Regular Session - May 17, 1994

                                                                 
3700

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         8                       ALBANY, NEW YORK

         9                         May 17, 1994

        10                          4:46 p.m.

        11

        12

        13                       REGULAR SESSION

        14

        15

        16

        17       SENATOR JOHN R. KUHL, JR., Acting President

        18       STEPHEN F. SLOAN, Secretary

        19

        20

        21

        22

        23











                                                             
3701

         1                      P R O C E E D I N G S

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         3       Senate will come to order.  Staff please take

         4       their seats.  Ask the members and the visitors

         5       in the gallery to rise and join in the Pledge of

         6       Allegiance.

         7                      (The assemblage repeated the

         8       Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

         9                      In the absence of clergy, I'd ask

        10       that we all bow our heads in a moment of

        11       silence.

        12                      (A moment of silence was

        13       observed. )

        14                      Reading of the Journal.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  In Senate,

        16       Monday, May 16th.  The Senate met pursuant to

        17       adjournment, Senator Cook in the Chair upon

        18       designation of the Temporary President.  The

        19       Journal of Sunday, May 15th, was read and

        20       approved.  On motion, Senate adjourned.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        22       objection, the Journal stands as read.

        23                      Presentation of petitions.











                                                             
3702

         1                      Messages from the Assembly.

         2                      Messages from the Governor.

         3                      Reports of standing committees.

         4       Secretary will read.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Stafford

         6       from the Committee on Finance, reports the

         7       following nominations:

         8                      Member of the Board of Directors

         9       of the Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation:

        10       David M. Kraut, of New York City; Joseph Mendez,

        11       of New York City, and Willard L. Warren, of

        12       Roosevelt Island;

        13                      Member of the Thousand Islands

        14       State Park Recreation and Historic Preservation

        15       Commission:  Gary L. Bouchard, of Ogdensburg;

        16                      Member of the Board of Directors

        17       of the New York State Science and Technology

        18       Foundation:  Walter Robb, of Schenectady;

        19                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        20       of the Creedmoor Psychiatric Center:  Alfred

        21       Koral, of Jamaica;

        22                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        23       of the Elmira Psychiatric Center:  Judith











                                                             
3703

         1       Phillips, of Watkins Glen;

         2                      Member of the Board of Visitors

         3       of the Hudson River Psychiatric Center:  Patria

         4       Mestey-Perez, of Marlboro;

         5                      Member of the Board of Visitors

         6       of the Manhattan Psychiatric Center:  Wilhelmina

         7       Roberts Wynn, of New York City;

         8                      Member of the Board of Visitors

         9       of the Mohawk Valley Psychiatric Center:  Paul

        10       D. O'Brien, of Rome;

        11                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        12       of the South Beach Psychiatric Center:  Barbara

        13       Irolla Panepinto, Esq., of Staten Island;

        14                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        15       of the J. N. Adam Developmental Center:  Anne

        16       Ray, of South Dayton;

        17                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        18       of the Bernard M. Fineson Developmental Center:

        19       Charles Naroff, of Flushing;

        20                      Member of the Board of Visitors

        21       of the Staten Island Developmental Disabilities

        22       Services Office:  Matteo L. Lumetta, of Staten

        23       Island.











                                                             
3704

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Question

         2       is on the confirmation of the nominees.  All

         3       those in favor, signify by saying aye.

         4                      (Response of "Aye.")

         5                      Opposed nay.

         6                      (There was no response. )

         7                      The nominees are confirmed.

         8                      Reports of select committees.

         9                      Communications and reports from

        10       state officers.

        11                      Motions and resolutions.  Senator

        12       DiCarlo.

        13                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Yes.  Mr.

        14       President, we're voting today on two resolutions

        15       that I think are very important to this house.

        16       One is on Armed Forces Day, and the other one is

        17       on the 50th Anniversary of the Invasion of

        18       Normandy.

        19                      I'd like -- I'd waive the reading

        20       at the present time for the D-day resolution.

        21       I'm told it will be read in its entirety on June

        22       6th, but I'd like to open up both resolutions

        23       for the members in the Senate.  They are L.











                                                             
3705

         1       3650 for Armed Forces Day and L. 3649 for

         2       D-day.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         4       DiCarlo.  You have a motion?

         5                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Mr. President,

         6       I wish to call up Calendar Number 349, Assembly

         7       Bill Number 8794-B, for Senator Velella.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk

         9       will read.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  By Senator

        11       Velella, Senate Bill 5615-D, an act to amend the

        12       Insurance Law.

        13                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  I now move that

        14       Assembly Bill 8794-B be recommitted to the

        15       Committee on Rules and the original bill be

        16       substituted on the calendar, and I offer the

        17       following amendments.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

        19       Substitution is reconsidered.  The Senate bill

        20       is recommitted, and the Assembly bill is

        21       restored -- I'll get that right.  We'll get this

        22       right.  The Assembly bill is recommitted and the

        23       Senate bill is restored with amendments.











                                                             
3706

         1                      Senator Holland.

         2                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  I'd like to be

         3       on those two resolutions, if I'm not.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Is there

         5       a privileged resolution at the desk?

         6                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  No, no, his two

         7       resolutions, I'd like to be on those two.

         8                      Mr. President, amendments are

         9       offered to the following Third Reading Calendar

        10       bills:

        11                      By Senator Volker, page 16,

        12       Calendar 475, Senate Print Number 6416;

        13                      By Senator Libous, page 32,

        14       Calendar 849, Senate Print Number 6930-A;

        15                      By Senator Cook, page 39,

        16       Calendar 925, Senate Print 5169-A;

        17                      By Senator Seward, page 42,

        18       Calendar 950, Senate Print Number 7434;

        19                      By Senator Skelos, page 51,

        20       Calendar 1014, Senate Print Number 6401-B;

        21                      And by Senator Velella, page 51,

        22       Calendar 1018, Senate Print Number 7595.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  So











                                                             
3707

         1       ordered on all bills.

         2                      Senator Cook.

         3                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President, I

         4       got a bunch of sponsor's stars we'd like to put

         5       on:  Senator Velella, Calendar 872; Senator

         6       Bruno, Calendar 931; Senator Levy, 1006, 1010,

         7       1028 and if you need a star to put on one of

         8       those, you can take mine off from 416.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sponsors'

        10       stars ordered on all four bills, and one is

        11       removed on Senator Cook's bill.

        12                      Senator DeFrancisco.

        13                      SENATOR DeFRANCISCO:  I'd like to

        14       take one of those stars to use on my bill

        15       Calendar Number 1007.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sponsor's

        17       star is placed on your bill, Senator

        18       DeFrancisco.

        19                      Senator Nozzolio.

        20                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Mr. President,

        21       I'd like to place a star on my bill, Calendar

        22       Number 980, Bill Number -

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sponsor's











                                                             
3708

         1       star on Calendar Number 980.

         2                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  And, Mr.

         3       President, I have a privileged resolution at the

         4       desk.  Ask its consent to be read.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  You're

         6       asking that the title be read, Senator Nozzolio?

         7                      SENATOR NOZZOLIO:  Yes, Mr.

         8       President.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk

        10       will read the title of the sponsor's resolution.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Legislative

        12       Resolution, by Senator Nozzolio, honoring the

        13       Auburn Association of Life Underwriters upon the

        14       occasion of the organization's 50th anniversary.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Question

        16       is on the resolution.  All those in favor,

        17       signify by saying aye.

        18                      (Response of "Aye.")

        19                      Opposed nay.

        20                      (There was no response. )

        21                      The resolution is adopted.

        22                      Senator Present, we have a

        23       substitution at the desk.











                                                             
3709

         1                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Do the

         2       substitution, please.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 9 of

         4       today's calendar, Senator DeFrancisco moves to

         5       discharge the Committee on Rules from Assembly

         6       Bill Number 6116-A and substitute it for the

         7       identical Calendar Number 1071.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

         9       Substitution is ordered.

        10                      Senator Present.

        11                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        12       I move that we adopt the Resolution Calendar

        13       with the exception of Resolution 3542.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Question

        15       is on the resolution calendar.

        16                      Senator Galiber.

        17                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Yes, just a

        18       slight interruption.  In regard to Calendar

        19       3623, that's the resolution, I'd like to just

        20       open that up for whoever the sponsor -- whoever

        21       would be willing to go on it as a sponsor.

        22       That's a Galiber-Goodman, but it has to do, very

        23       briefly, with the young lady who works in the











                                                             
3710

         1       district attorney's office who helped -

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  It's

         3       Resolution 3623?

         4                      SENATOR GALIBER:  That's correct,

         5       yeah.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Galiber-Goodman.

