Regular Session - June 9, 2023

                                                                   6459

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                    June 9, 2023

11                     12:53 p.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR JAMAAL T. BAILEY, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               6460

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    Senate will come to order.  

 4                 I ask everyone present to please 

 5    rise and recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   In the 

 9    absence of clergy, let us bow our heads in a 

10    moment of silent reflection or prayer.

11                 (Whereupon, the assemblage respected 

12    a moment of silence.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    reading of the Journal.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, 

16    Thursday, June 8, 2023, the Senate met pursuant 

17    to adjournment.  The Journal of Wednesday, 

18    June 7, 2023, was read and approved.  On motion, 

19    the Senate adjourned.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Without 

21    objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

22                 Presentation of petitions.

23                 Messages from the Assembly.

24                 The Secretary will read.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Ashby moves 


                                                               6461

 1    to discharge, from the Committee on 

 2    Investigations and Government Operations, 

 3    Assembly Bill Number 6102 and substitute it for 

 4    the identical Senate Bill 5962, Third Reading 

 5    Calendar 769.

 6                 Senator Brisport moves to discharge, 

 7    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 8    Number 4942B and substitute it for the identical 

 9    Senate Bill 5355A, Third Reading Calendar 809.

10                 Senator Krueger moves to discharge, 

11    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

12    Number 1122 and substitute it for the identical 

13    Senate Bill 110, Third Reading Calendar 824.

14                 Senator Harckham moves to discharge, 

15    from the Committee on Health, Assembly Bill 

16    Number 4117 and substitute it for the identical 

17    Senate Bill 6063, Third Reading Calendar 855.  

18                 Senator Breslin moves to discharge, 

19    from the Committee on Insurance, Assembly Bill 

20    Number 4925 and substitute it for the identical 

21    Senate Bill 6827, Third Reading Calendar 1189.

22                 Senator Murray moves to discharge, 

23    from the Committee on Local Government, 

24    Assembly Bill Number 3451 and substitute it for 

25    the identical Senate Bill 5796, Third Reading 


                                                               6462

 1    Calendar 1295.

 2                 Senator Rivera moves to discharge, 

 3    from the Committee on Health, Assembly Bill 

 4    Number 6030C and substitute it for the identical 

 5    Senate Bill 6886A, Third Reading Calendar 1332.

 6                 Senator Myrie moves to discharge, 

 7    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 8    Number 1177 and substitute it for the identical 

 9    Senate Bill 6195, Third Reading Calendar 1343.

10                 Senator Hinchey moves to discharge, 

11    from the Committee on Agriculture, Assembly Bill 

12    Number 5928 and substitute it for the identical 

13    Senate Bill 6185, Third Reading Calendar 1354.

14                 Senator Mannion moves to discharge, 

15    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

16    Number 6021A and substitute it for the identical 

17    Senate Bill 3146A, Third Reading Calendar 1366.

18                 Senator Rolison moves to discharge, 

19    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

20    Number 5261A and substitute it for the identical 

21    Senate Bill 4900A, Third Reading Calendar 1488.

22                 Senator Ashby moves to discharge, 

23    from the Committee on Transportation, 

24    Assembly Bill Number 3162 and substitute it for 

25    the identical Senate Bill 5237, Third Reading 


                                                               6463

 1    Calendar 1491.

 2                 Senator Palumbo moves to discharge, 

 3    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 4    Number 5931 and substitute it for the identical 

 5    Senate Bill 5741, Third Reading Calendar 1505.

 6                 Senator Rivera moves to discharge, 

 7    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 8    Number 5448A and substitute it for the identical 

 9    Senate Bill 266A, Third Reading Calendar 1739.

10                 Senator May moves to discharge, from 

11    the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

12    Number 1191B and substitute it for the identical 

13    Senate Bill 288C, Third Reading Calendar 1792.

14                 Senator Cooney moves to discharge, 

15    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

16    Number 1567 and substitute it for the identical 

17    Senate Bill 1045, Third Reading Calendar 1796.

18                 Senator Comrie moves to discharge, 

19    from the Committee on Finance, Assembly Bill 

20    Number 1909 and substitute it for the identical 

21    Senate Bill 1082, Third Reading Calendar 1797.

22                 Senator Ortt moves to discharge, 

23    from the Committee on Local Government, 

24    Assembly Bill Number 2228 and substitute it for 

25    the identical Senate Bill 1139, Third Reading 


                                                               6464

 1    Calendar 1798.

 2                 Senator Ortt moves to discharge, 

 3    from the Committee on Local Government, 

 4    Assembly Bill Number 2311 and substitute it for 

 5    the identical Senate Bill 1580, Third Reading 

 6    Calendar 1799.

 7                 Senator Ortt moves to discharge, 

 8    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 9    Number 2356 and substitute it for the identical 

10    Senate Bill 1581, Third Reading Calendar 1800.

11                 Senator Skoufis moves to discharge, 

12    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

13    Number 4282B and substitute it for the identical 

14    Senate Bill 3505B, Third Reading Calendar 1802.

15                 Senator Harckham moves to discharge, 

16    from the Committee on Finance, Assembly Bill 

17    Number 121A and substitute it for the identical 

18    Senate Bill 5372A, Third Reading Calendar 1804.

19                 Senator Harckham moves to discharge, 

20    from the Committee on Finance, Assembly Bill 

21    Number 119A and substitute it for the identical 

22    Senate Bill 5394A, Third Reading Calendar 1805.

23                 Senator Hoylman-Sigal moves to 

24    discharge, from the Committee on Judiciary, 

25    Assembly Bill Number 1967 and substitute it for 


                                                               6465

 1    the identical Senate Bill 5400, Third Reading 

 2    Calendar 1806.

 3                 Senator Jackson moves to discharge, 

 4    from the Committee on Finance, Assembly Bill 

 5    Number 5679 and substitute it for the identical 

 6    Senate Bill 5653, Third Reading Calendar 1807.

 7                 Senator Weik moves to discharge, 

 8    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 9    Number 5799A and substitute it for the identical 

10    Senate Bill 5814A, Third Reading Calendar 1809.

11                 Senator Weber moves to discharge, 

12    from the Committee on Transportation, 

13    Assembly Bill Number 4793 and substitute it for 

14    the identical Senate Bill 6027, Third Reading 

15    Calendar 1811.

16                 Senator Martins moves to discharge, 

17    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

18    Number 6557A and substitute it for the identical 

19    Senate Bill 6309A, Third Reading Calendar 1813.

20                 Senator Jackson moves to discharge, 

21    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

22    Number 6731 and substitute it for the identical 

23    Senate Bill 6598, Third Reading Calendar 1815.  

24                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick moves 

25    to discharge, from the Committee on Commerce, 


                                                               6466

 1    Economic Development and Small Business, 

 2    Assembly Bill Number 7073 and substitute it for 

 3    the identical Senate Bill 6681, Third Reading 

 4    Calendar 1816.

 5                 Senator Rhoads moves to discharge, 

 6    from the Committee on Transportation, 

 7    Assembly Bill Number 4212 and substitute it for 

 8    the identical Senate Bill 6706, Third Reading 

 9    Calendar 1817.

10                 Senator Thomas moves to discharge, 

11    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

12    Number 6568B and substitute it for the identical 

13    Senate Bill 6714B, Third Reading Calendar 1818.

14                 Senator May moves to discharge, from 

15    the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

16    Number 7391A and substitute it for the identical 

17    Senate Bill 7493, Third Reading Calendar 1824.

18                 Senator Jackson moves to discharge, 

19    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

20    Number 4018 and substitute it for the identical 

21    Senate Bill 1991, Third Reading Calendar 1838.

22                 Senator Jackson moves to discharge, 

23    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

24    Number 5630 and substitute it for the identical 

25    Senate Bill 5849, Third Reading Calendar 1810.


                                                               6467

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   So 

 2    ordered.

 3                 Messages from the Governor.

 4                 Reports of standing committees.

 5                 Reports of select committees.

 6                 Communications and reports from 

 7    state officers.

 8                 Motions and resolutions.

 9                 Senator Gianaris.

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

11    let's move right into the calendar.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    Secretary will read.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    126, Senate Print 1201A, by Senator Parker, an 

16    act to amend the Public Service Law.

17                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside for 

19    the day.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

21    will be laid aside for the day.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    443, Senate Print 4899A, by Senator Rolison, an 

24    act to amend the Highway Law.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 


                                                               6468

 1    last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

 3    act shall take effect immediately.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 8    the results.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

10    Calendar Number 443, voting in the negative:  

11    Senator Brisport.

12                 Ayes, 57.  Nays, 1.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    595, Senate Print 4814A, by Senator Harckham, an 

17    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

18                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay the 

20    bill aside.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    605, Senate Print 5836, by Senator Stec, an act 

23    to amend the Town Law.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 


                                                               6469

 1    aside.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    668, Senate Print 6218A, by Senator Parker, an 

 4    act to amend the Public Authorities Law.

 5                 (Pause.)

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

 7    let's stand at ease for five minutes, please.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    Senate will stand at ease temporarily.

10                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

11    at 1:01 p.m.)

12                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

13    1:23 p.m.)

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    Senate will return to order.  

16                 Senator Gianaris.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

18    please recognize Senator Lanza.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

20    Lanza.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Mr. President, 

22    there will be an immediate meeting of the 

23    Republican Conference in Room 315 of the Capitol.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There 

25    will be an immediate meeting of the 


                                                               6470

 1    Republican Conference in Room 315 of the Capitol.

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   The Senate 

 3    stands at ease.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    Senate will stand at ease.   

 6                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

 7    at 1:23 p.m.)

 8                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

 9    2:32 p.m.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    Senate will return to order.

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

14    let's begin by removing the lay-asides on 

15    Calendar Numbers 595 and 605.  And we can 

16    continue with the calendar, starting with 595.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    lay-asides on Calendar Numbers 595 and 605 will 

19    be removed.  

20                 The Secretary will read.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    595, Senate Print 4814A, by Senator Harckham, an 

23    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

25    last section.


                                                               6471

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 2    act shall take effect on the 30th day after it 

 3    shall have become a law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 8    the results.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

11    is passed.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

13    605, Senate Print 5836, by Senator Stec, an act 

14    to amend the Town Law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

16    last section.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 7.  This 

18    act shall take effect immediately.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

20    roll.

21                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

23    the results.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

25    Calendar Number 605, voting in the negative:  


                                                               6472

 1    Senator May.  

 2                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    668, Senate Print 6218A, by Senator Parker, an 

 7    act to amend the Public Authorities Law.

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

10    aside.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    746, Senate Print 2943B, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

13    act to apply the Housing Stability and 

14    Tenant Protection Act.

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

17    aside.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    747, Senate Print 2980C, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

20    act to amend the Administrative Code of the City 

21    of New York.

22                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

24    aside.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6473

 1    769, Assembly Bill Number 6102, by 

 2    Assemblymember McDonald, an act to amend the 

 3    Public Officers Law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 5    last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This be 

 7    this act shall take effect immediately.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 9    roll.  

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

12    the results.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

15    is passed.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    804, Senate Print 5850A, by Senator Rhoads, an 

18    act authorizing the Seaford Fire District to 

19    receive retroactive real property tax exempt 

20    status.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

22    last section.  

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 


                                                               6474

 1    roll.

 2                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 4    the results.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 6    Calendar 804, those Senators voting in the 

 7    negative are Senators Bailey and O'Mara.  

 8                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 2.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

10    is passed.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    809, Assembly Bill Number 4942B, by 

13    Assemblymember Forrest, an act to amend the 

14    Education Law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

16    last section.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

18    act shall take effect immediately.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

20    roll.

21                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

23    the results.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 


                                                               6475

 1    is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    823, Senate Print 6349A, by Senator Breslin, an 

 4    act to amend the Executive Law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 6    a home-rule message at the desk.

 7                 Read the last section.  

 8                 The bill is high and will be laid 

 9    aside for the day.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

11    824, Assembly Bill Number 1122, by 

12    Assemblymember Epstein, an act to amend the 

13    State Finance Law.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

15    last section.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

17    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

18    shall have become a law.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

20    roll.

21                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

23    the results.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

25    Calendar 824, those Senators voting in the 


                                                               6476

 1    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

 2    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

 3    Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

 4    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

 5    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 6                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 21.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    855, Assembly Bill Number 4117, by 

11    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

12    Public Health Law.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

14    last section.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

16    act shall take effect immediately.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    is passed.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6477

 1    887, Senate Print 6573, by Senator May, an act to 

 2    amend the Executive Law.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 4    last section.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 6    act shall take effect immediately.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 8    roll.

 9                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

11    the results.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    1056, Senate Print 6749B, by Senator Rivera, an 

17    act to amend the Public Health Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 


                                                               6478

 1    the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    1073, Senate Print 1051A, by Senator Cooney, an 

 7    act to amend the Executive Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Calendar 

 9    Number 1073 is high and will be laid aside for 

10    the day.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    1153, Senate Print 6893, by Senator Harckham, an 

13    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

16    aside.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    1189, Assembly Bill Number 4925, by 

19    Assemblymember Hunter, an act to amend the 

20    Insurance Law.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside for 


                                                               6479

 1    the day, please.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 3    will be laid aside for the day.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    1225, Senate Print 5965A, by Senator Bailey, an 

 6    act to amend the Correction Law.

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside 

 8    temporarily.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

10    will be laid aside temporarily.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    1295, Assembly Bill Number 3451, by 

13    Assemblymember DeStefano, an act in relation to 

14    authorizing the Ruth AME Zion Church to file with 

15    the Town of Brookhaven assessor an application 

16    for certain real property tax exemptions.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

18    last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

25    the results.


                                                               6480

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 2    Calendar 1295, voting in the negative are 

 3    Senators O'Mara and Skoufis.  

 4                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 2.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    1297, Senate Print 6493C, by Senator Griffo, an 

 9    act to amend Chapter 639 of the Laws of 1970.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

18    the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

20    Calendar Number 1297, voting in the negative:  

21    Senator Skoufis.  

22                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    is passed.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6481

 1    1299, Senate Print 6858B, by Senator Rhoads, an 

 2    act authorizing the County of Nassau assessor to 

 3    accept an application for a real property tax 

 4    exemption.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is high and will be laid aside temporarily.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    1300, Senate Print 6906, by Senator Cleare, an 

 9    act to amend the Real Property Tax Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect on the 120th day after it 

14    shall have become a law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

22    is passed.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    1332, Assembly Bill Number 6030C, by 

25    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 


                                                               6482

 1    Education Law.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 3    last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

10    the results.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

13    is passed.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    1343, Assembly Bill Number 1177, by 

16    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

17    Election Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 


                                                               6483

 1    the results.  

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar 1343, those Senators voting in the 

 4    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

 5    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

 6    Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

 7    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

 8    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 9                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 21.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

11    is passed.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

13    1354, Assembly Bill Number 5928, by 

14    Assemblymember Stirpe, an act to amend the 

15    Agriculture and Markets Law.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

17    last section.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

19    act shall take effect immediately.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

21    roll.

22                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

24    the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.


                                                               6484

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 2    is passed.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 4    1366, Assembly Bill Number 6021A, by 

 5    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

 6    Social Services Law.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 8    last section.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

10    act shall take effect immediately.  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

12    roll.

