Regular Session - March 17, 1993

    
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         9                       ALBANY, NEW YORK

        10                       March 17, 1993

        11                         3:08 p.m.

        12

        13

        14                       REGULAR SESSION

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        16

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        18       SENATOR HUGH T. FARLEY, Acting President

        19       STEPHEN F. SLOAN, Secretary

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        23












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         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The

         2       Senate will come to order.  Senators will find

         3       their places.

         4                      Will you please rise for the

         5       Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.

         6                      (The assemblage repeated the

         7       Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

         8                      Today, in the absence of clergy,

         9       we'll bow our heads for a moment of silent

        10       prayer.

        11                      (A moment of silence was

        12       observed. )

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:

        14       Secretary will begin by reading the Journal.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  In Senate,

        16       Tuesday, March 16th.  The Senate met pursuant to

        17       adjournment, Senator Daly in the chair upon

        18       designation of the Temporary President.  Prayer

        19       by the Reverend Vincent Gordon of Bethany Chapel

        20       of Brooklyn, New York.  The Journal of Monday,

        21       March 15th, was read and approved.  On motion,

        22       session -- on motion, Senate adjourned.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Hearing











                                                             
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         1       no objection, the Journal will stand approved as

         2       read.

         3                      The order of business:

         4       Presentation of petitions.

         5                      Messages from the Assembly.

         6                      Messages from the Governor.

         7                      Reports of standing committees.

         8                      We have a report of a standing

         9       committee.  Senator Mega, chairman of the

        10       Judiciary Committee.

        11                      SENATOR MEGA:  Thank you, Mr.

        12       President.

        13                      From the Executive Chamber dated

        14       February 22nd, 1993:  To the Senate: Pursuant to

        15       the provisions of Section 2 of Article VI of the

        16       Constitution and the provisions of subdivisions

        17       (2), (3) and (4) of Section 68 of the Judiciary

        18       Law, I hereby nominate as chief judge of the

        19       Court of Appeals, Judith Smith Kaye, of New York

        20       City, to fill the vacancy caused by the

        21       resignation of Sol Wachtler.  Signed, Mario M.

        22       Cuomo, Governor.

        23                      Mr. President, this is the report











                                                             
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         1       to the full Senate that the Judiciary Committee

         2       met this morning for approximately three hours

         3       and took testimony relative to the qualifica

         4       tions of Judge Judith Smith Kaye, and before I

         5       report completely on what occurred at the

         6       committee meeting, at this time, I would like to

         7       yield to Senator Cook for the purpose of moving

         8       the nomination.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        10       Cook for the purpose of nomination.

        11                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President,

        12       thank you very much.

        13                      Going to start out by taking some

        14       exception to what I think some of my colleagues

        15       might be saying, which is that this is a histor

        16       ic occasion because we are confirming the first

        17       woman as chief judge of the Court of Appeals,

        18       because auspicious as that may be and certainly

        19       is, the real important thing is that we are

        20       confirming the best candidate that could be

        21       found for that office.  That woman -- that

        22       person happens to be a woman, and she happens

        23       also, Mr. President, if I may indulge in a bit











                                                             
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         1       of parochialism, to be a native of the 40th

         2       District and, in the tradition of -- following

         3       in the tradition of another native of not only

         4       the 40th District but, indeed, the same village

         5       of Monticello, of Judge Cooke, Judge Lawrence

         6       Cooke, who also I had the privilege of

         7       nominating some years ago.

         8                      So this is a real double

         9       privilege for me, and I want to tell you, Judge

        10       Kaye, before I launch into this formally, that

        11       there is a real celebration going on in

        12       Monticello, in Sullivan County, at this time.

        13       It's not the kind of thing that is fireworks and

        14       popping champagne corks necessarily, but there

        15       are a lot of people who know you personally and

        16       who hold very warm memories and thoughts of you,

        17       and who, within their hearts, are celebrating,

        18       and within the conversation of the community are

        19       celebrating this great occasion with you.

        20                      As I indicated, Judge Kaye was -

        21       is a native of Monticello, graduated from high

        22       school in that community, and then moved on to

        23       other locales to pursue her legal career,











                                                             
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         1       attending college at Barnard College and later

         2       attending New York University Law School.  She

         3       nevertheless is a distinguished favorite

         4       daughter of Sullivan County and of Monticello,

         5       and Judy Smith is a person who is held in -

         6       with great warmth in the thoughts of many people

         7       down there.

         8                      It serves little purpose probably

         9       to dwell upon Judge Kaye's legal qualifications

        10       since they are so well known.  I wanted to share

        11       just a couple of personal thoughts for a moment,

        12       that I found out this morning in talking with

        13       her that she and I share some common experi

        14       ences.  Both -- we are both farm -- farm kids,

        15       born on farms in adjoining counties, and we also

        16       attended one-room schoolhouses and, as chairman

        17       of the Education Committee, I find it's

        18       interesting that the chief judge indeed can be a

        19       product of a one-room school which is -- she and

        20       I are probably ones of the very few people of

        21       our general age category who share that

        22       background.

        23                      But Judge Kaye indeed is a











                                                             
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         1       distinguished jurist.  She has been an active

         2       and respected participant in formulating the

         3       legal opinions of the Court of Appeals since her

         4       original appointment in 1983.  Her sharp mind is

         5       evidenced by her questioning of the parties and

         6       her grasp of the issues that are central to the

         7       cases which appear before the court, and her

         8       votes on the court have been motivated by a

         9       respect for the law and for precedents and by a

        10       reading of the Constitution that is strongly

        11       steeped in personal individual rights.

        12                      Mr. President, out of custom, I

        13       will briefly recite some of Judge Kaye's

        14       remarkable biography, but I would preface this

        15       reading by saying that the thing that really

        16       matters is her deep personal traits of

        17       intelligence, of dedication and integrity, and a

        18       life that has been devoted in equal balance to

        19       her public duty and to her family

        20       responsibilities.

        21                      As I said, Judge Kaye graduated

        22       from Monticello High School as Judith Smith

        23       then, graduated from Barnard College, later











                                                             
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         1       enrolled in New York University Law School.  She

         2       was associate editor during her law school

         3       career of the Law Review, graduated cum laude in

         4       1962.  She became a litigation associate and

         5       then later a partner in Olwine, Connelly, Chase,

         6       O'Donnell & Weyher in the year 1969.  Prior to

         7       that, she was an assistant to Dean Niles at the

         8       New York University Law School, worked for a

         9       year with the IBM corporation, and had worked

        10       for a time with Sullivan & Cromwell, another New

        11       York City law firm.

        12                      Judge Kaye is married to Stephen

        13       Rackow Kaye, himself a New York attorney, I be

        14       lieve a native of Rockland County.  Their chil

        15       dren, Lisa, Jonathan and Gordon, have disting

        16       uished themselves in a variety of ways, ranging

        17       from law to engineering to linguistics to sports

        18       management.  In fact, she tells me at this point

        19       that one of her children is in Europe skiing and

        20       the other one is in Europe playing -- playing

        21       hockey.  So they indeed are very active people.

        22                      Judge Kaye's service in a variety

        23       of prestigious panels and positions is document











                                                             
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         1       ed in a list which occupies an entire page and

         2       which I will not, mercifully, read to you at

         3       this time, but which all the members have

         4       available to them, and her list of published

         5       writings is of equal length.

         6                      In one newspaper column which

         7       dwelt on Judge Kaye's personal characteristics,

         8       one lifetime friend is quoted as speculating as

         9       to "how her soft voice would be heard in a

        10       courtroom."  Mr. President, I predict that not

        11       only will her voice be heard in the courtroom

        12       and in courtrooms across the state of New York,

        13       but indeed they will echo across this nation as

        14       she will be even better known as a distinguished

        15       scholarly and compassionate administrator and a

        16       leader for this, one of the greatest courts in

        17       the nation over which she will preside.

