Regular Session - March 14, 1994

                                                                 
1143

         1

         2

         3

         4

         5

         6

         7

         8

         9

        10                       ALBANY, NEW YORK

        11                        March 14, 1994

        12                           3:32 p.m.

        13

        14

        15                        REGULAR SESSION

        16

        17

        18

        19       SENATOR NICHOLAS A. SPANO, Acting President

        20       STEPHEN F. SLOAN, Secretary

        21

        22

        23











                                                             
1144

         1                        P R O C E E D I N G S

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senate

         3       will come to order.

         4                      Please rise for the Pledge of

         5       Allegiance to the Flag.

         6                      (Whereupon, the Senate joined in

         7       the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

         8                      For our prayer today, we have the

         9       Executive Director of the United Jewish

        10       Organizations of Williamsburg in Brooklyn, Rabbi

        11       David Niederman.

        12                      RABBI DAVID NIEDERMAN:

        13       Distinguished members of the Senate of our great

        14       state of New York.  The Bible tells us (quoting

        15       in Hebrew), which means that the heart of kings

        16       and rulers are in the hands of God.

        17                      What does it mean?

        18                      God gave the ability to a person

        19       that he can do whatever he wants; but if the

        20       well being of others depends on what you are

        21       doing or not doing, then God himself is looking

        22       upon you.

        23                      And I hope and pray that God











                                                             
1145

         1       gives you the wisdom and strength to lead this

         2       important body for the well being of all of New

         3       York State.

         4                      Amen.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Thank

         6       you, Rabbi.

         7                      Reading of the Journal.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  In Senate,

         9       Friday, March 11.  The Senate met pursuant to

        10       adjournment.  Senator Bruno in the chair upon

        11       designation of the Temporary President.  The

        12       Journal of Thursday, March 10, was read and

        13       approved.  On motion, Senate adjourned.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Hearing

        15       no objection, the Journal stands approved as

        16       read.

        17                      Presentation of petitions.

        18                      Messages from the Assembly.

        19                      Messages from the Governor.

        20                      Communications and reports.

        21                      Motions and resolutions.

        22                      Senator Farley.

        23                      SENATOR FARLEY:  Thank you, Mr.











                                                             
1146

         1       President.  On behalf of Senator Velella, on

         2       page 9, I offer the following amendments to

         3       Calendar 62, Print Number 6398, and I ask that

         4       bill retain its place on the Third Reading

         5       Calendar.

         6                      I don't think my mike is plugged

         7       in.  Can you hear me?

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  We got

         9       you, Senator Farley.

        10                      SENATOR FARLEY:  On behalf of

        11       Senator Volker, on page 12, I offer the

        12       following amendments to Calendar Number 258,

        13       Senate Print 1142, and I ask that that bill

        14       retain its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  So

        16       ordered.

        17                      SENATOR FARLEY:  On behalf of

        18       Senator Libous, Mr. President, I move that the

        19       following bills be discharged from their

        20       respective committees and be recommitted with

        21       instructions to strike the enacting clause:

        22       Senate Print Numbers 2344B, 3693, 4001, 4088.

        23                      And I -











                                                             
1147

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: So

         2       ordered.

         3                      Any other motions, resolutions,

         4       substitutions?

         5                      Senator Kuhl.

         6                      SENATOR KUHL:  Yes, Mr.

         7       President.  On behalf of Senator Levy, on page

         8       10, Calendar Number 168, Senate Print 5435B,

         9       would you place a sponsor star on that, please.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Star will

        11       be placed at the request of the sponsor.

        12                      Secretary will read the

        13       substitutions.

        14                      THE SECRETARY: On page 5, Senator

        15       Nozzolio moves to discharge the Committee on

        16       Elections from Assembly Bill Number 5631 and

        17       substitute it for the identical Calendar Number

        18       340.

        19                      Also on page 5, Senator Nozzolio

        20       moves to discharge the Committee on Elections

        21       from Assembly Bill Number 6312A and substitute

        22       it for the identical Calendar Number 341.

        23                      On page 9, Senator Stafford moves











                                                             
1148

         1       to discharge the Committee on Local Government

         2       from Assembly Bill Number 4490C and substitute

         3       it for the identical Third Reading 134.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

         5       Substitutions ordered.

         6                      Senator Johnson, do you wish

         7       to -

         8                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Mr. President.

         9       As long as you called upon me -- I feel honored

        10        -- I should respond in kind.

        11                      It might be a bit premature, but

        12       on page 14, I'd like to place a sponsor star on

        13       Calendar Number 285, Print Number 4369A.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Bill is

        15       starred at the request of the sponsor.  Nice to

        16       hear from you, Senator Johnson.

        17                      Senator Present.

        18                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

        19       Would you recognize Senator Daly.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        21       Daly.

        22                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President.

        23       You have a resolution at the desk -











                                                             
1149

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Yes, we

         2       do, Senator Daly.

         3                      SENATOR DALY:  -- commemorating

         4       St. Patrick's Day.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

         6       Secretary will read the title of the resolution.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Legislative

         8       Resolution, by Senator Daly and others, honoring

         9       St. Patrick and all Irish Americans upon the

        10       occasion of the 1994 celebration of St.

        11       Patrick's Day.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        13       Daly.

        14                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President.

        15       Since the departure and demise of our great

        16       friend, Senator James Donovan, I have been given

        17       the opportunity and privilege of presenting this

        18       resolution on St. Patrick's Day to my colleagues

        19       in the Senate.

        20                      And I think that it is

        21       appropriate that I was given this opportunity,

        22       because I am what my mother would call a narrow

        23       back.  Now, Mr. President, a narrow back is a











                                                             
1150

         1       first-generation American, one who is born of

         2       immigrant parents from Ireland.

         3                      And I'm very, very proud to be

         4       able to call myself a narrow back because, Mr.

         5       President, when I think about St. Patrick's Day

         6       I think about a day when not only do we have the

         7       opportunity to celebrate, have some fun, but,

         8       more importantly, I consider St. Patrick's Day

         9       an atmosphere, an ambiance, a feeling, of

        10       commradery and conviviality and friendship, when

        11       we can all get together and enjoy each other in

        12       a peaceful and fun-loving way.

        13                      And I speak not only of the Irish

        14       Americans but everyone because, as I said, it is

        15       an atmosphere.  It is an ambiance in which

        16       everyone joins in.

        17                      And the fact that we celebrate

        18       St. Patrick's Day also must remind us of the

        19       many contributions made by those of Irish

        20       lineage but, more importantly, the opportunity

        21       and freedom that this great nation, which

        22       accepted them and millions of other immigrants

        23       from other nations -- the freedom and











                                                             
1151

         1       opportunity to achieve what they achieved.

         2                      And, again, I speak from personal

         3       experience because, as I said, Mr. President, I

         4       am a first-generation American whose parents

         5       were born in Ireland, both of whom came out in

         6       the 1920s.  My father drove a bus for forty

         7       years, Fifth Avenue bus, charter member of the

         8       Transport Workers Union, six children, five

         9       survived, and every one of those had the

        10       opportunity to go to college, to proceed beyond

        11       college, and I'm very proud to say I have been

        12       quite successful in life.

        13                      And I always ask myself, Mr.

        14       President, where in the world -- where in the

        15       world could my parents or other parents or

        16       grandparents or great-grandparents of many who

        17       are in this chamber -- where could they have

        18       gone to receive the opportunities, the

        19       acceptance, that this country afforded them.

        20                      And so as we celebrate that great

        21       feast of St. Patrick, when all of us will join

        22       in, hopefully, later on, to recognize that day

        23       but, more importantly, to recognize each other











                                                             
1152

         1       and the friendships that we have, let us also

         2       remember what this great nation, which

         3       demonstrates through the fact that St. Patrick's

         4       Day is celebrated here, has given to so many of

         5       us, to so many of our descendants and for so

         6       many of those who preceded us.

         7                      Thank you, Mr. President.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Senator

         9       Farley.

        10                      SENATOR FARLEY: Thank you, Mr.

        11       President.

        12                      You know, for a legislative

        13       narrow back, I think it's most appropriate that

        14       you carry this resolution.

        15                      Incidentally, let me define where

        16       the word "narrow back" came from.   That was the

        17       child of an immigrant from Ireland.  They

        18       weren't going to be using the wheelbarrow and

        19       carrying the hod.  They were going to be

        20       educated and turn out like fine young men like

        21       Senator Daly.

        22                      But, you know, St. Patrick's Day

        23        -- only in the Legislature could we be











                                                             
1153

         1       celebratifg it on 4he 14th of March and,

         2       incidentally, the Irish legislators are having

         3       their affair tonight, and you are all welcome,

         4       and we hope to see you there.  Of course,

         5       Thursday is St. Patrick's Day, the 17th, but

         6       we're celebrating a little bit early.  That's

         7       why some of the people forgot to wear their

         8       green today.

         9                      But let me on behalf of all the

        10       Irish Americans not only in the Legislature wish

        11       everybody a happy St. Patrick's Week.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Question

        13       on the resolution. All those in favor, signify

        14       by saying aye.

        15                      (Response of "Aye.")

        16                      Those opposed, nay.

        17                      (There was no response.)

        18                      The resolution is adopted.

        19                      Senator Daly.

        20                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President.

        21       Will you keep the resolution open at the desk to

        22       any who wishes to join us.  We certainly welcome

        23       them, and we encourage them to do so.











                                                             
1154

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  We

         2       certainly will.

         3                      Senator Present.

         4                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

         5       I would like to request unanimous consent that

         6       Calendar 329 be advanced from second report to

         7       third reading.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Without

         9       objection, so ordered.

        10                      Senator Saland.

        11                      SENATOR SALAND:  Mr. President.

        12       I would like to star a bill, my bill, 6338A,

        13       Calendar 302.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Calendar

        15       302 is starred at the request of the sponsor.

        16                      Senator Nozzolio.

        17                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr.

        18       President.  On behalf of Senator Levy, I would

        19       like to star Bill Number 168 -- Calendar Number

        20       168, Bill Number S.5435B.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  That

        22       motion was made previously, Senator, but it will

        23       be starred.