13                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

15    the results.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

18    is passed.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    1488, Assembly Bill Number 5261A, by 

21    Assemblymember Beephan, an act to amend the 

22    Highway Law.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               6485

 1    act shall take effect immediately.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar Number 1488, voting in the negative:  

 9    Senator Brisport.

10                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

12    is passed.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14    1491, Assembly Bill Number 3162, by 

15    Assemblymember Woerner, an act to amend the 

16    Highway Law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

18    last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

25    the results.


                                                               6486

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 2    Calendar Number 1491, voting in the negative:  

 3    Senator Brisport.  

 4                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    1505, Assembly Bill Number 5931, by 

 9    Assemblymember Thiele, an act permitting the 

10    Town Board of the Town of East Hampton to provide 

11    health insurance coverage for enrolled members of 

12    the East Hampton Volunteer Ocean Rescue and 

13    Auxiliary Squad.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

15    a home-rule message at the desk.

16                 Read the last section.  

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

18    act shall take effect immediately.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

20    roll.

21                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

23    the results.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

25    Calendar Number 1505, voting in the negative:  


                                                               6487

 1    Senator Skoufis.  

 2                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    1580, Senate Print 6441B, by Senator Skoufis, an 

 7    act relating to approving certain employee 

 8    benefit costs for transportation employees for 

 9    the Goshen Central School District.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

18    the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

21    is passed.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    1603, Senate Print 7509, by Senator Jackson, an 

24    act to amend the Retirement and Social Security 

25    Law.


                                                               6488

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 2    a home-rule message at the desk.

 3                 Read the last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

10    the results.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

13    is passed.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    1728, Senate Print 7541, by Senator Comrie, an 

16    act to amend the Public Authorities Law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

18    last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

25    the results.


                                                               6489

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 3    is passed.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    1739, Assembly Bill Number 5448A, by 

 6    Assemblymember Gunther, an act to amend the 

 7    Public Health Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 9    last section.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

11    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

12    shall have become a law.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

14    roll.

15                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

17    the results.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

20    is passed.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    1792, Assembly Bill Number 1191B, by 

23    Assemblymember Epstein, an act to amend the 

24    Environmental Conservation Law.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 


                                                               6490

 1    last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 3    act shall take effect on the first of February.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 8    the results.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

10    Calendar Number 1792, voting in the negative:  

11    Senator Walczyk.  

12                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    1793, Senate Print 513B, by Senator Thomas, an 

17    act to amend the Education Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect on the first of July.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 


                                                               6491

 1    Thomas to explain his vote.

 2                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Thank you, 

 3    Mr. President.  

 4                 It's one of those weeks where we 

 5    pass some historic legislation.  And this bill 

 6    before us is important to the Asian-American 

 7    community.  We are one of the fastest-growing 

 8    ethnic communities here in New York State.  And 

 9    for decades we had to choose between sending our 

10    kids to school or observing that religious 

11    holiday.  

12                 Today, because of our supermajority 

13    leader and all those that supported the 

14    Asian Caucus within this conference, we are able 

15    to put this bill on the floor.  This bill allows 

16    school districts outside of New York City to give 

17    a holiday to those who observe Eid, Diwali, 

18    Lunar New Year, among many other Asian and 

19    East Asian holidays.

20                 This is a big deal.  And I want to 

21    thank my colleagues for their support in bringing 

22    this to the floor.  This is important to our 

23    communities out in the suburbs.  This is 

24    important to our youth, who need to understand 

25    the values that this country has for them.


                                                               6492

 1                 And I am so proud of this moment 

 2    today, and I proudly vote in the affirmative.

 3                 Thank you.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 5    Thomas to be recorded in the affirmative.

 6                 Announce the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 9    is passed.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

11    1794, Senate Print 961, by Senator Bailey, an act 

12    to amend the Criminal Procedure Law.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

14    last section.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

16    act shall take effect immediately.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll.  

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 1794, those Senators voting in the 

24    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

25    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 


                                                               6493

 1    Lanza, Martinez, Martins, Mattera, Murray, 

 2    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, 

 3    Rolison, Scarcella-Spanton, Stec, Tedisco, 

 4    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 5                 Ayes, 40.  Nays, 23.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    1795, Senate Print 1039A, by Senator Jackson, an 

10    act to amend the Civil Service Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

12    last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

19    Jackson to explain his vote.

20                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Thank you, 

21    Mr. President.  I rise in order to support this 

22    bill, S1039A.  

23                 This bill is of utmost importance, 

24    as it seeks to ensure that permanent non-New York 

25    City government employees receive a fair 


                                                               6494

 1    due-process hearing in line with the principles 

 2    of justice and fairness.  

 3                 The purpose of this bill is clear, 

 4    to provide permanent non-New York City government 

 5    employees facing disciplinary charges with an 

 6    unbiased and fair hearing process, as outlined in 

 7    Section 75 of the Civil Service Law.  While 

 8    maintaining the existent disciplinary process for 

 9    New York City employees, this bill recognizes the 

10    exceptional track record and expertise of the 

11    Trials Division of the New York City Office of 

12    Administrative Trials and Hearings.

13                 By appointing an impartial 

14    arbitrator selected by mutual agreement of both 

15    parties from a designated list maintained by the 

16    Public Employment Relations Board, we guarantee a 

17    fair opportunity for employers and employees to 

18    present their respective cases.  This approach 

19    fosters transparency, accountability, and the 

20    proper adjudication of disciplinary matters.  

21                 Furthermore, Mr. President, this 

22    bill ensures that Civil Service employees are 

23    protected from unjust suspensions without pay 

24    during the hearing procedures.  By affording 

25    civil service employees the same due process 


                                                               6495

 1    rights, we maintain consistency and uphold the 

 2    principles of fairness across different sectors.  

 3                 In conclusion, Mr. President, 

 4    supporting S1039A is an affirmation of our 

 5    commitment to justice and fairness.  By 

 6    establishing a more equitable hearing process and 

 7    safeguarding the rights of civil service 

 8    employees, we demonstrate our dedication to 

 9    upholding the values underpinning our democratic 

10    society.  

11                 I proudly vote aye, Mr. President.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

13    Jackson to be recorded in the affirmative.

14                 Announce the results.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

16    Calendar 1795, those Senators voting in the 

17    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

18    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

19    Martins, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, Stec, 

20    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

21                 Ayes, 47.  Nays, 16.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

23    is passed.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

25    1796, Assembly Bill Number 1567, by 


                                                               6496

 1    Assemblymember McDonald, an act to amend the 

 2    General Municipal Law.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 4    last section.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 6    act shall take effect immediately.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 8    roll.

 9                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

11    the results.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    1797, Assembly Bill Number 1909, by 

17    Assemblymember Zinerman, an act to amend 

18    Chapter 696 of the Laws of 1887.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

20    last section.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

22    act shall take effect immediately.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

24    roll.  

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               6497

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 2    the results.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 5    is passed.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 7    1798, Assembly Bill Number 2228, by 

 8    Assemblymember Morinello, an act to amend 

 9    Chapter 20 of the Laws of 1985.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

18    the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

20    Calendar Number 1798, voting in the negative:  

21    Senator Bailey.  

22                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    is passed.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6498

 1    1799, Assembly Bill Number 2311, by 

 2    Assemblymember Morinello, an act to amend 

 3    Chapter 363 of the Laws of 1982.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 5    last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 7    act shall take effect immediately.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 9    roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

12    the results.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

14    Calendar Number 1799, voting in the negative:  

15    Senator Bailey.

16                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

18    is passed.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    1800, Assembly Bill Number 2356, by 

21    Assemblymember Morinello, an act to amend 

22    Chapter 19 of the Laws of 1985.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               6499

 1    act shall take effect immediately.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar Number 1800, voting in the negative:  

 9    Senator Bailey.  

10                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

12    is passed.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14    1801, Senate Print 2985C, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

15    act to amend the General Municipal Law.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

17    last section.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 37.  This 

19    act shall take effect immediately.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

21    roll.

22                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

24    the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 


                                                               6500

 1    Calendar 1801, those Senators voting in the 

 2    negative are Senators Borrello, Helming, 

 3    Martinez, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, 

 4    Scarcella-Spanton, Stec, Tedisco and Walczyk.

 5                 Ayes, 52.  Nays, 11.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    1802, Assembly Bill Number 4282B, by 

10    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

11    Town Law.

12                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

14    aside.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    1804, Assembly Bill Number 121A, by 

17    Assemblymember Magnarelli, an act to amend the 

18    Military Law.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

20    last section.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

22    act shall take effect on the first of April.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

24    roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               6501

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 2    the results.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 4    Calendar Number 1804, voting in the negative:  

 5    Senator Brisport.  

 6                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    1805, Assembly Bill Number 119A, by 

11    Assemblymember Magnarelli, an act to amend the 

12    Military Law.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

14    last section.  

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

16    act shall take effect on the first of April.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar Number 1805, voting in the negative:  

24    Senator Brisport.

25                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.


                                                               6502

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 2    is passed.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 4    1806, Assembly Bill Number 1967, by 

 5    Assemblymember Carroll, an act to amend the 

 6    Real Property Law.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 8    last section.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

10    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

11    shall have become a law.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

16    the results.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

18    Calendar 1806, those Senators voting in the 

19    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

20    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, 

21    Harckham, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

22    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Skoufis, 

23    Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

24                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 21.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 


                                                               6503

 1    is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    1807, Assembly Bill Number 5679, by 

 4    Assemblymember Pheffer Amato, an act to amend the 

 5    Retirement and Social Security Law.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 7    last section.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 9    act shall take effect immediately.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

11    roll.  

12                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

14    the results.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    1808, Senate Print 5678, by Senator Gounardes, an 

20    act to amend the Administrative Code of the City 

21    of New York.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

23    a home-rule message at the desk.

24                 Read the last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               6504

 1    act shall take effect immediately.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 9    is passed.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

11    1809, Assembly Bill Number 5799A, by 

12    Assemblymember Gandolfo, an act to authorize the 

13    Town of Islip, County of Suffolk, to discontinue 

14    as parklands and lease certain lands.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:  There is a 

16    home-rule message at the desk.  

17                 Read the last section.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

19    act shall take effect immediately.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

21    roll.

22                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

24    the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 


                                                               6505

 1    Calendar Number 1809, voting in the negative:  

 2    Senator Skoufis.  

 3                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.  

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 5    is passed.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 7    1810, Assembly Bill Number 5630, by 

 8    Assemblymember Jones, an act to amend the 

 9    Retirement and Social Security Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

18    the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

21    is passed.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    1811, Assembly Bill Number 4793, by 

24    Assemblymember McGowan, an act to amend the 

25    Highway Law.


                                                               6506

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 2    last section.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 4    act shall take effect immediately.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 6    roll.

 7                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 9    the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

12    is passed.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14    1812, Senate Print 6169A, by Senator Cleare, an 

15    act to amend the Election Law.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:  Lay it 

18    aside.  

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    1813, Assembly Bill Number 6557A, by 

21    Assemblymember Sillitti, an act in relation to 

22    authorizing the County of Nassau assessor to 

23    accept an application for a real property tax 

24    exemption.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 


                                                               6507

 1    last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 3    act shall take effect immediately.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 8    the results.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

10    Calendar Number 1813, voting in the negative:  

11    Senator O'Mara.

12                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    1814, Senate Print 6500, by Senator Kennedy, an 

17    act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 


                                                               6508

 1    Borrello to explain his vote.

 2                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

 3    Mr. President.  

 4                 I'm going to support this bill.  

 5    However, I'm very disappointed because -- I think 

 6    we all recall last year Chautauqua Institution, 

 7    which I represent, where author Salman Rushdie 

 8    was attacked by a terrorist.  This was 

 9    international news.  And we had the Governor come 

10    out, and all kinds of people come out saying how 

11    this is horrible.  And the Governor said if the 

12    bill to provide peace officer status to 

13    Chautauqua Institution's police force was brought 

14    to her desk, she would sign it.  

15                 But we cannot get that.  I'm 

16    grateful that we're able to get it for these 

17    Parks officers.  They need it.  But in an 

18    emergency situation like that, precious seconds 

19    count.  And without that peace officer status, 

20    they cannot use the force that they need to 

21    ensure that they can keep people safe.

22                 This is a disappointment to not just 

23    me but everyone who understands how important 

24    Chautauqua Institution is but, more importantly, 

25    how important public safety is and the appearance 


                                                               6509

 1    of vulnerability is to a place like that.  

 2                 So while I will vote aye, I am 

 3    disappointed that politics is being chosen over 

 4    public safety.

 5                 Thank you.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 7    Borrello to be recorded in the affirmative.

 8                 Announce the results.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

10    Calendar 1814, those Senators voting in the 

11    negative are Senators Ashby, Bailey, Borrello, 

12    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Griffo, Krueger, Martins, 

13    Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

14    Palumbo.  Senator Lanza.  Also Senator Rivera, 

15    Senator Rhoads -- I'll start over.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

17    the results.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

19    Calendar 1814, those Senators voting in the 

20    negative are Senators Ashby, Bailey, Brisport, 

21    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Fernandez, Griffo, 

22    Krueger, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, 

23    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rivera, 

24    Rolison, Skoufis, Stec, Tedisco, Weber and Weik.

25                 Ayes, 40.  Nays, 23.


                                                               6510

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 2    is passed.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 4    1815, Assembly Bill Number 6731, by 

 5    Assemblymember Stern, an act to amend the 

 6    Retirement and Social Security Law.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 8    a home-rule message at the desk.

 9                 Read the last section.  

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

11    act shall take effect immediately.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

16    the results.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    1816, Assembly Bill Number 7073, by 

22    Assemblymember Curran, an act to amend the 

23    Alcoholic Beverage Control Law.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

25    last section.


                                                               6511

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 2    act shall take effect immediately.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 4    roll.

 5                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 7    the results.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 9    Calendar Number 1816, voting in the negative:  

10    Senator Skoufis.

11                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

13    is passed.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    1817, Assembly Bill Number 4212, by 

16    Assemblymember McDonough, an act to amend the 

17    Highway Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 


                                                               6512

 1    the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar Number 1817, voting in the negative:  

 4    Senator Brisport.

 5                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    1818, Assembly Bill Number 6568B, by 

10    Assemblymember McDonald, an act in relation to 

11    establishing the New York State Organized Retail 

12    Crime Task Force.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

14    last section.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

16    act shall take effect immediately.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll.  

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    is passed.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6513

 1    1819, Senate Print 6877, by Senator Gounardes, an 

 2    act to amend the Administrative Code of the City 

 3    of New York.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 5    a home-rule message at the desk.

 6                 Read the last section.  

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 8    act shall take effect immediately.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    1820, Senate Print 6993A, by Senator Ryan, an act 

19    to amend the Alcoholic Beverage Control Law.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

21    last section.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 6.  This 

23    act shall take effect immediately.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

25    roll.


                                                               6514

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    1821, Senate Print 7356, by Senator Stavisky, an 

 9    act to amend the Education Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

14    shall have become a law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.  

20                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

21    Calendar 1821, those Senators voting in the 

22    negative are Senators Borrello, Griffo, Lanza, 

23    Martinez, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, Palumbo, 

24    Rhoads, Stec, Walczyk and Weik.  Also Senator 

25    Tedisco.


                                                               6515

 1                 Ayes, 50.  Nays, 13.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 3    is passed.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    1822, Senate Print 7362A, by Senator Cooney, an 

 6    act to amend the General Municipal Law.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 8    is high and will be laid aside temporarily.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    1823, Senate Print 7395C, by Senator Weber, an 

11    act in relation to authorizing the assessor of 

12    the Town of Ramapo, County of Rockland, to accept 

13    an application for a real property tax exemption.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

15    last section.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

17    act shall take effect immediately.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

19    roll.

