Regular Session - April 27, 1993

                                                                 
2709

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         8                       ALBANY, NEW YORK

         9                         April 27, 1993

        10                           3:35 p.m.

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        13                       REGULAR SESSION

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        15

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        17       SENATOR CHRISTOPHER J. MEGA, Acting President

        18       STEPHEN F. SLOAN, Secretary

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        23











                                                             
2710

         1                      P R O C E E D I N G S

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senate

         3       will come to order.  Please stand for the Pledge

         4       of Allegiance.

         5                      (Whereupon, the Senate joined in

         6       the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag. )

         7                      In the absence of clergy, may we

         8       bow our heads for a moment of prayer.

         9                      (Whereupon, there was a moment of

        10       silence. )

        11                      Reading of the Journal.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  In Senate,

        13       Monday, April 26.  The Senate met pursuant to

        14       adjournment.  Senator Kuhl in the Chair upon

        15       designation of the Temporary President.  The

        16       Journal of Sunday, April 25, was read and

        17       approved.  On motion, Senate adjourned.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Hearing

        19       no objection, the Journal stands approved as

        20       read.

        21                      Presentation of petitions.

        22                      Messages from the Assembly.

        23                      Messages from the Governor.











                                                             
2711

         1                      Reports of standing committees.

         2                      Secretary will read.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Stafford,

         4       from the Committee on Finance, reports the

         5       following nominations:

         6                      Member of the State Medical

         7       Advisory Committee to the Department of Social

         8       Services, Randall D. Bloomfield, M.D., of

         9       Brooklyn.

        10                      Member of the State Camp Safety

        11       Advisory Council, Meir Frischman, of Brooklyn.

        12                      Member of the Small Business

        13       Advisory Board, Paul Kessler of Island Park.

        14                      Member of the Central New York

        15       Regional Transportation Authority, Robert C.

        16       Sprague of Syracuse.

        17                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        18       of the New York State Home for Veterans and

        19       Their Dependents at Oxford, Lily Bishop, of

        20       Brooktondale and Mary Smack of Binghamton.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  On the

        22       nominations.  All those in favor, aye.

        23                      (Response of "Aye.")











                                                             
2712

         1                      Those opposed, nay.

         2                      (There was no response. )

         3                      The nominations are carried.

         4                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         6       Daly.

         7                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President.  On

         8       page 16, I offer the following amendments to

         9       Calendar Number 346, Senate 3860, and ask that

        10       said bill retain its place on the Third Reading

        11       Calendar.  I do that for Senator Skelos.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        13       objection.

        14                      SENATOR DALY:  On behalf of

        15       Senator Levy, on page 25, I offer the following

        16       amendments to Calendar Number 186, Senate Print

        17       Number 2000, and ask that said bill retain its

        18       place on the Third Reading Calendar.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        20       objection.

        21                      Senator Saland.

        22                      SENATOR SALAND:  Mr. President.

        23       On page 22, Calendar Number 456, Senate 3286, I











                                                             
2713

         1       would like to place a sponsor star on that bill.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         3       is starred.

         4                      Senator Present.

         5                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

         6       I move that we adopt the Resolution Calendar

         7       with the exception of Resolution 1135.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  All those

         9       in favor, aye.

        10                      (Response of "Aye.")

        11                      Those opposed, nay.

        12                      (There was no response. )

        13                      The Resolution Calendar is

        14       adopted.

        15                      Senator Tully.

        16                      SENATOR TULLY:  Mr. President.  I

        17       believe I have a resolution at the desk, 1135.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Secretary

        19       will read.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Legislative

        21       Resolution 1135, by Senator Tully, recognizing

        22       the week of May 6th through the 12th as Nurses

        23       Weak in New York State and honoring the eight











                                                             
2714

         1       individuals selected as Regional Nurses of

         2       Distinction.

         3                      SENATOR TULLY:  Mr. President.

         4       May I have the resolution read in its entirety.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

         6       objection.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Whereas, the week

         8       of May 6th to May 12th, 1993 is Nurses Week in

         9       New York State.

        10                      The nurses of New York have, by

        11       dedicating their lives to the health and dignity

        12       of their fellow New Yorkers, contributed

        13       significantly to the well-being of the citizens

        14       of our state.

        15                      The New York State Legislature

        16       developed the Nurse of Distinction Award Program

        17       to pay tribute to New York State's registered

        18       professional nurses for their steadfast

        19       commitment in the support of the health and

        20       betterment of fellow New Yorkers.

        21                      The outstanding achievements of

        22       thousands of our state's registered professional

        23       nurses have been acknowledged through the 1993











                                                             
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         1       Nurse of Distinction Award Program, and 319

         2       distinctive nurses were nominated for the

         3       award.

         4                      Eight Regional Nurses of

         5       Distinction were selected by nursing peers from

         6       throughout the state for their professional

         7       excellence and unequivocal dedication in support

         8       of the health and betterment of their fellow New

         9       Yorkers.

        10                      Now, therefore be it resolved,

        11       that this legislative body pause in its

        12       deliberations to express its deep respect and

        13       appreciation to all New York State's

        14       distinguished nurses and to recognize the unique

        15       contributions made by the eight Regional Nurses

        16       of Distinction:

        17                      Dorothy A. Pezzoli, Department of

        18       Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport;

        19                      Leah Epstein Harrison, Montefiore

        20       Medical Center, Bronx;

        21                      Sharon Paul, Brooklyn Hospital

        22       Center, Brooklyn;

        23                      Johanna Lee, Nyack Hospital











                                                             
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         1       Certified Home Health Agency, Valley Cottage;

         2                      Laurie J. Murphy, Ellis Hospital,

         3       Schenectady;

         4                      Sondra O. Pruden, Broome County

         5       Health Department, Binghamton;

         6                      Karen Hibbard, Highland Hospital,

         7       Rochester; and

         8                      Marilyn R. Englert, Department of

         9       Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Buffalo.

        10                      And, be it further resolved, that

        11       this legislative body seek to encourage

        12       statewide recognition of those valued nursing

        13       professionals serving our communities in both

        14       institutional and noninstitutional settings; and

        15                      Be it further resolved that this

        16       legislative body pause in its deliberations to

        17       acknowledge the week of May 6 through May 12,

        18       1993 as Nurses Week in New York State; and

        19                      Be it further resolved, that

        20       copies of this resolution, suitably embossed, be

        21       transmitted to the eight 1993 New York State

        22       Legislature Regional Nurses of Distinction with

        23       our pride and gratitude.











                                                             
2717

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         2       Tully.

         3                      SENATOR TULLY:  Yes, Mr.

         4       President.  A group of more than 400 very

         5       special New Yorkers is with us here in Albany

         6       today and tomorrow for the fifth New York State

         7       Legislators Nurse of Distinction Conference.

         8                      The conference culminates the

         9       Nurse of Distinction Award Program year.  I have

        10       been honored to be one of the legislative

        11       sponsors for the program since its inception in

        12       1989, and am very pleased to have been named by

        13       Senate Majority Leader Marino earlier this year

        14       to become the legislative coordinator.

        15                      Over the course of the five years

        16       of the program, more than 2,000 of our state's

        17       professional nurses have been recognized for the

        18       important contributions they have made in

        19       establishing the excellent standards of medical

        20       care we share in New York State.

        21                      On the Senate calendar today is

        22       the resolution previously read acknowledging the

        23       up coming Nurses Week in New York State and all











                                                             
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         1       of the 319 nurses from throughout our state be

         2       ing honored at the Nurse of Distinction

         3       Conference.

         4                      Eight of the 319 nurses nominated

         5       by their facilities for this recognition have

         6       been chosen as Regional Nurses of Distinction.

         7       They represent eight geographic areas of our

         8       state, and I would like to introduce them to you

         9       at this time.

        10                      From Long Island, Dorothy Pez

        11       zoli, from the Northport V.A. Medical Center.

        12                      From Greater New York Region 1,

        13       which includes Richmond, New York and Bronx

        14       Counties, Leah Epstein Harrison, from Montefiore

        15       Medical Center in the Bronx.

        16                      From Greater New York Region 2,

        17       which includes Kings and Queens counties, Sharon

        18       Paul, from the Brooklyn Hospital Center.

        19                      From the Northern Metropolitan

        20       Region, Johanna Lee, from the Nyack Hospital

        21       Certified Home Health Agency.

        22                      From the Northeastern Region,

        23       Laurie Murphy, from Ellis Hospital in











                                                             
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         1       Schenectady.

         2                      From the Central New York Region,

         3       Sondra Pruden from the Broome County Department

         4       of Health in Binghamton.

         5                      From the Finger Lakes Region,

         6       Karen Hibbard, from the Highland Hospital in

         7       Rochester.

         8                      And from the Western New York

         9       Region, Marilyn Englert from the Buffalo V.A.

        10       Medical Center.

        11                      Congratulations to each of you

        12       and our deepest thanks for the excellent work

        13       you are doing to enhance the quality of life for

        14       our state's residents.

        15                      Mr. President.  At this time, I

        16       would like to offer to any and all of my

        17       colleagues the opportunity to join me in

        18       sponsoring this resolution, and I would hope you

        19       would extend the full greetings of the house to

        20       our wonderful Nurses of Distinction.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Thank

        22       you, Senator Tully.

        23                      Senator Stachowski.











                                                             
2720

         1                      SENATOR STACHOWSKI:  I rise

         2       joining with Senator Tully in wishing all of the

         3       Nurse of Distinction winners our

         4       congratulations.

         5                      And I would like to make one

         6       comment to them that I made to them out in the

         7       hallway.  I have always felt that nurses are

         8       underpaid and in some cases underappreciated.

         9       And I only hope some day the rest of us will all

        10       appreciate that and we'll be able to get them

        11       more money.

        12                      Thank you.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Thank

        14       you, Senator Stachowski.

        15                      Any other Senator who would wish

        16       to speak on the resolution?

        17                      The resolution is open at the

        18       desk.  All Senators who wish to be on the

        19       resolution will indicate to the Secretary that

        20       they wish to be on the resolution.

        21                      Senator Tully, thank you for the

        22       resolution and thank you for presenting the

        23       Distinguished Nurses to this body.











                                                             
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         1                      And on behalf of the entire body

         2       and on behalf of the Majority Leader, Senator

         3       Marino, we welcome you.  We congratulate you for

         4       what you do.  You are on the front lines of

         5       health care in a service that is needed and

         6       given to our constituents.  So we welcome you

         7       and wish that you continue to be in this

         8       profession as long as you desire, and we give

         9       our best wishes not only to you but to all the

        10       nurses of the state that you represent, and

        11       congratulations.

        12                      (Applause)

        13                      All those in favor of the

        14       resolution, signify by saying aye.

        15                      (Response of "Aye.")

        16                      All those opposed, nay.

        17                      (There was no response. )

        18                      The resolution is unanimously

        19       adopted.

        20                      Senator Present.

        21                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

        22       I believe there are some reports from standing

        23       committees at the desk.  May we have those read,











                                                             
2722

         1       please.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Yes.

         3       Secretary will road.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Mega from

         5       the Committee on Judiciary reports the following

         6       bill directly for third reading:

         7                      Senate Bill Number 4595, by

         8       Senator Marino and others, proposing an

         9       amendment to the constitution in relation to

        10       filling a vacancy in the office of the

        11       Comptroller and Attorney General.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        13       objection, the bill is reported to Third Reading

        14       Calendar.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Goodman

        16       from the Committee on Investigations, Taxation,

        17       and Government Operations reports the following

        18       bill directly for third reading:

        19                      Senate Bill Number 4596, by

        20       Senator Marino and others, an act to amend the

        21       Public Officers Law and the Election Law, in

        22       relation to providing for a referendum of

        23       preference by electors for candidates to fill











                                                             
2723

         1       vacancies.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

         3       objection, the bill is reported to Third Reading

         4       Calendar.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Larkin

         6       from the Committee on Local Government reports

         7       the following bill directly for third reading:

         8                      Senate Bill Number 4541, by

         9       Senator Spano, an act to authorize the village

        10       of Tuckahoe, Westchester County, to finance a

        11       deficit, its general fund, by the issuance of

        12       serial bonds.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        14       objection, the bill is reported to the Third

        15       Reading Calendar.

        16                      Motions and resolutions.

        17                      Secretary will read.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 6 of

        19       today's calendar, Senator Velella moves to

        20       discharge the Committee on Insurance from

        21       Assembly Bill Number 6187 and substitute it for

        22       the identical Calendar Number 493.