                                                             
1155

         1                      Senator Present.

         2                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

         3       Let's take up the noncontroversial calendar,

         4       please.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

         6       Secretary will read noncontroversial calendar.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 9,

         8       Calendar Number 13, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill

         9       Number 1313, an act to amend the Penal Law.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        12       aside.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        14       88, by Senator Levy.

        15                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        16       for the day.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        18       aside for the day.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        20       134, substituted earlier today, by member of the

        21       Assembly Ortloff.

        22                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it











                                                             
1156

         1       aside.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         3       141, by Senator Stafford, Senate Bill Number

         4       6318.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside,

         6       please.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         8       aside.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        10       143, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        11       6315B, an act to amend the Election Law, in

        12       relation to false registration.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside for

        14       Senator Connor, please.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        16       aside.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       144, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        19       6316A, an act to amend the Election Law, in

        20       relation to giving consideration for franchise.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        22       last section.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This











                                                             
1157

         1       act shall take effect immediately.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 46.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       145, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        10       6332C.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  Please lay it

        12       aside for Senator Connor.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        14       aside.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       146, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        17       6336B.

        18                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        20       aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       147, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        23       6527B, State Board of Elections to conduct a











                                                             
1158

         1       special study to combat -

         2                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside for

         3       Senator Connor, please.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         5       aside.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       181, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number 1424.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        10       aside.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       242.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        15       aside.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       260, by Senator Farley, Senate Bill Number 1664,

        18       Judiciary Law, in relation to the

        19       disqualification of jurors.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        21       last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY: Section 2.  This

        23       act shall take effect immediately.











                                                             
1159

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Call the

         2       roll.

         3                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         4                      THE SECRETARY: Ayes 43.  Nays 3.

         5       Senators Galiber, Gold and Mendez recorded in

         6       the negative.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: The bill

         8       is passed.

         9                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        10       261, by Senator Daly, Senate Bill Number 4583B,

        11       Real Property Law, in relation to establishing a

        12       New York State Real Estate Board.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD: Lay it aside.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Lay it

        15       aside.

        16                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        17       265, by Senator Levy.

        18                      SENATOR PRESENT: Lay it aside for

        19       the day.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Lay it

        21       aside for the day.

        22                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        23       274, by Senator LaValle, Senate Bill Number











                                                             
1160

         1       2672, Education Law.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Local

         3       fiscal impact note is at the desk.

         4                      Read the last section.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         6       act shall take effect immediately.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

         8       roll.

         9                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 44.  Nays 2.

        11         Senators Montgomery and Onorato recorded in

        12       the negative.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        14       is passed.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       276, by Senator Skelos.

        17                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        18       for the day.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Lay it

        20       aside for the day.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       279.

        23                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.











                                                             
1161

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         2       aside.

         3                      SENATOR STAVISKY:  Mr. President.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Senator

         5       Stavisky.

         6                      SENATOR STAVISKY:  May I be

         7       recorded as voting in the negative on Calendar

         8       274.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: 274,

        10       without objection.

        11                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        12       280, by Senator Marino.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD: Lay it aside.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Lay it

        15       aside.

        16                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        17       281, by Senator -

        18                      SENATOR GOLD: Lay it aside.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Lay it

        20       aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        22       293, by Senator Levy.

        23                      SENATOR GOLD: Lay it aside.











                                                             
1162

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         2       aside.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       295, by Senator Tully, Senate Bill Number 776,

         5       an act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

         6       the calculation of terms.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         9       aside.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        11       304, by Senator Goodman, Senate Bill Number

        12       1622B, Social Services Law.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        14       last section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        16       act shall take effect immediately.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

        18       roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 48.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        22       Present that completes the -- I'm sorry, one

        23       more.











                                                             
1163

         1                      The bill is passed.

         2                      Secretary will read Calendar 329.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 8,

         4       advanced to third reading earlier today,

         5       Calendar Number 329, by Senator LaValle, Senate

         6       Bill Number 6806A, an act to amend the Education

         7       Law.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

         9       last section.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        11       act shall take effect immediately.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

        13       roll.

        14                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 48.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        17       is passed.

        18                      Senator Present.

        19                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Controversial

        20       calendar, please.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

        22       Secretary will read the controversial calendar.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 9,











                                                             
1164

         1       Calendar Number 13, by Senator Levy.

         2                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

         3       temporarily.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         5       aside.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       134, substituted earlier today, by member of the

         8       Assembly Ortloff.

         9                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        10                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        11       temporarily.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        13       aside temporarily.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       141, by Senator Stafford.

        16                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        17                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        18       temporarily.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        20       aside.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       143, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        23       6315B, Election Law, in relation to false











                                                             
1165

         1       registration.

         2                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Explanation.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         4       Nozzolio.

         5                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Thank you, Mr.

         6       President.

         7                      My colleagues.  The bill before

         8       us is one of a series of five bills, one of

         9       which we passed, which came forth as a result of

        10       the Senate Elections Committee investigation

        11       into voter irregularity, fraud and abuse in New

        12       York City.

        13                      This measure along with measures

        14       that we will also pass today gets to the heart

        15       of voter manipulation and voter fraud in an

        16       effort to expand our oversight, expand the

        17       public's right to know and accountability of

        18       candidates and at the same time close some

        19       loopholes in the law which exist which allow

        20       abuses to be forth in the voter process.

        21                      This bill before us amends the

        22       Election Law, in relation to false registration;

        23       that in our investigations, we found Board of











                                                             
1166

         1       Elections officials entering into the system

         2       thousands of unsigned voter registration cards.

         3       That's akin to a bank cashing thousands of

         4       unsigned checks.  Accountability and

         5       responsibility for those actions we believe

         6       rests in the hands of those who issued orders to

         7       make legal what is illegal, and this measure

         8       provides that any election official who engages

         9       in such blatantly illegal conduct, blatantly

        10       unethical conduct, shall be guilty of a felony.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO: Senator

        12       Connor.

        13                      SENATOR CONNOR: Thank you, Mr.

        14       President.  I see the bill has been amended

        15       since it came up in committee.  And my concerns

        16       in committee were that the prior version said

        17       that any employee who accepts a registration was

        18       guilty of a felony; and, of course, this would

        19       call into question exactly what that meant.

        20       Obviously, some clerk at the counter accepts

        21       anything in the normal sense of the word.  If

        22       something is handed in, they take it and they

        23       clock it in.











                                                             
1167

         1                      In fact, there are cases that say

         2       what constitutes acceptance -- for example, of a

         3       petition or whatever.  That doesn't mean the

         4       person ends up on the rolls.

         5                      My objection was that the crime

         6       ought to go to placing an invalid registration,

         7       registrant upon the rolls of voters.

         8                      While I think the language

         9       improves or causes to be improved, it is perhaps

        10       a little vague.  It is really not so bad as the

        11       prior language.

        12                      The only thing I would point out

        13       is, and I invite anyone to read the entire

        14       transcript, but I think the events in New York

        15       City  were pretty well explained as an

        16       administrative foul-up.  And what I want

        17       everyone to be assured of is with the

        18       computerized system in New York City, even were

        19       by accident, for example, an unsigned buff card

        20       to be entered into the computer system, on the

        21       output when they print out the rolls for

        22       election day that would be caught and picked up

        23       and taken off the list, and such a person would











                                                             
1168

         1       have to -- if they did show up to vote, have to

         2       vote on an affidavit ballot, which would provide

         3       a signature and would subsequently have to be

         4       verified before the vote could be counted.

         5                      So while there was certainly an

         6       administrative foul-up with respect to

         7       processing in the Manhattan office, the fact of

         8       the matter is the system would have

         9       self-corrected.  The system now in place would

        10       correct for that and, in fact, that entire mess

        11       was cleared up administratively; so that

        12       contrary to fears that were raised about massive

        13       fraudulent voting, that didn't occur with

        14       respect to these buff cards.  The Scribe System

        15       does catch those things at a later step.

        16                      In view of the change in

        17       language, the only criticism I have in this bill

        18       is it's totally redundant.  The conduct it

        19       addresses is already illegal under existing

        20       law.  But if, for press release or any other

        21       reasons, the Senate wants to go ahead and pass

        22       laws making illegal conduct that's already

        23       illegal, I'm not going to waste the taxpayers'











                                                             
1169

         1       time and money debating about it.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

         3       last section.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         5       act shall take effect immediately.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

         7       roll.

         8                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 52.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        11       is passed.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       145, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        14       6332C, Election Law, in relation to expenditures

        15       by political committees.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        17       Nozzolio.

        18                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr.

        19       President.  This bill eliminates election day

        20       slush funds by political committees; that our

        21       committee in reviewing elections' practices

        22       statewide was also very concerned with the issue

        23       that we heard a great deal of publicity about in











                                                             
1170

         1       our neighboring state of New Jersey.

         2                      During the last gubernatorial

         3       campaign, a campaign consultant was guilty of

         4       foot in mouth disease and discussed what

         5       appeared to be some abuses relative to election

         6       day voter get out the vote turnout drives.

         7                      What we want to do with this

         8       measure is eliminate the large sums of cash to

         9       be distributed on election day by any political

        10       party or any candidate group supporting

        11       individual candidates by defining "street money"

        12       as money used on the day of election to induce a

        13       person to vote in a particular manner,

        14       broadening the definition of "political

        15       committees" as any persons or organizations

        16       which dispense money for election day

        17       activities, require financial disclosures to

        18       separate sections to those election day

        19       expenditures to be specifically itemized, and

        20       require that all election day expenditures which

        21       exceed $50 to be made by check as opposed to

        22       cash.

        23                      We think that further











                                                             
1171

         1       restrictions and confinements in reporting will

         2       put an end to the practice of abuse on election

         3       day where huge sums of money -- after an entire

         4       campaign of accountability, on election day that

         5       accountability basically has been thrown away to

         6       allow organizations to spend large sums of cash

         7       undefined, large sums of money without proper

         8       reporting.

         9                      Thank you, Mr. President.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        11       Connor.

