

 4   forward.   We'd be happy to talk about that in

 5   a broader sense.

 6           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    And just

 7   lastly, just to talk a little bit about the

 8   modernization of your computers.     What's the

 9   estimated cost of the total modernization?

10   What funds are being used to finance it?      And

11   do you have enough money to do that?

12           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   The -- we

13   anticipate that the modernization of the

14   processing system for ORA to be completed in

15   2020.   And the costs associated with that

16   modernization are included in the costs that

17   we bill the city for, for the overall

18   operation of the rent system.     So we are

19   funded at this time to do that.

20           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    What steps is

21   HCR doing to reduce the amount of paperwork

22   that's distributed and submitted?    Is there

23   any opportunity for tenants and landlords to

24   use electronic signatures?
                                                       149

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     So last year

 2   when we launched Rent Connect, one of the key

 3   things that it allows people to do is to

 4   submit both cases and also responses to

 5   filings on a computer or on their phone, in

 6   an effort to not require people to always be

 7   filling out paper documents and submitting

 8   them to our borough rent offices.

 9         So as much as we can, we are trying to

10   both modernize our documents so that they are

11   easy to understand, easy to read, easy to

12   fill out.    Obviously for many people English

13   is not their first language, and so we want

14   to make sure that our documents are clear

15   generally.   And then we also will continue

16   over time to add more documents to

17   Rent Connect so that more people can file and

18   interact with the Office of Rent

19   Administration electronically rather than

20   going to a borough rent office.

21         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     And just very

22   quickly, can you talk about what the agency

23   is doing as far as the Census and making sure

24   people answer those questions?
                                                       150

 1         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Yes.     We

 2   have done some outreach to our owners,

 3   Mitchell-Lama owners, tax credit owners -- we

 4   have approximately over 300,000 units in our

 5   asset management division -- to make sure

 6   that all those owners are aware of what the

 7   Census is and that they can proactively talk

 8   to their tenants about being involved.

 9         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Commissioner,

10   thank you very much.

11         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:     Thanks.

12         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

13         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you,

14   Commissioner, for being here and for staying

15   and being responsive to all of the members.

16         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Yes, thank you

17   very much.

18         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

19         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     So this -- oh,

20   Felix, I'm sorry.

21         Assemblyman Ortiz has a question.

22         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    Hello.   Thank you,

23   Commissioner, for being here.   And I'm going

24   to take only a few minutes, don't worry about
                                                     151

 1   it.

 2         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   That's okay.

 3         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   But also I would

 4   like to really thank you and your team for

 5   the help that you guys give me, to my

 6   district, on some of the evictions that was

 7   taking place that -- to fight back with those

 8   unscrupulous landlords.   I really appreciate

 9   the help that your agency provided last year.

10         I have a few questions, very

11   quickly -- I know that you have to go -- on

12   Mitchell-Lama.   We have a Mitchell-Lama in

13   the Bay Ridge area, and the Mitchell-Lama now

14   there has been discussion about privatizing,

15   which I'm completely against privatization.

16         What is your agency's procedures or

17   process in order to be involved in what they

18   are implementing to do so as we speak?

19         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:   So we have

20   about 140 Mitchell-Lamas under our regulatory

21   authority, both a mix of co-ops and rentals,

22   and we work very closely with them, both from

23   an oversight perspective but also in sort of

24   any other matters that relates to poor
                                                     152

 1   governance or capital repairs, to make sure

 2   that they have what they need to be a good,

 3   healthy, functioning building.

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   So you've been

 5   aware of the Towers in Bay Ridge, that

 6   there's been conversation about

 7   privatization?

 8         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    So when --

 9   so Mitchell-Lamas can opt out of the program

10   when their regulatory period expires.    We

11   work very closely to make sure that when

12   Mitchell-Lamas are exiting the Mitchell-Lama

13   program, that they are entering another

14   affordability program.

15         So almost every Mitchell-Lama but for

16   a few that have privatized in the last decade

17   have either gone into a -- like a HUD

18   Section 8 regime or gone into an Article 11,

19   a city tax exemption that requires

20   affordability.   So we try to make sure that

21   when they exit, so when they privatize, that

22   they are privatizing into another

23   affordability program and not just going to

24   market.
                                                     153

 1         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   So one of my

 2   biggest concerns is that people might take

 3   advantage of trying to sell these little

 4   condos for too much price value.   And I hope

 5   that we can be vigilant to ensure that that

 6   doesn't take place, especially that there's a

 7   lot of working families that live there,

 8   there's probably 2,000 families.

 9         The other question I have is that --

10   very quickly -- is I met with the federal

11   monitor at HUD, as well as NYCHA, and I was

12   getting a complete layout and update of

13   what's happening.   I represent 52 buildings,

14   2900 units in Red Hook, east and west.    And

15   I -- my office and myself have been keeping

16   track of all the progress that has been made.

17   That was the reason why we decided to have

18   this big meeting.

19         I know that we have been very helpful

20   to fund some of these projects to help NYCHA

21   to get out of the hole.   But with the

22   circumstances that we continue to have in the

23   federal government in Washington, there's not

24   going to be no rescue soon in order to really
                                                       154

 1   bring these NYCHA developments into -- to be

 2   upgraded.

 3         So my question is, what are we doing,

 4   what are the agencies trying to do in order

 5   to ensure -- and I know that our funding,

 6   that we might have to work together.   I know

 7   the advocates are asking for $2 billion,

 8   which I support.   If that's the case, we

 9   will -- should do that.   But at the same

10   token, what the agency is doing in order to

11   try to sunset or put aside some money to

12   continue to help our developments, the NYCHA

13   developments in New York City, especially --

14   specifically in my district.

15         COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    I would

16   say -- and, you know, you heard me say

17   earlier in the hearing that the $650 million

18   that the Governor put forward in the series

19   of four different budgets is the biggest

20   commitment the state has made to NYCHA in

21   decades.    And so we stand by that commitment,

22   understand that the need is great and that

23   there is still a significant amount of

24   that 450 million that has to get spent, and
                                                       155

 1   additionally the plan for the last

 2   $100 million.

 3            As you said, the federal government

 4   has year over year, you know, been reducing

 5   the capital operating budgets of housing

 6   authorities across the country, and that is

 7   of course always of concern to us, as we want

 8   to make sure that people can keep their

 9   buildings in good repair.

10            So we work closely with the city as it

11   relates to the spending of the $650 million

12   to make sure that money goes into the

13   buildings.

14            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   Lastly, you

15   know -- and I have your report right here,

16   the report that was presented by the

17   Governor -- we always have been fighting for

18   the Neighborhood Preservation Program and

19   Rural Preservation Program, and it looks like

20   there hasn't been no change for the year

21   ahead.    So it's completely flat,

22   $18.2 million.

23            So these programs are very beneficial

24   for people in my community and the minority
                                                            156

 1   community as a whole.   So I will recommend

 2   that we should rethink whether or not we can

 3   allocate other funding to ensure that these

 4   programs continue, because they've been very

 5   successful to help my people.

 6           Thank you very much, Commissioner.

 7           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

 8           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.      Now

 9   you can leave.

10           (Laughter.)

11           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

12           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you very

13   much.

14           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    And we look

15   forward to some of the follow-up information

16   that you're going to be giving us, and we'll

17   share it with all of the members.     Thank you.

18           COMMISSIONER VISNAUSKAS:    Thank you.

19           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

20           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    So now we're

21   going to begin the nongovernmental portion of

22   the hearing.   We start with a panel:

23   New York State Association for Affordable

24   Housing, Jolie Milstein, and Enterprise
                                                         157

 1   Community Partners, Judi Kende and

 2   Lorraine Collins.

 3         So even though you're a panel, and for

 4   future people, Jolie, you have five minutes,

 5   and Enterprise Community Partners, you have

 6   five minutes between the two of you.      And

 7   whoever goes first, if you're both speaking,

 8   just remember to leave some time for your

 9   colleagues so they're not mad at you on the

10   way home.

11         (Laughter.)

12         MS. MILSTEIN:     Is this on?

13         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Yes.     Yes, it

14   should be.

15         MS. MILSTEIN:     Thank you for the

16   opportunity to participate in today's hearing

17   regarding the '20-'21 New York State housing

18   budget.     My name is Jolie Milstein.    I'm the

19   president and CEO for New York State's

20   Association for Affordable Housing.      NYSAFAH

21   is the trade association for New York's

22   affordable housing industry statewide.      Its

23   375 members include for-profit and

24   not-for-profit developers, lenders,
                                                     158

 1   investors, attorneys, architects, and others

 2   active in the financing, construction and

 3   operation of affordable housing.   Together,

 4   NYSAFAH's members are responsible for most of

 5   the housing built in New York State with

 6   federal, state and local subsidies and

 7   incentives.

 8         We'd first like to thank the Senate

 9   and Assembly and the Cuomo administration for

10   its collective commitment over the past

11   several years to develop and preserve

12   thousands of units of affordable housing.

13         The five-year Housing Plan, we are

14   entering its fifth year, and we are pleased

15   to see that the Governor has proposed funding

16   that fifth year of the '20-'21 Executive

17   Budget, and we respectfully request that the

18   Legislature approve this critical funding as

19   part of the enacted budget.   This funding is

20   essential for a variety of housing programs

21   that we rely on to build and preserve

22   affordable housing and to create communities,

23   including the Middle-Income Housing Program,

24   Rural and Urban Communities Investment Fund,
                                                     159

 1   the Low-Income Housing Trust Fund, the Homes

 2   for Working Families Program, and many more.

 3   We thank you in advance for your support.

 4         We also urge you to provide

 5   supplemental funding in the '20-'21 budget

 6   for needs not addressed in the five-year plan

 7   that we previously identified for Governor

 8   Cuomo and the Senate and Assembly leadership.

 9   As we have progressed in our efforts over the

10   past years, our coalition of housing

11   organizations has identified several key

12   housing-related needs which require immediate

13   funding, such as additional monies for public

14   housing, the Homeless Housing Assistance

15   Program, Home Stability Support, the

16   Affordable Housing Corporation, the Senior

17   Resident Assistant Program, and others.

18         One particular high-need area for

19   funding relates to a proposed Sustainable

20   Affordable Housing Program, which we believe

21   should be administered by HCR in cooperation

22   with NYSERDA.   With $50 million in grants

23   dedicated to creating sustainable affordable

24   housing, New York State can achieve the
                                                     160

 1   complementary goals of reducing greenhouse

 2   gas emissions and achieving savings from

 3   burdensome energy costs for low-income

 4   families.

 5         Battling climate change is our most

 6   pressing global issue, and New York's

 7   policies towards that effort have been

 8   extraordinary, especially with the enactment

 9   into law of the Climate Leadership and

10   Community Protection Act, which will develop

11   policies to reduce economy-wide greenhouse

12   gas emissions over the next two decades.

13   NYSAFAH believes that affordable housing

14   should be a key contributor to the state's

15   efforts since emissions from residential

16   housing will be a significant target for such

17   reductions; there is already a strong

18   relationship between affordable housing

19   developers and our government partners; and

20   the low-income households we serve are part

21   of the principal focus for financial

22   assistance under the CLCPA.

23         Moreover, sustainable affordable

24   housing will reduce energy expenses for
                                                     161

 1   low-income families, enabling them to have

 2   the resources they need to improve their

 3   lives.    These are expenses that could be

 4   better directed to education, healthcare,

 5   food, and other necessities.    And with some

 6   modest additional resources, our developers

 7   can build more sustainable, affordable

 8   housing that benefits our families and our

 9   environment.

10            Finally, while providing additional

11   funding to address emerging housing needs is

12   imperative, a strong continued public funding

13   commitment remains essential.    New York has

14   been a leader in financial support for

15   affordable housing, and the Legislature has

16   long championed the housing programs that

17   NYSAFAH and other housing organizations use

18   to build and preserve housing for those who

19   need it most.

20            As I previously noted, New York is

21   entering its final year of the landmark

22   five-year $2.5 billion Housing Plan.     The

23   plan has been a success, and it's enabled us

24   to significantly confront the housing crisis
                                                     162

 1   and offered many New Yorkers a better life.

 2         Our work is not done, however, as the

 3   housing crisis persists.    We are therefore

 4   asking our partners in New York State

 5   government to establish a statutory process

 6   by which the state will be required to

 7   prepare and fund a five-year housing plan on

 8   an ongoing basis, much as the MTA and other

 9   capital programs require with their five-year

10   capital plans.

11         A multiyear commitment is necessary to

12   continue the pipeline of affordable housing

13   projects, which often take two to three or

14   more years in planning and approvals.

15   Without the assurance of an uninterrupted

16   multiyear plan and commitment by the state,

17   we will have fewer housing projects in the

18   planning and development stages and a

19   resulting loss of momentum in the progress we

20   have achieved to date.

21         Accordingly, we urge you to work with

22   the Cuomo administration to include a

23   statutory five-year funding process in the

24   2020-2021 enacted budget.
                                                         163

 1            Thank you again for the opportunity to

 2   testify and for your consideration of our

 3   budget requests.      I welcome any questions.

 4            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     All right, very

 5   good timing.

 6            Assemblymember Cymbrowitz.

 7            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Thank you,

 8   Jolie --

 9            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Wait, have you

10   gone?    Were we supposed to let you go

11   separately and then --

12            MS. MILSTEIN:    I don't know how this

13   works.    It's a panel.    Do we all testify?

14            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Oh, I'm sorry, I

15   jumped the gun.

16            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    You have five

17   minutes to share.      Remember my warning.

18            (Laughter.)

19            MS. KENDE:    We'll be quick.

20            Thank you.    Good afternoon.   My name

21   is Judi Kende, and I am the vice president

22   and New York market leader for Enterprise

23   Community Partners.      I'm fortunate to be

24   joined by my colleague Lorraine Collins, who
                                                     164

 1   leads our public policy and external affairs.

 2   For those who don't know Enterprise, we are a

 3   mission-driven nonprofit dedicated to finding

 4   solutions for affordable housing and

 5   investing capital in it.

 6         On behalf of Enterprise, thank you,

 7   Chair Cymbrowitz, thank you, Chair Kavanagh,

 8   thank you, Chair Krueger, and thank you,

 9   Chair Weinstein, for the opportunity to speak

10   with you this afternoon.   We are pleased to

11   be joined by so many housing providers,

12   advocates and community development groups

13   echoing similar comments in our field.

14         First I'd like to talk to you about

15   the current five-year Housing Plan.    We

16   applaud the Governor's commitment to fully

17   fund the final year of the state's five-year

18   Housing Plan.   We join a coalition of

19   affordable housing advocates to call for

20   funding to supplement the final year of the

21   Housing Plan.

22         While we are pleased to see that

23   funding for the Homeless Housing and

24   Assistance Program was doubled from last
                                                     165

 1   year's amount, we need to see similar funding

 2   increases for other programs related to

 3   public housing, supportive housing, senior

 4   housing and affordable homeownership.

 5         Regarding the new five-year Housing

 6   Plan, the continuous availability of

 7   affordable housing financing resources is

 8   necessary for affordable housing developers

 9   to maintain a pipeline of sites and

10   buildings.   We call on the state to adopt a

11   new five-year Housing Plan beginning in

12   fiscal year 2021-2022.

13         The state should also enact a

14   requirement that a statewide affordable

15   housing plan be developed and funded at least

16   every five years to ensure continuous funding

17   for affordable housing long-term.

18         MS. COLLINS:   And thanks to your

19   leadership, namely Assemblyman Mosley, last

20   year New York added non-wage income to the

21   state's protected class list outlawing source

22   of income discrimination.   As a co-lead of

23   the Statewide Source of Income Coalition --

24         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:    If you wouldn't
                                                        166

 1   mind getting near the mic.

 2            MS. COLLINS:   Sorry.   As a co-lead of

 3   the Statewide Source of Income Coalition, we

 4   are asking for $5 million to be allocated

 5   each year in perpetuity for enforcement and

 6   education efforts to fund the New York State

 7   Division of Human Rights, six full-service

 8   fair housing groups, and local

 9   community-based organizations across the

10   state.

11            For the past year, Enterprise has been

12   working with fellow advocates to respond to

13   prevailing wage legislation and strike the

14   balance between the state's desperate need

15   for new affordable housing and economic

16   well-being and mobility for workers in our

17   industry.    Enterprise looks forward to

18   continuing conversations with legislators

19   this session, particularly regarding racial

20   and gender equity concerns about prevailing

21   wage legislation, as well as the need for a

22   living wage.

23            In 2017, Enterprise co-convened a

24   Regional Affordable and Fair Housing
                                                       167

 1   Roundtable, in partnership with the Fair

 2   Housing Justice Center.    The roundtable has

 3   developed a set of policy priorities for 2020

 4   related to strengthening tenant protections,

 5   overcoming land-use barriers, and maximizing

 6   density.    We hope to have an opportunity to

 7   work with the Legislature this session on

 8   these priorities.

 9         MS. KENDE:    In closing, we would like

10   to thank you again for the opportunity to

11   testify here today and for your continued

12   leadership to address housing issues in

13   New York.    We are happy to answer any

14   questions, and we look forward to working

15   with you this coming session.

16         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Now Assemblyman

17   Cymbrowitz.

18         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Thank you

19   very much, everyone.

20         I wanted first to ask all three of

21   you, last year or the year before we were

22   able to accomplish something regarding the

23   bifurcation of tax credits, and I wanted to

24   know how that has worked out.   Have more
                                                     168

 1   projects been built?   And what effect will

 2   that have for affordable housing in the

 3   future?

 4         MS. MILSTEIN:    I'll take this one.

 5         The bifurcation certification of the

 6   state tax credit has been in place I guess

 7   it's 18 months now.    It's been slow to

 8   participation, but the places -- I believe

 9   there are several syndicators that have used

10   this certification bifurcation process, which

11   has resulted in an increase in the tax credit

12   monies that were raised, as we had hoped that

13   it would.

14         I think we're hoping that now that we

15   have some successes demonstrating that

16   increased raise, we'll have other syndicators

17   able to market more broadly to a diversity of

18   investors, as planned.

19         We're still struggling with the

20   non-transferability.   There's only a single

21   transfer allowed in the bifurcation

22   certification process.   Other states that

23   started with a single transfer have

24   subsequently moved to additional transfers
                                                        169

 1   allowed within the structure, which has made

 2   it a much more popular option.    But we're

 3   continuing to track this year.

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Is there

 5   something that we can do legislatively to

 6   make it easier to use?

 7         MS. MILSTEIN:   I believe there is.

 8   Let me get back to you on that.

 9         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Okay.

10         MS. MILSTEIN:   With a proposal.    In

11   writing.

12         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     The

13   $2.5 billion that we're now winding our way

14   through -- I happen to agree with you that we

15   need another five-year plan.     What do you see

16   as the most important housing programs that

17   we need to put in there?   Last time half of

18   it was used for supportive housing, less for

19   other programs.   Do you see that that formula

20   needs to change, or keep it the way it was?

21         MS. KENDE:   So I think that we

22   continue to see the same -- so supportive

23   housing is a critical priority, and we'd like

24   to see funding for that increase.    We would
                                                       170

 1   also like to see a continued allocation of

 2   funding across a variety of things from --

 3   and some new things.   Homeownership is very

 4   important, senior housing, public housing are

 5   key priorities for us.

 6          ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    You've been

 7   very vocal about the need for the state to

 8   give more public housing -- dollars for

 9   particularly NYCHA.    Could you talk about

10   that a little bit?

11          MS. KENDE:    Yeah, the number that the

12   group that we work with together is putting

13   forward is a billion dollars per year.      We

14   think that that's vital.    Right now the

15   deficit or the capital backlog is

16   $40 billion.   So it's going to take a lot to

17   catch up on that.

18          MS. COLLINS:    (Inaudible.)

19          ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    And as far as

20   operating funds --

21          MS. KENDE:    What were you going to

22   say?

23          MS. COLLINS:    I was just going to add

24   just as an upstater, in addition to the
                                                      171

 1   $1 billion, a $50 million ask for the upstate

 2   PHAs, just in collaboration with the New York

 3   State Public Housing Directors Association.

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    And do you

 5   also think that there should be operating --

 6   a recurring stream for operating?

 7         MS. COLLINS:    Mm-hmm.

 8         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    For downstate

 9   and upstate public housing.

10         MS. COLLINS:    Yes.

11         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    And have you

12   thought about how to do that?

13         MS. COLLINS:    We have not had specific

14   conversations.   I know we're waiting to meet

15   with the chair of NYCHA to have a

16   conversation as a coalition to talk through

17   exactly what those needs -- itemize what that

18   would look like.

19         And I think the same could be said for

20   NYSPHDA, because we have many different PHAs

21   upstate -- so those representing cities such

22   as the City of Rochester and then smaller

23   communities -- and just making sure that

24   we're speaking with one voice.
                                                      172

 1         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Thank you

 2   very much.

 3         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

 4         Housing Chair Brian Kavanagh.

 5         SENATOR KAVANAGH:     Is this working?

 6   Okay, great.   Thank you.

 7         Thank you all for your testimony.

 8   And, you know, we've had a lot of opportunity

 9   over the last year to talk about a lot of

10   these issues, and we appreciate all of your

11   work and all of your advocacy.

12         I'd just like to start -- you know,

13   I've had the opportunity to speak with both

14   of your organizations about this question of

15   whether this five-year plan should be more

16   formally a statutory requirement.    And I'm

17   glad -- yeah, I think as you know, we will be

18   introducing a bill very soon to that effect.

19         Can you talk a little bit more

20   about -- I mean, I think some people would

21   say, you know, money is money and you put

22   plans out as you go and you authorize the

23   money each year in the budget.    Can you just

24   talk a little bit more about the value of
                                                       173

 1   making that a more kind of structured,

 2   routine requirement going forward?

 3            MS. MILSTEIN:   Well, as a former

 4   developer of affordable housing for the AIDS

 5   homeless in New York City, I can speak to

 6   personal experience that knowing that there

 7   is a pipeline of money for years forward, the

 8   planning and predevelopment cycle for these

 9   projects that are very complicated, and often

10   involve brownfield remediation and other

11   externalities you don't control, is several

12   years.

13            And if you're looking to purchase a

14   piece of property in the fifth year of a

15   five-year plan -- and there's no

16   forward-looking commitment to that pipeline

17   continuing -- you're in a lot of trouble.

18   You can't really make that commitment, and

19   financial backers aren't interested in

20   supporting you in that process.

21            So I'd say it's vitally important from

22   the developer point of view, and I think from

23   communities' points of view, so that they can

24   anticipate a planning process that makes
                                                       174

 1   sense.

 2            MS. KENDE:   We would reiterate that.

 3   As an investor, it's critical to know that

 4   the resources will be there.     And when we've

 5   seen delays, there's also been delays in the

 6   pipeline.

 7            SENATOR KAVANAGH:   So it's fair to --

 8   I mean, we have this $20 billion number

 9   that's been out there for a bit, and some of

10   it is over this five-year period, some of it

11   extends beyond that.

12            But from your perspective, a bit more

13   certainty and a bit more formality about how

14   that will roll out in the years beyond that

15   initial five would be useful in ensuring that

16   the money is well-spent and that developers

17   can plan to use it effectively?    Great.

18            Is -- and I just -- and just that

19   applies -- I think there was some questions

20   from colleagues before about that issue of

21   predictability with respect to supportive

22   housing, because supportive housing projects

23   need to put services in place and involve

24   other agencies and ongoing operating support
                                                     175

 1   as well that may not be coming from the

 2   capital budget.

 3         But just to be clear, you -- your

 4   organizations believe that that logic or some

 5   version of that logic applies to really

 6   across the capital plan, not just for

 7   supportive housing projects but for all

 8   elements of it?

 9         MS. MILSTEIN:     Absolutely yes.

10         In fact -- yes, absolutely.

11   Preservation and new construction.   All of

12   these very complicated financial transactions

13   require a very long predevelopment planning

14   cycle, with a lot of moving parts and many,

15   many players.   So --

16         MS. KENDE:   Yes, as much the services,

17   it's also in parallel about the

18   predevelopment period, which can be one,

19   two-plus years, acquiring -- you know,

20   acquiring the land, knowing when you're going

21   to get the financing to actually start

22   construction or -- so it's vitally important.

23         SENATOR KAVANAGH:    Great.   I guess

24   this one's particularly for Enterprise, with
                                                     176

 1   respect to the source of income

 2   discrimination funding that you're proposing.