        18                      Thank you.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        20       Mega.

        21                      SENATOR MEGA:  Yes.  Thank you,

        22       Mr. President.

        23                      A second on the nomination, and











                                                             
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         1       Senator Cook has said it all so well, and really

         2       covered what had to be said about the new chief

         3       judge or soon-to-be chief judge of the Court of

         4       Appeals of the state of New York.

         5                      Knowing that the Governor once

         6       played baseball, I likened this situation to a

         7       baseball game.  The judiciary is losing three to

         8       nothing in the top of the ninth, and up comes

         9       Mario Cuomo to bat, and he hits a home run with

        10       the bases loaded and wins the game, and that's

        11       what I believe the Governor has done in this

        12       situation.  He's hit a home run with the bases

        13       loaded at a time when we need the kind of

        14       leadership that Judge Kaye will bring to the

        15       court.

        16                      Merit, experience, ability, human

        17       decency, intellectual scope, they are the

        18       characteristics we look for in a chief judge,

        19       and from all that I've heard during the process

        20       and all that I've learned about Judge Kaye, she

        21       possesses all of these characteristics.

        22                      The Judiciary Committee met, as

        23       I've indicated, for almost three hours this











                                                             
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         1       morning and took testimony and made the kind of

         2       record that is to be made when we do something

         3       of such importance that affects all the people

         4       of the state of New York in such really a

         5       personal way, even though many of them may not

         6       realize that until some day they might come into

         7       contact with the judicial system.

         8                      So I think we do an extremely

         9       important thing today by confirming a judge who

        10       has the outstanding qualifications and

        11       credentials to lead the Court at a very serious

        12       time.  It's well known that Judge Kaye was on

        13       President Clinton's short list for the position

        14       of U. S. Attorney General.  Many have said that

        15       her stated preference to remain in the Court of

        16       Appeals is the President's loss and our gain,

        17       and I certainly agree with that.

        18                      Leadership, as I've indicated,

        19       surely is a crucial one at this period of time

        20       in the history of this great court, and it is a

        21       great court, for the Court of Appeals is a

        22       judicial body that has been known more in the

        23       words of one observer for its consensus than











                                                             
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         1       contentiousness and, based on all that I've come

         2       to know and all that the members of the

         3       Judiciary Committee have come to know about

         4       Judge Judith Kaye, she promises to continue to

         5       be that way when she becomes the chief judge.

         6                      Again, it was loud and clear from

         7       the testimony that you are a leader, you are a

         8       scholar, you are a student of the law, and there

         9       was some concern about the leadership aspect

        10       but, after listening to the testimony, the

        11       Committee is well satisfied, and I'm certainly

        12       well satisfied that you will bring the kind of

        13       leadership needed in the Court at this very

        14       crucial, crucial time.

        15                      So I thank all the members of the

        16       Judiciary Committee, the ranking minority

        17       member, Senator Leichter, and all of the members

        18       that participated to make the system work, and

        19       it does work.  You know, sometimes there's an

        20       indication that maybe we should be more like the

        21       federal system.  I say nay.  I say that our

        22       system is better, and it's stronger than the

        23       federal system, because we have not politicized











                                                             
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         1       it.  We have taken the best and have put the

         2       best on the Court of Appeals and that's what

         3       we've done in nominating and confirming shortly

         4       the new chief judge of the Court of Appeals.

         5                      We have not "Borked" anybody.  We

         6       have not tried to make anybody look bad during

         7       the confirmation process, because that's not

         8       what it's about.  What it's about is getting the

         9       best qualified person to sit on that court and,

        10       in this instance, we have done that.  So I am

        11       proud to be part of this process.

        12                      I second the nomination of the

        13       new chief judge of the Court of Appeals, Judge

        14       Judith Smith Kaye, and I wish you and your

        15       family well, and I say I wish for you and your

        16       family what I wish for myself and my family,

        17       continued success and, most of all, good health,

        18       good health; and any way that I, as chairman of

        19       the Judiciary Committee, can be helpful in your

        20       new duties, I certainly would try to be.

        21                      Congratulations.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        23       Nolan.











                                                             
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         1                      SENATOR NOLAN:  I'm going to be

         2       brief, because I have a throat that makes it

         3       very difficult for me to speak today and a lot

         4       of people probably think that's pretty good.

         5                      But, Judge, I just first want to

         6       take the opportunity to congratulate Mario Cuomo

         7       on naming Judith Kaye to this great position as

         8       chief judge of the Court of Appeals.

         9                      It's been said before, but it

        10       certainly was a tremendous choice.  Judith Kaye

        11       has been a brilliant lawyer, a great judge.  She

        12       has written some tremendous opinions.  She has

        13        -- her writings really are some of the sharpest

        14       writings that I personally have seen in the

        15       Court of Appeals in many, many years.

        16                      And so, although the fact that

        17       Judge Kaye is a woman is certainly a historic

        18       first, but even more important she was the best

        19       qualified person to become the chief judge of

        20       this Court of Appeals.

        21                      She follows a -- comes from a

        22       very illustrious place, Monticello, New York.

        23       My -- one of the three senior law partners in my











                                                             
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         1       law firm, Richard Weiner, who comes from an old

         2       family down in Monticello, and he said to say

         3       hello to you, Judge, so Joe Wasser, there's been

         4       so many great people from down there, and you

         5       certainly -- are certainly not the least but

         6       moved to the front of all of these great folks

         7       from Monticello.

         8                      I also want to point out that

         9       Judge Kaye also happens to be a woman for all

        10       seasons.  Lo and behold, last summer I was part

        11       of an official delegation of the city of Albany

        12       to the city of Verona, and lo and behold, who

        13       wound up going to the opera one night with us,

        14       it was Judge Kaye and her husband, and she

        15       certainly is a great fan of opera, and I know

        16       you'll continue that as well as being a great

        17       judge.

        18                      So I'm pleased and happy to

        19       second this nomination, Judge, and God bless and

        20       Godspeed, and I know you'll do a great job in

        21       leading this court forward.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        23       Smith.











                                                             
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         1                      SENATOR SMITH:  Thank you, Mr.

         2       President.

         3                      Since her appointment as

         4       associate judge to the Court of Appeals in 1983,

         5       Judge Kaye has illustrated her clear

         6       understanding of the law, and she has helped

         7       shape the judicial protocol of the state and has

         8       enlightened the court's decisions with her

         9       unique and vibrant persona.

        10                      Judge Kaye is clearly one of the

        11       most astute jurists in this country.  She has

        12       the credentials, temperament and the vision to

        13       lead the New York State Court of Appeals into

        14       the next century.

        15                      I applaud Governor Cuomo for

        16       making this nomination.  I applaud all of you

        17       for voting for Judge Kaye, and I know that she

        18       will represent all of the people of the state of

        19       New York, but especially the majority, the women

        20       of the state, who are extremely proud of you and

        21       we hope to be here behind you in every way

        22       possible.

        23                      Congratulations!











                                                             
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         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

         2       Galiber.

         3                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Thank you, Mr.

         4       President.

         5                      I rise to join my voice with my

         6       colleagues who have so many good things to say

         7       about this candidate.

         8                      I had the -- the Governor and I

         9       don't always agree, Mr. Chairman.  From time to

        10       time, we go in different directions.  Every now

        11       and then, though, he does some good things and

        12       we are glad then to support him.  This is one of

        13       the better things that he has done.

        14                      This justice of our court, soon

        15       to become judge -- chief judge of the Court of

        16       Appeals, as I listened to the comments this

        17       morning, and I knew them all along, all those

        18       good things that were said, some nine and a half

        19       years ago I had the opportunity to hear some

        20       things that led me to believe that nine and a

        21       half years later, they would certainly be better

        22       than they were then.  Such things as compassion

        23       which you don't hear often in the judicial











                                                             
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         1       branch of government, even-handed treatment, and

         2       this young person who brings so much dignity to

         3       our court, an even-handed administrator, that's

         4       what she will be, an even-handed administrator,

         5       as she metes out justice in the state of New

         6       York.

         7                      Love of people, dignity, some of

         8       our communities that I come from where they give

         9       persons extra credit for life experiences.  They

        10       give them so much credit in college because of

        11       what they've done in their life experience.

        12       Judge Kaye has so many qualifications just in

        13       life experiences, which is rare in our judicial

        14       process or branch of government.

