Regular Session - January 17, 2006

                                                            138



         1                 NEW YORK STATE SENATE

         2

         3

         4                THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

         5

         6

         7

         8

         9                   ALBANY, NEW YORK

        10                   January 17, 2006

        11                       3:16 p.m.

        12

        13

        14                    REGULAR SESSION

        15

        16

        17

        18  LT. GOVERNOR MARY O. DONOHUE, President

        19  STEVEN M. BOGGESS, Secretary

        20

        21

        22

        23

        24

        25


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         1                  THE PRESIDENT:    The Senate will

         2       please come to order.

         3                  I ask everyone present to please

         4       rise and repeat with me the Pledge of

         5       Allegiance.

         6                  (Whereupon, the assemblage recited

         7       the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

         8                  THE PRESIDENT:    In the absence of

         9       clergy, may we bow our heads in a moment of

        10       silence, please.

        11                  (Whereupon, the assemblage

        12       respected a moment of silence.)

        13                  THE PRESIDENT:    Reading of the

        14       Journal.

        15                  THE SECRETARY:    In Senate,

        16       Sunday, January 15, the Senate met pursuant to

        17       adjournment.  The Journal of Saturday,

        18       January 14, was read and approved.  On motion,

        19       Senate adjourned.

        20                  THE PRESIDENT:    Without

        21       objection, the Journal stands approved as

        22       read.

        23                  Presentation of petitions.

        24                  Messages from the Assembly.

        25                  Messages from the Governor.


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         1                  Reports of standing committees.

         2                  Reports of select committees.

         3                  Communications and reports from

         4       state officers.

         5                  Motions and resolutions.

         6                  Senator Robach.

         7                  SENATOR ROBACH:    Yes, Madam

         8       President.  I move that the following bills be

         9       discharged from their respective committees

        10       and be recommitted with instructions to strike

        11       the enacting clause:  Senate Bill Number 4736,

        12       please.

        13                  THE PRESIDENT:    So ordered,

        14       Senator Robach.

        15                  Senator Skelos.

        16                  SENATOR SKELOS:    Madam President,

        17       if we could go to the noncontroversial reading

        18       of the calendar.

        19                  THE PRESIDENT:    The Secretary

        20       will read.

        21                  THE SECRETARY:    Calendar Number

        22       32, by Senator Volker, Senate Print 6325, an

        23       act to amend the Mental Hygiene Law and

        24       others.

        25                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:    Lay it aside.


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         1                  THE PRESIDENT:    The bill is laid

         2       aside.

         3                  Senator Skelos, that completes the

         4       noncontroversial reading of the calendar.

         5                  SENATOR SKELOS:    Time flies when

         6       you're having fun.  But if we could now go to

         7       the controversial reading of the calendar.

         8                  THE PRESIDENT:    The Secretary

         9       will again read.

        10                  THE SECRETARY:    Calendar Number

        11       32, by Senator Volker, Senate Print 6325, an

        12       act to amend the Mental Hygiene Law, the

        13       Correction Law, the Criminal Procedure Law,

        14       the Executive Law and the Family Court Act.

        15                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:    Explanation.

        16                  THE PRESIDENT:    Senator Volker,

        17       an explanation has been requested.

        18                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Madam President,

        19       this is -- I'm trying to think about how many

        20       years -- initially this bill or a bill, a very

        21       similar bill was introduced by me in 1994

        22       after the Kansas vs. Crane decision in the

        23       Supreme Court.  What this bill provides for,

        24       and we have passed a similar bill on many

        25       occasions, is for civil commitment of sexually


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         1       violent predators.

         2                  Now, this bill is the Governor's

         3       program bill for 2006.  And the reason I

         4       mention that is the bill that we passed last

         5       year, in 2005, was extremely similar except

         6       that we've had some additions and corrections,

         7       so to speak.

         8                  In fact, I noticed that one of the

         9       oppositions to this bill is the Coalition for

        10       the Homeless.  I think the Coalition for the

        11       Homeless really doesn't understand this bill,

        12       as a lot of people don't, very honestly.  In

        13       fact, one of the things that we did this year

        14       was to strike out a reference in the bill to

        15       hospitalized patients.  And really that was

        16       talking about people who either were in jail

        17       or were in a hospital situation in jail.

        18       Because a lot of the mental health people

        19       thought that that meant that we might be

        20       putting sexually violent predators in local

        21       hospitals.  Well, of course, that was never

        22       the intention.

        23                  The process that's involved here,

        24       by the way -- and I read in the paper a lot of

        25       people say, well, it's unconstitutional.  No,


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         1       it's not.  The process is constitutional.

         2       It's been challenged several times.  The

         3       Kansas law has been upheld twice.  In several

         4       other states they have a very similar process.

         5                  The process involves psychiatrists,

         6       it involves -- the Attorney General is the

         7       precipitator.  He gets the notice of who is a

         8       potentially sexually violent predator that is

         9       somebody who's about to leave jail.

        10                  One of the things I think that has

        11       happened here is that the Governor, using

        12       Article 9 of the Mental Hygiene Law, has

        13       actually kept in people who are considered

        14       mentally ill and has tried to use the Mental

        15       Hygiene Law.  The only problem with that is it

        16       does not provide, in fact, the process and the

        17       protections that are involved in this bill.

        18                  This bill provides all sorts of

        19       protections, including counsel, psychiatric

        20       evaluations by the person involved, review

        21       every year of a person's status.

        22                  And what just happened with the

        23       Governor was to me very, very important.  And

        24       I've spoken on this issue on a national -- in

        25       national conferences.  One of the arguments


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         1       against it is that we just do not have enough

         2       mental health counseling and that we just do

         3       not have the ability to deal with some of

         4       these people.

         5                  The way you do it, and the only way

         6       you're really going to deal with sexually

         7       violent predators to try to deal with their

         8       problem, is to spend a lot of money.  And I'm

         9       the first to say that.  In fact, the New York

        10       Times, in its usual candid style, was

        11       criticizing civil commitment by saying it's

        12       just too expensive, sort of.

        13                  Well, the Governor of this state

        14       has ponied up.  He's put up $192 million,

        15       $130 million for a facility at Pharsalia,

        16       which is now a minimum facility, and which is

        17       part of the tremendous drop in inmates.

        18                  By the way, I noticed the

        19       Governor's press release said that there's

        20       63,100 inmates in the system.  That was last

        21       week.  This week there are under 63,000 for

        22       the first time.  The New York corrections

        23       system has gone from 74,000-plus to now 62,900

        24       and something.  The reason that's significant

        25       is we're the only prison system in the country


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         1       that has a falling inmate rate and a falling

         2       crime rate at the same time.  I only mention

         3       that because I think that's important.

         4                  My own personal opinion has been

         5       for some time that what we should do in

         6       New York is make ourselves a model for the

         7       rest of the country in dealing with sexual

         8       predators.  And what the Governor has proposed

         9       is just that.  We're talking about a lot of

        10       money and a lot of employees who are targeting

        11       these people.  In other words, once this whole

        12       system is in place, we probably will be able,

        13       in New York, to look at sexual predators and

        14       their problems and try to deal with them in a

        15       way in which no state in the union has been

        16       able or willing to do.  And that is critically

        17       important, I think, if we're going to deal

        18       with this kind of issue.

        19                  (Electronic noise interruption.)

        20                  SENATOR VOLKER:    I just want to

        21       point out something -- am I being bugged?

        22                  Anyways, I just want to show that I

        23       have here the Level 3 sexual predators from my

        24       district.  This is the compilation of the

        25       Level 3 sexual predators.  One of them lives


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         1       within about three blocks of me.

         2                  The reason I mention this is -- and

         3       of course Senator Dean Skelos here has been

         4       working on Megan's Law, and we're very hopeful

         5       that he can come to an agreement on that

         6       extension.  But the reason this is significant

         7       is that some of these people are going to end

         8       up in a situation where they may well need

         9       civil commitment.

        10                  You know, where I figured out, by

        11       the way, that this issue, if you look at the

        12       development of the sexual predator issue, I

        13       first found out when a young Senator from

        14       Harlem, whose father was very close to me and

        15       my father, asked me to go down to Harlem and

        16       do a hearing on sexual predators.  He shall

        17       remain nameless, but I can only say that he

        18       sits right in front of me now as the Minority

        19       Leader.  He asked me to do a hearing as part

        20       of a series of hearings across the state.

        21                  And we went to Harlem and we sat

        22       there and listened to people talk about abuse,

        23       mostly children, but also abuse of women and

        24       men.  We had a women-hating psychologist, man,

        25       and right after him we had a woman-hating


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         1       psychologist -- or a man-hating psychologist,

         2       woman.  I mean, it was the most incredible

         3       hearing we had ever had.  I remember there

         4       were 32 witnesses.  And Senator Paterson said

         5       to me, "You know, we need psychologists right

         6       now ourselves," after that was done.

         7                  And the reason I say that was

         8       significant is you must remember society only

         9       very, very recently has realized how serious

        10       this problem is.  We still haven't come to

        11       grips, for instance, with clergy abuse.  We

        12       think it's the Catholic Church.  We all know

        13       that's not true.  All the major religions have

        14       a problem with it.  We all know that, but no

        15       one has really got into it yet.  It's a very

        16       serious problem that has been coming for

        17       probably 30, 40 years.

        18                  But the civil commitment issue is

        19       something -- we're talking about people,

        20       mostly people that attack young children.

        21       They're very sick people.  This bill will

        22       allow us a process -- not violation of civil

        23       rights or anything of that nature -- a process

        24       to be able to keep people in a place where

        25       mental hygiene people can review them on a


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         1       regular basis and give them intensive

         2       treatment that may lead to a breakthrough in

         3       finding out how to deal with people who are

         4       sexually violent predators.  Because we're not

         5       succeeding.  There is no question we're not

         6       succeeding well at all.