 3   You know, it's -- so you described it briefly

 4   in your testimony, but if you can just talk a

 5   little bit more about why you think that's a

 6   necessary program for us this coming year.

 7         MS. COLLINS:   I'd say just -- you

 8   know, we all know that, you know, laws are

 9   only as good as they are enforced.   And what

10   we've seen with source of income,

11   particularly in those communities across the

12   state that have had laws on the books for

13   some time, New York City being one of those,

14   where, you know, they're -- still with a lack

15   of enforcement, you still see rampant

16   discrimination.

17         And so given that the state really not

18   in recent history has made a significant

19   investment in housing discrimination, and

20   with the new legislation, I'd say this would

21   be a good complement to make sure that both

22   tenants are aware of their rights and know

23   where to go to if they feel that they've been

24   discriminated against, and also use it as an
                                                       177

 1   opportunity to inform property owners of

 2   their responsibilities.

 3         I also just add with the news of your

 4   recent legislation regarding vouchers, I

 5   think it's even all the more important that

 6   we have enforcement dollars behind, so that

 7   individuals are not being discriminated

 8   against when they have a voucher.

 9         SENATOR KAVANAGH:     Great.   Thank you.

10         And since that bill was introduced

11   yesterday, I was not going to ask you all

12   your opinion of it, but I appreciate your

13   mentioning it.

14         And just quickly, we've done a lot of

15   work on fair housing in the housing sale

16   market, particularly in response to some

17   events in Long Island.    But you believe

18   there's a broader question of discrimination

19   going on in the rental market in New York

20   State as well.

21         MS. COLLINS:   Yes.    I'd say statewide,

22   both for homeowners as well as renters.

23         SENATOR KAVANAGH:     Great.   Thank you

24   so much.
                                                      178

 1         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

 2         Assembly.

 3         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Assemblyman

 4   Epstein.

 5         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    I want to thank

 6   you all for coming and testifying today.     I

 7   wanted to talk to you a little bit about

 8   financing mechanisms and revenue sources.

 9         So I wanted to figure out how often,

10   in the affordable housing context, you guys

11   are using private equity money and what's

12   your mezzanine debt to help finance projects,

13   and whether you believe that, seeing how

14   private equity money or mezzanine debt isn't

15   treated the same as traditional mortgage

16   debt, there's not a mortgage recording tax,

17   there aren't other -- you know, there aren't

18   the same costs associated with them --

19   whether you feel like there should be more

20   oversight and regulation on mezzanine debt

21   and whether those funds then could be used

22   for affordable housing projects.

23         MS. KENDE:   It's something that we

24   would want to come back to you on.    We don't
                                                      179

 1   provide any conventional equity in New York.

 2   We're a low-income housing tax credit

 3   syndicator.   We do have conventional equity

 4   in other markets, but it's not kind of I

 5   think what you're thinking of, of coming from

 6   the real kind of for-profit private equity

 7   sector.

 8         MS. MILSTEIN:    Those are mostly

 9   mixed-income projects, and often they're

10   market-driven, whatever affordable -- what's

11   421-a called now?   Affordable New York?

12   There are non-subsidy tax abatement programs

13   that may attract those investors.   That's not

14   typically what we're involved with.

15         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    So if there was

16   more oversight or more requirements under

17   private equity financing, it wouldn't really

18   have any impact on the product you're

19   financing, it would just really impact the

20   private market, is that right?

21         MS. MILSTEIN:    As far as I know.

22         MS. KENDE:    Yeah.

23         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    That's great.

24   That's good to hear.
                                                      180

 1           Just on source of income

 2   discrimination, I want to support what

 3   Senator Kavanagh said about, you know, the

 4   importance of having oversight, ensuring

 5   that.   We see discrimination, housing

 6   discrimination happening all over our city

 7   and state.   Do you feel like $5 million was

 8   the right number, and why you chose that

 9   number, and whether you think that will have

10   enough statewide impact around source of

11   income discrimination that we're seeing.

12           MS. COLLINS:   So I'd say -- first I'd

13   like to note that the $5 million isn't a

14   one-time ask, it's something that we would

15   like to see as a budget line item.

16           We came up with that number --

17   3 million of those dollars would be directed

18   to DHR.   And that was going back to the 2010

19   veto of Governor Paterson of the SOI

20   legislation.   At that time he noted that it

21   was -- would take approximately $2.7 million

22   for DHR to effectively enforce the new law.

23   And so we just rounded that up to 3 million.

24   So it is very much a baseline.
                                                       181

 1          As far as the other components,

 2   1.2 million we have set aside for the six

 3   full-service fair housing groups.     That was

 4   based on itemized budgets that they provided

 5   to Enterprise in terms of what would it take

 6   or the cost over a year for fair housing

 7   testing, for staff resources and other

 8   operating resources.

 9          And then the balance of $800,000 would

10   be used for organizations that aren't fair

11   housing groups but would serve the fair

12   housing desert -- so where there's no local

13   organization.

14          ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    Thanks.

15          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.   I

16   believe that's all the questions --

17          CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Oh, I'm sorry,

18   no.   Excuse me.

19          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Sorry.

20          CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Senator Salazar.

21          (Mic problems.)

22          MS. MILSTEIN:   Well, we can hear you.

23          MS. KENDE:   We can hear you.

24          SENATOR SALAZAR:   Okay, I'll just
                                                      182

 1   speak loudly.

 2         So Assemblyman Epstein sort of alluded

 3   to the question that I wanted to ask, because

 4   he's the lead sponsor of the expanded

 5   mortgage recording tax bill, or mezzanine

 6   debt bill, that I am the lead sponsor of in

 7   the Senate.

 8         I basically just wanted to get your

 9   opinion.   Some in the real estate allege that

10   it is going to have an adverse effect or

11   opposite from our intent in introducing the

12   bill, that it would not only tax these

13   currently untaxed assets and make sure that

14   multi-millionaire investors will be paying

15   their fair share of taxes but that it would

16   raise the cost of financing across the board.

17         Have any of you -- are you familiar

18   with the bill that Assemblymember Epstein and

19   myself introduced?    If not, I won't take up

20   time discussing it.

21         MS. KENDE:     It hasn't been a

22   conversation in our -- in the affordable

23   housing sector.   And so I'll definitely go

24   back and talk to my finance team and see if
                                                        183

 1   they think it would have any impact, and

 2   we'll take a look and get back to you.       But

 3   it's not something that's coming up --

 4          MS. MILSTEIN:    No.   I'm aware of the

 5   bill; I haven't reviewed it.    But we'll

 6   collegially review it and get back to you

 7   with an opinion from our --

 8          SENATOR SALAZAR:   Thank you.

 9          CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

10          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

11          Next we have put together a panel,

12   New York Housing Conference, Rachel Fee, and

13   Supportive Housing Network of New York,

14   Laura Mascuch and Maclain Berhaupt.

15          So one of you is --

16          MS. MASCUCH:    I'm Laura Mascuch from

17   the Supportive Housing Network of New York.

18          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     And --

19          MS. FEE:   Rachel Fee, New York Housing

20   Conference.

21          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    So just the

22   two.

23          MS. MASCUCH:    Just two of us.

24          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     So there's five
                                                      184

 1   minutes for each of you, and then if there

 2   are any questions.   Thank you.

 3         MS. MASCUCH:    Terrific.   Thank you,

 4   Chairs Krueger and Weinstein and Housing

 5   Chairs Kavanagh and Cymbrowitz, for having me

 6   testify today.

 7         My name is Laura Mascuch.     I'm the

 8   executive director of the Supportive Housing

 9   Network of New York, a membership

10   organization of over 200 nonprofits that own

11   and operate 52,000 units of supportive

12   housing statewide.

13         As you know, supportive housing

14   represents a critical tool to ending chronic

15   homelessness, offering permanent housing

16   solutions with wraparound social services for

17   homeless individuals and families with

18   special needs.   As you know, we continue to

19   experience the worst crisis in homelessness

20   the State of New York has seen.   Across the

21   state there are over 92,000 people, including

22   nearly 30,000 children, living on streets or

23   in shelters.   This was one reason why we were

24   happy to see the doubling of OTDA's Homeless
                                                      185

 1   Housing Assistance Program in the

 2   Executive Budget from $64 million to

 3   $128 million.    To date it has helped create

 4   over 16,000 units of supportive housing

 5   throughout the state.

 6            But that commitment alone will not

 7   solve this problem.    Almost five years ago,

 8   the Governor and the Legislature recognized

 9   the need for a long-term plan to tackle this

10   crisis and enacted a five-year affordable

11   housing and homelessness plan which included

12   funding 6,000 units of supportive housing.

13   The funding commitment was Phase I of the

14   Governor's commitment to develop 20,000 units

15   of supportive housing over the next 15 years.

16   We applauded this long-term commitment then

17   and continue to today.

18            But in fact we strongly encourage the

19   state to continue this long-term-planning

20   approach and enact a requirement that a

21   statewide affordable and supportive housing

22   plan be developed and funded every five

23   years.

24            Having a long-term commitment, as you
                                                     186

 1   heard from my colleagues, for capital,

 2   services, and operating funding for

 3   supportive housing in particular is critical

 4   to attracting investors and developers.   It

 5   diminishes risk by setting a long-term target

 6   to fund a specific number of units, thereby

 7   boosting investor confidence.

 8         Four years into the five-year

 9   commitment, the state has made significant

10   progress, funding approximately 4,500

11   permanent ESSHI awards.   There are another

12   163 projects encompassing 5,400 units in the

13   pipeline that have received conditional

14   awards, which are currently working on

15   securing state and local capital needed to

16   progress forward.

17         As we enter the fifth year of the

18   Empire State Supportive Housing Initiative,

19   there is currently no funding commitment in

20   the Executive Budget that indicates the

21   program will continue to fund the remaining

22   14,000 units.   Without a commitment in this

23   year's budget, there will be another halt in

24   production like the one that took place
                                                       187

 1   between NY/NY III and ESSHI due to the

 2   absence of this commitment.    Nonprofits and

 3   developers will stop buying sites, and many

 4   investors and syndicators will be unwilling

 5   to invest without concrete assurances that

 6   the program will continue.

 7            I draw your attention to the two

 8   graphs on the next page which show the NY/NY

 9   III trajectory coming down in development

10   units and the ESSHI trajectory going up.     We

11   in no way want to see that taking a downward

12   trend.

13            It is critical that the state

14   2020-2021 enacted budget authorize a

15   continuation of the program by statutorily

16   committing funding for the next five years,

17   beginning in state fiscal year 2021-2022.

18   This will signal to investors, developers,

19   syndicators and service providers that the

20   commitment is real and the state will finance

21   the remaining 14,000 units.

22            ESSHI has been a successful supportive

23   housing program because of the long-term

24   funding outlined in the state budget.    A
                                                     188

 1   commitment in this year's budget will prevent

 2   history from repeating itself and ensure

 3   ESSHI's continued success.

 4         Thank you for this opportunity to

 5   testify.

 6         MS. FEE:   Good afternoon.   Thank you

 7   for the opportunity to testify.

 8         My name is Rachel Fee.   I'm executive

 9   director of the New York Housing Conference.

10   We're an affordable housing policy and

11   advocacy organization, and our mission is to

12   support the development and preservation of

13   decent and affordable housing for all New

14   Yorkers.

15         I, in the interests of time, don't

16   want to repeat everything that has been said

17   already; we are working in a coalition.    So

18   I'll just run through my points.

19         The first one would be that we would,

20   like the Supportive Housing Network just

21   mentioned, the authorization of ESSHI to

22   continue.   This is the cornerstone of new

23   construction in the statewide affordable

24   housing plan, and we think it's really
                                                       189

 1   important that investors have the confidence

 2   that this program will continue.   And that's

 3   also critical to uphold the Governor's

 4   commitment to a longer-term supportive

 5   housing plan.

 6         We also are seeking to codify a

 7   five-year housing plan requirement.    We think

 8   that as -- in New York State we have an

 9   affordable housing crisis, and ensuring that

10   there will be capital to address this crisis

11   in a multiyear fashion is important.

12         We also urge you to support the

13   preservation of public housing with a billion

14   dollars for NYCHA and $50 million for the

15   rest of the state.   Public housing is a

16   critical affordable housing resource, and if

17   we lose that housing stock to deterioration,

18   we are going to be in a worst crisis.

19         You know that New Yorkers across the

20   state are struggling to afford rents.    We've

21   heard many statistics today:   900,000

22   households pay half of their income towards

23   housing, one in 10 New York City public

24   schoolchildren will experience homelessness
                                                        190

 1   during the year, and tonight more than 92,000

 2   New Yorkers will either sleep in shelters or

 3   on the streets across the state.

 4         The solutions to the homelessness

 5   crisis in New York are not new ideas.    It's

 6   more affordable housing, including more

 7   supportive housing, and it's rental

 8   assistance.   So we're supportive of the

 9   increase in the Governor's budget for the

10   Homeless Housing Assistance Program.    We also

11   would advocate for Home Stability Support,

12   and we're also supportive of Senate Bill

13   7628, recently introduced.    Rental assistance

14   is really critical to keeping people stably

15   housed.

16         We're also supportive of affordable

17   homeownership.   We've heard about this in

18   many of the questions today directed towards

19   the Housing commissioner.    We all know that

20   owning a home can increase a family's

21   financial security, and it should really be a

22   priority and part of the housing plan.     So we

23   are advocating for funding for HOPP, and also

24   to increase the funding for the Affordable
                                                      191

 1   Housing Corporation.

 2           And some of our colleagues from

 3   Habitat New York City and the Center for

 4   New York City Neighborhoods will talk about

 5   those programs in more detail.

 6           We're also very keen to see some money

 7   allocated to enforce the source-of-income

 8   protection law that was newly adopted last

 9   year.   You heard Enterprise talk about the

10   importance of this program.   I just

11   underscore the need for enforcement across

12   the state.

13           I would also like to just point out

14   that we are not preparing for our aging

15   population.   We do have money for senior

16   funding in the existing Housing Plan, but

17   what we really want to see is affordable

18   senior housing being produced and being

19   paired with a resident service coordinator,

20   really embracing the 202 model that has been

21   a successful example established by the

22   federal government.

23           We also think, as NYSAFAH mentioned

24   earlier, that a new sustainable housing
                                                     192

 1   program is needed to ensure that our

 2   affordable housing is meeting sustainability

 3   requirements.

 4         So again, as you heard, we're working

 5   in a coalition with 14 organizations on our

 6   top priorities for FY 2020-2021.   We've also

 7   given consideration to the important role

 8   that New York State has to play in addressing

 9   our public housing crisis, homelessness, and

10   affordable housing across the state.   And we

11   do have a set of recommendations for what a

12   five-year housing plan should look like

13   moving forward.

14         Thank you.

15         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

16         We go to Assemblyman Cymbrowitz.

17         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:   Thank you,

18   Laura and Rachel.

19         Laura, how many supportive housing

20   units have been created and move-in ready as

21   a result of the five-year Housing Plan?

22         MS. MASCUCH:   So the commissioner

23   testified that there's 4500 actually

24   permanent awards that have been made through
                                                         193

 1   ESSHI.

 2            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      Is that an

 3   accurate number?

 4            MS. MASCUCH:   Yes.   Yes.

 5            ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      Okay.   And

 6   how many projects are shovel-ready but

 7   waiting for funding release?

 8            MS. MASCUCH:   Well, we have another

 9   5,400 with conditional awards.        So those

10   awards are one year in nature, and then

11   people will reapply if they don't have their

12   capital stack ready to go.      So when the

13   budget closes, the ESSHI RFP for the final

14   round will be issued, and then folks will

15   reapply.    That will be the last opportunity

16   to gain supportive housing conditional awards

17   and find capital funding.

18            So we think the demand is there to

19   easily, you know, finish the 1500 units and

20   go beyond.    And you and I have often talked

21   about the pace of development, and we're at a

22   very good pace right now.      And so we don't

23   want to see the whole effort drop off, you

24   know, the side of a cliff because we don't
                                                        194

 1   have Year 6 lined up.

 2           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      Are

 3   supportive housing projects that have been

 4   completed filled to capacity?

 5           MS. MASCUCH:   Yes.   Yes.   They're

 6   rented up in very expeditious fashion because

 7   people need to meet their low-income housing

 8   tax credit deadlines, and the referrals have

 9   been flowing.   We have actually five people

10   waiting for every one unit.

11           ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:      In Rachel's

12   $2.5 billion next five-year plan, do you both

13   think that another billion should go towards

14   supportive housing or we should mix it up

15   more?   Anyone want to touch that?

16           MS. MASCUCH:   So I think there's

17   tremendous needs.   I think that, you know, we

18   all speak to the need for affordable housing

19   because we have such a homelessness crisis,

20   with 90,000 people homeless.    Not all of

21   those people actually need supportive

22   housing, it's for a very specific subset.

23           But we currently have a lot of people

24   who are chronically homeless that have been
                                                         195

 1   homeless for over 400 days, and for those

 2   individuals and families, supportive housing

 3   is often the way that they exit homelessness.

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Okay.     Thank

 5   you very much.

 6         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:    Thank you.

 7         Housing Chair Kavanagh.

 8         SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you.

 9         We had the opportunity to speak about

10   the issue of having continuity and, you know,

11   appreciate the concerns expressed by

12   Assemblymember Cymbrowitz on that.

13         A couple of questions.    Rachel, in

14   your testimony you talk about recommending a

15   billion-dollar investment for NYCHA.      Can you

16   talk about the -- is that something you would

17   hope to see kind of -- is that a five-year

18   number?   Is that something that you think we

19   should be looking to do, kind of infuse

20   immediately in the budget?

21         MS. FEE:   I think the ideal would be

22   that the city and state have a long-term

23   funding plan and that they're both pitching

24   in to really fill in the gap from where the
                                                        196

 1   federal government has left NYCHA high and

 2   dry.

 3           So I think the city and state both

 4   have a role to play.   The billion-dollar

 5   number is for this year, and we think it

 6   should be a multiyear commitment.    The

 7   capital needs seem to be growing.

 8           You know, you asked earlier about

 9   should, you know, NYCHA also receive

10   operating funding.   I think they're going

11   through a plan right now to, you know, figure

12   out better operations and management as part

13   of their settlement agreement and working

14   with the monitor.    So I would hold off on

15   that.   But the clear -- there's clearly a

16   need for capital, and it can be deployed

17   right away.

18           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I appreciate that.

19           And, you know, just for comparison,

20   it's been about $650 million that's been

21   allocated over the last five years or so.     So

22   that would be a great infusion.    And I agree,

23   we need to be looking at much larger numbers

24   than we have seen in the past.
                                                     197

 1         Your -- you deal with a variety of

 2   these development programs.   I want to focus

 3   particularly on how a voucher, a rent subsidy

 4   program -- which you testify that you support

 5   Home Stability Support, which has been around

 6   for a while.   And I also have been a big

 7   supporter of that, and our new thing, which

 8   is, as you mentioned, S7628, which are

 9   housing access vouchers.   I think my staff

10   told me I had to say that at least three

11   times during the hearing so we can get the

12   name of that program out there.

13         But can you just talk about the value

14   of having kind of direct rent subsidies as

15   well as kind of these longer-term development

16   programs, how they -- sort of how they might

17   complement each other, and why your

18   organization supports both of those

19   approaches?

20         MS. FEE:    So we need to increase the

21   supply of affordable housing, and that's what

22   the capital program does, to provide new

23   construction of supportive housing, new

24   construction of affordable, and preservation
                                                      198

 1   of existing affordable housing.

 2          But we're not going to be able to

 3   build new affordable housing to meet demand.

 4   And people cannot afford market rents right

 5   now.   So Home Stability Support or a voucher

 6   program would fill that gap between what

 7   someone can afford in rents and what the

 8   market rents are.   So it's really allowing

 9   people to avoid shelters, especially if it's

10   targeted towards homeless prevention.    It's

11   allowing them to access housing in the

12   market.

13          And again, as Lorraine Collins had

14   mentioned, that also makes pairing it with

15   enforcement funding across the state even

16   more important.

17          SENATOR KAVANAGH:   So it's fair to say

18   that to the extent we're viewing homelessness

19   as both a long-term challenge and an

20   emergency, if we want to make kind of an

21   immediate impact, a voucher program is more

22   suitable for that, and then, longer term, we

23   want to develop capital so maybe we're not

24   facing such a crisis going forward?
                                                        199

 1            MS. FEE:   I think you need to pursue

 2   both strategies.    I mean, in New York City

 3   alone we have 60,000 people in the shelter

 4   system.     You know, they are living in hotels

 5   and places not suitable for families.    If

 6   there was more access to vouchers that could

 7   provide access to housing in the private

 8   market, that's going to be part of the

 9   solution.

10            SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay, and just -- I

11   have one minute left, but a question for

12   Laura.    To the extent that -- you know, we

13   talked about 20,000 units over 15 years.

14   We've been doing about 1200 a year, which is

15   6,000 over five years, so that's a little

16   slower than a pace that gets you to 20,000

17   over 15 years.

18            Is there the capacity in the

19   communities to develop units at a higher rate

20   if we wanted to go to 1400 units a year

21   rather than 1200 units a year?     Is there the

22   capacity out there to develop those, to

23   provide the services for those?

24            MS. MASCUCH:   Yes, so we would think
                                                         200

 1   in the next five years we could do another

 2   7,000 units.    And that the capacity is there,

 3   because now it's really ramped up due to the

 4   6,000.    And so we think it's achievable.

 5            SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Great.   Thank you.

 6   I'll leave it there.   Thank you so much.

 7            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Assemblyman

 8   Epstein.

 9            ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    Thank you for

10   your patience and being with us today.

11            I really just want to applaud your --

12   some of your testimony around NYCHA.      Clearly

13   a real serious investment in NYCHA is a

14   critical idea.

15            I'm just wondering what you thought

16   about more publicly owned land, like a new

17   NYCHA, a new public housing across the state,

18   where, you know, obviously we're talking

19   about a housing crisis here and we're talking

20   about having amazing nonprofit partners and

21   seeking that really deep affordable, deep

22   investment in public housing.     Whether that's

23   NYCHA-like or Mitchell-Lama-like, you know,

24   I'm wondering about thinking big as we move
                                                       201

 1   forward on a housing plan.

 2         MS. FEE:   So I think the first

 3   priority should be investing in NYCHA and

 4   making sure that every unit there is up to

 5   code and each resident has safe and decent

 6   living conditions.

 7         In terms of producing more affordable

 8   housing, that's definitely a priority.     What

 9   that model looks like -- I mean, there's lots

10   of options.   Right now we're using federal

11   low-income housing tax credits, and that's

12   really what is driving production of new

13   affordable housing.   And in that model,

14   you're having, you know, public investment

15   and private partners.

16         I think what you're getting at is more

17   continued public ownership.   I mean, the

18   funding would have to be there on the capital

19   side, on the operating side, in a model

20   that's going to be sustainable or else we end

21   up in the same situation.

22         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    So I agree with

23   the concerns you have around the crumbling

24   infrastructure we have in NYCHA, and knowing
                                                     202

 1   that we have a $40 billion capital hole.

 2         And so are you suggesting that the

 3   state -- you know, there's a billion-dollar

 4   investment in NYCHA or an ongoing investment

 5   in NYCHA, or are you thinking that we give

 6   them resources so they can bond-finance the

 7   capital work now?    I'm wondering, you know,

 8   if you feel like this is something that's

 9   short term or you think it's more a

10   long-term, deeper commitment to NYCHA.

11         MS. FEE:   I think -- I think you need

12   multiple strategies, that the problem is so

13   big and the funding gap is so large.    So I

14   think we need the state to invest to preserve

15   the public housing that we have.

16         Right now, you know, for NYCHA the

17   city has a plan to convert 62,000 units in

18   the public/private partnership model.    So,

19   you know, that's a separate need.   I think

20   all of these strategies are needed if we're

21   going to make those capital repairs over the

22   next decade or so.

23         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:     Thank you.

24         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.
                                                          203

 1   Thank you for being here --

 2            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     We have one more,

 3   sorry.

 4            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Oh, I'm sorry.

 5            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Senator Robert

 6   Jackson.

 7            SENATOR JACKSON:   So good afternoon.

 8   Let me thank you for coming in, and thank you

 9   for the advocacy that you do on behalf of all

10   of the residents that you represent and all

11   those that are in need of a permanent home.