        23                      On page 7, Senator Hannon moves











                                                             
2724

         1       to discharge the Committee on Insurance from

         2       Assembly Bill Number 6927 and substitute it for

         3       the identical Calendar Number 497.

         4                      On page 22, Senator Volker moves

         5       to discharge the Committee on Codes from

         6       Assembly Bill Number 6457 and substitute it for

         7       the identical Third Reading 458.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

         9       Substitutions ordered.

        10                      Senator Present, that concludes

        11       the house cleaning business.  We are now ready

        12       for the calendar.

        13                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

        14       Let's take up the non-controversial calendar,

        15       please.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

        17       Non-controversial calendar.  The Secretary will

        18       read.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 10,

        20       Calendar Number 52, by Senator Maltese, Senate

        21       Bill Number 92, an act to amend the Public

        22       Authorities Law, in relation to the appointment

        23       of members of the New York City Water Board.











                                                             
2725

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay it

         3       aside.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         5       53, by Senator Padavan, Senate Bill Number 134,

         6       Public Authorities Law and the State Finance

         7       Law, in relation to revenues.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay it

        10       aside.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       421, by Senator Saland, Senate Bill Number 3197,

        13       an act to amend the Family Court Act.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        15       last section.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        17       act shall take effect immediately.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        19       roll.

        20                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        23       is passed.











                                                             
2726

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         2       422, by Senator Saland, Senate Bill Number 3759,

         3       Domestic Relations Law, in relation to orders

         4       for child custody and support.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         6       last section.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         8       act shall take effect immediately.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        10       roll.

        11                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        14       is passed.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       423, by Senator Saland, Senate Bill Number 4331,

        17       Family Court Act, in relation to authorizing

        18       fees for probation services in Family Court.

        19                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Lay it aside.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        21       bill aside.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       425, by Senator Babbush, Senate Bill Number 904,











                                                             
2727

         1       authorizing the city of New York to reconvey its

         2       interest in certain real property.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  There is

         4       a home rule message at the desk.

         5                      Read the last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 54.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       426, by Senator Velella, Senate Bill Number

        16       1280, authorizing the city of New York to

        17       reconvey its interest in certain real property.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  There is

        19       a home rule message at the desk.

        20                      Read the last section.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        22       act shall take effect immediately.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the











                                                             
2728

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 54.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       427, by Senator Nolan, Senate Bill Number 3438,

         8       an act to amend the city charter of the city of

         9       Cohoes.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        11       last section.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        13       act shall take effect immediately.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        15       roll.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        19       is passed.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       428, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number 3727,

        22       General Municipal Law.

        23                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Lay it aside.











                                                             
2729

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

         2       bill aside.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       429, by Senator Padavan, Senate Bill Number 116,

         5       Education Law, in relation to authorizing

         6       instruction regarding child development.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         8       last section.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        10       act shall take effect immediately.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        12       roll.

        13                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        15       Jones to explain her vote.

        16                      SENATOR JONES:  No, Mr.

        17       President.  I would like to ask a question.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        19       bill aside.  Withdraw the roll call and lay the

        20       bill aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar number

        22       430, by Senator Saland, Senate Bill Number

        23       2243A, Education Law, in relation to use of











                                                             
2730

         1       school buildings for child care services.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         3       last section.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         5       act shall take effect immediately.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         7       roll.

         8                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        11       is passed.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       433, by Senator Holland, Senate Bill Number

        14       3451, Education Law, in relation to

        15       reorganization incentive building aid.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        17       last section.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        19       act shall take effect immediately.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        21       roll.

        22                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.











                                                             
2731

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         2       is passed.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       435, by Senator Daly, Senate Bill Number 1098,

         5       Environmental Conservation Law, in relation to

         6       the definition of an inactive hazardous waste

         7       disposal site.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         9       last section.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        11       act shall take effect immediately.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        13       roll.

        14                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        17       is passed.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        19       437.

        20                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        22       bill aside.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number











                                                             
2732

         1       438, by member of the Assembly Brodsky, Assembly

         2       Bill Number 4009, Environmental Conservation

         3       Law.

         4                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Lay it aside

         5       for amendment, please.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

         7       bill aside for amendments.

         8                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Don't take it

         9       up any more today.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        11       bill aside for the day.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       439, by Senator Johnson, Senate Bill Number

        14       4307, Environmental Conservation Law, in

        15       relation to wild life management.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        17       last section.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        19       act shall take effect immediately.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        21       roll.

        22                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.











                                                             
2733

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         2       is passed.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       440, by Senator Johnson, Senate Bill Number

         5       4376, Environmental Conservation Law, in

         6       relation to authorizing the Department of

         7       Environmental Conservation to dispose of surplus

         8       products.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        10       last section.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        12       act shall take effect immediately.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        14       roll.

        15                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        18       is passed.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        20       441, by Senator Holland, Senate Bill Number 464,

        21       Social Services Law and the Tax Law, in relation

        22       to evaluating employment and training programs.

        23                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.











                                                             
2734

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         2       Gold.

         3                      SENATOR GOLD:  Will the sponsor

         4       be kind enough to let us have a day on this,

         5       please?

         6                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  Yes.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you.  Lay it

         8       aside for the day.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        10       bill aside for the day.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       444, by Senator Seward, Senate Bill Number 3372,

        13       an act to amend the Energy Law, the

        14       Environmental Conservation Law, and the

        15       Transportation Law.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        17       last section.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        19       act shall take effect immediately.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        21       roll.

        22                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.











                                                             
2735

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         2       is passed.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       448, by Senator Johnson, Senate Bill Number

         5       2372.

         6                      SENATOR HALPERIN:  Lay it aside.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

         9       bill aside.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        11       449, by Senator Sears, Senate Bill Number 2459,

        12       an act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

        13       unauthorized use of an emergency vehicle.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        15       last section.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        17       act shall take effect immediately.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        19       roll.

        20                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        23       is passed.











                                                             
2736

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         2       450, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number

         3       2732A, Civil Practice Law and Rules, in relation

         4       to the elimination of fees in connection with

         5       service of information subpoenas.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        11       roll.

        12                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        15       is passed.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       451, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 2990.

        18                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        20       bill aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       452.

        23                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.











                                                             
2737

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay that

         2       bill aside.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       453, by Senator Sears, Senate Bill Number 3106,

         5       an act to amend the Penal Law.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        11       roll.

        12                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        15       is passed.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       454, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number 3165,

        18       an act to amend the Penal Law.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        20       last section.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        22       act shall take effect immediately.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the











                                                             
2738

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       455, by Senator Marino, Senate Bill Number 3237.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        10       bill aside.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       457, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number 3323,

        13       an act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

        14       including criminal sale of a controlled

        15       substance.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  We're on

        17       Calendar 457.

        18                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Lay it aside.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay it

        20       aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       459, by Senator Holland, Senate Bill Number

        23       3371, Criminal Procedure Law, in relation to











                                                             
2739

         1       including day constables of the village of South

         2       Nyack.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         4       last section.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         6       act shall take effect immediately.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         8       roll.

         9                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 54, nays 2.

        11       Senators Gold and Leichter recorded in the

        12       negative.  Also Senator Galiber recorded in the

        13       negative.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        15       is passed.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       460, by Senator Volker.

        18                      SENATOR ONORATO:  Lay it aside.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay it

        20       aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       461, by Senator Maltese, Senate Bill Number

        23       3793, Civil Rights Law.











                                                             
2740

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         2       last section.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         4       act shall take effect immediately.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         6       roll.

         7                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 58.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        10       is passed.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       485, by Senator Larkin.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        15       bill aside.

        16                      Senator Present, that concludes

        17       the non-controversial calendar.

        18                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        19       let's take up the controversial calendar,

        20       please.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

        22       Controversial calendar.  Secretary will read.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 10,











                                                             
2741

         1       Calendar Number 52, by Senator Maltese, Senate

         2       Bill Number 92, Public Authorities Law, in

         3       relation to the appointment of members of the

         4       New York City Water Board.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Explanation.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         7       Maltese, explanation requested.

         8                      SENATOR MALTESE:  Mr. President,

         9       the purpose of this legislation is to change the

        10       manner in which members of the New York City

        11       Water Board are appointed.

        12                      The summary of the provisions:

        13       The Public Authorities Law would be amended by

        14       allowing five members of the Water Board to be

        15       appointed by the City Council, one member to be

        16       appointed by the Mayor, and one member to be

        17       appointed by the president of the City Council.

        18                      Mr. President, the main purpose

        19       of the bill would be to expand the authority of

        20       the board from simply being appointees of the

        21       Mayor to being appointees of the City Council,

        22       and to have the Water Board as a more responsive

        23       agency to the people and to remove it somewhat











                                                             
2742

         1       from the control of the Mayor.  The Mayor would

         2       still have one appointee on the Water Board.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         4       Gold.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes.  Will Senator

         6       yield to a question?

         7                      SENATOR MALTESE:  Yes.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator,

         9       do you yield? Senator yields.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  Senator, the bill

        11       is really pretty straightforward; but, as you

        12       know, there is obviously a memo in opposition by

        13       the Mayor, and I'm sure the bill is supported

        14       roundly by the City Council, but in terms of

        15       governance in the City, Senator, I mean why? Why

        16       are we doing this?

        17                      The Mayor is certainly a

        18       representative of the people of the city of New

        19       York, and we talk about changing the board so

        20       that it reflects the will of the people.  I

        21       don't want to put words in your mouth.  Whatever

        22       you said, something like that I thought.  I mean

        23       right now, this is a function that's being











                                                             
2743

         1       carried out.  We have a Mayor in the City, and

         2       he appoints a board.

         3                      Is the board acting improperly?

         4       Has there been a problem?  Why are we doing this

         5       other than to sort of spread the wealth

         6       politically to give people appointments?

         7                      SENATOR MALTESE:  Mr. President,

         8       in response to Senator Gold's query, there have

         9       been many complaints of constituents in various

        10       parts of the city of New York with relation to

        11       water and sewer rates.

        12                      The theory behind the legislation

        13       is that by making the members of the City

        14       Council participate in the appointments of the

        15       board, it would give the people easier access to

        16       have their complaints handled.  I have myself as

        17       of other Senators representing constituents in

        18       the City spoken to the Mayor with reference to

        19       these complaints.  He has been responsive to

        20       some of the inquiries that I have made on behalf

        21       of the constituents.  At the same time I do feel

        22       that with the onerous responsibility of the

        23       entire city of New York to have to appeal











                                                             
2744

         1       directly to the Mayor on matters of this kind

         2       would be circuitous, and it would facilitate the

         3       decreasing of water and sewer rates in order to

         4       put the City Council in a position of

         5       responsibility as far as the appointment of the

         6       members.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         9       Gold.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President, I

        11       don't think this is the overwhelming issue of

        12       the year, but -- and certainly, I don't think

        13       that the president -- sorry, the Majority Leader

        14       of the City Council, the Speaker of the City

        15       Council has a greater fan in New York than me.

        16       I think he is terrific, and I think that Peter

        17       Vallone has taken the City Council through this

        18       metamorphosis of the new charter and made it a

        19       very, very viable body.  I don't think that's an

        20       issue at all.

        21                      I do think, however, that Senator

        22       Maltese's arguments really do stretch it a

        23       little bit.  I'm delighted that Senator Maltese











                                                             
2745

         1       in his usual frank way, said that when there was

         2       a problem and he contacted the Mayor, they were

         3       responsive.  But the board ought to be

         4       responsive whether it is appointed by the Mayor

         5       or whether they are recommendations from the

         6       City Council.

         7                      I would imagine that many of us

         8       should be embarrassed when we see over and over

         9       again articles written about, "It's not what you

        10       know; it's who you know," and whatever; and if

        11       there is something not right, it shouldn't be a

        12       question of always having to know somebody to

        13       get it taken care ever.

        14                      We are talking now about water/

        15       sewer rates.  One of the concerns that the Mayor

        16       raises in his memo is whether or not this is a

        17       flag to the bondholders in the investment

        18       community because you are dealing with issues of

        19       rating.

        20                      Senator Maltese, I would not stay

        21       awake at night if this bill passes.  I won't

        22       have sleepless nights one way or the other, but

        23       I do think that the City Council under the











                                                             
2746

         1       leadership of Speaker Vallone has done very

         2       important things for the City and is growing.  I

         3       just don't see the necessity of making this

         4       particular change.  I don't see where it helps

         5       the City, and I just want to point out to the

         6       members that there is in fact a memo in

         7       opposition from the Mayor's office.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         9       Padavan.

        10                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Mr. President,

        11       in regard to the bill before us.