         7                  There's no question that this

         8       issue, even though it involves a comparatively

         9       small number of people -- and I keep this in

        10       mind, obviously the violent people in this

        11       state are much greater.  But the numbers of

        12       people who are being sexually abused is

        13       extremely frightening.

        14                  And I will guarantee you this, that

        15       we are and we have been a leader in criminal

        16       justice.  And whatever you can say about

        17       George Pataki, he has been an enormous leader

        18       in criminal justice.  We have probably the

        19       most respected criminal justice system in the

        20       nation right now.  We don't realize it because

        21       of course the media in this state doesn't like

        22       us and they don't want to tell that there's

        23       anything good going on in New York.  But

        24       that's just the way it is.  The rest of the

        25       states look at us and they marvel.


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         1                  I would hope that this mental

         2       hygiene criminal justice initiative that we're

         3       doing here with the hospital, with the mental

         4       health money that we're setting up and so

         5       forth, will become a model for the country and

         6       that we will learn how to deal with people who

         7       are sexually violent predators so that we can

         8       find some cure for it but, in the meantime,

         9       keep them where they belong, which is in a

        10       place where they can't hurt anyone else.

        11                  THE PRESIDENT:    Senator Duane.

        12                  SENATOR DUANE:    Thank you, Madam

        13       President.  If the sponsor would yield,

        14       please.

        15                  THE PRESIDENT:    Senator Volker,

        16       will you yield for a question?

        17                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Oh, sure.  I'm

        18       sorry.  I apologize.  Yes.

        19                  THE PRESIDENT:    You may proceed,

        20       Senator Duane.

        21                  SENATOR DUANE:    Thank you, Madam

        22       President.

        23                  Does the bill allow for the civil

        24       commitment of juveniles?

        25                  SENATOR VOLKER:    The bill is not


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         1       specifically set up to allow for civil

         2       commitment of juveniles.  However, we do have

         3       a process, as you know, for reviewing

         4       juveniles.  But it does not specifically deal

         5       with the issue of juveniles.

         6                  What you mean by "juveniles" is

         7       juvenile offenders?

         8                  SENATOR DUANE:    Yes.

         9                  SENATOR VOLKER:    No, it does not.

        10                  SENATOR DUANE:    However, they

        11       could be -- a juvenile offender, as opposed to

        12       a youthful offender, could be committed under

        13       this bill?

        14                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Could be.  But

        15       you must -- I think, you know, like anything

        16       else, you'd have to be an awfully bad

        17       offender.  It's possible it could happen, but

        18       very unlikely.

        19                  The history, by the way, of civil

        20       commitment is you really are looking for the

        21       worst of the worst.  Of course, we have

        22       14-year-olds -- one 14-year-old murdered,

        23       what, 16 people, I believe, at one time in

        24       New York City and brought on the law that was

        25       changed to lower some of the ages.  So I think


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         1       we have to realize that some young people are

         2       probably worse than all the adults put

         3       together.  But it's a rare occasion.

         4                  SENATOR DUANE:    But youthful and

         5       juvenile, I should say, as well as.

         6                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yeah.  I don't

         7       believe in Kansas that any -- I'm not aware

         8       that anybody -- in fact, I'm not aware of

         9       anywhere in the country that any juvenile has

        10       been committed, civilly committed.

        11                  And I don't expect that's going to

        12       happen in New York unless you have somebody

        13       that's so dangerous -- and, by the way, that

        14       could happen now.  I mean, under Article 9 of

        15       the Mental Health Law, technically speaking,

        16       if a person is that mentally ill, even a

        17       juvenile could be held even now in a mental

        18       facility.  They wouldn't be held in a prison,

        19       but in a mental facility.

        20                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        21       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        22       to yield.

        23                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        24       you.  Senator Volker, do you continue to

        25       yield?


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         1                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes, I certainly

         2       do.

         3                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         4       you.  The sponsor continues to yield.

         5                  SENATOR DUANE:    Thank heavens the

         6       switch was to another "Madam."

         7                  But I'm going to actually move on.

         8       What are the requirements -- if a person who's

         9       incarcerated is being considered for

        10       commitment, what are the -- what's the

        11       notification to that person?

        12                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Well, what

        13       happens is that 120 days before the release,

        14       the Attorney General is to be notified that

        15       this person is considered, by the Correction

        16       Department and Mental Health or whatever, to

        17       be a dangerous person.  You then set up a

        18       process that goes on for some time.  You have

        19       psychiatrists, you have a multidisciplinary

        20       group that gets together.

        21                  Go ahead.

        22                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        23       Madam President, just for clarification, I

        24       understand that the notification to the

        25       Attorney General is 120 days before.


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         1                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.  Right.

         2                  SENATOR DUANE:    But I'm

         3       wondering, when is the person who's being

         4       considered notified?

         5                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Well, as soon as

         6       that person is targeted -- that person, by the

         7       way, now has the right to counsel.  That

         8       person has the right to have a psychiatrist of

         9       his own choosing review his case.

        10                  The protections, the due process

        11       ability is in this bill.  And there is no way

        12       that a person could be civilly committed

        13       without a thorough review.  He is entitled to

        14       a jury trial if he so chooses.  And as I say,

        15       he's entitled to his own psychiatrist and his

        16       own counsel.

        17                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        18       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        19       to yield.

        20                  How is the person notified?  What

        21       is the process by which that person would

        22       receive word that they are being considered?

        23                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Well, I would

        24       assume that it would traditionally be the

        25       Attorney General, who is in charge of the


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         1       whole proceeding, would notify this person and

         2       obviously notify -- make the formal

         3       notification to this person.  And he would

         4       then be apprised of his right to counsel and

         5       would be apprised of his right to a

         6       psychiatrist.

         7                  Remember that, in the meantime, the

         8       multidisciplinary group or whatever, Mental

         9       Health and all the rest of them, have the

        10       right to review him and actually have a

        11       psychiatrist review him.  He can then, as I

        12       said, have his own psychiatrist.

        13                  He then would go before a judge and

        14       they would advise him of all his rights, and

        15       he can then move on to do what he wants to do.

        16       He can ask for a jury trial, he can do

        17       whatever he wants.

        18                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        19       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        20       to yield.

        21                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.  Yes.

        22                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        23       you.  Senator Volker, do you continue to

        24       yield?

        25                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Certainly.


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         1                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         2       you.  The Senator yields.

         3                  SENATOR DUANE:    I'm actually

         4       going to ask this question sort of as a -- to

         5       see if it's factual.

         6                  A person could be incarcerated and

         7       the day after, potentially, the review could

         8       begin even if that person was not even close

         9       to their release point; is that correct?

        10                  SENATOR VOLKER:    No, that's

        11       incorrect.  It's incorrect because the only

        12       way you would do it is if the person was

        13       within 120 days of his release.

        14                  SENATOR DUANE:    So through you,

        15       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        16       to yield.

        17                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        18       you.  Senator Volker, do you continue to

        19       yield?

        20                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.

        21                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    The

        22       sponsor yields.

        23                  SENATOR DUANE:    So the sponsor is

        24       saying that for everybody, the whole thing

        25       starts for the incarcerated person and for the


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         1       people who will be preparing to make a

         2       decision about what to do, for everybody it's

         3       120 days; nothing happens before that?

         4                  SENATOR VOLKER:    You see --

         5       probably could.  I guess the issue really is,

         6       why would you do it?  I mean, if they're

         7       already in a mental facility -- and by the

         8       way, they could be in a mental facility

         9       also -- or in a correction facility, what

        10       drives the process is the possibility that the

        11       person is going to get out.

        12                  Now -- so I would suppose you could

        13       do it beforehand.  But you would -- I guess

        14       you would ask why would you do it.  Unless the

        15       person exhibits such problems -- and one of

        16       the issues that has been brought up is that we

        17       do have some pedophiles and some people that

        18       are in the prison system now that could be,

        19       for instance, reviewed before their sentence

        20       is up to determine where to put them.  But

        21       that could be technically done now.

        22                  It's just that, interestingly

        23       enough, this would possibly provide more

        24       rights to those people -- in other words, they

        25       couldn't be put in this facility until they


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         1       went through a process.

         2                  In other words, you've got

         3       somebody, for instance, who's in -- well,

         4       let's say Attica.  I'm just using that for

         5       a -- and that person is a dangerous pedophile

         6       and he creates a problem for the prison

         7       system.  One of the interesting issues is if

         8       you were going to put him at this facility in

         9       Pharsalia, for instance, I would assume the

        10       only way you could do that would be to go

        11       through a process of some kind to make sure

        12       that that person would have to go there.

        13                  Because one of the things, Tom,

        14       that's important here is -- we have one

        15       facility, for instance, right now for just

        16       DWIs.  Which I happen to -- I had a part in

        17       doing, because I thought it was a great idea

        18       to keep them isolated.  One of the things we

        19       want to do with these people that are sexually

        20       violent predators is give them the best

        21       treatment we can but also isolate them,

        22       because they're very dangerous people.  And

        23       they could be dangerous even to the inmate

        24       population, which is something that I think

        25       some people never think about.


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         1                  SENATOR DUANE:    The committee

         2       that reviews the petitions for commitment, is

         3       there a requirement that any of the members of

         4       that committee have expertise in mental

         5       health?

         6                  SENATOR VOLKER:    The

         7       multidisciplinary team is the commissioners of

         8       correctional services, mental health, and

         9       anybody that is -- and mental retardation.

        10       Because, remember, mental retardation is also

        11       involved here.

        12                  Quite clearly, these people have to

        13       be expert in the mental health area, which is,

        14       you know, the -- what you're doing here is

        15       when you say "the commissioner," obviously you

        16       mean the department itself has their people

        17       there to review these people and be part of

        18       this team that reviews the people that are

        19       going for civil commitment.

        20                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        21       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        22       to yield.

        23                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        24       you.  Senator Volker, do you continue to

        25       yield?


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         1                  SENATOR VOLKER:    I do, yes.

         2                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         3       you.  The Senator yields.

         4                  SENATOR DUANE:    Where would I

         5       find the language in the bill about the

         6       expertise in mental health for the reviewing

         7       committee?