        12                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Thank you, Mr.

        13       President.  Now, this is a perfect example of a

        14       bill that addresses a problem that doesn't exist

        15       in New York State.

        16                      As Senator Nozzolio said, there

        17       were some reports, which, if they were true,

        18       would have been absolutely outrageous, about

        19       conduct by Republican operatives in New Jersey,

        20       allegedly.

        21                      I haven't heard any problem in

        22       New York.  Let me explain to you, my colleagues,

        23       because this will affect each and every one of











                                                             
1172

         1       you in campaigns, what present law permits and

         2       what present law does not permit.

         3                      Present law does not permit any

         4       expenditure in excess of $100 without a check by

         5       the committee.  It used to be $50.  In 1974,

         6       when the statute was first passed, it was $50.

         7       We raised it.

         8                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr. President.

         9                      SENATOR CONNOR:  No, I won't

        10       yield at this present time.

        11                      Thank you, Mr. President.

        12                      We raised it a few years ago.

        13                      I will not yield.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  We have

        15       to let him ask it, first.

        16                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr. President.

        17         Will the distinguished broad-minded and

        18       open-minded Ranking Minority member of the

        19       Elections Committee yield?

        20                      SENATOR CONNOR: Not at the

        21       present time, Mr. President.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The

        23       gentleman refuses to yield.











                                                             
1173

         1                      SENATOR CONNOR:  I will be happy

         2       to yield at the conclusion of my remarks.

         3                      We raised it to $100.  Because,

         4       you know what?  Fifty bucks today isn't what it

         5       was in 1974.

         6                      Now, what can you do on election

         7       day?  You can spend amounts of $100 if you pay

         8       check for any reason:  Hire people, buy

         9       literature, buy doughnuts, coffee, whatever.

        10                      What's this "street money"?  And

        11       the bill addresses -- the bill before us says,

        12        "Money to attempt to influence a person to

        13       vote."  I don't think the bill means you can

        14       write $50 checks to voters in return for their

        15       vote.  That is illegal, and it ought to be.  It

        16       is, and I hope it always will be in this state.

        17       So I don't know what it means to say, "Money to

        18       influence a people to vote."

        19                      What I know so-called street

        20       money is used for is to hire workers, to hire

        21       people to work at the polls.  Do they try to

        22       influence voters? Sure.  They give out

        23       literature.  That's what they do.  They knock on











                                                             
1174

         1       doors and remind people to vote.  They make

         2       phone calls and say, "Come out and vote."

         3                      Now, in the pure pristine world,

         4       why should you pay people?  They ought to

         5       volunteer.  That sounds great.  Go try it,

         6       particularly try it in parts of the state where

         7       people are unemployed, where people have no

         8       other job, where people are happy to work for a

         9       day from 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. handing out

        10       literature on a cold November afternoon or a

        11       warm September primary day for 60 or 70 or 80

        12       dollars, but they certainly -- it would be an

        13       insult to them not to recognize their time is

        14       worth something.

        15                      Go try it in working

        16       neighborhoods with working class people who

        17       punch a time clock and who don't get paid if

        18       they don't punch in at work.  Ask them to give

        19       up a day's pay and work election day; and not

        20       reimburse them?

        21                      That's the genesis of street

        22       money.  That's where it began, the so-called

        23       street money that I say the press and its











                                                             
1175

         1       accounts often misconstrues, because people in

         2       politics haven't educated well enough.

         3                      By and large, these election day

         4       expenditures are in two categories.  They go to

         5       reimburse people for things like gas money and

         6       transportation.  They go to pay workers, and

         7       they go to buy pizzas and doughnuts and coffee

         8       for election workers.

         9                      Now, what Senator Nozzolio's bill

        10       is saying is, order out pizzas for all your

        11       campaign workers on election day and give the

        12       corner pizza guy a check.  A check?  The

        13       printers won't take your uncertified check on

        14       election day.  Do you think the pizza guy is

        15       going to take it, the doughnut man is going to

        16       take a check for $120 for doughnuts and coffee

        17       on election day?  Wake up my colleagues.

        18                      This bill addresses a problem

        19       that doesn't exist.  It doesn't exist.  And let

        20       me tell you.  Go into the cities, villages and

        21       towns and pick up the unemployed or the worker

        22       who is going to miss a day's pay and hand him a

        23       check on election morning.  The people who are











                                                             
1176

         1       taking this work don't have checking accounts,

         2       by and large.  They can't go off to the bank and

         3       cash it.  And do you know what?  When the banks

         4       are closed on general election day, you're going

         5       to give them a check and tell them, "Go cash it

         6       tomorrow."

         7                      Regrettably, regrettably

         8       campaigns, particularly losing campaigns, are

         9       not the best debtors.  It sometimes takes them

        10       years to pay their bills.

        11                      What are we talking about here?

        12       What's the present law?  What can you do today?

        13       Give out hundreds of dollars in cash?  No, it's

        14       illegal.  Give out money or spend money on

        15       election day without reporting it?  No.  It's

        16       illegal under present law.

        17                      What you do today -- what you do

        18       today if you want to follow the law is you don't

        19       pay anyone more than $100.  Candidly, the going

        20       rate seems to be $75 -- seems to be $75 a day

        21       for a worker.

        22                      How do you get the money into the

        23       workers' hands.  It's simple.  The committee











                                                             
1177

         1       takes cash.  Very often cashes a check for a

         2       thousand or two.  It then gives it out in $75

         3       amounts, and the people sign their name and

         4       address, date, and so on, as a receipt.  The law

         5       requires that.

         6                      Now, while the law does not

         7       require itemization of expenditures under $100

         8       individually nor of contributions $99 or less -

         9       and I know people sometimes have $99 fund

        10       raisers -- it does require that your treasurer

        11       does keep a record in the permanent records of

        12       the committee of the names and addresses of

        13       every person who got a nickel.

        14                      That means if your committee

        15       treasurer gives 10 bucks to the doughnut man,

        16       you don't have to put the doughnut man's name

        17       and address and so on on your report.  Some

        18       people do it.  If you want, you can, but you do

        19       have to keep in the permanent records and every

        20       treasurer has to keep a book, an account book,

        21       the name and address of the doughnut man and the

        22       date he got the $10, and the Board of Elections

        23       can and does audit those records.  You can then











                                                             
1178

         1       report -- you can then report to the board $190

         2       in unitemized expense for doughnuts, but you

         3       have to have a record of every $10 or $15 and

         4       every day you spent them for doughnuts and

         5       coffee, and you have to have that in your

         6       records, and present law requires that.

         7                      This bill addresses something

         8       that's not a problem.  You can't take suitcases

         9       of cash and just give them out with no records

        10       and no reporting on election day.  If you have

        11       been doing that, if your committee has been

        12       doing that, I could recommend some lawyers

        13       because you may need them.  It's absolutely not

        14       legal today.

        15                      Now, the only effect of Senator

        16       Nozzolio's bill will be to lower the amount

        17       required by check to $50 and require itemization

        18       for expenditures in excess of $50 but no

        19       itemization below $50.  Doesn't make any sense.

        20       Why not change the whole statute then to a $50

        21       standard like it used to be 20 years ago.

        22                      What's the point of this?  I

        23       really just think this is an attempt to play to











                                                             
1179

         1       the press and say, "Oh, we're getting rid of

         2       street money."

         3                      What is street money?  It's lunch

         4       money.  It's pay for the worker, poor pay for

         5       the worker for the hard work, and it's just not

         6       realistic to say you can give checks to people

         7       on a day when the banks aren't even open and

         8       they can't cash them.

         9                      You know, historically, street

        10       money -- in the old days, it was $20.  It goes

        11       up as inflation goes up sometimes clubs give $50

        12       or $60 to their captain as lunch money for the

        13       workers in their precinct.  They can't even cash

        14       the check that day.  The bank's closed.

        15       Holiday.  November election.

        16                      This is just not a realistic

        17       bill.  It's a grandstanding, phony bill that

        18       addresses something that's just not a problem.

        19       Present law requires that you keep an itemized

        20       record.  Present law requires that you get

        21       signed receipts from anyone who gets any amount

        22       in cash less than $100.  Anybody who is getting

        23       more than $100 gets a check, but, you know,











                                                             
1180

         1       that's not what you're giving -- that's not

         2       lunch money any more.

         3                      What Senator Nozzolio is

         4       proposing is that lunch money has to be by

         5       check.  It's just not realistic.  And it is

         6       really subject to such subterfuge.  I mean think

         7       about what this bill doesn't address.  And I see

         8       we're on the C print.  You know, the B print, as

         9       I recollect -- after these very criticisms were

        10       made, the B print said, "Anything spent three

        11       days before the election up to election day."

        12       Now we're back to election day.

        13                      Do you want to get around this

        14       legally?  Do you want to really be beholden to

        15       big money?  Find somebody in your organization

        16       that can afford to show up at headquarters with

        17       $5,000 in cash on election morning, in a

        18       suitcase, and sit him at a desk out there, and

        19       have all the workers who get their $50 checks or

        20       $75 checks just see the man up front, endorse

        21       them, and get their cash.  What purpose?

        22                      That would be legal under Senator

        23       Nozzolio's bill.  What purpose is that, to











                                                             
1181

         1       suddenly make some guy that has $5,000 in a

         2       suitcase who is willing to cash all these checks

         3       suddenly a very important person?

         4                      Present law says that person with

         5       a suitcase full of money has no place in your

         6       campaign.  That your treasurer gets the cash and

         7       gets receipts as they give out the 50 or 60 or

         8       70 or 80 dollars to the people.  That's present

         9       law.

        10                      This law is absolutely phony.

        11       There are a million ways around it.  And I know

        12       Senator Nozzolio will say, of course, a smart

        13       lawyer can figure out ways around it.

        14                      Well, believe me, smart lawyers

        15       aren't half as good as smart candidates and

        16       political operatives.  The fact of the matter is

        17       I don't want that friendly guy who says, "I'll

        18       cash all your checks," involved in the

        19       campaign.