        12                      If there is one single issue that

        13       I receive a great deal of constituent input on

        14       and complaints, it is relevant to the actions of

        15       the Water Board in the city of New York, with

        16       regard to their cavalier and almost arbitrary

        17       procedure in establishing rates, mistakes that

        18       are made ad nauseum.

        19                      Just two weeks ago, I received a

        20       visit from a constituent that had in her hand a

        21       bill from the Water Board for their one-family

        22       home in the amount of over $10,000.  It will

        23       take weeks if not months to straighten that mess











                                                             
2747

         1       out.

         2                      Now, when we tell people and we

         3       urge people to contact their City Council

         4       because it fundamentally is a City issue, the

         5       response we get back is, "The City Councilman

         6       says he can't do anything about it because these

         7       people are all appointed by the Mayor over which

         8       they have no control."

         9                      Now, I don't mean to imply that

        10       when we contact the Water Board they don't

        11       eventually respond and do their best, hopefully,

        12       not in every instance but in many instances to

        13       correct the problem.  But if the City Council

        14       under charter revision which we authorized and

        15       which the people sustained by referendum is to

        16       have the authority to deal with those City

        17       services, particularly with regards to fiscal

        18       matters -- indebtedness, as an example.  This

        19       authority floats an awful lot of bonds.  It's a

        20       quasi-governmental agency in the sense that it

        21       is an independent agency, with no control by the

        22       City Council and no input.

        23                      We did pass a bill yesterday in











                                                             
2748

         1       this chamber which will allow the City Council

         2       to have oversight over many of these independent

         3       agencies like OTB and the Water Board and so on,

         4       but that is yet to become law.  The fact

         5       remains, we feel the sponsors of this

         6       legislation and many representatives within city

         7       government, that if the makeup of this board is

         8       reflective to some degree of the wishes of the

         9       people in the various counties, boroughs, of the

        10       City by virtue of input from the City Council,

        11       then the degree of arrogance -- and on occasion

        12       it is just that -- that taxpayers, homeowners,

        13       business owners, feel with regard to the Water

        14       Board will be somewhat diminished.  Hopefully,

        15       substantially diminished.

        16                      We have an apartment house in the

        17       city of New York who are now getting water bills

        18       that are greater than their property tax bills.

        19       You have heard from some of them, those of you

        20       in the city of New York, and they are telling us

        21       they are going to have to abandon their

        22       property.  We say, "Well, go to the Water Board;

        23       something has got to be done about this."











                                                             
2749

         1                      "Well, we have and we get a

         2       blank stare, a blank wall, no response."

         3                      Now, I don't suggest to you that

         4       this bill alone in terms of an appointment

         5       process will be the solution to all those

         6       difficulties, ameliorate all those problems, but

         7       I certainly think it's a step in the right

         8       direction.

         9                      And the precedent is set.  There

        10       are many state boards and authorities where

        11       members are there either by recommendation or

        12       selection or nomination from the Legislature,

        13       this Legislature, and they are confirmed by the

        14       Senate.  So this is not an obtuse or unusual

        15       procedure or mechanism that we are suggesting

        16       should be in place.  There is more than enough

        17       precedent for it.

        18                      We are hopeful that if that board

        19       becomes more sympathetic, representative, and

        20       responsive to the people of the city of New York

        21       that that can be accomplished through this

        22       mechanism.  So I strongly support this bill and

        23       urge all of you, particularly those outside the











                                                             
2750

         1       city of New York who may not be aware of the

         2       kinds of problems we are experiencing to support

         3       it.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         5       last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        12       the negative on Calendar Number 52 are Senators

        13       Galiber, Gold, Stachowski, and Waldon.  Ayes 54,

        14       nays 4.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        16       is passed.

        17                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Mr. President.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        19       Padavan.

        20                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Mr. President.

        21       With regard -- on page 18, Calendar Number 429,

        22       may I have the vote by which that bill passed

        23       reconsidered, please.











                                                             
2751

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  429 was

         2       laid aside, Senator Padavan.

         3                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Thank you very

         4       much.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Secretary

         6       will continue the calendar.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         8       53, by Senator Padavan, Senate Bill Number 134,

         9       an act to amend the Public Authorities Law and

        10       the State Finance Law.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  There is

        12       a local fiscal impact statement at the desk.

        13                      Read the last section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect immediately.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 58.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        21       is passed.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       423, by Senator Saland, Senate Bill Number 4331,











                                                             
2752

         1       an act to amend the Family Court Act.

         2                      SENATOR SKELOS:  May I ask a

         3       question of the sponsor?

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         5       Saland, do you yield to Senator Skelos?

         6                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Senator Saland,

         7       it's my understanding that this bill would allow

         8       local probation departments to charge fees for

         9       the study in private placement adoption cases.

        10       Is that correct?

        11                      SENATOR SALAND:  Correct, on a

        12       scale of $50 to a maximum of $500 based upon the

        13       means of the petitioner.

        14                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Presently, can

        15       the probation department -- and I really don't

        16       know the answer to this -- charge fees in other

        17       types of investigative matters that they

        18       conduct?

        19                      SENATOR SALAND:  Not in all, but

        20       I do believe that they can in some.  But I could

        21       verify that for you if you'd like to put this

        22       over until the end of calendar, and I can tell

        23       you what those proceedings are.  I do believe











                                                             
2753

         1       they can in some.

         2                      SENATOR SKELOS:  That's up to

         3       you.  Do you want to lay it aside now?

         4                      SENATOR SALAND:  If that's your

         5       interest, I would certainly like to answer that

         6       for you unequivocally.

         7                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Okay. And just

         8       one other question.  Under this legislation, I

         9       understand that the money would go to the local

        10       probation district, and it would not affect

        11       their state aid in the future.

        12                      SENATOR SALAND:  Correct.

        13                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Would this money

        14       within the local probation department then have

        15       to be targeted towards whatever adoption type

        16       services and investigations they conduct or

        17       would it just go into their general fund?

        18                      SENATOR SALAND:  I believe as

        19       it's drafted, it goes into their general fund

        20       for their general use.

        21                      SENATOR SKELOS:  So we are going

        22       to now charge for their services in private

        23       placement adoptions.











                                                             
2754

         1                      SENATOR SALAND:  On a sliding

         2       scale, this would enable that to happen.  But

         3       let me lay this aside until the end of the

         4       calendar so I can answer your other question.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         6       is temporarily laid aside at the request of the

         7       sponsor.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       428, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number 3727.

        10                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Lay it aside.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Lay the

        12       bill aside.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        14       429, by Senator Padavan, Senate Bill Number 116.

        15                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Lay that aside,

        16       please.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        18       is laid aside at the request of the sponsor.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        20       437, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 2632,

        21       Environmental Conservation Law and the State

        22       Finance Law.

        23                      SENATOR GOLD:  Explanation.











                                                             
2755

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

         2       Explanation requested.

         3                      SENATOR COOK: Mr. President, can

         4       we come back to that?

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         6       is temporarily laid aside.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         8       448, by Senator Johnson, Senate Bill Number

         9       2372, an act to amend the Penal Law, in relation

        10       to possessing an obscene sexual performance by a

        11       child.

        12                      SENATOR GOLD:  Hold on one

        13       second.  448?

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  448,

        15       Senator Johnson's bill, page 21.

        16                      SENATOR HALPERIN:  Explanation.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

        18       Explanation requested.  Senator Johnson.

        19                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Mr. President.

        20       This bill makes it illegal to knowingly possess

        21       any material containing sexual performance of a

        22       child under 16 years of age.  Makes it a class E

        23       felony.











                                                             
2756

         1                      This bill has been with us before

         2       for several years.  It was passed each time.

         3       Perfectly legal and constitutional and should be

         4       adopted by this house.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         6       Halperin.

         7                      SENATOR HALPERIN:  Mr.

         8       President.  Yes, I believe there is an amendment

         9       at the desk.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Yes.

        11                      SENATOR HALPERIN:  I waive its

        12       reading, seek to explain it.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        14       Halperin to explain his amendment to Senator

        15       Johnson's bill.

        16                      SENATOR HALPERIN:  As Senator

        17       Johnson just indicated this legislation has been

        18       debated now for two or three years.  And when

        19       the issue was first raised, the point that I

        20       tried to make is that when an individual

        21       purchases a magazine, that individual may know

        22       that there are other individuals depicted in the

        23       nude in that magazine and that perhaps they are











                                                             
2757

         1       depicted in a pornographic manner, but in many

         2       cases, there is really no way to determine the

         3       age of the individuals who are being depicted.

         4       Now, clearly, if the individuals being depicted

         5       are of a very, very young age and are obviously

         6       undeveloped children, then a purchaser of a

         7       magazine would have every reason in the world to

         8       understand what it was that they are

         9       purchasing.  But there is a certain area, a

        10       certain age at which one does not know whether

        11       an individual is a child or an adult, and this

        12       bill is properly targeted at that age in the

        13       sense in an anyone under the age of 16 would

        14       serve as the basis for a conviction under this

        15       bill, but one does not always know from looking

        16       at at a photograph whether the individual being

        17       depicted is under the age of 16 or over the age

        18       of 16.

        19                      Now, we are not dealing here with

        20       pornographers.  We are not dealing here with

        21       people who are purveying sexual magazines.

        22       We're dealing with individuals who are

        23       purchasing a magazine in many cases solely for











                                                             
2758

         1       their own use.  And to end up throwing some of

         2       these people in prison because they happened to

         3       purchase a magazine that had someone under the

         4       age of 16 in it when they didn't even know that,

         5       to me, should not be the purpose of our criminal

         6       justice system.

         7                      The intent behind this bill, as

         8       explained in years gone by, is to discourage

         9       individuals from buying child pornography.  Now,

        10       how do we discourage somebody from doing

        11       something when they don't know what it is they

        12       are doing?

        13                      So my bill -- or my amendment,

        14       rather, which is in fact a bill but which I'm

        15       offering up as an amendment, states that it is

        16       up to the prosecution to prove as an element of

        17       the crime that the individual who purchased the

        18       magazine or whatever other material we're

        19       discussing knew or should have known that the

        20       individual depicted was under age.

        21                      The way the law is written now,

        22       these individuals who are purchasing a magazine

        23       have the burden thrown upon them to somehow











                                                             
2759

         1       prove that they did not know the age of the

         2       person.  Now, to subject otherwise honest

         3       people, law-abiding people, to arrest and

         4       indictment even if not eventual conviction is,

         5       to my mind, both an injustice and a waste of our

         6       criminal justice resources unless the stated

         7       purpose of the legislation as offered is being

         8       realized; and that is, to discourage people from

         9       doing something that they know they are doing.

        10                      So the first thing that my bill

        11       does is to make as an element of the crime the

        12       knowledge of the age of the individual.

        13                      The second thing the bill does is

        14       to create a situation where, under the first

        15       offense, there will be a penalty of an "A"

        16       misdemeanor, and should there be a second

        17       offense within five years, then the "E" felony

        18       would be applicable.  I think that that's more

        19       reasonable, once again, dealing with people who

        20       are not producing this material, because they

        21       are covered by another section of law which has

        22       even harsher penalties and properly so -- I

        23       voted for that bill when it came up -- or











                                                             
2760

         1       individuals who are selling it on an ongoing

         2       basis who are also then subject to another more

         3       harsh provision of law.

         4                      I agree that those harsh

         5       provisions of law should be imposed upon those

         6       who would seek to benefit from taking advantage

         7       of youngsters, but that is not necessarily what

         8       this bill is getting at.  The way that I am

         9       suggesting that the bill be amended would get at

        10       that, I think would make it more acceptable to

        11       the other house of this Legislature without

        12       which this could not become law and has not

        13       become law, and perhaps even an eventual

        14       signature by the Governor.

        15                      So I would urge everyone in this

        16       house to vote for the amendment, and I would

        17       hope that it would pass and that we can send the

        18       bill across to the Assembly that makes much more

        19       sense than the one that is being presented to

        20       us.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  On

        22       Senator Halperin's amendment.  All those in

        23       favor, signify by saying aye.











                                                             
2761

         1                      (Response of "Aye.")

         2                      All those opposed, nay.

         3                      (Response of nay. )

         4                      The nays have it.  The amendment

         5       is defeated.

         6                      On the main bill, read the last

         7       section.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        10       Gold.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  I don't really

        12       want to repeat the debate.  We had it last year

        13       and Senator Halperin offered his amendment last

        14       year, and Senator Connor and Galiber and myself,

        15       Halperin, and Leichter, Montgomery, Ohrenstein,

        16       Smith, Stavisky, and Waldon, understood the

        17       problems in the bill and voted in the negative.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        19       last section.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        21       act shall take effect on the first day of

        22       November next succeeding the date on which it

        23       shall have become law.