12   Thank you.

13            And understanding that -- I was

14   reading on page 2 of Rachel's testimony.      The

15   gap between income and rent is the primary

16   cause of high rent burdens, but access to

17   housing is an ongoing issue.

18            In your opinion, what are the primary

19   purposes of why people -- the gap is there

20   between income and rent?    Is it because of

21   education, is it because the fact that so

22   many people are, you know, working two or

23   three jobs trying to make ends meet?      I mean,

24   what are the reasons why there's such a high
                                                        204

 1   burden between income and rent, in your

 2   opinion?    I mean, you're experts in the field

 3   and I'm not.   Really.     And let's talk

 4   truthfully.

 5           MS. FEE:   So wages have stagnated --

 6           SENATOR JACKSON:    Wages have what?

 7           MS. FEE:   Wages have stagnated, right?

 8   They've stayed relatively the same.     And then

 9   you have demand -- more demand for housing

10   than you have supply, especially in New York

11   City.   So the rents just keep going up.    And

12   those two things have clashed.

13           So, you know, certainly there could be

14   solutions that also boost people's incomes so

15   they can afford more, but we still need

16   access to affordable housing, that the gap is

17   so large.

18           SENATOR JACKSON:    So in essence

19   there's not enough affordable housing to meet

20   the needs, is that correct?

21           MS. FEE:   That's correct.

22           SENATOR JACKSON:    That's why in your

23   testimony you say that we need to renew that

24   five-year plan so that investors will have a
                                                     205

 1   signal that they can continue to look forward

 2   of investing into affordable housing, is that

 3   correct?

 4         MS. FEE:   Absolutely.

 5         SENATOR JACKSON:   Were you here when I

 6   asked the HCR commissioner about when

 7   organizations or landlords are found to

 8   discriminate -- found to discriminate, not

 9   allegations -- do you think there should be a

10   permanent list of landlords and have it

11   public on their website of landlords that

12   have discriminated, whether for income or any

13   other reason, against tenants?

14         MS. FEE:   Well, I think if we were

15   funding enforcement, we would know who's

16   being charged with this, right?   A lot of

17   this happens now discreetly and people aren't

18   being brought to court over it.

19         So I think if we had funding,

20   especially around source-of-income

21   discrimination, we would know more about

22   what's happening.   And that funding could go

23   both to Human Rights and to the groups -- the

24   fair housing organizations on the ground.
                                                         206

 1         SENATOR JACKSON:      Okay.    But CBOs and

 2   nonprofits being aware is one thing -- and

 3   publicizing so everyone knows what owners

 4   have discriminated.    That's what I'm asking,

 5   whether or not that is appropriate or not.

 6         MS. FEE:    Well, I think something like

 7   the Worst Landlords list has certainly been a

 8   deterrent.   And you've seen, I think, the

 9   Public Advocate keeps that kind of list in

10   New York.

11         I don't really know, you know, how you

12   would collect information on discrimination

13   outside of courts.    But I understand what

14   you're getting at in terms of the need for

15   information.

16         SENATOR JACKSON:     Thank you, ladies.

17         Thank you, Madam Chairs.

18         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thank you.

19         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:         Thank you.

20   Thank you for being here.

21         Next we have a panel we've put

22   together of Neighborhood Preservation

23   Coalition of New York State, Mark Streb;

24   New York State Rural Advocates, Blair
                                                     207

 1   Sebastian; and New York State Rural Housing

 2   Coalition, Jeff Keller.

 3         It's possible that Colin McKnight is

 4   here and hasn't checked in.

 5         MR. McKNIGHT:   I'm here.

 6         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Okay.

 7         So Neighborhood Preservation Coalition

 8   gets five minutes, New York State Rural

 9   Advocates five minutes, and New York State

10   Rural Housing Coalition, if you're both

11   speaking, you share the five minutes.

12         MR. STREB:   Good afternoon.    My name

13   is Mark Streb, and I'm the executive director

14   of the Neighborhood Preservation Coalition.

15   I'd like to thank the members of the

16   committee for inviting me to testify about

17   the important value that the Neighborhood

18   Preservation Companies provide.

19         The Neighborhood Preservation Program

20   consists of more than 135 local

21   boots-on-the-ground, grassroots companies

22   working every day to help make consistent,

23   safe and affordable housing a reality for

24   low-to-moderate-income residents.
                                                     208

 1         The Neighborhood Preservation Program

 2   was created by the Legislature, in the

 3   forward-thinking vision of the late

 4   Assemblyman Denny Farrell, to give grants to

 5   community organizations in order to help them

 6   do their vital work.   Yesterday would have

 7   been Assemblyman Farrell's 88th birthday, and

 8   I'm sure he's looking down in support of us

 9   as we fight to continue and grow this

10   program.

11         The coalition was formed to provide

12   technical assistance to the NPCs in

13   completing grant applications, training on

14   subjects relevant to the services they

15   provide, and to give the NPCs a chance to

16   speak with a unified voice when advocating

17   for the work that they do.

18         The NPCs around the state provide a

19   variety of services, including financial

20   counseling, homelessness prevention,

21   workforce assistance, and services for

22   addiction and mental health issues, to name

23   just a few.   The HCR Annual Report on

24   Neighborhood and Rural Preservation Programs
                                                        209

 1   states that these programs additionally

 2   constructed or began construction on over

 3   5,000 new residential units to ensure that

 4   their constituents have stable,

 5   well-cared-for housing.

 6         This work, these vital services, are

 7   an investment in the community, as shown by

 8   the more than 400 businesses who were

 9   attracted to these revitalized areas in 2019.

10         Thanks to the Legislature, last year

11   was an historic year with the passing of the

12   Housing     Stability and Tenant Protection Act.

13   We must keep this great momentum going,

14   because there is more work to be done.    The

15   research clearly shows that the number of

16   individuals and families that are becoming

17   cost-burdened and severely cost-burdened is

18   increasing for both owners and renters.    The

19   work of the NPCs is becoming more and more

20   critical.

21         Funding the NPCs in the coalition is a

22   sound investment in the state, as

23   appropriated dollars spur economic

24   development and maximize the state's existing
                                                      210

 1   funding commitment to create and maintain

 2   affordable housing units.

 3         Affordable housing isn't merely an

 4   investment in economic capital -- its true

 5   benefit is an investment in human capital.

 6   The benefit of the NPP is that it doesn't

 7   assume a one-size-fits-all solution for

 8   affordable housing.     It rather understands

 9   that each neighborhood is best served not by

10   forcing solutions on communities from above,

11   but rather by enabling residents to take

12   responsibility for their own community.

13   Needs may differ, but the ingredients of

14   community ownership and government support

15   must remain constant.

16         The NPCs create waves of both economic

17   and social benefits resulting in a situation

18   not of "We're from the government and we're

19   here to help," but, rather, "I'm your

20   neighbor and understand this challenge.    Let

21   me work with you."

22         While we appreciate that Governor

23   Cuomo for the first time ever proposed last

24   year's funding level of 12.8 million for the
                                                       211

 1   NPP in his Executive Budget, the reality is

 2   that the NPCs have been operating at a triage

 3   level in the state for years.    During the

 4   past two decades, the rate of renters cost

 5   burdened has increased from 40 to 50 percent;

 6   the rate of severely cost-burdened from 19 to

 7   27 percent.    The financial support granted to

 8   the NPCs has not increased at a commensurate

 9   rate.

10           Unfortunately, the coalition has no

11   funding allocated towards it in the Executive

12   Budget.     Thanks to the support of the

13   Legislature, we have traditionally been

14   funded in the final budget.    Unfortunately,

15   our level of funding has been stagnant at

16   150,000 for two decades, even though the

17   services provided continue to grow.    We

18   therefore respectfully request an increase to

19   200,000, allowing us to better serve our

20   members through enhanced training and support

21   services.

22           I'm pleased to have had this

23   opportunity to speak with you about the vital

24   importance of the work the Neighborhood
                                                        212

 1   Preservation Companies do and the need to

 2   ensure that the Neighborhood Preservation

 3   Program is fully funded at $14.5 million, an

 4   increase of $1.7 million, and the

 5   Neighborhood Preservation Coalition at

 6   $200,000 in the final budget.

 7         Thank you for your time and attention.

 8         MR. SEBASTIAN:   I'm under a lot of

 9   pressure now, as he nailed the time frame.

10         Thank you all for having us here.       My

11   name is Blair Sebastian.   I work with a group

12   called New York State Rural Advocates.    We're

13   a conglomeration of community-based

14   not-for-profits, RPCs, and others -- some of

15   the financial institutions who serve in our

16   market, and actually some of the small

17   contractors who do the work that we all do.

18         We have submitted written testimony

19   that details our point of view on a number of

20   issues with respect to the Executive Budget

21   proposal and our own perceived need for

22   additional funding in some places.    But I

23   just want to sort of mumble my way through

24   four points here out of that testimony that
                                                       213

 1   I'd like to highlight.

 2         We spend a lot of time, as Rural

 3   Advocates, talking about particular

 4   challenges of trying to operate in rural

 5   communities.   Two of those issues that come

 6   to the fore most often are the small scale of

 7   those communities and the limited access to

 8   resources, both financial and human

 9   resources, in small rural communities.

10         The Rural Preservation Company model

11   is a great model to address those challenges.

12   These are community-based organizations -- as

13   Mark says, they're controlled by local boards

14   of directors, the decisions about their

15   priorities and how they deliver programming

16   is in response to the local context within

17   which they work, and they wind up providing a

18   very highly targeted product that fits these

19   small variable rural communities very well.

20         Another issue that we address in the

21   written testimony is funding for the

22   Affordable Housing Corporation program.    This

23   is a point of some frustration for those of

24   us who work in rural areas.   Those counties
                                                       214

 1   in our state that are more than 50 percent

 2   rural are also more than 70 percent dominated

 3   by homeowners.   These are very much

 4   homeownership markets.

 5         We're interested in a resource that

 6   both helps expand and drive homeownership and

 7   deals with the challenges that existing

 8   homeowners are faced with.    The housing stock

 9   in rural New York tends to be older.      It's

10   suffered from some disinvestment as a result

11   of the lack of resources.    AHC is really an

12   important tool to address that problem.

13         AHC, the Affordable Housing

14   Corporation program was created in 1985 with

15   what were then known as the big three funding

16   programs:   The Housing Trust Fund

17   Corporation, HHAP, and AHC.   All three

18   programs started out at $25 million.   This

19   year I believe the Executive proposes 44.2

20   for the trust fund and through our other

21   programs now that supplement the trust fund.

22   We're thrilled to see HHAP proposed at

23   128 million; it's a terrific program that

24   works very, very well in our communities.
                                                     215

 1         Meanwhile, the Affordable Housing

 2   Corporation is $1 million over where it was

 3   in 1985.   In 35 years we've gone from

 4   $25 million in funding to $26 million in

 5   funding, while the costs of construction and

 6   doing business have skyrocketed over that

 7   period.

 8         We are supportive of some changes to

 9   the Affordable Housing Corporation program

10   that would increase the per-unit limits in

11   the -- for the program for the first time in

12   15 years, to sort of bring them up-to-date

13   with current construction costs.   That's

14   either we're going to reduce the number of

15   units we're able to address or we're going to

16   need an increased appropriation.   We hope

17   you'll consider that.

18         Again, the small scale of rural

19   communities means that rental housing in

20   those communities also has to be

21   appropriately scaled, which means relatively

22   small projects.   Most of the tools that we

23   have at our fingertips in the 21st century to

24   deal with rental housing involves -- requires
                                                        216

 1   some scale, whether it's tax credits or

 2   bonded programs.   Those all require much

 3   bigger projects than are practical in small

 4   rural communities.

 5         We really need a program designed

 6   specifically to support small projects.

 7   We've had a couple of examples of that over

 8   the past several years.     I think it was 2013,

 9   there was a $12 million set-aside out of the

10   Housing Trust Fund for small projects.      That

11   initiative was desperately oversubscribed.

12   Did some great projects, recovered some very

13   old Housing Trust Fund projects, brought them

14   back up to speed, put some other smaller

15   projects in small communities back online.

16         And more recently, the commission in

17   the last couple of years has talked about the

18   SRDI program, a program developed by the --

19   nope -- I won't do so good, Mark -- developed

20   by the Office of Community Renewal that

21   addresses small projects.

22         Thank you.

23         MR. KELLER:    Good afternoon.   I am

24   Jeff Keller, and I'm the executive director
                                                      217

 1   for the New York State Rural Housing

 2   Coalition.   Beside me is Colin McKnight, the

 3   deputy director for the coalition.

 4         I'd like to thank the chairs and

 5   members of the committees for holding this

 6   hearing and allowing us to testify on behalf

 7   of the affordable housing concerns of rural

 8   New Yorkers.

 9         One year ago I came before this joint

10   committee asking the Legislature to restore

11   the funding for our affordable housing

12   program and to reject the deep cuts in the

13   Executive Budget.   Today, thanks to the

14   members of these committees and the

15   Legislature, I'm happy to come before you and

16   start my testimony by saying thank you.

17   Because of your constant support, the funding

18   for RPP, NPP, and other affordable housing

19   programs did not see the drastic cuts in this

20   year's Executive Budget.   We cannot thank you

21   enough for this support and what it means for

22   the rural communities of New York.

23         Rural New Yorkers face many of the

24   same housing issues that you see in urban and
                                                    218

 1   suburban New York.   With the lack of

 2   affordable housing, we need housing for

 3   special-needs populations, homes need rehab,

 4   and also we are seeing increases in rents.

 5   With that in mind, I would like to talk with

 6   you about the work that the Rural Housing

 7   Coalition and our Rural Preservation

 8   Corporations, known as RPCs, do across the

 9   state and talk to you about the ways the

10   Legislature can further enhance these

11   efforts.

12         The coalition supports our members and

13   our network of rural housing professionals.

14   Our members help build and manage affordable

15   housing developments, do rehabilitation of

16   single- and multifamily residences, mobile

17   and manufactured home replacements, and work

18   on helping your constituents find affordable

19   housing options.   The coalition serves as a

20   source of education, best practices, and

21   technical assistance to allow our members to

22   serve these underserved populations.

23         But what does that really mean?     We

24   currently have 58 RPCs in New York.     Over
                                                       219

 1   75 percent of those RPCs own or manage an

 2   average of 60 affordable housing units per

 3   RPC.   RPCs are also active in housing

 4   rehabilitation and replacement for

 5   low-to-moderate-income households, working on

 6   an average of almost 40 houses annually per

 7   RPC.   All of these programs are in addition

 8   to helping your constituents navigate the

 9   process of finding affordable housing in

10   their communities.

11          We serve the most underserved in the

12   communities, from low-income to seniors,

13   veterans, victims of domestic violence,

14   homeless and homeless youth, those with

15   physical disabilities and those recovering

16   from substance abuse.

17          Our members and the coalition are

18   diligent stewards of the monies we receive

19   from the state and actively bring in other

20   sources of funding, both private and federal,

21   to make sure that the state funds are

22   enhanced and compounded.   Without a doubt, we

23   take the funds from the state and turn it

24   into one of the best investments around.     We
                                                     220

 1   are the boots on the ground -- developing,

 2   maintaining, rehabbing, and making sure that

 3   affordable housing is available for those in

 4   need.

 5           With that in mind, I'd like to

 6   highlight some of the funding requests that

 7   we have.

 8           We ask that the funding for the

 9   RPP/NPP program receive an increase to

10   6.1 million for RPP funding, which will allow

11   for 100,000 for each RPC, the development of

12   two new RPCs in underserved areas, and an

13   increase to 200,000 for the coalition.    I

14   would ask the committee to make sure that

15   both the Assembly and Senate include language

16   to make sure the coalition receives our

17   funding as part of the approved programmatic

18   budget.

19           I would also note that we are looking

20   for this increase to be in parity with the

21   Neighborhood Preservation Coalition, with

22   them also receiving 100,000 per NPC, 200,000

23   for the coalition, and an increase of four

24   NPCs.
                                                       221

 1           We also ask that AHC funding be

 2   restored to parity with the Housing Trust

 3   Fund.   This would be an increase from

 4   26 million to 44.2 million.

 5           We ask that HHAP funding be restored

 6   to a level deemed appropriate to carry out

 7   the program and the needed homeownership

 8   education and foreclosure prevention

 9   programs.    The coalition knows these programs

10   are extremely effective ways to help provide

11   education and resources to those facing

12   foreclosure.

13           Furthermore, we ask for slight

14   increases in four other programs.   For the

15   Manufactured Home Advantage program, which

16   allows for the replacement of mobile homes

17   and manufactured homes, which represents one

18   of the largest forms of affordable housing in

19   rural communities -- and we see continuing

20   issues -- we ask the funding increase to

21   6 million.

22           For the New York State Main Street

23   program, a highly successful program that has

24   rural communities and leaders finding new
                                                       222

 1   approaches to enhancing their main streets,

 2   we ask for an increase of at least one

 3   million.

 4         We ask for an additional increase of

 5   at least 1 million to both the Access to Home

 6   programs and the HOPE/RESTORE programs, which

 7   help provide vital assistance to ensure that

 8   the elderly and disabled can continue to live

 9   independently.

10         Finally, the coalition and our members

11   are grateful for all the hard work and

12   dedication that the HCR staff provides to our

13   programs.    They're truly a wonderful partner,

14   and I know that in my first year as executive

15   director they've been a major asset to us.

16         While the staff does amazing work, the

17   need for affordable housing has led to longer

18   approvals and reviews and less time for staff

19   to do lien releases and application or exit

20   interviews.   We ask that as HCR looks to

21   increase their staff, they look to focus on

22   that area.

23         Thank you very much for the

24   opportunity to speak to you today, and we're
                                                     223

 1   happy to answer any questions you have.

 2         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you for

 3   being here.

 4         We have a question from Senate Chair

 5   Brian Kavanagh.

 6         SENATOR KAVANAGH:     Thank you.

 7         And I'll try to be brief, noting the

 8   relatively late hour and the very long list

 9   of witnesses.

10         But I just want to thank all three of

11   your organizations for your, you know,

12   constant advocacy.   And as a relatively new

13   chair of the Housing Committee, you've all

14   been particularly helpful to me in

15   representing communities across the state

16   that I'm somewhat less familiar with, so it's

17   been a great education.

18         I also think it's important to note

19   the -- you credited the legislators who have

20   advocated for the Neighborhood and Rural

21   Preservation Programs and to keep them whole

22   each year for many years.   And I think, you

23   know, that is -- it is a long, distinguished

24   sort of tradition of advocacy, again starting
                                                       224

 1   with Denny Farrell.    But I think it's also a

 2   credit to your organizations that you've, you

 3   know, carried the torch for so long.

 4         And I think it's worth giving credit

 5   where credit is due.   I think it's been a

 6   number of years where the Executive Budget

 7   each year began a dance where the number was

 8   rolled back about $6 million to the previous

 9   Executive Budget, and then we would fight to

10   get it in the enacted budget and we would

11   succeed.   I think it's worthwhile to note

12   that the Executive has decided to, you know,

13   fund these programs at the level that they

14   were in the enacted budget last year right

15   from the get-go.

16         So I think the Governor and his staff

17   should be complimented for that, and I think,

18   again, that's a credit to your advocacy.

19         I want to just ask a question about

20   the proposal to get HCR to put out an RFP for

21   two new Rural Preservation Corporations.     Is

22   there -- would that be -- would the intent be

23   to fill gaps in specific -- for those who are

24   following, this is on page 3 of the Rural
                                                        225

 1   Housing Coalition testimony.     But would that

 2   be to fill the gap in specific jurisdictions

 3   that you've identified?     Or is there just

 4   this sort of general sense that there might

 5   be greater capacity for these kinds of

 6   corporations to work in the state?

 7           MR. KELLER:   It would be to fill the

 8   gaps.   We do have, in the rural side, five

 9   communities that either do not have an RPC

10   currently or have recently lost one.     So it

11   would be to fill the gaps in those areas that

12   do not have service right now.

13           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay.   So just in

14   the interests of time, I will end it.     But if

15   you could get us specific -- they're --

16   you're mentioning -- I don't know if they

17   would be countywide, or are they specifically

18   within these counties that are mentioned?

19           MR. KELLER:   Most of them are

20   countywide.   The one that I would say is --

21   two are not -- is rural Schenectady County

22   and Northern Dutchess County, would be the

23   two that are not countywide.

24           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay.   So we do
                                                       226

 1   appreciate just additional information about,

 2   you know, the catchment areas and the needs

 3   there.    And to the extent there are

 4   organizations that have been incumbent

 5   organizations in those areas that are maybe

 6   not -- you know, you're expecting maybe won't

 7   be doing that work, we'd just appreciate

 8   additional information.     But I'll leave that

 9   for offline so we can keep moving here.

10            But again, thank you all for all of

11   your work and your advocacy and for

12   testifying today.

13            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

14            We have a question from Senator

15   Seward.

16            SENATOR SEWARD:   Yup, thank you.

17            I wanted to ask a quick question on

18   the Lake Ontario relief program which your

19   agencies have been involved in --

20            MR. KELLER:   Yes, they have.

21            SENATOR SEWARD:   -- on behalf of the

22   state.    And number one, I want to thank you,

23   you know, for your efforts and activities

24   along that line.    Greatly needed, as you
                                                       227

 1   know, with the -- some of the -- particularly

 2   the homeowners along the shoreline.

 3         My question is, you know, how is that

 4   going, in your estimation?     Are we meeting

 5   the needs that are out there in terms of

 6   these homeowners and others?

 7         MR. SEBASTIAN:    Well, for my part, the

 8   sense is the demand is overwhelming.

 9   Organizations on the ground who have been

10   dealing with this have been challenged to

11   deal with the number of applicants that have

12   been to the program.   I kind of have the

13   sense that the resources are being used up at

14   a fairly rapid rate, and that I think can

15   cause some concern.

16         Colin, have you got --

17         MR. McKNIGHT:    We got involved in the

18   Lake Ontario project because we had a VISTA

19   volunteer program that we were running and we

20   were able to provide one of those agencies

21   with the services of VISTA to help with the

22   caseload that they were dealing with.    And if

23   memory serves, she was carrying a caseload of

24   almost 4,000 files.
                                                       228

 1         And that's an example of the kind of

 2   demand that there is for this service.      I'm

 3   sure not all of those people ended up being

 4   served because of limited resources.    But it

 5   certainly shows the scope of what the impact

 6   is of these kind of natural disasters and the

 7   need for some planning for the future in

 8   terms of emergency response in vulnerable

 9   rural communities.

10         I think that there is a need for

11   anticipation for this kind of disaster and

12   coming up with appropriate programmatic

13   responses that really do make sense based on

14   the experience of the most recent two

15   flooding cycles.

16         SENATOR SEWARD:    Well, I appreciate

17   your perspective here today.   And more than

18   that, I appreciate your efforts on behalf of

19   those property owners.

20         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

21         Thank you, gentlemen.

22         Next we have the Habitat for Humanity

23   of New York City.

24         MR. DUNBAR:    Good afternoon.   My name
                                                     229

 1   is Matthew Dunbar, I oversee external affairs

 2   for Habitat for Humanity New York City.

 3            My colleague from Habitat New York

 4   State fell ill and was unable to accompany me

 5   today, but I represent about 40 affiliates,

 6   Habitat for Humanity affiliates across the

 7   state.    We are all not-for-profit

 8   homebuilders that focus specifically on

 9   affordable homeownership, and we serve

10   families ranging from as low as 40 percent

11   AMI up to about 90 percent AMI in New York

12   City.    In New York City we've served over

13   1300 families through our home purchase and

14   preservation work.

15            And I want to -- I sit here today to

16   testify and thank all of you for the past

17   support that we've received from the state,

18   and especially to HCR and their amazing staff

19   that has provided funding through the

20   Affordable Housing Corporation and through

21   SONYMA to allow us to continue to serve

22   homeownership opportunities with low-income

23   families and not see that AMI go up into the

24   moderate and the middle-income range.
                                                       230

 1         Support from the state is critically

 2   important for what we do.    Every Habitat home

 3   that we build in New York City has Affordable

 4   Housing Corporation funding in it, and every

 5   Habitat homeowner that purchases a home in

 6   New York City receives a SONYMA mortgage to

 7   keep that home affordable.