        20                      That is a person who will never

        21       be disclosed.  There will be no record of such

        22       person in the committee's records.  The board

        23       will never know he existed, yet, $5,000,











                                                             
1182

         1       $10,000, whatever, that could be a pretty

         2       influential person.  That's the kind of

         3       influence we don't want to have in campaigns.

         4       That's the kind of influence that this bill will

         5       result in.

         6                      This bill is a bad idea.  It

         7       addresses a problem that doesn't exist.  If

         8       people follow existing laws, it's all on

         9       record.  It's all there for the Board of

        10       Elections to look at, and if you don't keep the

        11       records, you've violated present law, and your

        12       treasurer or your committee's in trouble.

        13                      I just think this is foolish, and

        14       I urge a no vote.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        16       last section.

        17                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        19       Gold.

        20                      SENATOR GOLD:  I just really have

        21       one question because I think that the -- the

        22       surgical job done by Senator Connor was perfect,

        23       and I don't want to impose on that.  But if











                                                             
1183

         1       Senator Nozzolio will yield to one question?

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         3       Nozzolio?

         4                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Yes, Mr.

         5       President.

         6                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes.  Senator, on

         7       page 2, line 38, it says, "And in the case of

         8       election day expenditures...."  Is there any

         9       definition in the law of an election day

        10       expenditure?

        11                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  This measure

        12       adds a definition.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD:  Well, where is

        14       that?  Where is the definition of what an

        15       election day expenditure is?

        16                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Are you

        17       asking -- I'm sorry, Mr. Gold, I couldn't hear

        18       you.  Did you say you wanted a definition of

        19       street money or election day expenditure?

        20                      SENATOR GOLD:  No, Mr. Nozzolio,

        21       what I'm saying is, is there any definition in

        22       the Election Law of what a, quotes, "election

        23       day expenditure" is?











                                                             
1184

         1                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  The counsel

         2       advises me that election day expenditure is an

         3       expenditure, definitionally, made on election

         4       day.  There is one election day.  You spend

         5       money on election day that becomes an election

         6       day expenditure.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  Will Senator yield

         8       to one question?

         9                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Certainly.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  In other words,

        11       it's an expenditure made on election day -- made

        12       on election day.  So in other words, when all of

        13       the captains come to the club the day before

        14       election and they pass out $75,000 of street

        15       money or whatever you are saying, that is not an

        16       election day expenditure?

        17                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  I will answer

        18       that question, Senator, by referring to lines 3,

        19       4, 5 and 6 on page 1 of the bill. "That any

        20       payment made by a candidate of political

        21       committee to an individual for the purpose of

        22       using such money on the day of election to

        23       induce a person to vote."











                                                             
1185

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  It is called

         2       street money.  It's called street money.

         3                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  The purposes

         4       of this bill deal with those expenditures.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yeah.  Well,

         6       Senator, if you'll yield to a question.  The

         7       bill is not that long which gives us the

         8       opportunity to read it.  Some of them get very

         9       boring in their length, but.

        10                      It's true that you define street

        11       money on page 1.  But on page 2 at the end it

        12       says, "and in the case of election day

        13       expenditures."  It doesn't talk about in the

        14       case of street money.  It talks about, "in the

        15       case of election day expenditures."  Those are

        16       two different phrases aren't they?

        17                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  But show me

        18       the inconsistency.

        19                      SENATOR GOLD:  I just did.

        20                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  If you're

        21       trying to raise the question saying there's an

        22       inconsistency, Mr. Gold, show me where there is

        23       an inconsistency.











                                                             
1186

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Well, Senator -- I

         2       don't want to argue with you.  I think I made

         3       the point.  I don't understand how -

         4                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  I don't think

         5       you did make a point.  At least it's a point

         6       that's certainly very unclear to me.

         7                      SENATOR GOLD:  That is possible.

         8       Senator Connor, was the point clear to you?

         9                      SENATOR CONNOR:  (Reply

        10       inaudible).

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yeah, I think it's

        12       okay.  Thank you.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        14       last section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        16       act shall take effect immediately.

        17                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Slow roll call.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

        19       Secretary will call the slow roll call.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Babbush.

        21                      SENATOR BABBUSH:  No.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Bruno.

        23                      (There was no response.)











                                                             
1187

         1                      Senator Connor.

         2                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Mr. President.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         4       Connor to explain his vote.

         5                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Thank you.  To

         6       explain my vote.

         7                      My colleagues, I just say to you

         8       think about your own campaigns.  Think about $50

         9       checks on election morning to get someone to

        10       work or to reimburse someone for lunch.  Think

        11       about $75 checks, think about how that's going

        12       to go over.  Think about the paying the pizza

        13       man with a check when he delivers to one of your

        14       offices.

        15                      This bill is not practical.  It's

        16       not necessary.  Any possible abuses that have

        17       ever been alleged are already illegal under

        18       present law.  There is plenty we ought to do to

        19       make the Election Law better, fairer, to

        20       eliminate the influence of big money, to reform

        21       financing.

        22                      This little bill is not the

        23       answer.  I vote no.











                                                             
1188

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         2       Connor in the negative.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Cook.

         4                      SENATOR COOK:  Yes.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Daly.

         6                      SENATOR DALY:  Mr. President.

         7       Since my pizza man does accept a check, I vote

         8       yes.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        10       DeFrancisco.

        11                      SENATOR DeFRANCISCO:  Yes.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator DiCarlo.

        13                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Yes.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        15       Dollinger.

        16                      (There was no response.)

        17                      Senator Espada.

        18                      SENATOR ESPADA:  No.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Farley.

        20                      SENATOR FARLEY:  Aye.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Galiber.

        22                      SENATOR GALIBER:  No.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Gold.











                                                             
1189

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.  To

         2       explain my vote.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         4       Gold to explain his vote.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Senator Nozzolio,

         6       I am voting no because of the wisdom imparted on

         7       this body by Senator Connor in a very

         8       articulate, well-structured, intellectual

         9       manner.  But forgetting that for the moment,

        10       your bill does do something.  And, Senator

        11       Connor, be fair.  Be fair.  Your bill does do

        12       something that most bills don't do.

        13                      On page 1, as you pointed out, it

        14       defines street money; and then for the rest of

        15       the bill ignores the term.  So while it creates

        16       a definition, it is meaningless because nothing

        17       in the law applies to that definition; and that,

        18       Senator Nozzolio, is new and is unusual.

        19                      Now, you do talk about election

        20       day expenditures and don't define them.  So the

        21       bottom line, Senator Nozzolio, is not only do

        22       you try to correct a problem that doesn't

        23       exist.  You don't even correct a problem.











                                                             
1190

         1       Because you have one part of your bill dealing

         2       with something that is undefined and only deals

         3       with election day; and as you I pointed out to

         4       you, in the real world, most people to go a

         5       political club the day before and the night

         6       before.  And when it comes to street money,

         7       aside from giving this Legislature a definition

         8       of it, you then do nothing with it.

         9                      I vote no.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        11       Gold in the negative.  Continue the roll call.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        13       Gonzalez.

        14                      (There was no response.)

        15                      Senator Goodman.

        16                      SENATOR GOODMAN:  Yes.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Hannon.

        18                      SENATOR HANNON:  Yes.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        20       Hoffmann.

        21                      (There was no response.)

        22                      Senator Holland.

        23                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  Yes.











                                                             
1191

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Johnson.

         2                      SENATOR JOHNSON:  Aye.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Jones.

         4                      SENATOR JONES:  Yes.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Kruger.

         6                      SENATOR KRUGER:  No.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Kuhl.

         8                      SENATOR KUHL:  Yes.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Lack.

        10                      (There was no response.)

        11                      Senator Larkin.

        12                      (There was no response.)

        13                      Senator LaValle.

        14                      SENATOR LAVALLE:  Yes.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Leichter.

        16                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  No.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Levy.

        18                      SENATOR LEVY:  Aye.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Libous.

        20                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Aye.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Maltese.

        22                      SENATOR MALTESE:  Aye.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Marchi.











                                                             
1192

         1                      SENATOR MARCHI:  Aye.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Marino.

         3                      (Indicating aye.)

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Aye.  Senator

         5       Markowitz.

         6                      SENATOR MARKOWITZ:  No.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Mendez.

         8                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  No.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        10       Montgomery.

        11                      SENATOR MONTGOMERY:  Mr.

        12       President.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        14       Montgomery to explain her vote.

        15                      SENATOR MONTGOMERY:  Yes, to

        16       explain my vote very briefly, Mr. President.

        17                      As I read this bill, it says

        18       political committee, and I'm not sure if that

        19       includes all of the possibilities of people

        20       putting money into an election on election day.

        21       So that's one thing.  So while I certainly

        22       understand Senator Nozzolio's intent to try to

        23       deal with fraudulent use of money on election











                                                             
1193

         1       day, this does not cover all of the

         2       possibilities to begin with.

         3                      And, two, this bill would be

         4       very, very bad for my particular district and

         5       area, because it is -- the process of expending

         6       funds on election day to have people

         7       participate, especially, as Senator Connor

         8       pointed out, people who are unemployed, people

         9       who really look forward to having a little job

        10       on election day in relationship to the election,

        11       they have no intention of influencing anybody in

        12       an underhanded illegal manner.  They are just

        13       passing out palm cards.  They are just running

        14       around doing little political activities in

        15       relationship to an election on both sides, both

        16       candidates or all candidates involved.  It is a

        17       very open and public kind of activity.

        18                      And so I want to vote no, and I

        19       want to say to you that I think this is a very

        20       bad bill.  Because, one, it doesn't cover all

        21       the possibilities for expenditures of money; and

        22       two, it is going to make it extremely difficult

        23       for little people to participate in the











                                                             
1194

         1       electoral process in districts like mine around

         2       the state.

         3                      So I vote no.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         5       Montgomery in the negative.  Continue the roll

         6       call.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Nanula.

         8                      SENATOR NANULA:  No.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Nolan.

        10                      (There was no response.)

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        12       Nozzolio.

        13                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr.

        14       President.  To explain my vote.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        16       Nozzolio, to explain his vote.