                                                             
2762

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         2       roll.

         3                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

         5       the negative on Calendar Number 448 are Senators

         6       Connor, Galiber, Gold, Halperin, Leichter,

         7       Montgomery, Ohrenstein, Paterson, Santiago,

         8       Smith, Stavisky, and Waldon.  Ayes 47, nays 12.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        10       is passed.

        11                      Senator Present.

        12                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        13       can we take up Calendar 423 that was laid aside

        14       earlier.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Secretary

        16       will recount 423.

        17                      Senator Leichter.

        18                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr.

        19       President.  Just before the next bill is read,

        20       may I have unanimous consent to be recorded in

        21       the negative on Calendar 52, which passed

        22       earlier today?

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without











                                                             
2763

         1       objection.

         2                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Thank you.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         4       Mendez.

         5                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  May I please be

         6       recorded in the negative on Calendar 52.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

         8       objection.

         9                      Senator Paterson.

        10                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr.

        11       President.  The same, without objection, in the

        12       negative on Calendar 52.  There is such a

        13       crescendo building up in this chamber.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        15       objection on the crescendo.

        16                      Secretary will read.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       423, by Senator Saland, Senate Bill Number 4331,

        19       Family Court Act, in relation to authorizing

        20       fees for probation services in Family Court.

        21                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        23       Gold?











                                                             
2764

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Will the Senator

         2       yield to one question?

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         4       Saland, will you yield?

         5                      SENATOR SALAND:  Yes.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  He

         7       yields.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Senator, the way I

         9       understand it, this isn't anything

        10       philosophical.  This is just a straight issue of

        11       trying to raise money for the courts or the

        12       state or whatever; right?

        13                      SENATOR SALAND:  What this is

        14       doing is basically saying that instead of having

        15       to -- this would enable a prospective adoptive

        16       parent to have the option of doing what they do

        17       currently, which is paying for an outside home

        18       study perhaps through a CSW or permitting the

        19       county probation department to do that, and the

        20       fee would be fixed, depending upon the means of

        21       the person, anywhere from $50 to $500.

        22                      The question that Senator Skelos

        23       had asked a bit earlier in which I told him I











                                                             
2765

         1       thought that there were some other areas in

         2       which probation had the authority to charge a

         3       fee, but didn't want to tell him that

         4       unequivocally until I could verify that area,

         5       that area is in child custody investigations.

         6       Probation has the ability to charge a fee.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  So will Senator

         8       yield to a question, one more question?

         9                      SENATOR SALAND:  Yes, sir.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  So it's not just a

        11       strict money-making situation.  As I understand

        12       it now, something must be done; and if it's done

        13       in one situation, the adopting parents would pay

        14       for it through that situation.  This is allowing

        15       them to have it done through a different

        16       situation and having a fee set for it.  Is that

        17       correct?

        18                      SENATOR SALAND:  Correct.

        19                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        21       Skelos.

        22                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Mr. President.

        23       I'm going to vote against this bill, only











                                                             
2766

         1       because I think it is wrong to be charging a

         2       family that is doing something quite wonderful

         3       which is the private adoption of a young child.

         4       We are going to charge them a fee for this

         5       service.  Yet in instances where non-indigent

         6       people who have perhaps violated the law and are

         7       going through probation type services are not

         8       charged fees.  So I think it just sends in my

         9       opinion a wrong message; that we should not be

        10       charging a fee in the instance of a wonderful

        11       social thing of private placement adoption.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Last

        13       section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect on the first day of

        16       October.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        18       Montgomery.

        19                      SENATOR MONTGOMERY:  Thank you.

        20                      Mr. President.  I'm happy to join

        21       Senator Skelos in opposing this bill because I

        22       think, though Senator Saland may have every good

        23       intention, this really is, I think, one of those











                                                             
2767

         1       bills this sends a very, very strong negative

         2       signal to people in this state, particularly

         3       like people in my district who agree to adopt

         4       children, especially hard to place children.

         5                      I have three relatively new

         6       adoption agencies that are minority agencies,

         7       that the state has taken great pains to set

         8       aside funding specifically in order to help

         9       those organizations establish themselves and be

        10       able to function, because they target a very

        11       important sector of my district and that's

        12       blacks and/or Hispanic parents, in particular,

        13       to adopt children.  And I think that this bill

        14       will, in fact, penalize them for wanting to do a

        15       very good social -- good and positive and

        16       socially responsible action.

        17                      So I think this is a very bad

        18       bill, and I hope that my colleagues will vote

        19       against it because it is well-intentioned, but I

        20       think it is ill in its outcome and in its

        21       message to the people in this state.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        23       Jones.











                                                             
2768

         1                      SENATOR JONES:  Will Senator

         2       Saland yield to a question, please?

         3                      SENATOR SALAND:  Yes.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         5       Saland yields.

         6                      SENATOR JONES:  I was confused

         7       after I listened to Senator Skelos' remarks.

         8       I'm of the opinion that part of the budget that

         9       we passed included a large cut for the probation

        10       department; and, in turn, they were given the

        11       option to charge fees.  Is that not correct? Did

        12       I miss something?

        13                      SENATOR SALAND:  What occurred in

        14       the budget has absolutely no relationship

        15       whatsoever to anything that is intended to be

        16       done in this bill.

        17                      SENATOR JONES:  Senator Skelos

        18       just said that criminals, et cetera, we were not

        19       able to charge fees.  I was of the opinion we

        20       could.

        21                      SENATOR SALAND:  I think Senator

        22       Skelos -- and I certainly can't speak for

        23       Senator Skelos -- may be referring to bills that











                                                             
2769

         1       have been considered in this house at one time

         2       or other in which Senator Skelos and others have

         3       sought to enable probationers in criminal cases

         4       to be charged fees, and that has not been

         5       accepted either in the other house or by the

         6       Governor.  I am assuming that's what his

         7       reference was to.

         8                      SENATOR JONES:  Okay.  Would the

         9       Senator yield to another question?

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        11       yields.

        12                      SENATOR JONES:  To clarify for

        13       me.  This is a separate issue as far as

        14       adoption, and we did not pass anything -

        15                      SENATOR SALAND:  There's

        16       absolutely nothing in the budget that dealt with

        17       this topic.

        18                      SENATOR JONES:  Not only this

        19       topic but fees at all, is that what you're

        20       saying?

        21                      SENATOR SALAND:  No.  No.  If you

        22       can recall, when the budget was adopted, the

        23       Governor had attempted to zero out last year's











                                                             
2770

         1       $45 million appropriation.  We in this house

         2       were successful in restoring approximately $28

         3       million of those monies, and the local probation

         4       departments certainly would like to be held, in

         5       effect, harmless if they could by having the

         6       balance of those monies restored.  That's a

         7       separate issue.

         8                      SENATOR JONES:  Okay.  Thank you,

         9       Senator.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Are there

        11       any further questions?

        12                      SENATOR SALAND:  I would just -

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        14       Saland, on the bill.

        15                      SENATOR SALAND:  I just would

        16       like to address Senator Montgomery's comments,

        17       and I would call her attention to lines 13

        18       through 15, and anybody who might have shared

        19       her concerns, in which the bill provides that

        20       that fee can be waived on the discretion of the

        21       court when the adoption would be delayed because

        22       the petitioning party lacks sufficient means to

        23       pay the fee.  And I would assume that would











                                                             
2771

         1       certainly be a consideration in the types of

         2       cases that Senator Montgomery was referring to.

         3                      Thank you.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         5       last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect the first day of October.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        12       the negative on Calendar 423 are Senators

        13       Galiber, Kuhl, Montgomery, Onorato, Pataki,

        14       Paterson, Santiago, Skelos, Solomon, Stavisky

        15       and Waldon.  Ayes 48, nays 11.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        17       is passed.

        18                      Senator Present.

        19                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        20       will you call up Calendar 437, Senator Cook's

        21       bill, laid aside earlier.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Calendar

        23       437.  Secretary will read.











                                                             
2772

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         3       Gold.

         4                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes.  If I can

         5       impose, before you do that, could you recognize

         6       Senator Santiago for a moment.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         8       Santiago.

         9                      SENATOR SANTIAGO:  I would like

        10       to vote no on 52, please.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  Unanimous consent

        12       requested for her to be recorded in the negative

        13       on Calendar Number 52.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        15       objection.

        16                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you very

        17       much.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Secretary

        19       will read.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       437, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 2632,

        22       Environmental Conservation Law and the State

        23       Finance Law.











                                                             
2773

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         2       Cook.  Senator Gold has requested an

         3       explanation.

         4                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President.

         5       One of the reasons why -

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         7       Gold.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        10       Gold.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes.  If Senator

        12       Cook would yield, I prefer not to have an

        13       explanation.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        15       Cook, will you yield?

        16                      SENATOR COOK:  Sure.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        18       Cook yields.

        19                      SENATOR GOLD:  I want everyone to

        20       know that I have a document in front of me which

        21       mentions the name of this bill, 2632, and it

        22       says that the Department of Environmental

        23       Conservation strongly opposes the bill.  Do you











                                                             
2774

         1       know the reasons why, Senator? I don't.

         2                      Last section.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         4       last section.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 3.  This

         6       act shall take effect on the first day of

         7       January.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 59.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       451, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 2990,

        16       an act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law.

        17                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Explanation.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        19       Cook.  Explanation requested.

        20                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President.

        21       This bill that many of us of discussed on

        22       previous occasions is a bill that deals with a

        23       very serious problem that we continue to have in











                                                             
2775

         1       this state, and that is the problem of persons

         2       who are convicted of serious crimes where they

         3       are crimes to the person, assault, murder, rape,

         4       where they are subsequently charged with the

         5       same crime.  They may serve a period of time and

         6       be subsequently charged with the same crime, and

         7       they are released back on the street, and they

         8       go out and they commit other crimes while they

         9       are waiting for trial.

        10                      And we had one instance some

        11       years ago where I had a hearing in Buffalo on

        12       the subject, where the police department

        13       actually indicated that between the time of an

        14       original arrest of an individual and the time

        15       when the trial was finally held that 32

        16       subsequent arrests were made on the same person

        17       charged for other crimes of violence.

        18                      This bill simply says that the

        19       judge at the point when in individual is

        20       arraigned shall consider the safety of the

        21       public, consider the record of this individual

        22       either on previous convictions or, if they

        23       indeed are awaiting trial on one or more similar











                                                             
2776

         1       charges, that the judge does not grant bail.

         2       And there are remedies available in the law for

         3       the individual who is charged to try to get that

         4       overturned.

         5                      But the real purpose of the law

         6       is to say when we've got dangerous people and we

         7       know that they are dangerous people that the

         8       public deserves the right to be protected from

         9       this type of individual being on the street.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        11       Dollinger.

        12                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        13       President, will the sponsor yield to a

        14       question?

        15                      SENATOR COOK:  Sure.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        17       Cook yields, Senator Dollinger.

        18                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  One of the

        19       questions that I raised on the deliberation of

        20       this item is what impact this bill would have on

        21       the populations in the county jails, such as of

        22       the Monroe County Correctional Facility, when

        23       pre-trial release is prevented in instances when











                                                             
2777

         1       a judge might think it was warranted.

         2                      My question is about how many

         3       prisoners statewide do you think this would

         4       affect; and what do you think the additional

         5       stay in a correctional facility would be as a

         6       consequence of this bill?

         7                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President, of

         8       course, we get this question asked all the time,

         9       and I'm really kind of wondering why we just

        10       don't establish a state prison that's not X

        11       number of vacancies; and then when it gets full,

        12       we don't convict anybody else of any more

        13       crimes.  I mean that's the logic you are using,

        14       Senator.

        15                      The point is that's not the

        16       direction we come from.  We look at what the

        17       need is, and we provide whatever space we have

        18       to provide.  Our responsibility here is to

        19       protect the public, and if there has to be a

        20       cost to that, so be it.  That's the cost.

        21                      The point is these are dangerous

        22       people.  They are committing multiple crimes.

        23       One instance which I am, unfortunately, all too











                                                             
2778

         1       well acquainted with, a person was actually

         2       murdered by someone while that individual was

         3       out on bail awaiting trial on a rape charge, and

         4       that was an individual who had a previous

         5       conviction of violent crime.

         6                      These are the kinds of people

         7       that have to be kept off the street, and what

         8       the cost is, I don't know.  How many of them

         9       there are, I don't know, any more than I know

        10       how many people are going to be convicted of

        11       crime in a given year.  All I know is we make

        12       whatever space we have to make available to make

        13       it available.