         7                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Yes.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

         9       Sponsorship on Resolution Number 3623 is open to

        10       the members who would indicate to the clerk that

        11       they would like to be co-sponsors.

        12                      Question is on the Resolution

        13       Calendar.  All those in favor, signify by saying

        14       aye.

        15                      (Response of "Aye.")

        16                      Opposed nay.

        17                      (There was no response. )

        18                      The Resolution Calendar is

        19       adopted with the exceptions as noted.

        20                      Senator Present.

        21                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Would you

        22       recognize Senator Galiber, please.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The Chair











                                                             
3711

         1       recognizes Senator Galiber.

         2                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         4       Galiber waives at the present time.

         5                      Senator Present.

         6                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

         7       could we take up the non-controversial calendar.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk

         9       will read the non-controversial calendar.

        10                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Mr. President.

        11       Mr. President.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        13       DiCarlo.

        14                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Mr. President,

        15       on behalf of Senator Libous, he'd like to star

        16       Bill Numbers 847, 901, 932 and 987.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sponsor's

        18       stars placed on Calendar Numbers 901, 902 -

        19                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  901, 847, 932

        20       and 987.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sponsor's

        22       stars are placed.

        23                      The Clerk will read the











                                                             
3712

         1       non-controversial calendar.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 11 of

         3       today's calendar, Calendar Number 304, by

         4       Senator Goodman, Senate Bill Number 1622-C, an

         5       act to amend the Social Services Law.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        11       roll.

        12                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 34.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        15       is passed.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       317, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number

        18       1985-C, an act to amend the Executive Law.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        20       last section.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        22       act shall take effect immediately.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the











                                                             
3713

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 36.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       583, by Senator Stafford, Senate Bill Number

         8       439-B, an act to amend the Retirement and Social

         9       Security Law.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last

        11       section.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        13       act shall take effect immediately.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        15       roll.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 37.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        19       is passed.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       712, by Senator Goodman, Senate Bill Number

        22       7242, an act to amend the Executive Law.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last











                                                             
3714

         1       section.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         3       act shall take effect immediately.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         5       roll.

         6                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 38.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         9       is passed.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        11       746, by Senator Hannon.

        12                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        13       for the day, please.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        15       bill aside for the day.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       759, by Senator Holland, Senate Bill Number

        18       3535, an act to relocate the Spring Valley Toll

        19       Plaza of the New York State Thruway.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        21       last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2 -

        23                      SENATOR LEICHTER: Lay aside.











                                                             
3715

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

         2       bill aside at the request of Senator Leichter.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       818, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number

         5       6344-A, an act to amend the General Municipal

         6       Law, in relation to authorizing an "early bird"

         7       bingo game.

         8                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay aside for

         9       the day, please.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        11       bill aside for the day.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       851, by Senator Libous, Senate Bill Number 7036

        14       A, an act to amend the Mental Hygiene Law.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        16       last section.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        18       act shall take effect immediately.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        20       roll.

        21                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 38.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The











                                                             
3716

         1       bill's passed.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         3       904, by member of the Assembly Cahill, Assembly

         4       Bill number 10090, an act to amend the Public

         5       Health Law and the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        11       roll.

        12                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 38.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        15       is passed.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        17       906, by Senator Tully, Senate Bill Number 7740,

        18       an act to amend Chapter 483 of the Laws of 1978,

        19       amending the Public Health Law.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        21       last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        23       act shall take effect immediately.











                                                             
3717

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         2       roll.

         3                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 38.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         6       is passed.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         8       908, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 1405,

         9       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  Senator Levy, can

        11       we have one day on this bill?

        12                      SENATOR LEVY:  Absolutely.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        14       bill aside for the day.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       909, by Senator Volker, Senate Bill Number 1778,

        17       an act to amend the Parks, Recreation and

        18       Historic Preservation Law.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        20       last section.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        22       act shall take effect immediately.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the











                                                             
3718

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 38.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       910, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 5551,

         8       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

         9       relation to making it a felony to operate a

        10       school bus while under the influence of

        11       alcohol.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        13       last section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect immediately.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes for...  ayes

        20       39.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        22       is passed.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number











                                                             
3719

         1       914, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 7931,

         2       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

         3       relation to the suspension and restoration of a

         4       driver's license.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last

         6       section.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         8       act shall take effect immediately.

         9                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside,

        10       please.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        12       bill aside.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        14       915, by Senator Wright, Senate Bill Number 7939,

        15       an act to amend the Education Law and the Mental

        16       Hygiene Law.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        18       last section.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        20       act shall take effect immediately.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        22       roll.

        23                      (The Secretary called the roll. )











                                                             
3720

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 39.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         3       is passed.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         5       916, by Senator Wright, Senate Bill Number 7947,

         6       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last

         8       section.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        10       act shall take effect immediately.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        12       roll.

        13                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 42.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        16       is passed.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       918, by Senator Wright, Senate Bill Number 8373,

        19       an act to amend Chapter 812 of the Laws of

        20       1987.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last

        22       section.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This











                                                             
3721

         1       act shall take effect immediately.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 43.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       919, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number 7372,

        10       an act to amend the Executive Law.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last

        12       section.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        14       act shall take effect immediately.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        16       roll.

        17                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 43.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        20       is passed.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       920, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number 7908,

        23       an act to amend the Executive Law.











                                                             
3722

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Last

         2       section.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         4       act shall take effect immediately.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         6       roll.

         7                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 44.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        10       is passed.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       922, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 3034-A,

        13       an act to amend the Executive Law, in relation

        14       to state aid to rural areas.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        16       last section.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        18       act shall take effect immediately.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        20       roll.

        21                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside,

        22       please.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the











                                                             
3723

         1       bill aside, please.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         3       927, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number

         4       6538-C, Executive Law, in relation to reporting

         5       duties with respect to missing children.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        11       roll.

        12                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 43, nays

        14       one, Senator Kuhl recorded in the negative.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        16       is passed.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       928, by member of the Assembly Straniere,

        19       Assembly Bill Number 9288, an act to amend

        20       Chapter 759 of the Laws of 1973.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        22       last section.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This











                                                             
3724

         1       act shall take effect immediately.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 46.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       934, by Senator Stafford, Senate Bill Number

        10       7066, an act to amend the State Finance Law.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        12       last section.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        14       act shall take effect immediately.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        16       roll.

        17                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 45, nays

        19       one, Senator Kuhl recorded in the -- Senator

        20       Kuhl recorded in the negative.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        22       is passed.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Also Senator











                                                             
3725

         1       Saland recorded in the negative on Calendar

         2       Number 934.

         3                      Calendar Number 936, by Senator

         4       Stafford, Senate Bill Number 7167, an act to

         5       amend the State Finance Law.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        11       roll.

        12                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 45, nays

        14       one, Senator Kuhl recorded in the negative.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        16       is passed.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       937, by member of the Assembly Colman, Assembly

        19       Bill Number 10022, an act to amend Chapter 741

        20       of the Laws of 1985.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        22       last section.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This











                                                             
3726

         1       act shall take effect immediately.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 46.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       938, by Senator Stafford, Senate Bill Number

        10       7328, an act to amend the Executive Law, in

        11       relation to disclosure required at the time of

        12       solicitation.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        14       last section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        16       act shall take effect immediately.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        18       roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 47.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        22       is passed.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number











                                                             
3727

         1       939, by member of the Assembly Dinowitz,

         2       Assembly Bill Number 10487, New York State

         3       Printing and Public Documents Law.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         5       last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 47.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       940, by Senator Daly, Senate Bill Number 1095,

        16       an act to amend the Environmental Conservation

        17       Law.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        19       last section.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        21       act shall take effect immediately.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        23       roll.











                                                             
3728

         1                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 46, nays

         3       one, Senator Leichter recorded in the negative.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       944, by Senator Daly.

         8                      SENATOR DALY:  Lay aside for the

         9       day.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        11       bill aside for the day.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       960, by the Assembly Committee on Rules,

        14       Assembly Bill Number 8483, an act to amend the

        15       General Obligations Law.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        17       last section.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        19       act shall take effect immediately.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        21       roll.

        22                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 47.











                                                             
3729

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         2       is passed.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       961, by Senator DiCarlo, Senate Bill Number

         5       7577, proposing an amendment to the

         6       Constitution.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         8       last section.  Oops!  Excuse me.  No last

         9       section.  Call the roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 47.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        13       resolution is adopted.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       964, by Senator Goodman, Senate Bill Number

        16       1257-A, an act to amend the Alcoholic Beverage

        17       Control Law.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        19       last section.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        21       act shall take effect immediately.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        23       roll.