         8                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Well, since you

         9       have the people from Mental Health, when you

        10       say "expertise," the Department of Mental

        11       Health and the Department of Mental

        12       Retardation are the people that are the

        13       experts in the field.

        14                  And remember, you're also in a

        15       situation where you're going to have

        16       psychiatrists involved, you're going to

        17       have -- in fact, the person himself is

        18       entitled to have his own psychiatrist.

        19                  And presumably an attorney could

        20       ask for its own -- the own expert, that is,

        21       the person's -- an expert to review himself.

        22       Because the jury trial is a situation where

        23       the attorney could ask for his own experts, if

        24       he wished, to talk about this person's status.

        25       So that is really inherent in the bill itself.


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         1                  SENATOR DUANE:    I guess the --

         2       through you, Madam President, if the sponsor

         3       would continue to yield.

         4                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.

         5                  SENATOR DUANE:    Is it not

         6       possible that you could have, for lack of a

         7       better term, a civilian from the department as

         8       opposed to a professional from the department?

         9                  SENATOR VOLKER:    The answer to

        10       that is no.  I think the problem is, what's

        11       the difference?  I mean, remember what we're

        12       doing here -- wait a minute, Tom.  You know, I

        13       know what you're saying.  You're assuming that

        14       this is some sort of a process on a local

        15       level.

        16                  This is a process involving some of

        17       the -- the biggest experts we have in the

        18       field are going to be involved in this.  And

        19       you're going to have an attorney who could

        20       protest, obviously, if the people involved are

        21       not the people that should be reviewing these

        22       people.

        23                  I mean, the whole idea of this is

        24       to protect society at the same time you're

        25       protecting the people themselves who are


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         1       involved here.  And, you know, so you don't

         2       have to say, hey -- at least it doesn't seem

         3       to me -- tell mental hygiene they got to have

         4       good people.

         5                  Well, they better have good people.

         6       First of all, the attorney is going to make

         7       sure that they -- that he knows if they don't

         8       have good people, or the person.  And the

         9       psychiatrist for the individuals involved is

        10       going to do that.

        11                  I mean, this is not a -- this is

        12       not a process taken lightly.  This is a very

        13       serious process.  So the answer is, quite

        14       obviously, this is intended to make sure that

        15       the person gets every possible consideration

        16       when you're dealing with people who are going

        17       to be kept for a long period of time.

        18                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        19       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        20       to yield.

        21                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.

        22                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        23       you.  Senator Volker, do you yield?

        24                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes, I do.

        25                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    The


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         1       Senator yields.

         2                  SENATOR DUANE:    Thank you, Madam

         3       President.

         4                  And I want to preface my next

         5       question by saying that I absolutely agree

         6       with the sponsor and know his commitment to

         7       this issue and the seriousness with which he

         8       and other members of his conference and,

         9       frankly, our conference as well have

        10       approached this.

        11                  But it's a new area; that's why I'm

        12       asking such specific -- and I apologize in

        13       advance for how many questions, but I just

        14       want to clarify as much as possible.

        15                  The issue the sponsor raised about

        16       that it's a good thing to have a jury trial is

        17       something that I wanted to ask why that is a

        18       good thing, instead of having the person ask

        19       to see a judge, who might have more experience

        20       in the issue than lay -- well, I shouldn't say

        21       laypeople, but potentially laypeople on a

        22       jury.  Why are they prohibited from having

        23       that choice?

        24                  SENATOR VOLKER:    I am not aware

        25       that they are prohibited.


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         1                  By the way, the answer, the

         2       multidisciplinary panel and so forth, is on

         3       page 7 of the bill.  And it relates to the

         4       process that is taken -- the person has a

         5       right to a jury trial.  He will go before a

         6       judge.  That's assumed.  No one is saying that

         7       he has to have a jury trial.  But he has the

         8       right to go before a judge.

         9                  And if you look on page 7 and

        10       page 8, you'll see that there's a prosecutor

        11       review committee, there's all sorts of

        12       standards here that are set up to determine

        13       probable cause and to determine whether the

        14       person should then be reviewed to be able to

        15       be determined whether that person -- in fact,

        16       if you see 10(d), I'm just looking here, the

        17       jury or the court, if a jury is waived, shall

        18       determine beyond a reasonable doubt whether

        19       the respondent is a sexually violent predator,

        20       and so forth and so forth.

        21                  That's the applicable section.  I

        22       apologize, I didn't --

        23                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        24       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        25       to yield.


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         1                  SENATOR VOLKER:    I do, yes.

         2                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Senator

         3       Volker yields.

         4                  SENATOR DUANE:    When New York

         5       State had a death penalty in effect, we had a

         6       special group of attorneys whose

         7       responsibility it was to be involved in the

         8       defense of those who were eligible to be given

         9       the death penalty.

        10                  And if I argued that this issue

        11       almost rises to the level of the death

        12       penalty -- I know it doesn't quite go there,

        13       but if it almost rises to that level, why

        14       isn't there a requirement that the appointed

        15       counsel have that kind of training, expertise

        16       in this field?

        17                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Well, first of

        18       all, Mental Health has a series of attorneys

        19       who deal in this sort of thing.

        20                  The problem that you've got to

        21       realize here is you're not going to have

        22       anything close to the number of people that is

        23       involved with the death penalty and the issues

        24       that are involved there.  And the protections

        25       that are in this bill clearly are far greater


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         1       than anything that is involved in jury trials

         2       and so forth involving normal criminal

         3       proceedings.

         4                  You have the Correction Department

         5       and the Mental Health Department involved

         6       here, the people who treat people plus the

         7       people that incarcerate them.  You have the

         8       attorney general involved.  You've got all

         9       sorts of different protections involved, which

        10       frankly you don't have -- I suppose you have

        11       local district attorneys and so forth.  This

        12       process is a different kind of process than

        13       with criminal justice issues, of course.

        14                  And the appeal is already internal;

        15       that is, the probable cause hearing and that

        16       sort of thing.  So all the evidence is there.

        17       And you have psychiatrists on both sides.

        18                  I guess I have trouble -- the

        19       attorney's job really is to make sure that the

        20       person simply gets the correct procedures.

        21       And, you know, it seems to me that there's

        22       hardly any other area of the law where we

        23       provide as many protections as we do here.

        24                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        25       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue


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         1       to yield.

         2                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.  Yes.

         3                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         4       you.  Senator Volker yields.

         5                  SENATOR DUANE:    When I went

         6       through the bill, I didn't see training

         7       anywhere, whether it was judges or appointed

         8       counsel.  And so I'm just trying to pin down

         9       whether there is any requirement for any

        10       specific training for anyone who might be

        11       involved in this civil commitment.

        12                  SENATOR VOLKER:    I guess I'm not

        13       sure what kind of training we would require.

        14                  Remember, Senator, we're in --

        15       sexual predator treatment, like so much in

        16       mental health today, is sort of in its

        17       infancy.  One of the problems, by the way,

        18       with equating physical and mental health is

        19       that we -- we do the best we can in mental

        20       health.

        21                  And the professionals are in the

        22       Office of Mental Health and the Office of

        23       Mental Retardation.  Those professionals are

        24       probably better than anybody outside the

        25       agencies.  How you would -- the people who


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         1       would train these people would be the same

         2       people who are dealing with these sexual

         3       predators.  So I'm not exactly sure what kind

         4       of training you could do.

         5                  And the lawyers that are used in

         6       this are generally lawyers who do mental

         7       health defense and all that anyways.  Because

         8       they're people who would want to, and are paid

         9       for, to do this sort of thing.  Remember, the

        10       person has the right -- unless he's

        11       independently wealthy, which is a little bit

        12       rare -- the person has the right to the state

        13       paying for these lawyers.

        14                  So the people that would do this

        15       would obviously be people who were involved in

        16       mental health cases and in the expertise

        17       that's involved here.

        18                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        19       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        20       to yield.

        21                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.

        22                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        23       you.  Senator Volker does yield.

        24                  SENATOR DUANE:    Would I find

        25       anywhere in the bill a requirement for an


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         1       independent psychiatric evaluation of the

         2       respondent?

         3                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes, absolutely.

         4       That's in the bill.  It says that the person

         5       has the right to his own psychiatrist.  And

         6       it's specifically in the bill -- I can't

         7       identify exactly where it is, but that's in

         8       the bill ever since, by the way, we first

         9       introduced it back in 1994.  And one year I

        10       passed three different civil commitment bills.

        11                  And I can assure you that the

        12       requirement of a psychiatrist of your choice

        13       is in this bill, as it's been in all the

        14       bills.

        15                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        16       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        17       to yield.

        18                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.

        19                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        20       you.  Senator Volker yields.

        21                  SENATOR DUANE:    Shockingly, when

        22       I asked that question, I actually didn't mean

        23       that the respondent's psychiatrist would be

        24       independent.  I would assume they would have

        25       the agenda of wanting to be for the


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         1       respondent, and the psychiatrist for the other

         2       side would want to be against the respondent.

         3                  I'm wondering if there is an

         4       independent independent person in the middle

         5       that could take each side with a grain of

         6       salt.

         7                  SENATOR VOLKER:    The requirement

         8       is that the attorney general and the

         9       multidisciplinary people and so forth have the

        10       right and the duty to submit a psychiatric

        11       evaluation.  The other side then has the right

        12       to their own psychiatric -- the person of

        13       their choosing, they can be examined.

        14                  That really is -- I suppose if

        15       there was some conflict, the attorney could

        16       probably ask for another psychiatric

        17       evaluation.  But it seems if you had

        18       psychiatric evaluations from the proponents

        19       and the opponents, or whatever you could say,

        20       it would seem to be enough.  But I would

        21       suppose there's nothing in here that says you

        22       can't have a third party, but it only provides

        23       for two psychiatric examiners.

        24                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        25       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue


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         1       to yield.

         2                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         3       you.  Senator Volker, do you continue to

         4       yield?

         5                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.  Yes.

