Regular Session - March 4, 2019

                                                                   1242

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                    March 4, 2019

11                      3:47 p.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR BRIAN A. BENJAMIN, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25


                                                               1243

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 3   Senate will come to order.  

 4                I ask everyone present to please 

 5   rise and repeat with me the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7   the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   

 9   Reverend Craig Robinson, pastor of the Israel 

10   African Methodist Episcopal Church in Albany, 

11   will deliver today's invocation.  

12                Reverend Robinson.  

13                REVEREND ROBINSON:   Let us pray.  

14                Almighty God, we give You thanks and 

15   praise for this day and for the opportunity to 

16   gather in this place for the noble work of 

17   governance.  

18                You have given the men and women of 

19   this chamber the responsibility to lead and serve 

20   the people of New York, and You have given these 

21   leaders a vision for a better society.  

22                We pray, Gracious Lord, for wisdom.  

23   The days in which we live require sober minds 

24   that seek to bring equitable solutions to the 

25   hardships that people face.  


                                                               1244

 1                We pray for cooperation.  In a state 

 2   with such wonderful diversity -- differing 

 3   opinions, intentions and agendas which can thwart 

 4   progress and hinder the building of productive 

 5   relationships -- unite this chamber under the 

 6   principles of beloved community.  

 7                We pray for justice, remembering the 

 8   most vulnerable in our society.  We ask that 

 9   policies be created that make our community safe 

10   and equitable.  Do not allow the interests of the 

11   few to supercede the needs of the many.  

12                We acknowledge our shortcomings, the 

13   shortcomings of our human family.  We know that 

14   we will not get everything right all the time.  

15   We concede to the fact that disagreement will 

16   come.  Yet we look to You, O God most holy, to 

17   help us rise above the frailty of our humanness 

18   so that we might give the best of our service on 

19   behalf of the people.  

20                Bless, O Lord, this chamber.  Bless 

21   the work that will happen in this place on behalf 

22   of the people of the State of New York.  Bless 

23   each Senator and their staff.  

24                Give each Senator courage to 

25   advocate for what is right.  Give each Senator an 


                                                               1245

 1   extra measure of Your compassionate love.  Give 

 2   each Senator the endurance to keep working until 

 3   the tasks are completed.  Grant them vision for 

 4   our state, and all success in accomplishing the 

 5   work they have set out to do.  

 6                Hear our prayer.  Heal our land.  

 7   Give us hope for the living of these days.  

 8                Amen.  

 9                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

10   reading of the Journal.

11                THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, Sunday, 

12   March 3, 2019, the Senate met pursuant to 

13   adjournment.  The Journal of Saturday, March 2, 

14   2019, was read and approved.  On motion, Senate 

15   adjourned.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Without 

17   objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

18                Presentation of petitions.

19                Messages from the Assembly.

20                The Secretary will read.

21                THE SECRETARY:   On page 10, 

22   Senator Martinez moves to discharge, from the 

23   Committee on Environmental Conservation, 

24   Assembly Bill Number 2574 and substitute it for 

25   the identical Senate Bill Number 2409, 


                                                               1246

 1   Third Reading Calendar 78.

 2                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 3   substitution is so ordered.

 4                The Secretary will read.

 5                THE SECRETARY:   On page 10, 

 6   Senator Martinez moves to discharge, from the 

 7   Committee on Environmental Conservation, 

 8   Assembly Bill Number 2575 and substitute it for 

 9   the identical Senate Bill Number 2410, 

10   Third Reading Calendar 79.

11                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

12   substitution is so ordered.

13                Messages from the Governor.

14                Reports of standing committees.

15                Reports of select committees.

16                Communications and reports from 

17   state officers.

18                Motions and resolutions.

19                Senator Gianaris.

20                SENATOR GIANARIS:   Can you please 

21   call on Senator Griffo.

22                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

23   Griffo.

24                SENATOR GRIFFO:   Mr. President, I 

25   move on page 11 to offer the following amendments 


                                                               1247

 1   to Calendar Number 104, Senate Bill 1861, by 

 2   Senator Ritchie, and ask that the bill retain its 

 3   place on the Third Reading Calendar.

 4                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 5   amendments are received, and the bill shall 

 6   retain its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

 7                Senator Griffo.

 8                SENATOR GRIFFO:   Mr. President, I 

 9   now ask that the following bill by 

10   Senator Flanagan, Senate Bill 3879, be discharged 

11   from its respective committee and be recommitted 

12   with instructions to strike the enacting clause.

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:    It is 

14   so ordered.

15                Senator Gianaris.

16                SENATOR GIANARIS:   Can we now take 

17   up the reading of the calendar, please.

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

19   Secretary will read.

20                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 70, 

21   Senate Print 2070, by Senator Metzger, an act to 

22   amend the Mental Hygiene Law.

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Read 

24   the last section.

25                THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               1248

 1   act shall take effect on the 90th day after it 

 2   shall have become a law.

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 

 4   the roll.

 5                (The Secretary called the roll.)

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:    

 7   Announce the results.

 8                THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 57.

 9                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

10   bill is passed.

11                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 71, 

12   Senate Print 2403, by Senator Carlucci, an act to 

13   amend the Mental Hygiene Law.

14                SENATOR GRIFFO:   Lay it aside.

15                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Lay it 

16   aside.

17                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 78, 

18   Assembly Bill 2574, substituted earlier by 

19   Assemblymember Englebright, an act to amend the 

20   Environmental Conservation Law.

21                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Read 

22   the last section.

23                THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

24   act shall take effect immediately.

25                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 


                                                               1249

 1   the roll.

 2                (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:    

 4   Announce the results.

 5                THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 57.

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 7   bill is passed.

 8                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 79, 

 9   Assembly Bill 2575, substituted earlier by 

10   Assemblyman Englebright, an act to amend the 

11   Environmental Conservation Law.

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Read 

13   the last section.

14                THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

15   act shall take effect immediately.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 

17   the roll.

18                (The Secretary called the roll.)

19                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:    

20   Announce the results.

21                THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 57.

22                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

23   bill is passed.

24                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 94, 

25   by Senator Krueger, Senate Print 2450A, an act to 


                                                               1250

 1   amend the Penal Law and the General Business Law.

 2                SENATOR GRIFFO:   Lay it aside.

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Lay it 

 4   aside.

 5                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6   115, Senate Print 35, by Senator Hoylman, an act 

 7   to amend the General Business Law.

 8                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Read 

 9   the last section.

10                THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

11   act shall take effect on the 90th day after it 

12   shall have become a law.

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 

14   the roll.

15                (The Secretary called the roll.)

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

17   Hoylman to explain his vote.

18                SENATOR HOYLMAN:   Thank you, 

19   Mr. President, for allowing me to explain my vote 

20   on this bill, which would strengthen New York 

21   State's laws on imitation weapons by requiring 

22   them to be brightly colored or transparent.

23                The bill takes a much-needed step 

24   toward fixing a problem that's claimed many lives 

25   both in New York and across the country.  


                                                               1251

 1   According to the New York State Attorney 

 2   General's office, there have been at least 

 3   63 shootings in New York State since 1994 as a 

 4   result of someone holding a toy or imitation 

 5   weapon.  At least eight of those were fatal.

 6                Now, as part of their duties, police 

 7   officers respond to high-pressure situations 

 8   involving individuals with dangerous weapons and 

 9   sometimes have really seconds to distinguish 

10   between a real and a fake weapon.  Playing with a 

11   toy gun that is indistinguishable from a real 

12   firearm can obviously have devastating 

13   consequences.  And in some cases it has cost 

14   children across this country their lives.

15                So I'm very grateful to my 

16   colleagues for passing this bill, for codifying 

17   action by the New York State Attorney General's 

18   office, which announced back in 2015 a settlement 

19   with 30 major online retailers, including 

20   Walmart, Amazon, Kmart and others, which will in 

21   effect make certain that these types of imitation 

22   weapons are distinguishable to police officers 

23   based on color and transparency.

24                So I vote aye.  Thank you, 

25   Mr. President.


                                                               1252

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 2   Hoylman to be recorded in the affirmative.

 3                Announce the results.

 4                THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 5   Calendar Number 115, those Senators recorded in 

 6   the negative are Senators Akshar, Amedore, 

 7   Antonacci, Funke, Gallivan, Griffo, Jordan, 

 8   Omara, Ortt, Ranzenhofer, Ritchie, Serino, Seward 

 9   and Tedisco.

10                Ayes, 44.  Nays, 14.

11                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

12   bill is passed.

13                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14   145, by Senator Little, Senate Print 2984, an act 

15   to authorize certain healthcare professionals 

16   licensed to practice in other jurisdictions to 

17   practice in this state in connection with an 

18   event sanctioned by the World Triathlon 

19   Corporation.

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Read 

21   the last section.

22                THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

23   act shall take effect immediately and shall 

24   expire and be deemed repealed September 12, 2019.

25                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 


                                                               1253

 1   the roll.

 2                (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:    

 4   Announce the results.

 5                THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 58.

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 7   bill is passed.

 8                Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 9   reading of today's noncontroversial calendar.