                                                             
3730

         1                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 48.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         4       is passed.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         6       966, by Senator Skelos, Senate Bill Number 208

         7       A, an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         9       last section.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        11       act shall take effect immediately.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        13       roll.

        14                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 48.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        17       is passed.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        19       968, by Senator Wright, Senate Bill Number 7301,

        20       an act to amend the Tax Law, in relation to

        21       refunds for over-payment of highway use tax.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        23       last section.











                                                             
3731

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         2       act shall take effect immediately.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         4       roll.

         5                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 48.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         8       is passed.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        10       979, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 787-B,

        11       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        13       last section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect immediately.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 48.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        21       is passed.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       985, by Senator DiCarlo, Senate Bill Number











                                                             
3732

         1       7767, Vehicle and Traffic Law, in relation to

         2       special distinctive license plates for New York

         3       veterans.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         5       last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       988, by Senator Wright, Senate Bill Number 7417,

        16       Education Law, in relation to apportionment of

        17       aid to certain reorganizing school districts.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        19       last section.

        20                      SENATOR WRIGHT:  Lay that aside

        21       for the day, please.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        23       bill aside for the day.











                                                             
3733

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         2       991, by Senator Maltese, Senate Bill Number

         3       3265-A, an act to amend the Social Services

         4       Law.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         6       last section.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         8       act shall take effect immediately.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        10       roll.

        11                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        14       is passed.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  I'm sorry.  In

        16       relation to Calendar Number 941, ayes 48, nays

        17       one, Senator Galiber recorded in the negative.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        19       is passed.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       1001, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 785,

        22       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law,

        23       making technical corrections.











                                                             
3734

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         2       last section.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         4       act shall take effect immediately.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         6       roll.

         7                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        10       is passed.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       1002, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 2551,

        13       an act to amend the Highway Law, in relation to

        14       the definition of the Southern Tier Expressway.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        16       last section.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        18       act shall take effect immediately.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        20       roll.

        21                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill











                                                             
3735

         1       is passed.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         3       1005, by Senator Lack, Senate Bill Number

         4       4044-A, an act to amend the Public Authorities

         5       Law.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         7       last section.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         9       act shall take effect -

        10                      SENATOR GOLD:  Lay it aside.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        12       bill aside.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        14       1008, by Senator Oppenheimer, Senate Bill Number

        15       5112, an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic

        16       Law.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  There's a

        18       home rule message at the desk.  Read the last

        19       section.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        21       act shall take effect immediately.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        23       roll.











                                                             
3736

         1                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         2                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Can I explain

         3       my vote?

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sure.

         5       Call the roll.

         6                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         8       Dollinger to explain his vote.

         9                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        10       President, I just rise -- I understand what is

        11       my colleague, Senator Oppenheimer's intent

        12       behind this bill.  I support this.

        13                      The people in Corn Hill and

        14       downtown city of Rochester have been waiting for

        15       a residential permit parking, I think, for about

        16       a decade.  Jack Perry carried the bill before I

        17       did.  It hasn't been acted on.  If we're going

        18       to do this, I think we ought to do it fair and

        19       square across the state.

        20                      So I'm voting no until such time

        21       as the people in Rochester get the same treat

        22       ment as the people in Rye and other places

        23       across this state.











                                                             
3737

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Announce

         2       the results.  Senator Dollinger in the negative.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49, nays

         4       one, Senator Dollinger recorded in the

         5       negative.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       1012, by Senator Maltese, Senate Bill Number

        10       5924, an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic

        11       Law.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        13       last section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect immediately.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        21       is passed.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       1013, by Senator DeFrancisco, Senate Bill Number











                                                             
3738

         1       6393-A, an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic

         2       Law, in relation to license plates of rental

         3       vehicles.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         5       last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       1019, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 7903,

        16       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        18       last section.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        20       act shall take effect immediately.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        22       roll.

        23                      (The Secretary called the roll. )











                                                             
3739

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49, nays

         2       one, Senator Cook recorded in the negative.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         4       is passed.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         6       1022, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 7946,

         7       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

         8       relation to proof of repair of defective

         9       equipment.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        11       last section.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        13       act shall take effect immediately.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        15       roll.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        19       is passed.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       1023, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 7991,

        22       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the











                                                             
3740

         1       last section.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         3       act shall take effect immediately.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         5       roll.

         6                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         9       is passed.

        10                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Did we call the

        11       vote on this one yet?

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Yes.

        13                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Reconsider the

        14       vote.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  On the

        16       motion for reconsideration of the vote by which

        17       this bill was passed, the clerk will call the

        18       roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll on

        20       reconsideration. )

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50.

        22                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay it aside

        23       for the day, please.











                                                             
3741

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Bill is

         2       laid aside for the day.

         3                      SENATOR LEVY:  Mr. President can

         4       we star 1023.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         6       Levy, we'll place a sponsor's star on Calendar

         7       Number 1023.

         8                      SENATOR PATAKI:  Mr. President.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        10       Pataki.

        11                      SENATOR PATAKI:  I'd request

        12       unanimous consent to be recorded in the negative

        13       on Calendar Number 934.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        15       objection, Senator Pataki will be recorded in

        16       the negative on Calendar Number 934.

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        18       1025, by member of the Assembly A. Greene,

        19       Assembly Bill Number 9241, Vehicle and Traffic

        20       Law, in relation to requiring bicycle helmets.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk

        22       will read the last section.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This











                                                             
3742

         1       act shall take effect immediately.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 47, nays 3,

         6       Senators Cook, Johnson and Rath recorded in the

         7       negative.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         9       is passed.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        11       1026, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 8183,

        12       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

        13       relation to preferential use lanes.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        15       last section.

        16                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        17       act shall take effect immediately.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        19       roll.

        20                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 52.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        23       is passed.











                                                             
3743

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         2       1027, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 8228,

         3       Vehicle and Traffic Law, and the General

         4       Business Law, in relation to bicycle helmets.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

         6       last section.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         8       act shall take effect immediately.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        10       roll.

        11                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 52.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        14       bill's passed.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       1029, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 8301,

        17       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

        18       relation to requirement to mandate full resident

        19       address.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        21       last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        23       act shall take effect immediately.











                                                             
3744

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         2       roll.

         3                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 52.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         6       is passed.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         8       1030, by Senator Levy, Senate Bill Number 8302,

         9       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Read the

        11       last section.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        13       act shall take effect immediately.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        15       roll.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        18       the negative on Calendar Number 1030 are

        19       Senators DeFrancisco, DiCarlo, Kuhl, Rath and

        20       Spano, also Senator Larkin, also Senator Daly,

        21       also Senator Sears -- wait a minute.

        22                      Those recorded in the negative on

        23       calendar -- those recorded in the negative on











                                                             
3745

         1       Calendar Number 1030 are Senators Cook, Daly,

         2       DeFrancisco, DiCarlo, Kuhl, Larkin, Libous,

         3       Maltese, Present, Rath, Sears, Seward, Spano,

         4       Stafford and Wright.  Ayes -- also Senator

         5       Saland.  Ayes 36, nays 16.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      Senator Present, that completes

         9       the non-controversial calendar.

        10                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        11       can we return to motions and resolutions and

        12       would you recognize Senator Galiber, please.