        15                      I had an opportunity to question

        16       Judge Kaye, no, just to make some observations

        17       because I don't think any of us really

        18       questioned her.  I mentioned at the end that she

        19       had been instrumental, along with the last

        20       appointment, and that was Bundy Smith converted

        21       me from a merit -- back to a merit system, not

        22       back to a merit system but to a merit system

        23       which I had some doubts about before because











                                                             
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         1       I've been around long enough to know that some

         2       20-odd years ago, when you mentioned merit,

         3       merit was used to exclude people, not to judge

         4       their qualifications.  So I have been

         5       converted.

         6                      I talked to Judge Kaye this

         7       morning about some troubled areas, recognizing,

         8       of course, as we all know that racism in our

         9       judicial system is alive and doing well and

        10       pointing up that, as a result of the former

        11       justice, judge, chief judge of the Court of

        12       Appeals, who recognized and was sensitized also,

        13       asked for some report, the Franklin Williams

        14       report, and a couple of other task forces, which

        15       meant that things weren't happening in our

        16       judicial system as they should be, and she

        17       assured us that she would carefully, carefully

        18       take all those factors into consideration and

        19       she could do that with ease because being the

        20       person that she is, with that experience that

        21       she has had, the outside experience, this living

        22       experience, assured me that she will be fair and

        23       just and careful as to who is picked as











                                                             
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         1       administrator for her to see to it that some of

         2       the troubled areas that she is aware of will be

         3       resolved.

         4                      So I am happy that our system is

         5       working.  I was privileged to meet some good

         6       friends this morning, old friends, and I want to

         7       take this opportunity, Mr. Chairman, to thank

         8       you for running such a great judiciary, as you

         9       have since you've been the chairperson.  I was

        10       honored and privileged to be your ranking

        11       minority at one time, but Franz Leichter came

        12       and pushed me out a little bit, and that was

        13       O.K., because it came in good hands.

        14                      But I had an opportunity to

        15       reflect back, John Marchi, Senator Marchi, and

        16       Dick Bartlett, who was there saying good, kind,

        17       honest things this morning; Judge Hugh Jones

        18       again, who I was privileged to serve with on the

        19       Jones Commission -- that was a knee-jerk

        20       reaction to the Attica situation -- and a few

        21       others.

        22                      So, Judge Kaye, I'm very happy

        23       for you, and I'm happy for your family and, most











                                                             
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         1       of all, I'm happy for the people of the state of

         2       New York, your coming on board.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

         4       Ohrenstein.

         5                      SENATOR OHRENSTEIN:  Mr.

         6       President, I'd like to yield to Senator Leichter

         7       who is the ranking member on Judiciary, for the

         8       purpose of seconding this nomination.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        10       Leichter.

        11                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr. President,

        12       I'm happy to join my colleagues here in second

        13       ing this nomination.

        14                      As much as a confirmation, this

        15       is also a celebration.  It's a celebration

        16       because it's a historic moment.  We're about to

        17       confirm the first woman as chief judge of the

        18       state of New York.  Unfortunately, it took us

        19       some 200-plus years to reach this point and,

        20       unfortunately, we've only had one woman serve as

        21       an associate justice, and that happens to be

        22       indeed the person that we're about to confirm as

        23       chief judge.  But this is a step forward, a











                                                             
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         1       significant step forward.

         2                      It's also a celebration because

         3       we're filling this post with a person of

         4       outstanding qualifications.  We are really,

         5       indeed, fortunate that we have found somebody

         6       with the excellent credentials of Judge Kaye.

         7       Make no mistake about it.  This is a very, very

         8       special appointment.  This is a special person.

         9       This will be an outstanding chief judge, and I

        10       think that's particularly important because we

        11       had as predecessor an outstanding chief judge.

        12       And it must be said, and I think we all very

        13       much feel the pain and the tragedy which created

        14       the vacancy, and sometimes when you have a

        15       situation with that pain one doesn't talk about

        16       it, but I would hope that there would be an

        17       occasion where we as a Legislature as well as, I

        18       would hope, other segments of our society, the

        19       bar and so on, would celebrate the outstanding

        20       work that Judge Wachtler did, and irrespective

        21       of whatever may have happened, the fact is that

        22       he was an outstanding chief judge, and that

        23       needs to be recognized and makes it all the more











                                                             
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         1       important that we have found somebody who will

         2       carry on in the same outstanding tradition.

         3                      And let me say the style may be

         4       different, and I'm sure that Judge Kaye will

         5       bring to this position her own method, her own

         6       manner, but nobody should make any mistake that

         7       she will have that commitment, that conviction

         8       and that fight for those issues and those

         9       matters that are important for the judiciary,

        10       just as Judge Wachtler did.

        11                      You've heard of the outstanding

        12       record that she has had as a member of the bar,

        13       as a member of the Court of Appeals.  She brings

        14       intelligence; she brings clarity, candor, a

        15       succinctness.  I just want to say that she

        16       exhibited at the hearing today an ability to

        17       answer questions in a very simple, clear,

        18       understandable manner.  There are some judges

        19       whose skill or profundity is based on the fact

        20       that nobody understands what they say, so the

        21       belief is that they must be very profound.  This

        22       is a judge whose skill is to be very clear, and

        23       what makes her profound is the fact that you can











                                                             
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         1       understand what she says.

         2                      Let me say that I know that she

         3       is an extremely hard worker because of a

         4       personal experience I had.  Unaccustomed as I am

         5       to get to my office early, I did so this morning

         6       and I look in the hall and I see two people

         7       walking around.  They looked a little lost.  I

         8       figured they were constituents complaining about

         9       the budget; and no, indeed, it was Judge Kaye

        10       and her husband who, if he hasn't been

        11       introduced yet, I'm sure will be, a

        12       distinguished member of the bar.  They were

        13       looking for some legislators to shake hands

        14       with.  None of us were around that early.  But I

        15       think that's the sort of work ethic she's going

        16       to bring to the position and, indeed, that she's

        17       exhibited.

        18                      This is also a celebration

        19       because we celebrate how well the system works

        20       for choosing our judges of the Court of

        21       Appeals.  We have really had the outstanding

        22       bench in the United States, and the merit system

        23       has worked exceptionally well.  It's brought











                                                             
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         1       really the best that we have to offer to this

         2       very important court, and we certainly do that

         3       today.  We bring the very best to be the head of

         4       that court, the chief judge.

         5                      I'm delighted to second the

         6       nomination of Judge Judith Kaye for chief judge

         7       of the state of New York.

         8                      Thank you.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        10       Ohrenstein, you still have the floor.

        11                      SENATOR OHRENSTEIN:  Mr.

        12       President, I'm delighted to join in Senator

        13       Leichter's seconding of this nomination and

        14       delighted to be here to participate in this

        15       very, very important moment in the history of

        16       the state of New York, and I'd like to say a

        17       couple of things.  I want to talk a little bit

        18       about the nominating process here.  I want to

        19       talk a little bit about the Court of Appeals

        20       and, obviously, I want to talk about Judge

        21       Kaye.

        22                      First of all, I think once again

        23       this nomination and the process that was follow











                                                             
1148

         1       ed in the wake of a very great governmental and

         2       personal tragedy vindicates the process which

         3       this Legislature set in motion some five or ten

         4       years ago.  We are an outstanding example in

         5       this state of a non-partisan merit selection

         6       process with regard to the Court of Appeals.

         7                      I wish I could say that we've

         8       followed that process with regard to all

         9       judicial nominations but, as the ways of the

        10       Legislature and of politics may be, we have not

        11       reached that point yet.  But we certainly can be

        12       very proud here, on a non-partisan basis, of the

        13       process that is being followed here and that has

        14       been followed with regard to the Court of

        15       Appeals for some decade and a half.  It is

        16       non-partisan.  It is a merit selection process.

        17       It has produced some of the finest judges we

        18       have ever had on this bench, and it has

        19       produced, in my opinion, the finest court in the

        20       country.