10                SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

11   Mr. President.  

12                Can we now go to the reading of the 

13   controversial calendar.

14                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

15   Secretary will ring the bell.

16                The Secretary will read.

17                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 71, 

18   by Senator Carlucci, Senate Print 2403, an act to 

19   amend the Mental Hygiene Law.

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

21   Griffo, why do you rise?

22                SENATOR GRIFFO:   Mr. President, I 

23   believe there's an amendment at the desk.  I 

24   waive the reading of that amendment, and I ask 

25   that you call upon Senator Ortt to be heard.


                                                               1254

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Thank 

 2   you, Senator Griffo.

 3                Upon review of the amendment, in 

 4   accordance with Rule 6, Section 4B, I rule it 

 5   nongermane and out of order at this time.

 6                SENATOR GRIFFO:   In accordance with 

 7   that ruling, I appeal the ruling of the chair and 

 8   ask that you recognize Senator Ortt to be heard 

 9   on the appeal.

10                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

11   appeal has been made and recognized, and Senator 

12   Ortt, you may be heard.

13                SENATOR ORTT:   Thank you, 

14   Mr. President.

15                As the utilization of social media 

16   has increased, so too have the tragic stories of 

17   young people taking their lives as a result of 

18   bullying, which more and more often in the 

19   21st century occurs in online platforms.  

20                This can be evidenced by the tragic 

21   story of Sadie Riggs, of Bedford, Pennsylvania, 

22   who at 15 years of age took her own life after 

23   being tormented by classmates on Facebook, 

24   Instagram and other social messaging platforms 

25   urging her to kill herself.


                                                               1255

 1                The CDC has reported that suicide is 

 2   the second-leading cause of death for ages 12 to 

 3   18.  

 4                This amendment is germane because 

 5   prevention measures are a major component of 

 6   suicide prevention programs.  And by 

 7   criminalizing promoting a suicide via social 

 8   media, individuals will be less likely to engage 

 9   in such horrific activity.

10                Additionally, criminalizing such 

11   activity evidences the serious nature of suicide.  

12   And by accepting this amendment, it will 

13   strengthen prevention efforts contained in the 

14   suicide prevention program.

15                I would like to commend Senator 

16   Carlucci for the bill-in-chief.  I was chair of 

17   the Mental Health Committee for the past four 

18   years.  I know he understands the importance of 

19   suicide prevention.  I understand the importance 

20   of suicide prevention.  I believe everyone in 

21   this chamber understands.  And I think 

22   recognizing that preventing suicide to include 

23   criminalization of online bullying and the 

24   encouragement of online suicide I think is very, 

25   very important when you think about the young 


                                                               1256

 1   people who have taken their lives as a result of 

 2   being tormented and bullied, whether it be on 

 3   Facebook, whether it's on Twitter or Instagram or 

 4   any other social messaging platform.

 5                And so, Mr. President, I would again 

 6   encourage my colleagues to support this 

 7   amendment.  I think it makes the bill a better 

 8   bill, and I will be voting in the affirmative.

 9                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Thank 

10   you, Senator Ortt.

11                I want to remind the house that the 

12   vote is on the procedures of the house and the 

13   ruling of the chair.

14                Those in favor of overruling the 

15   chair signify by saying aye.

16                (Response of "Aye.")

17                SENATOR RITCHIE:   Show of hands, 

18   please. 

19                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   A show 

20   of hands has been requested and so ordered.

21                (Show of hands.)

22                THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 16.

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

24   ruling of the chair stands, and the bill-in-chief 

25   is before the house.


                                                               1257

 1                Senator Gianaris.

 2                SENATOR GIANARIS:   Without 

 3   objection, can we restore this bill to the 

 4   noncontroversial calendar and take it up.

 5                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Without 

 6   objection, so ordered.

 7                Read the last section.

 8                THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 9   act shall take effect immediately.

10                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 

11   the roll.

12                (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

14   Carlucci to explain his vote.

15                SENATOR CARLUCCI:   Thank you, 

16   Mr. President.

17                Unfortunately, the suicide rate in 

18   New York State and throughout the United States 

19   has dramatically increased over the past decade.  

20   The Centers for Disease Control tell us that last 

21   year over 47,000 Americans took their own lives.  

22                So this is nothing short of a public 

23   health emergency, and that's why this legislation 

24   is so imperative.  What this legislation does is 

25   it addresses one of the most disturbing factors 


                                                               1258

 1   that we've seen in the data that show that our 

 2   youth and our communities of color particularly, 

 3   also the LGBT community, are far more likely to 

 4   take their own lives.  And that's something that 

 5   needs to be addressed.

 6                So what this legislation does is 

 7   require the Office of Mental Health, with the 

 8   Office of Suicide Prevention, to make sure that 

 9   they're taking into consideration demographic 

10   disparities, making sure that the cultural 

11   sensitivity, the linguistics -- making sure that 

12   the language is appropriate in penetrating the 

13   communities that we need to access.

14                We have to make sure that we're 

15   doing everything possible, we're sharpening our 

16   tools, we're dusting off those tools and making 

17   sure that it's effective and efficient in ending 

18   this public health crisis.

19                The numbers are alarming.  We've 

20   seen with our young people an over 70 percent 

21   increase in the rate of suicide just in the past 

22   10 years.  

23                So we have to have all hands on 

24   deck.  I want to thank my colleagues for 

25   supporting this important legislation.  And I'm 


                                                               1259

 1   hopeful that this will be one step of many that 

 2   we take to curbing this suicide rate, to starting 

 3   to understand what can really make an impact in 

 4   making sure we turn these numbers around.

 5                So thank you, Mr. President.

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 7   Carlucci to be recorded in the affirmative.

 8                Announce the results.

 9                THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 58.

10                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

11   bill is passed.

12                The Secretary will read.

13                THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 94, 

14   Senate Print 2450A, by Senator Krueger, an act to 

15   amend the Penal Law and the General Business Law.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

17   Ortt.

18                SENATOR ORTT:   Will the sponsor 

19   yield to a few questions?  

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Would 

21   the sponsor yield?  

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

24   sponsor yields.

25                SENATOR ORTT:   Thank you.


                                                               1260

 1                Through you, Mr. President, can the 

 2   sponsor tell me if she in fact owns a gun?  

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm sorry, I 

 4   didn't hear the question.

 5                SENATOR ORTT:   I'm sorry, 

 6   Mr. President, through you.  Would the sponsor 

 7   tell me in this chamber if she owns a gun or a 

 8   firearm?  

 9                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I do not own a 

10   gun or a firearm.

11                SENATOR ORTT:   Thank you, 

12   Mr. President.  Through you, would the sponsor 

13   continue to yield?  

14                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Would 

15   the sponsor yield?  

16                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.

17                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

18   sponsor yields.

19                SENATOR ORTT:   Has the sponsor ever 

20   fired a gun?  

21                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I have fired 

22   a gun.  I believe -- I went to summer camp, and 

23   they taught us to shoot -- I believe it was .22 

24   caliber rifles.  Is that a correct number?

25                SENATOR ORTT:   That is a correct 


                                                               1261

 1   gauge.

 2                SENATOR KRUEGER:   That is what I 

 3   shot.

 4                SENATOR ORTT:   Okay.  Through you, 

 5   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6   yield?

 7                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

 8   the sponsor yield?

 9                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

10                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

11   sponsor yields.

12                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

13   Mr. President, has the sponsor ever stored, 

14   unlocked and loaded a gun in the manner that her 

15   legislation dictates?  

16                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I don't own a 

17   gun, Mr. President, so I don't believe I have 

18   stored it.  I guess I have loaded and unloaded 

19   the .22 caliber weapons when I was receiving 

20   training at summer camp a very long time ago.

21                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

22   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23   yield?

24                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

25   the sponsor yield?


                                                               1262

 1                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, of course.

 2                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 3   sponsor yields.

 4                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

 5   Mr. President.  In short, this bill would require 

 6   that guns are stored in a way where they cannot 

 7   be fired immediately; is that correct?

 8                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 9   Mr. President.  This bill says that if you have 

10   children in the home or an expectation that 

11   children will be going through your home, you 

12   need to keep your guns locked in a way that will 

13   prevent the children from having easy access to 

14   loaded guns.

15                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

16   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

17   yield?  

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

19   the sponsor yield?  

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

21                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

22   sponsor yields.

23                SENATOR ORTT:   So just for 

24   clarification, Mr. President, the short answer -- 

25   I believe the sponsor is correct as I read the 


                                                               1263

 1   bill, but the short answer to my earlier question 

 2   would be an affirmative or yes; correct?

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   You know, now I'm 

 4   confused what the short part of the question was.  

 5   Can you repeat the question and I'll double-check 

 6   that the short answer was yes?  

 7                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

 8   Mr. President, this bill would require that 

 9   guns are stored in a way that they cannot be 

10   fired immediately.

11                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

12   Mr. President, yes, if there are children in the 

13   home.

14                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

15   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

16   yield?  

17                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

18   the sponsor yield?  

19                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

21   sponsor yields.

22                SENATOR ORTT:   Who would be the 

23   primary enforcement for this law?  