 8         But as was mentioned by the previous

 9   panel and some of the previous folks

10   testifying from the coalitions that we're a

11   part of, the Affordable Housing Corporation

12   funding has not kept up with the cost of

13   construction.   It was mentioned that the

14   program was started in 1985, funded at a

15   level of $25 million, and it has now

16   increased by about 4 percent to $26 million

17   over those 35 years.   And the program is

18   statutory, meaning that the funding that we

19   can access for each home is set in the law.

20         And so we are supportive of the law

21   that's been put forward by Assemblymember

22   Walker and Senator Bailey to reform the

23   program and to increase the per-unit funding

24   level to up to $75,000 per unit, in
                                                     231

 1   accordance with cost increases that have

 2   tripled over the past 35 years.   We're

 3   supportive of that and, in connection with

 4   that increase, we would love to see that

 5   legislation incorporated into the budget.

 6         But of course with more money

 7   allocated per unit, we need to see the budget

 8   right-sized as well.   So we stand with the

 9   previous members who are asking for a budget

10   rightsizing to see that budget go from

11   26 million to the 44.2 million, in parity

12   with the Housing Trust Fund program.

13         But as we also understand that with

14   increased resources, public resources, there

15   should be increased public benefit.    And so

16   the legislation that has been put forward

17   really does emphasize that the larger amounts

18   of funds can be tiered by the -- by HCR to

19   ensure that the largest amounts in the

20   highest-cost communities are paired with

21   longer terms and deeper levels of

22   affordability.

23         And so we're happy to be a member and

24   a cofounder of Interboro Community Land
                                                      232

 1   Trust, which is the first citywide CLT in the

 2   city, and we stand with community land trusts

 3   across the state to advocate for another bill

 4   that is introduced by Senator Montgomery and

 5   Assemblymember Maritza Davila that would

 6   provide stable and fair taxation for

 7   properties on community land trusts.   As of

 8   right now, none of the properties that are

 9   currently on CLTs have any legislation that

10   backs up that the properties that are resale

11   restricted should be taxed at their

12   resale-restricted rate and not at market

13   rate.

14           And so as we seek to build more homes,

15   both single-family and multifamily

16   cooperatives, on community land trusts and

17   utilize greater public resources to do so, we

18   do want to see long-term and permanent

19   affordability.   And so we encourage the CLT

20   fair taxation bill to be incorporated into

21   the budget as well so that we can see that

22   affordable housing that we built today last

23   for generations.

24           And lastly, I also want to stand with
                                                       233

 1   those that came before me in supporting the

 2   HOPP program and fully funding foreclosure

 3   preservation counseling and legal services,

 4   as well as a program that's been put forward

 5   by the Governor to fund the Community

 6   Development Financial Institutions at

 7   $25 million and to ensure that that funding

 8   will be extended both to banks, credit

 9   unions, and also community funds like the

10   Habitat New York City Community Fund that

11   funds housing preservation and creation as

12   well.

13            So I thank you for all of your time,

14   and I'm happy to take any questions.

15            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Assemblyman

16   Blake.

17            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Thank you.

18            Thank you, Matthew, for your comments.

19   And specifically, you mentioned CLTs several

20   times; I want to just get some guidance and

21   some clarity here.

22            First of all, can you convey the

23   efforts of collaborating with community-based

24   housing advocates on the ground, the success
                                                      234

 1   you're seeing around what could be done there

 2   to partner, of course, with local financial

 3   institutions?   You've talked about CDFIs,

 4   which obviously is a critical element of

 5   this.

 6           And specifically, how can places like

 7   the Bronx and other areas similar to that

 8   equally see benefit here?    I think a lot of

 9   us are trying to figure out how do our

10   community entities actually benefit from this

11   program.

12           MR. DUNBAR:   Well, thank you for your

13   question.

14           So community land trusts are

15   essentially, you know, not-for-profit

16   organizations that come together -- kind of

17   the classic governance structure is a

18   tripartite board in which the board has

19   representatives from the community, from

20   residents who live in housing on the CLTs,

21   and from other outside experts.

22           There are, you know, successful

23   examples of community land trusts that have

24   existed in New York State, including
                                                      235

 1   Cooper Square on the Lower East Side.

 2   There's one right here in Albany, Albany CLT.

 3   There's a -- you know, a CLT in the

 4   Adirondacks and across the state.   And each

 5   one of those -- and Ithaca as well, Long

 6   Island.

 7         All of them essentially kind of form

 8   in order to make sure that the land is owned

 9   collectively by that not-for-profit, in

10   partnership with the community, and have

11   that, you know, long-term ground lease with

12   the housing that is created on top, to ensure

13   that that housing is affordable for

14   generations to come.   So on the homeownership

15   side, there would be a ground lease saying

16   that there would be resale restrictions for

17   the future homebuyers and that low-income

18   people would have access and those sales

19   prices would be limited.

20         So across -- so speaking of -- on the

21   local level, there is a lot of conversation

22   up in northern Manhattan, the Bronx, and in

23   various other areas where people are coming

24   together to do so.   We just need to
                                                      236

 1   understand how they will be taxed affordably

 2   and then partner it with existing housing

 3   programs to make it successful.

 4            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    So just to be

 5   specific, you mentioned examples in other

 6   parts of the state.     I want to go back

 7   concretely -- for the areas like the Bronx,

 8   how would this work, how is this working, how

 9   are you engaging with all of the financial

10   institutions or housing advocates?      And is

11   there a track record of success that's

12   happening here that we can then focus in on

13   specifically within the Bronx and similar

14   areas?

15            MR. DUNBAR:   Sure.   So from my

16   understanding, I don't believe that there are

17   any community land trusts currently

18   incorporated and -- with housing in the

19   Bronx.    The one that's the best example in

20   New York City is Cooper Square on the

21   Lower East Side, where they had I think over

22   350 units within their community land trust.

23   They're all structured as MHA co-ops.

24            And so, you know, I would say, you
                                                       237

 1   know, Interboro Community Land Trust is

 2   citywide, and so we can partner with existing

 3   programs and with existing developers to

 4   develop the land or preserve buildings and

 5   transfer them onto a CLT in that way.   But as

 6   of right now, there's no examples in the

 7   Bronx that I can show you.

 8         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

 9         We have Senator Krueger for a

10   question.

11         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Sorry, I'm sorry.

12   Sneezing at the wrong time.

13         I think as a follow-up question for

14   Michael Blake's question, have there been

15   cases where Habitat for Humanity homes have

16   been then sold off after they are built for

17   market rate, as opposed to remaining in

18   perpetuity affordable?   And can that still

19   happen, and what can we do about it?

20         MR. DUNBAR:   Yeah.    So in the past,

21   the Habitat -- we started off by building

22   HDFC co-ops on the Lower East Side.    And then

23   through various programs and during the

24   nineties and the aughts, we moved into more
                                                        238

 1   condo development, which had UDAAP tax

 2   exemptions rather than Article 11 tax

 3   exemptions.   And those were more structured

 4   as kind of anti-flip mortgages, recapture

 5   mortgages.

 6           And so there are examples in which

 7   Habitat homes that have been developed in

 8   Harlem or in Bed-Stuy were structured as

 9   condos, and then after 15 years or so they

10   are sold.    Some of the subsidies are

11   recaptured, but it's really sold at market

12   rate.

13           So we have transitioned away from that

14   model to ensure that the funding that we get

15   from the city and the state and from our

16   philanthropic partners lasts for generations.

17   So we have moved our multifamily construction

18   now in New York City -- is predominantly

19   cooperatives, and we have helped to establish

20   the CLT to ensure that both our single family

21   homes and our and multifamily homes are

22   affordable for generations to come.

23           Across the state, it would vary.      We

24   have a saying in the Habitat world:      If
                                                         239

 1   you've seen one Habitat affiliate, you've

 2   seen one Habitat affiliate.     But there is a

 3   lot of momentum and interest in establishing

 4   and partnering with community land trusts to

 5   ensure that in addition to the deed

 6   restrictions that we put on our homes for

 7   resale, that it would get stronger and even

 8   longer-lasting over time.

 9         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:       Thank you.

10         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Thank you for

11   being here today.

12         So next we have a panel --

13         MR. DUNBAR:       Thank you so much.

14         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:       -- a panel with

15   Association for Neighborhood and Housing

16   Development, Emily Goldstein; Center for NYC

17   Neighborhoods, Christie Peale -- and is

18   someone here for Churches United for Fair

19   Housing?   Yes?   No?   I guess no.   They

20   haven't checked in.

21         Okay, thank you.      If there's anybody

22   in the audience who was scheduled to speak

23   who hasn't checked in at the top desk, please

24   do, because we need to know you're here.
                                                     240

 1         So it's five minutes for each of you,

 2   and then if there are questions, we will ask.

 3   Just identify yourself when you speak.

 4         MS. GOLDSTEIN:    Good afternoon, and

 5   thank you for the opportunity to testify.

 6         My name is Emily Goldstein.    I'm the

 7   director of organizing and advocacy at the

 8   Association for Neighborhood and Housing

 9   Development, or ANHD.   I want to thank the

10   chairs of the committees and all of the

11   Senators and Assemblymembers who are here

12   today for this important hearing.

13         ANHD's mission is to advance

14   equitable, flourishing neighborhoods for all

15   New Yorkers.   We work in coalition with our

16   approximately 80 member organizations as well

17   as allies and partners to support policies

18   and programs that center justice, equity and

19   opportunity for New York's marginalized

20   communities and neighborhoods.

21         First and foremost, we want to applaud

22   this Legislature for passing the Housing

23   Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019.

24   This law is a game-changer and an historic
                                                      241

 1   opportunity to provide crucial protections

 2   for the 365,000 low-income households that

 3   live in rent-regulated apartments, as well as

 4   beginning to create some new protections

 5   against harassment and displacement for the

 6   well over 3 million renters across the state.

 7         We do hope to see those protections

 8   expanded this year with the passage of "good

 9   cause" eviction to further extend necessary

10   protections to all New York State residents

11   and renters.

12         The strength of our rent regulation

13   system is dependent on strong and consistent

14   enforcement and timely processing.   Given the

15   significant expansion in rent regulation

16   processes from the HSTPA, we recommend an

17   increase in the ORA's budget sufficient to

18   fully enact and enforce the new law.

19         It is our understanding that the

20   budget increase ORA received in FY19 -- I'm

21   sorry, FY20 -- was to address the backlog in

22   processing overcharges and tenant complaints,

23   which do remain an ongoing concern for many

24   New York City residents, as I have personally
                                                      242

 1   heard in many community meetings.   In order

 2   to effectuate the additional changes in the

 3   new rent laws, ORA does, we believe, need

 4   additional staff, legal services, equipment

 5   and technological systems.   Without a

 6   significant increase in ORA's budget, they

 7   won't be able to successfully implement the

 8   groundbreaking changes to the law that were

 9   passed in 2019.

10         In addition, we feel that the Tenant

11   Protection Unit, TPU, has done important and

12   impactful work with its existing resources,

13   reregulating nearly 80,000 units, as the

14   commissioner mentioned earlier this

15   afternoon, and reaching important settlements

16   with landlords who have patterns of

17   systematic tenant harassment.

18         Given the size of the rent-regulated

19   housing stock in New York State and the

20   expanded protections under the new laws, we

21   believe TPU needs additional funding to

22   continue this important work and increase its

23   impact.   We recommend increasing their budget

24   to 10 million -- approximately doubling --
                                                      243

 1   thus expanding their ability to do audits,

 2   investigations, and take legal actions.

 3         Moving on, ANHD supports the Home

 4   Stability Support program, a form of rental

 5   assistance for low-income families and

 6   individuals who are facing eviction,

 7   homelessness, or loss of housing due to

 8   domestic violence or hazardous conditions.

 9   This program would help bridge the difference

10   between public assistance and shelter

11   allowance and fair market rents for those

12   leaving the homeless shelter system or who

13   are at risk of homelessness.

14         State funding is also crucially needed

15   to address the critical infrastructure and

16   capital needs of public housing throughout

17   the state.   This is an irreplaceable resource

18   for all New Yorkers and should be prioritized

19   in our budget.   There are hundreds of

20   thousands living in unacceptable conditions

21   that public housing residents face each day.

22         We recommend this year that the

23   State Legislature invest $3 billion to fix

24   and preserve public housing statewide, with
                                                       244

 1   approximately $2 billion directed to NYCHA

 2   and $1 billion directed to the rest of the

 3   state, proportional to population.

 4         Finally, ANHD supports full funding

 5   for the HOPP program, as was discussed by

 6   many people earlier this afternoon.    New York

 7   homeowners and their communities continue to

 8   struggle with the devastation caused by

 9   foreclosures.    The Communities First campaign

10   ensures that low- and moderate-income

11   homeowners throughout the state in every

12   county of New York receive vital housing

13   counseling and legal services necessary to

14   protect homeownership, prevent blight, and

15   prevent further foreclosures.

16         Thank you again for the opportunity to

17   testify today and for all your great work for

18   preserving housing for the residents of

19   New York State, and I'd be happy to answer

20   any questions.

21         MS. PEALE:    Good afternoon.   My name

22   is Christie Peale, and I'm the executive

23   director of the Center for New York City

24   Neighborhoods.
                                                       245

 1         I'd like to thank Chairs Krueger,

 2   Weinstein, Kavanagh, and Cymbrowitz for the

 3   opportunity to testify today and for your

 4   stamina.   I really appreciate that so many of

 5   you have stayed so long in the day on this

 6   really critical issue.

 7         So the center's mission is to promote

 8   and protect affordable homeownership.    We are

 9   here today primarily to talk about the

10   Homeowner Protection Program, but I just want

11   to start by thanking my colleagues from

12   across the affordable housing spectrum for

13   supporting all of our collective work.

14         We really feel that affordable housing

15   is part of a continuum.   There are many

16   homeowners who will be renters, renters who

17   will be homeowners, folks from NYCHA who want

18   to own a home -- and we don't see any of

19   these issues as separate, but really all very

20   much connected.   And so we fully support the

21   five-year housing budget plan that our

22   colleagues at the New York Housing

23   Conference, and more, had referenced.

24         In addition, I know that last year our
                                                      246

 1   funding in the State Budget was truly a

 2   collaborative effort between the Senate, the

 3   Assembly, the Executive, and the Office of

 4   the Attorney General.   So we just want to say

 5   a huge thank you for allowing the services

 6   that exist from Buffalo to Long Island to

 7   continue to serve so many at-risk

 8   New Yorkers.

 9         There's a lot of information in our

10   testimony and in subsequent testimonies, but

11   I just wanted to make sure that we

12   highlighted who we serve.   Not only are we

13   serving almost 16,000 homeowners a year -- in

14   New York City, 80 percent of the folks that

15   the HOPP groups serve are families of color,

16   52 percent of those African-American

17   families -- so we're really focused on

18   righting a lot of the wrongs that have

19   happened over the years in homeownership and

20   housing that have had a really

21   disproportionate, deleterious impact on

22   African-American, Latinx, and other families

23   of color.

24         It's really important that we preserve
                                                      247

 1   this critical piece of the social safety net.

 2   I take issue with some of the statistics that

 3   were previously cited about foreclosures

 4   being down by 10 percent from last year.   We

 5   have not seen that.   At our best day, doing

 6   this work since 2009, we are able to see

 7   10 percent of the people in need.   And

 8   unfortunately, we're in a new normal where

 9   there are 22,000 new foreclosures every

10   year -- so we still see a very high demand

11   for our services.

12         I'm very curious to find out where

13   this $10 million that the commissioner

14   testified about is.   As far as the Attorney

15   General's office has let us know, we got

16   funded at a $20 million level.   Those

17   contracts end on March 31st, and we have no

18   confidence at this point that we'll be able

19   to keep our doors open.

20         We've surveyed our colleagues across

21   the state.   We think 28 of the groups that we

22   work with would have to close their doors if

23   there isn't additional funding, and 26 would

24   have to reduce their services to down to one
                                                     248

 1   or two providers.

 2         All of the homeownership initiatives

 3   that we run throughout the state are

 4   leveraged by HOPP.   You know, HOPP is not

 5   only providing legal services assistance for

 6   folks that are in the legal process of

 7   foreclosure, but it helps folks that are

 8   trying to buy a home avoid getting

 9   discriminated against in fair lending or

10   other issues, it helps leverage other

11   funding -- which is frankly not sufficient --

12   from HUD and other sources, and it's a

13   really, really critical foundational piece of

14   all of the other programs that we talked

15   about that serve and promote affordable

16   homeownership.

17         So it won't just impact the homeowners

18   that are trying to save their homes, it will

19   impact homeowners that are trying to buy and

20   a lot of other new opportunities we have for

21   families to build as well.

22         So there are a lot of other spots in

23   the testimony.   I just wanted to highlight

24   that the majority of families that we serve
                                                       249

 1   are in financial distress through no fault of

 2   their own -- a loss of employment, a

 3   catastrophic health issue, the loss of a

 4   family member.   You know, there are things

 5   that can happen to anybody at any time, and

 6   we now know that we need these services.     We

 7   didn't have them before the crisis.    I think

 8   we wouldn't have had as significant a crisis

 9   if the HOPP network had been around.

10         And we're very anxious about what the

11   future holds for our state and these

12   communities, and we really appreciate all of

13   your support and working with you to keep

14   these critical services open.

15         Thank you so much.

16         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

17         We go to Assemblyman Cymbrowitz.

18         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:    Thank you

19   very much.

20         Emily, I wanted to ask you about the

21   DAP program --

22         MS. GOLDSTEIN:    Sure.

23         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     -- that

24   you've put together, which as a matter of
                                                       250

 1   fact we have a training for members next

 2   week.   If you could talk about that, but also

 3   about the Displacement Alert portal.     I

 4   understand that there is -- you've been

 5   defunded, that there's no money in the budget

 6   for that?

 7           MS. GOLDSTEIN:    So thank you for that

 8   question.   So one of ANHD's projects is the

 9   Displacement Alert project, which includes a

10   new component, a portal.

11           We think that it is crucial to be

12   making data available to community

13   organizations, to residents, and to elected

14   officials so that they can better evaluate

15   and analyze and then respond to the needs of

16   local communities.   So we do a lot of work to

17   essentially take all of the open data

18   available and put it into an accessible,

19   searchable online form.     We're very excited

20   to be doing that training next week.

21           We did rely last year on state funding

22   to help us basically put state-level

23   geographies into our system so that you all

24   are able to look at the data by Assembly
                                                         251

 1   district or by Senate district and add some

 2   additional information as it became

 3   available.   We hope to be able to continue to

 4   provide and expand that work, but don't

 5   currently have funding for that.

 6         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     How important

 7   is restoration of those funds?

 8         MS. GOLDSTEIN:     I mean I think we

 9   will, you know, keep up what we have.      We're

10   not going to take it off our website.      But in

11   order to be able to continue to update the

12   data, provide timely information, and expand

13   it to add additional options for searches and

14   for analysis, we do need that funding.

15         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Thank you.

16         MS. GOLDSTEIN:   Thank you.

17         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Senate?

18         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

19         Senator Salazar.

20         SENATOR SALAZAR:     Thank you.     I just

21   had a quick clarifying question for Emily.

22         In your testimony you mentioned that

23   you support the state investing $3 billion

24   annually in -- dedicated to public housing
                                                     252

 1   statewide.    And with $2 billion directed to

 2   NYCHA, was that 2 billion of the 3?

 3            MS. GOLDSTEIN:   Yes.

 4            SENATOR SALAZAR:   Okay.   Sorry.

 5   Thanks.

 6            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Assemblyman

 7   Felix Ortiz.

 8            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   Thank you,

 9   Madam Chair.    I also have a quick question

10   for the Center for NYC Neighborhoods.

11            On the Association for Neighborhood

12   and Housing Development -- and I quote -- on

13   their paper, you say that "ANHD also supports

14   full funding for the Communities First

15   Campaign," which I do support.      "New York

16   homeowners and their communities continue to

17   struggle with the devastation caused by

18   foreclosures," and I close quote.

19            And on the other hand, in your

20   statement you have stated that, and I quote,

21   "The Center is a proud member of the

22   Homeowner Protection Program funding campaign

23   to preserve foreclosure" -- and I close

24   quote.
                                                     253

 1         So my question to you -- and I read

 2   all the beautiful testimonies that are

 3   here -- is that I represent the area of

 4   Sunset Park and Red Hook, and my question to

 5   you is if it has been any help to any of the

 6   foreclosure people that live in my district.

 7   And if the answer is yes, can you provide us

 8   with who those people are, that we will be

 9   able to also follow up with them as well?

10         MS. PEALE:   Yeah.

11         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    And I thank you

12   for the work that you guys do.

13         MS. PEALE:    Thank you for the

14   question.   We can provide you statistics

15   with -- of the number of homeowners that

16   we've -- that the HOPP network has assisted

17   in your district, and any other statistics

18   that you need.

19         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    Thank you.

20         MS. PEALE:   And thanks for your

21   support.

22         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Senator Robert

23   Jackson.

24         SENATOR JACKSON:     So I want to thank
                                                        254

 1   you for coming in and staying the course.

 2   You know, when you sit around for hours and

 3   hours and hours, you know, you need to be

 4   thanked.   So thank you --

 5         MS. GOLDSTEIN:    Thank you.

 6         MS. PEALE:     Thank you.

 7         SENATOR JACKSON:       -- on behalf of all

 8   of the people that you represent and help,

 9   let me just tell you.

10         And I read some of the testimony of

11   individuals around the State of New York.

12   This is telling in itself.      People read this

13   and you can see, you know, most people -- a

14   lot of people, they're like one paycheck to a

15   month or two or three months away from losing

16   their home, whether they own the home or

17   whether they rent.

18         And so I just wanted to thank you in

19   understanding what it means to know that you

20   have legislators that are supporting you.

21   And we do everything we can to increase the

22   funding so that you all can help more of our

23   constituents around the state.

24         Thank you very much.
                                                      255

 1         MS. GOLDSTEIN:    Thank you.

 2         MS. PEALE:     Thank you.

 3         SENATOR JACKSON:    Thank you,

 4   Madam Chairs.

 5         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thank you.

 6         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:       We go to

 7   Assemblyman Epstein.

 8         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:     Thank you both

 9   for being here and for testifying.

10         Just on the HOPP funding, it's

11   critical funding.    And I implore my

12   colleagues to continue to support it, because

13   I know how vital it is for our community to

14   protect people's homes and that, you know,

15   people unfortunately have been scammed and

16   lost them from various sources.

17         But I have a larger question around

18   mezzanine debt, and I just -- so -- so -- you

19   want to call it mezzie debt?

20         (Laughter.)

21         ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:     So we've seen a

22   lot of private equity money in the market,

23   and we've seen that money really be

24   unregulated.    You know, it's hard to track,
                                                     256

 1   it's hard to know.    And we've seen a lot of

 2   homeowners who are -- people trying to

 3   purchase homes are competing with private

 4   equity money.     We've seen it with

 5   multifamilies where we've seen a lot of, you

 6   know, dark money, private equity money coming

 7   in.

 8         I was wondering what you think about a

 9   better system to oversee it, regulate it,

10   make sure it's reported, and then also ensure

11   that they're paying taxes on that private

12   equity money the same way we see traditional

13   mortgagors paying mortgage recording taxes

14   and other fees.    I want to get a sense of

15   your -- both -- opinion on that.

16         MS. PEALE:     Thank you for the

17   question.   I would say that we've seen

18   homeowners who are, you know, lucky enough to

19   get approved for a mortgage, are in the

20   market trying to buy a home, are often beat

21   out by cash buyers, as well as seeing

22   properties removed through other finances

23   purchased with other sources.

24         And we really don't have enough
                                                     257

 1   information about the role of private equity

 2   in both -- for property scams, deed theft.

 3   You know, there's a lot of ways in which it

 4   could be operating in the market that we

 5   don't know.   So we are really excited about

 6   the proposed legislation that would create

 7   more transparency.

 8           I think looking at a way to, again,

 9   equalize the impact of cash buyers as well --

10   you know, if you have to borrow money and

11   then you're paying more in a mortgage

12   recording tax than somebody who's paying

13   cash, it doesn't seem quite fair, as well as

14   somebody who's leveraging private equity

15   debt.

16           So we're really supportive of an

17   effort to level the playing field for regular

18   New Yorkers in that purchase context.

19           MS. GOLDSTEIN:   Yeah, and I'll just

20   say I agree with that.   And particularly on

21   the multifamily side, where we look a little

22   more closely, you know, this is certainly a

23   problem both in terms of transparency and

24   information gathering.
                                                            258

 1            You know, we have had various issues

 2   with banks, but we at least are able to get a

 3   baseline of information and there's sort of a

 4   level of regulation there.       There are

 5   regulators, right, to go to.       And that really

 6   doesn't exist with non-bank lenders.