20                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

22    the results.  

23                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

24    Calendar Number 1823, those Senators voting in 

25    the negative are Senators O'Mara and Skoufis.  


                                                               6516

 1    Also Senator Palumbo.  

 2                 Ayes, 60.  Nays, 3.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    1824, Assembly Bill Number 7391A, by 

 7    Assemblymember Lemondes, an act to amend the 

 8    Tax Law.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

10    a home-rule message at the desk.

11                 Read the last section.  

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

18    the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

20    Calendar Number 1824, those Senators voting in 

21    the negative are Senators Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

22    Felder, Harckham, Hinchey, Kennedy, Lanza, 

23    Mannion, Martinez, Mattera, Murray, O'Mara, Ortt, 

24    Palumbo, Rhoads, Scarcella-Spanton, Skoufis, 

25    Tedisco and Webb.


                                                               6517

 1                 Ayes, 45.  Nays, 18.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 3    is passed.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    1825, Senate Print 7533A, by Senator Hinchey, an 

 6    act to amend the Agriculture and Markets Law.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 8    last section.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

10    act shall take effect immediately.  

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside 

12    temporarily.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

14    will be laid aside temporarily.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    1826, Senate Print 7549A, by Senator Thomas, an 

17    act relating to a temporary in rem foreclosure 

18    moratorium.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

20    last section.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

22    act shall take effect immediately.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

24    roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               6518

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 2    the results.  

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 4    Calendar 1826, those Senators voting in the 

 5    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

 6    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

 7    Martins, Mattera, Murray, O'Mara, Palumbo, 

 8    Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 9                 Ayes, 46.  Nays, 17.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

11    is passed.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

13    1827, Senate Print 7551A, by Senator Myrie, an 

14    act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law.

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

17    aside.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    1828, Senate Print 7552, by Senator Addabbo, an 

20    act to amend the Education Law.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside 

22    temporarily.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    will be laid aside temporarily.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6519

 1    1829, Senate Print 7553, by Senator Thomas, an 

 2    act to amend the General Business Law.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 4    last section.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 13.  This 

 6    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

 7    shall have become a law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 9    roll.

10                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

12    aside.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

14    1830, Senate Print Number 7559, by 

15    Senator Scarcella-Spanton, an act to amend the 

16    Retirement and Social Security Law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

18    last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 6.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

25    the results.


                                                               6520

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 3    is passed.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    1831, Senate Print Number 7561, by 

 6    Senator Hoylman-Sigal, an act to amend the 

 7    Executive Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 9    last section.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

11    act shall take effect immediately.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

16    the results.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

18    Calendar Number 1831, those Senators voting in 

19    the negative are Senators Helming and Walczyk.

20                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 2.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

22    is passed.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    1832, Senate Print 7562, by Senator Gianaris, an 

25    act to amend Part D of Chapter 59 of the Laws of 


                                                               6521

 1    2023.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 3    last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

10    the results.  

11                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

12    Calendar 1832, those Senators voting in the 

13    negative are Senators Ashby, 

14    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Helming, Murray, O'Mara, 

15    Ortt, Rhoads, Skoufis, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, 

16    Weber and Weik.

17                 Ayes, 50.  Nays, 13.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    1833, Senate Print 7563, by Senator Sanders, an 

22    act to amend the New York City Charter.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               6522

 1    act shall take effect immediately.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar 1833, those Senators voting in the 

 9    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

10    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

11    Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, 

12    Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Skoufis, Stec, Tedisco, 

13    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

14                 Ayes, 43.  Nays, 20.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    1834, Senate Print 7564, by Senator Myrie, an act 

19    to amend the Election Law.

20                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Lay it 

22    aside.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    1835, Senate Print 7575, by Senator Jackson, an 

25    act implementing an agreement between the state 


                                                               6523

 1    and an employee organization.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 3    Gianaris.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

 5    message of necessity at the desk?  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 7    a message of necessity at the desk.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 9    the message of necessity.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

11    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

12    by saying aye.

13                 (Response of "Aye.")

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

15    nay.

16                 (No response.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    message is accepted and the bill is before the 

19    house.

20                 Read the last section.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 20.  This 

22    act shall take effect immediately.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

24    roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               6524

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 2    the results.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 5    is passed.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 7    1836, Senate Print 7576, by Senator Jackson, an 

 8    act to amend the Civil Service Law.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

10    Gianaris.  

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, I 

12    believe there's another message of necessity at 

13    the desk.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

15    a message of necessity at the desk.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

17    the message.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

19    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

20    by saying aye.

21                 (Response of "Aye.")

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

23    nay.

24                 (No response.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               6525

 1    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

 2    house.

 3                 Read the last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

10    the results.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

13    is passed.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    1837, Senate Print 7579, by Senator Kennedy, an 

16    act to amend the Executive Law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Gianaris.  

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, I 

20    believe there's another message of necessity at 

21    the desk.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

23    a message of necessity.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

25    the message.  


                                                               6526

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

 2    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

 3    by saying aye.

 4                 (Response of "Aye.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 6    nay.

 7                 (No response.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

10    house.  

11                 Read the last section.  

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

13    act shall take effect immediately.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

15    roll.

16                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Borrello to explain his vote.

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

20    Mr. President.  

21                 First of all, I want to thank the 

22    sponsor, Senator Kennedy, for bringing this 

23    forward.  

24                 This has been a very sensitive 

25    subject for a lot of us.  You know, the 


                                                               6527

 1    Seneca Nation and what they do for our economy is 

 2    very important.  But for me, they are not only my 

 3    constituents, they are my friends, my neighbors, 

 4    people that I grew up with in this area.  And 

 5    this compact is critically important to them, but 

 6    also to the communities that are supported by the 

 7    economic activity of the Seneca Nation.  

 8                 This bill provides essentially 

 9    permission for the Governor to negotiate a 

10    compact agreement.  And I would just implore her 

11    to do the right thing.  I think we all know 

12    what that is.  And there are important things in 

13    this bill, like the exclusivity, that is not just 

14    good for the Senecas but is good basic business.  

15                 That we understand that there has 

16    been many, many years of the previous 

17    administration attacking the Seneca Nation on a 

18    number of fronts -- petty things, including 

19    violating the current compact that we were 

20    operating under.

21                 So it's time to step up and do the 

22    right thing.  We've talked about it in this 

23    chamber, we've passed a bill to try to ensure 

24    that we are sensitive to all of our Native 

25    tribes.  But those things are just words.  This 


                                                               6528

 1    is the action.  This compact is the action.

 2                 And the Governor has some inherent 

 3    conflicts of interest, which is why I wanted to 

 4    see the Comptroller oversee this process and 

 5    approve it so that there would be above-board 

 6    integrity in this whole process.  

 7                 So absent that, we're going to have 

 8    to rely on good faith.  I know the Senecas have 

 9    it.  Let's hope our Governor has it as well.  

10                 I vote aye.  Thank you.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Borrello to be recorded in the affirmative.

13                 Senator Kennedy to explain his vote.

14                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

15    Mr. President.  

16                 I rise to speak on this bill that 

17    I'm very proud to sponsor that will authorize 

18    New York State to enter into negotiations with 

19    the Seneca Nation to amend and continue the 

20    tribal state compact.  What we've heard over the 

21    last few days is that those negotiations have not 

22    only gone very well, but that there's been an 

23    agreement in principle.  

24                 What this bill does is it takes the 

25    step to enable that agreement-in-principle to 


                                                               6529

 1    move forward.  This bill enshrines strong labor 

 2    protections for unions to organize at 

 3    Nation-owned facilities, and ensures the Nation 

 4    will maintain an adequate civil recovery system 

 5    that guarantees fundamental due process to 

 6    visitors and guests as well as maintains 

 7    sufficient liability insurance.

 8                 For generations, New York State and 

 9    our federal government has broken promises and 

10    oppressed Native people all across our state, all 

11    across our nation, all across the Western 

12    Hemisphere.  A lack of trust and decades of 

13    neglect has undermined what should have been a 

14    relationship built on mutual respect and 

15    understanding.  

16                 This has resulted in disparities 

17    perpetuated by decades of generational trauma, 

18    disinvestment, and discrimination that these 

19    Nations have faced.  Today, we take a major step 

20    forward for the relationship between New York 

21    State and the Seneca Nation.  The Seneca Nation 

22    is responsible for over 5,000 direct jobs and 

23    over 5,000 indirect jobs in the Western New York 

24    region, the majority of which are non-Native.

25                 The Seneca Nation is responsible 


                                                               6530

 1    also for over $300 million in annual wages to our 

 2    local economy.  And the Nation spends over 

 3    $600 million annually to vendors and suppliers, a 

 4    true economic generator.

 5                 The economic impact, well over a 

 6    billion dollars in Western New York alone, not to 

 7    mention the reciprocal economic impact all across 

 8    New York State -- that revenue goes to local 

 9    communities like Niagara Falls, Buffalo, 

10    Salamanca, making up a significant portion of 

11    revenue for each of these host communities.

12                 And with legislation that we passed 

13    just yesterday, that funding is going to continue 

14    to move forward.  And funding for services for 

15    the people of the Nation, including healthcare, 

16    education, housing, elder services, 

17    infrastructure, public safety and so much more is 

18    impacted by the negotiations that this 

19    legislation allows to move forward.

20                 Since 2002, over 20 years the 

21    Seneca Nation has invested over $2 billion in 

22    capital spending in its facilities in 

23    Western New York.  Now we stand here today 

24    because there's another opportunity for New York 

25    State to make good on our commitment to our 


                                                               6531

 1    Native neighbors and the approval of a fair 

 2    compact with the Seneca Nation that is good for 

 3    all parties involved.

 4                 I want to thank our great Majority 

 5    Leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, for prioritizing 

 6    this important piece of legislation and for 

 7    empowering myself and members of the Subcommittee 

 8    on Native American Relations that worked not just 

 9    out in Western New York, but all across New York 

10    State to give the Native people a voice that they 

11    rightfully deserve -- for the first time ever in 

12    nearly 200 years of existence of this great 

13    state.  

14                 With that, Mr. President, I'm proud 

15    to vote aye.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

17    Kennedy to be recorded in the affirmative.

18                 Announce the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

20    Calendar 1837, voting in the negative:  

21    Senator Cooney. 

22                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    is passed.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6532

 1    1838, Assembly Bill Number 4018, by 

 2    Assemblymember Pheffer Amato, an act to amend the 

 3    Retirement and Social Security Law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 5    last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

 7    act shall take effect on the 60th day after it 

 8    shall have become a law.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

15    Calendar Number 1838, voting in the negative:  

16    Senator Brisport.

17                 Ayes, 62.  Nays, 1.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    1839, Senate Print 6361, by Senator Brouk, an act 

22    to amend the Education Law.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 


                                                               6533

 1    act shall take effect on the 60th day after it 

 2    shall have become a law.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 4    roll.

 5                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 7    the results.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 9    Calendar 1839, those Senators voting in the 

10    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

11    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

12    Martinez, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

13    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

14    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

15                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 21.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

19    reading of today's calendar.

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

21    let's move on to the controversial calendar, 

22    beginning with Calendar Number 1834, please.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    Secretary will ring the bell.

25                 The Secretary will read.


                                                               6534

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    1834, Senate Print 7564, by Senator Myrie, an act 

 3    to amend the Election Law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 5    Lanza, why do you rise?  

 6                 SENATOR LANZA:   Mr. President, good 

 7    afternoon.  I believe there's an amendment at the 

 8    desk.  I waive the reading of that amendment and 

 9    ask that you recognize Senator Walczyk.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   (Pause.)  

11    I'm sorry, Senator Lanza, thank you.  I 

12    appreciate that.  

13                 Upon review of the amendment, in 

14    accordance with Rule 6, Section 4B, I rule it 

15    nongermane and out of order at this time.

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Accordingly, 

17    Mr. President, I appeal the ruling of the chair 

18    and ask that you recognize Senator Walczyk to be 

19    heard on the appeal.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    appeal has been made and recognized, and 

22    Senator Walczyk may be heard.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

24    Mr. President.  

25                 I know you're all familiar with 


                                                               6535

 1    Rule 6, but if you would allow me just a moment 

 2    to explain the germaneness of this amendment.  

 3                 So the bill-in-chief before us is 

 4    actually titled "relates to public campaign 

 5    financing; repealer."  And this amendment is 

 6    germane to the bill-in-chief because this bill 

 7    makes amendments to the public campaign finance 

 8    program, and this amendment repeals, actually, 

 9    the entire program.  So it's a full repealer.

10                 By repealing this program that is 

11    essentially welfare for politicians, we can save 

12    an estimated $100 million for every four-year 

13    election cycle, and that's just a starting 

14    number.  Instead of using this money to run 

15    negative campaign ads, this money, which is 

16    taxpayer money, could be used to pay for 

17    additional educational services, mental health 

18    services, public safety services, a lot of the 

19    wish list for my colleagues across the aisle on 

20    budgetary items that they just ran out of 

21    taxpayer money for.  

22                 This money would be much better used 

23    serving the New Yorkers that sent it to us here 

24    in Albany, especially for the most vulnerable 

25    New Yorkers.  And for these reasons, I strongly 


                                                               6536

 1    urge everyone to support this amendment and do a 

 2    full repealer of the public campaign financing 

 3    program.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 5    you, Senator Walczyk.

 6                 I want to remind the house that the 

 7    vote is on the procedures of the house and the 

 8    ruling of the chair.

 9                 Those in favor of overruling the 

10    chair, signify by saying aye.

11                 (Response of "Aye.")

12                 SENATOR LANZA:   Show of hands.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   A show of 

14    hands has been requested.  Without objection, so 

15    ordered.  

16                 Announce the results.  

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 21.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    ruling of the chair stands, and the bill-in-chief 

20    is before the house.

21                 Senator Walczyk, why do you rise?

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Mr. President, I 

23    hope the sponsor would yield for some questions.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6537

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So on the changes 

 5    that you're proposing to the public campaign 

 6    financing program, I note the current program 

 7    allows for large-dollar donors to have their -- 

 8    the first $250 of someone's donation is matched 

 9    by taxpayer money.  Is that correct?  

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, that is incorrect.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.  

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What is the 

21    maximum amount under the current program that 

22    someone could donate and have it matched by 

23    taxpayer funding for campaigns?

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, the current law is $250 will be 


                                                               6538

 1    matched.  That is the max.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 3    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.  Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And this bill is 

11    proposing a change to the maximum amount that 

12    someone could donate and have that donation still 

13    match in portion, is that correct?

14                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

15    Mr. President, it doesn't change the max that 

16    will be matched.  So 250 remains the maximum that 

17    can be publicly matched.  

18                 What it does change is that it 

19    allows for a contribution that is above $250 to 

20    have the first 250 matched, as opposed to the 

21    current law, that can only match if that donation 

22    was capped at 250.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield.


                                                               6539

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why in the -- I 

 7    wonder if -- why do we have a goal of $250 

 8    maximum for a taxpayer match to funding political 

 9    campaigns in the State of New York?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, one of the most successful public 

12    financing administrations in the country is in 

13    New York City, and our matching on the $250 is 

14    nearly identical to that system.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

16    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

17    yield.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why was the 

24    number $250 selected rather than, you know, the 

25    maximum campaign donation allowing taxpayer 


                                                               6540

 1    funding to match someone who, you know, donated 

 2    $5,000, for example?