         6                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Yes.

         7                  SENATOR DUANE:    Is there a

         8       standard of care for the treatment of those

         9       who are committed?

        10                  SENATOR VOLKER:    This is a mental

        11       health facility and basically a mental health

        12       statute.  Which, by the way, this is why it

        13       didn't come out of my committee, because it

        14       came out of Mental Health.  Because the

        15       facility that the Governor is putting the

        16       money up for, although it is presently a

        17       correction facility, it will really be run by

        18       Mental Hygiene.

        19                  And anyone who is committed to the

        20       care of mental health people has a standard of

        21       care that is required.  And as the former

        22       chairman of Mental Health to my right reminds

        23       me -- and by the way, Frank Padavan and I are

        24       the only two people that were on the Mental

        25       Health Committee since its inception, if I


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         1       remember right, way back when -- there is a

         2       Mental Health Bill of Rights, there's all

         3       sorts of protections, a quality of care

         4       commission, as the creator of that reminds me,

         5       to look at these kind of things.

         6                  And I can assure you one of the

         7       thing that the quality of care commission will

         8       probably be -- once this is operating, they'll

         9       be looking at this -- these, because this is

        10       going to be -- admittedly, this is breaking

        11       new ground.  And I would be willing to bet any

        12       money that the quality of care commission is

        13       going to be reviewing these facilities on a

        14       regular basis.

        15                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        16       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        17       to yield.

        18                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.  Sure.

        19                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        20       you.  The Senator yields.

        21                  SENATOR DUANE:    On that issue of

        22       the standards of care, is the parallel similar

        23       to the Department of Corrections has oversight

        24       over the health facilities in correctional

        25       facilities, similarly the Office of Mental


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         1       Health would have oversight over its mental

         2       health facilities?

         3                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.  Yes.

         4                  The way this -- as I understand the

         5       way this operates, the facility is going to be

         6       built by separate money.  And it's built on a

         7       corrections site.  But the actual operation of

         8       the facility is going to be done by Mental

         9       Health and by mental health professionals.

        10                  The reason this is going to be

        11       expensive is because we are going to have a

        12       lot of intensive care at these facilities --

        13       and the Governor well knows that -- that this

        14       is going to be and hopefully will be a class

        15       setup that will deal with these people in a

        16       way that no other state in the union has ever

        17       done.

        18                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        19       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        20       to yield.

        21                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.  I do.

        22                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        23       you.  The Senator yields.

        24                  SENATOR DUANE:    Is there

        25       different grades of the environment, or is


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         1       everyone thrown into the same -- like within

         2       the facility, will there be less dangerous,

         3       more dangerous, or will everyone just be

         4       considered equally dangerous?

         5                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Well, you know,

         6       at this point, like anything else, I think,

         7       these are people that are considered to be

         8       sexually violent predators.  And as to their

         9       treatment in the facility, there may well be a

        10       grade depending on how serious the offenders

        11       are.  But initially they'll all be confined,

        12       they'll all have -- in one facility.

        13                  Keep in mind that we're separating

        14       the sexually violent predators who are civil

        15       committees, so to speak, they're separate from

        16       anybody else.  There's no other people that

        17       are going to be in this facility but these

        18       people.  And they will have the best

        19       treatment.

        20                  And obviously, if you have somebody

        21       that's going to be violent or potentially

        22       violent, you're probably going to have more

        23       restrictions on those kinds of people because

        24       they could be dangerous to everyone else also.

        25                  So I would assume that there will


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         1       be grades set up.  But at this point it's a

         2       matter of common sense as to what you're going

         3       to do in this facility.

         4                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

         5       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

         6       to yield.

         7                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Sure.

         8                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         9       you.  The sponsor yields.

        10                  SENATOR DUANE:    As part of this

        11       bill, I don't see that there's any kind of

        12       additional resources or commitment to

        13       providing treatment for those inmates who are

        14       presently incarcerated.

        15                  Is there some kind of companion

        16       legislation or budget item which would provide

        17       for additional mental health services and

        18       treatment for the -- for those who are -- for

        19       sex offenders?

        20                  SENATOR VOLKER:    The answer to

        21       that is yes.

        22                  The Governor, in fact -- I'm just

        23       looking for it here.  Of the $192 million that

        24       the Governor proposed, $130 million is for the

        25       actual facility.  The rest of the money is to


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         1       provide for beefing up facilities in the

         2       meantime and to keep people separated and to

         3       provide additional employees for both OMRDD

         4       and Mental Health.

         5                  That amounts to, let's see --

         6       35 million will be made available for

         7       renovation of current OMH facilities to meet

         8       the short-term needs, and 27 million in new

         9       operating for OMH in connection with the

        10       treating and housing of these people while the

        11       new facility is being built.

        12                  So these people will be separated.

        13       In the meantime, keep in mind, of course, that

        14       this process will take a little bit to get up

        15       and running anyways, so that there won't be a

        16       lot of people that are going to be involved

        17       here initially.

        18                  So the Governor is providing 35 and

        19       27, which I think is $62 million in additional

        20       money to deal with these people initially

        21       until the new facility is up and running.

        22                  SENATOR DUANE:    Through you,

        23       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        24       to yield.

        25                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.


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         1                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         2       you.  The Senator yields.

         3                  SENATOR DUANE:    So the new money

         4       is specifically -- the new treatment money is

         5       specifically for those who are, for lack of a

         6       better expression, on the road to being

         7       civilly confined?

         8                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.  These are

         9       for people who are going to be or could be

        10       civilly confined.

        11                  The idea is this is entirely

        12       separate money.  One of the problems OMH was

        13       concerned about is that they would have been

        14       asked, with their present budget, to deal with

        15       some of these people.  And the Governor has

        16       committed that in his budget bill -- in fact,

        17       there's a budget bill that has this language

        18       in it -- that the Governor will provide the

        19       money to handle these people in the meantime

        20       until the new facility is up and running.

        21                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        22       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        23       to yield.

        24                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.

        25                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank


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         1       you.  The Senator continues to yield.

         2                  SENATOR DUANE:    The other states

         3       that do this, have a similar civil commitment

         4       law are Kansas and Washington State; is that

         5       correct?

         6                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yeah, I think

         7       there's one other that's tripping in.  My

         8       counsel tells me there's a couple more too.

         9       But the ones that have been operating are

        10       Kansas and Washington State, because those

        11       were the oldest pieces of legislation

        12       involved.

        13                  SENATOR DUANE:    And through you,

        14       Madam President, if the sponsor would continue

        15       to yield.

        16                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes, I yield.

        17                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        18       you.  The Senator continues to yield.

        19                  SENATOR DUANE:    Thank you.  Has

        20       anyone ever -- well, I guess maybe there's two

        21       or three that have been released from Kansas.

        22                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yes.

        23                  SENATOR DUANE:    Any from

        24       Washington?

        25                  SENATOR VOLKER:    I really don't


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         1       know.  There's not a lot of people, if I'm not

         2       mistaken, in Washington.

         3                  And Kansas is -- the story in the

         4       New York Times told about how some Kansas

         5       legislators were complaining because it was

         6       costing them too much.  Of course, you have to

         7       keep in mind the whole Kansas correction

         8       budget is one facility --

         9                  SENATOR DUANE:    I just want to

        10       correct something.  It's actually, I think,

        11       Kansas, no one has gotten out.  Washington

        12       State, maybe a couple of people have been

        13       released.

        14                  SENATOR VOLKER:    Yeah, could well

        15       be.

        16                  I think the people that are in

        17       Kansas -- this is just from what I

        18       understand -- are really such people that they

        19       really never envisioned they would ever get

        20       out.  I mean, they don't have a lot of people,

        21       and I think they -- and, by the way, they

        22       don't have the kind of treatment, I do not

        23       believe, that we're talking about doing here.

        24                  So we would certainly be hopeful

        25       that we could get some real progress in mental


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         1       health and sexual predators with the proper

         2       treatment.

         3                  SENATOR DUANE:    Thank you.  Thank

         4       you.

         5                  Madam President, on the bill.

         6                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         7       you.  Senator Duane, on the bill.

         8                  SENATOR DUANE:    My concerns about

         9       this bill are several, frankly.  And I would

        10       like to get them on the record in the hope

        11       that if there's more discussion about this

        12       bill, in the unlikely case the Assembly

        13       doesn't pass this exact bill, that some of

        14       these things might get into the discussion

        15       about another bill.

        16                  I'm very concerned about the

        17       possibility of the commitment of young people,

        18       youthful and juvenile offenders.  And I would

        19       like to see language which would differentiate

        20       what would happen between adults, youthful and

        21       juvenile offenders, because in my mind they're

        22       all different -- although, in my mind,

        23       juvenile and youthful are similar, but I

        24       realize that's not how New York's law is

        25       written.


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         1                  I am very concerned about the

         2       requirements for notifying someone who's being

         3       considered for commitment.  In a criminal

         4       case, well, the police and even the DA can do

         5       an investigation and then an indictment

         6       happens and then the defendant knows they

         7       better get an attorney.

         8                  However, this is not a criminal

         9       situation, this is a mental health issue.  And

        10       it seems to me that everyone should be able to

        11       start together, the person who's liable to be

        12       civilly committed at the same time that the

        13       state is thinking about civilly committing

        14       them.  It strikes me that it would be fairer

        15       and level the playing field.

        16                  And I know that's an odd thing to

        17       say when you're talking about who the people

        18       are who are falling under this.  But for lack

        19       of better terminology, that's what I'm going

        20       to call it, that both sides should have the

        21       same notification to prepare.

        22                  I also think that we need to be

        23       more specific about the training for those who

        24       are going to adjudicate and those who are

        25       going to, frankly, on both sides prosecute, if


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         1       you will, or fight for civil commitment and

         2       those who are going to be on the side of the

         3       person who is liable to be civilly committed.

         4                  And I also think that it may be

         5       better to -- and I understand that it doesn't

         6       say that you can't -- that it seems like a

         7       good thing that you get a jury.  But I'd like

         8       to see language which makes it clearer that

         9       you could just have it go before a judge.