 7            So I think certainly having

 8   transparency, having the information is

 9   absolutely necessary to understanding what

10   we're dealing with and trying to fix it.         And

11   then certainly putting that tax in place and

12   sort of treating non-mezzanine debt as all

13   other kinds of debt would help to take away

14   that unfair advantage that speculators have.

15            ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:    Thank you.

16            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Assemblyman

17   Blake.

18            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:     Very quickly.

19            First, thank you to both of you.       If I

20   could, I think this may be first to Emily.

21   On the back page, when it talks about public

22   housing --

23            MS. GOLDSTEIN:   Mm-hmm.

24            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:     -- just if you
                                                       259

 1   could give some context of how was the number

 2   determined.    Saying the state should invest

 3   $3 billion statewide and $2 billion directly

 4   to NYCHA, how was that number determined?

 5         MS. GOLDSTEIN:    So the 2 billion as

 6   an -- you know, out of the 3 -- was looking

 7   at public housing needs statewide and just

 8   trying to sort of divvy up proportionally.

 9   And that is a number that you'll hear from a

10   lot of tenant organizations and folks who

11   work directly with NYCHA residents, sort of

12   agreed upon as a way to do that fairly.

13         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    And just finally

14   on NYCHA and then moving from there, what do

15   you think is the initial reaction from

16   advocates hearing and seeing that the current

17   proposal from the Governor has zero dollars

18   towards NYCHA?

19         MS. GOLDSTEIN:    I think it's

20   upsetting.    And I think it will contribute to

21   the continuing decline of an irreplaceable

22   affordable housing resource and to, you know,

23   really horrific living conditions for a lot

24   of New Yorkers.
                                                      260

 1         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Certainly.   And

 2   then to follow up and assess here to Christie

 3   and others -- yeah, I was just looking at my

 4   piece of paper first -- for HOPP funding

 5   specifically, can you give a sense,

 6   practically speaking, how much at risk would

 7   homeowners be if this does not continue?     I

 8   mean, a lot of times we talk about

 9   foreclosure prevention, and it's broad and

10   theoretical.

11         MS. GOLDSTEIN:   Yeah.

12         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    But just -- what's

13   the dollar and cents impact we're talking if

14   this were to occur?

15         MS. PEALE:   We can capture that in a

16   couple of different ways.   We can look at the

17   impact on property taxes.   We can look at the

18   impact of a foreclosure on neighboring

19   property values and loss of neighborhood

20   equity.

21         We can look at the increased debt that

22   homeowners are going to face.   The longer

23   you're in foreclosure, the longer your unpaid

24   principal balance increases, and the harder
                                                       261

 1   that debt is to discharge, either if you have

 2   to represent yourself in the foreclosure

 3   process or if you have to pursue bankruptcy.

 4         So it's, you know, the personal debt

 5   calculation, increasing the loss of tax

 6   revenue and the loss of neighborhood equity,

 7   are some of the ways that we think about it.

 8   And we have a piece on the economic impact of

 9   HOPP that we can forward to you that captures

10   some of those pieces.

11         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   And so it's fair

12   to say that it's not just the devastating

13   impact on the homeowner, but it's also the

14   community that would it have devastating

15   impact as well.

16         MS. PEALE:   Absolutely.     You know, we

17   impact that -- we have some estimates on the

18   downward drag of a foreclosure on

19   neighborhood equity that we can share with

20   you as well.

21         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   That would be

22   incredibly helpful.   Thank you.

23         MS. PEALE:   And just to -- I would

24   love to talk to you about CLTs in the Bronx.
                                                        262

 1         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:     Thank you.

 2         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you --

 3         MS. PEALE:     Thank you so much.

 4         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     -- for all the

 5   questions.

 6         Next we have a panel, Tenants

 7   Political Action Committee, Michael McKee,

 8   and VOCAL-NY, Felix Guzman.

 9         MR. McKEE:     We only have three chairs.

10         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     I think they

11   brought extra chairs because you had

12   colleagues walking down --

13         MR. McKEE:   I thought we were all

14   doing this together.

15         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     You are.     You

16   have five minutes and VOCAL-NY has five

17   minutes.

18         MS. SOLTANI:     Thank you.   My name is

19   Paulette Soltani, I'm the political director

20   of VOCAL-NY, and I'm reading testimony on

21   behalf of our leader, Ms. Flowers.     She

22   apparently had to get back to New York City

23   because she's in a shelter and has been

24   living there for almost four years.
                                                       263

 1            "My name is Nathylin Flowers Adesegun.

 2   I'm a member of VOCAL-NY.    VOCAL-NY is a

 3   grassroots organization working to end AIDS,

 4   mass incarceration, the war on drugs, and

 5   homelessness.

 6            "On behalf of VOCAL-NY, I want to

 7   thank the Senate and Assembly Housing

 8   Committee chairs, Brian Kavanagh and Steve

 9   Cymbrowitz, and the other members of the

10   committee.

11            "My story of homelessness started in

12   February 2015, when I was evicted from my

13   apartment of 34.5 years when I lost my rent

14   stabilization status.    Since then, I have

15   been living in a homeless shelter along with

16   more than 92,000 people across New York

17   State.    Many of the women in my shelter have

18   become my closest friends.    We share

19   memories, experiences, and most of all we

20   share solidarity with each other as we search

21   for housing stability and basic dignity.

22            "My shelter is in Queens.   I have to

23   leave my room each morning by 9 a.m. and be

24   back for curfew at 10 p.m.    Our toilet paper
                                                      264

 1   is rationed because the shelter has so many

 2   plumbing issues.   There is one microwave for

 3   200 women.   I am a vegetarian, and I love to

 4   cook, but the options for food at my shelter

 5   are sparse at best.   When I'm not at my

 6   shelter, I cook every chance I get.

 7         "Year after year we've heard

 8   Governor Cuomo make announcements about his

 9   unprecedented commitment to housing and

10   homelessness.   He says he's investing

11   historic resources to help homeless

12   New Yorkers, so why hasn't all of that money

13   materialized in housing for the homeless?

14   The fact is, the Governor's words are empty

15   if 92,000 people are still homeless.

16         "People are in desperate need of

17   supportive housing.   The Governor promised

18   New York State 20,000 units of supportive

19   housing in 2016, but only a fraction of the

20   funds that we need have been released.     For

21   every five approved supportive housing

22   applications, only one vacancy exists.

23         "Meanwhile, the overdose crisis has

24   taken the lives of over 20,000 people since
                                                       265

 1   2016.   Many of those lives could have been

 2   saved if more people had access to housing.

 3   At the same time prosecutors, police, and

 4   elected officials are doing whatever they can

 5   to roll back bail reform laws.    We will never

 6   stop relying on incarceration without meeting

 7   the basic needs of New Yorkers.

 8           "While homeless New Yorkers struggle

 9   every day, New York is home to

10   112 billionaires with over $525 billion in

11   wealth, and dozens more that live in

12   part-time" --

13           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Excuse me.   I

14   just asked them to pause the clock because I

15   know Felix -- yes?

16           MR. GUZMAN:   Yes.

17           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    -- also has a

18   statement in these five-minutes-for-the-two,

19   so I just wanted to make sure there was some

20   time for him to speak.   I don't know if he

21   wanted -- if you want to add something, or

22   should we go to him?   You know, we do have

23   the testimony, it's circulated to everybody,

24   but I just didn't want you to use up all the
                                                       266

 1   time and not have something for him.

 2         MS. SOLTANI:     Sure.   I will do the

 3   time for Felix -- I just want to say that

 4   there haven't been a lot of homeless

 5   New Yorkers testifying in the housing

 6   hearing, so I think it's important that the

 7   members of this committee hear from homeless

 8   New Yorkers.

 9         I'll just lastly say that Ms. Flowers

10   supports 20,000 units of supportive housing

11   for the state along with -- she asks for

12   $500 million for a state-funded rental

13   assistance program.

14         We support Brian Kavanagh and

15   Steve Cymbrowitz's recently introduced bill

16   for a new voucher program, and along with

17   that also Home Stability Support, which is

18   Liz Krueger's bill, I think.

19         MR. GUZMAN:     Hello.   My name is Felix

20   Guzman.   I'm a leader of VOCAL-NY, a poet,

21   activist, and former shelter resident.    I

22   would like to thank you for the opportunity

23   to speak today.

24         VOCAL-NY is a part of the Housing
                                                       267

 1   Justice for All campaign.   Last year we won

 2   an expansion of rent protections, but we know

 3   there is still more work to do. We are

 4   fighting for a New York homes guarantee

 5   because every New Yorker has the right to a

 6   safe, stable, and affordable place to live.

 7         Today I'm here to talk to you about

 8   our state's homelessness crisis.    My story is

 9   emblematic of how our current housing system

10   fails people and keeps them trapped in

11   dangerous situations at high cost to the

12   taxpayer.

13         Several years ago, my then-landlord

14   started to convert units in my building into

15   a scattered cluster site shelter.   He was

16   allowed to make tremendous amounts of money

17   from the city to kick out rent-stabilized

18   tenants and replace them with people who had

19   no rights and therefore couldn't complain or

20   join tenant associations.   The result was a

21   rapid deterioration of the building

22   conditions.

23         This, in combination with

24   complications due to being stuck in an
                                                     268

 1   abusive relationship, forced me out of my

 2   home and into the very same shelter system

 3   that caused my problem in the first place.

 4         The more I have organized with members

 5   of my community, the more I have seen that I

 6   was caught up in a larger system of

 7   displacement and gentrification.   I was born

 8   and raised in Brooklyn, and I have seen how

 9   it has changed.   Massive glass skyscrapers

10   have been built all over the borough,

11   representing thousands and thousands of units

12   of new housing.   How could it be that

13   thousands of units of housing have been built

14   all around our borough over the last

15   20 years, and yet tens of thousands of more

16   people have become homeless?

17         The answer is actually quite simple.

18   The private housing market's primary goal is

19   not housing people, its primary goal is to

20   maximize the profits.

21         In New York City, 248,000 units of

22   housing are empty.   That's 8 percent of the

23   overall housing stock.   Twenty-five percent

24   of new luxury condos that were built since
                                                      269

 1   2013 remain empty, and yet thousands more are

 2   in the process of being built.   All of this

 3   adds up to a system where there are four

 4   empty apartments for every single New Yorker

 5   in the shelter.

 6           This criminal greed has gone on long

 7   enough, and at the end of the day, the blame

 8   lies with a governor that has not put any

 9   meaningful resources into tackling this

10   problem at its root.   The blame lies with a

11   legislature that has not effectively

12   challenged him into addressing this moral

13   crisis.

14           The solutions to the problems we face

15   are not a mystery.   We have been fighting for

16   them for years.   First and foremost, we need

17   a new housing subsidy program that can

18   actually cover apartments at the market rate.

19   Rental assistance is the fastest and most

20   effective way to get people out of temporary

21   shelters and into permanent homes.

22           Other states have created programs

23   that actually cover apartments at the market

24   rate.   In New York City, we have CityFHEPS,
                                                       270

 1   which will only cover apartments up to $1400

 2   for most individuals, which is woefully

 3   inadequate if you consider that the average

 4   one-bedroom apartment in New York City rents

 5   for $2860.   It is criminal for the city to

 6   give out vouchers when it knows that there

 7   are not enough apartments to be covered by

 8   them.

 9           We cannot continue on this path.     We

10   must fight for a New York where everyone has

11   a home.   New York State must make a plan to

12   end homelessness, and it must start by

13   investing in the needs of homeless people.

14           We need our Senate and Assembly to

15   fight for $500 million for a state-funded

16   rental assistance program to help New Yorkers

17   and those at risk of becoming homeless.

18   Funding rental assistance will help tens of

19   thousands of people and will put us on the

20   path to having a New York homes guarantee.

21           Thank you, and I apologize for going

22   over time.

23           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

24           Michael.
                                                       271

 1         MR. McKEE:    Good evening -- afternoon.

 2   I should say evening.

 3         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Almost.

 4         MR. McKEE:    Almost.   It feels like it.

 5   I'm sure you're more tired than I am.      It's

 6   kind of tiresome to listen to three hours of

 7   somebody patting Andrew Cuomo on the back.

 8         First of all, my name is

 9   Michael McKee.   I'm the treasurer of

10   Tenants Political Action Committee.

11         I want to -- at the risk of cutting

12   into my time, I have to take a moment to say

13   thank you for the Housing Stability and

14   Tenant Protection Act of 2019.    There are

15   many reasons this happened, including a

16   tremendous grassroots organizing campaign led

17   by the Upstate-Downstate Housing Alliance.

18   The fact that we flipped the State Senate and

19   turned it blue and turned it overwhelmingly

20   blue, it would never have happened if that

21   had not happened.

22         But I also want to single out

23   Senator Kavanagh and Senator Myrie and

24   Mr. Cymbrowitz, the chair of the
                                                       272

 1   Housing Committee, for a terrific job of

 2   putting this bill together.    And I want to

 3   particularly thank you for Part M, a very

 4   unexpected and pleasant surprise.

 5         I want to also thank Senator Salazar

 6   and Assemblymember Glick for the Loft Tenant

 7   Protection Bill -- very, very important and

 8   very dear to my heart.

 9         I'm here to ask you to tax the rich

10   and house the poor.    I mean, really, this is

11   what it's down to.    We can't sit here in this

12   day and age and talk about millions of

13   dollars to address the problems of public

14   housing and housing the homeless -- a hundred

15   million here, 450 million there.    I want to

16   remind you that that 450 million had nothing

17   to do with Andrew Cuomo.   It was the

18   State Assembly that put that into the budget.

19   All Andrew did was hold it up and refuse to

20   turn it over to NYCHA.

21         We've got to start talking in terms of

22   billions, and you've got to stop being afraid

23   to raise taxes on rich people.    You've been

24   able to afford to cut taxes on rich people --
                                                        273

 1   when I say "you," I don't mean you particular

 2   people, I mean you the institution.   You've

 3   been able to cut taxes on rich people, you've

 4   been able to afford to cut taxes on big

 5   corporations.   Our Governor has wasted

 6   billions of dollars on stupid economic

 7   development projects that have afforded him a

 8   photo op, you know, ribbon cutting, and then

 9   go belly up, like his famous Central New York

10   film studio.

11         This is ridiculous.    We're asking for

12   $3 billion for public housing.   If you don't

13   do this at some point soon, it's going to be

14   too late to save public housing.   It's just

15   going to be too late.   And we can't let that

16   happen.

17         We're asking for at least $500 million

18   for a realistic rent subsidy program.     And we

19   want to give a shout out to Senator Krueger

20   and Assemblymember Hevesi and Senator

21   Kavanagh and Assemblymember Cymbrowitz

22   for these bills that we think is a very good

23   model for how to do this.

24         We're tired of hearing we can't afford
                                                       274

 1   it.   You've got to get beyond that.   We want

 2   full funding for supportive housing.     We

 3   believe Andrew Cuomo owes us 14,000 units.

 4   He promised 20,000.    Where are the other

 5   14,000?

 6          We need a Tenant Opportunity To

 7   Purchase Act.    We want you to get rid of

 8   421-a and 485-a tax subsidies.    These are

 9   boondoggles.    They are the worst way to

10   subsidize and create housing.    Get rid of it.

11   That money could go into something really

12   useful, instead of funding market-rate

13   housing.

14          I want to make a pitch for increasing

15   funding to the Neighborhood Preservation

16   Companies and Rural Preservation Companies

17   programs.   I think all of you know what

18   benefit these companies do for the State of

19   New York and for our communities.

20          And finally, the State Senate had a

21   very interesting hearing two weeks on code

22   enforcement.    I learned a lot just sitting

23   and listening to some of the people

24   testifying.    The state used to fund code
                                                      275

 1   enforcement.   Governor Mario Cuomo cut it out

 2   of the budget in 1990 and 1991.   It's never

 3   been put back.   I think if you really want to

 4   do something about the lack of code

 5   enforcement, especially in upstate New York,

 6   you're going to have to put some money into

 7   the program.

 8           To paraphrase the old American Express

 9   TV commercial, don't come home without it.

10   We're looking to you, our friends, to do

11   this.   You're going to have to fight the

12   Governor to do this -- as well as, perhaps,

13   some of your more conservative members.

14           I'm not going to go into a lot about

15   the Office of Rent Administration except to

16   say that the most important thing you can do

17   is not to give them more money but to change

18   the laws so that you tie their hands.   This

19   is an agency that will do anything it can to

20   let landlords off the hook for their failure

21   to comply with the law.   Their whole approach

22   is to cut everything down the middle instead

23   of enforcing the law and protecting tenants

24   and preserving affordable housing.    So the
                                                       276

 1   best way to do this is to tie their hands by

 2   changing the law.

 3            We specifically urge you to restore

 4   the rent registration system to its pre-1993

 5   state.    For some reason this did not end up

 6   in the 2019 act.    In 1993, the rent

 7   registration system was gutted and it is now

 8   a voluntary program.   If you put it back to

 9   where there are significant penalties for

10   failure for register or filing a fraudulent

11   registration, you're going to increase

12   enforcement of the rent laws.

13            Thank you very much.

14            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

15            We go to Assemblyman Blake for a

16   question.

17            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   First I just want

18   to say that -- how much I appreciate the

19   three of you and the work that you're doing.

20   That as we have talked about many times, that

21   this is incredibly personal for me, because

22   my family was homeless.    And so I think too

23   often we ignore putting a face on the reality

24   that without one paycheck, how things can
                                                       277

 1   change dramatically for many families.

 2           So I just had to start there.      And

 3   whenever we see you all, you give us strength

 4   and we appreciate you.

 5           Very quickly -- because I know our

 6   colleagues will have many different

 7   questions -- specifically in the Housing

 8   Justice for All campaign, which I know we're

 9   doing a workshop during Caucus Weekend around

10   this, is there one element of it that you

11   think we especially need to make it critical,

12   that has to happen within that?     Because a

13   lot of times we have big packages and people

14   don't internalize the elements within them.

15           MS. SOLTANI:   So we want all of it.

16           (Laughter.)

17           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Of course.   Yes.

18   I know.

19           MS. SOLTANI:   And we won't stop saying

20   that.   I think Felix and I are talking about

21   homelessness, and Michael also did -- but we

22   also have zero dollars in the budget right

23   now for public housing, which is just a

24   disaster and horrendous.     And our government
                                                         278

 1   needs to be doing much more to address public

 2   housing and the crisis across the state.

 3            So there isn't just a single part of

 4   this.    I think the housing crisis is hitting

 5   everybody, every low-income brown and black

 6   New Yorker across the state in epic

 7   proportions.    And we need -- I think that's

 8   what Michael was talking about in terms of

 9   taxing the rich.      We need that kind of

10   resources to actually tackle this crisis and

11   end homelessness and fund a New York homes

12   guarantee.

13            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Absolutely.     And

14   as we hopefully transition from a state of

15   crisis, which we are too often always in, to

16   finally getting to a place where people have

17   better opportunities, can you give us a sense

18   of what would be the impact of passing the

19   Tenant Opportunity to Purchase Act?

20            MR. McKEE:    Well, you did it for

21   mobile home residents last year, which was

22   great.    I mean, that section of the law was

23   really a win-win-win.      I mean, it was really

24   great.    I wish you would do the same for the
                                                      279

 1   rest -- every other tenant in the state.

 2         If you're going to cap rents for

 3   manufactured-home tenants at 3 percent per

 4   year with a hardship provision that landlords

 5   can get more if they can prove hardship, why

 6   not do it for all unregulated tenants

 7   everywhere in the state?   I mean, it would be

 8   a simple bill to draft, and I don't see why

 9   we don't do that.

10         You don't have to have a survey, you

11   don't have to see what the vacancy rate is,

12   you don't have to have a vote to -- by the

13   local legislature to opt in.   I mean,

14   obviously it wouldn't be as strong as strong

15   rent control, but it would be a very good

16   supplement to a rent control program.

17         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Thank you.

18         MR. McKEE:    And, I'm sorry, I didn't

19   address the Tenant Opportunity to Purchase.

20   I mean, this is something, you know -- and

21   Senator Myrie is, I read, drafting a bill

22   that if a building goes up for sale, tenants

23   would have an opportunity to purchase it and

24   keep it affordable.
                                                     280

 1         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

 2         MR. McKEE:   And presumably as a

 3   limited-equity co-op.

 4         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Senate?

 5         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

 6         Housing Chair Brian Kavanagh.

 7         SENATOR KAVANAGH:      Thank you.

 8         First of all, thank you, Mr. McKee,

 9   for your kind words about our work last year

10   and for knowing what Part M is, which I'm --

11   because -- because for those of you that

12   aren't as familiar as Mr. McKee, that's the

13   portion of the law that deals with all the

14   non-rent-regulated -- has all the many

15   protections that we added to the law that

16   protect tenants statewide.    And there is

17   actually some talk outside this room now

18   about how that's being interpreted with

19   respect to broker fees and -- so that's going

20   to be a continuing topic as we see how that

21   affects the many millions of tenants that are

22   not part of the rent-regulation system.

23         And I echo my colleague Michael

24   Blake's comments about the work of each of
                                                       281

 1   your organizations in advocating over many

 2   years, and particularly Ms. Soltani's comment

 3   that it's very important that we're hearing

 4   from tenants, that we're hearing from

 5   homeless people directly who are experiencing

 6   these things.

 7         And I think a lot of -- you know, we

 8   had five hearings around the state on the

 9   rent laws last year, and I think a lot of the

10   value of that was hearing directly from

11   tenants.   And I know your organization played

12   a big role in making sure that tenants were

13   able to get to those hearings and express

14   their point of view directly to the

15   Legislature.

16         I'd just like to talk briefly about --

17   we've spent a lot of time over a number of

18   years now arguing about the capital budget,

19   about the sort of money for public housing,

20   and I continue to join you and many others in

21   suggesting that it's grossly inadequate.    But

22   I want to focus particularly on -- the

23   focused conversation about direct rent

24   subsidies I think is getting -- you know,
                                                       282

 1   it's kind of a newer thing for a lot of

 2   folks.    And particularly in housing, it's

 3   been considered a type of public assistance

 4   program in the past.

 5            So can you just talk a little bit

 6   about -- you know, one argument is, you know,

 7   you work for the long term, you invest in

 8   capital, you build the right buildings, you

 9   get the right programs.    Why is it also

10   important that we have sort of a rental

11   subsidy program as well, like the housing

12   access vouchers or Home Stability Support?

13            MS. SOLTANI:   So I think the most

14   immediate way to help a homeless person who's

15   low-income or somebody who's experiencing

16   homelessness is by giving them the resources

17   to pay rent.    As we've seen, it's taken far

18   too long for us to build the kind of housing

19   to reduce our homelessness crisis in any

20   meaningful way.

21            And so the way we always frame it, and

22   the way local members always fight for it

23   when you hear them speaking publicly, is the

24   fact is that we need money to pay the rent
                                                        283

 1   today.    And these programs, like the voucher

 2   that you introduced recently, like Home

 3   Stability Support, not only helps people pay

 4   the rent and get out of homelessness, but it

 5   actually prevents people from becoming

 6   homeless if you're severely rent-burdened.

 7   And so it's an immediate way to really have a

 8   meaningful impact in people's lives today.

 9            MR. McKEE:   I just want to add to that

10   that there are -- you know, I was really

11   stunned to read in the Daily News today when,

12   in the article about the new

13   Kavanagh-Cymbrowitz bill, a representative of

14   the Governor, unidentified, said "Rent

15   subsidy programs often perpetuate the cycle

16   of homelessness."

17            What?   I mean -- come on, guys.    I

18   mean, the problem is not subsidies.    The

19   problem is lack of subsidies.

20            There are a few things you can do if

21   you really want to help homeless people or

22   near-homeless people.    You can increase the

23   housing supply and make sure you're building

24   affordable housing.    You can roll back rents,
                                                         284

 1   roll back high rents so they're more

 2   affordable.   Or you can give low-income

 3   people some assistance to help them pay the

 4   rent.   Those are the three things you can do.

 5   And/or you can do all three.

 6           But to say that, you know, subsidies,

 7   you know, continue the cycle of

 8   homelessness -- I mean, that's just -- I'm

 9   sorry, that's 1984.