        13                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Yes, thank you,

        14       Mr. President.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        16       Galiber.

        17                      SENATOR GALIBER:  And thank you

        18       for the consideration.  Resolution 3542 was the

        19       one which was set aside for -- for my benefit

        20       and, Mr. President, would you have that

        21       resolution, if it's in order, to be read in its

        22       entirety.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk











                                                             
3746

         1       will read the resolution.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Legislative

         3       Resolution, by Senator Galiber, commemorating

         4       the 40th Anniversary of the Landmark Decision in

         5       Brown versus the Board of Education, Topeka,

         6       Kansas, upon the occasion of a Discussion with

         7       the renowned Brown Family at the New York State

         8       Museum in Albany, New York, on May 20th, 1994.

         9                      WHEREAS, it is the sense of this

        10       legislative body that those who give positive

        11       definition to the profile and disposition of

        12       their communities do so profoundly strengthen

        13       our shared commitment to the exercise of

        14       freedom;

        15                      Attendant to such concern and

        16       fully in accord with its long-standing

        17       traditions, it is the intent of this legislative

        18       body to commemorate this 40th anniversary of the

        19       landmark decision of Brown versus the Board of

        20       Education, Topeka, Kansas and commend the

        21       courage and integrity of the brave men and women

        22       who fought at great personal and professional

        23       risk the doctrine of "separate but equal";











                                                             
3747

         1                      To commemorate this landmark

         2       decision, the New York African-American Research

         3       Foundation of the University of the state of New

         4       York is presenting a symposium and lecture,

         5       including a discussion with the renowned Brown

         6       family, entitled "A Matter of Access and

         7       Equity," at the New York State Museum Cultural

         8       Education Center in Albany, New York on May 20,

         9       1994;

        10                      Having grown up in a country

        11       which did not socially acknowledge its inherent

        12       equality and having seen the effects of the

        13       prejudice upon the community, Charles Houston

        14       dedicated his life to a cause which inspired the

        15       founders of this country, that of equality and

        16       freedom;

        17                      Armed with this vision and an

        18       intimate knowledge of the law, Charles Houston

        19       took the position of vice dean of Howard Law

        20       School in 1929, where he was able to train an

        21       impressive legal team similarly devoted to the

        22       cause of equality;

        23                      Although Houston was unable to











                                                             
3748

         1       see the fruits of his labors in his lifetime,

         2       the strategy which he developed was carried

         3       through by his students, most notably Thurgood

         4       Marshall; his leadership melded together an

         5       impressive legal team which simultaneously tried

         6       numerous segregation cases, each carefully

         7       constructed to prove that the presence of

         8       segregated schools grossly denied the

         9       constitutional claim to equal rights for all

        10       citizens;

        11                      In 1954, the goals of this team

        12       were finally realized in the decision of Brown

        13       versus the Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas;

        14       in a unanimous decision, the Supreme Court over

        15       turned the legal basis for segregation and said,

        16       in the words of Chief Justice Earl Warren, "We

        17       conclude that, in the field of public education,

        18       the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no

        19       place.  Separate educational facilities are

        20       inherently unequal.  Therefore, we hold that the

        21       plaintiffs and others similarly situated for

        22       whom the actions have been brought are, by

        23       reason of the segregation complained of,











                                                             
3749

         1       deprived of the equal protection of the laws

         2       guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment...";

         3                      The victory of those who fought

         4       this battle against injustice acted as a cata

         5       lyst to highlight the issues of civil rights

         6       within the national consciousness, reinvigorat

         7       ing our nation's ongoing struggle to achieve

         8       equality and freedom;

         9                      NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED

        10       that this legislative body pause in its

        11       deliberations to commend the brave men and women

        12       who so ardently fought for the cause of justice

        13       and commemorate the anniversary of the ruling of

        14       Brown versus the Board of Education, Topeka,

        15       Kansas, and

        16                      BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that

        17       copies of this resolution, suitably engrossed,

        18       be transmitted to the New York African-American

        19       Research Foundation, State University of New

        20       York, and the Brown family.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        22       Galiber on the resolution.

        23                      SENATOR GALIBER:  Thank you, Mr.











                                                             
3750

         1       President.

         2                      Last week some of us recall the

         3       historical event that happened in South Africa

         4       and, at that time, Mr. President, I had thought

         5       seriously about joining those resolutions

         6       because there is a comparison to be made and, in

         7       a sense, something which happened some time ago

         8       in our country emphasized the fact that

         9       apartheid was here first in this country of ours

        10       and those of us recalled that in 19 -- 1857, the

        11       Dred Scott decision.  We must go back in history

        12       a bit to fully appreciate what this Board of

        13       Education -- Brown versus the Board of Education

        14       is really all about.

        15                      In 1857, Judge Tenney, Chief

        16       Judge, talked about citizenship and, up until

        17       that particular time, this horrible decision

        18       which said to us that there were some in our

        19       communities and in our country who do not -- are

        20       not recognized as citizens of this great nation;

        21       and all of us can recall the Preamble:  We, the

        22       people of the United States, in order to form a

        23       more perfect Union, establish justice and ensure











                                                             
3751

         1       domestic tranquility, provide for the common

         2       defense, promote the general welfare and secure

         3       the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our

         4       prosperity, do ordain and establish this

         5       Constitution for the United States of America.

         6       Preamble of a great, great instrument.

         7                      Built into that instrument,

         8       however, was some question as to whether we were

         9       dealing with all citizens, and those of us who

        10       recall our history, not to take you through a

        11       course in constitutional law -- certainly not

        12       qualified to do so -- recognize that there was a

        13       segment of our community which was not included,

        14       and that we talked about three-quarters of a

        15       person, of a citizen; yet there was some hope

        16       until this decision because it wasn't clear, we

        17       weren't sure that three-quarters of a person or

        18       a citizen for tax purposes really was in the old

        19       days a set aside which we argue about, whether

        20       it was a form of affirmative action, but we set

        21       aside a particular group of people.  That's a

        22       set aside and it happened way back then.

        23                      But Judge Tenney said in his











                                                             
3752

         1       decision, "citizens" and he used two criteria

         2       and in his criteria, he said Americans, persons

         3       who were born here, they're O.K., and those

         4       persons who came along thereafter who migrated

         5       were O.K., but he made it crystal clear that

         6       citizens of color were not included, and we had

         7       that decision to live with for a long, long

         8       while, and we were talking about the foundation

         9       for institutional racism which has been a mark

        10       upon this great nation of ours for so many

        11       years.

        12                      Then came along some years later

        13       the Fourteenth Amendment, and we started talking

        14       about three categories of citizen.  There was

        15       some question there, and we finally came to the

        16       conclusion that there was still some hope, but

        17       by then the damage was done.

        18                      "Apartheid" means simply a

        19       separation and, if you look to the definition,

        20       it's a racial segregation, specifically a policy

        21       of segregation and political and economic

        22       discrimination against non-European groups in

        23       the Republic of South Africa.  And interestingly











                                                             
3753

         1       enough, that was coined in 1947 and the decision

         2       I make reference to, the Dred Scott decision,

         3       was 1857.  So we started it, ladies and

         4       gentlemen, this horrible notion of apartheid.

         5                      So today as we celebrate, if you

         6       will, that on May 17th, 1954, Mr. President,

         7       exactly four decades ago, the Supreme Court

         8       handed down its decision in Brown versus the

         9       Board of Education, and they were telling states

        10       and localities they could no longer maintain

        11       school systems that separated pupils by race,

        12       and the court's reasoning, simply stated, was

        13       that schools set aside for African-Americans

        14       would always be inferior, and this did not

        15       result from deficiency in terms of facilities,

        16       although that was un...  was usually the case.

        17                      Even if separate schools for

        18       African-Americans were well financed showcases,

        19       that would not have solved the problem.  The

        20       crucial fact, as the court saw it, was that

        21       segregation based on race sent the message to

        22       black children that whites did not want them in

        23       their schools and that exclusion, the justices











                                                             
3754

         1       concluded, generates a feeling of inferiority as

         2       to their status in the community that may affect

         3       their hearts and minds in a way unlikely ever to

         4       be undone.

         5                      The Supreme Court decision in

         6       Brown versus the Board of Education was an

         7       acknowledgement of conditions which had plagued

         8       the nation's African-American population since

         9       the Civil War and before.  It was a hard-won

        10       victory, one in which those fighting the battle

        11       stood to lose all, from the lawyers arguing

        12       against the societal ills to the children around

        13       whose situations the case was argued, to the

        14       communities which would need to find a means to

        15       survive after the fighting in the European

        16       American community which they had to interact

        17       with on a daily basis.

        18                      Despite the odds, the persons of

        19       courage took up the battle which, fueled by the

        20       energy of those at the grass roots, the people

        21       who daily faced the evils of discrimination,

        22       channeling through their leadership of the NAACP

        23       and the Legal Defense, they asked to show that











                                                             
3755

         1       separate schools would never be equal and those

         2       fighting this battle had to prove legally what

         3       was already known socially, that the

         4       consequences of segregation, the psychological,

         5       the intellectual and the financial damage

         6       precluded equality.

         7                      The Legal Defense Fund lawyers

         8       called on the NAACP officers to gather cases

         9       from around this great nation to use as

        10       ammunition for the constitutional cannon they

        11       were about to fire.  They wanted cases from

        12       different states and different situations, a

        13       broad attack, to make it harder for the court to

        14       hand down a decision limited to a particular

        15       case.