24                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

25   Mr. President, the Attorney General.


                                                               1264

 1                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

 2   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 3   yield?  

 4                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

 5   the sponsor yield?  

 6                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I will, but I 

 7   want to correct myself, if I might.

 8                SENATOR ORTT:   You may.

 9                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.  The 

10   Attorney General and also local law enforcement.

11                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

12   the sponsor yield?

13                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

14                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

15   sponsor yields.

16                SENATOR ORTT:   Is there any charge 

17   or suspicion that would drive local law 

18   enforcement to someone's home?  So in other 

19   words, many times we have laws or potential 

20   penalties in statute that necessitate law 

21   enforcement would already have to have a 

22   suspicion that a crime or something has been 

23   committed.  

24                Does this legislation necessitate 

25   that there is any previous suspicion of a crime 


                                                               1265

 1   or something that has occurred, or could law 

 2   enforcement simply roll up on someone's home to 

 3   see if their guns are stored properly?

 4                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 5   Mr. President.  The assumption is that this law 

 6   would be like many other laws where not every law 

 7   is enforced by an inspection regime, but rather 

 8   that if there was some reason to believe that 

 9   there was a gun not being stored correctly in a 

10   home where children are, that local law 

11   enforcement could choose to explore it.  Not 

12   dissimilar from when drivers are routinely 

13   surveilled and stopped specifically for seat belt 

14   enforcement.

15                But as with the seat belt, the law 

16   will function through a combination of public 

17   education, public knowledge that this is the law, 

18   and penalties when law enforcement becomes aware 

19   of a violation -- hopefully not after some child 

20   has shot or been shot in the home.

21                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

22   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23   yield?  

24                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

25   the sponsor yield?  


                                                               1266

 1                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

 2                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 3   sponsor yields.

 4                SENATOR ORTT:   So for my own 

 5   clarification, Mr. President, so would this 

 6   require a warrant?  

 7                SENATOR KRUEGER:   My counsel is 

 8   saying usually they would require a warrant as 

 9   the underlying basis for making the inspection in 

10   the home, yes.

11                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

12   Mr. President, would she continue to yield?  

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

14   the sponsor yield?  

15                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

17   sponsor yields.

18                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

19   Mr. President.  And excuse my ignorance, I'm not 

20   a law enforcement officer, I have never spent my 

21   career in law enforcement nor as a prosecutor.  

22                So when the sponsor says "usually," 

23   I would just ask the question so she can give me 

24   an example where it might be unusual, where a 

25   warrant would not be needed?  


                                                               1267

 1                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 2   Mr. President.  So some of the examples, when 

 3   police are in the home for some other reason and 

 4   then they see guns loaded and not locked when 

 5   they know that there are children in the home.  

 6                Sometimes police get called to a 

 7   potential crime and believe that there is a 

 8   reason for them to burst into a home because they 

 9   believe a crime is taking place, and they go in 

10   without a warrant.  I also am not a criminal 

11   justice specialist, so I believe there are a 

12   series of reasons why police make a determination 

13   that they can enter a home because of exigent 

14   circumstances.  I think that's the term they use.

15                She says yes, it's exigent 

16   circumstances.

17                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

18   Mr. President, would the sponsor and her counsel 

19   continue to yield?

20                (Laughter.)

21                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

22   the sponsor yield?  

23                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I do.

24                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

25   sponsor yields.


                                                               1268

 1                SENATOR ORTT:   Has the sponsor 

 2   spoken to anyone in law enforcement that may have 

 3   expressed an interest or are in support of this 

 4   legislation?

 5                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 6   Mr. President, laws like this are on the books in 

 7   many states of the country.  There are law 

 8   enforcement experts who not only support this 

 9   bill but work with advocacy groups urging us to 

10   pass this kind of legislation.  

11                This would not be unique to New York 

12   State or even an outlier in the approach that 

13   other states are taking to this issue of child 

14   safety.

15                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

16   Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

17   yield?  

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

19   the sponsor yield?

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

21                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

22   sponsor yields.

23                SENATOR ORTT:   As a Class A 

24   misdemeanor under this legislation -- so a 

25   violation of this policy would be a Class A 


                                                               1269

 1   misdemeanor -- would that prevent you from owning 

 2   a firearm or clearing a background check to 

 3   purchase one in the future?

 4                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

 5   Mr. President, no, we do not believe it would.  

 6   Not under New York State law.

 7                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

 8   Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 9   yield?  

10                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

11   the sponsor yield?  

12                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

14   sponsor yields.

15                SENATOR ORTT:   In the Supreme Court 

16   case District of Columbia v. Heller, the Supreme 

17   Court addressed a D.C. law -- which I'm assuming 

18   the sponsor is aware of -- that would require 

19   residents to keep lawfully owned firearms 

20   unloaded and disassembled or bound by a trigger 

21   lock or a similar device.

22                The court struck down this law and 

23   ruled that the requirement that any lawful 

24   firearm in the home be disassembled or bound by a 

25   trigger lock makes it impossible for citizens to 


                                                               1270

 1   use arms for the core lawful purpose of 

 2   self-defense, and is therefore unconstitutional.

 3                The sponsor's bill, if I may read 

 4   section 2:  "No person who owns or is a custodian 

 5   of a rifle, shotgun or firearm and knows or has 

 6   reason to know that a person less than 16 years 

 7   of age is likely to gain access to such rifle, 

 8   shotgun or firearm, shall store or otherwise 

 9   leave such rifle, shotgun or firearm out of his 

10   or her immediate possession or control without 

11   having first securely locked such rifle, shotgun 

12   or firearm in an appropriate safe storage 

13   depository or rendered it incapable of being 

14   fired by using a gun-locking device appropriate 

15   to that weapon."

16                So the Supreme Court has already 

17   struck down a law that required firearms to be 

18   stored unloaded or incapable of being fired.  I'm 

19   curious as to how this bill is different and how 

20   it does not also impede the core aspect of the 

21   Second Amendment, which is self-defense, 

22   constitutionally.

23                SENATOR KRUEGER:   We're trying to 

24   get you an answer.  

25                Right away, we know that the D.C.  


                                                               1271

 1   law was different than New York law, so they were 

 2   striking down a D.C. law.  We believe it was 

 3   related to handguns, and we're looking -- so you 

 4   are correct, the D.C. law was struck down.  We 

 5   don't think this is parallel to the D.C. law.  

 6   And Massachusetts already has a law requiring 

 7   locking in a container or storage for a safety 

 8   device.  

 9                And this is actually an expansion of 

10   current New York law, so we don't think the D.C. 

11   case applies to this law.  Although I suppose if 

12   somebody wanted to take a stab at a court case, 

13   they always could.

14                SENATOR ORTT:   Through you, 

15   Mr. President, on the bill.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

17   Ortt on the bill.

18                SENATOR ORTT:   I would like to 

19   thank the sponsor for her answers.  But I think 

20   for me and many of my constituents and colleagues 

21   here, they do nothing to allay our concerns and 

22   objections to legislation.  

23                I in fact -- now, I'm not an 

24   attorney, but to me the Second Amendment is not 

25   about hunting, it's not about sportsmen.  Those 


                                                               1272

 1   are bonuses of having that freedom here in this 

 2   country.  The Second Amendment is about 

 3   self-defense of your person and property.  That 

 4   is why we have it.  That is why it is the Second 

 5   Amendment, not the 18th or the 20th.

 6                And this bill I think quite clearly 

 7   impedes on somebody's ability to act in their own 

 8   self-defense and use a firearm for that purpose.  

 9   Because you would have to open a safe, take out 

10   your pistol, and then open a different safe or go 

11   to another location in your home to access your 

12   ammunition, and then load the firearm.

13                Now, there may be some folks in here 

14   who are speed loaders, as we used to call them in 

15   the military.  But the truth is many people keep 

16   a loaded weapon in a safe for the purposes of 

17   using that pistol in the immediate occurrence of 

18   an intruder or if someone comes into their home.  

19   This bill really prevents that from being the 

20   case.

21                A couple of weeks ago we passed a 

22   bill that forcibly disarmed teachers, said they 

23   could not defend themselves -- not whether they 

24   wanted to or not, they couldn't.  And today, in 

25   my view, we are forcibly disarming people in 


                                                               1273

 1   their own homes.

 2                I believe some of the questions on 

 3   the legalities were fuzzy.  But at the end of the 

 4   day, this bill is yet another infringement -- 

 5   however much my colleagues in the Majority may 

 6   see it at the edges, this is another infringement 

 7   on the Second Amendment, and is in fact at the 

 8   core of why we have the Second Amendment.  It is 

 9   an infringement and a restriction on someone's 

10   right to defend themselves and their family in 

11   their homes.

12                And so for those reasons, 

13   Mr. President, I will be in the negative.

14                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

15   Akshar.

16                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Will the sponsor 

17   yield to a couple of -- excuse me, the sponsor 

18   wishes to speak.

19                SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, please.

20                SENATOR AKSHAR:   I defer to the 

21   sponsor.

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   No.  You know 

23   what, I was going to speak on the bill, but I am 

24   happy to take more questions before I do so.  