 3                 What's the principle there in 

 4    picking $250?  

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, I just want to clarify.  

 7                 Are you asking why we're not giving 

 8    more matching funds?  As opposed to 250 being 

 9    capped, would you like for us to have $5,000 

10    matched?  Or -- I just want to make sure I'm 

11    clarifying the question.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Mr. President, is 

13    he asking me to yield?  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

15    Walczyk, could you clarify the question.  

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I sure would.  

17                 So currently maximum contributions 

18    are $5,000 for a primary and $5,000 for a general 

19    election.

20                 If there's a change in statute that 

21    you're proposing today to the public campaign 

22    financing -- on the day after the last day of 

23    session, in what may be some of the last hours of 

24    our legislative session -- the proposal here is 

25    to allow donations that are maxed out -- so those 


                                                               6541

 1    $5,000 donations would not be allowed, any 

 2    portion, to have a matching donation.  

 3                 But this changes that that so that 

 4    their first $250 of that $5,000 donation can be 

 5    matched by taxpayer funding.  Is that correct?  

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President that is correct.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

10    yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

12    sponsor yield? 

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So just so that I 

17    understand that I'm doing the math right, if 

18    someone were to donate -- and we're talking about 

19    somebody pretty wealthy, obviously, who wants to 

20    have their influence seen in political campaigns.  

21    If they were to donate $5,000 in a primary 

22    election and $5,000 in the general election, they 

23    would see matches from taxpayer money which would 

24    total $2,300 in matching funds from the taxpayers 

25    of the State of New York, in addition to the 


                                                               6542

 1    $10,000 that they've already donated.  

 2                 Am I understanding that math 

 3    correctly?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, that is correct.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why?  

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President, I'm assuming that you're asking 

17    why we're making the change from the current law?  

18                 And the goal here, outside of 

19    matching exactly what happens in the New York 

20    City public financing context, we think it's 

21    important that as many people who want to 

22    participate in this public matching system should 

23    have the opportunity to do so.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 


                                                               6543

 1    yield.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I don't mean to 

 8    harp on it, but I'm asking sort of about the 

 9    principle here.  

10                 While I disagree with the whole 

11    program -- and even brought an amendment on the 

12    floor today to repeal the entire program, because 

13    I think it's offensive that we use taxpayer money 

14    to fund political campaigns, and I'd call it 

15    political welfare for politicians -- even so, I 

16    think there was a principle when the initial law 

17    passed that said we're only going to accept for 

18    this matching program a donation up to $250 

19    matching.  If it's large-dollar donations, those 

20    aren't eligible for matching funds.  

21                 And I think that the principle at 

22    the time, and the way that the current law 

23    states, was so that New Yorkers who are donating 

24    smaller amounts, sort of a more grassroots effort 

25    within campaigns, the smaller donors, those $250 


                                                               6544

 1    and less, they would have their voice amplified 

 2    by taxpayer money, while larger-dollar donors, 

 3    the ones that are maxing out at $5,000, $10,000 

 4    in political campaign donations, aren't matched 

 5    by taxpayer money.  

 6                 So I'm wondering, why are you 

 7    changing that so that the large-dollar donors are 

 8    also matched by taxpayer money?  

 9                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, I think my colleague makes an 

11    excellent case for the public matching system.  

12                 The ability for a larger donation to 

13    be matched at the 250, it bears repeating again, 

14    the New York City system is just the same.  And 

15    what we have seen in the New York City system is 

16    an encouragement of small donor participation.  

17                 I would also note that a candidate 

18    is not precluded from continuing to go after 

19    those grassroots donations.  And in fact that's 

20    what we see in public financing elsewhere.

21                 So while the larger donation will be 

22    matched to an extent, it still encourages the 

23    small donors to give whatever they can to have 

24    their voice amplified in this process.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 


                                                               6545

 1    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'm still looking 

 9    for the reason that we've added -- and I know 

10    you've stated exactly what the change is and 

11    stated it straightforward.  I appreciate that, 

12    because it means that I'm clear on what the 

13    change is here.

14                 But I'm still looking for the reason 

15    why someone who is donating $5,000, $10,000 in an 

16    election cycle did not get matched by taxpayer 

17    money in the past.  Under the changes that you're 

18    proposing today, their donation will get matched 

19    by taxpayer money.  I just want to know why that 

20    change is being made.  What's the principle 

21    behind it?  

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President.  I think, as with a lot of the 

24    things that we do in this house, it is an 

25    iterative process where we have conversations 


                                                               6546

 1    amongst the conference and other stakeholders to 

 2    determine, particularly when we are starting a 

 3    program of this magnitude, that we're doing so in 

 4    a way that the administration is smooth.  And in 

 5    looking at some of the other public financing 

 6    administrations, like the one we have in the 

 7    city, we felt that this was an appropriate change 

 8    at this time.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

10    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield. 

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.  

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Of those 

18    larger-dollar donors that will now be eligible 

19    for a taxpayer match for political campaigns, do 

20    larger-dollar donors generally support incumbent 

21    candidates or insurgent or new candidates?  

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, I'm not sure I know how to answer 

24    that question.  

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I know how to 


                                                               6547

 1    answer that question, but maybe I will on the 

 2    bill.  Mr. President, would the -- 

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Walczyk on the bill.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   No, 

 6    Mr. President, I'd actually ask the sponsor to 

 7    continue to yield if he would.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Okay.  

 9    Well, does the sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the New York 

14    Times ran an article a couple of days ago stating 

15    the following:  "Changes proposed by lawmakers 

16    would protect incumbents and discourage 

17    challengers -- the opposite of the program's 

18    goal.  Suddenly a program that would have 

19    encouraged small donations would no longer do 

20    anything of the sort; in fact, it would 

21    supplement donations as large as $18,000 with 

22    matching funds from taxpayers, a complete 

23    turnabout from the original intent of the system 

24    promised to voters by reformers elected in 2018, 

25    and a perversion of the promise of most other 


                                                               6548

 1    public financing programs," including the one 

 2    that you referenced in New York City.

 3                 How would you respond to the way 

 4    that the New York Times described this proposed 

 5    change?  

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President, I would not.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

10    yield.  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The New York 

17    Times editorial board's article says if a company 

18    executive seeking a state contract makes a 

19    $10,000 contribution to a state senator, that 

20    contribution would still receive a $2,300 public 

21    taxpayer money match.  Matching a contribution of 

22    that size is a waste of public money and provides 

23    little incentive to pursue small donors.

24                 Would you agree that this is kind of 

25    counter to the original intent of that threshold 


                                                               6549

 1    in the public campaign financing program?

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President.  On the particular passage cited 

 4    by my colleague on the other side, it made note 

 5    of someone seeking contracts from the state and 

 6    whether or not that contribution, because of its 

 7    size, would influence that process.  

 8                 And I draw my colleague's attention 

 9    to a bill passed in this house just yesterday 

10    that would ban contributions of any size from an 

11    individual seeking state contracts.  And this is 

12    something that we have sponsored in this house, 

13    we've had many bipartisan I think agreements on 

14    that notion.  And that's an issue that I'm hoping 

15    that we can advance in the entire Legislature as 

16    we go forward.  

17                 So I am very strenuously against 

18    campaign contributions having any influence over 

19    the governing process, but I won't opine on what 

20    the editorial board said otherwise.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield? 


                                                               6550

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Does this bill 

 5    have movement in the other house?  Do you have a 

 6    cosponsor in the other house?  Do we think that 

 7    it will go this session?

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  The -- my -- I'm the chair of the 

10    Senate Elections Committee.  The chair of the 

11    Elections Committee in the other house is 

12    carrying this bill.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The chair of the 

22    Elections Committee in the other house is 

23    Assemblywoman Walker, is that correct?

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, yes.


                                                               6551

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 2    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 3    yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.  

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Would 

10    Assemblywoman Walker be eligible for matching 

11    donations if she registers for the public 

12    campaign financing program?

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, if she meets the criteria outlayed 

15    in the bill, if it is signed into law, she would 

16    be eligible.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

19    yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I would draw your 


                                                               6552

 1    attention to Bill Section 2, page 3, lines 11 

 2    through 14, which amends 14-203(1)(g) and adds a 

 3    (g-1) to that paragraph, to the eligibility 

 4    requirements, to state that you are ineligible if 

 5    you owe any payments, repayments or civil 

 6    penalties from previous participation in the 

 7    public campaign financing program, or if you owe 

 8    similar funds from participating in any local 

 9    public campaign financing program within the 

10    previous 10 years.

11                 As recently as two days ago, it was 

12    reported that the current chairwoman of the 

13    Elections Committee in the Assembly, and the 

14    sponsor of the Assembly bill that you stated, had 

15    outstanding fines owed to the New York City 

16    Campaign Financing Board back from her 2019 run 

17    for public advocate.  

18                 So with that provision in this bill, 

19    would the chair of the Elections Committee and 

20    the sponsor of this bill in the other house be 

21    eligible for any taxpayer match?  

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President.  What I -- my previous answer 

24    remains that if she meets the criteria, she would 

25    be eligible.  As it currently stands, that might 


                                                               6553

 1    not be the case.  But should she pay back, she 

 2    would be eligible.  

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I've often heard 

12    rhetoric about taking the big money out of 

13    politics and allowing more grassroots voices, 

14    that it's part of the core of our representative 

15    democracy that voters and small-dollar donors 

16    don't get rolled by big money and big 

17    corporations and larger campaign donors.  

18                 How does the increase of the amount 

19    that someone can donate and still have public 

20    taxpayer money match that donation, how does that 

21    line up with some of that rhetoric that I've 

22    heard?  

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President.  I would, one, distinguish the 

25    corporate rhetoric that my colleague referenced 


                                                               6554

 1    with a program that does not allow any matching 

 2    for any corporation.  In fact, on the first page 

 3    it says that it has to be an actual person.  So 

 4    this is about individual contributions.

 5                 And then I'd secondarily note that, 

 6    again, this is the program that the City of 

 7    New York has been using to -- I think what 

 8    everyone who examines that system would say a 

 9    successful system -- they have been using that to 

10    effect, to maximize the voices of small donors.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Under the current 

20    program, can someone -- if they register under 

21    the current program but they haven't yet 

22    qualified to be on a ballot, can they receive 

23    taxpayer match under the current program?

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, that is not our reading of the 


                                                               6555

 1    current law.  Because of the payment schedules, 

 2    they would not receive it before there's a 

 3    determination of their candidacy on the ballot.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So in other 

13    words, someone would have to register for the 

14    program, go fully in on the program, also qualify 

15    on the ballot -- they'd have to do all of those 

16    things before the schedule hits and they receive 

17    any taxpayer matches for any of the donations 

18    that they'd received.  Am I understanding that 

19    correctly?  

20                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President, yes.  But it's not a requirement 

22    in the current statutes.  It's just a function of 

23    the payment schedule.  

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               6556

 1    yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So Bill 

 8    Section 5, page 5, lines 53 through 56, and on 

 9    page 6, lines 1 through 14, amends 14-205, 

10    paragraph 3, to change the schedule that you were 

11    just talking about, to change both beginning 

12    dates for when public funds can be paid as well 

13    as the number of payment dates.  

14                 Previously there had been a minimum 

15    of three payments made in the 30 days prior to an 

16    election.  This would have made the first payment 

17    for the 2024 primary in May of 2024; that's what 

18    I've understood and been briefed on.  

19                 The amendments in this bill state 

20    that the Public Campaign Financing Board shall 

21    schedule payments beginning as early as 

22    December 15, 2023.  Is that accurate?

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, yes.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 


                                                               6557

 1    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Doesn't this 

 9    create a conflict with current statute?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, not one that I can readily 

12    identify.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So it's your 

22    understanding that in current statute you don't 

23    have to be a qualified candidate, petition and 

24    get on a ballot, to actually receive taxpayer 

25    matching funds for your political campaign?  


                                                               6558

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President.  Just anticipating where I believe 

 3    my colleague is going, if you are disqualified -- 

 4    i.e., you don't make the ballot -- you have to 

 5    pay back every single penny.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 7    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So my 

15    understanding is that under this bill we're 

16    changing the schedule so that someone could 

17    actually register for the public campaign 

18    financing program, a program that allows them to 

19    go out and solicit donors for a campaign, when 

20    they're not yet a legitimate candidate, they 

21    haven't qualified for the ballot, receive those 

22    donations, and then as early as December 15th, 

23    2023, for a following-year election that is all 

24    the way one year later in November, they can 

25    receive those funds -- and not only that, will 


                                                               6559

 1    receive taxpayer matching dollars.  

 2                 And then, if I'm understanding your 

 3    answer correctly, does that mean the only 

 4    recourse that the taxpayers have, after they've 

 5    paid this candidate who fails to qualify, is that 

 6    they'll have to then chase them down for the 

 7    money if they haven't qualified for the ballot?  

 8    Am I understanding that correctly?  

 9                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, I wouldn't characterize it as 

11    chasing down.  It's the same enforcement that we 

12    have throughout our Election Law -- in fact, one 

13    that you just referenced about a member of the 

14    other house.  

15                 I think it's important to note here 

16    that the change there on the payment schedule is 

17    to encourage participation in the program and to 

18    also, for individuals who don't have this 

19    largesse that you just decried, the influence in 

20    our politics, that they would have the stability 

21    of knowing that this is coming, should they make 

22    the ballot and should they be a bona fide 

23    candidate.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

25    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               6560

 1    yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   You referenced 

 8    the enforcement mechanism.  What would the 

 9    enforcement mechanism be for going after a 

10    candidate that received taxpayer matching funds 

11    but then failed to qualify for the ballot?

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President.  Partially, it would be the 

14    enforcement regime already set up in our 

15    State Board of Elections.  But we also have a 

16    Public Campaign Finance Board that has been given 

17    enforcement powers.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

20    yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               6561

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I am aware that 

 2    we have actually, in this year's budget, 

 3    significantly increased the budget for the 

 4    Public Campaign Financing Board -- I think you 

 5    and I actually may have had a discussion about it 

 6    during the budget process, or it might have been 

 7    the Finance chair -- in addition to also putting 

 8    taxpayer money into the pot in support of 

 9    taxpayer money for campaigns.  

10                 I don't recall, though -- I don't 

11    recall any of that money going specifically to 

12    enforcement.  My understanding of the 

13    Public Campaign Financing Board is that it's 

14    largely staff and advisors that can assist 

15    candidates with the program, whether they be 

16    incumbents or new candidates coming into the 

17    program.  

18                 I don't remember anyone tasked with 

19    an enforcement mechanism, and that's what I'm 

20    really curious about, especially since you 

21    brought it up.

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President.  I was just handed by staff -- to 

24    get the exact number, we specifically lined out 

25    in this year's budget, for the election 


                                                               6562

 1    enforcement program, $5.4 million.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.  

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Is that -- and 

11    not to, you know, bring up the other chair of the 

12    Elections Committee, who can't qualify for this 

13    program right now because she hasn't paid past 

14    fines back to two thousand --

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Walczyk.  Senator Walczyk.  I'd ask could you 

17    keep your questions germane to the nature of the 

18    bill.  Thank you.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I would, 

20    Mr. President.  And it was actually my colleague 

21    in his response that evoked the Elections chair 

22    in the other house.  I thought it was a pretty 

23    concise example of the problem that I'd like to 

24    illustrate and the question that I'd like to ask.