10           SENATOR KAVANAGH:      Okay.    In the

11   interest of -- sorry, Felix.      Did you have

12   something to add?

13           MR. GUZMAN:   Hello.    Hi.    I actually

14   just wanted to touch base on a couple of

15   things.

16           The money is there because apparently

17   we're throwing hundreds of millions of

18   dollars at these shelter providers,

19   for-profit and nonprofit.      And at the end of

20   the day, nonprofits that are receiving money

21   should be held accountable to a higher

22   standard because they receive monies

23   from where they do.    And again, like if

24   they're not providing permanent housing, then
                                                       285

 1   why are we throwing hundreds of millions of

 2   dollars at some of these providers?

 3            And if you want to talk about actually

 4   ending homelessness, we've got to redirect

 5   the monies that are actually being provided

 6   for each person's bed and locker in a shelter

 7   into actually some kind of proper program or

 8   something, because more is being spent on

 9   actually a bed and a locker in a shelter for

10   homeless individuals than the shelter

11   vouchers are actually going for.

12            So at the end of the day, the money is

13   there.    Whether that be mismanagement of

14   funds or creating and perpetuating

15   homelessness, the industry of homelessness

16   and the manufactured problem that it is -- we

17   should actually start holding accountable

18   whoever is managing this money and actually

19   creating pathways out of homelessness.

20            Thank you.

21            SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you all for

22   your testimony.    And we do hope to have

23   additional opportunities to testify on these

24   matters in the coming days.
                                                      286

 1         Thank you.

 2         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

 3         Assemblyman Ortiz.

 4         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   Thank you,

 5   Madam Chair.

 6         Thank you all for being here.       And,

 7   Mike, thank you very much, for every single

 8   one of you, for your testimony.

 9         I just want to be on the record very

10   quick that the Neighborhood Preservation

11   Companies and Rural Preservation Company

12   programs not only are very beneficial for my

13   community, but for the state.   And I did

14   address that to the commissioner.   And the

15   reason I ran out was because I had a

16   conversation with her -- not just about this,

17   but a few other issues that are very critical

18   for the people of my district, which by

19   default will impact the people of the State

20   of New York.

21         But thank you for supporting that and

22   putting it in your testimony.   This is

23   very --

24         MR. McKEE:   I lobbied the bill into
                                                     287

 1   law in 1977, the Neighborhood Preservation

 2   Companies bill, I worked with Denny Farrell,

 3   and I lobbied the Rural Preservation

 4   Companies Act into law in 1980, and they were

 5   very gratifying experiences.

 6         And I think, you know -- some people

 7   said you're creating a Frankenstein monster.

 8   I said I don't think so, I think these groups

 9   are essential to -- you know, it's a

10   community-based approach to solving housing

11   problems.

12         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   I know.   And I do

13   have a quick question for Ms. Flowers.   You

14   live in a shelter as we speak, right?

15         MS. SOLTANI:    So I work in an

16   organization, but Ms. Flowers is a leader at

17   the organization that I work at, at VOCAL-NY.

18   So she's a community leader.

19         But she's currently getting back to

20   New York City because she has to be in her

21   shelter before the curfew hits, otherwise she

22   could lose her bed.

23         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   My question -- my

24   question is -- it's more about logistics,
                                                     288

 1   about whether or not the shelter -- how many

 2   social workers are there?   What is the

 3   protocol regarding breakfast, lunch, and

 4   dinner?

 5         And you stated that a person from

 6   9 a.m. to -- 10 p.m. is when you can come

 7   back, is the curfew, and a person who

 8   probably might be able to -- they only

 9   consume vegetable foods, for example, or

10   maybe halal foods or others.    How does the

11   shelter accommodate these people, and if they

12   do or if they don't?

13         MS. SOLTANI:     She'll be the first to

14   tell you that they don't, and that she

15   doesn't get -- she doesn't have the food that

16   she would want to be eating.    She's not as

17   healthy as she wants to be because of the

18   food she eats.

19         I think there's a lot of media that

20   you can read of news articles about how a lot

21   of people have complaints, especially in the

22   last few months, about this problem in

23   New York City.

24         I think you can probably speak to this
                                                       289

 1   a lot better.

 2         MR. GUZMAN:    Hello?   (Mic problem.)

 3         I would like to say something about --

 4   Ms. Flowers is currently in an Acacia

 5   shelter.   As we know, they're actually under

 6   investigation by the Department of

 7   Investigation, and it's just -- it's a

 8   telltale sign.

 9         There's also other organizations --

10   CCS -- that are able to continue going

11   forward.

12         So whatever is available, that's what

13   we get, and that includes food that is not

14   adhering to our dietary needs.   And again,

15   having experienced having to seek out healthy

16   food somewhere else, it's a lack of

17   consistency and also concern and care for

18   people's diets.

19         As you know, people lose weight, and

20   I'm sure that being on a vegetarian/vegan

21   diet is very much more restrictive in that

22   nature.    So Ms. Flowers is an amazing person.

23   She can't be here, obviously, because she's

24   living in a shelter.   And I'm just thankful
                                                        290

 1   to be able to speak on her behalf.

 2         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    Thank you.

 3         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:    Thank you.

 4         Senator Salazar.

 5         SENATOR SALAZAR:     Thank you.    I just

 6   want to thank, first of all, all three of you

 7   for sharing both Ms. Flowers' experience with

 8   us and your expertise with us.

 9         My question is for Michael.       You

10   mentioned in your testimony support for

11   repealing 421-a and also 485-a, and I agree

12   with you.   But we less frequently talk about

13   485-a in the Legislature, frankly, and in the

14   public discourse, so I was wondering if you

15   could elaborate.

16         MR. McKEE:   Well, I'm not an expert on

17   485-a, it's -- what I'm told by my upstate

18   colleagues is that it's the upstate

19   equivalent of 421-a.

20         I'm very familiar with 421-a and have

21   been familiar with it since it was first

22   enacted in 1971, the same year that the State

23   Legislature enacted vacancy decontrol.        If

24   you look at the actual -- these programs --
                                                     291

 1   421-a and 485-a cost localities billions of

 2   dollars every year, and they are subsidies

 3   that go to developers who essentially create

 4   market-rate housing.

 5         I believe, and I have believed this

 6   for many, many years, that it is bad policy

 7   to bribe profit-making developers to build a

 8   little bit of affordable housing by giving

 9   them subsidies that allow them to build

10   market-rate housing.   I think it is a misuse

11   of public dollars, I believe.   And sometimes

12   the housing that is supposedly affordable is

13   not really affordable, and it's not

14   permanently affordable.   It's affordable for

15   a limited period of time.

16         Government makes this mistake again

17   and again and again.   The State of New York

18   made it with the Mitchell-Lama program by

19   allowing landlords or co-ops to buy out after

20   20 years of affordability, and they make it

21   again and again and again.

22         So I believe that if we are going to

23   spend tax dollars on subsidizing the creation

24   of housing, it should be low- and
                                                     292

 1   moderate-income housing, and it should be

 2   permanently affordable.   You can allow

 3   private developers to build it, but I don't

 4   think they should be subsidized to own it and

 5   make huge profits off of it.

 6         And of course now what we're seeing

 7   with the neighborhood rezonings that the

 8   de Blasio administration has been pushing

 9   through the City Council -- and I think we

10   are seeing the end of that now, you know,

11   considering what's happened with the last

12   three -- these are -- I view these as

13   attempts to allow market-rate housing to be

14   inserted into low-income communities that is

15   going to ultimate change that community in a

16   negative way.

17         Look at what the de Blasio

18   administration said they were going to do

19   with East New York.   Whether this actually

20   happens or not remains to be seen, but

21   supposedly it was going to result in 6,000

22   new units of housing -- 3,000 of them

23   affordable, 3,000 of them market rate -- with

24   some neighborhood amenities.   And if this
                                                           293

 1   happens, it will be just -- now, these will

 2   not be Manhattan market rents, obviously, but

 3   they will be much higher --

 4         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Michael, I'm

 5   going to cut you off.

 6         MR. McKEE:   I'm sorry?

 7         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      We have two more

 8   questions --

 9         MR. McKEE:   Okay.   I'm sorry.       I think

10   you understand what I'm saying --

11         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      -- and we can

12   have -- the city government is doing things

13   in a different direction --

14         MR. McKEE:   -- it's just a matter of

15   time until we have coffee shops and upscale

16   restaurants.

17         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thank you.

18         Assemblymember Niou.

19         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      Hello.   I

20   actually have two questions.    One is a

21   follow-up on the 421-a issue.

22         So when we were talking to the

23   commissioner, she was saying that she felt

24   like there was very few alternatives to
                                                       294

 1   building affordable housing.    What would be

 2   some alternatives that you could think of?

 3         MR. McKEE:    Well, first of all, you

 4   have to increase revenues in a meaningful way

 5   that would allow you to produce new housing.

 6         The State of New York funded the

 7   Mitchell-Lama program between the years 1955

 8   and 1979 that created -- and local

 9   governments put in money too, and especially

10   the City of New York put in money -- which

11   created 175,000 units, I believe, of housing

12   statewide in that 25-year period.    It cost --

13   I believe, if memory serves, I think it cost

14   about $7 billion.   Now, those were dollars

15   back then.

16         But if we want to get serious about

17   this, we need to start talking about a new

18   Mitchell-Lama type program.     And you know,

19   Andrea Stewart-Cousins, at her hearing, the

20   Housing Committee hearing in Westchester

21   County last spring, talked about we need a

22   new Mitchell-Lama program.     I think that's

23   the kind of thing we need.     We need to look

24   at that model, and we should avoid the
                                                       295

 1   mistakes of the past.

 2           ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:   But in the same

 3   vein for public housing, you know, people

 4   talk about RAD and privatization.   Do you

 5   feel like there should be -- there's an

 6   alternative to privatization?

 7           MR. McKEE:   We should have more public

 8   housing.   But the Clinton administration

 9   pushed a bill through Congress that basically

10   prohibits localities from creating more

11   public housing.

12           I mean, this is a huge problem.   It's

13   hard enough to preserve the public housing we

14   have, but it would be great if we could build

15   more.

16           ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:   So then you would

17   suggest that we fund public housing and that

18   we get more.

19           MR. McKEE:   I would -- if I could

20   design a program that would -- it would be

21   very different from what we have.    It

22   wouldn't be towers in the park, it would be

23   integrated housing with lively street

24   commercial operations and green space and
                                                       296

 1   schools and playgrounds.

 2         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      Like Singapore.

 3         MR. McKEE:      And, you know, they do

 4   this in Europe, and they hire top architects

 5   to build public housing with amenities, with

 6   art, with playgrounds, and -- I mean, it's --

 7   I just spent a week in Vienna last fall, and

 8   it was amazing to see what the City of Vienna

 9   has done.

10         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      Yes.   Singapore

11   has -- 80 percent of its housing is public

12   housing.

13         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thank you.

14         ASSEMBLYWOMAN NIOU:      Thank you.

15         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Assemblywoman

16   Rosenthal to close.

17         Oh, excuse me.     Excuse me,

18   Assemblywoman.   Senator Jackson first, then

19   Assemblywoman Rosenthal.

20         SENATOR JACKSON:     I think next time

21   I'm going to sit up there so you can see me.

22         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      You have to tell

23   me.

24         SENATOR JACKSON:     But first let me
                                                       297

 1   thank you all for waiting towards the end of

 2   the testimonies of everyone so you got to

 3   hear everyone's questions.   And I thank you

 4   for your advocacy on behalf of the people

 5   that we represent.

 6           So one of the things I wanted to

 7   comment on your statement, brother -- when I

 8   call you brother, it's because we all are

 9   brothers and sisters from a human point of

10   view.   Now, you said that the blame lies with

11   the Legislature that has not effectively

12   challenged him, meaning the Governor, in

13   addressing this moral crisis.

14           It's all of our responsibility.    It's

15   the advocates' responsibility, it's for the

16   people that you advocate for that we must

17   educate everyone to be advocates, to put

18   pressure on the system to do what's right.

19           And I know that -- because you may not

20   be aware, I filed a lawsuit against the State

21   of New York -- they were cheating our

22   children out of billions of dollars.

23   Thirteen years of litigation, walked 150

24   miles -- we won.
                                                      298

 1         Last year, with the blue wave coming

 2   in, the Republicans are out now in the

 3   Senate, we did humongous work on behalf of

 4   residents in New York State.

 5         That's the type of coming together,

 6   all of us working to make it happen.     And I

 7   say to you that the Governor has so much

 8   power in the budgetary process that was

 9   challenged before, and the courts ruled in

10   the Governor's favor.   But we collectively --

11   not just us -- we have to do what's right to

12   make sure that we get everything we need in

13   order for affordability for everyone.

14   Because the housing justice for all is a

15   human right.

16         But I said at the rally, I said at the

17   rally last week, yes, but education plays an

18   important part in that.   It's been known, a

19   proven fact, that the more education you

20   receive, the more than likely you will earn

21   more income, more than likely.   And that will

22   close that gap between income and

23   affordability.

24         And I agree that rents are too damn
                                                           299

 1   high.   That's what the guy said when he ran

 2   for mayor, and I agree with that.      And you

 3   heard me say earlier about the fact that if

 4   landlords are discriminating against --

 5   because of someone's source of income or any

 6   other reason, we need to have that open and

 7   clear so everyone knows that they're cheating

 8   and discriminating us.

 9           But I thank you for coming in.     I just

10   wanted to say this to you, that it's not only

11   us, it's all of us working together.

12           Mike, thank you for your advocacy.

13   Thank both of you for coming in.       And I

14   appreciate what you said on behalf of

15   Ms. Flowers.   Thank you.

16           MS. SOLTANI:   Can I just say -- one

17   thing Flowers had in her testimony is that

18   last year 150,000 students experienced

19   homelessness across New York State.      So we've

20   got to --

21           SENATOR JACKSON:    Oh, I'm fully aware

22   of that.    I know.   Thank you.

23           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Thank you.   But

24   stay there.
                                                         300

 1            Assemblywoman Rosenthal.

 2            ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   Okay.   Thank

 3   you all for your great work.

 4            I am the sponsor of the 421-a bill, to

 5   just get rid of it, because we have not found

 6   that the credits that we give to developers

 7   equals adequate at all numbers of

 8   affordable -- whatever affordable means --

 9   units.

10            I always note how the streets, the

11   sidewalks of New York City have so many

12   homeless people, just that's their place to

13   live, whereas above us in the sky are

14   hundreds, thousands of empty units.     Do any

15   of you have any thoughts about how we could

16   take advantage of the fact that they are

17   there, they are empty, and yet there are

18   many, many people who might need to live in

19   them?

20            MR. GUZMAN:   Hello.   So really

21   quickly, the cluster site program was

22   actually good-intentioned.      Perhaps something

23   along the lines of that, but with some

24   accountability and some actually security
                                                      301

 1   implemented.

 2           Again, like we're paying shelter

 3   providers and landlords, as a result of that,

 4   three to four times what the vouchers

 5   actually go for -- probably even more than

 6   that.   I don't really know the business of

 7   homelessness.   But then again, we're actually

 8   paying over market rate, luxury rates for

 9   penthouse apartments, maybe perhaps for

10   duplex apartments, to put someone in a bed in

11   dangerous conditions in shelter.

12           So anything -- anything is better than

13   that.   The cluster site --

14           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:   So maybe --

15   maybe people should live in those luxury

16   penthouses --

17           MR. GUZMAN:   Yeah, again --

18           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:    -- for the

19   price of a shelter.

20           MR. GUZMAN:   --   if DHS is -- hasn't

21   actually to this point just created a mass of

22   their own buildings where they could actually

23   direct people in there, which would actually

24   solve that issue, then we should actually
                                                      302

 1   look at creating vouchers or creating some

 2   sort of system that allows people to be

 3   placed in those apartments.

 4         Again, the housing stock is -- is as

 5   available as homelessness is present.      So,

 6   you know, it's something --

 7         MS. SOLTANI:      It's more available.

 8   There's more open, empty apartments --

 9         MR. GUZMAN:    Yeah.

10         MS. SOLTANI:      -- like you're saying.

11         ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:     Yeah.

12         MR. GUZMAN:    You know, this is a

13   situation where like the housing stock

14   currently is available and people don't have

15   entry points to that.    So we should really

16   look at seeing how that money being provided

17   to a shelter provider can actually be

18   redirected into getting someone a home.

19         ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:     Well, let's

20   work on that.

21         MR. McKEE:    Shift the money from the

22   shelter system to subsidizing tenants.

23   Something our Governor would not agree with,

24   because he has a stake in the shelter system,
                                                             303

 1   if you consider his history.

 2           But this is what it's all about.         This

 3   is the fight that you're going to have to

 4   have.   It's shifting priorities.

 5           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:      I mean, we

 6   also see in Berlin the rents have been frozen

 7   now.

 8           MR. GUZMAN:   Yeah.

 9           MR. McKEE:    Yeah.

10           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:      Just now,

11   for the next five years.      I don't think that

12   would even be possible here.

13           MR. McKEE:    Prevention.

14           ASSEMBLYWOMAN ROSENTHAL:      Thank you.

15           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

16           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you all.

17           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you for

18   the work you do --

19           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you for

20   your work.

21           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:       -- and for

22   being here.

23           MR. McKEE:    I hope you all don't have

24   to stay here until midnight.
                                                       304

 1           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thanks.

 2           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Up, up, up,

 3   Senator.

 4           Next we have Community Action for Safe

 5   Apartments, CASA, Anita Long, Pablo

 6   Estupinan -- Espinan?     Hopefully I did not

 7   torture your name too much -- to be followed

 8   by a panel of SAGE and Albany Damien Center.

 9           Again, just a reminder that it's five

10   minutes for the two of you.      So make sure

11   whoever goes first leaves some time for the

12   other person so you don't have a fight in the

13   hall.

14           (Laughter.)

15           MS. LONG:   Thank you.    And thank you

16   for hearing me.     My name is Anita Long, and

17   I'm a volunteer leader with CASA, which is

18   also known as Community Action for Safe

19   Apartments, located in the southwest Bronx.

20   And I have been organizing with them for

21   almost three years.

22           I'm also a member of the Housing

23   Justice for All, under the banner today of

24   New York Homes Guarantee 2020.      And we're
                                                           305

 1   fighting because we all understand that all

 2   tenants in New York, no matter where they

 3   live, deserve basic protections.

 4            Now, in June of 2019 we won changes to

 5   an antiquated rent control system here in

 6   New York.    No one gave us this.   We fought

 7   for it.     And we organized for it.   And we had

 8   a vision and we did advocacy for it.      And

 9   that was all the things that have changed the

10   rent laws today.

11            So now you may ask why we're here

12   today.    And it is 2020.   We are here because

13   we have to finish an uncompleted agenda.        We,

14   the tenant movement, we understand that we

15   cannot rest on our laurels because we know

16   that we have to continue to fight so that all

17   tenants get the benefits they deserve from

18   the new rent laws and also what we left off

19   the table last year.

20            HSTPA did make a tremendous positive

21   impact in our communities.     But we also know

22   that if we stop fighting, Governor Cuomo's

23   HCR will undermine our wins.     We know that

24   HCR is overwhelmed by the number of
                                                         306

 1   complaints that they're receiving, they are

 2   tremendously understaffed, untrained, and are

 3   using outdated technology to handle this

 4   daunting task.   And this Governor only

 5   proposed $25 million to fix HCR.    But to

 6   ensure the success of HSTPA, the Housing

 7   Justice for All Coalition is advocating for

 8   $500 million.

 9         We all know that homelessness is on

10   the rise in New York City, across the state,

11   and even across this country.   In 2019, the

12   Good Cause and the No More MCI bills did not

13   pass, and those are the two major triggers

14   that contribute to homelessness in our

15   communities.    So that's why we are here, and

16   we are going to continue to aggressively

17   fight to pass the good-cause evictions and

18   the elimination of MCIs.

19         Thank you.

20         MR. ESTUPINAN:     Good evening.    My name

21   is Pablo Estupinan, and I'm the deputy

22   director at CASA.    CASA is a member-led,

23   grassroots tenant organizing group in the

24   Southwest Bronx, and we're made up of over
                                                      307

 1   3,000 members.

 2            So I'm here to affirm that CASA is a

 3   proud member of the Housing Justice for All

 4   Coalition and we stand in solidarity and are

 5   also demanding the same things from the

 6   Executive Budget:    $500 million in rental

 7   assistance for homeless New Yorkers or

 8   New Yorkers at risk of homelessness.

 9            When we invited our partners from

10   VOCAL to come to talk to our members about

11   homelessness, we saw the solidarity of our

12   members recalling experiences in their lives

13   and living in public housing without adequate

14   conditions, being homeless, having high

15   rents.    So we see the connections run deep

16   across the state, not just in the Bronx.

17            We're also here to also demand that

18   20,000 units of supportive housing be built;

19   a $3 billion investment in public housing

20   authorities across New York; and $500 million

21   for HCR, specifically the Office of Rent

22   Administration.

23            CASA, along with many other groups in

24   Housing Justice for All, have been advocating
                                                      308

 1   and targeting the HCR since 2015, and we have

 2   seen little shifts.     In fact, I recall a

 3   recent conversation with one of the executive

 4   staff at HCR in the hallway before we walked

 5   in, in which they said "If we didn't have to

 6   meet with you so often, we'd have more time

 7   to do the work."   To which I countered, "We

 8   wouldn't be meeting with you if we didn't

 9   have to explain to you how to do your work."

10          (Laughter.)

11          MR. ESTUPINAN:    And so I'll tell them

12   that we didn't take the summer off.

13          Immediately we regrouped, we met with

14   tenant leaders, and we developed a

15   comprehensive policy platform targeting the

16   HCR.   We read Part A through Part M, even

17   when we didn't understand it.

18          But we are here today to -- first I

19   just wanted to say, to wrap up -- to thank

20   you all for standing strong and voting for

21   the Housing Stability Tenant Protection Act.

22   But that going forward, as Anita said, the

23   victories are meaningless unless there isn't

24   strong and robust enforcement.
                                                       309

 1          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

 2   Thank you for being here.

 3          Senator Jackson, you're looking like

 4   you want to ask a question, so we'll call on

 5   you.

 6          SENATOR JACKSON:    I have to first

 7   thank him, because these are advocates that

 8   have sat and waited and listened to the

 9   testimony.   So I thank you for the long haul.

10          I know what it is to wait.     Believe

11   me, I do.    I'm still waiting for $4 billion

12   that's owed to the children of New York

13   State, where our attorney had to file another

14   lawsuit.    But times have changed.   And so as

15   I said -- you heard what I said to the

16   previous panel, okay?     We're all in this

17   together.

18          And understanding the process, both

19   houses -- meaning the Assembly and the

20   Senate -- are led by Democrats.     What we

21   don't want is for our house, meaning the

22   Senate, to change hands back again, else

23   nothing's going to happen.     So you have to

24   help us.    Continue to advocate.   All of the
                                                        310

 1   people that you represent, the over 3,000

 2   tenants, have them write and email all of

 3   their legislators and write and email the

 4   Governor and put pressure on them and us.

 5         And we're going to put pressure on

 6   you, too, to understand what the situation

 7   that we're in -- no one didn't say that to

 8   you, and I'll tell you later.    We're not in

 9   an easy spot.   I don't want this Senate to

10   turn back to Republican-led, okay?      So we'll

11   talk later.

12         Thank you.

13         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Thank you.

14         SENATOR JACKSON:     Thank you.

15         MR. ESTUPINAN:     Thank you.

16         MS. LONG:     Thank you.

17         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Thank you.

18         Assemblyman Blake.

19         ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Thank you.    It's

20   always good to see Bronx allies in the room

21   and at the table.

22         Can you just kind of personalize and

23   crystallize the impact, particularly for our

24   immigrant communities?    You know, good and
                                                         311

 1   bad.   I think a lot of times, again, these

 2   conversations are very theoretical.    Why do

 3   we have to go further in providing housing

 4   protections, in particular especially for our

 5   immigrant communities in areas like the Bronx

 6   and other places?

 7          MR. ESTUPINAN:   Definitely.   Just to

 8   clarify, you said immigrant communities?      You

 9   said immigrant communities?

10          ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Yes.

11          MR. ESTUPINAN:   Yes.   So in the

12   neighborhood that we organize, many of our

13   members are also monolingual Spanish

14   speakers.   And so just speaking about HCR, we

15   believe that they're not currently in

16   compliance with the executive order with

17   language access.