        16                      With 2.2 million African-American

        17       students in the nation, all African-American

        18       elementary schools, certainly the search did not

        19       take long.  The inequalities which occurred as a

        20       result of separation, which apparently even the

        21       most casual observers could take notice of in

        22       some school districts in the country, the

        23       disparities between the amount of money spent on











                                                             
3756

         1       European-American children was over four times

         2       greater than that spent on African-American

         3       children, overcrowding of our children in

         4       African-American schools, left these children

         5       with a pupil ratio of 40 to 1 compared to 20 to

         6       1 for the European-American schools.

         7                      In addition, facilities were

         8       rarely comparable.  Simple things such as

         9       gymnasiums and libraries were often in

        10       accessible to the African-American children.  To

        11       argue that equality was theoretically possible

        12       was to ignore the significance of a fact of

        13       racism, that even were it financially possible

        14       to provide separate and truly equal educational

        15       opportunities, money for this cost would be

        16       grudgingly, if at all, given by the dominant

        17       European-American society.

        18                      The costs of racism, however,

        19       were far more invidious than simple monetary

        20       inequality.  Psychologically the effects of

        21       segregation took an enormous toll on the

        22       children who lived within its boundaries.  The

        23       signal sent by a society which forbid the











                                                             
3757

         1       mingling of races was heard and interpreted by

         2       African-American children in the only way it

         3       could be, that they must be bad, less worthy or

         4       not nice, and a series of sociological

         5       experiments by Kenneth Clark on the self-image

         6       of African-American children as related to their

         7       race confirmed this fact.

         8                      Self-image naturally correlates

         9       to the limits which a child sets for himself or

        10       herself, so that by telling the child that he or

        11       she was inferior, society also told the child

        12       that she was incapable or he was incapable of

        13       knowing certain things, incapable of learning

        14       certain things, and after being told this many

        15       times, the child becomes less likely to learn

        16       and, with these and other arguments in mind, the

        17       NAACP built its strategy and within the many

        18       cases that the NAACP and the Legal Defense Fund

        19       tried in an attempt to chip away, if you will,

        20       at the legal basis of "separate but equal" was a

        21       case concerning a 7-year-old girl named Linda

        22       Brown.

        23                      Linda Brown lived in the town











                                                             
3758

         1       called Topeka, Kansas and had to cross railroad

         2       tracks in a nearby switching yard and, in the

         3       switching yard each day she took that trip to

         4       get to school and this rickety bus would take

         5       her to an African-American school.

         6                      Now, this wasn't the worst that

         7       African-American children had to endure, but her

         8       father was fed up with his child having to go to

         9       school -- go to school across the tracks when

        10       there was a school much closer to home, a

        11       European-American school.  The argument argues,

        12       if you will, around Linda Brown was clear that

        13       separate could never be equal regardless of

        14       equality and resources or facilities.

        15                      Finally, the court did concur

        16       and, with the arguments presented by the

        17       plaintiffs and as the Chief Justice Earl Warren

        18       noted in the court's decision, "To separate

        19       African-American children from others of similar

        20       age and qualification solely because of their

        21       race generates a feeling of inferiority as to

        22       their status in the community that may affect

        23       their hearts and minds in a way very unlikely to











                                                             
3759

         1       be undone, and we conclude unanimously that in

         2       the field of public education, the doctrine of

         3       "separate but equal" has no place.  Separate

         4       educational facilities are inherently unequal."

         5                      In reaching this decision, the

         6       court knew, and those fighting for the cases

         7       knew that it would have a far-reaching impact on

         8       American society.  The rebuttal of the doctrine

         9       of "separate but equal" in the schools led the

        10       way for the demise of legal segregation in the

        11       nation as a whole.

        12                      Similarly de facto segregation

        13       was recognized, and the initial steps taken

        14       against it.  In all, this case served as a

        15       catalyst by which issues of civil rights were

        16       highlighted within the nation's consciousness,

        17       reinvigorating our nation's ongoing struggle to

        18       achieve equality and freedom.

        19                      So my colleagues, as we pause

        20       today, we need to reflect, to reflect on the

        21       sacrifices made by the individuals who made

        22       these valuable contributions to the cause of

        23       equality and freedom in the United States.











                                                             
3760

         1                      In commemorating their victory,

         2       we must remember that there is still much work

         3       to be done to continue the struggle for which

         4       they sacrificed so much and, even today, true

         5       equality between races eludes us.  Even today,

         6       children are separated, if not by law, then

         7       socially, economically and historically.  We

         8       must now focus our efforts toward achieving

         9       balance in these areas so that all individuals

        10       in society may contribute to the greatness

        11       which, if presently unrealized, can be achieved

        12       for this state and nation.

        13                      In this way we can remain true to

        14       the legacy of the brave men and women who have

        15       gone before us together.

        16                      Mr. President, I thank you and I

        17       suggest that the resolution be open for all

        18       those who are desirous of sharing this very

        19       important day in this great history of the

        20       country.

        21                      Thank you.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The Chair

        23       recognizes Senator Present.











                                                             
3761

         1                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Why not use the

         2       procedure we've used in the past and add every

         3       body's names except those who have declined.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Everybody

         5       will be placed on the resolution except those

         6       people who would like to indicate to the clerk

         7       that they don't wish to be on the resolution.

         8                      The Chair would recognize Senator

         9       Espada on the resolution.

        10                      SENATOR ESPADA:  Thank you, Mr.

        11       President.

        12                      Like Senator Galiber, I would

        13       like to rise to reflect back on last week's

        14       bipartisan resolution which celebrated the birth

        15       of a nation on the continent of Africa.  We saw,

        16       of course -- we were witness to history -- where

        17       a segregated society finally decided to create

        18       for itself a new moral authority, a new moral

        19       force to guide its future, and many supporters

        20       of that resolution hoped aloud that somehow the

        21       influence would travel 8,000 miles and impact

        22       upon the United States of America, New York

        23       State and certainly in these chambers, and we











                                                             
3762

         1       wait.

         2                      Today, we commemorate a landmark

         3       Supreme Court decision that 40 years ago

         4       outlawed racially segregated schools.  I, as a

         5       youngster in the South Bronx, first learned

         6       about this decision at P.S. 157.  I have a

         7       constituent Harry Briggs, Jr. His daughter

         8       attends 157, the same school that I attended.

         9       When I attended, we had about 20 to 22 students

        10       in the classroom, some African-American, some

        11       Puerto Rican Latinos, and some whites.  Today

        12       the daughter of my constituent Harry Briggs,

        13       whose father, Harry Briggs, Sr., filed a lawsuit

        14       in Summerton, South Carolina in 19 -- the early

        15       1950s, and was the lawsuit that a young lawyer,

        16       Thurgood Marshall, first used to make his

        17       argument before the federal court that separate

        18       education was inherently unequal, today the

        19       great -- the granddaughter of Mr. Briggs who

        20       attends 157, attends 157 with about 30 to 35

        21       children in her classroom, none white.

        22                      To say that we've gone backwards

        23       would be an under... an understatement.  We have











                                                             
3763

         1       gone backwards, Mr. President, not solely

         2       because our children cannot read or write, not

         3       solely because the state educational formula

         4       penalizes these children year in and year out

         5       for being poor, but we, I think, most

         6       regrettably have to take note of the fact that

         7       throughout New York State and throughout this

         8       country, but more focused on New York State, New

         9       York State has the most segregated school system

        10       in this nation where 85 percent of African

        11       American students attend minority schools with

        12       no whites enrolled in that school.

        13                      Hispanic Latino, Puerto Rican

        14       students are perhaps the most segregated in that

        15       certain linguistic cultural barriers have been

        16       erected to create that isolation and alienation,

        17       and while I maintain the ideal and the hope that

        18       we can have mixed -- racially mixed schools,

        19       economically mixed schools, I'd like to just

        20       focus in on some reality checks.

        21                      This Senator from the South Bronx

        22       would settle, in commemorating this 40th anni

        23       versary, for an educational aid formula that











                                                             
3764

         1       recognizes -- truly recognizes -- need, poverty,

         2       in the children of districts like the South

         3       Bronx but all throughout the state, rural,

         4       suburban, inner city, but after we get through

         5       with fair resource allocation, let's just

         6       reflect on one thing, that the cruelest thing of

         7       all is that there are white children attending

         8       white schools throughout this state and this

         9       country that think that that's O.K., and I think

        10       that bears more than reflection.  It bears a

        11       heavy burden on us to correct that, because I

        12       was enriched by the diversity in my classroom, a

        13       diversity that this young lady that I make

        14       reference to, Miss Briggs, does not enjoy and,

        15       quite honestly, given the demographics of the

        16       area in New York City and the way we're headed,

        17       will not enjoy.