        10       Particularly if, at the end of the day, the

        11       judge is the person who has more training in

        12       this issue, similar to the special way that we

        13       treat or we had been treating death penalty

        14       cases.

        15                  And I think we have to put all of

        16       this, the requirements about what happens when

        17       someone is incarcerated as the preparations

        18       are made for the civil commitment process --

        19       there is no public sympathy, obviously, for

        20       sexual predators.  And I think then we have --

        21       as legislators, even if it's distasteful, it

        22       is our job to make sure that in an atmosphere

        23       of no public sympathy at all, that the rights

        24       of the person who's going into this process

        25       are protected.


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         1                  Because I don't think there would

         2       be -- there will be very little public

         3       scrutiny of making sure that that person has

         4       adequate representation and defenses,

         5       et cetera.  So even if the public does know,

         6       it's probably not helpful.  So I think we have

         7       to be extra careful to make sure that we build

         8       in those protections, even if it seems like a

         9       distasteful thing for us to do.

        10                  I also think that -- and again,

        11       this is, you know, I'm not -- I wouldn't be a

        12       hundred percent trustful of the psychiatrist

        13       who is speaking for the respondent, and I

        14       wouldn't be a hundred percent confident in the

        15       psychiatrist for the agency.  I'd like to have

        16       an independent person.

        17                  And I also think that it puts the

        18       psychiatrist -- it puts both psychiatrists on

        19       both sides in a difficult position, because

        20       neither one of them would like to be

        21       responsible for allowing someone to be

        22       released who could turn out to have not been

        23       rehabilitated.

        24                  So having an independent person who

        25       is more -- who could take the heat I think


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         1       would make for a fairer process, as well as

         2       just having an independent evaluator to be

         3       skeptical of what both sides have to say.

         4                  I also -- you know, the Department

         5       of Corrections' health facilities are -- there

         6       is no outside monitoring agency.  In other

         7       words, the Department of Health doesn't

         8       monitor it.  Corrections monitors its own

         9       health facilities, which I think is very

        10       problematic.  And to have OMH monitor itself

        11       on this I also think is problematic.

        12                  I think we always need to have an

        13       outside monitor, an outside auditor, because

        14       it's unlikely that an agency is going to find

        15       a lot of fault with itself, certainly in a

        16       public way.

        17                  And then just a few final points.

        18       You know, it does look to me like Article 9 of

        19       the Mental Health Law already has provisions

        20       for the confinement of the dangerously

        21       mentally ill.  And even if that hasn't always

        22       worked, it still does exist in the law.

        23                  In one of the visits I made to one

        24       of our correctional facilities, I had the

        25       opportunity -- it was at Green Haven -- I had


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         1       the opportunity to speak with the deputy

         2       commissioner in charge of all addiction

         3       services, and I asked him about if there was

         4       treatment in the facilities, in addition to

         5       alcohol and drug treatment, for sexual

         6       addiction treatment.  And tragically, that was

         7       considered to be a big joke.

         8                  So if we think that these people

         9       are addicted to violent sexual behavior or

        10       sexual behavior towards children, if we

        11       believe that these are behaviors similar to

        12       addiction behaviors, then we need to provide

        13       treatment in facilities as well.  And that is

        14       not happening.  Maybe with the new money it

        15       will happen, but I am skeptical about that.

        16                  Also -- and I'm sorry, I forget

        17       whether it was Woodbourne or Sullivan -- I saw

        18       a group of inmates who were developmentally

        19       disabled, mentally retarded, who were

        20       basically children with adult bodies.  Some of

        21       them had been convicted of inappropriate

        22       sexual behavior because, frankly, they had no

        23       one really to watch over them to make sure

        24       that when they -- that they didn't sexually

        25       act out inappropriately because they didn't


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         1       know any better.

         2                  They have no place to go.  There's

         3       no place to release them to.  It was pretty

         4       tragic to watch who were very -- who were

         5       basically extremely gentle, mentally retarded

         6       or developmentally disabled people be locked

         7       up in their cells with no hope of ever being

         8       released because there's no place for them to

         9       go.

        10                  And I know that we're going to do

        11       something in this legislative session on civil

        12       confinement, but I still think that we have to

        13       provide treatment.  There is no data that says

        14       that all sexual predators are incurable.  In

        15       fact, there's data that shows that some are.

        16       And yet no difference is made in this bill

        17       between that.

        18                  You know -- and I guess, finally --

        19       and again, I know we're going to do something

        20       on civil confinement.  I hope it's not this.

        21       I hope it's a different bill, obviously.  But

        22       I think we need to keep in mind that

        23       90 percent, maybe 95 percent of the sex

        24       offenses that are perpetrated -- and I know

        25       that, you know, one in the public eye is too


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         1       many.  But all of the others are never

         2       recorded, never treated.

         3                  I mean, for instance, we underfund

         4       rape crisis centers.  The most recent tragedy,

         5       which, you know, I can barely get through the

         6       articles in the paper about what happened in

         7       Brooklyn -- there's nothing that we're doing

         8       to prevent those things, only things to

         9       prevent them from happening in the future.

        10                  And there's nothing, actually, that

        11       would prevent -- there still isn't enough that

        12       would prevent the recurrence, for instance, of

        13       what happened to that little girl after the

        14       first time that it happened.  And I think that

        15       that happens way too often.

        16                  And if we're going to do this,

        17       which will take care of a small percentage of

        18       people so that they won't reoffend, our work

        19       has not even -- it's just the tiniest bit of

        20       our work is accomplished.

        21                  Because all of those cases that are

        22       not reported, all of those cases of, you know,

        23       adults in the family, family friends, uncles,

        24       people in positions of authority who

        25       perpetrate these crimes against children, or


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         1       what happens in homes between married couples

         2       or people who are living together, we're only

         3       touching the tip of the iceberg with what

         4       we're trying to do here.

         5                  And it's my hope that, even after

         6       the public focus is off this legislation, when

         7       we do pass something this session that we will

         8       not forget to go back and take care of the

         9       tremendous number, the exponentially larger

        10       number of cases that we have done woefully

        11       little to prevent.

        12                  Thank you, Madam President.

        13                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        14       you, Senator Duane.

        15                  Is there any other Senator wishing

        16       to be heard?

        17                  Senator Klein.

        18                  SENATOR KLEIN:    On the bill,

        19       Madam President.

        20                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        21       you.  On the bill.

        22                  SENATOR KLEIN:    First, I'd like

        23       to commend and congratulate Senator Volker for

        24       his commitment to this very, very important

        25       issue.


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         1                  And I think it's certainly

         2       appropriate that we're passing a civil

         3       commitment bill today at the same time that

         4       we're taking up Megan's Law.  I have been

         5       saying that for some time now, that over the

         6       last ten years I think Megan's Law is giving

         7       us sort of a false hope that we're truly

         8       protected in our community.

         9                  And I think time and time again

        10       what we're reading about is that we're

        11       releasing Level 3 sexual predators after they

        12       serve very long jail times, they register on

        13       the Megan's Law registry, as they're required

        14       to do under law, and that's it.  But what

        15       we're really doing is releasing ticking time

        16       bombs into our community, waiting for them to

        17       commit another crime.

        18                  Unfortunately, that's happened

        19       several times in areas that I represent.

        20       Earlier in the year, back in June, at the

        21       Galleria Mall in White Plains, a young woman

        22       named Connie Russo was murdered by a Level 3

        23       sexual predator named Philip Grant.

        24       Unfortunately, I think Mr. Grant has the

        25       dubious distinction of sort of becoming the


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         1       poster boy for civil confinement.

         2                  Philip Grant was someone who served

         3       25 years in prison.  He was serving a prison

         4       term for rape, a rape which he committed in

         5       the Bronx.  He served 23 years for the rape;

         6       they tacked on another two years because he

         7       tried to kill someone, when he was in prison,

         8       with an ax.  This was someone who was denied

         9       parole nine times.  So clearly the parole

        10       board knew that this was someone who was not

        11       ready to join society once again.

        12                  But yet Mr. Grant was released into

        13       the community.  He went from homeless shelter

        14       to homeless shelter.  He refused any type of

        15       medical treatment or evaluation.  Believe it

        16       or not, he did register, as he was supposed to

        17       under Megan's Law, even reregistered after the

        18       90-day requirement, again under the law.  He

        19       snuck into the Galleria Mall, stole a knife

        20       out of a store, waited in the parking lot of

        21       the mall, and killed the first person that

        22       came in.

        23                  Again, another horrible example

        24       which happened a little more recently, in the

        25       Throgs Neck section of the Bronx that I


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         1       represent, is a man named Sheldon Becker.

         2       Sheldon Becker also served a very long prison

         3       sentence for rape.  He was released back in

         4       June.  He went to live with a very good friend

         5       of his.  Just a couple of weeks ago, this man

         6       raped and killed his friend's daughter.

         7                  Again, someone who was released

         8       into the community.  This was someone who was

         9       so not being rehabilitated and so not ready to

        10       join society that he didn't even show up at

        11       his own parole hearing.  But finally they let

        12       him out because he just refused to show up and

        13       the time elapsed and he was just released

        14       again onto the streets of the Bronx.

        15                  What I'm saying here today is that

        16       I think we really need to have a civil

        17       confinement law.  I think we tried every other

        18       avenue.  Longer prison sentences seem not to

        19       work in this situation.  And I think it's

        20       incumbent upon us, before we release these

        21       people back into society, they're evaluated.

        22                  You know, I heard some of the

        23       debate so far today, and I know I've read some

        24       of the memos by the groups who oppose this

        25       legislation.  And I personally don't


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         1       understand why.  The psychiatric community, I

         2       know, had some opposition memos.  I know that

         3       I would want someone on the field of

         4       psychiatry to evaluate this person to

         5       determine whether or not they're safe to go

         6       back into society before they're released.

         7       They're going to be one of the final says in

         8       this, and I think this is important.