18          We've had members that received, like,

19   landlord applications around MCI rent

20   increases who don't understand the notice.

21   It only comes out -- it's only mailed to them

22   in English.   And the way it's phrased, it

23   doesn't actually explain to tenants that if

24   you don't respond that you will lose your
                                                      312

 1   opportunity to challenge the MCI.

 2           And we've also seen cases in which

 3   landlords have submitted work orders from

 4   tenants who speak other languages as proof

 5   that they're satisfied with the work, which

 6   HCR has received as proof that everything's

 7   okay in the building and that the tenants no

 8   longer have any complaints.

 9           And just in general, right, there

10   isn't enough interpreters for members to

11   call.   And just navigating the system is

12   hard, even for English speakers, right?     We

13   had one of our members that came to Albany

14   today, he took his neighbor who's homebound

15   in a wheelchair, rent-controlled, over to the

16   office in Fordham, and they sent him -- they

17   said to him:   "This is the wrong office, you

18   have to go to Jamaica for rent-controlled

19   tenants."    In my seven years, I did not even

20   know that.

21           And then when they did -- when he

22   called me to ask "What should I do next?" I

23   said, "Call them to get your rent history."

24   They called, and no one was available to
                                                          313

 1   speak -- like, there wasn't a live person to

 2   even speak to them about their rent history.

 3            So let's say there are really large

 4   gaps for people who speak different

 5   languages.    And that actually really impacts

 6   their ability to want to fight back, claim

 7   their rights, file rent reductions, file

 8   overcharge complaints, keep accurate record

 9   releases.    It just makes it really impossible

10   for them to even want to navigate the system.

11            ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:    Thank you.

12            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Assemblyman

13   Ortiz.

14            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ: Thank you,

15   Madam Chairwoman.

16            And also I would like to echo the

17   Senator for his comment.      I would add my

18   comment to his comment as well.

19            I just have two quick questions.      How

20   many attorneys do you have in CASA?

21            MR. ESTUPINAN:   Zero.   We only have

22   organizing staff.    But we partner with Bronx

23   Legal Services on a weekly basis.

24            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    Okay.
                                                       314

 1           MR. ESTUPINAN:   And they have two

 2   attorneys who staff Thursday legal clinic.

 3   So anyone who comes to our office from 11 to

 4   6 will be seen by an attorney, but they are

 5   only able to provide counsel and not take on

 6   any litigation.

 7           ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   The second

 8   question that I have is where your funding

 9   stream comes from.

10           MR. ESTUPINAN:   Our funding?   A quick

11   breakdown is like 70 percent from city

12   contracts around doing education around

13   tenants' rights, foundations, and private

14   donations from our supporters.

15           ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   And the last

16   question I have is, how many people work in

17   CASA?   How many?

18           MR. ESTUPINAN:   We have 10 total

19   full-time staff, ranging from supervisors to

20   campaign organizers to organizers whose sole

21   focus is working with organizing tenant

22   associations in the building.

23           But I will say, around our structure

24   in CASA, is we do spend a lot of our
                                                        315

 1   resources and time and are not compensated

 2   for our work.    So a great example is today.

 3   Right?    As part of being part of Housing

 4   Justice for All, it's really important for us

 5   to be able to bring our members, because we

 6   could not kind of afford to do that work on

 7   our own.

 8            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   So the -- and how

 9   many bilingual people do you have?

10            MR. ESTUPINAN:   In CASA?   All of our

11   staff speak Spanish and other languages.

12            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:   Other languages.

13   And you don't get no contract from the state

14   at all for your services?

15            MR. ESTUPINAN:   Uh, no.    We inquired

16   into receiving funding from DHCR.      We

17   understand that they allocate funding for

18   some affordable housing preservation every

19   two years.    But they haven't -- when we asked

20   Senator Rivera's office to support into the

21   inquiry, we did not receive -- the window had

22   opened -- the application window is really

23   small, as we understand, and they haven't

24   really made an attempt to expand who they
                                                       316

 1   give funding to.

 2         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    And my last

 3   question is do you offer services just in the

 4   Bronx, or you do services throughout the

 5   city, Yonkers, Westchester?    What is your

 6   catchment area?

 7         MR. ESTUPINAN:    Highbridge, Cardi B

 8   {ph}, Strato {ph}.   Also Concourse Village,

 9   Mount Eden.   So we're really local.   But I

10   know that -- I like to think of us as really

11   local, but our reach is far.

12         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    Well, thank you

13   for your service.    And I used to work in the

14   Bronx many, many years ago, and one of my

15   jobs was to deal with neighborhood

16   preservation for the borough president.      In

17   those days, it was Fernando Ferrer.

18         And I think that the work that you

19   guys do and continue to perform deserves some

20   more funding, and you should reach out to the

21   legislators as well.

22         Thank you.

23         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

24   Thank you both for being here today.
                                                       317

 1           Next we have -- thank you, that's --

 2   oh, I'm sorry.   Wait, wait, sit down.

 3           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Sorry, just --

 4           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Pablo?   Pablo,

 5   sit down.

 6           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Just briefly.

 7           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Anita?   Pablo,

 8   sit, sit.   We have one more question, sorry.

 9           SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yeah.   Sorry, we

10   weren't -- we had some miscommunication up

11   here.

12           I didn't -- I shouldn't -- I don't

13   want to hold you, but I do want to say that,

14   you know, we've had opportunity to speak

15   separately about your work and your platform

16   on making sure that these laws, that the Home

17   Stability and Tenant Protection Act, are

18   going to be implemented properly.

19           And, you know, we did question, in our

20   limited time here today, question the

21   commissioner about the resources necessary to

22   do that and the manner in which they're

23   interpreting that, and we will -- we'll

24   continue to do that work.
                                                           318

 1            But I just wanted to take the time to

 2   publicly thank you and your organization for

 3   your advocacy last year and for your very

 4   thoughtful approach to ensuring that that law

 5   has the effect that we all hope it will.

 6            So I just want to thank you very much.

 7            MR. ESTUPINAN:    Great, thank you.     We

 8   look to partnering in the future.

 9            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you for

10   being here.    That was our exercise program,

11   having to get up and down in the chairs.

12            (Laughter.)

13            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Next we have a

14   panel:    SAGE, Melissa Sklarz, and Albany

15   Damien Center, Perry -- Perry, please, rather

16   than my mess up your last name, just say it

17   when you sit down.

18            MR. JUNJULAS:    Junjulas.   Thanks.

19            MS. SKLARZ:   Hey, you all.   I guess

20   good evening, then.

21            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Good evening.

22            MS. SKLARZ:   So let's see.   So thank

23   you for having us tonight.       So on behalf of

24   SAGE and our lesbian, gay, bisexual and
                                                        319

 1   transgender elders we serve, thank you to the

 2   members of this committee for holding the

 3   hearing today and allowing me to present

 4   testimony.   My name is Melissa Sklarz.    I'm

 5   the senior government relations strategist at

 6   SAGE.

 7           Founded in 1978 in New York City, SAGE

 8   is the country's first and largest

 9   organization dedicated to improving the lives

10   of LGBT elders.   Service-enriched

11   LGBT-friendly housing is crucial for our

12   state's LGBT elders.   Aging alone is

13   difficult.   We've heard for hours today and

14   all of you deal with it in your work here in

15   Albany, knowing that aging is difficult.     And

16   then when you add LGBT people into it -- with

17   thin support networks, no guarantee of family

18   support, struggling to keep their houses once

19   people age, they're out of work.

20           So what we've been doing at SAGE is

21   we've made sure that people that age,

22   LGBT-identified people, have a place to go.

23           We have a 10-state study from 2014

24   conducted by the Equal Rights Center and SAGE
                                                      320

 1   that found that 48 percent of same-sex older

 2   couple testers seeking housing have

 3   experienced discrimination.   Data from these

 4   studies shows the pervasive challenges that

 5   LGBT elders face when seeking housing in

 6   New York.   Again, we've been hearing it today

 7   about older people pricing out of

 8   neighborhoods, neighborhoods they've lived in

 9   for decades.

10           Our LGBT older New Yorkers need and

11   deserve affordable, welcoming housing.

12   That's why, 42 years after our founding, SAGE

13   is realizing a dream.   We are opening

14   LGBT-friendly affordable housing in New York

15   City.   Our first housing project is Stonewall

16   House down in Fort Greene, Brooklyn, in

17   Assemblymember Mosley's neighborhood.    This

18   year we'll be opening up our second house in

19   Crotona Park North, in East Tremont, in

20   Assemblymember's Blake's neighborhood.

21           The Brooklyn house will have 145

22   100 percent-affordable apartments for

23   low-income elders, 25 percent for formerly

24   homeless elders.   Of course all of our --
                                                       321

 1   both of these buildings will have SAGE

 2   Centers that will provide full services, full

 3   options from case management to healthcare,

 4   of -- for feeding.

 5         And the Crotona residence in the Bronx

 6   will have 83 residences, it will have a

 7   10,000 square foot SAGE Center -- it will be

 8   the largest SAGE Center in the city.     The

 9   development will house a diverse elder

10   population.    Thirty percent of these will be

11   chronically homeless elders.

12         Each of these SAGE Centers will be

13   open not only to the residents but also

14   elders throughout the neighborhood.    And this

15   will be great.   It will add a component to

16   both of these neighborhoods that is

17   well-needed.   There is a senior center in

18   Fort Greene, but we're going to increase

19   that, and with state-of-the-art services.

20   And we're very excited about that.

21         The Fort Greene is located on the

22   Ingersoll House campus.    The average level of

23   household income:    $23,889.   So we're really

24   excited about the options and opportunities
                                                       322

 1   that will be available to low-income

 2   residents in the neighborhood and for people

 3   at NYCHA.

 4         At SAGE we're very grateful for the

 5   support we've gotten from New York State to

 6   provide for care management and support

 7   services.    In fiscal year 2021 we're asking

 8   for a restoration of the $100,000 in support

 9   to provide comprehensive care management,

10   care center programming and support services

11   to low-income predominantly LGBT elder

12   residents in and around New York State's

13   first LGBT-welcoming elder housing

14   development.

15         SAGE also requests a restoration of

16   $200,000 in support of our general services

17   and expenses in support of our state's

18   elders.     In total, SAGE is requesting a

19   restoration of $300,000 in fiscal year 2021.

20         Thank you.

21         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

22         MR. JUNJULAS:     Thank you for the

23   opportunity to present testimony today.      My

24   name is Perry Junjulas, and I'm the executive
                                                      323

 1   director at the Albany Damien Center.    And I

 2   also represent the Ending the Epidemic

 3   Coalition, which is comprised of over 90

 4   organizations across New York State dedicated

 5   to ending the AIDS pandemic.

 6           But most importantly, I'm a person who

 7   was diagnosed with AIDS 25 years ago, who was

 8   told at the time that he had three months to

 9   live.   I am fortunate enough to be here today

10   to testify in front of you because of the

11   investments New York State has made to help

12   persons like myself who were dying at the

13   time of AIDS.

14           Today I'm here to testify on behalf of

15   4300 very-low-income persons struggling with

16   HIV who are unstably housed or homeless

17   outside of New York City -- persons who may

18   not survive AIDS unless we intervene and

19   help.   These are also people who will

20   continue to spread the HIV virus because

21   their viral load is not suppressed.   For

22   them, it is 1980.

23           At the end of 2018, we have data that

24   shows we have 108,000 persons in New York
                                                      324

 1   State who are living with HIV and AIDS.    In

 2   2018 we had over 2400 new HIV infections in

 3   New York State.   We have the tools to end

 4   this.

 5           Since 2016, in New York City, every

 6   single low-income person with HIV has had

 7   access to a rental subsidy that provides a

 8   30 percent rent cap.   In short, every person

 9   diagnosed with HIV in New York City has

10   access to safe, affordable housing and thus

11   is having better health outcomes than those

12   outside of New York City.   So we are starting

13   to see great disparities in the health of

14   people with HIV and AIDS in New York City

15   compared to the rest of the state.

16           So we were very pleased that the

17   New York State 2020 budget included our

18   proposal to make $5 million in New York State

19   funding available to enable departments of

20   social services outside of New York City to

21   voluntarily partner with local health payers,

22   such as MCOs and PPSs, and community-based

23   organizations such as ours, to provide

24   meaningful rent assistance for homeless and
                                                     325

 1   unstably housed low-income New Yorkers with

 2   HIV outside of New York City.

 3         This New York State funding would have

 4   leveraged matching dollars of at least

 5   5 million from local partners, for a total of

 6   10 million annual HIV housing investment.

 7   Ample evidence shows that dollars spent on

 8   HIV rental assistance generates Medicaid

 9   savings from avoided emergency and inpatient

10   care that offset the cost of housing

11   supports.

12         However, the funding year 2020 budget

13   language included language that undermined

14   the ability of the local districts to secure

15   local partners and propose successful plans.

16   The Aid to Localities language required --

17   said that any savings realized through the

18   improved housing stability be recaptured to

19   reduce the state investment, while requiring

20   the local partners to continue providing the

21   funds and pay 100 percent of the cost for

22   housed participants in perpetuity.

23         As we predicted, unfortunately no

24   local district proposed to opt into the
                                                     326

 1   program as written.   And the result was that

 2   the $5 million allocated last year was not

 3   spent and not one single person with HIV was

 4   housed.

 5         We're very happy again to see in the

 6   2021 Executive Budget again that there is the

 7   $5 million, and actually a appropriation also

 8   of last year's $5 million.   However, we were

 9   very dismayed to see that the proposed

10   language continues to include the same

11   language.

12         So it's critical to the success of the

13   program that the language be changed to allow

14   the local partners to propose the best use of

15   the healthcare savings realized through

16   improved housing status, including sharing

17   savings among the local social services

18   district and the health payer, to support

19   program and administrative costs and to

20   provide ongoing HIV housing subsidies.

21   Attached to my written testimony are the

22   proposed changes to the budget language that

23   are necessary to be able to move this program

24   forward.
                                                       327

 1           The Albany Damien Center and the

 2   Ending the Epidemic Community Coalition

 3   strongly urge the Governor and the

 4   Legislature and this committee to please

 5   fully support this $5 million rest-of-state

 6   HIV housing program by including the revised

 7   language in the enacted FY 2021 budget and

 8   passing the ELFA Article VII language to

 9   authorize the use of these funds.    We believe

10   that this $10 million investment will support

11   sufficient housing subsidies to finally

12   afford equal access to safe and supportive

13   housing for persons with HIV in every part of

14   New York State.

15           Certainly at the Albany Damien Center,

16   right up the street, I'm continuing to see a

17   large number of persons who are homeless who

18   have HIV who I do not have spots for.   This

19   money will help.

20           So thank you.

21           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   Thank you.

22           Assemblyman Blake.

23           ASSEMBLYMAN BLAKE:   Thank you very

24   much.
                                                          328

 1            And I just wanted to go on record and

 2   say to Melissa and everyone at SAGE that we

 3   are incredibly excited within our district --

 4   and definitely of course follow the lead of

 5   Assemblymember Mosley, what they're doing in

 6   Brooklyn -- but I think this could be a

 7   prototype that can be done across the city

 8   and across the country.       You know, people may

 9   not think about the urgency, especially for

10   LGBT seniors, to have spaces and

11   opportunities.    So I just want to say aloud

12   how excited we are, and we're grateful for

13   everything you all are doing.

14            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Assemblymember

15   Ortiz.

16            ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:    Thank you, Madam

17   Chair.

18            I just have a quick question.     I was

19   reading your statement in the back -- and

20   thank you for the work that you do.      Thank

21   you very much.    But I have a quick question.

22   Many years ago, 1988, 1989, I used to work

23   for Selfhelp Community Services.       And those

24   days, when the AIDS epidemic took place,
                                                       329

 1   there was a program that was developed as a

 2   result of a young kid in Florida called Ryan

 3   White.

 4            And for those of us who remember the

 5   Ryan White contract, one of the additions to

 6   the new Ryan White contract was to have a

 7   program established for new guardians.      The

 8   new guardians, you probably remember -- if

 9   you do -- was to ensure that any individual

10   suffering from HIV or AIDS that are on their

11   terminal life, at the end of their life, that

12   there will be a mechanism in process to make

13   sure that if they have children, they will be

14   transitioned into a new guardian.

15            I used to run that program.   My

16   organization at that point was the one who

17   got the first contract in the City of

18   New York, called Selfhelp Community Services.

19            My question to you is that -- I don't

20   know if the new guardian program or the

21   Ryan White program is still around anymore,

22   but is there something in place within your

23   sector about those who are terminally ill and

24   what kind of transition they go through
                                                      330

 1   today?

 2            MR. JUNJULAS:   So certainly, if I

 3   understand your question, it -- Ryan White

 4   funds have been invaluable to helping persons

 5   living with HIV throughout the state.

 6            The hard part is not having enough

 7   dollars for the housing to be able to -- you

 8   know, without housing a person cannot get to

 9   the medications that they deserve.     That

10   often, you know, is the thing that is going

11   to be able to save their lives.    They're not

12   able to get to the doctor, they're not able

13   to get to so many other things.    And for

14   people living with AIDS, taking their

15   medication and getting to the doctor is

16   critical, absolutely critical.

17            Also, in 2016 there's new information

18   that showed that if we get a person's viral

19   load, like mine, down to an undetectable

20   level, which means it's really small, we

21   cannot infect other people.     So part of

22   this -- these dollars is also really working

23   to eliminate the pandemic, to reduce the 2500

24   new infections we're seeing every year in
                                                        331

 1   New York State so we can get that down to a

 2   very, very low level so our grandkids can

 3   say, you know, What was that thing called

 4   AIDS, Grandpa, when you were living and

 5   growing up?

 6         ASSEMBLYMAN ORTIZ:     Yeah.   Well, I did

 7   a lot of work on that, and I want to make

 8   sure that I put on the record that I'm

 9   willing to help and to do whatever I can to

10   make sure that we can bring this kind of

11   justice to this kind of program.     Because

12   what you do is very critical, and we should

13   support it.

14         Thank you very much.

15         MR. JUNJULAS:   Thank you.

16         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you.

17   Thank you for being here today.

18         Next we have a panel of the Community

19   Service Society of New York, the New York

20   Land Bank Association, and Empire Justice

21   Center.

22         So you can begin.    You can do it in

23   the order -- yeah, well, you can just do it

24   in the order that I called you.
                                                      332

 1         MS. MIRONOVA:   Sure.   Can you hear me?

 2   Yeah, okay.

 3         Thank you so much for the opportunity

 4   to offer comments on the budget and for

 5   sticking around until the bitter end.    My

 6   name is Oksana Mironova, and I'm a housing

 7   policy analyst with the Community Service

 8   Society.   CSS is an independent nonprofit

 9   organization that addresses some of the most

10   urgent problems facing low-income

11   New Yorkers, including the effects of the

12   city's affordable housing crisis.

13         I'm going to talk about three main

14   topics -- the relationship between rent

15   regulation and enforcement, rental

16   assistance, and public housing.   And you've

17   already heard a lot about the need to fund

18   ORA specifically for increased enforcement.

19         We know that the historic Housing

20   Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019

21   only increases the need for strong

22   enforcement.   The new rent laws will depend

23   on ORA's ability to monitor and regulate

24   vacancy rents, which will no longer be
                                                      333

 1   subject to vacancy bonuses.   ORA will also

 2   have an increased responsibility over

 3   monitoring and auditing individual apartment

 4   improvements and major capital improvement

 5   increases over very long timelines, so 15 to

 6   30 years.

 7           Further, with the removal of

 8   geographic restrictions, the rent laws may

 9   eventually cover an increased number of units

10   dispersed all across New York State.

11           It is apparent that the agency's

12   workload has increased exponentially since

13   the passage of the new rent laws.   That is

14   why it is absolutely vital for HCR's budget

15   to increase accordingly.

16           Now I'm going to move on to rental

17   assistance.

18           The major programs for creating new

19   affordable housing today are capital subsidy

20   programs that provide resources for

21   constructing apartment buildings but not for

22   heating, maintaining and otherwise operating

23   them.   Capital subsidies can reduce the rents

24   only so much, and rent payments are still
                                                      334

 1   needed to cover the costs of operating the

 2   building.   That is why existing programs are

 3   failing homeless people and those at the risk

 4   of homelessness.

 5         Subsidies to lower rents below

 6   operating costs are the missing ingredient in

 7   today's housing programs, and rental

 8   assistance programs, much like the federal

 9   Section 8 program, fill that gap.    There are

10   two bills in the Legislature that would

11   establish a state rental assistance program,

12   both of which CSS supports -- the Housing

13   Access Voucher program and the Home Stability

14   Support program.

15         Both of those programs direct rental

16   assistance to the people who need it most and

17   provide mandated relief to local governments

18   that are struggling with limited resources.

19   Both address homelessness by doing what most

20   present-day housing programs don't do:

21   Enable people with incomes near or below the

22   poverty line to afford their rent.

23         In addition to that, we also support

24   the End Income Bias NY Coalition's budget
                                                     335

 1   request for a minimum of $5 million towards

 2   the enforcement of the new source-of-income

 3   discrimination law.   Similarly to rent

 4   regulation, rental assistance programs depend

 5   on strong enforcement.

 6         And now I'm going to move on to public

 7   housing.

 8         We all know that public housing is in

 9   dire crisis in New York State.   NYCHA has a

10   40 billion capital dollar backlog.    Smaller

11   public housing authorities across the state

12   are subject to less media coverage and also

13   don't make their capital needs public.

14   However, authorities in cities like

15   Rochester, Buffalo, Syracuse and Albany

16   likely have capital needs that are parallel

17   to NYCHA's, given a similar history of

18   federal, state and local disinvestment.

19         State funding is critically needed to

20   improve living conditions, and CSS recommends

21   the state allocate $3 billion for public

22   housing across New York State.

23         Solutions to the state's housing and

24   homelessness crises will require substantial
                                                     336

 1   investment and a significant reorientation of

 2   the state's budget and tax policy.     One

 3   potential place to start is to eliminate

 4   421-a, which cost the city $1.6 billion in

 5   forgone tax revenue in 2019, and has shown

 6   time and time again to be extremely

 7   inefficient in supporting the state's housing

 8   affordability goals.

 9         Thank you.

10         MR. ZARANKO:     Hello.   Good evening,

11   and thank you to the honorable members of

12   this joint committee for the opportunity to

13   testify about New York State's land bank

14   program.

15         My name is Adam Zaranko, and I have

16   the honor of being both the executive

17   director of the Albany County Land Bank and

18   the president of the New York State Land Bank

19   Association, which is a statewide association

20   that supports New York's land bank program,

21   which is among the most active and effective

22   networks of land banks in the nation.

23         Land banks are not-for-profit local

24   public authorities equipped through New York
                                                        337

 1   State law with the authority and flexibility

 2   needed to reclaim the tremendous number of

 3   vacant and abandoned properties devastating

 4   our communities in New York State.     There are

 5   currently 25 land banks in the state.     We

 6   expect up to 10 more to be formed with

 7   respect to the recent increase on the

 8   legislative cap adopted by this body two

 9   years ago.

10         Land banks are necessary because

11   history has not been kind to most of New York

12   State's communities.   It's been 12 years

13   since the 2008 financial crisis devastated

14   neighborhoods across the state and many of

15   our communities are still reeling from the

16   effects.   It's been 70 years since the

17   post-World War 2 suburbanization of America

18   hollowed out our urban cores, creating an

19   imbalance in the housing supply and leaving

20   behind entire populations that lacked the

21   economic opportunity and mobility to

22   participate in the new American dream.    It's

23   been 90 years since the introduction of the

24   federal redlining maps that encouraged the
                                                       338

 1   intentional disinvestment of communities of

 2   color and ethnic groups that created a legacy

 3   of economic and racial segregation in cities

 4   like Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, and Syracuse

 5   that still persists today.

 6         Today, the inequality plaguing

 7   New York's communities caused by this history

 8   is staggering.   The disparity between white

 9   and black homeownership rates in cities like

10   Albany and Buffalo are among the widest in

11   the nation.   And left unaddressed, the

12   economic disparity and pervasive inequality

13   gap will continue for generations.