        17                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  My colleagues.

        18       Let me tell you what this bill is not.  This

        19       bill does not prevent campaigns to hire the

        20       unemployed.  This bill does not prevent Senator

        21       Connor or anyone else to pay for pizzas by cash

        22       or check.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Excuse











                                                             
1195

         1       me, Senator Nozzolio.

         2                      Can we get some order in the

         3       chamber.  Please ask the members to take their

         4       seats so we can listen to Senator Nozzolio.

         5       Staff please take their conversations outside

         6       the chamber.

         7                      Senator Nozzolio.

         8                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Thank you, Mr.

         9       President.  What this bill does do is shed light

        10       on the heretofore dark situations that exist on

        11       election day where huge sums of money are spent

        12       without accountability to the voters, without so

        13       much as an itemization, that there are

        14       tremendous potential for abuse of large sums of

        15       cash on election day.  It's the same type of

        16       thing that has been chastised time and again by

        17       members of both sides of the aisle.  What we're

        18       asking you to do is put your rhetoric where your

        19       vote is and support a bill that discloses

        20       election day expenditures, that sheds light on

        21       how cash is distributed on election day.  It

        22       prevents election day abuses from taking place.

        23       That's all this bill does, and we hope that you











                                                             
1196

         1       will see the light and support it along with us.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         3       Nozzolio in the affirmative.

         4                      Continue the roll call.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

         6       Ohrenstein.

         7                      (Indicatyng nay.)

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  No.  Senator

         9       Onorato.

        10                      SENATOR ONORATO:  No.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        12       Oppenheimer.

        13                      SENATOR OPPENHEIMER:  Explain my

        14       vote.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        16       Oppenheimer.

        17                      SENATOR OPPENHEIMER:  Senator is

        18       sort of making it sound like we're doing, you

        19       know, horrible things on election day and going

        20       against the Election Law, and I sort of resent

        21       that.  I'm not sure, I don't think on my last

        22       election we had what you call street money.  We

        23       pay people.  But I find it, you know, very











                                                             
1197

         1       distasteful that these charges seem to be made

         2       that we're doing something illegal.

         3                      And, you know, if I buy flowers

         4       or I go to the pastry shop, I can't see giving

         5       them a check.  So I'm going to vote against

         6       this.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         8       Oppenheimer in the negative.

         9                      Continue the roll call.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Padavan.

        11                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Yes.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Pataki.

        13                      (There was no response.)

        14                      Senator Paterson.

        15                      (There was no response.)

        16                      Senator Present.

        17                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Aye.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Rath.

        19                      SENATOR RATH:  Yes.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Saland.

        21                      SENATOR SALAND:  Aye.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        23       Santiago.











                                                             
1198

         1                      SENATOR SANTIAGO:  No.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Sears.

         3                      SENATOR SEARS:  Aye.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Seward.

         5                      SENATOR SEWARD:  Aye.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Skelos.

         7                      SENATOR SKELOS:  Yes.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Smith.

         9                      SENATOR SMITH:  No.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Solomon.

        11                      (There was no response.)

        12                      Senator Spano.

        13                      SENATOR SPANO:  Aye.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        15       Stachowski.

        16                      SENATOR STACHOWSKI:  No.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        18       Stafford.

        19                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Aye.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        21       Stavisky.

        22                      SENATOR STAVISKY:  No.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Trunzo.











                                                             
1199

         1                      SENATOR TRUNZO:  Yes.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Tully.

         3                      SENATOR TULLY:  Aye.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Velella.

         5                      SENATOR VELELLA:  Yes.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Volker.

         7                      SENATOR VOLKER:  Yes.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Waldon.

         9                      SENATOR WALDON:  To explain my

        10       vote.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        12       Waldon.

        13                      SENATOR WALDON:  Mr. President,

        14       my colleagues, very briefly.

        15                      In the area of Queens where I

        16       live, the street day operation is rather rapid,

        17       frenetic, and at times can overwhelm someone

        18       who's inexperienced.  And to have to voucher

        19       every little picayunne expenditure would drive

        20       my campaign manager crazy and would thwart the

        21       process which allows me to return here to be

        22       convivial with my many colleagues.

        23                      Based on that simplistic











                                                             
1200

         1       situation, I will have to vote in the no.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Wright.

         3                      SENATOR WRIGHT:  Aye.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

         5       Secretary will call the absentees.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Bruno.

         7                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Yes.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

         9       Dollinger.

        10                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        11       President.  To explain my vote.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        13       Dollinger.

        14                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        15       President.  I'm going to vote in favor of this

        16       bill.  I'm not so sure that it's a bill in

        17       search of a problem to attach itself to, but I

        18       would just encourage my colleague, while we

        19       continue to walk down the road toward election

        20       reform, I regard this as another step in the

        21       direction of, hopefully, decreasing the amount

        22       of electoral fraud, if it exists, but I still

        23       think that there are a number of big issues on











                                                             
1201

         1       the table that we ought to attack.

         2                      We ought to be a part of -- I can

         3       rattle them off, simple.  Access to the ballot,

         4       campaign finance reform, the implementation of

         5       the motor voter act, all of these things that we

         6       ought to do which would achieve the goal of

         7       having more people participate in elections,

         8       have greater voter turnout, and hopefully all

         9       the people in this chamber could then say that

        10       they were elected by the majority of the people

        11       in their district and not simply the majority of

        12       the people who happened to be registered under

        13       our arcane laws.

        14                      Mr. President.  I'll vote yes for

        15       moving in the right direction.  We've got

        16       further to go.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        18       Dollinger in the affirmative.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator

        20       Gonzalez.

        21                      (There was no response.)

        22                      Senator Hoffmann.

        23                      (There was no response.)











                                                             
1202

         1                      Senator Lack.

         2                      SENATOR LACK:  Aye.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Larkin.

         4                      SENATOR LARKIN:  Aye.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Nolan.

         6                      (There was no response.)

         7                      Senator Pataki.

         8                      (There was no response.)

         9                      Senator Paterson.

        10                      (There was no response.)

        11                      Senator Solomon.

        12                      (There was no response.)

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Announce

        14       the results.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 36.  Nays

        16       19.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        18       is passed.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        20       146, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        21       6336B, an act to amend the Election Law, in

        22       relation to corrupt use of position or

        23       authority.











                                                             
1203

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Explanation.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         3       Nozzolio.

         4                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr.

         5       President.  This bill makes it a crime under the

         6       Election Law for an officer or employee of an

         7       introduction supported in whole or in part by

         8       public funds to intimidate, threaten, or coerce

         9       or influence patients or clients for the

        10       purposes of affecting their vote.

        11                      This measure is an attempt to

        12       prevent manipulation of those who are the most

        13       vulnerable in our society.  This does not in any

        14       way impinge upon their right to vote but rather

        15       tries to prevent, in law, those intimidating

        16       factors where individuals working for state

        17       institutions were influencing directly at the

        18       time of vote a resident casting his or her

        19       vote.

        20                      That during the last election in

        21       New York City, this issue came to light and was

        22       publicized greatly.  It came before our

        23       committee as an issue, and the committee











                                                             
1204

         1       reviewed this measure.  At the suggestion of

         2       some members of the committee, the bill was

         3       amended, particularly the concerns of Senator

         4       Connor, who believed that the influencing factor

         5       of an individual in their exercise to vote could

         6       be construed as too broad.

         7                      That's why this measure was

         8       amended, amended to deal with the definition of

         9       influencing and limiting the term influencing to

        10       the precise time when a resident individual was

        11       casting his or her vote.  So that the

        12       intimidation or influence or coercion, in

        13       effect, at the time of casting the vote is the

        14       issue not any broader review.

        15                      Thank you, Mr. President.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        17       Connor.

        18                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Thank you, Mr.

        19       President.

        20                      I want to applaud Senator

        21       Nozzolio, of course, for, as he pointed out, the

        22       original print made it a crime for anyone who

        23       worked in or supervised a nursing home to











                                                             
1205

         1       attempt to influence any of the people in how

         2       they would vote.  And I pointed out to the

         3       committee that that would mean if, you know,

         4       three months before the election Senator

         5       Present, for example, went to a nursing home in

         6       his district, and the director said, "Here's

         7       Senator Present; he is up for election this

         8       year; he has done a fantastic job for senior

         9       citizens in our nursing home," that that would

        10       be an attempt to influence their vote,

        11       obviously, and that would have been a crime.

        12       That has now been eliminated from the bill.

        13                      I'm not urging anybody to vote

        14       against this bill.  I just point out a few

        15       things.  It is presently, thank God, a crime to

        16       threaten, intimidate, or coerce voters, whether

        17       they be in nursing homes, walking down streets,

        18       in schools, or firehouses casting their vote or

        19       sitting in their living room.  It is illegal,

        20       and I want to assure everybody because this bill

        21       has a long way to go.  Should it pass here it's

        22       still got the Assembly and the Governor, and I

        23       want to reassure everybody and warn everybody in











                                                             
1206

         1       this state that even if this bill doesn't become

         2       law, it's nonetheless a crime to intimidate

         3       threaten or coerce any voter in the exercise of

         4       their franchise, and it's not just a crime under

         5       the laws of the State of New York.  I assure you

         6       it is a very, very serious federal crime to do

         7       so.

         8                      So the point I'm coming to is,

         9       there are certain problems with respect to the

        10       handling of absentee ballots or potential

        11       problems with respect to nursing homes.

        12                      I don't think threatening,

        13       coercing, and intimidating is necessarily one of

        14       them; because if it is, there should already be

        15       prosecutions by state and federal authorities.

        16                      This is another example of a bill

        17       that's not needed.  The major thrust of it is

        18       not needed.  It's already illegal.  I would note

        19       that the League of Women Voters opposes this

        20       bill, and the reason they oppose this bill is

        21       because they point out in their memo that with

        22       respect to problems in nursing home absentee

        23       ballots, Senator Nozzolio already has a bill











                                                             
1207

         1       that's a better bill.  That is S.3083, which

         2       does I believe have sponsorship in the

         3       Assembly.  I mean that could even become law and

         4       cure the problem.