        14                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        15       President.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        17       Dollinger.

        18                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  On the bill.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        20       Dollinger, on the bill.

        21                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  In the Codes

        22       Committee discussion about this, I supported

        23       this item.











                                                             
2779

         1                      My concern with my question to

         2       Senator Cook was quite simple.  Before we

         3       mandate that judges don't have the discretion to

         4       exercise their authority in a given instance to

         5       put someone out on pre-trial release because, in

         6       their judgment, they feel that given all the

         7       circumstances that we currently have in the law

         8       they meet the standards for pre-trial release.

         9       What we're doing is taking away their discretion

        10       to do that to some extent.  We are limiting

        11       their discretion to do that.

        12                      But to another extent, what we

        13       are doing is we're mandating to places like

        14       Monroe County that they keep more prisoners in

        15       the jails.  And the consequence of that, as I

        16       understand it -- and I understand the purpose of

        17       this legislation.  I understand it's a public

        18       safety purpose.  But from my point of view what

        19       we're doing is we're mandating that the

        20       counties, once again, keep more and more people

        21       in their jails.

        22                      That's going to have a direct

        23       cost to the people that live in my county











                                                             
2780

         1       because it's going to require that they increase

         2       their cost of public safety service.  My concern

         3       is that before we do mandate this, before we

         4       again get accused, as Lord knows, I've only been

         5       here four months, have already been accused of

         6       mandating to local communities what they can and

         7       cannot do, that what we are doing here is we are

         8       mandating that these prisoners -- no matter what

         9       other circumstances may be available, we are

        10       mandating that they stay in the facilities and

        11       that the taxpayers pick up the cost even though,

        12       in certain instances, the judge presiding over

        13       the case might determine that they qualify for

        14       pre-trial release.

        15                      I'm simply trying to highlight to

        16       the Senator that I understand the purpose.  I

        17       understand the need to protect the public

        18       safety.  We do have safeguards under the system

        19       currently.  But one of the effects, and all of

        20       my colleagues should recognize this, that what

        21       we're doing is we're telling the local

        22       communities again, "We're not going to let your

        23       judges let these people out," and that's going











                                                             
2781

         1       to have a direct financial consequence to the

         2       community facilities.

         3                      I don't know how many people this

         4       is going to affect.  That's why I had hoped that

         5       perhaps Senator Volker, when it was raised in

         6       the Codes Committee, might have some additional

         7       information as to how many people this involves.

         8       But we should recognize that this is a mandate.

         9       This is telling someone that they can't do

        10       something that they might be otherwise inclined

        11       to do, and that this is going to have a cost, a

        12       real taxpayer cost associated with it.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        14       DeFrancisco.

        15                      SENATOR DeFRANCISCO:  On the

        16       cost, I believe there's a finite number of cells

        17       in each community, and all this bill says is

        18       that these prisoners, the most dangerous, have

        19       to be detained.  And if it means that some other

        20       prisoners who are less violent and less a threat

        21       to society have to be let out under less

        22       stringent grounds, then so be it.  That's the

        23       financial point.











                                                             
2782

         1                      The other thing I wanted to

         2       mention about the bill is that it is a good

         3       bill, and it's not a unique bill for those who

         4       are maybe on the fence on it, in that the

         5       federal government already has this type of

         6       system in place in the federal criminal justice

         7       system, and it works there.  There is procedural

         8       safeguards.  I have participated in it privately

         9       in my law practice, and I think it would work in

        10       the state as well, not only to promote what

        11       Senator Cook mentioned but also to safeguard the

        12       rights of the individual.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Last

        14       section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 11.  This

        16       act shall take effect on the 1st day of January.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        18       roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        21       Galiber to explain his vote.

        22                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Yes, to explain

        23       my vote.











                                                             
2783

         1                      Mr. President.  No one has

         2       mentioned about what this bill really does, and

         3       we start talking about preventive detention

         4       never mind what it costs us, but we're dealing

         5       with the constitution here.  We haven't outlived

         6       the embarrassment of putting 140,000 Japanese

         7       Americans in barbed wire around a fence under

         8       the guise of preventative detention.

         9                      This is a bad piece of

        10       legislation.  It does violence to our

        11       constitution.  And whether we do it on a federal

        12       level or no, doesn't make it right.  What we're

        13       doing here are mere suspicions.  Someone comes

        14       in the second go-round.  What happened to due

        15       cause, the due process clause that we have in

        16       our constitution? Somebody comes in again we

        17       suspect that they might maybe do something;

        18       therefore, we're going to hold them.  So never

        19       mind the cost of it.

        20                      The fact is that this piece of

        21       this legislation again goes right back to some

        22       basic rights that we have under the constitution

        23       which took us some time to get it working.  And











                                                             
2784

         1       slowly but surely, we have been grinding away at

         2       people's basic constitutional rights and this

         3       just is another extension of that.

         4                      This is a bad piece of

         5       legislation.  I vote no.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         7       Dollinger to explain his vote.

         8                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  I share

         9       Senator Galiber's concern.  The reason why I

        10       raised the cost issue is simply because it's one

        11       that I think before we take any step to involve

        12       constitutional issue, we all ought to know what

        13       the fiscal issue will be for the local

        14       communities, and I guess I'd just point out that

        15       Senator DeFrancisco's point about this only

        16       affecting a finite number of people is

        17       inconsistent with the purpose announced in this

        18       legislation, which Senator Cook says was to

        19       strike at the core of one of the most serious

        20       threats to public safety today, the failure to

        21       recognize public safety as a criteria in

        22       deciding pre-trial release matters.

        23                      Well, if it's such a critical











                                                             
2785

         1       issue as Senator Cook points out, Senator

         2       DeFrancisco says it's only a finite number; it's

         3       not really such a serious problem.  I think

         4       there's problems with this from a cost point of

         5       view.  When I supported it in the Codes

         6       Committee, it was my hope we'd have a better

         7       definition of exactly who this would affect.

         8                      So I think there's some technical

         9       problems, and I'm going to vote no.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Results.

        11                      Senator DeFrancisco to explain

        12       his vote.

        13                      SENATOR DeFRANCISCO:  Yes.  I

        14       didn't say that it only affects a finite number

        15       of people.  What I said was that there are

        16       finite number of cells in a community.  And what

        17       this bill will do will make certain that those

        18       that are most dangerous are required to be kept

        19       in those cells.  And if we run out of them, then

        20       the people who are of less danger to society

        21       will be the ones that will have to be let out on

        22       the streets by the judges.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Results.











                                                             
2786

         1                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr. President.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         3       Leichter to explain his vote.

         4                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  I think you

         5       can argue on the issue of how many people this

         6       would affect, whether it creates a safer

         7       community or not.  I think to a marginal extent

         8       it probably does, as it would if you went into

         9       some neighborhoods and just arrested everybody.

        10       I imagine you would be able to show that crime

        11       would go down.

        12                      But there is something so basic

        13       that distinguishes America from most other

        14       countries in the world, and that is the

        15       presumption of innocence, and you don't go to

        16       jail if you are presumed innocent.  And granted,

        17       there are people that you will give that

        18       presumption to.  You will let them out and, by

        19       the way, people are only let out on bail.  The

        20       judge is certainly there to set reasonable bail,

        21       but some will go out and will commit a crime.

        22       But I think that we've been led to where we

        23       would tinker, not only tinker but do damage











                                                             
2787

         1       to what makes America great and our constitution

         2       is great, which is the presumption that we

         3       accord people because the one thing that we

         4       don't want to do is to send an innocent person

         5       to jail or keep somebody who hasn't been found

         6       guilty in jail.  And that's what's involved

         7       here.

         8                      And I'm really saddened that

         9       we've been brought to the point where we would

        10       throw away that basic American right.  And

        11       that's what this bill does, and you can't

        12       justify it by saying, well, it's going to create

        13       safer communities.

        14                      You know, Mussolini justified

        15       dictator ship, because he made the trains run on

        16       time.  There is no justification for departing

        17       from basic principles of liberty.

        18                      Mr. President, I vote no.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Does

        20       anyone else wish to explain their vote?

        21                      Senator Gold.

        22                      SENATOR GOLD:  I will be brief,

        23       but what I think we're doing is we're saying











                                                             
2788

         1       something that offends all of us, Senator Cook,

         2       and I mean all of us.  I'm very proud of the

         3       fact that there's the word "Liberal" that's

         4       associated with my name.  It helps some of my

         5       colleagues on the other side write it adversely

         6       in the newsletters, but I'm very proud of the

         7       word.  But I'm still upset, Senator Cook, when I

         8       read the papers, and I have read some of it this

         9       week, of someone who was convicted, convicted,

        10       convicted, convicted and they don't go to jail

        11       and they keep walking the streets.

        12                      I'm offended for a number of

        13       reasons.  One reason is that I'm a member of the

        14       Legislature and people in the community think

        15       we're not doing anything.  And the fact is we

        16       are, and there are judges who don't follow the

        17       law when it comes to sentencing.  But that's not

        18       the issue in this bill.  If we're mad at the

        19       judges who don't put people in jail when they

        20       are convicted of crime, why get into a

        21       completely different issue, one of preventive

        22       detention, which is a terrible, I think,

        23       anti-American concept.  And I don't mean that











                                                             
2789

         1       anybody who supports this is anti-American.

         2       Believe me, Senator Cook, I'm not saying that.

         3       But I think, as Senator Leichter says, this just

         4       flies in the face of our philosophies.

         5                      The one thing we should be doing

         6       is making sure that these wonderful judges, who

         7       are my friends and your friends and all of our

         8       friends, obey the law.  It's embarrassing to

         9       read these things in the paper.  I don't think

        10       how somebody's out on the street with a car in

        11       New York with 46 suspensions, and then runs over

        12       a kid and he dies.  I mean the judges ought to

        13       enforce the law.

        14                      But that's not the issue of

        15       preventive detention, and I think there's a

        16       confusion.  I vote in the negative.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Results.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        19       the negative on -

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        21       Waldon.

        22                      SENATOR WALDON:  Mr. President.

        23       I really want to -











                                                             
2790

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         2       Waldon.  I didn't mean to cut you off.

         3                      SENATOR WALDON:  Yes, if I may.

         4                      There are two dangers I see with

         5       this bill.  One is that it usurps the authority

         6       of the judge who should have the right to

         7       exercise the genius that he or she may have when

         8       someone comes before the bar of justice.  We

         9       would, in effect, with this piece of legislation

        10       if it were to become law, replace the freedom

        11       that a judge has to do what should be done in

        12       the courtroom.

        13                      The other piece of it, though,

        14       which really disturbs and distresses me is that

        15       it gives credence to a creeping activity in this

        16       nation in certain communities, in certain

        17       inner city communities, where it is not the

        18       person who has committed the crime who is

        19       necessarily being arrested but someone who fits

        20       the profile of a person who may have committed a

        21       crime.

        22                      We have too many officers in this

        23       country, and having been a police officer, I











                                                             
2791

         1       recognize what I'm saying and I'm not accusing

         2       all law enforcement personnel, but there is in

         3       this nation now and in New York City on occasion

         4       an attitude which allows for young black males

         5       and young Latino males to be unnecessarily

         6       arrested simply because they fit a profile, the

         7       jacket they have on, the type of sneakers they

         8       may be wearing, the kind of manner in which they

         9       cock the cap that they have upon their head.  If

        10       they should appear at a moment when some crime

        11       or a suspicion of a criminal activity has

        12       occurred, all too often they are arrested and

        13       falsely arrested on occasion, and I think we

        14       don't need to compound that mistake with this

        15       mistake.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        17       Padavan to explain his vote.

        18                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I had not

        19       planned to speak to you, but these last few

        20       explanations have just prompted me to stand and

        21       comment.

        22                      First, in reading the bill, we

        23       seem to overlook the fact that the person who











                                                             
2792

         1       would be subject to this provision is someone

         2       who has been indicted for a very serious crime,

         3       murder, rape, and so on.

         4                      Secondly, the person in question

         5       must have been convicted of a prior serious

         6       felony.

         7                      Thirdly, the request must be made

         8       by the district attorney.

         9                      There are a number of protective

        10       components in this proposal, in this bill that

        11       Senator Cook has presented to us, which fly in

        12       the face of various comments that have been made

        13       in the course of explaining this bill or their

        14       vote.  We are dealing with very dangerous

        15       people, not by presumption but by prior

        16       conviction.  We're talking about district

        17       attorneys who I believe by and large are

        18       responsible individuals who, based on their

        19       knowledge, feel there is a dangerous person here

        20       in front of us, and we must keep this person out

        21       of our communities.