25                So please allow Senator Akshar --


                                                               1274

 1                SENATOR AKSHAR:   First and 

 2   foremost, Senator Krueger, good to see you.  It's 

 3   been a while since you've been here.  And I won't 

 4   speak for everybody, but I certainly missed you.

 5                (Laughter.)

 6                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Would the sponsor 

 7   yield to a couple of questions?

 8                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

 9   the sponsor yield?

10                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.  And 

11   in fairness, I missed you --

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

13   the sponsor yield?

14                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I'm going to 

15   yield and announce that my not being here for a 

16   while doesn't mean I wasn't here.  I was in the 

17   budget hearings in the basement for a month, and 

18   anybody who wished to come down and join me, as 

19   did Senator Seward each and every day, was 

20   welcome to participate.  

21                But I'm glad to be back in the 

22   chambers and I'm happy to answer your questions.

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

24   sponsor yields.

25                SENATOR AKSHAR:   I should have 


                                                               1275

 1   articulated a little bit better, Mr. President.  

 2                If the sponsor would yield -- as she 

 3   said she would -- Senator Krueger, would you 

 4   define the "immediate possession or control" as 

 5   indicated in this statute?

 6                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.

 7                Apparently there is no absolute 

 8   definition.  It would be up to a court to 

 9   determine.  But it is clear from an example of 

10   existing Westchester law that if it is in your 

11   immediate possession or control, say in your bed 

12   at night because you like to sleep with a gun for 

13   personal protection, that that would be 

14   recognized as immediate control.  

15                So some people -- I believe the 

16   previous questioner was getting close to that 

17   question.  But I think that that actually would 

18   be considered in your immediate possession.

19                SENATOR AKSHAR:   So if you'll 

20   indulge me and continue to yield just for a 

21   couple more questions.

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.  

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

24   sponsor yields.

25                SENATOR AKSHAR:   So if I had a 


                                                               1276

 1   loaded handgun in my nightstand which was located 

 2   next to my bed, is that in the immediate 

 3   possession or control?

 4                SENATOR KRUEGER:   So while I don't 

 5   think it's been litigated, the general sense is 

 6   that that would be considered in your immediate 

 7   control.  

 8                But if you got up to take a shower 

 9   in the middle of the night, you might want to 

10   take it to the bathroom with you.

11                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Will the sponsor 

12   continue to yield?

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

14   the sponsor yield?

15                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

17   sponsor yields.

18                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Just I'll take it 

19   one step further.  If I were driving my SUV or 

20   car and that firearm was in my glove box and/or 

21   in my trunk, would that be considered in my 

22   immediate possession or control?

23                SENATOR KRUEGER:   If it is locked 

24   and it would be difficult to break into, that I 

25   think would be considered.  Although there are 


                                                               1277

 1   other laws in New York State about driving around 

 2   with certain types of guns in your car or truck, 

 3   so I don't want to speak for any other law we 

 4   might have on the books, but just for the child 

 5   safety question in this law.  

 6                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Will the sponsor 

 7   continue to yield?  

 8                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

 9   the sponsor yield?

10                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I would.

11                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

12   sponsor yields.  

13                SENATOR AKSHAR:   So is this 

14   legislation as authored, is it limited to just 

15   someone's home or does it apply to somebody's 

16   barn or shed or hunting cabin?

17                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I think your 

18   personal property, so I would assume your barn 

19   and your hunting shed would also be -- well, is a 

20   hunting shed something up in a tree in the woods?  

21   Or is there some other definition of a hunting 

22   shed?  

23                SENATOR AKSHAR:   No, where I come 

24   from that's called a tree stand.  But, you know, 

25   I suppose you could have a shed attached to a 


                                                               1278

 1   tree.  That's a treehouse where I come from.  I 

 2   don't know what it's like in Manhattan.

 3                (Laughter.)

 4                SENATOR KRUEGER:   We don't have 

 5   enough trees to -- through you, Mr. President, we 

 6   don't have enough trees to have treehouses.  

 7                I suppose if the treehouse is 

 8   intended for your children, I would argue that's 

 9   a bad place to store your guns.  But if in fact a 

10   hunting shed is something on your property like 

11   your barn might be, that would be defined as your 

12   property like your home, yes.

13                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Will the sponsor 

14   continue to yield?

15                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

16   the sponsor yield?

17                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

19   sponsor yields.

20                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Is there a 

21   provision in the statute that would allow people 

22   to protect themselves from bodily injury?

23                SENATOR KRUEGER:   There's nothing 

24   in this law that says you can't protect yourself.  

25   We're just trying to protect the children in your 


                                                               1279

 1   home.

 2                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Mr. President, 

 3   through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 4   yield.

 5                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

 6   the sponsor yield?

 7                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

 8                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 9   sponsor yields.

10                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Do you believe 

11   that the legislation as written would actually 

12   hamper one's ability to protect themselves?

13                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

14   Mr. President, no, I don't.  The research shows 

15   that only fewer than 1 percent of crime victims 

16   use a gun in self-defense.  There are far larger 

17   numbers of violent accidental incidents and 

18   suicides in one's home because one has a gun.  

19                The fact that this law allows you to 

20   keep it as an adult on your personal body or to 

21   have it with you when you're sleeping or, again, 

22   to take it with you to the shower, I do not think 

23   that it limits your ability to have a gun for 

24   personal protection.  

25                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Mr. President, 


                                                               1280

 1   through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 2   yield.

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

 4   the sponsor yield?  

 5                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 7   sponsor yields.  

 8                SENATOR AKSHAR:   I just want to 

 9   talk about safe storage for a moment, if we may.  

10   Can you just describe to the room what safe 

11   storage means as written in the statute?

12                SENATOR KRUEGER:   So the gun would 

13   have to be locked in some kind of safe locking 

14   device without ammunition in it.  Or secured by a 

15   trigger lock on the gun itself.

16                SENATOR AKSHAR:   If the sponsor 

17   would continue to yield.

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

19   the sponsor yield?  

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

21                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

22   sponsor yields.

23                SENATOR AKSHAR:   I'm just looking 

24   for some clarification, Senator.  So I have a 

25   .30-06 rifle, it needs to be put in a locked box 


                                                               1281

 1   unloaded and then locked again in that box, is 

 2   that how you describe it?  

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, I -- through 

 4   you, Mr. President, if it's in a locked box it 

 5   does not have to be unloaded.  I was incorrect.

 6                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Okay, I'm on the 

 7   bill for just a second --

 8                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Or it could be 

 9   secured by a trigger lock.

10                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Would the --

11                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

12   Akshar on the bill.

13                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Excuse me.  I said 

14   that, but I'm going to pull that back.

15                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Okay.

16                SENATOR AKSHAR:   Would the sponsor 

17   continue to yield?

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Does 

19   the sponsor yield?  

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course.

21                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

22   sponsor yields.

23                SENATOR AKSHAR:   I'm wrapping up 

24   here.  I just want to talk about a particular 

25   situation, something I experienced when I was a 


                                                               1282

 1   member of law enforcement.  This is a real-life 

 2   situation.

 3                If an adult, a father took -- he was 

 4   a firearm collector, and he locked up all of his 

 5   weapons and ammunitions in a safe storage box as 

 6   described by you, was very responsible.  And he 

 7   had a child who had mental health issues.  And 

 8   that same child used an axe to break into the 

 9   safe storage box, take a firearm out of a box 

10   that was being used to hold firearms, and then 

11   used that firearm to kill his girlfriend and then 

12   himself.  

13                Would that father then be 

14   responsible under this statute, criminally 

15   responsible?

16                SENATOR KRUEGER:   If it was 

17   appropriately stored, no, I don't believe the 

18   father would.

19                I suspect the father would suffer 

20   from enormous guilt for the rest of his life.  I 

21   just read an recent article about a similar 

22   tragedy where the child got the gun, loaded it, 

23   and fatally shot himself in the head.  The father 

24   came home, was so despondent, he killed himself 

25   because his son had killed himself with a gun.  


                                                               1283

 1                So I can't even imagine what a 

 2   parent would go through if they came home and 

 3   discovered that their children had done harm to 

 4   themselves or others with a gun.  That would 

 5   probably be a much greater issue for that parent 

 6   than the potential for a misdemeanor, which I do 

 7   not believe would apply in the story you just 

 8   offered me.

 9                SENATOR AKSHAR:   On the bill, 

10   Mr. President.

11                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

12   Akshar on the bill.

13                SENATOR AKSHAR:   I think this house 

14   is unique in many respects, in that I think we 

15   all want the same thing, right, to protect 

16   New Yorkers, make New York the safest place it 

17   can possibly be.  

18                But in this particular piece of 

19   legislation, for me, I firmly believe that what 

20   it does is it makes firearms useless to people 

21   who need to use them for self-defense.  People 

22   who are responsible men and women, who take care 

23   of their firearms, but God forbid they had to use 

24   a firearm for self-defense -- they wouldn't be 

25   able to do that.  