         5                      I would urge the Senator to heed

         6       this.  Let's bring out the real bill that deals

         7       with the real problem.  I'm not suggesting

         8       anybody vote against this, because that might be

         9       misconstrued.  Somebody might say you are in

        10       favor of coercing, intimidating or threating,

        11       even though it is already illegal.

        12                      But there is a little problem in

        13       the handling of absentee ballots in some cases.

        14       There seems to be.  Let's bring out the real

        15       bill.  And Senator Nozzolio has a bill that

        16       deals with that.  The League of Women Voters

        17       says that is the bill not this bill.

        18                      Again, enough said about a bill

        19       that I don't think is going anywhere, because

        20       it's not needed.  I sure would like to see the

        21       real bills that really change the Election Law

        22       in ways we ought to do it.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator











                                                             
1208

         1       Smith.

         2                      SENATOR SMITH:  Thank you, Mr.

         3       President.  I would just like to briefly clarify

         4       the issue which this bill is supposedly written

         5       in reference to.  I believe that there was some

         6       press during the last election about some

         7       mentally handicapped people who voted, and who

         8       went into a polling site in the East Flatbush,

         9       East New York area.  Having been called to that

        10       school, they were being intimidated and

        11       harrassed by off-duty police officers who

        12       attempted to have them do something that has

        13       been outlawed for many years; and that is, to

        14       take a competency test.

        15                      So it was not the Board of

        16       Elections, and it was not others that were

        17       affiliated with the Board of Elections, but

        18       outsiders.  And as a member of the Elections

        19       Committee for the past five years, I don't know

        20       of any hearings that were held, and I don't know

        21       of any of us who were asked who were there.

        22       These are purely conjecture on the part of some

        23       people without getting the full information.











                                                             
1209

         1                      Therefore, I feel that this bill

         2       is not necessary because there is already

         3       sufficient law to provide for the needs of those

         4       who are mentally handicapped or in nursing

         5       homes.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         7       Waldon.

         8                      SENATOR WALDON:  Thank you, Mr.

         9       President.  Would the learned gentleman submit

        10       to a question or two?

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        12       Nozzolio, will you yield to a question?

        13                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Certainly.

        14                      SENATOR WALDON:  Senator, can you

        15       tell this body the number of people who would be

        16       affected by this legislation if it were passed?

        17                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  It would be in

        18       the thousands of those who were subject to the

        19       legislation, which, Senator, would prohibit

        20       anyone who worked at an organization that

        21       received public funds from engaging in this type

        22       of conduct, so I would leave the number up to

        23       you to speculate in terms of the numbers.











                                                             
1210

         1       Obviously, extensive.

         2                      SENATOR WALDON:  I'm surprised at

         3       your response, Senator.

         4                      If I may continue, Mr. President,

         5       I'll ask another question.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         7       Waldon.

         8                      SENATOR WALDON:  If you make

         9       recommendations to us to pass a bill which will

        10       be law this state, it would seem that the

        11       informational base would be one which at least

        12       tells us the number of persons affected.

        13                      But to ask my question, if I may,

        14       can you tell us the specific event or events

        15       which were the causal factor or factors for you

        16       to write this bill?

        17                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Are you asking

        18       me, Senator, to list for you a specific example

        19       where this intimidation factor existed?

        20                      SENATOR WALDON:  I did that,

        21       Senator, because earlier you had said, at your

        22       hearings, information was brought to your

        23       attention.  So I assume that information











                                                             
1211

         1       precipitated your sitting down to write the

         2       bill.

         3                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  The Brooklyn

         4       District Attorney, Charles Hines, has begun an

         5       investigation as to why a group of mentally

         6       handicapped individuals were brought to the

         7       polls during the last mayoral election and told

         8       to vote; that the office is reviewing this

         9       situation; that the State Office of Mental

        10       Retardation and the State Committee on Elections

        11       are also looking into specific allegations of

        12       voting in PS 93 in Brooklyn.  What we heard is

        13       that many of the individuals -- reported in the

        14       New York Post, November 9, that many individuals

        15       were disoriented, didn't seem to know where they

        16       were or why they were there.  One man said he

        17       was going bowling as he entered into a voting

        18       booth with a state employee.

        19                      The state Election Law prohibits

        20        -- excuse me -- allows those with disabilities

        21       to vote, but they can't be forced to vote in a

        22       particular way.  And they must be given an

        23       understanding that they are voting and











                                                             
1212

         1       participating in the voting process.  There are

         2       also allegations that during this time there

         3       were government paid officials who were actually

         4       going into the voting booth with those people at

         5       mention and were told to pull a particular

         6       lever.  Now, that type of conduct is the conduct

         7       that I'm sure you would not condone or advise,

         8       and that's the conduct that we're trying to get

         9       at through this measure.

        10                      SENATOR WALDON:  Mr. President.

        11       May I continue one last question?

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        13       Waldon.

        14                      SENATOR WALDON:  Senator, you are

        15       absolutely right in your description of Al

        16       Waldon.  I would not condone that kind of

        17       behavior.  I abhor it.  And during this past

        18       election in the City of New York, when

        19       correction officers and police officers from

        20       outside the City of New York attempted to

        21       intimidate people at the polling station that I

        22       as a district leader repaired to, I acted in a

        23       manner which you just suggested was appropriate











                                                             
1213

         1       behavior.

         2                      My last question is this to you,

         3       sir.  As the Chairman of the Elections

         4       Committee, you must be aware that you already

         5       had on the books laws which would cover this

         6       precise situation; and if such is the case, why

         7       would you burden this body with a redundant

         8       proposal?

         9                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  In my

        10       response, Senator, you raise an excellent

        11       point.  As a former police officer, I'm sure you

        12       are well aware that there are loopholes in the

        13       law and tools that prosecutors may or may not

        14       have with particular statutes.  Unfortunately,

        15       that's the case here.  We're trying to provide

        16       stronger statutory language for prosecutors,

        17       providing definitions of institutions covered

        18       and employees covered and limits relative to the

        19       influencing a particular employee can engage on

        20       an individual, and it is my belief that through

        21       this tool, the conduct can be better

        22       prosecuted.  Redundancy I believe is too strong

        23       a word, Senator.  I believe that providing











                                                             
1214

         1       additional tools is the objective of this bill.

         2                      SENATOR WALDON:  Thank you very

         3       much, Senator.

         4                      Mr. President, if I may explain

         5       my vote.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         7       Waldon to explain his vote.

         8                      SENATOR WALDON:  I'm compelled to

         9       vote in the no on this bill, because I do

        10       believe it is, in fact, redundant.  I do believe

        11       we have adequate laws on the book to deal with

        12       the situations as attempted by my learned

        13       colleague in his explanation, and I do believe

        14       that sometimes we overlegislate.  We put too

        15       many bills in the hopper, and we waste the time

        16       of ourselves and the people of the State of New

        17       York.

        18                      I would encourage my colleagues

        19       to also vote in the neg'.

        20                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Mr. President.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        22       Connor.

        23                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Yes, would











                                                             
1215

         1       Senator Nozzolio yield to a question?

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         3       Nozzolio, would you yield to a question of

         4       Senator Connor?

         5                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Is this the

         6       same Senator Connor that I asked to yield?

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  He's the

         8       same person who refused to yield.

         9                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  I don't think

        10       I will yield.

        11                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Okay.  Fine.  I

        12       had offered.  On the bill, Mr. President.  I had

        13       offered to yield.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        15       Connor, on the bill.

        16                      SENATOR CONNOR:  I had offered to

        17       yield to Senator at the conclusion of my

        18       previous remarks and waited and didn't see him

        19       jump to his feet to grill me, and I was greatly

        20       relieved as I took my seat.

        21                      Certainly though, Mr. President,

        22       Senator Nozzolio can't for a moment be

        23       suggesting that it would be illegal for a











                                                             
1216

         1       nursing home employee or director to walk into

         2       the voting booth with a resident of the nursing

         3       home while that resident voted.  Can't be.

         4       That's not illegal.

         5                      Because we better wake up to

         6       federal law.  Federal law says any voter can

         7       take into the booth any person they want except

         8       their employer or union representative to assist

         9       them in voting.

        10                      So what if I see nursing home

        11       residents walking into the booth with employees

        12       or officers of the nursing home.  You can infer

        13       no illegality from that.  Sure, if you see them

        14       twisting an arm of the resident.  That

        15       intimidation.  That illegal now.  It's assault.

        16                      The fact is -- the fact is this

        17       evidence that's pointed out, Oh, people were

        18       seen going into the voting booth with employees

        19       from the nursing home or the mental health

        20       facility or whatever.  You can infer nothing

        21       from that.

        22                      Let me tell you, my colleagues,

        23       we better wake up.  I was involved in a case a











                                                             
1217

         1       couple of years ago where a candidate objected

         2       that voters were coming in and going into the

         3       voting booth with the opposing candidate's poll

         4       watcher.  The opposing candidate sent poll

         5       watchers to the polling place, and voters would

         6       come in and go over to the poll watchers and

         7       then go into the booth with the poll watchers.

         8       Sounds illegal.  It used to be in New York.

         9                      It's not today.  The federal

        10       government sent marshalls into that district.

        11       The federal government issued a report, saying

        12       the attempts by the inspectors of elections to

        13       thwart that conduct and to forbid the partisan

        14       poll watchers in the polling place from going

        15       into the booth with the voters was illegal,

        16       illegal on the part of the inspectors of

        17       elections.  They can't stop that.

        18                      Imagine, imagine the future

        19       ramifications for someone who wants to commit an

        20       illegal vote buying scheme, to have their own

        21       partisan workers in the polling place going into

        22       the booth.  But that's federal law.  We can't do

        23       anything about that, but follow it. And we can't











                                                             
1218

         1       carve around the edges of it by saying, "Oh,

         2       well, you can't have nursing home employees

         3       going into the voting booth with residents."

         4                      Of course you can.  You have to

         5       let them.  It would be a violation of federal

         6       law and a federal crime to prevent them.  That's

         7       why this bill is not well thought out, and I

         8       vote no, Mr. President.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        10       last section.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        12       act shall take effect immediately.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

        14       roll.