        21                      So that I think it bears saying,

        22       and I said it when Judge Bundy Smith was -- came

        23       here for confirmation, because it was again an











                                                             
1149

         1       example of a process that reached out and was

         2       able to produce a very, very fine nominee and

         3       again, here in a very crucial, very difficult

         4       time, we come to the fruition of the process in

         5       terms of the nomination and of -- and the

         6       appointment of a highly highly qualified

         7       individual.  So that we should be very proud of

         8       it, and perhaps we will all learn something from

         9       it and begin to strengthen that process and to

        10       extend it to other parts of the judiciary.

        11                      Secondly, I want to say something

        12       about the Court of Appeals, our Court of

        13       Appeals, and this is a little bit political and

        14       please forgive me because I know that some

        15       people on the other side of the house may

        16       disagree with some of this, but we have been

        17       through a decade -- over a decade in the United

        18       States, of struggles about our judicial system

        19       and I'm referring to the struggles -- the very

        20       political and ideological struggle that has

        21       taken place in this country with regard to the

        22       Supreme Court of the United States.  We can, at

        23       one and the same time, be extraordinarily proud











                                                             
1150

         1       of our system, because our system has prevailed

         2       during very difficult times and has functioned

         3       during very difficult struggles that were

         4       political and ideological, and on the question

         5       of merit, on the question of some of the most

         6       moving and profound issues that this country has

         7       been faced with.

         8                      But in -- in that struggle, in

         9       those struggles institutionally, we are set up

        10       with a series of checks and balances between the

        11       three major portions of government, and the

        12       court system is one of them, and the Supreme

        13       Court of the United States, of course, is the

        14       most important court in the country and has the

        15       power to determine some of these very, very

        16       profound issues.

        17                      There are many of us who have

        18       found the Supreme Court wanting from time to

        19       time.  As I said before, that's a -- that is a

        20       conclusion which obviously there is some -- a

        21       lot of disagreement on, but at least it ought to

        22       be said that that was the case and that, as a

        23       result of the way the Supreme Court has











                                                             
1151

         1       functioned over the last 10 or 15 years, or

         2       maybe even 20 years -- I can't count the

         3       years -- there has been a profound disagreement

         4       with the -- with the way that court has gone and

         5       in the way that court has dealt with some of the

         6       very profound issues before it, and -- but no

         7       one can gainsay that the court functioned

         8       legally and according to the dictates of our

         9       system.

        10                      The reason I say this is not to

        11       get into a political controversy, but during

        12       that time the Court of Appeals of the state of

        13       New York was and became the bellwether court of

        14       this country, because when the Supreme Court in

        15       its wisdom began to walk away from some of the

        16       decisions it had put into place some decades

        17       ago, whether they related to civil rights or

        18       civil liberty or to the function of the federal

        19       system or to the function of the system of

        20       checks and balances in our system, when that

        21       court took a certain position which at least

        22       some people in this country disagreed with, it

        23       was the Court of Appeals of this state who,











                                                             
1152

         1       again and again, examined and re-examined these

         2       decisions, these issues, as they came before it

         3       on a case-by-case basis, and exhibited a wisdom

         4       and a profound understanding of the mandates and

         5       the imperatives of the American system of

         6       democracy which were parallel to none.

         7                      So we can be extremely proud that

         8       during that decade and a half or for however

         9       many years, it was this court, and it is this

        10       court that discharged that responsibility to the

        11       people of this state and made an example to the

        12       people of this country as to where judicial

        13       opinion and judicial policy should go.

        14                      I dare say that, as the new

        15       Supreme Court or as the changed Supreme Court

        16       begins to evolve during this administration and

        17       subsequent administrations in Washington, we're

        18       going to find that the United States Supreme

        19       Court will be following and citing as precedents

        20       many, many of the opinions that have been

        21       written by this Court of Appeals over the last

        22       two decades, and that they will begin to follow

        23       some of the ground that was plowed by this Court











                                                             
1153

         1       of Appeals.

         2                      So I believe that we have every

         3       reason to be proud of this court and to be proud

         4       of the position this state as a result occupies

         5       within the judicial system and within the

         6       development of judicial policy and governmental

         7       policy as enunciated by this court.

         8                      The reason I say all of this is

         9       because it is extraordinarily important that, in

        10       the wake of the tragedy facing us here, that

        11       this court continue in that fashion and it has,

        12       not only before but during the terrible events

        13       which have played out here during the last four

        14       months, and most important that it continue to

        15       be a court which -- which follows and displays

        16       the wisdom and the judgment and the discretion

        17       that this court has done over the last several

        18       decades, and that is why this particular

        19       nomination is historic and of extraordinary

        20       importance, because we are not just selecting

        21       another associate judge of the Court of Appeals,

        22       as important as that position is.  We are here

        23       voting on the chief judge of the Court of











                                                             
1154

         1       Appeals and, in our system, that chief judge is

         2       not only a member of the Court of Appeals, but

         3       is also a powerful supervising administrator of

         4       the court system as a whole and, therefore,

         5       needs to have the qualifications to discharge

         6       that job as well.

         7                      And, in that regard, I, too, want

         8       to join with my colleagues in congratulating the

         9       Governor, in congratulating first of all the

        10       nominating commission, for coming up with a

        11       series of very, very wise and very effective

        12       judges, but most of all for having put into the

        13       picture as a suggested nominee that of Judge

        14       Judith Kaye, an associate judge, presently

        15       associate judge of the Court of Appeals, and I

        16       want to join in congratulating the Governor for

        17       having the wisdom to select her as the nominee

        18       that he chose to forward to us for confirmation,

        19       because I can't think of anybody that has come

        20       under consideration for this position that could

        21       discharge the responsibilities that I just

        22       alluded to than -- better than Judge Kaye.

        23                      Her qualifications and her











                                                             
1155

         1       history has been talked about by others on this

         2       floor, so I don't certainly have to enumerate

         3       those, but what is important to say and the

         4       reason I'm pausing a little bit, because I'm

         5       trying to phrase this happily and

         6       diplomatically.  I would say what is most,

         7       perhaps, proof of the pudding here, that we all

         8       know that Judge Kaye, not by her own design but

         9       by the design of people whose wisdom is -- goes

        10       beyond that of the state of New York, had come

        11       under consideration during this period for

        12       another position which, by historic accident,

        13       became very controversial.  And so let's all

        14       accept the compliment in terms of this state,

        15       that it was Judge Kaye who was obviously under

        16       consideration by our new President for Attorney

        17       General of the United States.

        18                      I have no knowledge of the facts

        19       any more than the rest of you do except by what

        20       I read in the newspapers, but I assume the

        21       newspapers weren't entirely wrong, and I would

        22       dare say that had Judge Kaye chosen to play in

        23       that game -- and I don't know whether it was











                                                             
1156

         1       offered to her or not; only she knows that, and

         2       the President knows that -- but had she entered

         3       that game, that she probably would have been

         4       taken away from us and would now be serving in

         5       that position.  But I consider it an enormous

         6       compliment that, for whatever reason, that Judge

         7       Kaye chose to remain here at her post during

         8       this very important time and chose this as the

         9       preferred route for public service which she is

        10       now engaging.

        11                      So, as I said before, I think we

        12        -- there is no one who could have been better

        13       qualified or is better qualified for this very,

        14       very enormously important position during this

        15       time.

        16                      Finally, I have to say

        17       personally, I've known Judge Kaye for some years

        18       and her husband, who joins her in the gallery.

        19       She is a constituent of mine, and she's even a

        20       neighbor in -- on the West Side of Manhattan.

        21       And so I am personally delighted, both in terms

        22       of merit and the very profound historic

        23       opportunity we are now discharging.











                                                             
1157

         1                      I'm also personally delighted on

         2       behalf of myself and my family, and our

         3       neighborhood, for seeing Judge Kaye here today

         4       and for being able, with great joy and in

         5       celebration, to cast this vote in the

         6       affirmative.

         7                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator

         8       Stafford.

         9                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Mr. President,

        10       I was very fortunate a number of years ago.

        11       Judge Kaye had just been appointed to the Court

        12       of Appeals, and she gave the commencement where

        13       I attended with she and her husband.  I was not

        14       only impressed by her eloquence but also her

        15       reasonable brevity.  We have problems with that

        16       here, Judge, but we'll -- we're working on it.