                                                               1284

 1                And while I know some people in this 

 2   room are supportive of this, I think there is 

 3   another group of people who are going to be 

 4   supportive of this particular piece of 

 5   legislation, and it's criminals.  People, we're 

 6   making life a little bit easier for them and much 

 7   harder for law-abiding citizens, which really, 

 8   for me, as spoken by Senator Ortt, the Second 

 9   Amendment is important.  

10                And I think this in fact is an 

11   infringement on the Second Amendment, and I'll be 

12   voting no.  And Senator Krueger, thank you.

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

14   Tedisco.

15                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you, 

16   Mr. President.  Would the Senator yield for --

17                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

18   the sponsor yield?  

19                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I will.

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

21   sponsor yields.

22                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you, 

23   Senator.  

24                When Senator Ortt was speaking about 

25   your bill and reading some of the wording of it, 


                                                               1285

 1   he mentioned "likely to have access to a weapon 

 2   for usage."  What does "likely" mean?  

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   So "likely" is 

 4   not the language in the bill.  The bill itself 

 5   says:  No person who owns or is the custodian of 

 6   a rifle, shotgun or firearm and knows or has 

 7   reason to know that a person less than 16 years 

 8   of age is likely to gain access to these items in 

 9   a home, must lock it away or have a fire safety 

10   lock.

11                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the 

12   gentlewoman yield again, Senator?  

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

14   the sponsor yield?  

15                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

17   sponsor yields.  

18                SENATOR TEDISCO:   So "likely" is a 

19   part of this piece of legislation, Senator, to 

20   likely be able to have access.  Would she yield, 

21   through you, once again?  

22                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

23   the sponsor yield?

24                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I don't think 

25   that was a question, but I will still yield if -- 


                                                               1286

 1                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Yeah, another 

 2   question.

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.  Please.

 4                SENATOR TEDISCO:   So 16 and under 

 5   is the age group that they would have to be 

 6   likely.  You're shaking your head.  Is that yes?  

 7   Yes.

 8                Would she yield again?  

 9                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

10   the sponsor yield?  

11                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

13   sponsor yields.

14                SENATOR TEDISCO:   So a six-or- 

15   eight-week-old baby in a crib who can't walk, 

16   with an eight-foot cabinet that has a drawer, 

17   would they be likely to have access to a gun 

18   unattended that was not locked that had 

19   ammunition in it?

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, they wouldn't 

21   likely be able to have that.

22                SENATOR TEDISCO:   So you could have 

23   a six-or-eight-week-old child -- excuse me.

24                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Yeah, 

25   you've got to ask if the sponsor -- just ask it.  


                                                               1287

 1   Ask me.

 2                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would an 

 3   eight-week-old child or a three-month child or a 

 4   six-month-old -- 

 5                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 6   Tedisco.  Senator Tedisco.  Ask me, will the 

 7   sponsor yield?  

 8                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Oh.  Will the 

 9   sponsor yield?  

10                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

11   the sponsor yield?  

12                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

14   sponsor yields.

15                SENATOR KRUEGER:   So you're asking 

16   me if it's a house where you only imagine you 

17   have infants incapable of climbing out of their 

18   cribs and climbing somewhere else?

19                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Yes.

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I think that's an 

21   excellent question --

22                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you.

23                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

24                Although I would hypothesize that 

25   given the fact that you have an infant in your 


                                                               1288

 1   home, it's also quite reasonable to assume you 

 2   might have other friends and family members who 

 3   are also of the age to have young children they 

 4   might be bringing to your home to visit the baby.  

 5                I know my niece just had a -- niece 

 6   and nephew just had a baby about three weeks ago, 

 7   and everybody's coming to visit them to celebrate 

 8   the new baby, and they're bringing their children 

 9   with them.

10                So in fact the statistics on the 

11   risk to children is specifically starting at the 

12   toddler age.  A two-year-old found a loaded gun 

13   and shot and killed his father, who was asleep at 

14   the time.  Toddlers are a disproportionately 

15   large percentage of children who are actually 

16   getting the guns and shooting them.

17                So, you know, it's a tricky question 

18   about at what age should you be worried.  I know 

19   my sisters, who both have wonderful children -- 

20   and now grandchildren -- point out that they 

21   would never allow their children to play in a 

22   home that had unlocked guns because they were so 

23   concerned.

24                So the question of will there be 

25   children in your home might not just be your own, 


                                                               1289

 1   but visitors as well.  I think grandparents have 

 2   to be exceptionally concerned with small children 

 3   around, for example.

 4                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the Senator 

 5   yield for further questions?

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

 7   the sponsor yield?  

 8                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Certainly.

 9                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

10   sponsor yields.

11                SENATOR TEDISCO:   So I didn't see 

12   where it appeared in the bill that "likely" would 

13   relate to those who might visit you in the 

14   future.  So the question is to you if I had a 

15   baby who could not walk, who was in a crib, I 

16   guess it wouldn't be illegal, according to the 

17   language in this law, unless that person visited 

18   and you had the gun not locked up.  

19                If no one ever visited, I guess by 

20   the term "likely" it would virtually be 

21   impossible, because they can't walk and they 

22   certainly couldn't get up to a drawer that was 

23   eight feet high if you stored it there unloaded.  

24   So would it not be legal to do that, then?

25                SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, I believe 


                                                               1290

 1   under this bill -- through you, Mr. President -- 

 2   if children are under 16.  It doesn't get into 

 3   the nitty-gritty of at what age you start to be 

 4   able to climb out of a crib or pull yourself up 

 5   on furniture.  

 6                In the articles I have here, the 

 7   youngest age I'm finding is an 18-month-old who 

 8   police say found a loaded pistol on a bed and 

 9   shot himself in the face.  I think most parents 

10   of very young children know that they are perhaps 

11   at the greatest risk of doing things you never 

12   imagined they would do or were capable of doing.

13                So I think I would make the case 

14   that no matter how young that child was in my 

15   home, I would want to be in extra due diligence 

16   to make sure they don't get access to a loaded 

17   weapon.

18                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the Senator 

19   yield for --

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

21   the sponsor yield?  

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

24   sponsor yields.  

25                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Senator, in your 


                                                               1291

 1   Senate district, how's your broadband and web 

 2   infrastructure?  Is it good?  

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Broadband and web 

 4   infrastructure?

 5                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Yeah.

 6                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Well, we have 

 7   Spectrum, so we all hate them.  But I think 

 8   technically we're defined as territory that has 

 9   better internet access than many.

10                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Great.  Would the 

11   Senator yield for --

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

13   the sponsor yield?  

14                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will 

15   yield. 

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

17   sponsor yields.

18                SENATOR TEDISCO:   How about your 

19   cellphone usage, pretty good coverage out there?

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yeah, I'm going 

21   to give cellphones more points than cable at the 

22   moment and internet at home, sure.

23                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Okay.  Would the 

24   Senator yield?

25                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 


                                                               1292

 1   the sponsor yield?  

 2                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 4   sponsor yields.

 5                SENATOR TEDISCO:   So you're aware 

 6   we passed Senator Metzger's bill about taking 

 7   into consideration rural areas for suicide.  I 

 8   think that's a great idea.  Different 

 9   demographics.  

10                My Senate district, 70 percent of my 

11   towns are in the Adirondacks.  You probably heard 

12   me say this on the floor, it's a 4,000-square- 

13   mile district.  Broadband is an anomaly for many 

14   of the individuals.  When I go up to the upper 

15   corners of my district, I can't call anybody, 

16   they can't call anybody with a cellphone.  

17                Do you think there should be some 

18   consideration for those individuals -- and I've 

19   mentioned this before -- who need actually smoke 

20   signals or homing pigeons to get an emergency 

21   vehicle if there's a fire, a first responder if 

22   there's a burglary, a law enforcement official -- 

23   to protect themselves, to have to go to a locked 

24   area to get a gun when they're being burglarized 

25   or their family is attacked?  


                                                               1293

 1                You have the website there, you have 

 2   the infrastructure, you have the cellphone usage.  

 3   We don't have that in those areas.  Should there 

 4   be some consideration for those people who can't 

 5   get those emergency vehicles there when they're 

 6   entered, as we've talked about the Second 

 7   Amendment, to protect your family and yourself?

 8                SENATOR KRUEGER:   So I completely 

 9   agree, we need to do a better job of making sure 

10   we have internet access and web access throughout 

11   the State of New York.  No debate.

12                I don't think you win me on this 

13   argument today, because I think that anybody who 

14   is either a hunter or has guns in their home will 

15   assure you that the speed at which they could 

16   unlock their safety lock gun or unlock a gun from 

17   a box would still be radically faster than their 

18   ability to make a call and assume an emergency 

19   responder would show up.

20                So I don't really accept the analogy 

21   on this example, even though I agree with you on 

22   the importance of making sure everyone has 

23   internet.

24                SENATOR TEDISCO:   On the bill, 

25   Mr. President.


                                                               1294

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 2   Tedisco on the bill.

 3                SENATOR TEDISCO:   Yeah, my 

 4   constituents in those upper-level areas are not 

 5   only concerned about the Second Amendment but 

 6   concerned about protecting their families.  And 

 7   even if they can get the firearm, they're very 

 8   concerned about trying to get help if they can 

 9   hold off somebody that's impending {sic} to come 

10   into their house, knocking on that door.  They 

11   don't want to harm people.  They don't want to 

12   use a weapon to protect their family.