25                 On the enforcement mechanism, is it 


                                                               6563

 1    similar to the enforcement mechanism for New York 

 2    City that's failed to receive those fines since 

 3    2019 from the Elections chair in the other house?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President.  And, you know, I think it's 

 6    unfortunate that we are abusing another colleague 

 7    when we're talking about this bill.  

 8                 But I will also note that we 

 9    introduced a bill earlier this year to increase 

10    the enforcement power of our elections counsel.  

11    And we had a spirited discussion in our 

12    Elections Committee about how you thought that 

13    that was not appropriate and that our elections 

14    counsel should not be able to go after 

15    individuals who break the Election Law.

16                 And so I would hope, again, that we 

17    could bring our focus back to this bill and the 

18    questions that I think for the most part that 

19    you've asked have been germane to what we're 

20    talking about.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

23    yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6564

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And I will -- I 

 5    appreciate that, and I appreciate the course 

 6    direction from the president as well.  

 7                 I think it is important not to 

 8    invoke specific members, but certainly to stay on 

 9    the course with the bill here.  Which I would 

10    have done if this bill came through the committee 

11    that you chair, which is Elections.  Instead, 

12    we're finding -- instead of a discussion at a 

13    table about the particulars in this bill, we're 

14    finding ourselves with a bill that was pushed 

15    through Rules directly onto the chamber floor.  

16                 And so I do have a question that I 

17    would have asked in committee about Section 12 of 

18    this bill.  If you could look at Section 12, it 

19    appears to repeal the New York State Campaign 

20    Finance Fund and related check-off.  There are 

21    two problems that I see with this.  

22                 One, the section cited for the bill, 

23    which is Section 11 of Part ZZZ of Chapter 58 of 

24    the Laws of 2020 amending the Election Law, is 

25    the original severability provision of that part, 


                                                               6565

 1    which is not related to the fund or the 

 2    check-off.  Could you address that?  Am I reading 

 3    this wrong?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President.  I don't know if you're reading it 

 6    wrong.  Maybe we're just reading it differently.  

 7                 But this actually repeals the 

 8    nonseverability clause that's in the current law 

 9    and puts in a severability clause.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

11    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Would the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 Senator Walczyk, I just want to 

19    remind you that you're close to the 30-minute 

20    mark.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thanks for the 

22    reminder, Mr. President.

23                 So there is not a -- then I'm 

24    understanding there is not a repeal of that 

25    check-off in this legislation?


                                                               6566

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, that's correct.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Okay.  Thank you.

 4                 Why are we passing this bill --

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Are you 

 6    asking the sponsor to yield?

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Oh, through you, 

 8    Mr. President, would the sponsor yield.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the public 

15    campaign financing program has been in place for 

16    four years.  Why are we bringing -- and, you 

17    know, the staff has been working and we've even 

18    added funds to the budget this year to hire 

19    additional staff.  And they've figured out the 

20    program as it is now.  Some members of the 

21    Legislature have even registered with the 

22    Public Campaign Financing Board.  

23                 Why is this change being made today?  

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President.  While the program has been in its 


                                                               6567

 1    inception, while we have invested resources in 

 2    staffing and organization, there has not been any 

 3    disbursements yet.  As you know, this starts 

 4    really next year.  

 5                 So it's important for us, before 

 6    that program starts, to make what we believe to 

 7    be appropriate changes in order for the program 

 8    to be successful.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Do you think 

18    we'll do some analysis about whether the changes 

19    to this program will be more helpful for 

20    incumbents than they are for challengers?  

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, I'm not sure we'd be doing that 

23    exact analysis.  But I think it's an important 

24    point that you make that we have to see how the 

25    program actually plays out.  I think we have a 


                                                               6568

 1    responsibility as a legislature to see what are 

 2    the good things in the program and what are the 

 3    things that might need some work, and we will 

 4    legislate accordingly.  

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Is there also a 

14    change in the number of contributors that would 

15    allow someone to qualify -- contributors meaning 

16    campaign donors -- allowing them to qualify for 

17    the matching program from taxpayer money at all?  

18    Was there an increase in the threshold there?  

19                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, yes.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

22    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield?

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6569

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What was the 

 5    change of increase in the threshold?  How many 

 6    additional donors are we expecting that any 

 7    candidate should get?  

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  So the qualification thresholds, 

10    I'll just break it out between the current law 

11    and what this bill proposes.  

12                 So for in-district contributions for 

13    the Senate, the current law says that 150, that's 

14    the threshold that you need.  This bill would 

15    make that threshold 350.  And for the Assembly, 

16    the current law says that it is 75; this bill 

17    proposes it would be 145.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you,  

19    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

20    yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.  


                                                               6570

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   For sitting 

 2    members of the Legislature, either in the 

 3    Assembly or in the Senate, wouldn't it be easier 

 4    for them, with their names well known as 

 5    incumbents, to go out and get that increase of 

 6    matched contributions?  

 7                 So you're changing from 150 

 8    matchable contributors to 350.  Doesn't that sort 

 9    of favor the incumbents that are already well 

10    known and used to raising money?  

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, we represent approximately, most 

13    of us, 300,000 people.  Three hundred fifty 

14    individual contributors, it's less than 

15    1 percent.  I don't view that as an incumbent 

16    advantage.  I view that as proportionate to the 

17    Senate district size.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

20    yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               6571

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I may disagree, 

 2    but I'm encouraged to hear you say that.

 3                 Why was the number of campaign 

 4    donors increased from 150 to 350 in order to 

 5    qualify for taxpayer money to match your campaign 

 6    if you register for this program?

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, I think there were concerns that 

 9    if we are giving out taxpayer dollars, something 

10    that I think you have stated on the record you 

11    are against in its entirety, that there should be 

12    a demonstrated support within the community.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   That change from 

22    150 matchable contributors to 350 matchable 

23    contributors, where does that number come from?  

24    We didn't have a committee meeting about this 

25    bill.  Where does that get populated out of?  


                                                               6572

 1    Where does that idea come from?  

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President, I would again point to the 

 4    comments I made about the populations of our 

 5    districts.  

 6                 We, you know, through our 

 7    conversations, have found that that 350 number 

 8    represents still a very, very small portion of 

 9    the district and still allows for individuals who 

10    don't have any notoriety or who don't have an 

11    office to participate in the program.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Bill Section 7, 

21    page 7, lines 13 to 21, amends 14-207 to add a 

22    new subparagraph (3-a), which requires that the 

23    Public Campaign Financing Board develop and 

24    administer training to allow individuals to 

25    become certified compliance officers under the 


                                                               6573

 1    program.

 2                 I would presume that these certified 

 3    compliance officers would be available to be 

 4    hired by campaigns to assist them with 

 5    compliance.  But what does this mean?  What's the 

 6    purpose of that addition?  

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President.  Part of the discussion we're 

 9    having now is protecting the public fisc.  If 

10    this is something that we are going to be giving 

11    out, we want to ensure that people are complying, 

12    that they're doing this the right way.  

13                 Some of the concerns that we've 

14    heard is that in the current program in New York 

15    City, for individuals not familiar with the 

16    system, it is easy to run afoul of the 

17    regulations.  And we don't want that happening in 

18    this program.  We want individuals complying, 

19    only getting public matching funds if they have 

20    met the appropriate criteria.  And this is meant 

21    to encourage individuals to comply with the law.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               6574

 1    sponsor yield? 

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Would political 

 6    consultants that are paid to work on campaigns, 

 7    fundraise for campaigns and develop campaign 

 8    strategy, essentially run campaigns, would they 

 9    be eligible to become certified compliance 

10    officers under the program?  

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, yes.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why would we want 

22    to put the compliance officers embedded as paid 

23    campaign hands rather than trust the staff that 

24    was funded in this last year's budget -- we 

25    talked about a little bit earlier -- at the 


                                                               6575

 1    Public Campaign Financing Board to perform that 

 2    function?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, I don't think it's a question of 

 5    whether or not we trust the PCFB or other 

 6    enforcement entities.  

 7                 This is a new program, and 

 8    compliance is important.  And we think the more 

 9    people that know how to comply, the better.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.  

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Is there a 

19    requirement that the certified compliance 

20    officers have to be attorneys with Election Law 

21    experience?  

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, no.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               6576

 1    yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   the 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The certified 

 8    compliance officers, under this program, would 

 9    they have to work at State Board of Elections or 

10    work for the Public Campaign Financing Board as 

11    paid staff, as we funded in this last year's 

12    budget?

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, no.  But they would be trained by 

15    the agency.  

16                 And I note that other places in our 

17    election system -- for instance, a treasurer, 

18    that I'm sure you have and all of us in this room 

19    have.  There also aren't requirements 

20    professionally on them.  What is most important 

21    is that they know how to comply and that they 

22    assist the candidate in that compliance.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

24    Mr. President, if the sponsor would continue to 

25    yield.


                                                               6577

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 2    Walczyk, I just want to let you know that this 

 3    will be your final question.  You have elapsed 

 4    the 30-minute mark by five minutes and change.

 5                 Will the sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.  

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Why should I vote 

10    for this?  

11                 (Laughter.)

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President.  Given the hostile amendment you 

14    just offered in which you wanted to repeal this 

15    system in its entirety, I take you at your word.  

16    I believe that that was a genuine offer.  

17                 So if you do not believe in public 

18    financing, you should vote no.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

20    Mr. President.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

22    you, Senator Walczyk.

23                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

24    to be heard?

25                 Senator Borrello, why do you rise?


                                                               6578

 1                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

 2    will the sponsor yield for a question.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you.  

 9    Through you, Mr. President.  

10                 Senator Myrie, currently there is a 

11    max of $250, you've already established that, for 

12    a match.  But now with this new legislation we're 

13    passing today, someone can donate $5,000, and the 

14    first $250 would be matched.  What does that make 

15    that $5,000 donation to, with the additional 

16    taxpayer money that's going to be added on to it?  

17    How much will that be now worth?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  I went to law school because I 

20    was not good at math.  But I believe it would 

21    add, on top of that 5,000, $2300.  And so it 

22    would make that a total of 7,000-something- 

23    something.

24                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

25    will the sponsor continue to yield.


                                                               6579

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   That's correct, 

 7    $7300.  I feel like I'm a game show host.  Sorry.

 8                 So now that $5,000 -- now we just 

 9    lowered the personal donation from $11,800 to 

10    5,000 in the hopes that we would reduce the 

11    amount of, I don't know, influence or whatever it 

12    is.  So now that $5,000 donation is going to get 

13    supercharged to 7300, courtesy of the taxpayers.  

14    So the big donor doesn't have to donate as much, 

15    but the candidate gets that much money.  

16                 So why are we doing that?  Why 

17    didn't we just say, Okay, lower it to $7300?  If 

18    we're going to allow someone who's clearly got 

19    $5,000, they probably have $7300, to be quite 

20    honest.

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President.  I'd say that more broadly, we -- 

23    the hope with this program is that individuals 

24    would not feel that they would have to go after a 

25    $5,000 donation.  


                                                               6580

 1                 If you get a donation of $250, that 

 2    can net close to $2500.  And the goal here, as it 

 3    was when this was initially enacted into law, is 

 4    to encourage that type of engagement between 

 5    candidates and small donors.

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

 7    will the sponsor continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Well, you said 

14    we hope that they won't go after the $5,000 

15    donation.  Well, if we don't want them to, then 

16    why would we give them any match at all on a 

17    $5,000 donation?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  As I've mentioned a number of 

20    times, that is the process under the New York 

21    City campaign finance regime, and that has 

22    encouraged engagement with small donors.  We 

23    believe it would do the same here.

24                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

25    will the sponsor continue to yield?  


                                                               6581

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So the current 

 7    New York City campaign match is $5,000 up to -- 

 8    the first 250 for -- up to 5,000, is that 

 9    correct?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, it is the similar concept.  The 

12    numbers don't quite match because they're smaller 

13    legislative districts.  

14                 But the notion that the first, you 

15    know, whether it's 175 or 250, would be matched 

16    regardless of the size of donation, that is the 

17    same.

18                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

19    will the sponsor continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield? 

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Well, I know 


                                                               6582

 1    that for the longest time we were talking about 

 2    this.  This was modeled after that New York City 

 3    program.  So did it change recently that we have 

 4    to have a bill that actually requires a message 

 5    of necessity, if I'm not mistaken, to change it?  

 6    Was there a sudden change to the New York City 

 7    program that necessitated this change to our 

 8    bill?

 9                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, there was no change in the 

11    New York City program.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

13    will the sponsor continue to yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So what was the 

20    epiphany that we all of a sudden had to make this 

21    change?  I mean, nothing's changed, you just 

22    said.  Now we have a bill in front of us with a 

23    message of necessity from the Governor in order 

24    for us to make this change.  What changed?

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 


                                                               6583

 1    Mr. President.  Just to clarify, there is no 

 2    message of necessity on this bill from the 

 3    Governor.  

 4                 But more broadly, just like many of 

 5    the other provisions in this bill, including the 

 6    severability clause that was not included -- that 

 7    is not included in this current law, was the 

 8    result of many discussions and one that we felt 

 9    appropriate to make as we are on the precipice of 

10    this program becoming a reality.

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

12    will the sponsor continue to yield?

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Okay, so what 

19    we've established is there's been no change to 

20    the program but we have to make this we'll call 

21    it last-minute change, even without a message of 

22    necessity, for a program that was written 

23    probably more than a year ago, I would guess.

24                 So with that being said, this is 

25    going to change the dollar amount.  Do we have 


                                                               6584

 1    any idea, with this change to this maximum match, 

 2    what that's going to cost in additional taxpayer 

 3    dollars to fund this public campaign finance?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President.  One, the total amount that can be 

 6    spent on the program is capped, so it doesn't 

 7    affect how much more would be outlayed.  

 8                 But like many of the other things 

 9    that we do, it would be subject to appropriation 

10    and budget conversations.

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

12    will the sponsor continue to yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   I just want to 

19    be clear.  We're not -- I realize that you're 

20    still matching the same dollar amount.  But 

21    you're going to have more matches if you open it 

22    up to donations above $250.  So isn't that going 

23    to, in the end, mean there's going to have to be 

24    more outlay of money for those matches?  I mean, 

25    there has to be.


                                                               6585

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I'm sorry.  

 2    Senator Borrello, do you mind repeating the 

 3    question?  

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You said that 

 5    there isn't going to be an impact because we 

 6    haven't changed the $250 match amount.  However, 

 7    if someone donates $300 before this change, 

 8    there's no match.  With this change, there's now 

 9    a match, and so on and so forth.  

10                 So just by the simple math of the 

11    fact that all your donations above $250 will now 

12    be eligible for the match, doesn't this mean 

13    we're going to have to outlay more taxpayer 

14    dollars to match those additional donations?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President, I'm loath to hypothesize about 

17    what will happen until we see the funds being 

18    disbursed.  And that is -- as I was having the 

19    conversation with Senator Walczyk, I think it's 

20    important that we continue to monitor that and 

21    legislate accordingly.

22                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

23    will the sponsor continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6586

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Well, I just 

 5    think it's really simple.  There are going to be 

 6    more donations eligible with this higher 

 7    threshold.  That's just -- there's just no -- 

 8    it's inevitable.  

 9                 So the question is we've already 

10    allocated money in this upcoming budget; that 

11    will be for the next cycle, the '23-'24 budget.  

12    Do we have any idea how this is going to impact 

13    the amount of money the taxpayers are going to 

14    have to supply to match these larger donations?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President.  So again, I'd reiterate that we 

17    have to see what the level of participation is.  