         9                  After these horrible instances, I

        10       held a hearing in Westchester earlier in the

        11       year and I had people really from both sides

        12       of the issue testify.  But I must say that

        13       overwhelmingly the people who testified at

        14       this hearing were in favor of civil

        15       confinement.

        16                  One of the people who testified was

        17       a gentleman by the name of Kip Cornwell.  He's

        18       a law professor at Seton Hall University and

        19       he's director of New Jersey's Institute for

        20       Law and Mental Health.  He is really one of

        21       the foremost experts on civil confinement and

        22       helped draft the New Jersey law.

        23                  And what he said was very, very

        24       interesting.  And I remember one of the

        25       questions that was posed to him:  Well, do you


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         1       really believe that many of these individuals,

         2       especially a Level 3 sexual predator, can be

         3       rehabilitated?  And his answer was no, that in

         4       some cases you can have all the treatment

         5       there is, and all of the best doctors, and

         6       sometimes you're not going to actually cure

         7       this person.

         8                  So I think, unfortunately, the only

         9       answer is that a person like this has to be

        10       civilly confined after they serve their prison

        11       sentence.  I think if you look at the numbers,

        12       it bears out what I'm saying.  A Level 3

        13       sexual predator is four times more likely to

        14       commit the same or similar crime when they're

        15       released from prison.  It's one of the also

        16       horrible crimes that as these individuals get

        17       older, in many cases, they even have a greater

        18       proclivity to commit these crimes.

        19                  So I think the only answer is to

        20       have a constitutional process.  And everyone

        21       knows, and I know Senator Volker talked about

        22       it earlier, the seminal case in this area was

        23       the Kansas law.  They were the second in the

        24       nation to pass civil confinement.  They've

        25       become the most famous because their law was


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         1       challenged twice by the United States Supreme

         2       Court, and it was found constitutional, as not

         3       a violation of double jeopardy.

         4                  Because what's happening is after

         5       someone serves a prison sentence, I think the

         6       safeguards are in place to determine whether

         7       or not that person is civilly confined

         8       certainly is something that's going to pass

         9       constitutional muster.  So I'm hopeful that I

        10       think the politics is gone.  The bantering

        11       back and forth between the Senate and the

        12       Assembly also will come to an end.  Because I

        13       think it's high time that we pass civil

        14       confinement in New York State.

        15                  I vote for this bill.  I urge my

        16       colleagues to do the same.  And I'm hopeful

        17       that the Assembly will follow through and pass

        18       civil confinement as well.

        19                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        20       you, Senator.

        21                  Senator Sabini.

        22                  SENATOR SABINI:    Thank you, Madam

        23       President.  On the bill.

        24                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    On the

        25       bill.


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         1                  SENATOR SABINI:    I want to

         2       congratulate Senator Volker and say that I

         3       support this bill, as I have in the past, but

         4       with a new fervor.

         5                  And that is that I had the

         6       privilege of attending the public forum that

         7       Senator Klein sponsored in Bronxville.  And to

         8       witness the relatives, the sons and nephew of

         9       Connie Russo, and obviously the sorrow they

        10       had and obviously the anger they had that this

        11       was allowed to happen to someone just going

        12       home from work at night -- as millions of

        13       New Yorkers do -- but, further, that this

        14       sleeper agent, this ticking time bomb, was

        15       within feet of tens of thousands of

        16       respectable New Yorkers and even driven there

        17       by the County of Westchester every day from

        18       his homeless shelter.  Because they have a

        19       policy of bringing people, after the shelter

        20       experience, to a more populated area where

        21       they feel they can better fit in and eat and

        22       stay warm.  That, in effect, Westchester

        23       supplied car service for him to commit this

        24       crime.

        25                  And to see their anger -- it's not


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         1       the same kind of case, but, you know, we have

         2       Kendra's Law in New York now.  Many of us from

         3       Queens remember that Kendra Webdale was a

         4       woman who, when she got out of college, was a

         5       reporter at the Queens Tribune and interviewed

         6       some of us who were in public life.  And then

         7       to read about what happened to her --

         8       different set of circumstances, different kind

         9       of crime.  But again, to think that there are

        10       people in our society who are, in effect, in

        11       our neighborhoods who are just waiting for the

        12       opportunity to do this.

        13                  Now, I believe I'm a civil

        14       libertarian.  But when you go through the

        15       levels of actions that are required to be

        16       civilly confined, between a multidisciplinary

        17       review, an attorney general's review, a

        18       hearing, a jury trial -- this is after you've

        19       committed a crime and served your sentence.

        20       If you've gotten that far and that many people

        21       think that maybe you're a danger to society,

        22       I'm going to side with them.

        23                  That may sound simplistic, and I

        24       don't like to be simplistic on these matters.

        25       But the fact of the matter is that we all have


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         1       a right to sort of conduct our lives and

         2       expect the government to protect us.  And if

         3       the government knows, in our heart of hearts,

         4       that there are people out there who are

         5       capable of these things that we're letting do

         6       these things because we as lawmakers haven't

         7       set up a framework to protect its citizenry,

         8       then shame on us.

         9                  So as I said, I've supported this

        10       before, but I want to comment Senator Volker

        11       and also Senator Klein for having that forum

        12       and bringing the Russo family there to sort of

        13       underline why this is important and why it's

        14       important that as New Yorkers we're allowed to

        15       live our lives on a day-to-day basis and be

        16       protected from people that experts will tell

        17       us, and experts will review under this law,

        18       shouldn't be in the street.

        19                  Thank you, Madam President.  I'll

        20       vote aye.

        21                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        22       you, Senator Sabini.

        23                  Senator Liz Krueger.

        24                  SENATOR LIZ KRUEGER:    Thank you,

        25       Madam President.  On the bill.


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         1                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         2       you.  On the bill.

         3                  SENATOR LIZ KRUEGER:    Thank you.

         4                  Well, I suppose I want to point out

         5       that I agree both with Senator Duane's

         6       concerns and Senator Klein's support for

         7       Senator Volker's bill.  Because we know, as

         8       Senator Volker articulated and Senator Klein

         9       has continued to articulate both in the

        10       Assembly and the Senate, that the state has

        11       needed to do something more to protect its

        12       citizens.

        13                  But it is also true that Senator

        14       Duane highlighted, in his questioning of

        15       Senator Volker, many of the concerns that I

        16       have that we should not walk away in passing

        17       this bill -- and I will vote for this bill --

        18       with the illusion that we really ended a

        19       problem if we pass this bill.

        20                  And the fact is what we don't hear

        21       anything about this week with this

        22       legislation, although questions have been

        23       raised, is where is the additional services

        24       that are needed.  What do we do with the fact

        25       that, while this might address a problem for


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         1       some number of people who are found guilty of

         2       sex offense crimes, those in the area of

         3       working with victims will tell us that up to

         4       90 percent of the young people who are victims

         5       of sex crimes know their perpetrators, they

         6       are the victims of incest, and those

         7       perpetrators are not being found guilty and

         8       they're not going through our criminal justice

         9       system or our treatment or civil confinement

        10       system.  And perhaps most disturbingly, those

        11       victims are not getting treatment.  And we are

        12       doing very little to prevent the continuing

        13       rate of attacks on them.

        14                  And as some of us have raised

        15       before, we are not addressing the problems of

        16       going after, in an effective way, prosecution

        17       of people who we know are committing these

        18       crimes.  I support ending the statute of

        19       limitations on rape, and we have not moved

        20       through the Legislature on that bill.  We

        21       don't have the money, at least in my city, to

        22       provide adequate treatment for victims of

        23       sexual attack.  We have rape centers that are

        24       closing their doors.  We have hospitals that

        25       are saying they don't have the resources to


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         1       treat the victims of sexual assault who are

         2       coming to them.  And we have the ongoing

         3       problem, of course, that people don't come

         4       forward and report that they have been the

         5       victims of sexual offense.

         6                  So I worry that with this

         7       legislation we should not do announcements we

         8       have solved the problem.  We have addressed,

         9       and perhaps not eloquently enough, one

        10       subissue for one subuniverse of offenders who

        11       have been caught and are considered such

        12       extreme predators that there should be a

        13       process that is gone through that hopefully

        14       meets our constitutional standards and assures

        15       equal treatment under the law for everyone.

        16                  But we heard just, I believe, last

        17       week in the city about the caseloads for

        18       parole officers being so high that they argue

        19       we are not monitoring the criminal justice

        20       system at all near what the expectation is of

        21       the public when people do get out of prison.

        22                  We know that we are not, in fact,

        23       doing everything we can to prevent sexual

        24       assault, although I understand that the

        25       Capital District Center for Sex Offender


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         1       Management in the district of Albany has some

         2       excellent models that we should be exploring

         3       and replicating statewide.

         4                  I know that we aren't training our

         5       staff well enough.  I know we aren't providing

         6       the services in our hospitals, in our police

         7       systems to ensure we decrease the number of

         8       victims.  We encourage victims to come

         9       forward, we get them help, and we provide

        10       treatment in jails.

        11                  And I also know, as Senator Duane

        12       just said, that we risk very seriously in the

        13       State of New York, unless we do this right --

        14       and this bill I don't believe gives us the

        15       funding to do it right -- we risk having civil

        16       confinement in a mental health system which

        17       already has unbelievably vulnerable people

        18       living there.  Senator Duane described his

        19       visit to, I believe, two sites where, if we

        20       simply put our most dangerous predators in our

        21       institutions, we risk doing greater harm to

        22       people in the institutions and pretending that

        23       we solved the problem when we simply moved a

        24       problem.

        25                  So I will vote for the bill.  But I


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         1       will hope that, in conference between the

         2       Senate and the Assembly, that we will move

         3       forward with some of the issues that are not

         4       addressed in this bill that I believe our

         5       colleagues in the Assembly have attempted to

         6       address through a series of bills that may or

         7       may not have moved through their house yet.