        17                      I have to say that I was here too

        18       when we changed the law as far as the Court of

        19       Appeals members being appointed or elected.  Of

        20       course, they're now appointed, and I, too, agree

        21       that this certainly is an example of the system

        22       working very well.

        23                      I also am impressed by the











                                                             
1158

         1       members of the judiciary who have supported

         2       Judge Kaye's appointment, as has been indicated

         3       here today by Judge Jones on her left, and the

         4       presiding justice of the Appellate Division,

         5       Third Department, Judge Weiss, here today and we

         6       all know, and again everyone should be

         7       complimented, as has been mentioned, that we

         8       have a chief justice who will serve in the same

         9       manner as Learned Hand, Benjamin Cardozo, and

        10       continue to make the Court of Appeals of the

        11       state of New York the finest court in the

        12       nation.

        13                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Larkin.

        14                      SENATOR LARKIN:  Thank you, Mr.

        15       President.

        16                      I had the privilege of

        17       representing Sullivan County for a number of

        18       years with my good colleague, Senator Cook, and

        19       I heard the judge's name mentioned about how she

        20       used to come home and how the people in Small

        21       wood always thought about her in the store and

        22       there was always that warmness, and it was

        23       always that roots coming home, understanding,











                                                             
1159

         1       compassion, concern.

         2                      Since this opening took place a

         3       few months ago, some of those people that I call

         4       constituents called me and said, Don't forget

         5       her.  She's not just a lawyer.  She's just not a

         6       person on the bench.  She is a responsible,

         7       dedicated, committed person.

         8                      When you talk about roots, I

         9       remember when I came to the Senate body, my

        10       91-year-old aunt, I called her and told her I

        11       won.  Her comment was, Don't forget where you

        12       came from.  And I think that's what we're saying

        13       about this charming lady.

        14                      But I think one of the things

        15       I've heard here today is we've made great

        16       strides.  We now have a woman as our chief

        17       judge.  Being the proud father of two daughters,

        18       I would rather say we made history, that's

        19       right; we prevailed, and the best candidate, not

        20       a woman among women, but a candidate among

        21       candidates, not breaking ice but ensuring that

        22       the person that was going to lead that court was

        23       the best qualified.











                                                             
1160

         1                      You know, we were fortunate in

         2       the Hudson Valley.  We had Judge Cooke, and what

         3       a wonderful successor down the line.  I think

         4       that those of us in this chamber and the people

         5       in the state of New York, and especially us in

         6       the Hudson Valley who know of her background and

         7       her concern, and have had a chance to understand

         8       her rationale and reasoning for why and what,

         9       clearly understand that today this confirmation

        10       is of an individual who is the highest

        11       qualified, the best qualified, and the only

        12       qualified.

        13                      Congratulations.

        14                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Marchi.

        15                      SENATOR MARCHI:  Mr. President,

        16       Senator Mega justifiably pointed with pride to

        17       his staff and to the members of the Committee

        18       and reflected a feeling that he must have sensed

        19       flowed from the members of that Committee on the

        20       way in which he presided and conducted the

        21       hearing that we had this morning and, indeed,

        22       the entire process as he likes to refer to it.

        23                      The felicitous underlying fact,











                                                             
1161

         1       of course, also enhanced the pride which we all

         2       felt because he was working and passing on a

         3       candidate of unusual merit, and it was a very

         4       felicitous matching of consideration going to an

         5       eminently qualified candidate for the position.

         6                      In piecing together the mosaic

         7       that makes up Judge Kaye, there are many ele

         8       ments, many pieces; and allusions and references

         9       were made to professional qualifications,

        10       professional acuity, the intelligence, mastery,

        11       judgment, so many different factors, and to that

        12       have to be added, I believe, broad-gauged taste

        13       and educational background.  These tastes have a

        14        -- not a capital "C", catholicity, a broad

        15       gauged grasp of moral values, cultural values,

        16       and they enhance the entire process, because the

        17       most prosaic and pedantic consideration in the

        18       world may contain a lot of wisdom, but unless it

        19       is animated and it is given dimensions that we

        20       can embrace, that engages the hearts as well as

        21       the souls of people, it is not going to be as

        22       operative and make a difference.  And all of

        23       these factors were there.











                                                             
1162

         1                      You had the family, the family

         2       being cut from the same bolt of cloth because

         3       they brought in so many different tastes and

         4       interests that reinforced and gave life to

         5       anything that they addressed and, in her case,

         6       this single devotion when it came to public

         7       responsibility in defining issues that were very

         8       important to all of us.

         9                      Senator Galiber and myself shared

        10       some of our deeply felt concerns with her, not

        11       that it's going to lead to anything, not with

        12       the expectation that it would conform to our

        13       deeply felt concerns, but it was a dialogue

        14       which we felt better in sharing it with her, and

        15       I'd like to feel that she felt the same way in

        16       receiving commentary and observations.

        17                      So I know that we're only a silly

        18       millimeter apart, Senator Ohrenstein, and you

        19       were projecting your "druthers" and I was

        20       projecting mine, but I think both of us, both of

        21       us know, both of us know and draw comfort from

        22       the fact that judgment, intelligence, character,

        23       these factors all come together so that we both











                                                             
1163

         1        -- we both could draw considerable comfort

         2       knowing that you will be there and caring for it

         3       in your accustomed manner, and this I feel

         4       institutionally adds to the strength of this

         5       state.

         6                      People say, well, gee, you're

         7       walking in on a very difficult situation, and

         8       all of us are in the middle of a very difficult

         9       situation.  But the call is very special, so the

        10       opportunity, if we look at it not as a -- as an

        11       obstacle to be overcome but as an opportunity to

        12       make that difference, in the face of great,

        13       great challenges, then indeed it -- I think we

        14       all mutually interact in circumstances such as

        15       these to draw strength from it and we certainly

        16        -- you certainly have our prayers and our hopes

        17       and everything that -- and our best wishes, you

        18       and your family, that you will draw comfort from

        19       the proceedings here today, and that you -- when

        20       you look to us, that you will be looking to a

        21       resource, a resource of comfort and of strength

        22       in carrying out your awesome responsibilities.

        23                      I join my other colleagues to -











                                                             
1164

         1       to move this confirmation, a most felicitous

         2       one, as I pointed out earlier.

         3                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Mendez.

         4                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Mr. President,

         5       it is with great pride that I, as a woman, stand

         6       up here today to also second the nomination of

         7       this brilliant woman, Judge Judith Kaye, to be

         8       the chief of the Supreme -- to be chief judge of

         9       the Court of Appeals.

        10                      I will not talk about her

        11       brilliant mind and brilliant legal career.  I

        12       will not talk about any of those issues.  I just

        13       want to mention, Mr. President, that one word

        14       has been used, another great one to describe

        15       what we're doing here today, and that is that

        16       this is a moment in history.  This is historic

        17       and I, for one, think about all those brilliant

        18       young women presently studying in all the

        19       various law schools throughout the nation

        20       contemplating the possibility of making a

        21       contribution in the -- in the legal field, that

        22       they will be looking upon Judge Kaye as the

        23       model, the role model to follow because -- and











                                                             
1165

         1       the best that any young lawyer could aspire to

         2       and that is a tremendous contribution.

         3                      We know that, even though in

         4       today's world, one-third of the women who go to

         5       law school, that finally are admitted and about

         6       one-third of the graduates of law school are

         7       women, we know that, but still we also know that

         8       there are great barriers because today -- I love

         9       all you guys -- it is still a man's world.  So

        10       that women do have greater barriers to go

        11       through to obtain their goals.

        12                      I hope, and I know that Judge

        13       Kaye will make all of us, not only women, but

        14       all you residents of New York State and of the

        15       nation proud, will make us proud of her judicial

        16        -- judicial temperament and rational decisions

        17       that she'll be making there.