18                 But once we hit that $100 million 

19    cap, the Comptroller does have the ability to 

20    pull from other funds until we appropriate, in 

21    the subsequent budget, the amount to match.

22                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

23    will the sponsor continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6587

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So we have a 

 5    $100 million pot of money.  And if we exceed 

 6    that, the Comptroller -- at his discretion, or is 

 7    he obligated to supply that extra money?  

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President, it's an obligation.

10                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   It's an 

11    obligation, okay.  

12                 Mr. President, will the sponsor 

13    continue to yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So with that 

20    amount being obviously higher, we just haven't 

21    done an analysis -- I just want to be clear, 

22    there's been no analysis done, with this sudden 

23    change to the rules, to determine if there's 

24    going to be additional expenses.  

25                 We've -- I guess, has there been any 


                                                               6588

 1    financial analysis done?

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President, it will be subject to 

 4    appropriation.  

 5                 I get the question that my colleague 

 6    is offering.  But having not made a single 

 7    disbursement yet, it is hard to answer the 

 8    question.

 9                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

10    will the sponsor continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

12    sponsor yield? 

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You know, this 

17    obviously means a lot of additional money, 

18    taxpayer money, that's going to be used to fund 

19    these campaigns.  

20                 Is there any prohibition against 

21    using that taxpayer money, that public money, for 

22    something like negative ads?  Will there be a 

23    prohibition against using negative ads with 

24    taxpayer dollars?

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 


                                                               6589

 1    Mr. President, there is not.  

 2                 But I would note that even if we 

 3    wanted to do something like that, that gets into 

 4    I think some tricky First Amendment 

 5    constitutional issues.

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

 7    will the sponsor continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Well, I would 

14    argue that the First Amendment only applies when 

15    you're using your own money and not the 

16    taxpayers' money.

17                 But that being said, so there's no 

18    real guardrails as to what this money can be used 

19    for, is that correct?

20                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I'm sorry, could 

21    you repeat the question?  

22                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So there's no 

23    guardrails for this -- where this money could be 

24    used.

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 


                                                               6590

 1    Mr. President, there is actually a robust amount 

 2    of guardrails.  And so we prescribe, I think 

 3    pretty specifically, some of the things that you 

 4    can and can't do.  

 5                 And also the PCFB has promulgated 

 6    and will promulgate more regulations as to 

 7    campaign expenditures.

 8                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

 9    will the sponsor continue to yield.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

11    sponsor yield? 

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You've increased 

16    the threshold for people to qualify.  For the 

17    State Senate, it's going to go from $12,000 in 

18    contributions to $24,000, from at least 300 

19    matchable donors instead of 150.  

20                 What was the reason for that?  Why 

21    are we raising that threshold?

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, I think there were concerns around 

24    expending public dollars for candidates who have 

25    not demonstrated the appropriate amount of 


                                                               6591

 1    support in the community.  

 2                 The number of contributions and the 

 3    amount, the threshold, is reflective of that 

 4    community support, and that is what this is meant 

 5    to do.

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

 7    will the sponsor continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield? 

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So how does this 

14    compare, at least proportionally, to the New York 

15    City program that this was modeled after?  Was 

16    this change because of some -- in some way 

17    matching the New York City program?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President, it was not.  It was meant to 

20    reflect the realities of current and future 

21    participants in this state program.

22                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

23    will the sponsor continue to yield? 

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6592

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.   

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You know, this 

 5    is a program that's been talked about for years, 

 6    is my understanding, and now it's finally come to 

 7    fruition.  And now all of a sudden -- again, last 

 8    minute -- we are changing and doubling it.  What 

 9    was the change in philosophy?  

10                 I understand you're saying, you 

11    know, that we want -- I guess you used the term 

12    "community support."  But how did community 

13    support change from 150 people to 300 people just 

14    over the last couple of weeks?  

15                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President.  As I mentioned to my colleague in 

17    the previous exchange, this was meant to reflect 

18    concerns around demonstrating community support.  

19                 And this is -- as we've also 

20    discussed we will see how the program is 

21    effectuated and will legislate accordingly if 

22    there are changes needed to be made.

23                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

24    on the bill.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 


                                                               6593

 1    Borrello on the bill.

 2                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Senator Myrie, 

 3    thank you for your question-answering today with 

 4    myself and Senator Walczyk.

 5                 You know, I think that there are a 

 6    lot of us that are just opposed to this in 

 7    general, but we are likely going to have to 

 8    reluctantly participate in this program because 

 9    it's going to be there for everyone else, and we 

10    face the same problems.  

11                 But my friends in the Majority have 

12    the distinct ability to change the rules of the 

13    game, and that's what they've done.  Because they 

14    came to the realization that this is going to 

15    essentially fuel primary opponents, it's going to 

16    fuel Republican opponents.  

17                 So the whole idea of a grassroots 

18    effort to get small donors engaged was the 

19    original intention way back when, but now we're 

20    going to allow someone to donate $5,000 and get 

21    another $2300 -- an almost 50 percent match, 

22    courtesy of the taxpayers.  We're going to 

23    increase the amount from 145,000 per election to 

24    175,000.  And we're going to bar candidates that 

25    are just starting out that could actually benefit 


                                                               6594

 1    from this by saying, we're raising that 

 2    threshold, we're raising the bar.  

 3                 So this has gone from being a 

 4    grassroots effort to essentially an incumbency 

 5    welfare program.  And that's really what this is.  

 6                 So sadly, this is the direction we 

 7    are going in.  The taxpayers are going to be 

 8    paying for negative ads, negative mailers.  The 

 9    taxpayers are going to be watching as many, many 

10    consultants are going to become very, very rich 

11    because they're also allowed to use -- there's a 

12    lot of restrictions, as Senator Myrie said, but 

13    there's no restriction on campaign consultants 

14    getting paid using taxpayer money.  

15                 Now, think about that, folks.  Think 

16    about all the negative ads you see over and over 

17    and over again.  We don't write those.  Those are 

18    written by really-high-paid campaign consultants.  

19    And now taxpayer money is going to go to write 

20    those negative ads that you see, those negative 

21    mailers, all that stuff that you look at and you 

22    throw in the garbage.  That's all going to be 

23    paid for courtesy of the taxpayers.

24                 So I was not in favor of the 

25    original.  I'm not in favor of this, especially 


                                                               6595

 1    because now it's gone completely away, completely 

 2    away from the idea of bringing more people in to 

 3    be able to create more competitive elections, and 

 4    instead it is going to raise the bar to make it 

 5    further and further of a reach for people to be 

 6    able to actually compete in statewide elections.  

 7                 So I'll be voting no.

 8                 Thank you, Mr. President.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

10    you, Senator Borrello.

11                 Senator Tedisco, why do you rise?

12                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the Senator 

13    yield for a question, possibly two?  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Would the 

15    sponsor yield for a question, possibly two?  

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes, for a question 

17    or possibly two.

18                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Okay, Senator.  

19                 Senator, I've been listening 

20    intently, and I've read up a little bit on what 

21    the new proposal is.  We raise money 

22    continuously.  It's like a two-year term, we 

23    start and we just keep going after the election 

24    if we're going to run again, every two years.  

25    And usually it's in dollars or checks.  But what 


                                                               6596

 1    I didn't see in there is the process for 

 2    receiving, spending and reporting what's called 

 3    in-kind donations.

 4                 Has that changed at all with the -- 

 5    I don't know if it did in the previous or in this 

 6    one.

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President.  You can't get any public matching 

 9    funds for in-kind donations.  

10                 But this also doesn't disturb the 

11    current statutes around non-public-matching 

12    in-kind donations.

13                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the Senator 

14    yield for another question?  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    Senator yield?

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   So it's the same 

21    process for in-kind donations; that hasn't 

22    changed at all.  Is the dollar value -- let's say 

23    I'm running for office and we do this sometimes, 

24    we -- somebody lets us have a space, a rental 

25    space, it's an in-kind donation.  Another company 


                                                               6597

 1    will give us some furniture, that's an in-kind 

 2    donation.  Maybe we'll have a barbecue, somebody 

 3    provides the chicken, that's an in-kind donation.  

 4                 Is that a five -- is that up to 

 5    $5,000 just like a regular cash donation, 

 6    limited?

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, yes.  That's the short answer.  

 9    This doesn't disturb anything with in-kind 

10    contributions.

11                 I would just note very clearly that 

12    you cannot have that matched in any capacity.

13                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   I'm not talking 

14    about the matching.

15                 Would the gentleman yield again.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   So we're going to 

22    start running.  We'll get certified -- register 

23    first, then we get certified.  We start raising 

24    the funds, it comes into the second year where 

25    we're going to have a primary.  Somebody gets on 


                                                               6598

 1    the ballot for a primary with an opportunity to 

 2    ballot.  Is that different from having a regular 

 3    endorsement or anything?  A write-in opponent.  

 4    Do we still get matching -- be able to spend our 

 5    matching funds against someone like that?  Would 

 6    it be matching funds to spend for that?  

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President.  If they have met the other 

 9    criteria as outlined in this bill, the 

10    competitive candidate criteria, and they have 

11    otherwise met their requirements, they would be 

12    eligible for matching funds.

13                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   And whatever I 

14    spend against them would be matching -- could be 

15    matching funds.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

17    Tedisco, do you want the -- 

18                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Excuse me.  Will 

19    the gentleman yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Myrie, do you yield?

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I do yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   And if 

24    you could repeat the question, Senator Tedisco, 

25    so we can clarify.


                                                               6599

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   If he could just 

 2    clarify, because I'm not sure I understand.

 3                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   So as I spend my 

 4    dollars -- there's legacy money and there's 

 5    matching funds money.  I can spend the matching 

 6    funds money against that opponent in a primary.  

 7    Would the gentleman yield for another -- 

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   {Inaudible.}

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

12                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Now, once I spend 

13    all this legacy money, the money I've had before, 

14    that's gone.  Two years goes by, I raise quite a 

15    bit of money.  Have no opponent for a primary, 

16    have no opponent for a general election.  All of 

17    my constituents -- let's say I've raised a half a 

18    million dollars -- have donated to me, expecting 

19    me to spend their money for me to win an election 

20    against a candidate running against me.  And I've 

21    got a half a million dollars and nobody ran 

22    against me.

23                 I couldn't spend any of that money 

24    in that campaign because I had no opponent?

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 


                                                               6600

 1    Mr. President.  In that hypothetical, I'm not 

 2    sure you would qualify for matching funds.  That, 

 3    to me, appears to just be private donations.

 4                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Okay.  Would the 

 5    gentleman yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.  Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   So I've got no 

12    matching funds now, I've got a half a million 

13    dollars.  Can I take that off into the next year 

14    for legacy?  What do I do with that half a 

15    million dollars I've raised that I can't use 

16    anymore?

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President, yes.

19                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   I can.

20                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

21                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   So I can build 

22    legacy money if I have -- oh, excuse me.  Would 

23    the gentleman yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6601

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   I can build 

 5    legacy money if I just happen to have no opponent 

 6    whatever.

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Well, part of -- 

 8    through you, Mr. President, you could do that 

 9    now.

10                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Right.

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   But part of the -- 

12    one of the guiding principles of this public 

13    financing is that we're not spending public 

14    dollars on noncompetitive races.  And it's why we 

15    are pretty prescriptive in defining what 

16    competition is, because you are spending public 

17    dollars.

18                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the 

19    gentleman yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   I just want to 


                                                               6602

 1    clarify this.  So I have been raising money under 

 2    the guise that I'm going to have an opponent.  

 3    I'll never get matching money until I really have 

 4    an opponent?  

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, that's correct.

 7                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   And when does -- 

 8    when does that take --

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Oh, excuse me --

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes, I yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   -- would the 

16    gentleman yield.

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   I yield.

18                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   When does that 

19    take place that I really have an opponent?

20                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President.  We have a -- I'm not going to 

22    read through all of the criteria, but it is in 

23    the bill where it tells us what a competitive 

24    race is.  

25                 After those requirements are met, 


                                                               6603

 1    you would have to certify to the PCFB and then 

 2    you would get a disbursement of matching funds.

 3                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the 

 4    gentleman yield for another question.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Okay.  I do have 

11    an opponent now.  I've raised a half a million 

12    dollars.  Nobody ever heard of him or her, nobody 

13    knows him or her.  I spent 500 bucks on the 

14    campaign.  Now I have all that matching funds, 

15    it's probably a million dollars minus $500.  

16                 What happens with that money?

17                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President -- and I direct my colleague's 

19    attention to page 6 of the bill, where we outline 

20    what defines a competitive race.  

21                 You mentioned this is someone that 

22    no one has ever heard of, has no endorsements.  

23    If -- if it was just that and not any of the 

24    other criteria, that sounds like it would not be 

25    a competitive race and that you would not be 


                                                               6604

 1    eligible for public matching funds.

 2                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Would the 

 3    gentleman yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   On page 6, you 

10    said that was?  

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.  Page 6, lines 

12    24 through 53.

13                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   And let's say he 

14    or she fits that contingency on page 6, has the 

15    endorsements, very high profile.  And when the 

16    campaign is over, I still have half a million 

17    dollars left.  What do I do with that money?  

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President, I -- just to clarify, that's half 

20    a million in what, matching funds?

21                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   I had a viable --

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Well, you wouldn't 

23    have half a million in matching funds because 

24    that's way over the maximum --

25                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   All right, 


                                                               6605

 1    250,000.

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   But let's say you 

 3    had the maximum, and you didn't spend any of it.  

 4    That's what you're asking, what happens to that?  

 5                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Can I answer?  

 6    Because he's asking me a question.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 8    Tedisco, you may clarify.  

 9                 But going forward, if we can direct 

10    the questions and comments through the chair, it 

11    makes it much easier.  Thank you.  

12                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Okay.  So let's 

13    say I had $350,000, I could raise that much.  

14    Viable candidate.  I only spent $50,000.  I got 

15    $300,000 in matching funds left.  What happens?

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President, you'd have to give that back.

18                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Okay.  

19                 On the bill.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Tedisco on the bill.

22                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   So Mr. President 

23    and my colleagues, you know, we go to our 

24    constituents and we ask them for money for us, 

25    because they believe in us.  They come to our 


                                                               6606

 1    campaign events, they send money in the mail, 

 2    they go out and they ring doorbells, they get 

 3    petitions for us, they support us.  

 4                 We raise this money from them, and 

 5    then at the end, if we win an election like I 

 6    just discussed with the Senator and we have all 

 7    of their money left over, do you really think 

 8    they want it to go -- I didn't ask this question, 

 9    but I'm not sure exactly where it goes.  Probably 

10    back into the fund for matching funds, to fund 

11    other people which they don't believe in, which 

12    is not from their district, which they did not 

13    donate to.  

14                 Now, you know, what I would think we 

15    would do with that is let us at least send that 

16    back to our constituents in some way and have 

17    them decide if they want to, in the next 

18    election, donate to us once again.

19                 But here we are, we're taking 

20    taxpayers' money to begin with, to spend for 

21    other candidates who they don't believe with.  

22    Then when we raise the money personally from them 

23    and they know they only want it to go to us 

24    because they're only donating to us, at the end, 

25    whatever we have left -- their money, money that 


                                                               6607

 1    they send to you and I and all of us, they 

 2    believe in us, we're sending back into that pool 

 3    to go to other candidates in other places for 

 4    people that they don't believe and don't know, 

 5    maybe would never vote for.  