14         We don't have to look far to see the

15   impacts of this history.   Consider Arbor

16   Hill, which is about a five-minute walk from

17   where we're sitting today.    Arbor Hill is one

18   of the lowest-opportunity neighborhoods for

19   U.S. children in the country, scoring a 1 out

20   of 100 on the Child Opportunity Index.    The

21   neighborhood lacks quality affordable

22   housing, and its renters are rent-burdened or

23   severely rent-burdened.    More than 25 percent

24   of buildings in Arbor Hill are abandoned.
                                                    339

 1   That's over 100 vacant buildings, one for

 2   every 38 people that live in that community.

 3         Unfortunately, there are too many

 4   neighborhoods throughout New York State like

 5   Arbor Hill struggling to recover from a

 6   hundred years of disinvestment.   For every

 7   urban community in the state struggling,

 8   there are also multiple rural communities

 9   grappling with their own affordable housing

10   crisis.

11         Land banks eliminate blight and

12   transform vacant and abandoned properties

13   into affordable homes that serve as a

14   foundation upon which our communities can

15   rebuild.   Along with proactive code

16   enforcement and foreclosure prevention, we

17   can eliminate disparities and change the

18   trajectory of even our most distressed

19   neighborhoods.

20         To date, New York's land banks have

21   been funded primarily through the New York

22   State Attorney General's Community

23   Revitalization Initiative, using funding

24   obtained from settlements from the 2008
                                                      340

 1   financial crisis.   While this money has been

 2   incredibly helpful to land banks and the

 3   communities that they serve, there's

 4   currently no additional funding identified

 5   for land banks beyond December 31st of this

 6   year.

 7           In order to continue our collective

 8   work and foster the growth of new land banks,

 9   the New York State Land Bank Association

10   respectfully requests $40 million in funding

11   be added to the FY 2020 state budget to fund

12   land banks for the next several years.

13           The New York Land Bank Association has

14   developed a model that would provide

15   reoccurring, adequate and predictable public

16   funding to New York's land banks -- something

17   that most successful land banks in the nation

18   have secured.   More information is in your

19   packets, and the Land Bank Association is

20   always prepared to roll up our sleeves and

21   get to work.

22           We can and do have many discussions

23   about the historic origins of vacant

24   properties, who's to blame or who should be
                                                         341

 1   responsible for dealing with them, the

 2   astronomical costs associated, including

 3   insurance premiums and other things.          But

 4   what we really need to do is weigh the costs

 5   of not continuing to invest in our

 6   communities and reclaiming vacant properties.

 7   The New York Land Bank Association believes

 8   the cost is way too high, and I hope that you

 9   would all agree.

10            We can't go back and change the past,

11   but we can certainly continue to work

12   together to make a better future for our

13   state.

14            Thank you.

15            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Kirsten?

16            MS. KEEFE:   Hi.   Hi.   Is that on?

17            My name is Kirsten Keefe, and I am a

18   senior attorney with the Empire Justice

19   Center.    I too want to thank you for the

20   opportunity to testify, and really thank you

21   all for still being here.      I have testified

22   at hearings at this hour to one or two

23   people, so it's really appreciated.

24            So I'm here to mostly talk about the
                                                       342

 1   Homeowner Protection Program, which I know

 2   there's been a lot of conversation on.

 3            Before I do that, though, I just want

 4   to mention one thing in the budget, and I

 5   don't think anyone has mentioned it yet

 6   today.    But in the Governor's Executive

 7   Budget, Part O, he includes a proposal that

 8   would eliminate the STAR credit and any

 9   additional exemptions if a homeowner

10   missed -- fell behind just one year in their

11   property taxes.    So we are opposing that, and

12   we are really encouraging the Assembly and

13   the Senate not to include it in your

14   one-houses and to reject it.

15            You know, it really is, in our view --

16   I understand how theoretically it might seem

17   like an incentive to get people to pay their

18   taxes.    I'd say it's my experience and the

19   experience of my fellow advocates that people

20   know to pay their property taxes.   If they

21   don't, it's more often than not because they

22   can't afford to.    And taking away those

23   exemptions is really kicking folks,

24   especially seniors, when they're already
                                                     343

 1   down.

 2            Okay, so regarding the Homeowner

 3   Protection Program, one, thank you for the

 4   attention that it's gotten in today's hearing

 5   and for all the questions.    I'm certainly

 6   here to testify in support of continued

 7   funding of $20 million.

 8            HOPP is really New York State's main

 9   program, along with the NPCs and RPCs, to

10   preserve homeownership in New York State.

11   HCR doesn't have any similar dedicated

12   program because back in 2008 it originally

13   started a foreclosure prevention services

14   program made up of now, today, 87 housing

15   counseling and legal services programs that

16   provide services and make services available

17   in every county of New York State.   So it is

18   a very fair program across the state.

19   Homeowners have equal opportunity to housing

20   counseling and legal services throughout the

21   state.

22            I think we'd be hearing a lot more

23   about problems that homeowners are

24   experiencing with lenders -- we really
                                                       344

 1   haven't, I don't think, through the years

 2   because this system has been set up and we

 3   are at this point in time a very well oiled

 4   machine and really providing assistance to I

 5   think over half of the homeowners who are in

 6   default and distress in New York State.

 7           In my testimony there's a very

 8   detailed history of the program and where the

 9   funding has come to.    I will also say that in

10   my testimony, in Footnote 5, I actually

11   reprinted the budget language from last year.

12   There have been some questions, so I just

13   want to clarify.   In last year's budget HOPP

14   was funded through a reappropriation of a

15   $25 million pot of funding from the 2015 MOU

16   over the Chase money.    So that original pot

17   of money was not 30 million.    I believe the

18   commissioner thought that it was 30 million.

19   It's actually a 25 million pot.

20           Up to 20 million was allocated last

21   year to the Office of the Attorney General,

22   and then there was language that the

23   remaining could be appropriated April 1,

24   2020.
                                                      345

 1            So we believe that there is 5 million

 2   in the pot currently left over from the 20 to

 3   25 million.    I do not know whether or not

 4   there's an additional 5 million that has not

 5   been spent in the 20 million that was

 6   allocated last year to the Office of the

 7   Attorney General.

 8            So I certainly hope the commissioner

 9   is right that there is 10 million already

10   there to be allocated, and that would be

11   great.    But, you know, I just wanted to

12   clarify that because we might need actually

13   15 million from the State Legislature.

14   Beyond my pay grade to figure out whether

15   that money is there, but I just really wanted

16   to clarify that.

17            Also in my testimony we outline 10

18   programs and laws that will be deeply

19   impacted if these services are not funded.

20   And let me be very clear, there is no other

21   dedicated source for foreclosure prevention

22   services throughout New York State.   The vast

23   majority of these services will go away

24   starting April 1, and the rest will probably
                                                       346

 1   decline, or almost all the rest will decline

 2   over the rest of the year.

 3         There are 10 programs, most notably

 4   the mandatory settlement conferences, that

 5   are required in every residential foreclosure

 6   case in New York State.    These programs are

 7   now embedded with the courts, working with

 8   homeowners in the settlement conferences.

 9   They depend on these services.

10         There is a notice that New York State

11   mandates be sent by lenders to homeowners at

12   least 90 days before they can file a

13   foreclosure, and that notice must include a

14   list of five housing counseling agencies in

15   the geographic region.    The HOPP agencies are

16   the agencies listed on that notice.    If HOPP

17   is not continued, they will not be able to

18   comply with the law.

19         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Thank you all

20   for being here.

21         And Kirsten, thank you for helping --

22   I know we had some conversations after the

23   commissioner's testimony, and obviously a lot

24   of us are very concerned about that funding
                                                        347

 1   and have been for a number of years and would

 2   like to have something more stable than the

 3   response of:    We'll negotiate during the

 4   budget negotiations, we'll talk about that

 5   extra 10.

 6         But we're going to try and get to the

 7   bottom of whether in fact it's 10 million or

 8   5 million that is available.    And rest

 9   assured that there are strong advocates here

10   for funding to be in place.    We know the good

11   work that all of you do in this area.

12         So thank you all for being here.

13         ASSEMBLYMAN CYMBROWITZ:     Thank you.

14         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     Now we have a

15   number of individuals -- well, first let

16   me -- is Betsy Kraat from Kingston Tenants

17   Union here?    I don't believe so.

18         So now we have several different

19   individuals.    I'll call them one at a time.

20   First, Richard Flores, are you here?    Oh,

21   come on down.    Are you going to -- it's not a

22   game show, but we're waiting for you.      There

23   may be a better prize at the end.

24         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      And then if you
                                                       348

 1   know you're planning on testifying tonight,

 2   if you wouldn't mind moving towards the front

 3   so when we call you don't have to come from

 4   all the way in the back.   Thank you.

 5          CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    So just as

 6   Mr. Flores is settling in, the next person

 7   is -- and I'm sorry if I don't get your name

 8   pronounced correctly -- Zohran Kwame Mamdani,

 9   and then Boris Santos.

10          And is -- has -- is Karim Walker here?

11   If you are, you are the final individual.

12          So begin when -- Mr. Flores.

13          MR. FLORES:   Good afternoon.    My name

14   is Richard William Flores.     I'm 54 years of

15   age.   I'll make this very brief.   I'm

16   originally a resident of Queens Village,

17   New York.   I've been homeless twice in

18   13 years -- first in 2009, then from 2015

19   till now.

20          I've sought assistance from several

21   agencies in New York that are supposed to

22   help individuals who are looking for or

23   assistance for a place to live, including at

24   DHS, Coalition for the Homeless.    And I was
                                                        349

 1   denied because I receive Social Security

 2   Disability insurance.   And before that, I was

 3   denied assistance because I received

 4   unemployment insurance.

 5         I was simply told that I received too

 6   much money from the state.     And to my

 7   understanding, they were supposed to provide

 8   some sort of assistance other than sending me

 9   to a city shelter.

10         I'd like to stray away from this for a

11   moment and just pose a question to you,

12   and -- which you've probably dealt with

13   before.   I think there are probably many

14   individuals like me who unfortunately didn't

15   know how the law works in reference to how

16   one can become evicted and what you can do to

17   stop from being evicted.

18         In the times that I was evicted, I

19   didn't have legal counsel.     So when I went to

20   court, I naively did whatever the judge told

21   me to do, which was if you can't pay, you

22   have to vacate the premises.    Not we'll give

23   you a length of stay or we'll look at your

24   situation or what they do with people who
                                                       350

 1   sign a lease.   And I apologize if I sound

 2   naive, but I actually was that naive.

 3         So what I'm asking here is I would

 4   implore you to build more affordable housing

 5   units in New York City and more affordable

 6   housing units are needed to help the state's

 7   most vulnerable populations and requires a

 8   continued investment in services to function

 9   as needed.

10         I think there's a real problem with

11   agency in our country.   Throwing people out

12   into the street is not a solution in New York

13   or anywhere in our country.   And affordable

14   housing is but one of the necessities of life

15   that's needed to be addressed in America.     I

16   think the other thing that needs to be

17   addressed is equality, whether it's education

18   or whether it's your place of employment, and

19   those two factors often lead to individuals

20   becoming homeless.

21         I don't have the knowledge to speak to

22   you in terms of dollars and cents.    I can

23   only really speak to you from my own personal

24   position.    And I would imagine that everyone
                                                         351

 1   here would translate that into what that

 2   means in terms of dollars and cents and how

 3   that money is allocated to help individuals.

 4         That's all I'd like to say.

 5         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      So on behalf of

 6   all the members, we thank you for being here.

 7   It's helpful for people to see the face

 8   behind some of the work that we're trying to

 9   accomplish for our homeless population and

10   others who need affordable housing.    Thank

11   you for being here.

12         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Thank you.   Thank

13   you very much.

14         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      So next we have

15   Zohran Kwame Mamdani.

16         MR. MAMDANI:    Hello.   Good evening.

17         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:      Good evening.

18         MR. MAMDANI:      Thank you so much for

19   having me.

20         My name is Zohran Kwame Mamdani, and

21   I'm here to talk today about the housing

22   crisis across our state.    I'm a foreclosure

23   prevention housing counselor, and I'm going

24   to be speaking from my experience in that
                                                     352

 1   profession.

 2         One of the most troubling issues we

 3   face in housing today is the rise of

 4   speculative investors treating our

 5   neighborhoods like investment portfolios

 6   instead of communities.   Last year housing

 7   advocates across the state descended on

 8   Albany to let our elected officials know that

 9   we would no longer accept the loopholes in

10   the rent laws that allowed too many families

11   to be displaced, too many units to be

12   deregulated, and too many predatory landlords

13   to make unprecedented profits at our expense.

14         After decades of struggle, the voices

15   of the tenant movement won, and the state

16   passed, with the help of so many of you in

17   this room, a landmark package of rent laws

18   that are already making a significant

19   difference in our communities.

20         However, unscrupulous landlords have

21   been allowed to continue to use exploitative

22   methods and predatory equity tactics to

23   extract wealth from our communities by

24   focusing on unregulated buildings.   This has
                                                     353

 1   included making large portfolios out of one-

 2   and two-family homes that until now have

 3   served as the building blocks of housing

 4   stability and intergenerational wealth

 5   building for our communities.

 6         This is why I urge lawmakers here in

 7   Albany and here today in this committee to

 8   pass a good-cause eviction law and to also

 9   push for good-cause eviction legislation in

10   the budget and pass a budget with it

11   included.

12         Good-cause eviction will put in place

13   basic tenant protections for most tenants who

14   currently live precariously in their homes by

15   the good graces of their landlord.   Tenants

16   in unregulated housing units will have the

17   right to a lease renewal unless the landlord

18   can present a legitimate reason not to, such

19   as persistent failure to pay rent or causing

20   serious damage to a property.

21         As a housing counselor, the agency I

22   work for regularly meets with tenants who are

23   too scared to ask their landlord to turn the

24   heat on during winter or remove mold from the
                                                       354

 1   bathroom because they knew that once their

 2   lease expired, the landlord could refuse to

 3   give them a new one and kick them out of

 4   their home.    This protection allows tenants

 5   to speak out when their rights are being

 6   violated without the fear that their landlord

 7   will see them as a troublemaker and simply

 8   refuse to renew their lease.

 9            This is critical for New Yorkers

10   across the city and the state, and especially

11   for the district I live in, which is in

12   Astoria.    Many of the tenants who live in

13   Astoria live in unregulated apartments.     Our

14   district has a diverse housing topography,

15   including many one-to-four-family homes and

16   multifamily buildings.   In order to guarantee

17   housing stability in the midst of

18   gentrification, we need a good-cause eviction

19   law.

20            The real estate industry has made a

21   bogeyman of good-cause eviction.     They say

22   that if we pass this bill, it will hurt small

23   homeowners, especially property owners of

24   color.    This is a flat-out lie.   And I say
                                                     355

 1   this not only from analysis of the

 2   legislation, but also from my personal

 3   experience.   The vast majority of clients

 4   that I work with are immigrants of color who

 5   are new to this country and who have

 6   one-to-three-family homes.

 7         Now, the good-cause eviction law

 8   already has exemptions for owner-occupied

 9   one-to-three-family homes, and I'm astutely

10   aware of the challenges that working-class

11   homeowners face to maintain their homes.

12   What this eviction law will do is to extend

13   basic tenant rights to millions of New

14   Yorkers while being sensitive to the needs of

15   struggling homeowners.   Good cause will be a

16   win for all community members.

17         Good-cause eviction will help stem the

18   tide of the rise of small-home investors.

19   More and more of our housing stock, including

20   one-, two-, and three-family homes, are being

21   bought by corporate investors and

22   private-equity firms, crowding out

23   homeownership opportunities for our community

24   members.   This trend has taken off in the
                                                      356

 1   last decade.   Many investors see housing as

 2   an arena where they can make a killing, and

 3   with hardly any constraints on evicting

 4   tenants, small homes are a great way to

 5   maximize returns.

 6         Astoria has been swarmed by these

 7   predatory investors.   In 2005, about

 8   5 percent of Astoria's one- and two-family

 9   homes on the market were bought by investors.

10   And we're defining "investors" as

11   non-owner-occupants owning properties through

12   limited liability corporations.

13         And yet in the time since, the number

14   has skyrocketed.    So in 2015, the investor

15   frenzy hit its peak, with 41 percent of homes

16   on the market being bought by those

17   investors.   Today, investors are still

18   muscling out prospective buyers with nearly

19   one in three homes -- the exact percentage

20   being 26 percent of purchases on the market

21   being by investors.    This trend mirrors what

22   we've seen across Queens and in New York City

23   in recent years.

24         This data is from something called
                                                         357

 1   GeoData, which is a private realtor database.

 2         Now, one thing I had -- you know, this

 3   is all in my testimony, and I just want to

 4   expand on one thing beyond what's written --

 5   is that too often I've found that when we

 6   talk about legislation, it's either discussed

 7   as being pro-tenant or being pro-homeowner.

 8   And as a counselor of low-income homeowners

 9   and also as a tenant myself, I think that

10   it's very important to talk about how that

11   kind of analysis leaves out the role of

12   speculative interests and leaves out the role

13   of investors who are seeking to make a

14   profit.

15         I guess that's my time.

16         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

17         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.     And

18   we do have your testimony.    Thank you for --

19         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you for

20   being here with us today.

21         MR. MAMDANI:   You're very welcome.

22   Thank you for having me.

23         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

24         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Next, Boris
                                                         358

 1   Santos, to be followed by Karim Walker.

 2         MR. SANTOS:   Good evening, everyone.

 3         CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Good evening.

 4         MR. SANTOS:    I want to start off by

 5   saying -- I'm sorry, I'm naturally a loud

 6   speaker -- there's 28 Assemblymembers in the

 7   Housing Committee, 11 Senators in the Housing

 8   committee, a total of about 40 legislators.

 9   There's about half at the moment.   What I

10   want to say is thank you for sticking it

11   through this grueling hearing.   Thank you,

12   thank you, thank you.

13         I also want to say there's a qualifier

14   to testifying that might bar you from

15   testifying, which is you have to bring

16   50 copies, printed copies.    For folks that

17   take time out of their day to come and give

18   testimony -- like me -- who are working

19   class, please don't make that qualifier.      And

20   please ensure that the burden is on the state

21   for those 50 copies.    Just a quick reformist,

22   internal reformist mindset right there.

23         But good evening otherwise.    My name

24   is Boris Santos.   I am a proud member of the
                                                      359

 1   Democratic Socialists of America, which is an

 2   affiliate or partner of the Housing Justice

 3   for All Coalition.

 4           I want to preface my testimony by

 5   disclosing that the policy conclusions and

 6   recommendations that I will advocate for here

 7   are grounded on the context of the 54th

 8   Assembly District, which is the current

 9   Assembly district I live in.   I am a Bushwick

10   resident.   It is also important to note that

11   that district overlaps considerably with

12   Senate District 18.   All but nine election

13   districts that fall within Assembly District

14   54 do not fall within Senate District 18.

15           Recently an electoral campaign -- I

16   won't say which one it is, but you can

17   probably guess -- conducted a report on the

18   state of the rent-stabilized housing stock in

19   Assembly District 54.   The report is attached

20   to this testimony, so you all should have a

21   copy.   The report made it known that since

22   2007, approximately 1800 units of

23   rent-stabilized units have been deregulated

24   in Assembly District 54.   In other words,
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 1   almost 30 percent of the rent-stabilized

 2   units that once existed in this Assembly

 3   district have been deregulated.   That's 1800

 4   less families that no longer have the right

 5   to renewal, limited rent increase, and

 6   succession rights.

 7         At a time when it's becoming harder

 8   and harder to live in our city and in this

 9   state and to put food on the table, these

10   families could benefit with additional rent

11   protections.   And it is my belief that the

12   good-cause eviction bill is the only

13   legislative proposal on the table that can

14   give back those rights to those tenants.

15         The state of renters and the dimming

16   of their rights that has occurred in Assembly

17   District 54 is emblematic of the housing

18   situation across the state, and it therefore

19   should not be viewed in a silo.   In other

20   words, it is a microcosm of what is happening

21   in the entire state.   For this reason, I

22   demand that good-cause eviction be placed in

23   both houses' legislative budget proposals.    I

24   know there is an issue or a controversy or a
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 1   need of fixing of the requirement of

 2   1.5 times CPI.   That can be worked out, and I

 3   am sure the sponsor wants to do that as well.

 4         On to the next, public housing.      You

 5   all have all heard it today.    I don't want to

 6   elaborate as much, and I want to make sure my

 7   time is -- I make use of my time.    In

 8   Assembly District 54 we have Roosevelt

 9   Houses, we have 303 Vernon, we have Bed-Stuy

10   Rehab, and we have the already privatized-

11   managed Hope Gardens -- $255 million of

12   capital deficit out of that conservative

13   $32 billion, conservative $32 billion capital

14   deficit within NYCHA.

15         It is unacceptable that this Governor

16   didn't give not one second of his time to

17   public housing residents.    Let's be honest.

18   He doesn't care about poor people, low-income

19   people, people of color.    How can you not

20   mention for one second public housing?     Since

21   elected in 2010, the Governor, in tandem with

22   the State Legislature, have only allocated a

23   total of $550 million to public housing

24   residents.   That amounts to $50 million a
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 1   year.   And that is unacceptable to tenants

 2   that I share a neighborhood with.

 3           And public housing is a size, in the

 4   City of New York, bigger than that of

 5   countries.   We need to make sure that we're

 6   making the best effort to not only preserve,

 7   protect, but expand our resources and fund it

 8   in our public housing resources.

 9           So please fund it to the fullest

10   degree possible today.   Y'all know of the

11   progressive budget revenues that y'all can

12   pass -- ultra-millionaire's tax, stock

13   transfer tax, stock buyback transfer tax,

14   et cetera.   I could go down the list.

15   Pied-a-terre, et cetera.   Y'all worked on

16   many.

17           Can I just finish my testimony?    I'm

18   very passionate right now and I want to feel

19   myself a bit.   Sorry.   Thank you.

20           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   You just have a

21   few minutes -- a few seconds to.

22           MR. SANTOS:   All right, got it.

23           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:   -- since we've

24   been not allowing --
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 1         MR. SANTOS:     So I know there's a

 2   $3 billion figure in the Housing Justice for

 3   All Coalition.    I'm not even tied to that.

 4   Fund it more than that if you can, because we

 5   haven't done much in the past decade.

 6         Homelessness, we all know there is a

 7   80,000 number as pertains to HUD, 80,000

 8   homeless living in the State of New York,

 9   please support the brilliant Liz Krueger's

10   bill, Housing Stability Support.     Put it in

11   the budget.

12         And lastly, Small Home

13   Anti-Speculation Act.    Eighteen hundred to

14   2,000 homes in the last five years from 2013

15   to 2017 have been flipped in the City of

16   New York.     If you don't know what flipping

17   is, that means a big real estate developer

18   corporation takes -- purchases a home, gut

19   renovates it, makes it look very nice and

20   gentrified, and then sells it for substantial

21   profits.

22         CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:      Thank you --

23         MR. SANTOS:     Everyone should be signed

24   on to this.
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 1            And I will conclude by saying this

 2   Governor --

 3            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    No, you're --

 4            MR. SANTOS:   Thank you so much, Madam

 5   Chair.    Thank you --

 6            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    We gave you --

 7            MR. SANTOS:   -- other Madam Chair.

 8   Thank you, everyone.

 9            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:     -- more than a

10   minute extra and --

11            MR. SANTOS:   -- I really, really

12   appreciate it.

13            CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    You should

14   appreciate that.   You know, thank you.      We do

15   have all of the materials that were

16   submitted, so not to --

17            CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     We appreciate

18   your pointing out that some people might have

19   trouble making 50 copies.      So we were just

20   saying that if you come to either of our

21   offices to testify for another hearing, we

22   can help make the copies.

23            And if you're testifying -- if you're

24   submitting without testifying, you just need
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 1   the one copy to go online.

 2           MR. SANTOS:   Thank you so much,

 3   Madam Chair.   God bless you.    Y'all have a

 4   great evening.

 5           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Thank you.

 6           CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:     Thank you.

 7           CHAIRWOMAN WEINSTEIN:    Is Karim Walker

 8   here?   I don't believe he checked in.       Okay.

 9           So this then concludes the Housing

10   hearing.   We will be reconvening the joint

11   budget hearings on Monday at 11 a.m., for the

12   Local Governments hearing.      We have four

13   hearings scheduled next week -- four days of

14   hearings scheduled next week.     Actually, five

15   hearings, four days.

16           Thank you all.   Thank you, members,

17   for staying here.

18           (Whereupon, the budget hearing

19   concluded at 6:23 p.m.)

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