        15                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        17       the negative on Calendar Number 146 are Senators

        18       Connor, Espada, Galiber, Gold, Kruger,

        19       Markowitz, Mendez, Montgomery, Nanula,

        20       Ohrenstein, Santiago, Smith and Waldon.  Ayes

        21       44.  Nays 13.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        23       is passed.











                                                             
1219

         1                      Senator Leichter.

         2                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr.

         3       President.  May I have unanimous consent to be

         4       recorded in the negative on Calendar Numbers 260

         5       and 274.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Without

         7       objection.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       147, by Senator Nozzolio, Senate Bill Number

        10       6527B, an act directing the state Board of

        11       Elections to conduct a special study to combat

        12       voter fraud.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        14       last section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        16       act shall take effect immediately.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

        18       roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 57.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        22       is passed.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number











                                                             
1220

         1       181, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number

         2       1424A, an act to amend the Penal Law, in

         3       relation to increasing criminal penalties for

         4       certain crimes.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Explanation.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         7       Volker.

         8                      SENATOR VOLKER:  Mr. President.

         9       This is a bill that this house has passed before

        10       which deals primarily with the upgrading of the

        11       crime of assault.  It has been called the Gang

        12       Violence Bill.

        13                      What it does to start with is it

        14       raises all the crimes of assault, assault first,

        15       second and third by one degree, and then creates

        16       a new section of the law relating to gang

        17       assaults, which is a defendant with the intent

        18       to cause serious physical injury to another

        19       person and aided by two or more people would be

        20       guilty of an assault first, which would become a

        21       B felony subject to sentencing of up to 25 years

        22       in jail.  The old assault second statute would

        23       become, in effect, the assault first, and so











                                                             
1221

         1       forth.  The lowest crime, which is assault

         2       third, would in a gang assault situation go from

         3       an A misdemeanor to a D felony.

         4                      In addition to that, included in

         5       this bill is an upgrade for intentional or

         6       reckless damage to any house of worship,

         7       cemetery, school or community center or the

         8       grounds thereto.  Would make it a criminal

         9       mischief second, which would be a Class D

        10       felony, with a maximum of seven years in jail.

        11                      Another provision of this bill

        12       relates to juvenile offender statutes.  I don't

        13       think too many people are aware that there are

        14       several crimes right now that are not subject to

        15       the normal provisions of juvenile offender

        16       status because they are considered to be of such

        17       a serious nature that young people from 14 and

        18       15 and up can be criminally charged.  We would

        19       make assault second -- an aggravated assault

        20       upon a police officer or peace officer, which is

        21       already in that category, we would add to that

        22       these provisions of the gang violence bill, and,

        23       therefore, people 14 and 15 could be criminally











                                                             
1222

         1       prosecuted.

         2                      In this bill, we also have

         3       limitations on plea bargaining, so similar to

         4       other areas of the law where we have the issues

         5       of gang violence involved, they could only be

         6       pled down generally one degree, so that it would

         7       be more difficult for those people that engage

         8       in this kind of conduct to be able to plead

         9       down.

        10                      In addition to, that we set up a

        11       provision relating to sentencing that allows and

        12       mandates that the judge in the presentence

        13       report must investigate prior to sentencing on

        14       the issue of any sort of bias related crime

        15       involvement, and what that -- those crime

        16       involvements could be any identifiable class, in

        17       general -- not just in a specific area but any

        18       identifiable class.  This is a, by the way,

        19       sentencing procedure that has basically been

        20       fairly recently upheld by the courts, as opposed

        21       to some of the so-called bias crime bills that

        22       have generally been struck down on a national

        23       level that are very shaky on constitutional











                                                             
1223

         1       grounds.  In some cases, worse than shaky, are

         2       probably unconstitutional.  But the procedure in

         3       this bill has been already approved in several

         4       cases, and one in the Supreme Court of the

         5       United States.

         6                      In addition to that, law

         7       enforcement agencies, such as police, district

         8       attorneys and the courts would be required to

         9       collect data on bias-related crimes and submit

        10       such data to the DCJS, who shall compile the

        11       data and report it to us in the Legislature and

        12       the Governor on a quarterly basis.

        13                      But the crux of this bill is an

        14       issue that I think all of us should realize,

        15       that the proliferation of assaults particularly

        16       by gangs has become an extremely serious problem

        17       in this country.  And the undervaluing of

        18       assaults is something the district attorneys and

        19       all sorts of criminal justice groups have begun

        20       to realize is something that we have to deal

        21       with, and I think this bill deals with it.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        23       last section.











                                                             
1224

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 28.  This

         2       act shall take effect on the first day of

         3       November next succeeding the date on which it

         4       shall have become a law.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

         6       roll.

         7                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Mr.

         8       President.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        10       Leichter to explain his vote.

        11                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  To explain my

        12       vote.

        13                      Mr. President.  We do have a

        14       serious problem in bias-related crime in our

        15       society, and I think that issue needs to be

        16       treated in a much more effective and, frankly,

        17       in a much more candid and direct manner than

        18       Senator Volker's bill.

        19                      I don't think it's a surprise to

        20       anybody here that this is sort of an evasive

        21       action so that some people in some classes that

        22       we feel need protection in our society, the

        23       Republican majority has been unwilling really to











                                                             
1225

         1       directly come out and say we are going to

         2       protect these people.  I'm talking about gay

         3       people, lesbian people, for one, problem with

         4       racial discrimination which ought to be clearly

         5       identified and made a more serious crime.

         6                      This is sort of an amorphous

         7       thing.  Senator Volker would protect any class,

         8       people with brown eyes, people who are short,

         9       people who are tall, classes that really need no

        10       protection at all.  Makes no sense.

        11                      The whole idea of having a

        12       statute which says if you commit crimes against

        13       certain people that we know have a difficulty,

        14       that we know have a problem, that we know need

        15       protection, that you are giving a warning that

        16       you hopefully are deterring people from

        17       committing acts against those groups.

        18                      By failing to specify those

        19       people who need protection, Senator Volker, you

        20       are missing the whole point of what a bill or

        21       statute against bias-related crime intends to

        22       do.

        23                      For this reason, Mr. President, I











                                                             
1226

         1       vote in the negative.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         3       Ohrenstein.

         4                      SENATOR OHRENSTEIN:  Mr.

         5       President.  I rise to explain my vote.

         6                      I think Senator Leichter has

         7       already, for the most part, stated what I was

         8       going to say.  I have no objection to this

         9       bill.  I think it's basically, in concept, a

        10       good bill, but it doesn't relate -- it pretends

        11       in some ways to relate to the question of bias

        12       crime in our society which just cries out for

        13       resolution.

        14                      As I've said on this floor many

        15       times regarding this bill, this is not a bias

        16       crime bill and it should not be denominated

        17       such.  This is a gang assault bill.  I think

        18       gang assaults are a problem.  And to the extent

        19       that this bill addresses the problem, I support

        20       it.  I think assaults in our society are a

        21       problem, and to the degree that this bill

        22       addresses the question of aggravated assaults or

        23       difficult assaults, I support it because it does











                                                             
1227

         1       address the problem of violence, but it does not

         2       address directly the problem of bias-related

         3       violence, whether it's based upon color or race

         4       or nationality, ethnic origin, religion.  That

         5       kind of a crime deserves special treatment.  And

         6       this bill, other than declaring its intent to be

         7       used for that, doesn't do that.

         8                      So I am going to support this

         9       bill for what it does in terms of gang assaults,

        10       assaults in general.  But I, once again, ask the

        11       majority to take seriously the question of bias

        12       assaults in our society.  This bill does not

        13       address them.  As a matter of fact, I am working

        14       on a bill which will address both your concerns

        15       and the concerns in terms of how it is spelled

        16       out in this bill and the concerns which I have

        17       articulated here several times and which I am

        18       articulating at this time.

        19                      This is not a situation where we

        20       should have two competing concepts.  This is not

        21       some situation where we have two conceptualized

        22       differences that are so foreign to each other or

        23       unrelated to each other that they can not be











                                                             
1228

         1       married in some way so as to satisfy everyone's

         2       concern.

         3                      So rather than saying we have a

         4       Republican assault bill and we have a Democrat

         5       bias-related assault bill, this is not an answer

         6       because the answer is neither of these issues

         7       will be properly addressed if we continue on in

         8       that manner; because, as you know, the Assembly

         9       has supported the Governor's bias bill which I

        10       am one of the chief sponsors of.

        11                      And so we should not be in the

        12       situation in this Legislature where you have a

        13       bill which, basically, has a lot of support

        14       here; Democrats have another bill; the Governor

        15       has another bill which comes at this problem

        16       from a different point of view with regard to

        17       bias violence.  We should make every effort at

        18       this session to marry these concepts so that all

        19       of the issues which you try to address and we

        20       are trying to address are going to be

        21       addressed.

        22                      So I will vote for this bill, but

        23       I hope that you will -- particularly Senator











                                                             
1229

         1       Volker and others here who have expressed an

         2       interest in bias violence, I hope that as we

         3       talk over the next few weeks we can come up with

         4       a compromise bill which will address everybody's

         5       concern.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         7       Ohrenstein in the affirmative.

         8                      Senator Dollinger to explain his

         9       vote.

        10                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  I was just

        11       going to ask a point of order.  Are we

        12       explaining our votes or are we still on debate

        13       on the bill?

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The

        15       members have been explaining their votes,

        16       Senator Dollinger.

        17                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Okay.  Mr.

        18       President.  Just to explain my vote.

        19                      I would like to join Senator

        20       Ohrenstein in asking this body to go the next

        21       step as well.

        22                      As I recall it, the bias bill,

        23       the bias crimes bill, that was part of the











                                                             
1230

         1       Governor's package would apply to bias-related

         2       crimes that don't necessarily even involve

         3       assaults, and I will give you a very simply

         4       example.