         8                  But as we had one conference

         9       committee off of last week's bill, I hope that

        10       we will continue to work together in both

        11       houses to ensure that we simply don't pass

        12       freestanding one-house bills and say there's a

        13       victory for the people of New York, but,

        14       rather, we ask the very tough questions about

        15       very tough issues.

        16                  Because of course this is one of

        17       those very, very difficult issues.  And it's a

        18       scary issue.  And so we have to make sure that

        19       we don't simply pass one one-house bill and

        20       say we've taken care of the problem, because

        21       with this bill we will not have taken care of

        22       the problem, we will have dealt with one

        23       complex piece of a very, very large and

        24       complex set of issues.

        25                  Thank you, Madam President.


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         1                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         2       you, Senator Krueger.

         3                  Senator Schneiderman.

         4                  SENATOR SCHNEIDERMAN:    Thank you,

         5       Madam President.  Very briefly.

         6                  I also -- I do intend to support

         7       this bill.  I think that having the option to

         8       continue confining the most dangerous sex

         9       offenders after they get out of prison with

        10       appropriate due process should make our

        11       communities safer.  But you have to do it

        12       properly.  You have to do it carefully.  And I

        13       have some concerns about this bill that I want

        14       to voice.

        15                  I do commend those who have moved

        16       it forward to this point, and I am hopeful --

        17       in fact, I'm quite optimistic that we're going

        18       to see the Assembly pass a set of bills and

        19       move forward hopefully to a conference

        20       committee, as Senator Krueger has indicated.

        21                  I particularly want to single out

        22       Senator Klein, who held the first public

        23       hearing last year, before the Assembly held

        24       its hearings, to really jump-start the process

        25       and bring us, I believe sincerely, to where we


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         1       are today.

         2                  It is important that we pass a bill

         3       that can pass both houses, and it's important

         4       that we pass a bill that can withstand a legal

         5       challenge.  So I don't think that any of these

         6       concerns that are being voiced here should be

         7       trivialized.  I think this is a very difficult

         8       area of law.  The law in this country, and one

         9       of the reasons for the founding of this

        10       country, is the principle that you do not lock

        11       people up for things that they may do, you

        12       only lock people up for things that they have

        13       done.

        14                  And when we get into an area of

        15       prediction, it's always difficult.  There are

        16       exceptions to this.  There are other

        17       commitment statutes, as Senator Volker has

        18       articulated.  But I think there are some

        19       things that need to be noted.

        20                  First of all, I realize some people

        21       in this house believe that you have some sort

        22       of a moral obligation to put a poison pill

        23       relating to civil litigation into every piece

        24       of legislation.  But let's get this

        25       poison-pill anti-trial-lawyer provision out of


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         1       this legislation.  It's not going to pass the

         2       Assembly.  Everyone in this state, whether

         3       you're working on civil-commitment issues or

         4       you're working on law-enforcement issues or

         5       medical issues or mental health issues, should

         6       be held to the same standard of care.

         7                  This bill creates a good-faith

         8       exception for the actions of public officials.

         9       That's not going to fly.  Let's stop kidding

        10       around with that and get it out of here.

        11                  I would urge my colleagues here

        12       that we can learn from the Governor's example.

        13       You don't hear me say that a lot.  But the

        14       Governor realized that his bill could be

        15       better.  He's introduced a bill since 1997,

        16       and he realized it could be improved.  And one

        17       of the things that was on display this morning

        18       was his commitment to separate those who might

        19       be confined under this legislation from the

        20       general mental health population.  As Senator

        21       Duane and Senator Krueger have pointed out,

        22       this is a serious concern.

        23                  So let's follow the Governor's

        24       example.  There are ways we can make this bill

        25       better.  Some of them were in the package of


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         1       bills that the Assembly rolled out at the end

         2       of last year.  Again, I take nothing away from

         3       those who would take credit for forcing the

         4       Assembly to act on this issue.  But let's look

         5       at what they've done and see if we can improve

         6       our bill.

         7                  I mean, one of the provisions in

         8       the Assembly bill deals with longer prison

         9       terms for the worst sex predators.  That's

        10       something that is actually in a bill by

        11       Assemblyman Gianaris.  One of the provisions

        12       that the Assembly deals with that we don't

        13       deal with is talking about where you get the

        14       money for counsel, talking about where you get

        15       the money for treatment, providing for sexual

        16       abuse prevention curriculums in the school and

        17       sex abuse prevention training videos for

        18       parents.

        19                  There is more we can do.  As

        20       Senator Duane has noted -- and if you take one

        21       thing away from this, let's be honest with the

        22       people of the State of New York -- we are not

        23       doing anything about the overwhelming majority

        24       of those who cause these traumatic experiences

        25       for our children, for our families, for our


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         1       constituents.  This bill does not provide the

         2       treatment money, this bill does not provide

         3       resources for parole and probation officers

         4       who are overburdened, this bill does not deal

         5       with the overwhelming portion of this problem.

         6       It deals with a narrow portion.  We should

         7       address that.

         8                  But let's look at some of the

         9       bigger issues that it raises.  If we go to a

        10       conference committee, let's go to a conference

        11       committee on the overall issue of what we do

        12       about sexual predators in this state, not just

        13       passing a narrow bill to take the very worst

        14       offenders and put them in civil confinement.

        15                  Finally, I want to note that I do

        16       think there's a due process problem with the

        17       bill.  And, Senator Volker, this is meant in

        18       all good conscience to advise you, because

        19       obviously, if we pass a bill that won't pass

        20       the other house, we're not doing anything.  If

        21       we pass a bill that's get struck down in the

        22       courts, we aren't doing anything.

        23                  And your problem -- you know, with

        24       all due respect to some people who've opined

        25       on whether this proposed legislation complies


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         1       with the prohibitions of Kansas v. Hendricks,

         2       I don't think your problem is the U.S. Supreme

         3       Court, ladies and gentlemen.  I think you've

         4       got the highest court in the state to get past

         5       on this issue before you get to the U.S.

         6       Supreme Court.  I don't think the Supreme

         7       Court has gotten more liberal since 1996.  So

         8       I think the U.S. Supreme Court is not the

         9       issue.

        10                  I do, however, think you might have

        11       an issue with the Court of Appeals of this

        12       state, for the following reason.  I agree with

        13       Senator Sabini that there are substantial

        14       protections in place in this legislation

        15       before someone gets civilly confined.  You

        16       have a panel, you have a hearing, you have a

        17       right to a trial by jury, you have the

        18       attorney general reviewing the file.  I think

        19       you have a good argument that you have

        20       adequate protections before people go in under

        21       this bill.

        22                  I would note, however, the dramatic

        23       gap between the procedures approved in Kansas

        24       v. Hendricks and the procedures provided in

        25       this bill to let someone out if they can


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         1       demonstrate that they are no longer in need of

         2       civil confinement.

         3                  The Supreme Court said very, very

         4       clearly in Kansas v. Hendricks, in approving

         5       the Kansas statute, this is approved because,

         6       among other things, this statute permitted

         7       immediate release upon a showing that the

         8       individual is no longer dangerous or mentally

         9       impaired.  There is a provision in the Kansas

        10       statute that you immediately get out.

        11                  Now, in the New York statute that

        12       is being proposed here -- and Senator Volker

        13       discussed this, but very, very briefly -- you

        14       don't get an immediate relief if you can

        15       demonstrate this.  What you get is every year

        16       you have to be evaluated and then, after the

        17       evaluation, the commissioner, whichever

        18       commissioner has jurisdiction, determines

        19       whether or not -- and this is the language of

        20       the statute -- "The commissioner shall review

        21       such records and reports, along with the

        22       findings of the psychiatric examiner, and make

        23       a determination in writing as to whether the

        24       person no longer is a sexually violent

        25       predator.  The commissioner's written


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         1       determination shall be provided to the court

         2       that committed the person under this article."

         3                  The actual psychiatric evaluation

         4       doesn't go to the prisoner, doesn't go to the

         5       court.  You have the commissioner holding the

         6       keys.  The commissioner once a year has to

         7       read a psychiatric evaluation and determine if

         8       a person is a sexually violent predator.  That

         9       means this all comes down to, essentially, a

        10       discretionary act of the commissioner.

        11                  The only remedy for this, if a

        12       commissioner wouldn't let someone out -- and I

        13       note that the immediacy which was specifically

        14       noted in the Supreme Court decision is not

        15       provided here.  This just provides that once a

        16       year someone gets examined and the

        17       commissioner decides if he or she believes

        18       this person is a sexually violent predator.

        19                  If the commissioner does not decide

        20       that, you can't get out.  You can make a

        21       petition; you can file, I guess, an Article 78

        22       proceeding that this was wrongfully decided.

        23       It is a very, very steep climb.  It is not

        24       anything like the substantial due process

        25       considerations that are given to the person


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         1       who would be confined on the way in.

         2                  I would urge you, my colleagues,

         3       that we have to have a better system for

         4       letting people out who can demonstrate that

         5       they no longer pose a threat to society, as

         6       was done in Kansas.

         7                  So under this statute as proposed

         8       by Senator Volker, it's hard to get someone in

         9       to civil confinement, but it is virtually

        10       impossible for anyone civilly confined to get

        11       out.  It's very, very difficult, and it's very

        12       much subject to the discretion of the

        13       commissioner.

        14                  So in addition, this statute

        15       provides that once your initial petition to

        16       get out is denied, if a person has previously

        17       filed a petition for discharge, then the court

        18       shall deny the subsequent petition unless the

        19       petition contains facts upon which a court

        20       could find that the person's mental

        21       abnormality has so changed as to warrant an

        22       evidentiary hearing.

        23                  So again, there's a steep slope for

        24       the public authorities to go through to get

        25       someone in, but there's a steeper slope for a


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         1       confined person to go through to get out.  I

         2       thinks that's a constitutional infirmity.  I

         3       think that's something that has to be cleaned

         4       up if we want the statute to actually become

         5       law, survive a legal challenge, and do

         6       anything to protect the people of this state

         7       that it is intended to protect.