        18                      But I hope that she -- I know

        19       that she must know about that famous report that

        20       came out of the Governor's Task Force on Judi

        21       cial Diversity that has great recommendations as

        22       to what both parties in the state of New York

        23       should do to ensure that greater, greater











                                                             
1166

         1       representation, opportunity be given to Puerto

         2       Ricans, African-Americans and Hispanics and

         3       women and other protected classes to obtain

         4       positions within the judiciary, and I hope that

         5       in some way and I figure that if she, in some

         6       way, will be able to, she will try to also

         7       outside her immediate legal work that she might

         8       also contribute there, because that situation,

         9       for the benefit of all must eventually be

        10       changed.

        11                      Finally, I really want to

        12       congratulate Governor Cuomo and Senator Mega and

        13       the members of the Committee and the process by

        14       which Judge Kaye was selected.  You know, it's

        15       very funny, and I think so many times, Mr.

        16       President, when I was elected to serve in this

        17       great chamber, I became a member of the modern

        18       courts, something or other, and I was very -- I

        19       have always been very hopeful that that is the

        20       best way that we should follow to be sure that

        21       judges are, in fact, separated from the reach of

        22       us politicians.

        23                      Well, that system has worked with











                                                             
1167

         1       the Court of Appeals.  However, that system, in

         2       my view, and I am very ambivalent about it -- I

         3       never felt that I would be, but I am very

         4       ambivalent about it -- that system is not

         5       working that well in terms of providing genuine

         6       opportunity for Puerto Ricans, African-Americans

         7       and other minorities to become judges in the

         8       city of New York and in the state of New York.

         9                      And so we must revise this

        10       situation.  These commissions always end up

        11       finding a way not to submit names of minorities

        12       that are also highly qualified to make a

        13       contribution within the judicial system, but

        14       since it goes for the Court of Appeals, we'll

        15       rejoice in Judge Kaye's appointment, and we also

        16       know that at last -- at least that system of

        17       merit selection of judges has, in fact, once

        18       more done an excellent job in -- in choosing the

        19       highest qualified person that could possibly

        20       serve there.

        21                      Congratulations, Judge Kaye.

        22                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator

        23       Dollinger.











                                                             
1168

         1                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Thank you,

         2       Mr. President.

         3                      I rise, I guess, for what I call

         4       a very uncommon moment at least in my ten weeks

         5       of experience in this chamber and, your Honor,

         6       with all due respect, it really doesn't involve

         7       some of the other issues that have been talked

         8       about here.

         9                      What I find uncommon is that both

        10       sides of the aisle have sung the praises of our

        11       next chief judge.  I'd like to talk -- first of

        12       all, I'd like to commend Senator Mega for the

        13       handling of the hearing with respect to Judge

        14       Kaye.  It seems to me that both handling the

        15       hearing and handling the issues was very, very

        16       well done and, as I said, is an uncommon event

        17       that we, as the members of this body who tend to

        18       have contentious moments, came together on this

        19       nomination.

        20                      I want to talk, your Honor, just

        21       about the common man, my startling question to

        22       you on the common law, in what I think is a very

        23       common moment, and that is the issue of











                                                             
1169

         1       nominating and approving a chief judge of the

         2       New York Court of Appeals.  It is something that

         3       this body has done before, but it's unusual when

         4       this Legislature gets the opportunity to elect

         5       someone to something else.  Usually we're in the

         6       business of electing ourselves or electing our

         7       peers, and we come together today to elect

         8       someone to a coordinate branch of government, to

         9       elevate someone in our system of checks and

        10       balances between a legislative branch, an

        11       executive branch and a judicial branch.  We hold

        12       the power to name that other branch of

        13       government, and it seems to me that -- and I

        14       will depart slightly from my colleagues who have

        15       talked about the issue of gender because, for

        16       me, that's not an uncommon factor.

        17                      For me to celebrate gender over

        18       competence is to downplay the very skills that

        19       have brought you to this day.  They have been

        20       sung by others.  I won't sing them at any

        21       greater length here, but I do want to touch on

        22       the issue of the common man, the part of this

        23       common law question that I asked you.











                                                             
1170

         1                      My colleagues, Senator Galiber

         2       and Senator Mendez, I think, talk about the

         3       evolution of the common man as we've known it in

         4       this country.  Look around this chamber and

         5       you'll see a different face on the common man.

         6       It might not even be a man; it might be a woman,

         7       might be a member of a minority, an African

         8       American, a Puerto Rican, other minorities.

         9                      Our notion in this state of the

        10       common man is changing.  Our system of justice,

        11       our system of common law, has to change too.

        12       When I asked you the question about the common

        13       law, and you said you were startled, I -- I only

        14       wanted to emphasize that many of us in this

        15       chamber believe that we make the law in this

        16       state.  We hold the power to make the law.

        17       Those of us who have studied the law, studied

        18       the tradition of law, realize that we are late

        19       entrants into the business of creating law, that

        20       it is common law courts, common law judges

        21       applying the wisdom of their own experience and

        22       their sense of fairness to a set of facts that

        23       have generated the major portion and the major











                                                             
1171

         1       development of our system of law in this

         2       country.

         3                      It's my hope, as I suggested in

         4       the hearing today, that you will take the common

         5       law as others have done before you, and that you

         6       will drive it forward again to the next

         7       century.  Don't be afraid that the common law

         8       may go too far.  We hold the power in this

         9       branch to tell you that you've gone too far if

        10       that's what we determine.  Take the common law,

        11       make sure that it addresses the fundamental

        12       issues of fairness for the growing and evolving

        13       common man.

        14                      And lastly, it's my hope to you

        15       that, as you take the mantle of the judge and

        16       don the robe, that you won't let the burdens of

        17       that system which too often we rely on for true

        18       justice or true fairness, that you won't let the

        19       burdens of that system overwhelm you personally

        20       or overwhelm the court that we all revere.

        21                      When you see problems, don't

        22       hesitate to say, This is an issue that deserves

        23       legislative attention.  Don't hesitate to be a











                                                             
1172

         1       product to force those of us who should be

         2       looking out for the common man's interest to

         3       make sure that we better represent him.  It's my

         4       hope that the solutions will both come from here

         5       and be brought here.

         6                      I welcome you as the chief judge

         7       of the New York Court of Appeals.  As a member

         8       of the coordinate branch of government, it's my

         9       proud moment to -- my uncommon moment for me to

        10       cast a ballot both in your favor and in favor of

        11       this court and in favor of the system that we

        12       all hold so dear.

        13                      Congratulations and good luck.

        14                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Farley.

        15                      SENATOR FARLEY:  Thank you, Mr.

        16       President.

        17                      Justice Kaye, as a father of two

        18       lawyers that are married to two lawyers, and as

        19       a law professor and a lawyer, what a distinct

        20       pleasure and honor it is for me to support this

        21       nomination.

        22                      When I was in law school, I saw a

        23       study that showed that there were less women











                                                             
1173

         1       lawyers than any other profession.  Today in

         2       almost every law school, the classes are equally

         3       divided.  And what a thrill it is for New York

         4       State and for this chamber and for our Governor

         5       to have appointed a woman to the generally

         6       recognized premier and leading state court in

         7       the nation; and, Judith Kaye, you were a pioneer

         8       without a doubt as a lawyer and as a woman.

         9                      You, through your remarkable

        10       career and how you progressed to where you are,

        11       you make everybody proud, everybody in the legal

        12       profession.  The legal profession, as we all

        13       know, is sometimes criticized, particularly this

        14       body, and all the lawyers that serve here, but I

        15       think it's an honorable profession and, as we

        16       get more and more women that are rising stars

        17       within our profession, maybe our entire image

        18       will improve.

        19                      I am particularly proud to

        20       support this nomination.  Your competence is

        21       even more significant than your sex, and let me

        22       say that may your tenure be blessed with the

        23       luck of the Irish in that you are being











                                                             
1174

         1       confirmed on St. Patrick's Day.

         2                      Congratulations.

         3                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Sheffer.

         4                      SENATOR SHEFFER:  Mr. President,

         5       for several reasons, it's a source of great

         6       pride for me to join in supporting and in

         7       celebrating the confirmation of Judge Kaye as

         8       chief judge.