        22                      Yes, Senator Leichter, I'm proud

        23       of our constitution, but I'm not proud of the











                                                             
2793

         1       fact that in New York City over 2,000 people

         2       were murdered last year, and that every day we

         3       pick up the paper and we read about another

         4       violent crime committed by someone who is out on

         5       bail, out on parole, and it's not just a casual,

         6       occasional occurrence.  It's regular.  It's

         7       routine.

         8                      There is a delicate balance

         9       between defending the constitution and defending

        10       the people against violent crime.  I think this

        11       bill meets that criteria of balance.  It is not

        12       severe.  It is well constructed, and it's

        13       reasonable.  I vote aye.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Results.

        15       Unless there is anyone else who wishes to

        16       explain his or her vote?

        17                      (There was no response. )

        18                      Results.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        20       the negative on Calendar Number 451, are

        21       Senators Dollinger, Galiber, Gold, Leichter,

        22       Markowitz, Montgomery, Ohrenstein, Paterson,

        23       Santiago, Smith and Waldon.











                                                             
2794

         1                      Ayes 48, nays 11.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         3       is passed.

         4                      Secretary will read.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         6       452, by Senator Johnson, Senate Bill Number

         7       3059, an act to amend the Penal Law, in relation

         8       to chemical agents and chemical agent weapons.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

        10       Explanation requested, Senator Johnson.

        11                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Mr. President.

        12       Before this day is out, there will be six people

        13       murdered in this state, a dozen women raped, 230

        14       people assaulted, another 300 people robbed.

        15       Every day more than five hundred people in this

        16       state are victims of violent crime.

        17                      Government is set up, among other

        18       purposes, to protect people and their property.

        19       And the laws are in place to protect them,

        20       courts and policemen and so forth are put in

        21       place to protect people against these type of

        22       crimes, and yet they happen every day.

        23                      Unless a person is willing to go











                                                             
2795

         1       through the procedure and is lucky enough to be

         2       rewarded, I might say, by having a pistol permit

         3       and having a desire to carry it, people are

         4       essentially not permitted in this state to carry

         5       any means of self-defense, personal

         6       self-defense.

         7                      In 48 other states, they are

         8       allowed to do that but not here.  In fact, in 48

         9       states plus the District of Columbia, you are

        10       allowed to defend yourself by carrying mace.  In

        11       this state, you get arrested if you carry mace.

        12       It's a violation of the law.

        13                      We're trying to change that.

        14       We're trying to decriminalize the possession of

        15       mace so that a person has a means, a non-lethal

        16       means by which to defend themselves.

        17                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        19       Gold.

        20                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.  My

        21       notes indicate that there is an opposition from

        22       the city of New York, and I do have some

        23       literature from Senator Johnson which would











                                                             
2796

         1       indicate that the New York State Federation of

         2       Police supports this.  Right?

         3                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Many other

         4       organizations, Senator, as well.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Pardon me.

         6                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  There are quite

         7       a long list of supporters, including the major

         8       police organizations which support this.

         9                      SENATOR GOLD:  Will you yield to

        10       one question?

        11                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Yes.

        12                      SENATOR GOLD:  I had in my notes

        13       that at one point the Police Conference of the

        14       state of New York was in opposition.  Have they

        15       taken a position this year?

        16                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Yes.  They have

        17       withdrawn their opposition and are now

        18       supportive of this legislation.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Last

        20       section.

        21                      Senator Hoffmann.

        22                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Mr. President.

        23       I rise in support of this bill.  I would like to











                                                             
2797

         1       thank Senator Johnson for once again bringing it

         2       to our attention, and I also appreciate the hard

         3       work that he has done in order to clear up some

         4       misconceptions that some members of police

         5       organizations had about this bill.

         6                      He correctly stated the

         7       importance of allowing this option to people in

         8       this state, particularly to women in this state

         9       who would like to be defended -- be able to

        10       defend themselves at all times but would prefer

        11       not to carry a different type of weapon.

        12                      Certainly mace is an important,

        13       modest deterrent in regard to other types of

        14       weapons which are, in fact, legally available

        15       right now.  There is nothing to prevent a woman

        16       who goes out jogging from carrying a butcher

        17       knife or a hunting knife with her.  And should

        18       she want to get a pistol permit and go through

        19       the arduous process, she's certainly entitled to

        20       do so, and many of us who enjoy jogging in this

        21       state or like to be able to feel free to wander

        22       comfortably anywhere that we like to wander,

        23       choose on occasion to carry some form of











                                                             
2798

         1       protection.

         2                      This is certainly a legitimate

         3       form of self-defense.  It is a moderate form of

         4       self-defense in relation to fire power, and it

         5       certainly is one that women in this state should

         6       be allowed to take advantage of when we know

         7       that in 48 other states people are allowed to

         8       use mace.

         9                      So I am very happy, once again,

        10       to support this bill, and I would urge all of my

        11       colleagues on both sides of the aisle to vote in

        12       favor of this important measure of equality.

        13                      Thank you, Mr. President.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        15       Padavan.

        16                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Mr. President.

        17       I just want to repeat something I did last time

        18        -- said the last time we discussed this bill,

        19       and that there are men and women in the state of

        20       New York legally carrying mace.  They are called

        21       mailmen or mailwomen.  And in talking to them,

        22       obviously, they carry it to defend themselves

        23       against angry dogs who may attack them as they











                                                             
2799

         1       are going in someone's yard, but also in many

         2       communities they are happy to have it in their

         3       possession because of the criminal element that

         4       they might have to face.

         5                      So, obviously, if we are allowing

         6       it by federal law in the state of New York for

         7       that category of our citizens, that same right

         8       and prerogative and opportunity ought to be

         9       allowed for everyone else.

        10                      I vote aye.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Last

        12       section.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 3.  This

        14       act shall take effect on the first day of

        15       November.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr.

        19       President.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        21       Leichter.

        22                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  I'd like to

        23       explain my vote.  Mr. President.  I have











                                                             
2800

         1       always -

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         3       Leichter, we'll call the roll and then we'll

         4       have you explain your vote.

         5                      Call the roll.

         6                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         8       Leichter to explain his vote.

         9                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr.

        10       President.  I've debated against this bill in

        11       the past, but I want to say I have become

        12       convinced that under present circumstances that

        13       it probably is a right that we ought to give to

        14       people of this state.  I think, as Senator

        15       Padavan said, many are using it anyhow.

        16                      Unfortunately, we have reached

        17       the state where this sort of protection seems to

        18       be not only desired, but I think can be

        19       justified.  Obviously, it's not as dangerous as

        20       a gun and so on.

        21                      So I want to say, Senator

        22       Johnson, it took you three, four years but you

        23       convinced me.











                                                             
2801

         1                      I'm going to vote in the

         2       affirmative, Mr. President.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Results.

         4                      Senator Volker to explain his

         5       vote.

         6                      SENATOR VOLKER:  Mr. President.

         7                      Senator Leichter, I -- I have now

         8       got a problem.  I can't believe -- that since

         9       you switched your vote, I better check to make

        10       sure I'm voting the right way.

        11                      It is a momentous occasion, and I

        12       congratulate you on your -- on your -- in any

        13       case, since Senator Leichter is voting in the

        14       affirmative, I will vote in the affirmative

        15       also.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        17       Tully to explain his vote.

        18                      SENATOR TULLY:  Yes, Mr.

        19       President, on the bill and to explain my vote.

        20                      I, too, feel as Senator Volker

        21       does.  I was wondering if it was the same bill,

        22       but when Franz changes his mind, anything can

        23       happen in this Legislature.  And it's a good











                                                             
2802

         1       thing.  It shows that the spirit of debate

         2       works.

         3                      I see last year it passed by a

         4       vote of 52 to 8, and hopefully it will pass this

         5       year unanimously because I don't think there is

         6       a person in this chamber that doesn't know that

         7       in circumstances the way they exist today that

         8       just about every woman in this state, if she

         9       doesn't carry it now, will be carrying it.  In

        10       any event, it's not legal for them to do it, and

        11       I think it's only right that we legalize

        12       something that is necessary.

        13                      I support the bill and vote in

        14       the affirmative.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        16       the negative on Calendar 452 are Senators

        17       Connor, Mendez, Montgomery, Paterson, Smith and

        18       Waldon.  Ayes 53, nays 6.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        20       is passed.

        21                      Secretary.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       455, by Senator Marino, Senate Bill Number 3237,











                                                             
2803

         1       an act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law, in

         2       relation to pre-sentence investigations.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         4       last section.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 30.  This

         6       act shall take effect immediately.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         8       roll.

         9                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  We're on

        11       a roll call on Calendar Number 455.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 57, nays 2.

        13       Senators Leichter and Ohrenstein -- ayes 56,

        14       nays 3.  Senators Leichter, Ohrenstein, and

        15       Santiago recorded in the negative.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        17       is passed.

        18                      Senator Mendez, may I recognize

        19       you for a clarification.  You wish to be voted

        20       in the positive on which vote?

        21                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Calendar 452, I

        22       want to be recorded in the positive.  I believe

        23       we must have mace to defend ourselves.











                                                             
2804

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

         2       is a yes vote on Calendar 452, Senator Johnson's

         3       bill.  Thank you.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         5       457, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number 3323,

         6       an act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

         7       including criminal sale of a controlled

         8       substance as a felony.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

        10       last section.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        12       act shall take effect immediately.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

        14       roll.

        15                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 59.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

        18       is passed.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        20       460, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number 3639,

        21       an act to amend the Penal Law.

        22                      SENATOR GOLD:  Explanation.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:











                                                             
2805

         1       Explanation requested.

         2                      Senator Stavisky, why do you

         3       rise?

         4                      (There was no audible response. )

         5                      Thank you, Senator Stavisky.

         6                      SENATOR VOLKER:  This bill is

         7       what's known as the "proper cause bill."  It was

         8       originally sponsored by Senator Schermerhorn for

         9       a number of years, and I have carried this bill

        10       for several years.

        11                      What it basically says is -- and

        12       I think we have debated this bill -- I don't

        13       want to say ad nauseum.  At nauseum, okay.  What

        14       it says is that a -- there's a presumption that

        15       a person of clean, moral criminal and mental

        16       record, mental character, has proper cause for

        17       the issuance of a license.  What it basically

        18       does is, in a sense, reverse the process and

        19       says that unless there is a demonstration that a

        20       person has a criminal reported or has a mental

        21       problem, or whatever, that they have the right

        22       to be approved for a pistol license.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator











                                                             
2806

         1       Stavisky.

         2                      SENATOR STAVISKY:  Mr.

         3       President.  This is the week when the nation's

         4       attention was riveted on the events in Waco,

         5       Texas, and I dare say that some of the people

         6       who are members of that cult and blindly

         7       followed Mr. Koresh to oblivion, had no known

         8       record that would have disqualified them from

         9       obtaining access to weapons.  As a matter of

        10       fact, under the laws of the state of Texas,

        11       there are very few disqualifications for

        12       obtaining firearms.

        13                      And so what this bill proposes to

        14       do is to presume that anyone walking in should

        15       have access to a handgun regardless of the need,

        16       and I think that we are now going on dangerous

        17       terrain.  I voted for the mace bill because that

        18       is a limited deterrent and defensive weapon that

        19       can be used without fatality.  But I have no

        20       understanding why this Legislature after

        21       we witnessed the aberration of Waco, Texas,

        22       should want to put handguns in the possession of

        23       individuals who may have no need for these











                                                             
2807

         1       weapons and whose reliability, mental as well as

         2       criminal, may not have been checked out in

         3       advance of the issuance of the permit.

         4                      This is extremely dangerous,

         5       Senator Volker.  You are now no longer giving

         6       mace to individuals to defend themselves.  You

         7       are enabling individuals such as those who

         8       unfortunately perished in Waco, Texas, to be

         9       armed.  And what was the reason for the federal

        10       government's intervention there? The feeling

        11       that the cache of arms in the possession of

        12       these individuals could endanger life and

        13       safety.  And we saw the standoff, over 50 days

        14       of impasse.

        15                      And I'm surely not defending the

        16       efforts by the federal government to rush in

        17       there without consideration of the consequences,

        18       nor am I condemning them.  That is not the

        19       purpose of this legislative debate.  I am simply

        20       saying the ready availability of weapons to

        21       individuals who might feel that they can take

        22       upon themselves that they are the law, that

        23       vigilante justice is the law, that should not be











                                                             
2808

         1       the standard of New York State.