         5                      In Senator Jones' district, which

         6       borders mine, there's a place, the Charlotte

         7       Beach Bathhouse, named for Roger Robach, former

         8       member of the Assembly, an ancient structure

         9       built in the early 1920s, a beautiful building,

        10       recently renovated by the city of Rochester and

        11       the county of Monroe at the cost of many

        12       millions of dollars.

        13                      In October of 1992, a graffiti

        14       artist got into the building and proceeded with

        15       a spray can to put on the walls of the beach

        16       house just about every offensive term that you

        17       can think of, racially offensive, offensive to

        18       gays, offensive to religious persons, the whole

        19       spectrum.  They covered it all.

        20                      And when we went there on that

        21       afternoon to look at the damage, spray cans on

        22       the floor, on the walls, it was tempting to sit

        23       down and simply say this is just malicious











                                                             
1231

         1       damage.  This is a graffiti artist at work, but

         2       I would suggest to you that no one could walk

         3       into that basketball court and look at the walls

         4       and conclude that this was just a lonesome

         5       graffiti artist.

         6                      This was a crime of bias, of

         7       bias-related damage to personal property to the

         8       property of the county and the city of

         9       Rochester, and it seems to me that that is not

        10       just simply malicious damage.  This is a crime

        11       of bias and a crime that needs to be treated

        12       differently than simply a graffiti artist who

        13       gets loss in his work.

        14                      I would submit to you that this

        15       bill doesn't go enough.  It doesn't attack the

        16       problem of bias-related crimes and crimes to

        17       property as well.  The Governor's bill which

        18       includes both crimes to persons and crimes to

        19       property would elevate that act that you might

        20       look at as simply graffiti and make it a bias

        21       related crime of damaging personal property.

        22                      That's the step we ought to go.

        23       We always take these little tiny steps down the











                                                             
1232

         1       rod of doing the right thing.  Can't we take the

         2       giant step and actually do the right thing so

         3       that we send a clear message to everybody in

         4       this state that bias-related crimes, be they

         5       against persons or property, are going to be

         6       treated differently than simply those that don't

         7       involve bias.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  How do

         9       you vote, Senator Dollinger?

        10                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  I'll vote in

        11       the affirmative on this bill, but it doesn't go

        12       far enough.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        14       Dollinger in the affirmative.

        15                      Senator DeFrancisco to explain

        16       his vote.

        17                      SENATOR DeFRANCISCO:  Yes, I'm

        18       going to vote in the affirmative, and I think

        19       that this does have some relation to a bias

        20       crime bill insofar as the nature of the bias or

        21       a bias-related event is a factor to be

        22       considered by the sentencing judge in

        23       sentencing, and I think that's important.  That











                                                             
1233

         1       factor along with any other factor including the

         2       nature of the violence, the nature of the act

         3       should always be a sentencing factor to be

         4       determined by the sentencing judge.

         5                      I have a grave problem, however,

         6       with going the next step that we hear a lot of

         7       people talking about.  Crimes are crimes against

         8       society.  And what we do when we create a bias

         9       crime, we create a certain class of individuals

        10       no matter who they may be that are treated

        11       differently than any other citizens in this

        12       community.  The assault hurts whether the

        13       assault is on a 5'6" Italian or someone of

        14       another nationality.  The nature of the

        15       sentencing should be something to be determined

        16       by the judge depending upon all the factors

        17       including if that was a bias-related assault

        18       against that individual.

        19                      I just think we're treading some

        20       territory that we shouldn't tread, when we start

        21       creating crimes of different categories

        22       depending upon who the victims might be.  I

        23       think that's a dangerous trend.  I think our











                                                             
1234

         1       society is supposed to be a society that treats

         2       everyone the same, that includes people who were

         3       victims of crime as well as those who are the

         4       assailants in crime.

         5                      So I guess all I'm saying is that

         6       this does create bias-related crimes to a

         7       certain extent insofar as it's a factor that the

         8       judge considers in sentencing, and that is all

         9       it should be.  A crime is a crime no matter who

        10       it happens to be, and I think that's the way our

        11       laws should be written.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        13       DeFrancisco in the affirmative.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Those in the

        15       negative on Calendar Number 181 are Senators

        16       DiCarlo, Galiber, Gold, Maltese, Markowitz,

        17       Mendez, Sears, Santiago, Senator Connor, and

        18       Senator Waldon, also Senator Leichter.  Ayes

        19       47.  Nays 11.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

        21       is passed.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       242, by Senator Larkin, Senate Bill Number 6 -











                                                             
1235

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside,

         2       please.

         3                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

         4       temporarily.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         6       aside temporarily.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         8       261, by Senator Daly, Senate Bill Number 4583B,

         9       Real Property Law.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  Senator Daly,

        11       could we have one day on this?

        12                      SENATOR DALY:  Certainly.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        14       aside for the day.

        15                      SENATOR DALY:  I would like to

        16       take it tomorrow, just to inform the Minority

        17       Leader.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        19       aside for a day.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar 279, by

        21       Senator Wright.

        22                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside

        23       please.











                                                             
1236

         1                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

         2       temporarily.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

         4       aside, temporarily.

         5                      Secretary will call Calendar 279.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       279, by Senator Wright, Senate Bill Number 5944,

         8       an act to amend the Real Property Tax Law.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        10       Gold.

        11                      SENATOR GOLD:  Will the responsor

        12       agree to lay this bill over?

        13                      SENATOR WRIGHT:  For a day?

        14                      SENATOR GOLD:  So far.

        15                      SENATOR WRIGHT:  I will agree to

        16       lay it over for a day.

        17                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you,

        18       Senator.

        19                      SENATOR WRIGHT:  If you would

        20       have your counsel share our concerns please.

        21                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes, surely.

        22                      SENATOR WRIGHT:  Thank you.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it











                                                             
1237

         1       aside for a day.

         2                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

         3       May we go back to Calendar 242.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

         5       Secretary will read Calendar 242.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       242, by Senator Larkin, Senate Bill Number 6390,

         8       an act to amend the Public Officers Law and the

         9       Village Law.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        11       Gold.

        12                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes, will the

        13       sponsor lay the bill over, please?

        14                      SENATOR LARKIN:  We have been

        15       doing it for about three weeks.  Is there a

        16       question you might want answered?

        17                      SENATOR GOLD:  Well, Senator,

        18       there are questions, and I think the questions

        19       that have to be answered have to be answered by

        20       counsel to the Majority Leader, and I would like

        21       to avoid some public difficulty, and hope that

        22       this bill which is a local bill can work its way

        23       through the legislative process with other bills











                                                             
1238

         1       of local nature sponsored by other members, and

         2       perhaps this is something that the Majority

         3       Leader's counsel will be able to work out within

         4       a few days.  But until that time, this is now

         5       the middle of March, and I think we have to come

         6       to grips with one of the problems in the flow of

         7       legislation right now.

         8                      SENATOR LARKIN:  I will lay it

         9       over for a day.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  I appreciate it.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        12       aside for the day.

        13                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you,

        14       Senator.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Calendar

        16       Number 280, by Senator Marino, Senate Bill

        17       Number 6602A, authorizing the assessor of the

        18       county of Nassau -

        19                      SENATOR GOLD:  May we lay this

        20       aside for a day?

        21                      SENATOR PRESENT:  (Nodding.)

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        23       aside for the day.











                                                             
1239

         1                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         3       281, by Senator Larkin, Senate Bill Number 6691,

         4       establish a public library district in the Town

         5       of Esopus, Ulster County.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         7       Gold.

         8                      SENATOR GOLD:  Senator Larkin,

         9       can I have the same courtesy on this one?

        10                      SENATOR LARKIN:  One day, yes,

        11       sir.

        12                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you, sir.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        14       aside for the day.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       293, by Senator Levy, Seante Bill Number 184,

        17       Criminal Procedure Law.

        18                      SENATOR GOLD:  Explanation.

        19                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay it

        21       aside.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       295, by Senator Tully, Senate Bill Number 776,











                                                             
1240

         1       an act to amend the Penal Law.

         2                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

         4       Gold.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

         6       This bill, we've had before, and we could have

         7       voted on it the first time around, but there

         8       were a few members in the negative who weren't

         9       here Senator Espada and Galiber and myself,

        10       Montgomery, Ohrenstein and Smith, voted in the

        11       negative.  Last section.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Read the

        13       last section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect immediately.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        20       the negative on Calendar Number 295 are Senators

        21       Galiber, Gold, Kruger, Ohrenstein, and Santiago,

        22       also Senator Espada, also Senator Mendez, also

        23       Senator Smith, also Senator Montgomery.











                                                             
1241

         1                      Ayes 49.  Nays 9.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  The bill

         3       is passed.

         4                      Senator Present.

         5                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Can we take up

         6       Calendar 134.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:

         8       Secretary will read Calendar 134.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        10       134, substituted earlier today, by Member of the

        11       Assembly Ortloff, Assembly Bill Number 4490C, an

        12       act to amend the County Law in relation to

        13       authorizing the county of Franklin to appoint up

        14       to three public defenders.

        15                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        17       Gold.

        18                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes.  Would

        19       Senator Stafford be kind enough to put this over

        20       one day, please.

        21                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  No objection.

        22                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you so much.

        23                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Calendar 141.











                                                             
1242

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Calendar

         2       141, the home rule message is at the desk.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar 141, by

         4       Senator Stafford.

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Tomorrow, please.

         6                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  No objection.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Lay 141

         8       aside.

         9                      Senator Present.

        10                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Any house

        11       keeping?

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Any

        13       housekeeping?

        14                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Senator

        15       Montgomery, please.

        16                      SENATOR MONTGOMERY:  Yes.  Mr.

        17       President.  I would like unanimous consent to be

        18       recorded in the negative on Calendar 181.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Without

        20       objection.

        21                      SENATOR MONTGOMERY:  Thank you.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT SPANO:  Senator

        23       Present.











                                                             
1243

         1                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

         2       There being no further business, I move we

         3       adjourn until tomorrow at 3:00 p.m.

         4                      (Whereupon, at 5:10 p.m., Senate

         5       adjourned.)

         6

         7

         8

         9

        10