13                And Senator and my colleagues, if 

14   they are quick-draw in terms of opening locks and 

15   getting that firearm, they want to hold them off, 

16   first of all, and say "Don't come in this house, 

17   I have a weapon."  And if they continue, they 

18   want to make sure when they made that 911 call 

19   that someone's coming to help them and stop those 

20   individuals from the outside.  

21                Because I agree with you, nobody 

22   wants to use a weapon to harm anybody, but they 

23   want to protect their families.

24                Thank you, Mr. President.

25                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 


                                                               1295

 1   Ranzenhofer.

 2                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Will the 

 3   sponsor of this legislation yield for a question?  

 4                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

 5   the sponsor yields?

 6                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

 7                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 8   sponsor yields.

 9                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Thank you 

10   very much.

11                Through you, Mr. President, I'd like 

12   to ask the sponsor -- one of the things that we 

13   do when we enact legislation is we want to try to 

14   provide clarity to the residents of the State of 

15   New York so they know what they have to do and 

16   what they can't do.  Would you agree with that?

17                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

18                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Okay.  One of 

19   the things that gave me a little bit of pause --  

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

21   Ranzenhofer.

22                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Through you 

23   of course, Mr. President.

24                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

25   the sponsor yield?  


                                                               1296

 1                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 2                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 3   sponsor yields.

 4                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   So as I was 

 5   saying, one of the things that was occurring in 

 6   your dialogue with Senator Ortt when he was 

 7   asking you about, well, how do you define his or 

 8   her immediate possession or control.  I think you 

 9   said, Well, it's really a little bit fuzzy, and 

10   that would really be up to the courts to 

11   determine what is in your immediate possession or 

12   control.

13                So my question is that without that 

14   really being defined in the statute, how does a 

15   law-abiding citizen, upon passage of this 

16   legislation, know whether or not they are in 

17   compliance with the law if, as you stated, well, 

18   that would have been prospective, that would be 

19   up to a court.  How does a resident comply with 

20   this law if it really isn't clear how that's 

21   defined in the statute?  

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

23   Mr. President.  So there is local law in 

24   Westchester, and it's existed since 2013 -- it's 

25   been in state law since 2013, excuse me, not 


                                                               1297

 1   Westchester law -- and so nobody has litigated.  

 2                So again the example I was giving to 

 3   Mr. Ortt or perhaps Mr. Akshar -- now I'm not 

 4   sure which one I answered that question to -- is 

 5   that if it's in your immediate possession or 

 6   control, including a scenario where it's next to 

 7   you in bed or in the nightstand, that would meet 

 8   the requirement.  So I don't really think there's 

 9   very much gray area here.  

10                And I think what is far more 

11   important to understand is this bill is not 

12   impacting your Second Amendment right to have a 

13   gun or to protect yourself.  This bill is 

14   targeted to -- oh, bad pun.  Sorry, 

15   Mr. President.  This bill is targeted to make 

16   sure that children under the age of 16 don't get 

17   access to a loaded gun, because that is where bad 

18   things have been happening.

19                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:    

20   Mr. President, through you, thank you for that 

21   answer.  But that really was not --

22                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

23   Ranzenhofer --

24                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Yeah, will 

25   the sponsor continue to yield?  


                                                               1298

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

 2   the sponsor yield?  

 3                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

 4                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 5   sponsor yields.

 6                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   So I 

 7   understand your comment that this doesn't deal 

 8   with your usage of the gun, it only deals with 

 9   the possession of a gun.  But if you can't use 

10   the gun, really what good does it do you to be 

11   able to possess it?  And that's where I think a 

12   lot of the arguments were coming from.  

13                I understand the argument that 

14   you're making.  But if you are a homeowner or an 

15   apartment dweller and you want to protect your 

16   family, your loved ones, and you're allowed to 

17   possess the weapon -- which this bill doesn't 

18   ban -- but you're not allowed to use the weapon, 

19   how can you protect your family if you really 

20   cannot effectively use the firearm that you have 

21   to protect your family?

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

23   Mr. President.  It doesn't limit your having a 

24   gun, it doesn't limit your protecting yourself or 

25   your family.  


                                                               1299

 1                If you think about it, we're simply 

 2   talking about if you have a child in the house, 

 3   having a safe locking device on the gun.

 4                I don't know how quickly any of you 

 5   imagine you would need to pull a gun out on an 

 6   intruder, but I would question anyone who 

 7   imagines they couldn't do a release of the 

 8   locking device and still have exactly the access 

 9   they were hoping to at that moment in time.

10                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Through you, 

11   Mr. President, let me just share with you an 

12   example in my district where there was --

13                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Are you 

14   asking the Senator to yield for a question?  

15                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Of course.

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

17   the Senator yield?  

18                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Of course.

19                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

20   Senator yields.

21                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Permit me to 

22   share with you a situation in my district where a 

23   young couple who lived in the neighborhood was 

24   asleep at night, and somebody broke into their 

25   home and the person was coming up the stairs, and 


                                                               1300

 1   there was a firing, which was then -- I mean, it 

 2   was then investigated.  

 3                If that person is able to possess 

 4   the gun but not able to really effectively use 

 5   the gun in time to protect himself or herself and 

 6   their family, how does the legislation really 

 7   help everybody if you have it but you can't 

 8   effectively use it?  Whether it's locked, whether 

 9   it's stored in a cabinet, whether it's in your 

10   possession or immediate control.  

11                If you're really defeating the 

12   purpose of trying to protect your family -- I 

13   understand how you're accomplishing one goal, but 

14   how does this accomplish the other goal of being 

15   able to protect yourself or your family in those 

16   type of very quick-occurring, middle of the 

17   night, often, situations where time is very, very 

18   important and -- you know, this bill would 

19   certainly be an impediment to that.

20                SENATOR KRUEGER:   I thank the 

21   sponsor for his question.

22                Again, I think perhaps people have 

23   gotten off the visual for themselves of if it's 

24   in your control or possession, you're fine, you 

25   don't have to have it locked away or even the 


                                                               1301

 1   safety lock turned on.

 2                If it's not in your immediate 

 3   possession or on your body, you are supposed to 

 4   have either a safety lock -- which I'm told are 

 5   incredibly common items now that fit almost all 

 6   guns -- and if you actually don't have it on your 

 7   possession and aren't safety-locking it, you are 

 8   supposed to have it locked in a box.  It's your 

 9   judgment call in your own home, that couple in 

10   that story or anyone else, whether they want to 

11   have it in their possession unlocked at that time 

12   when they -- I think you described them, it was 

13   late at night, perhaps they were in their bedroom 

14   and they heard someone coming in.  They may have 

15   the gun there.  

16                But if they have children in the 

17   home or an expectation of children visiting their 

18   home, why does anyone think it either decreases 

19   their safety or isn't an excellent idea to make 

20   sure that those guns, whatever they are and how 

21   many they are, aren't either locked or have a 

22   lock on them to prevent children from getting 

23   access to them?  That's all this bill does, try 

24   to protect children from accidentally getting 

25   ahold of a loaded weapon and using it 


                                                               1302

 1   unintentionally on themselves, their siblings, 

 2   their own parents.  

 3                Because that's what this bill is 

 4   about.  It doesn't take a gun away from anyone.  

 5   It doesn't create a new criminal penalty for 

 6   them.  And it doesn't even really impose a 

 7   serious limitation on their ability to have the 

 8   gun and to be able to use it if they feel they 

 9   need to in their own home or on their own 

10   property.

11                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Thank you for 

12   that answer.  

13                Mr. President, would you ask the 

14   sponsor if she would continue to yield to another 

15   question?

16                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

17   the sponsor yield?

18                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

19                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

20   sponsor yields.

21                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   So I 

22   understand, you know, what you're trying to say.  

23   And obviously, you know, there are different 

24   parts of this legislation which affect different 

25   people.  


                                                               1303

 1                But you had just mentioned that 

 2   there are no new criminal penalties.  But doesn't 

 3   this legislation in fact pose -- make it an 

 4   A misdemeanor, which means that if someone 

 5   violates this statute -- let's say there is a 

 6   tragedy in somebody's home and the police come in 

 7   under those exigent circumstances and they find, 

 8   oh, lo and behold, that, you know, the cabinet 

 9   wasn't properly locked or that the gun trigger 

10   wasn't on there -- in addition to that, that 

11   person can then spend up to a year in jail under 

12   your legislation that you're proposing today.  Is 

13   that correct?  

14                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Through you, 

15   Mr. President, I'd like to correct myself.  An 

16   A misdemeanor is under the criminal code, thank 

17   you.  I always forget and think of misdemeanors 

18   as things like smoking in public or adultery or 

19   things like that.  But that was not the case in 

20   this example.

21                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Well, 

22   adultery and smoking in public are not quite the 

23   same thing as spending a year in jail for a 

24   violation here.  But someone could spend a year 

25   in jail under this particular statute.


                                                               1304

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Are you 

 2   asking the sponsor a question?  

 3                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   If the 

 4   sponsor would be kind enough to yield --

 5                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

 6   the sponsor yield?