         9                      Many Senators have paid tribute

        10       to the extraordinary legal talent and judicial

        11       temperament and personal dedication of Judge

        12       Kaye.  I want to speak to a slightly different

        13       dimension of Judge Kaye's stewardship for this

        14       state.

        15                      Over the last several years, I've

        16       been privileged to serve with Judge Kaye and

        17       several others on the Regents Visiting Committee

        18       for the State Archives.  When I was first asked

        19       to serve on that body, I, frankly, assumed there

        20       would not be enough caffeine on this planet to

        21       keep one awake during meetings on the state

        22       archives.  As a result of the really exceptional

        23       contributions of Judge Kaye and people like











                                                             
1175

         1       former Regent Chodos, that has been for me an

         2       exceptionally interesting and productive

         3       experience.

         4                      Last June, all of you voted in

         5       this chamber for creation of a State Archives

         6       Partnership Trust, which was a real tribute to

         7       the work that Judge Kaye and that committee has

         8       done.

         9                      My point is to say that, in

        10       addition to her extraordinary tenure on the

        11       Court of Appeals, Judith Kaye is the type of

        12       person who has lent her talent and commitment

        13       and time to efforts for this state that are

        14       apart from her judicial role, and I think that's

        15       something to be applauded by this house.

        16                      To his credit, Governor Cuomo has

        17       brought great respect and pride to the state of

        18       New York with the nomination of Judge Judith

        19       Kaye, and it's an honor for me to join in urging

        20       her confirmation.

        21                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Onorato.

        22                      SENATOR ONORATO:  Mr. President,

        23       I rise to join my colleagues, and I heartily











                                                             
1176

         1       concur with everything that was said today about

         2       her.  I'm just going to recite a quote my father

         3       told me when I was getting into politics, not

         4       being an attorney:  Learn to say a little bit

         5       that means a whole lot.

         6                      So I'm going to quote from an

         7       unknown source I heard this morning at a

         8       confirmation hearing, that I am thrilled from

         9       the top of my head to the tip of my toes that

        10       you have been nominated, and I second the

        11       nomination to your position.

        12                      Good luck and good health.

        13                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator

        14       Hoffmann.

        15                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you, Mr.

        16       President.

        17                      I rise with great pride to second

        18       the nomination and join my colleagues in con

        19       gratulating Judith Kaye on this memorable

        20       occasion.  Like everybody in this chamber, I am

        21       thrilled to be here for this historic moment not

        22       only because Judith Kaye is the first woman to

        23       assume this august position but also because she











                                                             
1177

         1       is the most qualified individual under

         2       consideration for the position, and I have a

         3       rather secret fondness here that in speculation,

         4       Judith Kaye may have actually had the

         5       opportunity to take a federal appointment but

         6       she decided that she would prefer to wait things

         7       out and hope for this appointment instead.

         8                      Regardless of what the history

         9       was in the national limelight and what the

        10       history was in this arena, it is most certainly

        11       our gain and the nation's loss that she's in New

        12       York State, but we should be enormously proud to

        13       have this opportunity.

        14                      My only regret is that Judith

        15       Kaye was not able to be one of the justices

        16       sitting on the recent reapportionment hearing

        17       that we had.  I wonder if our outcome might have

        18       been a little bit different had she been one of

        19       the voting members in that decision, and I look

        20       forward to outstanding decisions in the years to

        21       come.

        22                      Congratulations, Judy!

        23                      THE PRESIDENT:  Unless there is











                                                             
1178

         1       any other Senator that wishes to speak, the

         2       question occurs on the confirmation of the

         3       nominee.  All those in favor, say aye.

         4                      (Response of "Aye.")

         5                      Opposed nay.

         6                      (There was no response. )

         7                      The ayes have it.  The nominee is

         8       confirmed.  Congratulations.

         9                      (Standing applause.)

        10                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Daly.

        11                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President, I

        12       rise on behalf of a resolution that was

        13       presented at the desk and, if I could have it

        14       presented to the house.

        15                      THE PRESIDENT:  The Secretary

        16       will read the title.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Legislative

        18       Resolution Number 709, by Senator Daly and

        19       others, honoring St. Patrick and all persons of

        20       Irish heritage upon the occasion of the 1993

        21       celebration of St. Patrick's Day.

        22                      THE PRESIDENT:  Senator Daly is

        23       recognized, and there will be order in the











                                                             
1179

         1       chamber.

         2                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President,

         3       this is the second year in a row I've been

         4       privileged to carry this resolution, and I still

         5       do it with enthusiasm, high spirit, but with

         6       sadness, because when I look at this resolution

         7       realize I'm carrying before the house, I can not

         8       help but think back to a dear departed colleague

         9       who carried this resolution for so many years

        10       and, of course, I'm talking about our dear

        11       friend, Senator Jim Donovan.

        12                      I feel very proud that I'm able

        13       to succeed Senator Donovan in carrying this

        14       resolution, and instead of having it read in its

        15       entirety, because you've heard it before, I

        16       thought I'd just look upon the idea and concept

        17       of St. Patrick's Day, where it came from and why

        18       we have it and what it means and really, when

        19       you think about St. Patrick's Day and the fees,

        20       the celebration, not the fees, but the

        21       celebration of St. Patrick's Day, if you look

        22       back at its beginning, you realize that truly it

        23       started as an attempt of immigrants, by











                                                             
1180

         1       immigrants I should say, from a small and

         2       persecuted island to try to demonstrate publicly

         3       their presence in this great country and their

         4       deserving of the same rights and privileges of

         5       every other American, and sometimes we forget

         6       that at that time there was a sign prevalent

         7       through the this country, "Irish need not

         8       apply," and it's to the credit of this nation

         9       and this people that they have grown and pros

        10       pered in this great nation of ours, and my

        11       mother, God rest her soul, who came from Ireland

        12       I always remember when I would sit down, Mr.

        13       President, and complain about the food and my

        14       mother would look and say to me, "Shut up and

        15       thank God your father took the boat."

        16                      And I do thank God my father took

        17       the boat because it gave me the opportunity to

        18       live in a nation that knows no second in the

        19       history of mankind, namely, our great country of

        20       America.

        21                      But what started out really as an

        22       attempt by the Irish to say we're here and we

        23       deserve has gone beyond that, and you know,











                                                             
1181

         1       really, the St. Patrick's Day that we celebrate

         2       today, it doesn't know any racial, doesn't know

         3       any religious or national bounds.

         4                      St. Patrick's Day literally has

         5       become a spirit and look at the celebration that

         6       we have here in Albany. We have the Ohrensteins,

         7       and we have the Cuomos, and we have the Marinos

         8       and we have the Markowitzes, and we have the

         9       Galibers who, by the way, I might announce Mr.

        10       Chairman, has accepted, Mr. President, the

        11       honorary chairmanship of the Irish party that

        12       begins on the fourth floor next Monday, to which

        13       all are invited.

        14                      And so really, it's a spirit.

        15       It's a spirit which we all can relax, enjoy and

        16       say isn't it great to be alive?  Isn't it great

        17       to have companionship?  Isn't the human spirit

        18       lifted by the fact that it can enjoy a cele

        19       bration of life, glory in life, glory in living,

        20       knowing that we can share that, we can share

        21       that with each other, as I said, regardless of

        22       our race, our religion, our color, whatever.

        23                      And so, truly, St. Patrick's day











                                                             
1182

         1       has evolved, Mr. President, and now it's

         2       something I would hope that everyone can enjoy,

         3       regardless of where their parents came from or

         4       when they got here, but truly we can all enjoy

         5       because we can enjoy each other and we can spend

         6       a day enjoying each other and having fun, so to

         7       speak, and I do believe, Mr. President, that

         8       this one day which we enjoy with each other

         9       means much more because truly it does -- it does

        10       create a feeling of brotherhood, a feeling of

        11       love for each other.

        12                      And so we ask you all to join us

        13       next Monday -- of course, today is St. Patrick's

        14       but next Monday is the day we will celebrate

        15       here in Albany -- we ask you all to enjoy, to

        16       join us so that we can enjoy you, you can enjoy

        17       us, and we can all enjoy life and, as the Irish

        18       say, God bless.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        20       Mendez, do you wish to speak to this resolution?