         8                  Many of us have heard the stories

         9       of what's happened, we have children

        10       ourselves, we are concerned about the issue of

        11       sexual predators.  We'd like to do something.

        12       Most of us, I think, in our candid moments

        13       acknowledge that this does not solve the

        14       problem, this deals with a very narrow group

        15       of people.  We need more funding, we need more

        16       treatment, we need a better way to deal with

        17       people.

        18                  And Senator Duane was right on when

        19       he noted that the most recent scientific

        20       evidence is that in fact a significant number

        21       of people who fall into this category can be

        22       cured, over time, with treatment.  And with

        23       advances in science, we can only hope for

        24       more.

        25                  So let's look at the issue broadly.


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         1       Let's get out the poison pills.  Let's take an

         2       honest look at the Assembly's proposals to see

         3       if we can improve as we hopefully go into

         4       conference committee.

         5                  And let's not pass a bill that has

         6       an unconstitutional prohibition on people

         7       being able to immediately get out on a showing

         8       that they're no longer dangerous.  That is not

         9       in the New York statute, ladies and gentlemen,

        10       and that has to be changed before a final bill

        11       is passed.

        12                  I hope I will have the chance to

        13       vote on a final bill during this session.  I

        14       hope we will get the Assembly to a conference

        15       committee on this.  It's the right way to go.

        16       I will vote for this bill, subject to all of

        17       these concerns, in the hope that we move the

        18       process along and that we're able to actually

        19       reach agreement on this.

        20                  Again, I commend all those who are

        21       struggling with this very, very difficult

        22       area, those who favor this and those who

        23       oppose it, for raising these issues.  This is

        24       not an easy area of law or policy.  But I am

        25       going to vote aye.


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         1                  Thank you, Madam President.

         2                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         3       you, Senator.

         4                  Senator Savino.

         5                  SENATOR SAVINO:    Thank you, Madam

         6       President.

         7                  First, I'd like to commend Senator

         8       Volker for bringing this bill.  You know,

         9       about a week ago there was an article in the

        10       newspapers, in all the newspapers, which

        11       showed the results of a poll by the Sienna

        12       College that said that the people of the State

        13       of New York were very dissatisfied with their

        14       state government.  They felt that we were not

        15       responsive to them, that we did not address

        16       their needs, and we were not acting in their

        17       interests.

        18                  And I would say that perhaps today

        19       we are taking a step in changing that opinion,

        20       because I think we are addressing a need that

        21       the people of the State of New York for many

        22       years have felt was a serious threat to their

        23       life and/or health.

        24                  I hear the concerns of my

        25       colleagues, Senator Schneiderman, Senator


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         1       Krueger, and Senator Duane, and their eloquent

         2       discussion here about what's not being

         3       addressed.  And they're absolutely right that

         4       more needs to be done.  But I think for too

         5       long we have looked at this particular arena

         6       of the criminal justice system and the meatal

         7       health system and erred on the side of caution

         8       with respect to the predator and not to the

         9       victim.

        10                  And while we struggle with how we

        11       find the funding to provide the mental health

        12       services and how we address those issues, the

        13       first thing we have got to do is protect the

        14       future victims so that they are not victims at

        15       all.  So if we have to begin by civilly

        16       confining people who we have seen in the past

        17       have demonstrated that they are a danger to

        18       others, then that is where we start as we

        19       grapple with the other issues that have been

        20       raised here today.

        21                  As I said, this is an ever-evolving

        22       area of the mental health and criminal justice

        23       area.  And it is a mental health issue, but it

        24       is a mental health issue that results in

        25       criminal behavior, and we cannot continue to


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         1       ignore that.

         2                  So I stand in support of this

         3       legislation.  And I think we can continue the

         4       discussion on how we provide more mental

         5       health services, provide more money, deal with

         6       this issue as this continues to evolve.

         7                  We've come a long way.  When

         8       Senator Marchi first came to the Legislature

         9       fifty years ago, if a man was arrested for

        10       sexually assaulting a woman, the woman was as

        11       much on trial as the man was.  She had to

        12       prove that she hadn't done something to entice

        13       that man into attacking her.  We know better

        14       now.

        15                  Twenty years ago we would have

        16       looked at some of these sexual predators and

        17       thought that there were things that provoked

        18       them.  We know better now.  We know it's not

        19       about sex, we know it's about violence, we

        20       know it's about power over your victim.  And

        21       we've got to protect the people who are the

        22       potential victims and provide justice to those

        23       who have already been victimized.

        24                  So I stand in support of this

        25       legislation.  Thank you.


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         1                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

         2       you, Senator Savino.

         3                  Is there any other Senator wishing

         4       to be heard?

         5                  The debate is closed.

         6                  The Secretary will ring the bell.

         7                  Read the last section.

         8                  THE SECRETARY:    Section 22.  This

         9       act shall take effect immediately.

        10                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Call

        11       the roll.

        12                  (The Secretary called the roll.)

        13                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Senator

        14       Volker, to explain his vote.

        15                  SENATOR VOLKER:    To explain my

        16       vote.

        17                  I just want to thank my colleagues

        18       for their comments, and especially Senator

        19       Schneiderman.

        20                  This is a bill -- quite obviously,

        21       this is not the final bill, although we'd like

        22       to think we could finish up quickly.  But I

        23       expect that we probably will go to a

        24       conference committee within the next --

        25       depending on how this works out.  From the


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         1       beginning, we had talked about the fact we

         2       needed to do Megan's Law first and get that

         3       out of the way, get that done, and then we

         4       believe civil confinement must be dealt with.

         5                  I think Senator Schneiderman makes

         6       a point, and we're certainly going to look at

         7       the exit issue.  This is the Governor's bill.

         8       And although there have been considerable

         9       changes in it, it's something we will look at.

        10                  I just want to point one thing out

        11       that Senator Duane said.  Senator Duane, there

        12       is treatment in prisons for sexual problems.

        13       In fact, the prison you were in, there isn't

        14       any.  But I can tell you from experience -- I

        15       have been in a number of prisons, as you can

        16       imagine, and we do have treatment for people

        17       that have sex problems.  In fact, some of them

        18       can't get out on parole until they do have

        19       treatment.

        20                  In fact, I had one individual whose

        21       mother came to me and asked me why her son was

        22       not allowed out.  And the reason was he

        23       refused to do a program in the prison system

        24       as regards to trying to help them with certain

        25       sexual evaluation problems.


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         1                  We do have them.  They're not in

         2       every prison.  But frankly, New York has done

         3       a great deal more in both drugs and alcohol

         4       and in dealing with sexual problems.

         5                  But I'm the first to admit to you

         6       the problem is I question whether there's

         7       hardly enough money in the world to do all the

         8       things that we should really do.  And it's

         9       easy to say that we're not dealing with the

        10       problems.  But what we are really doing, I

        11       think, is trying to deal the best we can.  And

        12       that's what this bill is all about as far as

        13       civil commitment is concerned.

        14                  I vote aye.

        15                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        16       you.  Senator Volker will be recorded in the

        17       affirmative.

        18                  Senator Nozzolio, to explain his

        19       vote.

        20                  SENATOR NOZZOLIO:    Thank you,

        21       Madam President and my colleagues.  I ask

        22       permission to explain my vote.

        23                  First, I wish to congratulate

        24       Senator Volker for again putting this measure

        25       before this house.  That the measure is indeed


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         1       needed.  And, Senator Volker, thank you for

         2       your consistent leadership.

         3                  The Senate Committee on Crime

         4       Victims, Crime and Corrections conducted

         5       hearings on this important matter this year

         6       and during the past 12 months took testimony

         7       from a lot of individuals.  But the individual

         8       I'd like to thank the most for helping us with

         9       this particular legislation was not a

        10       New Yorker but a man by the name of Mark

        11       Lunsford.

        12                  Mark Lunsford is a truck driver

        13       from Florida who lost his daughter at the

        14       cruel hands of a sexual predator.  And that

        15       grief that Mark Lunsford had helped channel

        16       through this legislation.  And that before he

        17       helped us, though, he helped Florida establish

        18       this very same type of civil confinement for

        19       sexual predators.

        20                  Sixteen other states have supported

        21       this type of legislation.  New York, don't kid

        22       yourself, is not at the forefront; we're

        23       behind the curve.  But thanks to Senator

        24       Volker's persistence, we will be establishing

        25       the proper procedures to ensure that those who


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         1       are committing sex crimes and crimes against

         2       children don't get out in the street to do it

         3       again.

         4                  Senator Skelos said this many years

         5       ago when Megan's Law was first established:

         6       Once a sex predator, always a sex predator.

         7       And that measure certainly is something that

         8       is recognized by this legislation, this needed

         9       legislation.  And that I certainly am pleased

        10       this house is supporting it.

        11                  Thank you, Madam President.  I vote

        12       aye.

        13                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    Thank

        14       you.  Senator Nozzolio will be recorded in the

        15       affirmative.

        16                  The Secretary will announce the

        17       results.

        18                  THE SECRETARY:    Those recorded in

        19       the negative on Calendar Number 32 are

        20       Senators Duane and Montgomery.  Ayes, 56.

        21       Nays, 2.

        22                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    The

        23       bill is passed.

        24                  Senator Maziarz, that completes the

        25       controversial reading of the calendar.


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         1                  SENATOR MAZIARZ:    Thank you very

         2       much, Madam President.

         3                  Is there any further business at

         4       the desk?

         5                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    No,

         6       there is not.

         7                  SENATOR MAZIARZ:    In that case,

         8       Madam President, there being no further

         9       business, I move that we adjourn until

        10       Wednesday, January the 18th, at 11:00 a.m.

        11                  ACTING PRESIDENT LITTLE:    On

        12       motion, the Senate stands adjourned until

        13       Wednesday, January 18th, at 11:00 a.m.

        14                  (Whereupon, at 4:55 p.m., the

        15       Senate adjourned.)

        16

        17

        18

        19

        20

        21

        22

        23

        24

        25


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