         2                      The memo from the mayor of the

         3       city of New York speaks about vigilante

         4       justice.  It's not coming from someone not in a

         5       position of responsibility.  And he quotes the

         6       vigorous opposition of the police commissioner

         7       of the city of New York.  Commissioner Kelly is

         8       not a kook.  Commissioner Kelly is a responsible

         9       law enforcement official.  The police

        10       commissioner of New York City opposes this

        11       legislation for a jurisdiction of more than 7

        12       million people, and we do not have the right

        13       here legislatively, precipitously,

        14       presumptuously to say that the police

        15       commissioner of the city of New York has no

        16       understanding of law enforcement and the

        17       protection of the citizens' lives and safety.

        18                      You have achieved with the

        19       enactment -- hopefully, with the enactment of

        20       the mace bill a measure of defense and

        21       protection, but we do not have to arm people in

        22       urban areas -- and I'm not talking about a rural

        23       area.  If you want to have a bill that applies











                                                             
2809

         1       to the rural sections of New York State and you

         2       can prevail upon enough members of both houses

         3       to support it, that's a different matter.  But

         4       do not mandate upon a city of 7 million against

         5       the strenuous objections of a mayor and the

         6       police commissioner that this arming of

         7       civilians without any real cause, not simply

         8       with rifles and shotguns for hunting purposes

         9       but with handguns, is in the public interest.

        10                      Pistols are not normally used by

        11       the hunters in the field, and pistols are not

        12       necessarily the most reliable means of

        13       self-defense nor civilians who may not be

        14       trained, for civilians who may leave the pistols

        15       for other members of the family to use during a

        16       family argument, for civilians who may allow the

        17       pistols, loaded, to be used by children in an

        18       act of play.

        19                      There is no play when a gun is

        20       discharged.  There is only in an urban

        21       environment in a household when someone is

        22       simply careless and will say, "Oh, my God, we

        23       didn't expect that to happen."  Well, I'm saying











                                                             
2810

         1       it does happen, far too frequently for us to

         2       close our eyes to it.

         3                      I don't think this is a respons

         4       ible piece of legislation.  I think you should

         5       accept the support of this house on the mace

         6       bill and allow that to take effect and not push

         7       upon us this radical -- and I do mean radical -

         8       opening the doors to gun possession by civilians

         9       who should not be required to use them.

        10                      Look, if the police department

        11       cannot protect, if the military cannot protect

        12       us against violence, then why do we pay taxes?

        13       Let us stop paying taxes until police

        14       departments and national guards and the military

        15       are able to protect our citizens domestically as

        16       well as in foreign situations, but don't make of

        17       civilians an armed camp squaring off against one

        18       another.  I hope you would reconsider the

        19       sponsorship and the movement to adopt this bill

        20       in this house.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        22       Volker.

        23                      SENATOR VOLKER:  Mr. President.











                                                             
2811

         1       Oh, I realize that some of the so-called

         2       anti-gun people are going to try to take

         3       advantage of the Waco, Texas, situation, and

         4       because the media has not told the whole truth,

         5       as is usually the case.  Senator, let me tell

         6       you something.  The ATF didn't go in there, and

         7       the FBI didn't go in there because of handguns.

         8                      If you think that it was because

         9       of so-called legal weapons, bazookas, rifles

        10       that will shoot three miles, automatic weapons,

        11       are illegal in virtually every state in the

        12       Union.  Clearly, the military weapons in that

        13       place wouldn't be legal under any law in this

        14       state and, to my knowledge, they are not even

        15       legal in Texas.  The illegal weapons that were

        16       in that place was the reason.  They didn't go in

        17       because of handguns.  That had nothing to do

        18       with it.  Nor for any guns, by the way, that the

        19       average citizen uses did they go in there.

        20                      The reason fire trucks couldn't

        21       get near the scene wasn't, I can tell you,

        22       because of any weapon that are legal any place

        23       in this state or in this country.











                                                             
2812

         1                      And, Senator, you live in a city

         2       that has the toughest gun laws, supposedly,

         3       other than Washington, D.C., and you live in a

         4       city that is riddled with crime.  We understand

         5       that.  It's also a city, by the way, that

         6       promised to raise all sorts of new police

         7       officers, and didn't.  And we understand you've

         8       got fiscal crisis and all sorts of other

         9       things.

        10                      But, Senator, don't try to tell

        11       me that because we passed a mace bill -- a bill,

        12       by the way, that we have a heck of a time

        13       convincing members of the Assembly because a

        14       couple people, I guess, are afraid that maybe

        15       some people will use it against innocent

        16       civilians, as if innocent civilians aren't being

        17       killed every day by the very weapons that they

        18       are refusing to allow the average citizen to

        19       use.  Every criminal in New York City, as

        20       someone said, has a way of obtaining a gun.

        21       They don't need to go through a procedure to get

        22       a gun.  Unfortunately, they can tend to find a

        23       gun some way.











                                                             
2813

         1                      And I realize that the media of

         2       this country, in many ways, has been trying to

         3       say we'd like to blame everybody else but the

         4       people responsible for the problems in this

         5       country, and it's very easy to blame the NRA and

         6       innocent gun owners and all that stuff for the

         7       problems of this country.  But if we are going

         8       to tackle, if we are genuinely going to tackle

         9       the crime rate in this country, we've got to

        10       deal with it on a more rational basis.

        11                      You know, we had a debate here

        12       earlier on Senator Cook's bill, and I would be

        13       the first to admit to you that that's a very

        14       tough bill.  That bill resulted from a period

        15       back in the early '80s when a whole bunch of

        16       people that were let out on bail on both the

        17       federal and state level killed a whole bunch of

        18       people.  And what happens is, by the way -- and

        19       some of those judges, by the way, some of the

        20       things that drove us in this state -- most of

        21       them that drove us were New York City judges,

        22       New York City judges who left people out in the

        23       street with no bail who killed people.











                                                             
2814

         1                      Now, they don't do that any

         2       more.  They rarely will ever do that any more,

         3       and the reason is because this Legislature and a

         4       lot of people around this town, some people in

         5       this chamber on both sides of the aisle, passed

         6       some legislation and put so much pressure on

         7       those people that they, for the most part, don't

         8       do that any more.

         9                      Senator Cook's bill really

        10       doesn't involve that many people today because

        11       it rarely ever happens that people who commit

        12       serious crimes are let out without very high

        13       bail or, in some cases, no bail at all.  But it

        14       happens occasionally, and that's one of the

        15       reasons why Senator Cook's bill, frankly, is

        16       still around.  That's a model, by the way, of a

        17       federal statute.  In fact, it's in law right now

        18       on a federal level.

        19                      The only reason I point that out

        20       to you -- and I understand the emotion of this

        21       issue.  This bill, by the way, has been around

        22       for some time.  In a sense, it stands as a

        23       symbol of almost the outrageousness of our











                                                             
2815

         1       positions around here; and that is, that to say

         2       that if we can only clean up the innocent people

         3       having guns, somehow the criminals would not get

         4       guns.

         5                      Now, Commissioner Kelly, by the

         6       way, who I have met a number of times, is a very

         7       nice fellow.  He is a good policeman.  He does

         8       as he's told.  The mayor has told him guns are

         9       bad, so he thinks guns are bad.  His people, by

        10       the way, have been going to almost outrageous

        11       actions to keep guns away from people.  They

        12       have been going after some of their enemies in

        13       the Pistol Permit Bureau by refusing to give

        14       them applications and all sorts of things.

        15                      Frankly, you know, as I have told

        16       Commissioner Kelly's people, I think that is

        17       really undignified for the police department to

        18       to that.  Because as many law enforcement people

        19       have privately acknowledged, the drive in this

        20       country for gun control has done little or

        21       nothing to stem the tide of criminal conduct.

        22       The real truth is what has been stemming the

        23       tide is better law enforcement and in some cases











                                                             
2816

         1       better treatment, and we are beginning slowly is

         2       to make a difference.

         3                      But to my knowledge, Senator,

         4       there isn't one iota of evidence any place in

         5       this country that gun control has done one

         6       single small thing to deal with the criminal

         7       element.  There just isn't any evidence.  And,

         8       Senator, I understand your emotions on these

         9       issues, and I feel it, too.

        10                      I feel that we should act

        11       responsibly.  But, Senator, I just don't think

        12       that we should think for any one moment and

        13       especially the Waco, Texas, situation that nut,

        14       whether he had guns or not -- it was guns that

        15       drove him, but not the kind of guns that we're

        16       talking about here, I can assure you.  The kind

        17       of weapons, by the way, that killed those FBI

        18       agents coming in were high-powered weapons that

        19       are not covered by this legislation because they

        20       are not allowed by this legislation or any other

        21       legislation in this state, to my knowledge.

        22                      Automatic weapons are illegal,

        23       not just by state law but by federal law.  You











                                                             
2817

         1       can only get them in certain very restricted

         2       situations -- and in many cases you can't get

         3       them at all -- for very restricted licensing for

         4       certain very restricted persons.  In other

         5       words, you and I couldn't get them because they

         6       are not legal any place in this country.

         7                      That's why the media always

         8       confuses semi-automatic weapons with automatic

         9       weapons.  The weapons that have been used, the

        10       high-powered weapons used are not the kind of

        11       weapons that are used, for instance, to rob

        12       banks and some of these terrorists use.  Those

        13       are not allowed.  They are illegal already.  The

        14       only reason I point that out -- and I should

        15       point out that I'm not a gun nut, by any means.

        16       I don't have all sorts of guns like many people

        17       have, you must realize.  To say that we can

        18       solve the crime problem in New York City or any

        19       city in the state by merely restricting the use

        20       of innocent people to use guns, I think just

        21       doesn't hold water, and it's never been proven.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        23       Gold.











                                                             
2818

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         2       The only reference I want to make to Waco,

         3       Senator Volker, and I understand the way it was

         4       used by Senator Stavisky, but I wasn't going to

         5       bring it up, but you made me think of it

         6       because, Senator, if you read the newspaper

         7       stories, one of them that I read, that reference

         8       to a device called the "hell fire".

         9                      It's a device which costs about

        10       20 or $30 and, if you put it behind the trigger

        11       of a semi-automatic weapon, it would allow you

        12       to fire that weapon as fast as if the weapon was

        13       fully automatic and, as I need to tell you, I

        14       mean if the result is the same the name

        15       doesn't mean anything; and they pointed out that

        16       the interesting thing was they used this by

        17       name.

        18                      I found out about the "hell fire"

        19       because in doing the work I do with guns, I buy

        20       some of these gun magazines to see what's

        21       around, and apparently in America everybody who

        22       is a gun type person knows about this, and it

        23       goes on the weapon in literally minutes.  I











                                                             
2819

         1       bought one and took it over to the State Police

         2       so they could see what it looked like, and so

         3       when you say that this is legal and that's legal

         4       and not legal, the "hell fire" is so American,

         5       through magazines, it's touted as being legal

         6       because theoretically you have not converted the

         7       weapon, but you can fire that weapon as quickly

         8       with the "hell fire" as if it was automatic.

         9                      Senator, when you say New York

        10       City has these rigid gun lawns but we have such

        11       a terrible crime problem, let me tell you what

        12       the problem is, Senator Volker.  It's you.  It's

        13       upstate New York.  It's Connecticut -- not

        14       Connecticut, it's Vermont, it's Florida.

        15                      I mean we have a situation where

        16       we are trying to regulate guns in the city, but

        17       as I showed in some of the buying that I do and

        18       have done, you walk across our border and in

        19       literally five or ten minutes, you walk out with

        20       a Mosberg shotgun, an AK-47.  I mean the people

        21       in Albany can sell me the AK-47 in ten minutes.

        22       It was incredible.  I don't know the first thing

        23       about the gun, and I walk out with the AK-47 and











                                                             
2820

         1       two clips, et cetera, et cetera.

         2                      Not only that, Senator Volker,

         3       you talk about buying guns in New York and,

         4       yeah, you can go on the streets of New York, you

         5       can go on the streets around the state and buy

         6       handguns illegally for a few hundred dollars

         7       but, Senator Volker, forget about that.  That's

         8        -- that's you and I talkin' at a cocktail

         9       party.

        10                      You know what goes on in this

        11       state? This is what goes on.  These are

        12       photographs I took less than three weeks ago

        13       right up here in Albany at the State Police.

        14       You don't have to go in the streets of New

        15       York.  All you have to do is go to Service

        16       Merchandise, like I did, for $69 you get a shot

        17       gun, you take two saw cuts and you got a weapon

        18       that they're using in the 7-11s, et cetera,

        19       which is as -- almost as small as a handgun.