        18                      What makes people in the early

        19       1950s, before that and certainly now, brave in

        20       this fashion without cause is the real issue if

        21       we're going to correct this matter.  I think, in

        22       commemorating this decision, this Supreme Court

        23       decision, we have to take note of the fact that











                                                             
3765

         1       we have the law on our side theoretically, that

         2       things haven't changed.

         3                      I don't blame this on suburbia.

         4       I don't blame this on the Republican Senate

         5       Majority.  I have, in the Bronx side by side,

         6       school boards where they're scandal-ridden,

         7       where minority parents, people that look like me

         8       and others on the Democratic side of this aisle,

         9       they have all the controls.  They have

        10       mismanaged; they have corrupted school systems,

        11       so in no way am I pointing fingers.  I think

        12       we've all failed our children in one degree or

        13       another, but some of us are in a better position

        14       to change things than others.

        15                      Racism permeates not just our

        16       educational institutions, Mr. President.  It's

        17       worse than that.  Last week a colleague of mine

        18       in the Assembly, Assemblyman Ramirez, held

        19       hearings on discrimination in the provision of

        20       health services in major hospitals in New York

        21       City, to wit., we had Mount Sinai as the case in

        22       point, and Mount Sinai had a practice that ended

        23       recently, we're told, wherein maternity patients











                                                             
3766

         1       who had a certain type of insurance, say

         2       Medicaid, were housed in one floor and patients

         3       that had, quote, "private insurance" were housed

         4       in another floor.  We were led to believe, as

         5       bad as it was, it was simply discrimination on

         6       the basis of payment method.  But the harsh

         7       reality of it was that, given a lawsuit that was

         8       filed recently by five African-American

         9       maternity patients who had private insurance and

        10       yet were steered to go to the Medicaid wing and

        11       were not provided with the kind of patient

        12       education and health care services that the

        13       so-called private patients usually receive, had

        14       filed that lawsuit, had brought right in front

        15       of us hard evidence that, in fact, this practice

        16       of separate and unequal, this practice of

        17       ascribing inferior status to people on the basis

        18       of who they are, racially and economically, is

        19       still alive and well.

        20                      And so, in commemorating both

        21       last week's resolution and this week's

        22       resolution, I say that the best that we can do

        23       is not to continue to pass resolutions but, in











                                                             
3767

         1       fact, I'd like to be as realistic and as

         2       practical as anybody else.

         3                      I will settle, to summarize, for

         4       a good and solid and fair educational aid

         5       formula that would benefit my district and the

         6       children who live in it, and I would also hope

         7       that by virtue of these resolutions and the

         8       things that we can actually do by way of law, by

         9       way of budgetary priorities, that we would make

        10       room to pass some legislation, implement some

        11       programs that support family life and do not

        12       destroy family life, that reward parity and

        13       don't make it more difficult on parents to bring

        14       their children up in a manner that we would all

        15       be proud.

        16                      I think, and I fear that we will

        17       find examples of legislation that would do the

        18       opposite.  Unfortunately, we'll have to get up

        19       again.  We'll have to put up our guard against

        20       those efforts, but we should truly be ashamed in

        21       this day and age we can support resolutions like

        22       this and actually behave in ways that are

        23       totally against the spirit and the law that we











                                                             
3768

         1       commemorate today.

         2                      Thank you so much.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The Chair

         4       recognizes Senator Dollinger on the resolution.

         5                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

         6       President, I rise just in very brief echo of the

         7       comments made by my colleague, Senator Galiber,

         8       and my colleague, Senator Espada.

         9                      I only disagree with Senator

        10       Espada about one thing, and that is it's my

        11       personal, political and practical opinion that

        12       the vision that you have of a school system in

        13       this state that will achieve the dream of Brown

        14       against the Board of Education, one that is not

        15       separate but equal, but one that is uniformly

        16       equal and high quality across the board, it is

        17       my political opinion that that will not happen

        18       here because the critical piece that's missing

        19       is that those who have been excluded from the

        20       political process will not have the political

        21       power to make that happen, and that's why what

        22       Brown against the Board of Education celebrates

        23       is the constitutional framework in which we











                                                             
3769

         1       establish the principle that we would create

         2       equal opportunity, we would create due process,

         3       we would create a system in which we recognize

         4       that the minority populations -- and we are all

         5       at some time in our lives in that minority

         6       populations when we have a traffic ticket, by

         7       virtue of our religion, by virtue of our

         8       ethnicity; at one time or another almost

         9       everybody in this country has been in that

        10       posture -- but it seems to me that what we

        11       celebrate today is a constitutional system which

        12       recognizes that there are certain fundamental

        13       rights which transcend the legislative process,

        14       and I reflect on Brown against the Board of

        15       Education and realize that it was the brilliance

        16       and the insight of the Supreme Court that took

        17       the message of the Fourteenth Amendment to

        18       heart, struck down a system for which there was

        19       no constitutional requirement, but used their

        20       own judgment and their own vision of what the

        21       Constitution really meant, to strike down a

        22       system that was no longer consistent with it.

        23                      It's that vision created by











                                                             
3770

         1       judges interpreting a Constitution that drove

         2       away separate but equal, not a standing

         3       Legislature, and that's the problem with our

         4       entire system of government is that the minority

         5       participation in those decisions by virtue of

         6       the fact that it is a minority, it doesn't have

         7       the majority political power to transform the

         8       landscape.

         9                      So while I share your vision for

        10       the school system in this state, it is my

        11       personal reflection that it will happen because

        12       of the constitutional principles set by the

        13       people of this state, those broad principles in

        14       which we recognize the quality of opportunity.

        15       That is what will result in the creation of a

        16       fair, truly equal, truly broad-based school

        17       system and a truly broad-based fair opportunity

        18       for all of us.

        19                      While I believe our conscience

        20       should drive us to be in that position in this

        21       Legislature, it is my personal opinion it will

        22       happen much as it did in the Brown against the

        23       Board of Education because of our constitutional











                                                             
3771

         1       principles and not because of our legislative

         2       action.

         3                      It's those broad constitutional

         4       principles that I celebrate today and when I

         5       reflect upon Brown against the Board of

         6       Education, I celebrate what was done by Earl

         7       Warren in bringing nine votes to the table to

         8       declare that a system of separate but equal had

         9       no place in a Constitution that recognized

        10       equality of opportunity for all, and that

        11       constitutional system that I, as a lawyer,

        12       celebrate today, it was vindicated in Brown

        13       against Board of Education.

        14                      It changed something that the

        15       legislatures would never have changed, and

        16       that's what we celebrate today, the principles

        17       it encompasses and the constitutional system set

        18       up with great vision by our forefathers.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The Chair

        20       recognizes Senator Connor.

        21                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Thank you, Mr.

        22       President.

        23                      I want to thank Senator Galiber











                                                             
3772

         1       for bringing this resolution to the floor and

         2       causing, and I think we all probably have

         3       personal recollections.  I remember being nine

         4       years old and having a touch of a virus on

         5       Monday morning, and I wasn't in school in May

         6       and watching TV, which program was interrupted

         7       late in the morning with the news of what the

         8       Supreme Court -- I remember it being happy,

         9       because I was of the political opinion that

        10       segregation was wrong and I could never concede

        11       from the time I first learned of it that there

        12       was a legal system in place anywhere in this

        13       country that enforced segregation.

        14                      Subsequently, in my studies as a

        15       lawyer, I had occasion to look quite a bit into

        16       the history of this case, the people who made it

        17       happen, a fine young lawyer named Thurgood

        18       Marshall, who went on literally to become one of

        19       the legal icons of this century, not just for

        20       his people, but for all Americans, and the

        21       argument -- somehow we may have forgotten the

        22       case was actually argued twice, Marshall against

        23       John Davis, and the Chief Justice died, the case











                                                             
3773

         1       was put over to the next term for re-argument.

         2       It was argued once again.

         3                      Fascinating evidentiary record,

         4       if you ever read the studies that Dr. Clark did

         5       with dolls, with young children and dolls, it

         6       would bring tears to your eyes because, as

         7       Senator Galiber pointed out, it demonstrated the

         8       kind of self-images that African-American

         9       children had, not because they were born with

        10       it, because this society laid it on them; and I

        11       think it's been quite a 40 years.

        12                      Brown versus Board of Education

        13       dealt with the school systems, but it dealt with

        14       more.  It was a moral statement about

        15       segregation, and subsequent to that everything

        16       from segregated buses to luncheon counters, to a

        17       segregated way of life in large parts of America

        18       vanished certainly as a legal entity and in many

        19       places vanished as a reality, although there

        20       remains much work to be done.