 7                SENATOR KRUEGER:   -- or on the 

 8   bill, I'm not sure.

 9                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

10   sponsor yields.

11                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   So I'll just 

12   repeat the question.  So someone could in fact 

13   spend up to one year in the local county jail as 

14   a result of violating this statute, is that 

15   correct?

16                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes.

17                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Okay.  And 

18   one other final question if the sponsor would 

19   continue to yield.

20                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Will 

21   the sponsor continue to yield?

22                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Yes, I will.

23                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

24   sponsor yields.

25                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   So one of the 


                                                               1305

 1   things that -- I mean, we talked about different 

 2   examples, and we talked about, again, the issue 

 3   of possession and control.  

 4                So if you are asleep and you have 

 5   the gun, are you in possession and control of the 

 6   gun if it's as you -- as the example that you had 

 7   used, it's lying on your nightstand or lying in 

 8   the bedroom -- if you're asleep, are you in 

 9   possession and control of that gun?  Or if you 

10   are asleep, does it have to be in a different 

11   spot, locked up without the ammunition?

12                SENATOR KRUEGER:   No, I think the 

13   precedent is that if it's in your nightstand or 

14   on your bed, that is considered to be in your 

15   control even if you're asleep.

16                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Even if 

17   you're asleep, okay.

18                Thank you very much for your --

19                SENATOR KRUEGER:   That's why I said 

20   you should take it to the shower with you if you 

21   decided to shower in the evening.

22                SENATOR RANZENHOFER:   Well, I'll 

23   leave mine on the nightstand.  Thank you, 

24   Senator.

25                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.


                                                               1306

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Are 

 2   there any other Senators wishing to be heard?

 3                Senator Krueger.

 4                SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.

 5                I appreciated all of my colleagues' 

 6   questions.  

 7                And I know that there is a -- almost 

 8   a gut reaction by some people that we just can't 

 9   impose any new rules on gun owners.  But I urge 

10   everyone to think about this bill in the context 

11   of what it's really doing, which is protecting 

12   children.

13                And it's not hypothetical, 

14   Mr. President.  A 2018 study found that 

15   4.6 million children in the United States live in 

16   homes with at least one firearm that is loaded 

17   and unlocked.  Alarmingly, another study found 

18   that 43 percent of gun-owning homes with children 

19   kept a weapon without a trigger lock in an 

20   unlocked place.  That includes a large number of 

21   minors with risks for suicide.

22                The CDC reports that between -- in 

23   the last decade -- well, 2004 to 2014, more than 

24   6,000 minors intentionally shot themselves, and 

25   the vast majority used guns owned by someone in 


                                                               1307

 1   their home.  The majority of those killed were 

 2   12 or younger.  

 3                We did a previous bill on rural 

 4   suicide.  Many of those suicides are young people 

 5   getting access to guns from their own homes.  

 6   Here in New York, tragically, more than 

 7   300 children age 16 or younger committed suicide 

 8   using their family's firearms in the decade 2008 

 9   to 2017.  

10                And the CDC also reports that 

11   roughly 20,000 children in the United States were 

12   killed or seriously injured in accidental 

13   shootings from 2005 to 2014.

14                The Secret Service and the federal 

15   Department of Education found that in 68 percent 

16   of school shootings, the shooter used a gun 

17   obtained from their home or the home of a 

18   relative.

19                I have no question, children getting 

20   access to loaded weapons creates crisis.  They're 

21   killing themselves.  They're killing their 

22   parents.  The tragedies go on and on and on, 

23   including just a substudy of toddlers 3 and under 

24   shooting themselves or their parents.  I gave a 

25   couple of references during the debate.  


                                                               1308

 1                The youngest toddler involved in a 

 2   shooting was an 18-month-old from Nashville who 

 3   police say found a loaded pistol on a bed and 

 4   shot himself in the face.  His injuries were not 

 5   fatal.  But so far this year, 17 toddler 

 6   shootings have ended up in fatality, with 26 

 7   additional resulting in non-life-threatening 

 8   injury.  

 9                Storing guns responsibly, locked and 

10   unloaded or with safety triggers -- safety locks, 

11   excuse me -- is unquestionably a critical step to 

12   protect our young people and ourselves.  Because 

13   you might be the responsible gun owner who wants 

14   it for all the right reasons -- but again, you 

15   come home and you find your child shot your other 

16   child or your child shot themselves dead, it 

17   doesn't matter what you thought about this issue, 

18   you will be haunted for the rest of your life.

19                Or as in one example in 

20   South Carolina when 2-year-old Kyree Myers found 

21   a loaded gun at his home and fatally shot himself 

22   in the head.  His father then killed himself with 

23   the same gun.

24                That's not acceptable.  And all 

25   we're asking for is to ensure that people who 


                                                               1309

 1   have children in their homes keep themselves and 

 2   their children protected from unintended uses of 

 3   those guns.  I hope my colleagues will join me in 

 4   voting yes.  

 5                Thank you, Mr. President.

 6                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Are 

 7   there any other Senators wishing to be heard?

 8                Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

 9   closed.  

10                The Secretary will ring the bell.

11                Read the last section.

12                THE SECRETARY:   Section 6.  This 

13   act shall take effect on the 60th day after it 

14   shall have become a law.

15                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Call 

16   the roll.

17                (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

19   Harckham to explain his vote.

20                SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Thank you, 

21   Mr. President.

22                I want to thank Senator Krueger for 

23   her leadership on this -- what I think is a very 

24   important bill.  

25                And I would like to say, for the 


                                                               1310

 1   record, that I don't think it matters that she 

 2   doesn't own firearms or that I may own firearms.  

 3   This is about commonsense safety.

 4                You know, as Senator Krueger 

 5   alluded, we've had this legislation in 

 6   Westchester County for more than a decade.  There 

 7   have been no issues with constitutional 

 8   challenges.  There have been no issues with 

 9   people being unable to defend themselves in their 

10   house.  But people have been safer.  

11                You know, in one of the other 

12   counties that I represent, two weeks ago a high 

13   school student shot himself dead with four of his 

14   friends, while either showing them or playing 

15   with a family weapon.  Now, are we to say that 

16   that is the price of freedom?  You know, after 

17   Columbine we said that was the price of freedom.  

18   After Sandy Hook, we said that was the price of 

19   freedom.  After Parkland, we said that was the 

20   price of freedom.  

21                I'm not going back to my district 

22   and when people ask me if I had an opportunity to 

23   do something about this and said it was the price 

24   of freedom -- I'm saying no to that.  And I'm 

25   voting yes to Senator Krueger's bill to keep our 


                                                               1311

 1   kids safe.  

 2                I vote aye.  Thank you, 

 3   Mr. President.

 4                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 5   Harckham to be recorded in the affirmative.

 6                Senator Stavisky to explain her 

 7   vote.

 8                SENATOR STAVISKY:   Thank you, 

 9   Mr. President.  

10                First I'd like to remind my 

11   colleagues that the Second Amendment deals with a 

12   well-regulated militia.  

13                Secondly, we register our cars.  I 

14   think that is a really good example.  And we 

15   require inspection, we require car seats, 

16   children in car seats, and so on.  So to me, this 

17   is comparable to ensuring child safety, and not 

18   anything else.  Nobody is taking anyone's gun 

19   away.  

20                On the other hand, I think we have 

21   an obligation to protect child safety.  And for 

22   that reason, I thank Senator Krueger and I vote 

23   aye.

24                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

25   Stavisky to be recorded in the affirmative.


                                                               1312

 1                Senator Savino to explain her vote.

 2                SENATOR SAVINO:   Thank you, 

 3   Mr. President.  

 4                I also rise in support of Senator 

 5   Krueger's bill.  And I think it's very important 

 6   to recognize that she addresses the issue of 

 7   making sure that people have access to their 

 8   legal handguns and weapons in their home, but 

 9   also addresses how important it is that if those 

10   weapons are not within their control, that 

11   children in their homes are not able to get ahold 

12   of them.

13                I just want to share with you a 

14   story from my own childhood.  When I was very 

15   young my father had weapons because he owned a 

16   bar and he needed them for the protection of his 

17   business.  And he kept those weapons in the 

18   house, he had handguns.  

19                And, you know, little children, they 

20   follow what their parents do.  So I knew where my 

21   father kept those guns.  He kept them in a box in 

22   the closet.  And one day my mother went in to 

23   take a shower, and she came out of the shower and 

24   she found me sitting on the floor of the bedroom 

25   with my father's .38 caliber revolver in my hand.  


                                                               1313

 1                My mother reacted the way any normal 

 2   person would -- she screamed and she ran back 

 3   into the bathroom.  And then she in a split 

 4   second realized she needed to come out and get 

 5   that handgun out of my hands.  And she did, and 

 6   then she made my father take those guns out of 

 7   the house and secure them somewhere else.  

 8                And that's how fast it can happen.  

 9   A toddler follows their father or their mother, 

10   sees where they hide the weapons.  You think 

11   they're secure, and the next thing you know, you 

12   find them on the floor of the bedroom with a .38 

13   caliber in their hand.  

14                That's why this legislation is 

15   important.  And I want to thank Senator Krueger 

16   for enacting it, and I want to thank my 

17   colleagues for supporting it.  I vote aye.