        20       This one was about 13 inches long, fits under

        21       your coat.  They've got a whole cadre of altered

        22       weapons.

        23                      So, Senator, you talk about New











                                                             
2821

         1       York City.  Don't blame us for everything.  You

         2       can't buy these weapons in New York City without

         3       a license.  You can't alter a shotgun or a rifle

         4       in New York City.  You can't -- you can't get

         5       it.  You can't get the weapon in order to alter

         6       it.

         7                      Now, you're right, Senator

         8       Volker, these guns have been altered illegally,

         9       but we're talking about a criminal element any

        10       way.  But in New York City, you can't buy the

        11       weapon in order to alter it.  You've got to go

        12       to Nassau, Suffolk, Westchester and around the

        13       state.  So stop blaming New York City with its

        14       gun laws.  We're trying.

        15                      The problem is that, if you go

        16       five minutes out of the city and buy all this

        17       weaponry, read the advertisements in our New

        18       York City newspapers, dragging people into

        19       Nassau County for all the gun bargains.

        20                      Now, Senator, I was wondering.

        21       The big hype that they -- that they have, for

        22       example, the shotgun in this photograph, they

        23       sell to women and they say, You don't want your











                                                             
2822

         1       wife to have a pistol, you know, for insurance

         2       in the house.  Give her one of these pistol grip

         3       shotguns and she'll blow away whoever is in the

         4       house.

         5                      I say to myself, it's terrific

         6       advertising, but is anybody really doing this?

         7       And the first thing I found out is, it's really

         8       hard to get numbers on whether anybody really is

         9       firing and protecting themselves with these

        10       guns.  There's a guy down in Florida whom I am

        11       trying to hire as my accountant because he's

        12       come up with such outrageously ridiculous

        13       figures on the number of people that are using

        14       guns in America, I figure maybe he can do

        15       something with my budget, I don't know.

        16                      But I got a letter here two weeks

        17       ago from the police commissioner of the city of

        18       New York, and this letter really is interest

        19       ing.  First of all, how many times have I heard

        20       on this floor that it isn't the people with the

        21       licenses that commit crimes.  They -- you know

        22       what I mean, that they are crime-free; it's the

        23       other guy.











                                                             
2823

         1                      Well, Senator, I will acknowledge

         2       that most of the people who commit crimes, the

         3       overwhelming number that commit crimes are not

         4       your licensees.  But Senator, in 1992, 60

         5       licensees were arrested to begin with, with

         6       unlawful possession of weapons and 59 of them

         7       were arrested committing felonies with firearms,

         8       so it's not exactly like nobody who -- who gets

         9       a license ever commits a crime.  In terms of -

        10                      SENATOR VOLKER:  Mr. President.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  No, I won't

        12       yield.

        13                      In terms of the numbers of

        14       crimes -

        15                      SENATOR VOLKER:  Senator.

        16                      SENATOR GOLD:  No, I won't

        17       yield.

        18                      Senator, in terms of the numbers

        19       of crimes in New York, I will acknowledge to you

        20       that 60 possessions and 59 felonies is not the

        21       thing, but on the other hand let's not make the

        22       silly argument on the other hand that everybody

        23       who gets a gun license is exempt from committing











                                                             
2824

         1       crime.  It is not true.  It just isn't true.

         2                      Another figure which I think

         3       would be very interesting: New York is a city of

         4       millions of people, and there are a lot of guns

         5       in New York City, legal guns, and a lot of

         6       illegal guns.  In calendar year 1992, the total

         7       number of incidents where a licensee actually

         8       discharged a firearm to protect themselves was

         9       49.  49.

        10                      I mean I -- I have no problem

        11       with an individual who wants to carry a gun and

        12       they feel safer and, if they are a proper person

        13       to have a gun, that's O.K. with me, but let's

        14       put it in perspective.  We don't have people all

        15       over this city of New York grabbing their guns

        16       to protect themselves, their houses and

        17       everything else.  Burglars like empty houses.

        18       They don't like houses where they get shot at.

        19                      The problem, Senator, I think, is

        20       a very obvious one, and I spoke about it on an

        21       earlier bill today.  I know a situation in the

        22       city of New York, Senator Volker, where a man

        23       was charged with actually shooting somebody, not











                                                             
2825

         1       having a gun, actually shooting someone.  The

         2       circumstances of that shooting were ridiculous,

         3       impossible, and in my opinion the person should

         4       not have been convicted, but the person did get

         5       convicted.  A judge found that the individual

         6       not only had a gun but he fired it at a human

         7       being, injured the human being.  I don't know

         8       why the guy went to trial.  The sentence was

         9       less than three months.  Three months, Senator

        10       Volker.

        11                      Now, if you read this law as I -

        12       the strictest gun laws in the state, if you have

        13       mere possession of a gun, you go to jail for a

        14       year puh-puh!.  Puh-puh!  A year no less,

        15       possession shooting somebody.

        16                      Senator, the problems, we know

        17       the problems.  They're in the courts.  It is not

        18        -- we're not going to solve the crime problem

        19       and -- God bless you.  We're not going to solve

        20       the crime problem in New York by just opening

        21       up the marketplace to more and more guns.  I

        22       mean let's at least in this chamber look each

        23       other in the eye and try to have a little logic











                                                             
2826

         1       to what we're talking about.

         2                      Now, lastly, Senator Volker, I

         3       want to say this: I think that there are some

         4       very, very fine people who want to carry a gun

         5       that never had any trouble in their lives and

         6       probably should be able to get a gun a lot

         7       easier than it is in the state of New York

         8       today.

         9                      But there's another side of the

        10       coin, Senator.  The people who have the

        11       political power in this state, the NRA, and I

        12       acknowledge publicly that political power, don't

        13       want to talk about anything.  I have meetings

        14       with them on little issues, little things like

        15       having to take a class before you get a gun.

        16       You have to take a class before you get a

        17       driver's license.  You have to take a class

        18       before you get a hunting license but, if you

        19       want to kill human beings in your house, then

        20       you don't need a class.  They'll tell me, no,

        21       there's a crack in the door.

        22                      The day after they have a

        23       meeting I'll start to get private phone calls











                                                             
2827

         1       and people say, You have a good idea.  Well,

         2       help me with it.  Well, we can't come out and

         3       say it.  A simple thing like a waiting period

         4       for rifles and shotguns.  Simple.  There are

         5       some people out on Long Island who would be

         6       alive today with a waiting period.  There are

         7       some students on a campus in Massachusetts who

         8       would be alive today if there was a waiting

         9       period.

        10                      So what I'm saying, Senator, is

        11       there's a huge credibility gap.  The NRA says to

        12       everybody in -- that they have influence over,

        13       that they're afraid of every little crack in the

        14       door.  Well, if you can't have any legitimate

        15       negotiations on the one side, why should there

        16       be negotiation on the other?

        17                      So the only thing we're left

        18       with, Senator Volker, is why should we make it

        19       easier to help people -- honest, legitimate

        20       people, get the handguns when that same

        21       organization won't help us on the other side

        22       bring some meaningful easy legislation in that

        23       would save lives?











                                                             
2828

         1                      Now, Senator Volker, I admit to

         2       you that some place in America, there was an

         3       individual who woke up in the morning, planned

         4       to do 85 other things, decided to go hunting,

         5       didn't have a gun and had to get a license.  But

         6       that's not what happens all over the place.  If

         7       people are going to go hunting and they don't

         8       have guns, they got a day or two.  It's not so

         9       terrible to say to somebody, you goin' to go

        10       hunting, you'll buy your guns three days before

        11       or five days.

        12                      None of these ideas I've spoken

        13       about or other people have spoken about, the

        14       Brady bill in Washington, none of these are

        15       terrible, but you can't get anybody to talk

        16       about them and, Senator, if the only -- if the

        17       only thing they want to discuss are bills like

        18       yours, there's never going to be a resolution.

        19                      So, Senator Volker, I said as

        20       I've said so many times before, that you come to

        21       this floor with a pure heart but, Senator,

        22       you're going to have the honor of carrying this

        23       bill for more years because the entire subject











                                                             
2829

         1       has to be dealt with and nobody wants to deal

         2       with the entire subject.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Read the

         4       last section.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         6       act shall take effect on the 1st day of

         7       November.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        12       Montgomery to explain her vote.

        13                      SENATOR MONTGOMERY:  Yes, thank

        14       you, Mr. President.  To explain my vote.

        15                      I wanted to, just for the record,

        16       correct Senator Volker who says accurately that

        17        -- not inaccurately, I believe, excuse me, that

        18       this will -- removing guns from the streets will

        19       not deal with the crime issue and, while I agree

        20       with that, I do not accept that fully, but even

        21       if I accept the premise that removing guns will

        22       not eliminate the crime problem, it certainly

        23       will eliminate the problem that we have of











                                                             
2830

         1       children killing children, innocent bystanders

         2       being killed accidentally on the streets who

         3       have nothing whatsoever to do with crime,

         4       children being killed in school and New York

         5       City having to spend millions of dollars for

         6       detectors so that students can be -- can go

         7       through a metal detector before entering school,

         8       and on and on.

         9                      So while it's not the final

        10       solution, I think it is a very important issue

        11       for us to resolve, and that is to remove this

        12       level of violence from the streets so that

        13       innocent people won't have to fear for their

        14       lives, and we can deal with the other crime.

        15       I'm certainly happy to work with you for many

        16       years to come on that.  But this, I think, we

        17       can do right now.

        18                      And, Senator Volker, I wish you

        19       would consider that as you look to expand the

        20       availability of guns in this state and in the

        21       City.

        22                      I'm voting no.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Results.











                                                             
2831

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

         2       the negative on Calendar Number 460 are Senators

         3       Connor, Gold, Halperin, Jones, Leichter, Marchi,

         4       Markowitz, Masiello, Montgomery, Nolan,

         5       Ohrenstein, Onorato, Oppenheimer, Paterson,

         6       Smith, Solomon, Stavisky and Waldon, also

         7       Senator Dollinger.  Ayes 40, nays 19.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  The bill

         9       is passed.

        10                      We'll return to reports of

        11       standing committees.

        12                      SENATOR MARKOWITZ:  Mr.

        13       President.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        15       Markowitz.

        16                      SENATOR MARKOWITZ:  Yes.  With

        17       the permission of the President, I'd like to

        18       vote in the negative on Calendar Number 455.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        20       objection.

        21                      Reports of standing committee.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Maltese,

        23       from the Committee on Crime Victims, Crime and











                                                             
2832

         1       Corrections, reports the following bill directly

         2       for third reading:

         3                      Senate Bill Number 4651, by the

         4       Senate Committee on Rules, an act to amend

         5       Chapter 79 of the Laws of 1989, amending the

         6       Correction Law and other laws.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

         8       objection, third reading calendar.

         9                      Senator Kuhl.

        10                      SENATOR KUHL:  Yes, Mr.

        11       President.  On page -- excuse me.  On page 26 I

        12       offer the following amendments to Calendar

        13       Number 395, Senate Print 3414, and ask that said

        14       bill retain its place on the Third Reading

        15       Calendar.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:

        17       Amendments received and adopted.  So ordered.

        18                      SENATOR KUHL:  Thank you.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        20       Velella.

        21                      SENATOR VELELLA:  Yesterday I was

        22       out of the chamber when Calendar Number 132,

        23       Senate Print 1938, was voted on.  Had I been











                                                             
2833

         1       present, I would have voted no, and I'd like the

         2       record to so reflect with unanimous consent.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

         4       objection, Senator Velella.

         5                      Senator Present.

         6                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

         7       can we stand at ease for a moment.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  At ease

         9       for a moment.

        10                      SENATOR PRESENT: Or two.  Or two.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Senator

        13       Mendez.

        14                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  May I be

        15       recorded in the negative on Calendar Number

        16       460.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT MEGA:  Without

        18       objection.

        19                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Thank you.

        20                      SENATOR GOLD:  Wait a minute,

        21       wait a minute.

        22                      (Whereupon the Senate stood at

        23       ease. )











                                                             
2834

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         2       Present.

         3                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Yes, Mr.

         4       President.  I'd like to announce there will be a

         5       Majority Conference tomorrow at 11:00 a.m.

         6       promptly.  There being no further business, I

         7       move we adjourn until tomorrow at 11:30.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The

         9       Senate will stand adjourned until tomorrow at

        10       11:30.

        11                      (Whereupon at 6:10 p.m., the

        12       Senate adjourned. )

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