 6                 It's a bad concept.  But as some of 

 7    my colleagues said, we'll probably have to be 

 8    involved with it because our opponents are 

 9    probably going to be involved with it.  But it 

10    was bad to begin with, it's not the best right 

11    now, but we have to play the hand we've gotten, 

12    and so do our constituents from upstate New York.  

13    But it seems every time something happens in 

14    New York City and is utilized in New York City, 

15    unfortunately it's brought up to upstate New York 

16    and our constituents have to deal with it.

17                 Mr. President, I thank you for the 

18    time, and I thank the Senator for answering some 

19    of those questions.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

21    you, Senator Tedisco.  

22                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

23    to be heard?

24                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

25    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.


                                                               6608

 1                 Read the last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 13.  This 

 3    act shall take effect on the 90th day after it 

 4    shall have become a law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 6    roll.

 7                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 9    Krueger to explain her vote.

10                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you, 

11    Mr. President.  I was very interested in the 

12    entire debate.  

13                 And one response to some of my 

14    colleagues was since you've already voted against 

15    supporting public financing at all, it's not 

16    surprising you would vote against this bill.  

17                 So for the record, I do support 

18    public financing, but I have too many problems 

19    with this bill.  I think we should allow the 

20    program we put in place to be tried out through a 

21    series of legislative elections, and if we need 

22    to fix it, fix it at a later date.  

23                 I vote no.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Krueger to be recorded in the negative.


                                                               6609

 1                 Senator May to explain her vote.

 2                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  

 4                 I appreciate the efforts of 

 5    Senator Myrie, of our Majority Leader, and of my 

 6    colleagues to fix some potential glitches in the 

 7    existing public campaign financing program.  

 8                 But I cannot support this bill, 

 9    because I believe it betrays the original intent 

10    of New York's path-breaking campaign finance law.  

11                 Over the last few months I've had 

12    many conversations with constituents in the 48th 

13    District, explaining to them that their small 

14    donations from $5 to $250 will end up 

15    contributing substantially more to a legislative 

16    campaign.  It's been moving to see people who 

17    never thought they had the means to make a 

18    difference in a state-level campaign to realize 

19    that our state wanted to honor their 

20    contributions in this way, and honor them above 

21    the contributions of those who might have the 

22    ability to give far more.

23                 With this change in how matching 

24    funds are treated, I can no longer tell my 

25    constituents, my lower-income constituents, in 


                                                               6610

 1    good conscience that we are lifting their voices 

 2    up in that way.  

 3                 If we wonder why people of limited 

 4    means tend not to turn out to vote, maybe it's 

 5    because we persist in sending them the message 

 6    that when push comes to shove, our campaign 

 7    system will always make sure that those with the 

 8    deepest pockets have the loudest voices.

 9                 I regretfully vote nay.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

11    May to be recorded in the negative.

12                 Senator Rivera to explain his vote.

13                 SENATOR RIVERA:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 I will be voting aye on this piece 

16    of legislation, but not -- not happily.  

17                 So I've been in the Legislature for 

18    13 years, and during that time I certainly before 

19    have talked about how public financing -- that we 

20    need to get a system right.  I believe in public 

21    financing.  And I believe that we need to move 

22    towards a system in which we excise money from 

23    politics.  

24                 I think that this program has some 

25    imperfections.  Some things that we're changing 


                                                               6611

 1    with this particular piece of legislation I think 

 2    are not necessarily the way that we need to go.  

 3    But I'm going to trust the process.  And I'm 

 4    going to hope that some of the changes that we've 

 5    made today make people participate.  If there's 

 6    things that we need to do in the future, as the 

 7    chair of the Elections Committee said, we might 

 8    need to tweak some more to make sure that we get 

 9    it right, I hope that we come back and do that.  

10                 For the moment, reluctantly, I will 

11    be voting in the affirmative.

12                 Thank you, Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    Rivera to be recorded in the affirmative.

15                 Announce the results.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

17    Calendar 1834, those Senators voting in the 

18    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, Brisport, 

19    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Comrie, Gallivan, 

20    Gonzalez, Gounardes, Griffo, Helming, 

21    Hoylman-Sigal, Krueger, Lanza, Liu, Mannion, 

22    Martins, Mattera, May, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, 

23    Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, Tedisco, 

24    Walczyk, Webb, Weber and Weik.

25                 Ayes, 32.  Nays, 31.


                                                               6612

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 2    is passed.

 3                 Senator Gianaris.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 5    I believe there's a report of the 

 6    Judiciary Committee at the desk.  Can we take 

 7    that up, please.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    Secretary will read.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

11    Hoylman-Sigal, from the Committee on Judiciary, 

12    reports the following nominations --

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Excuse 

14    me.  May we have some order in the chamber, 

15    please.  Senator Borrello.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

17    Hoylman-Sigal, from the Committee on Judiciary, 

18    reports the following nominations:  

19                 As interim judges of the Supreme 

20    Court:  

21                 Honorable Maureen Liccione; 

22                 Honorable James McCarty; 

23                 Honorable Joanne Quinones.  

24                 As a judge of the Monroe County 

25    Family Court:  


                                                               6613

 1                 Maria Cubillos Reed.

 2                 As judges of the Court of Claims:  

 3                 Honorable Ruth Shillingford;

 4                 Honorable Scott Odorisi; 

 5                 Kim Parker;

 6                 Raymond Fernandez;

 7                 Aletha Fields;

 8                 Brian Haak;

 9                 David Fried;

10                 Nicole McGregor Mundy;

11                 Mario Giacobbe;

12                 Ellen Tobin;

13                 Seth Marnin; 

14                 Honorable Maureen Heitner;

15                 Honorable Timothy Lewis;

16                 Honorable Anar Patel; and 

17                 Honorable Michael Siragusa.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

19    the report of the Judiciary Committee.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

21    those in favor of accepting the report of the 

22    Judiciary Committee, signify by saying aye. 

23                 (Response of "Aye.")

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

25    nay.


                                                               6614

 1                 (Response of "Nay.")

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    report of the Judiciary Committee is accepted.

 4                 Senator Gianaris.

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's now take 

 6    up the report of the Judiciary Committee and call 

 7    on Senator Hoylman-Sigal.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 9    Hoylman-Sigal.

10                 SENATOR HOYLMAN-SIGAL:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  

12                 I rise to submit this report from 

13    the Judiciary Committee and move the slate of 

14    judges, many of whom we have here today, for the 

15    Court of Claims, interim justices of the 

16    Supreme Court, and judge of the Monroe County 

17    Family Court.

18                 Madam President, we heard from these 

19    nominees in the Judiciary Committee.  I want to 

20    thank the committee members for their thoughtful 

21    participation during the hearing.

22                 I'm very happy to say, 

23    Madam President, that this year's slate of 

24    19 candidates has a variety of diverse personal, 

25    geographic and professional backgrounds, from 


                                                               6615

 1    attorneys with Legal Aid experience to lifelong 

 2    prosecutors, to those who spent their career 

 3    within the court system itself.

 4                 We learn every day in this chamber 

 5    that representation matters, with the first 

 6    Black woman to lead the New York State Senate, 

 7    with the first woman as New York State Governor.  

 8    And we understand the importance of 

 9    representation in the judicial branch as well.

10                 I have to note that we have to 

11    continue to take steps in addressing the 

12    disparity with Latino judges in our system, 

13    compared to the general population.  I've 

14    discussed this with Senator Sepúlveda, and it's 

15    something we're committed to continuing to 

16    address.

17                 I'm proud also that the AAPI 

18    community is represented in this cohort of 

19    judicial nominees, but we are also lacking in 

20    that regard too.

21                 But we are making history today in 

22    one significant regard.  We're confirming the 

23    first openly trans man to sit as a judge anywhere 

24    in the United States.  That is our friend 

25    Seth Marnin, and I have to acknowledge his 


                                                               6616

 1    presence here today.  Happy Pride.

 2                 Congratulations to all the nominees 

 3    and to their families who are with us today.

 4                 Madam President, with that, I move 

 5    the nominations to the floor and ask that you 

 6    please recognize any Senator who wishes to speak 

 7    on the nominations.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 9    Mayer on the resolution.

10                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  

12                 It's truly my honor to speak on 

13    behalf of all the nominees that were brought 

14    before us and submitted by the Governor.  As 

15    Senator Hoylman-Sigal said, this was an 

16    extraordinarily talented, diverse, and 

17    experienced group of jurists that we are proud to 

18    confirm here today.  

19                 And I was particularly proud to hear 

20    that so many of them had a true feel for the 

21    experience of pro bono and other litigants who 

22    come into the court system and experience their 

23    first taste of the American justice system 

24    through the courts, and how important it is that 

25    each of them walks away with a feeling that this 


                                                               6617

 1    is a place where they are respected and heard, 

 2    whatever the outcome is, that this is a place 

 3    that rules by the rule of law, that is not 

 4    dependent on how much money you have and how much 

 5    power you have and what language you speak and 

 6    who you love.

 7                 I was extraordinarily impressed by 

 8    all of them.  

 9                 I want to speak about two 

10    reappointments:  One, the Honorable Anar Patel, 

11    my constituent, who has served with great 

12    distinction in the year since we confirmed her 

13    before; and the Honorable James McCarty, who has 

14    also continued to serve after he was confirmed 

15    previously.  

16                 I would like to specifically say 

17    about Judge McCarty, who is a very experienced 

18    prosecutor, that the value of having a prosecutor 

19    with integrity, judgment and experience is 

20    something that we value, alongside with those who 

21    come from the other side of the aisle, from 

22    Legal Aid and legal services.

23                 And I'd like to speak on two new 

24    nominees, Brian Haak and David Fried, both of 

25    whom I know and I'm very confident will be 


                                                               6618

 1    excellent, really qualified judges who continue 

 2    to bring distinction to our judiciary.  

 3                 It truly was a beautiful experience 

 4    yesterday to hear each of you talk about your 

 5    personal experience, your commitment to the rule 

 6    of law, and your belief that our judicial system 

 7    is something worth fighting for.

 8                 Thank you, and I vote aye on all the 

 9    nominations.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

11    you.  

12                 Senator Bailey on the nominations.

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 I want to thank the Governor for 

16    really bringing out New York's best and brightest 

17    to serve on our court system.  There's been a lot 

18    of attention on the court system in recent days, 

19    weeks and months, and it's always been a focus of 

20    mine.  It's something that -- you know, it's the 

21    forgotten branch.  

22                 But with these folks on the bench 

23    that are returning, and those that will be new to 

24    the bench, they certainly won't be forgotten.  

25                 I want to add my voice to the chorus 


                                                               6619

 1    of Senator Hoylman-Sigal, our chair, who 

 2    conducted an excellent meeting, and my colleagues 

 3    who asked thoughtful questions and made 

 4    thoughtful statements about all of these 

 5    incredible nominees.  And they will all be 

 6    incredible judges.  

 7                 And I echo the concerns about the 

 8    lack of diversity, whether it be Latino or AAPI.  

 9    We can and we will and we should get better.  

10                 But I want to talk about somebody 

11    who I went to law school with and I know 

12    incredibly well:  Raymond Fernandez.  

13                 If you know me in this chamber, you 

14    know that I love sneakers.  And the first 

15    conversation Ray and I ever had was about 

16    sneakers.  You know, I went to lawyering 

17    seminars -- I switched lawyering seminars and I 

18    went to law sem, and the first conversation we 

19    had wasn't about statutory construction, it 

20    wasn't about the writing piece that we had in 

21    front of us, it was about, yo, I really like your 

22    7s.  Yo, I really like your 3s.  

23                 So from then on, a bond was formed, 

24    and that was my guide through law school.  We met 

25    in Judge Jenny Rivera's seminar class.  And 


                                                               6620

 1    Judge Jenny Rivera is on the Court of Appeals, 

 2    but she was a notoriously tough grader.  And Ray 

 3    and I would be up quite late working on her law 

 4    seminar work.  

 5                 But that's just the tip of the 

 6    iceberg as to who he is.  In law school -- and 

 7    Ray's a handsome dude, and he would have found a 

 8    nice young lady anywhere.  But in law school, the 

 9    only way he would have found Tina was in 

10    law school, because nobody would have believed 

11    Ray that -- where he was at 2 o'clock in the 

12    morning, which was in the library.  Ray Fernandez 

13    used to get escorted out of the library in 

14    law school.  That was his dedication.  

15                 So you knew he was a special guy, 

16    and he had a special dedication and a special 

17    art.  But like coming from where he comes from, 

18    coming from the disparity that he's come from, so 

19    to speak -- he spoke about it in his opening 

20    statement.  Parents, substance use disorder.  

21    Often left by himself to fend for himself, 

22    learned certain social and life skills on his 

23    own.  But he's been able to persevere not only as 

24    a great attorney and soon to be judge, but as a 

25    better father and a husband.


                                                               6621

 1                 And so this is the kind of person 

 2    that you want on the bench.  This is the kind of 

 3    person that you need on the bench in New York 

 4    State.  And this is a person that I am extremely 

 5    proud that I get to say "I vote aye on your 

 6    nomination."  

 7                 But, you know, I don't drink, I 

 8    don't smoke, but I like to bet.  And Ray, I'm 

 9    going to bet this isn't the last time that we 

10    hear your name about judicial offices.  

11                 I vote aye, Madam President.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

13    you.

14                 Senator Ramos on the nominations.

15                 SENATOR RAMOS:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 You know, back home in Queens we 

18    love to say that Queens is the future.  It is a 

19    mantra of sorts that I think speaks to the 

20    diversity that is innate to Queens now.  Right?  

21    I represent the most diverse district in the 

22    entire country, where we speak 200 languages and 

23    we proudly tout the largest transgender community 

24    in the entire country.  

25                 And so to me, this particular class 


                                                               6622

 1    of judicial minds, of legal scholars, has been 

 2    truly eye-opening to be able to witness what the 

 3    future of our bench at different levels can be 

 4    like, will be like.  

 5                 I think, above all, I want to 

 6    congratulate and thank the Governor for having 

 7    the vision and following through on making true 

 8    efforts to diversify our bench on every level.  

 9                 As a Latina I would be remiss if I 

10    didn't, of course, mention and ask that we ensure 

11    that our community is much more included among 

12    these nominations moving forward.  

13                 But I am truly proud to be voting in 

14    the affirmative.  I was so impressed by many of 

15    the stories that I heard as a member of the 

16    Judiciary Committee, whether it was David Fried 

17    or Ray Fernandez.  But certainly Seth Marnin's 

18    nomination and confirmation today is a proud, 

19    proud achievement for our state as we continue to 

20    lead the nation, not only during Pride Month but 

21    throughout the year, in making sure that we are 

22    putting forth equality, justice and fairness.  

23                 Thank you.  I am proud of you all, 

24    and I know you will make us all proud throughout 

25    your service.  


                                                               6623

 1                 Thank you, Madam President.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 3    Murray on the nominations.

 4                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  

 6                 I'm sure we have a group of 

 7    wonderful people.  But as Senator Hoylman-Sigal 

 8    said, we have 19 before us today -- 19 -- that as 

 9    of last week did not even know they were 

10    nominated.  

11                 All the nominations get brought to 

12    the Judiciary Committee.  I do not serve on that 

13    committee, so I did not have the pleasure of 

14    speaking to each one individually.  But I did 

15    hear from some of my colleagues and got some very 

16    good reports.  