        21                      I think the most significant

        22       thing about Brown versus Board of Education, and

        23       I think we can all remember when President











                                                             
3774

         1       Eisenhower sent federal troops to Little Rock,

         2       when federal marshalls went to Alabama, there

         3       was massive resistance particularly in the south

         4       to the principles set down by Brown versus the

         5       Board of Education, and I think the most

         6       gratifying thing that I've seen was to recently

         7       read a poll that was done just in the last few

         8       weeks on the 40th anniversary, that found the

         9       overwhelming majority of Americans, in the 80s,

        10       high 80 percents, support and applaud Brown

        11       versus the Board of Education, and in the south,

        12       I think it was some 68 percent of those polled

        13       had a positive reaction and were glad for this

        14       decision and supported its principles at least

        15       as a political statement.

        16                      I think that's very, very

        17       important because it does show something that I

        18       think I mentioned last week when we had the

        19       Mandela resolution, that in freeing some of the

        20       people, the principles laid down by this case

        21       and the people who followed in the civil rights

        22       movement, in effect, freed everyone, the

        23       oppressors as well as the oppressed.











                                                             
3775

         1                      In a large step for democracy and

         2       freedom for all Americans, not just those who

         3       were enclosed in segregation, but those who were

         4       its ostensible beneficiaries have actually been

         5       lifted out of that and we have a far better

         6       country that we live in now, albeit much remains

         7       to be done.

         8                      So I applaud, again, Senator

         9       Galiber for this moment to pause and reflect on

        10       such a historic occasion.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        12       Goodman, you wish to be recognized?

        13                      SENATOR GOODMAN:  Yes, Mr.

        14       President.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        16       Goodman on the resolution.

        17                      SENATOR GOODMAN:  Mr. President,

        18       last week on the extraordinary occasion of the

        19       South African election, I was strongly tempted

        20       to say a word or two but, in fact, decided not

        21       to do so since it seemed a day for us to

        22       proclaim their really great exaltation at this

        23       historic moment in history; and I don't want to











                                                             
3776

         1       be presumptuous at this moment, but I do want to

         2       rise very briefly to say that I deeply

         3       appreciate Senator Galiber's initiative in

         4       bringing this resolution before us, and to say

         5       further that, when I realized a few weeks ago

         6       that this anniversary was coming up, I took out

         7       of the library a biography of Chief Justice

         8       Thurgood Marshall, and I found it an almost

         9       astonishing experience to read this, not just as

        10       a testament to the rise and development of an

        11       amazing intellect in a stellar leader, but also

        12       to match mentally as I progressed through this

        13       book, the shocking conditions which existed

        14       during the days of my youth and early adulthood

        15       further, which today, looking back, seem so

        16       grossly unacceptable and so amazingly repressive

        17       that it's hard to imagine that, within the short

        18       span of several of our lifetimes, the lifetime

        19       of anyone within the sound of my voice, that

        20       there were actually conditions that of the most

        21       vicious type of segregation.

        22                      Obviously much remains to be

        23       done, but it does seem to me that democracy's











                                                             
3777

         1       promise is reflected in some of the great

         2       constitutional progress that we've made and

         3       Brown versus Board of Education, with its

         4       absolute insistence that separate but equal must

         5       be banished from the American system, was only

         6       one of the hallmarks in a series of events which

         7       are aimed at trying to eliminate the horrors of

         8       segregation.

         9                      And, Mr. President, I'd simply

        10       like to say to Senator Galiber and my other

        11       colleagues on both sides of the aisle that we,

        12       as legislators, I think have a special

        13       obligation to see that the forward momentum

        14       which has been achieved so far is to be

        15       maintained and to recognize that there is still

        16       so much to be done.

        17                      I'm reminded of a little story

        18       about Winston Churchill halfway through the

        19       second World War.  He was at a garden party or,

        20       I don't know, an indoor party, at which a little

        21       old lady arose and said, "Prime Minister, I

        22       understand that all of the brandy you have

        23       consumed thus far during the second World War,











                                                             
3778

         1       if it were poured into this room, that it would

         2       reach this point on the side of the wall," and

         3       she reached way above her head, about halfway up

         4       the room, and Mr. Churchill looked at her and

         5       with a little smile said, "So much accomplished,

         6       my dear lady, but so much left to do."

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Is there

         8       any other Senator wishing to speak on this

         9       resolution?  If not, the question is on the

        10       resolution.  All those in favor, signify by

        11       saying aye.

        12                      (Response of "Aye.")

        13                      Opposed nay.

        14                      (There was no response. )

        15                      The resolution is carried

        16       unanimously.

        17                      Senator Holland.

        18                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  Mr. President,

        19       for Senator Skelos, on page 30, I offer the

        20       following amendments to Calendar Number 818,

        21       Senate Print Number 6344-A, and ask that the

        22       said bill retain its place on the Third Reading

        23       Calendar.











                                                             
3779

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

         2       objection, so ordered.

         3                      Senator DiCarlo.

         4                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Mr. President,

         5       I wish to call up bill 537, recalled from the

         6       Assembly for Senator Kuhl, which is now at the

         7       desk.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Secretary

         9       will read.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  By Senator Kuhl,

        11       Senate Bill Number 537, an act to amend the

        12       Agriculture and Markets Law.

        13                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Mr. President,

        14       I now move to reconsider the vote by which this

        15       bill passed.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  On the

        17       motion for reconsideration, the clerk will call

        18       the roll.

        19                      (The Secretary called the roll on

        20       reconsideration. )

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 55.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        23       is before the house.











                                                             
3780

         1                      SENATOR DiCARLO:  Mr. President,

         2       I now offer the following amendments.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

         4       Amendments are received and accepted.

         5                      Senator Cook.

         6                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President, on

         7       page 56, I offer the following amendments to

         8       Calendar Number 416, Senate Print 2970, and ask

         9       that said bill retain its place on the Third

        10       Reading Calendar.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        12       objection, so ordered.

        13                      Senator Hoffmann.

        14                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Request

        15       unanimous consent, please, to be recorded in the

        16       negative on Calendar Number 1030.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        18       objection, Senator Hoffmann in the negative on

        19       Calendar Number 1030.

        20                      Senator Kruger.

        21                      SENATOR KRUGER:  Mr. President, I

        22       ask unanimous consent to be recorded in the

        23       negative on Calendar Number 727.











                                                             
3781

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

         2       objection, Senator Kruger will be in the

         3       negative on Calendar Number 727.

         4                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President,

         5       could we just recognize Senator Kruger.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Recognize

         7       Senator Kruger.

         8                      SENATOR KRUGER:  Yes, Mr.

         9       President.  On yesterday's calendar, if I had

        10       been in the chamber, I would have been recorded

        11       in the negative on Calendar 727.

        12                      SENATOR GOLD:  Thank you very

        13       much.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        15       record will so reflect, Senator Kruger.

        16                      Senator Present.

        17                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        18       let's take up the controversial calendar.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk

        20       will read the controversial calendar.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 27,

        22       Calendar Number 759, by Senator Holland, Senate

        23       Bill Number 3535, relocate the Spring Valley











                                                             
3782

         1       Toll Plaza of the New York State Thruway.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         3       Leichter.

         4                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Would Senator

         5       Holland yield?

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         7       Holland, will you yield to Senator Leichter?

         8                      SENATOR HOLLAND: Yes.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        10       Leichter, Senator Holland yields.

        11                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Senator, why?

        12                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  Why?

        13                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Yes.

        14                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  It really is

        15       unfair, in my estimation, for the citizens of

        16       Rockland and Orange County to have this toll

        17       barrier in the middle of Rockland County.  The

        18       figures show that the Thruway's revenue last

        19       year -- I'm sorry, 1992, was approximately $294

        20       million.  Of that, approximately one quarter was

        21       collected from Harriman through the Yonkers toll

        22       barrier.  It's only 9 percent of the mileage,

        23       but almost a quarter of the revenue is collected











                                                             
3783

         1       in that area.

         2                      It seems unfair to me as just a

         3        -- I think it would help Rockland County if

         4       that toll barrier was removed, people would go

         5       on the Thruway; it would take traffic off of our

         6       Route 59 and reduce the trip across Rockland

         7       County from 45 minutes to less than 10 minutes,

         8       but basically, Senator, my thrust is that it's

         9       unfair to charge the people of Rockland County

        10       and the people of Orange County almost 25

        11       percent of the revenue for less than 9, or

        12       approximately 9 percent of the mileage on the

        13       Thruway.

        14                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  But, Senator

        15       Holland, if I understand it, the reason that so

        16       much of the total revenue of the Thruway is

        17       collected at these two tolls is because that's

        18       the end of the Thruway, so when I'm riding down

        19       the Thruway from Albany and other colleagues of

        20       mine, that's where we pay our tolls.