        21                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Mr. President, I

        22       support wholeheartedly this resolution.  I think

        23       my colleague, John Daly, definitely defines the











                                                             
1183

         1       spirit of the parade in terms of sheer enjoyment

         2       and sharing of culture and everybody is invited.

         3                      But, Mr. President, you mentioned

         4       the Ohrensteins; Senator Daly, you mentioned the

         5       Galibers.  You mention everybody and you didn't

         6       mention the Mendezes.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

         8       Daly, I know why you rise.

         9                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Mr. President, I

        10       just want to say in the spirit of the festivity

        11       of St. Patrick's -- St. Patrick, I just want to

        12       say, Erin go Bragh!

        13                      SENATOR DALY:  I can't add to

        14       that.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Thank

        16       you, Senator O'Mendez.

        17                      All in favor of the resolution,

        18       say aye loudly.

        19                      (Response of "Aye.")

        20                      The resolution is unanimously

        21       adopted.

        22                      Senator Holland.

        23                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  Mr. President,











                                                             
1184

         1       I'd like to offer up the following privileged

         2       resolution, ask that the title be read and that

         3       it be adopted.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:

         5       Secretary will read the title.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Legislative

         7       Resolution, by Senator Holland and others,

         8       urging President William Jefferson Clinton to

         9       implement the five recommendations on Irish

        10       issues which would set in motion a constructive

        11       United States policy in regard to the north of

        12       Ireland.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  All in

        14       favor of the resolution, say aye.

        15                      (Response of "Aye.")

        16                      Those opposed, nay.

        17                      (There was no response. )

        18                      The resolution is adopted.

        19                      Do we have any other resolutions

        20       on the floor? We have some motions.  Senator?

        21                      SENATOR SEWARD:  Yes, Mr.

        22       President, on behalf of Senator Volker, on page

        23       7, I offer the following amendments to Calendar











                                                             
1185

         1       55, Senate Print Number 1141, and ask that the

         2       bill retain its place on the Third Reading

         3       Calendar.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Without

         5       objection.

         6                      SENATOR SEWARD:  On behalf of

         7       Senator Saland, on page 8, I offer the following

         8       amendments to Calendar Number 138, Senate Print

         9       Number 2363, and ask that the said bill retain

        10       its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Without

        12       objection.

        13                      SENATOR SEWARD:  Thank you.

        14                      SENATOR MEGA:  Mr. President.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        16       Mega.

        17                      SENATOR MEGA: On page 12, on my

        18       bill, I offer the following amendments to

        19       Calendar Number 208, Print Number 2784, and ask

        20       that said bill retain its place on Third Reading

        21       Calendar.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Without

        23       objection, the amendments are received.











                                                             
1186

         1                      SENATOR MEGA:  Mr. President, I

         2       now move to discharge the Committee on Finance

         3       from Assembly Print Number 5959-A and substitute

         4       it for the identical bill.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:

         6       Substitution is ordered.

         7                      Senator Kuhl.

         8                      SENATOR KUHL:  Yes, Mr.

         9       President.  On behalf of Senator Levy, could you

        10       place a sponsor's star on Calendar Number 186,

        11       Senate Print Number 2,000.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  186 is

        13       starred at the request of the sponsor.

        14                      SENATOR KUHL:  Thank you.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        16       Present.

        17                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Could we go to

        18       the non-controversial calendar.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  We have

        20       a couple substitutions.  Could we do those

        21       first?

        22                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Yes, and then

        23       non-controversial.











                                                             
1187

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:

         2       Secretary will read the substitutions.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 12 of

         4       today's calendar, Senator Padavan moves to

         5       discharge the Committee on Transportation from

         6       Assembly Bill Number 3836 and substitute it for

         7       the identical Third Reading 191.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:

         9       Substitution is ordered.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Also on page 12,

        11       Senator Present moves to discharge the Committee

        12       on Education from Assembly Bill Number 2868 and

        13       substitute it for the identical Third Reading

        14       194.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:

        16       Substitution is ordered.

        17                      Secretary will do

        18       non-controversial.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 11,

        20       Calendar Number 183, by Senator Marino, Senate

        21       Bill Number 1776, authorize the city of Glen

        22       Cove to sell and convey certain parcels of real

        23       property.











                                                             
1188

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

         2       Galiber.

         3                      SENATOR GALIBER:  One day on

         4       that, please?

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  I

         6       didn't hear.

         7                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Lay it aside.

         8                      SENATOR PRESENT:  For the day.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        10       185, by Senator Bruno, Senate Bill Number 2186,

        11       an act to amend the Real Property Tax Law, in

        12       relation to residential improvement exemption in

        13       certain cities.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Read

        15       the last section.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        17       act shall take effect immediately.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

        19       the roll.

        20                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 56.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The

        23       bill is passed.











                                                             
1189

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         2       188, by Senator Johnson, Senate Bill Number

         3       1284, an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic

         4       Law.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Read

         6       the last section.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         8       act shall take effect immediately.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

        10       the roll.

        11                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 56.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The

        14       bill is passed.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       189, by Senator Lack.

        17                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        18       for the day.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Laid

        20       aside for the day.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       190, by Senator Marchi, Senate Bill Number 2531,

        23       an act to amend the Public Authorities Law, in











                                                             
1190

         1       relation to permitting certain vehicles of the

         2       United States armed forces.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Read

         4       the last section.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         6       act shall take effect immediately.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

         8       the roll.

         9                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55, nays

        11       one, Senator Leichter recorded in the negative.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  That

        13       bill is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       191, substituted earlier today, by member of the

        16       Assembly Silver, Assembly Bill Number 3836, an

        17       act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

        18       relation to additional penalties for parking

        19       violations.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Read

        21       the last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        23       act shall take effect immediately.











                                                             
1191

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

         2       the roll.

         3                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 54, nays

         5       two, Senators Galiber and Waldon recorded in the

         6       negative.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The

         8       bill is passed.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        10       193, by Senator Farley, Senate Bill Number 716,

        11       authorize payment of transportation aid to the

        12       Schalmont Central School District.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Is

        14       there a local fiscal impact note? There is a

        15       local fiscal impact note here at the desk.  You

        16       can read the last section.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        18       act shall take effect immediately.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

        20       the roll.

        21                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 56.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The











                                                             
1192

         1       bill is passed.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         3       194, substituted earlier today, by member of the

         4       Assembly McGee, Assembly Bill Number 2868,

         5       authorize the change of name of the Randolph

         6       Children's Home Union Free School District.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Read

         8       the last section.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        10       act shall take effect immediately.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

        12       the roll.

        13                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 56.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The

        16       bill is passed.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       208, substituted earlier today, by member of the

        19       Assembly Koppell, Assembly Bill Number 5959-A,

        20       an act to amend Chapter 502 of the Laws of 1992,

        21       relating to certain non-judicial officers and

        22       employees.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator











                                                             
1193

         1       Present.

         2                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

         3       is there a message of necessity at the desk?

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  There

         5       is a message, Senator.

         6                      SENATOR PRESENT:  I move we

         7       accept the message.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  All in

         9       favor of accepting the message, say aye.

        10                      (Response of "Aye.")

        11                      Those opposed nay.

        12                      (There was no response.)

        13                      The message is accepted.

        14                      You can read the last section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        16       act shall take effect immediately.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Call

        18       the roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 56.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  That

        22       bill is passed.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:











                                                             
1194

         1       Calendar Number 210, the bill is high.  We'll

         2       lay it aside.

         3                      Does that conclude it? Nothing

         4       left over, Senator Present.

         5                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

         6       in behalf of Senator Levy, I'd like to announce

         7       an immediate meeting of the Majority in Room

         8       332.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  There

        10       will be an immediate conference of the Majority

        11       in Room 332.

        12                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        13       there being no further business, I move that we

        14       adjourn until Monday, March 22nd at 2:30 p.m.,

        15       intervening days to be legislative days.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  The

        17       Senate will stand adjourned until Monday,

        18       regular hour.

        19                      (Whereupon, at 4:31 p.m., the

        20       Senate adjourned.)

        21

        22

        23