18                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

19   Savino to be recorded in the affirmative.

20                Senator Jacobs to explain his vote.

21                SENATOR JACOBS:   Thank you very 

22   much.

23                I understand the intent of this 

24   bill.  But when we're dealing with a 

25   constitutional amendment, I really believe, as 


                                                               1314

 1   Senator Ranzenhofer mentioned, there really needs 

 2   to be an abundance of clarity on that.

 3                And there's some elements of this 

 4   bill that just concern me in terms of lawful gun 

 5   owners having clarity on what is legal and what 

 6   is illegal, what will cause them to potentially 

 7   be vulnerable to going to jail if law enforcement 

 8   ended up being in their home.  

 9                The question of immediate possession 

10   and control.  I know there was a joke about you 

11   need to take your firearm with you to the shower, 

12   but the vagary is saying that may be the case and 

13   you may be violating the law if you don't.

14                Also, "knows or having reason to 

15   know."  I think the example that was mentioned of 

16   having a newborn in your home and no older 

17   children, but that law enforcement could come in 

18   and say, Well, you may have reason to know, you 

19   should know that somebody could come over to 

20   visit, and therefore you are breaking the law.  

21                And with all due respect, to compare 

22   this at all to any regulation in terms of in an 

23   automobile -- that is very different than a home.  

24   It is constitutionally very different than a 

25   home.  


                                                               1315

 1                So with all due respect, the intent 

 2   is a good one.  I would be amenable to looking at 

 3   this if there was more clarity on the bill.  But 

 4   because of the lack of clarity, because this is a 

 5   constitutional amendment, I cannot be in support 

 6   of it.  Thank you.

 7                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 8   Jacobs to be recorded in the negative.

 9                Senator Skoufis to explain his vote.

10                SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Thank you very 

11   much, Mr. President.  

12                You know, I rise in support of this 

13   bill and I want to thank the sponsor for her 

14   willingness to really accommodate some issues 

15   that I had raised over the course of these 

16   negotiations and specifically tailoring this bill 

17   to children or the prospect of children being in 

18   a household.

19                And I would just -- you know, I want 

20   to read very briefly something from a website 

21   that I just pulled up.  The section of this 

22   website is entitled "Store Guns So They Are Not 

23   Accessible to Unauthorized Persons."  Later on in 

24   that section it reads:  "Mechanical safeties 

25   built into guns can fail and should not be used 


                                                               1316

 1   as a substitute for safe gun handling and the 

 2   observance of all gun safety rules."

 3                This is the website -- the web page 

 4   I'm on is the NRA's Gun Safety Rules.  It's from 

 5   the NRA's website.  

 6                I would argue that this shouldn't be 

 7   a political issue.  Responsible gun owners are 

 8   already safely storing their guns and their 

 9   firearms in their home.  

10                And I vote in support of this bill.  

11   Thank you.

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

13   Skoufis to be recorded in the affirmative.

14                Senator Kavanagh to explain his 

15   vote.

16                SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, 

17   Mr. President.

18                At this stage in the proceedings I 

19   just rise to echo the many people who have 

20   thanked the sponsor for all her work on this.  

21   This is also a bill that has been worked on for a 

22   number of years in the other house.  I believe 

23   they're debating it presently.

24                And bills like this, just a matter 

25   of fact, as a matter of strong evidence, do save 


                                                               1317

 1   lives.  One of the biggest threats we have in our 

 2   homes today is unsecured firearms.  There are 

 3   many, many studies that demonstrate that 

 4   children, whatever you tell them, they will 

 5   access firearms if they have it available.  They 

 6   will pick them up, they will handle them, and all 

 7   too frequently they will use them.

 8                Moreover, as Senator Skoufis pointed 

 9   out, it is the recommendation of all the gun 

10   organizations that claim to be responsible not 

11   only to store your guns safely, but from a page 

12   similar to the one my colleague was reading from, 

13   they also recommend that you always keep the gun 

14   unloaded until ready to use.

15                So again, this notion that it is 

16   prudent or sensible, in a desire to protect your 

17   homes -- to have a gun is protected by the Second 

18   Amendment.  The idea that it is prudent or 

19   sensible to keep it loaded and unsecured is 

20   simply false.  You are creating much greater 

21   dangers to your family by leaving a gun out of 

22   your possession loaded and ready to use than you 

23   are by the very short period that a responsible 

24   gun owner might take to take a trigger lock off 

25   and load a gun.  


                                                               1318

 1                For that reason, this bill is 

 2   extraordinarily important.  It will save lives in 

 3   New York State.  And I'm very proud that this 

 4   chamber is taking it up today.  Thank you.

 5                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 6   Kavanagh to be recorded in the affirmative.

 7                Senator Hoylman to explain his vote.

 8                SENATOR HOYLMAN:   Thank you, 

 9   Mr. President.  I wanted to also thank the 

10   sponsor.  

11                And I guess my question would be, 

12   why has it taken us so long to pass such a 

13   commonsense gun safety bill, given the statistics 

14   that the sponsor relayed to us.

15                Twenty thousand children in the 

16   United States killed or seriously injured in 

17   accidental shootings from 2005 to 2014, and yet 

18   for years this bill languished in this house with 

19   no action, no hearing, no vote.

20                Well, today we change that, 

21   Mr. President.  We're finally taking commonsense 

22   steps, not just to protect New Yorkers but to 

23   protect children.  And that I think is our 

24   foremost mission as representatives of 

25   government.


                                                               1319

 1                I vote in the affirmative.  Thank 

 2   you.

 3                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

 4   Hoylman to be recorded in the affirmative.

 5                Senator Sanders to explain his vote.

 6                SENATOR SANDERS:   Thank you, 

 7   Mr. President.

 8                I rise as a person who believes 

 9   strongly in the Second Amendment, that we 

10   absolutely should have these things.  But 

11   however, somehow we've gotten a little lost in 

12   this conversation where the people on the other 

13   side of the argument believe that children should 

14   be safe also.  

15                Everyone is -- if we're arguing over 

16   the words that this is saying, this bill is -- if 

17   I understand it, is saying that make sure that 

18   little kids or young children should not be able 

19   to inappropriately put their hands on guns.  I 

20   believe that everybody in this place believes the 

21   same thing.  So we're obviously having an 

22   argument over something that's not in these 

23   words.

24                So I'm going to vote for this, 

25   because these words make just common sense that 


                                                               1320

 1   everybody believes.  Nobody is going to argue 

 2   2-year-olds and 3-year-olds and 5-year-olds 

 3   should have the right to take and grab daddy's 

 4   gun or whatever.  Nobody's going to make that 

 5   argument.  And that seems to me the essence of 

 6   what I'm reading here.

 7                Since what's here is saying we 

 8   should -- the children should be safe, I'm voting 

 9   for it, and I thank the sponsor for doing that.

10                Thank you, Mr. President.  I'm 

11   voting for it.

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

13   Sanders to be recorded in the affirmative.

14                Senator Carlucci to explain his 

15   vote.

16                SENATOR CARLUCCI:   Thank you, 

17   Mr. President.

18                I too want to thank Senator Krueger 

19   and all the legislators working on this important 

20   legislation.

21                This is common sense, well overdue.  

22   And I just want to thank everyone for voting in 

23   favor of this legislation.  We heard today one 

24   tragic example after the other, one horrifying 

25   statistic after the other.  And while we can't 


                                                               1321

 1   turn back the hands of time, we can learn from 

 2   our mistakes, and that's what this legislation 

 3   does today.  It corrects some of the things that 

 4   we should have been doing a long, long time ago.  

 5                And we know by the enactment of this 

 6   legislation we're going to put people in a much 

 7   safer position, we're going to be saving 

 8   thousands of children and people across this 

 9   state for years to come.

10                So I want to thank everyone for 

11   supporting this legislation, and I will be voting 

12   in the affirmative.

13                Thank you, Mr. President.

14                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   Senator 

15   Carlucci to be recorded in the affirmative.

16                Announce the results.

17                THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

18   Calendar Number 94, those Senators recorded in 

19   the negative are Senators Akshar, Amedore, 

20   Antonacci, Boyle, Flanagan, Funke, Gallivan, 

21   Griffo, Jacobs, Jordan, Lanza, LaValle, Martinez, 

22   Metzger, O'Mara, Ortt, Ranzenhofer, Ritchie, 

23   Robach, Serino, Seward and Tedisco.

24                Absent from voting:  Senator Young.

25                Ayes, 37.  Nays, 22.


                                                               1322

 1                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   The 

 2   bill is passed.

 3                Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 4   reading of the controversial calendar.

 5                SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

 6   is there any further business at the desk?

 7                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   There 

 8   is no further business before the desk.

 9                SENATOR GIANARIS:   Well, then I 

10   move to adjourn until tomorrow, Tuesday, 

11   March 5th, at 3:00 p.m.

12                ACTING PRESIDENT BENJAMIN:   On 

13   motion, the Senate stands adjourned until 

14   Tuesday, March 5th, at 3:00 p.m.

15                (Whereupon, at 5:06 p.m., the Senate 

16   adjourned.)

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