        21                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  No, sir, I'm

        22       not including the tickets collected at Harriman,

        23       I'm not including that.  I understand your











                                                             
3784

         1       point.  I'm carrying the 50 cents that's

         2       collected at Harriman, the 40 cents that's

         3       collected at Spring Valley, the two fifty that's

         4       collected on the bridge and the 40 cents that's

         5       collected at Yonkers to come to that almost 25

         6       percent, approximately $70 million.

         7                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Well, Senator,

         8       if we made the change that you propose, how much

         9       would it cost the Thruway, one, to change the

        10       tolls and, secondly, how much loss of revenue

        11       would there be?

        12                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  I can't tell

        13       you how much it would cost to construct new toll

        14       barriers at the entrance to 287, if that's your

        15       point.  You know, 287 is now the beltway around

        16       the City.  That would bring much, much more

        17       passenger vehicles and 18 wheelers and all kinds

        18       of vehicles through that area.

        19                      If the toll barrier was moved

        20       back to the Jersey line to 287 and the toll is

        21       collected there, I think the toll revenues would

        22       go way up, way up, because of the increase in

        23       traffic.  However, what we're collecting now at











                                                             
3785

         1       Spring Valley is about $9 million, of the $294

         2       million that was collected for 1992.

         3                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Senator

         4       Holland, I understand your point about having a

         5       toll plaza within a county for people traveling

         6       within the county, but the same thing happens

         7       with the county of Albany.  I'm sure you run out

         8       at Exit 23, going from Exit 24, and you pay a

         9       toll when you go that distance.  I imagine in

        10       Erie County, there must be a number of tolls

        11       that the residents of Erie County pay who travel

        12       within Erie County.  I'm not sure I have -- I

        13       get a sense that there's real unfairness to the

        14       people of Rockland.  If there is, I would

        15       certainly rectify it.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        17       Leichter, are you asking Senator Holland to

        18       please yield to a question?

        19                      SENATOR LEICHTER:  Yes.

        20                      SENATOR HOLLAND:  Yes, sir.  But

        21       the Spring Valley Toll Barrier is right in the

        22       middle of the Thruway.  It is not an exit; it is

        23       not an entranceway; you have no option.  Exit 23











                                                             
3786

         1       and Exit 24 here in Albany, you have an option

         2       but you do not at Spring Valley, and you do not

         3       at Yonkers, that's my point.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Clerk

         5       will read the last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 57.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15        -- Calendar Number 914, by Senator Levy.

        16                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay that aside

        17       for the day, please.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        19       bill aside for the day.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       922, by Senator Cook, Senate Bill Number 3034-A,

        22       Executive Law, in relation to state aid to rural

        23       areas.











                                                             
3787

         1                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Explanation.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         3       Cook, an explanation has been asked for by

         4       Senator Connor.

         5                      SENATOR COOK:  Mr. President, one

         6       of the concerns regarding rural municipalities,

         7       rural communities, is that smaller communities

         8       have part-time governments.  They really don't

         9       have very sophisticated governmental structures

        10       and, consequently, the perception at least is

        11       that when it comes to being able to make the

        12       appropriate applications and qualify for various

        13       types of state programs, that they are at a

        14       great disadvantage.

        15                      Obviously, that is not something

        16       that we can follow, and the purpose of this bill

        17       is to try to get a handle on, frankly, just how

        18       is the distribution made that's coming from the

        19       various state agencies so that we can have a

        20       better picture.  Perhaps we're wrong even in our

        21       perception; perhaps we are being adequately

        22       served, but we don't know.  We don't know what

        23       specific programs may be short-changing rural











                                                             
3788

         1       communities.  Some programs may be working very

         2       well; others may not, and the whole point of

         3       this is to have a mechanism by which we can

         4       monitor some of the state agencies and find out

         5       how they're dealing with the rural communities.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         7       Connor.

         8                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Yes, Mr.

         9       President.

        10                      I certainly agree with Senator

        11       Cook that we ought to know and we'd all like to

        12       know, so if the Senator would yield for a

        13       question.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        15       Cook, do you yield?  The Senator does.

        16                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Senator, how

        17       long do you think this report would be; how many

        18       pages?

        19                      SENATOR COOK:  I don't

        20       anticipate, Senator, that it's going to be a

        21       voluminous page report.  I assume that in the

        22       reports that are currently being issued by

        23       agencies on various things that there will











                                                             
3789

         1       simply be some designation of what has gone in

         2       that relates to rural communities.

         3                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Senator, how

         4       much -- if the Senator will yield for another

         5       question?

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         7       does.

         8                      SENATOR CONNOR:  How much will

         9       the five copies that you're asking be submitted

        10       here, how much will they cost to reproduce; is

        11       there a fiscal impact here?

        12                      SENATOR COOK:  I beg your pardon,

        13       sir?

        14                      SENATOR CONNOR:  How much will it

        15       cost the Senate to reproduce these copies, to

        16       send them to the Speaker, the Majority Leader,

        17       the Governor, the Chair and the vice-Chair of

        18       the New York State Legislative Commission on

        19       Rural -

        20                      SENATOR COOK:  Senator, I haven't

        21       bought a ream of paper in a while.  What is it,

        22       $25 maybe?

        23                      SENATOR CONNOR:  $25?  So,











                                                             
3790

         1       Senator, how much would it cost to send a copy

         2       to the two minority leaders?

         3                      SENATOR COOK:  Probably about -

         4                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Four or five

         5       dollars?

         6                      SENATOR COOK:  Yeah.

         7                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Senator, may I

         8       respectfully suggest that we, in the minority,

         9       would also like to know what's going on -

        10                      SENATOR COOK:  I'd be delighted.

        11                      SENATOR CONNOR:  -- with these

        12       programs?

        13                      SENATOR COOK:  I'd be delighted

        14       to do that, and I think that Senator Nolan and

        15       the Republican sponsors in the Assembly would

        16       also join in that and, while I don't intend to

        17       amend this bill, certainly we'll try to

        18       sensitize ourselves to that in the future.

        19                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Well, Senator,

        20       is there a rush on this?

        21                      SENATOR COOK:  Not particularly.

        22                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Well, couldn't

        23       we have a small amendment?











                                                             
3791

         1                      SENATOR COOK:  Lay the bill

         2       aside.  Let me look and see how complicated this

         3       becomes.

         4                      SENATOR CONNOR:  Thank you,

         5       Senator.

         6                      SENATOR COOK:  I don't object to

         7       it in principle, no.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Bill is

         9       laid aside.

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        11       1005, by Senator Lack.

        12                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Lay that aside

        13       for the day.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        15       bill aside for the day.

        16                      Senator Present, we have one

        17       substitution that we'd like to effect.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 13,

        19       Senator Velella moves to discharge the Committee

        20       on Rules from Assembly Bill Number 8794-B and

        21       substitute it for the identical Calendar Number

        22       349.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:











                                                             
3792

         1       Substitution is ordered.

         2                      Senator Bruno.

         3                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Mr. President,

         4       may I request unanimous consent to vote no on

         5       calendar 1030?

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

         7       objection, Senator Bruno is recorded in the

         8       negative on Calendar Number 1030.

         9                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Thank you.  Thank

        10       you.  Thank you.

        11                      Senator Present.

        12                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Senator

        13       Dollinger.

        14                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  May I have

        15       unanimous consent to change my vote on 1030, yea

        16       to nay.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        18       objection, Senator Dollinger will be recorded in

        19       the negative on Calendar Number 1030.

        20                      SENATOR JONES:  I would like to

        21       also be recorded in the negative on Calendar

        22       Number 1030, just for the principle of the

        23       thing.











                                                             
3793

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

         2       objection, Senator Jones will be recorded in the

         3       negative on Calendar Number 1030.  Senator

         4       Dollinger, you are recorded in the negative on

         5       Calendar Number 1030.

         6                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Thank you,

         7       Mr. President.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         9       Present.

        10                      SENATOR PRESENT:  Mr. President,

        11       there being no further business, I move that we

        12       adjourn until tomorrow at 11:00 a.m.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senate

        14       stands adjourned until tomorrow, Wednesday, at

        15       11:00 a.m.

        16                      (Whereupon at 5:17 p.m., the

        17       Senate adjourned. )

        18

        19

        20

        21

        22

        23