17                 But that hearing was earlier this 

18    week.  All of this is dropped on us in the final 

19    week of session, where we've had bills just, 

20    what, within the hour that had messages of 

21    necessity.  We've had supplemental calendars that 

22    were dropped, everyone scrambling to get things 

23    done at the last minute.  And this is how we are 

24    nominating 19 judges.  

25                 And to top it off, we are not voting 


                                                               6624

 1    on 19 judges individually, on their individual 

 2    merit.  It's a block vote, up on all or down on 

 3    all.  How is that possibly ensuring to the public 

 4    that we are choosing the best and the brightest?

 5                 I'm sure many in there are highly 

 6    qualified and will do a fantastic job.  But am I 

 7    sure that all of them will?  No, I'm not.  

 8                 And for that reason, 

 9    Madam President, I cannot vote yes.  I will be 

10    voting no.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Ryan on the nominations.

13                 SENATOR RYAN:   Thank you very much, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 It's great to sit on the 

16    Judiciary Committee, because I got to listen to 

17    each of these candidates, you know, tell their 

18    stories and read their qualifications.  

19                 I have to thank Governor Hochul for 

20    nominating such an outstanding group of jurists, 

21    truly an august group of lawyers with backgrounds 

22    that match the State of New York.  Truly a fine 

23    group.  

24                 I'm going to pick out three to 

25    recognize.  My constituent Mario Giacobbe is 


                                                               6625

 1    being nominated today.  I've known Mario for well 

 2    over 20 years.  He himself is an American success 

 3    story -- learned English in grammar school, has 

 4    had a great legal career on all sides of the 

 5    bench, whether it's criminal justice defense, 

 6    prosecutor, or civil.  He's got a nice, 

 7    well-rounded career.  

 8                 He's going to be a great judge and, 

 9    more importantly, he has a disposition that is 

10    going to be serving him well as a judge.  So I'm 

11    going to be very happy to vote in the affirmative 

12    for Mario Giacobbe.  

13                 Former Erie County Attorney Mike 

14    Siragusa is being reappointed today.  I said a 

15    lot of good things about Mike last year, so we'll 

16    save that.  

17                 And my former law school classmate, 

18    Maureen McHugh Heitner.  She has a contagiously 

19    good nature, she's extremely intelligent, and she 

20    is a diligent worker.  She too has the 

21    disposition that's going to make her a successful 

22    judge.

23                 So it's my honor to vote aye in 

24    favor of this slate of judicial candidates.

25                 Thank you.


                                                               6626

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 2    Sepúlveda on the nominations.

 3                 SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President, for allowing me to speak on 

 5    these nominations.

 6                 As the chair of the Senate 

 7    Subcommittee on Judicial Diversity, and myself an 

 8    attorney now for 31 years, diversity is extremely 

 9    important to me.  I recall the first time I 

10    stepped foot in the Bronx Courthouse; I could 

11    probably count on one hand the number of people 

12    of color that were judges or even attorneys.  

13                 And starting with people like former 

14    Assemblyman and chair of the party Roberto 

15    Ramirez, then Jose Rivera and our current Speaker 

16    of the Assembly, Carl Heastie, and Jamaal Bailey, 

17    our new chair, they've made it a point to make 

18    the Bronx one of the most diverse counties in 

19    terms of representation on the bench.  

20                 And in my position as chair of the 

21    subcommittee, it's something that I'm striving 

22    for as well, to make sure that the bench in this 

23    state represents and resembles the population of 

24    this state.

25                 I sat through the committee hearings 


                                                               6627

 1    as well, the nomination hearings as well, and 

 2    very impressed with many, many of the stories, 

 3    many of the compelling stories of the nominees.  

 4    And I was not -- and I'm not happy that we only 

 5    have one Latino on the Court of Claims that was 

 6    nominated this year, but I understand that and I 

 7    believe that the Governor and the leaders of the 

 8    Legislature are making an effort to diversify the 

 9    bench on the Court of Claims and throughout the 

10    State of New York.

11                 I want to speak also on behalf of 

12    Raymond Fernandez, who I've known as a wonderful 

13    court attorney working for one of the best 

14    administrative judges in the State of New York, 

15    and that's Doris Gonzalez. 

16                 Raymond is known for being an 

17    extremely intelligent, hardworking, ethical and 

18    fair person on the bench.  And so I encourage all 

19    of you, if you want to look at compelling 

20    stories, someone who came from meager means with 

21    terrible challenges in his life, he was able to 

22    overcome it, and look where he is now.  Soon he 

23    will be a Court of Claims judge.  He's been a 

24    role model not only for Latinos but for every 

25    person in the State of New York who's had a 


                                                               6628

 1    difficult life and aspires to be a judge.

 2                 I also want to speak on behalf of 

 3    Joanne Quinones, who is renominated.  An 

 4    incredible judge, an incredible person who I've 

 5    grown to admire and I hear nothing but great 

 6    things about her while she's on the bench.  

 7                 This is an extremely important time 

 8    for this state.  We have to continue to stress 

 9    the importance of people from all walks of life 

10    to be on the bench.

11                 Very impressed that we also have the 

12    first transgender candidate that's going to be on 

13    the Court of Claims.  This is what New York State 

14    needs, because diversity is nothing but a good 

15    thing for this state.  When you have different 

16    experiences to speak about, when you have 

17    different experiences in life, it will help you 

18    deliberate better as a judge and as a human 

19    being.  

20                 So I will proudly vote aye for these 

21    nominees.  Thank you.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the nominations.

24                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

25    Thank you, Madam President.  


                                                               6629

 1                 I do share some of the concerns that 

 2    were expressed by Dean Murray -- Senator Murray, 

 3    excuse me, regarding the process, that we didn't 

 4    have more time to interview and consider these 

 5    candidates.  And I think voting as a block is not 

 6    necessarily the preferred way to be voting on 

 7    these candidates.

 8                 I will say that I am very lucky to 

 9    have been part of the Judiciary Committee, to 

10    hear their qualifications and listen to the 

11    responses to the questions they were asked.  

12    There are many qualified candidates, and some 

13    that I couldn't really assess in the short period 

14    of time.

15                 I would like to speak about two 

16    candidates specifically that I do have the 

17    pleasure of knowing.  

18                 Nicole McGregor Mundy is somebody 

19    I've known for about 10 years.  She is an 

20    exceptionally qualified attorney.  I am so proud 

21    to call her my friend and colleague, and I'm so 

22    excited for her to have been nominated by the 

23    Governor.  

24                 And I'd also like to mention one of 

25    my constituents, Ellen Tobin, a very qualified, 


                                                               6630

 1    very experienced attorney who's also a mom.  And 

 2    I love to see -- like Ms. Mundy, she's also 

 3    another mom.  I love to support women who can 

 4    have it all, who can be attorneys, who can be 

 5    judges, who can be moms and contribute to our 

 6    communities and to our judicial system.

 7                 So I'm very proud to speak on behalf 

 8    of those two candidates.  I wish all the 

 9    candidates well.

10                 Thank you, Madam President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Weber on the nominations.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 I stand today to congratulate 

16    Judge David Fried.  Judge David Fried is a 

17    lifelong resident of Rockland, a fellow 

18    Village of Montebello resident and a great 

19    attorney, someone who's well respected in 

20    Rockland County.  

21                 And as we communicated throughout 

22    the last couple of days, he'll be the first 

23    appointment and -- someone appointed and now 

24    confirmed to the Court of Claims from 

25    Rockland County in over half a century.  


                                                               6631

 1                 So I know he'll make Rockland proud, 

 2    and I want to congratulate David Fried.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 4    Kennedy on the nominations.

 5                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 I too want to first of all recognize 

 8    our leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, for bringing 

 9    this auspicious group of candidates to the floor 

10    here for their respective positions on the 

11    judiciary across New York State.

12                 I want to thank Governor Hochul for 

13    nominating such an outstanding group of jurists 

14    that will work to make us all proud.  And from 

15    everything that I've seen and everything I've 

16    gathered, they've already begun that work, making 

17    us proud, serving the community, serving this 

18    great state, and demonstrating a pride in 

19    justice.

20                 There's a couple of people that I 

21    want to recognize here today.  First of all, 

22    Mario Giacobbe, from Buffalo.  

23                 I have known Mario Giacobbe for over 

24    20 years, and I have seen him not just rise up as 

25    a leader in the legal community but as someone 


                                                               6632

 1    who's engaged in every aspect of leadership 

 2    throughout the Western New York community.

 3                 And I'm so proud to support his 

 4    appointment here today to the Court of Claims.  

 5    We have seen him rise up through the ranks, and 

 6    we have seen him lead.  Now he's going to do it 

 7    on the bench.

 8                 Another individual I'd like to 

 9    recognize is Ellen Tobin, someone I have known 

10    for the better part of a decade -- who, as has 

11    been mentioned already, a working mother, someone 

12    who has risen up in her own right in the legal 

13    community and now she has an opportunity to lead 

14    on the bench.

15                 She celebrates her birthday today.  

16    She shares her birthday with my wife and our 

17    colleague Neil Breslin.  Happy birthday, Judge!  

18                 And congratulations to all of you.  

19    I'm proud to voice my support for each and every 

20    one of these incredible candidates.

21                 With that, Madam President, I vote 

22    aye.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I just want to 


                                                               6633

 1    pause, Madam President, in the midst of hearing 

 2    about our judicial nominees, to recognize a guest 

 3    in the chamber, a classmate of mine from the 

 4    Assembly -- he happens to be the Speaker of the 

 5    Assembly -- Carl Heastie is with us.

 6                 (Standing ovation.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Stavisky on the nominations.

 9                 SENATOR STAVISKY:   Thank you, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 As a member of the 

12    Judiciary Committee, I must tell you that 

13    yesterday was quite a memorable day.  I know it 

14    was important for our friends in the gallery, but 

15    also I think for the members of the 

16    Judiciary Committee, because the Governor 

17    presented us with an incredible group of 

18    potential jurists.  

19                 When they sat in that chair and told 

20    their stories of how they got there, the problems 

21    that they had, what motivated them, what profound 

22    difficulties they had in reaching that day, that 

23    will forever I think have an impact on their 

24    lives.  

25                 So I congratulate the Governor, and 


                                                               6634

 1    I thank our Majority Leader.  

 2                 And I particularly want to mention 

 3    David Fried, from Rockland County, and 

 4    congratulate him on his appointment.  

 5                 And to the Honorable Maureen 

 6    Heitner, whom I've known for a number of years 

 7    because she has been principal law secretary to a 

 8    number of judges in Queens County, particularly 

 9    recently retired Justice Margaret McGowan, who's 

10    a friend whom I've known for many years also.

11                 So I congratulate you all.  I think 

12    this is a memorable class.  And may you continue 

13    to serve the people of our state.

14                 Thank you, Madam President.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Borrello on the nominations.

17                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.  

19                 I'm sure behind me there is a group 

20    of very fine individuals.  And, you know, 

21    unfortunately this process is just -- it's 

22    ridiculous.  That we're coming here at the end of 

23    session and we face hundreds of bills a day, and 

24    we're being asked to vote on people who are going 

25    to be making some very important decisions.  


                                                               6635

 1                 What's most ironic is that we're 

 2    grouping 19 people into one vote.  I remember 

 3    last month when we had to add some fish to the 

 4    DEC's management program, and we literally had to 

 5    vote for one fish at a time -- one fish at a 

 6    time.  Here's the vote, 63 votes for this fish, 

 7    63 votes for that fish.  And yet for judges, 

 8    we're going to group them all together and just 

 9    do it all at once.  We're going to school our 

10    judges, but not school our fish.

11                 So as a result, I'm going to have to 

12    vote no.  Thank you, Madam President.  

13                 (Laughter.)

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Cleare on the nominations.

16                 SENATOR CLEARE:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 I rise to just commend the 

19    Judiciary Committee; our leader, Andrea 

20    Stewart-Cousins; the Governor, for such a fine, 

21    outstanding group of individuals.  

22                 I was able to sit in on the hearings 

23    yesterday, and story after story, experience 

24    after experience just gave me more and more 

25    confidence and comfort in this group that we have 


                                                               6636

 1    before us today.

 2                 You know, I'm going to claim three 

 3    of them as my constituents.  

 4                 Ray, you're from East Harlem, so it 

 5    doesn't matter where you are now, that's where 

 6    you started.  

 7                 Kim, great to see you here today, my 

 8    constituent from Harlem.  

 9                 And Seth, you are just an amazing 

10    individual.  Your record-breaking step that 

11    you're taking, the history that you're making 

12    today is going to mean so much to so many people.

13                 And I just -- it warms my heart to 

14    see the diversity.  You don't know what it looks 

15    like standing right here, looking at all of you.  

16    But the diversity is incredible and it's just a 

17    pleasure to see it.  

18                 And what's even greater than the 

19    diversity in ethnicity and gender is the 

20    diversity in where you come from, and the stories 

21    you told about why you're here and why you're 

22    doing what you're doing.  And your lived 

23    experience.  

24                 That's what I bring with me, it is 

25    the most valuable thing I bring with me to this 


                                                               6637

 1    job, is my lived experience, because I know that 

 2    I'm representing many, many people who may not 

 3    get representation and may not have a voice.  

 4                 And in many ways you all are going 

 5    to do the same thing.  You are representing so 

 6    many different stories, so many different people, 

 7    and it is so important that everybody gets 

 8    justice.

 9                 I look forward to your continued 

10    great work.  And I'm just proud to vote aye.

11                 Thank you.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

13    Liu on the nominations.

14                 SENATOR LIU:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.

16                 You're awesome.  Congrats!  

17                 Madam President, I vote yes.

18                 (Laughter.)

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

20    Rhoads on the nominations.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 First off, I want to congratulate 

24    all of the nominees that sit up in the balcony 

25    today.  I know that they will make fine justices.  


                                                               6638

 1                 Unfortunately, because of the 

 2    process, I will have to vote against their 

 3    nominations -- not because of anything having to 

 4    do with the justices.  

 5                 And to be perfectly honest, we found 

 6    out about these nominations with 24 hours notice.  

 7                 And in the Judiciary Committee -- 

 8    and as a member of the bar, certainly -- we take 

 9    our responsibility seriously on the Judiciary 

10    Committee.  And usually when we interview a 

11    nominee, we have the opportunity to take a 

12    look -- and they're all wonderful people.  Let's 

13    start off by saying that.  

14                 But we have an opportunity to look 

15    beyond that at some of their judicial 

16    temperament, some of the decisions that they've 

17    written over the course of their judicial 

18    careers, to get a sense of how they would be on 

19    the bench for the particular court that they're 

20    going to be assigned to.  

21                 We didn't have the opportunity to be 

22    able to do that.  And that's not a discredit to 

23    the candidates.  The reality is they only found 

24    out that they received the nominations 48 hours 

25    before they actually appeared in the 


                                                               6639

 1    Judiciary Committee yesterday.

 2                 So -- and it's unfortunate because 

 3    the vacancies that they're filling are vacancies 

 4    that existed for months, yet for some reason the 

 5    Governor waited until the very last day of 

 6    session -- which was supposed to be yesterday -- 

 7    to bring those nominations to the floor, so that 

 8    instead of being here and voting on bills we were 

 9    in 124 downstairs considering nominees for 

10    Judiciary.

11                 That's not the way the process is 

12    supposed to work.  It's disrespectful, to be 

13    perfectly honest, to the nominees; disrespectful 

14    to us as Senators.  And I would hope that the 

15    Governor is somehow listening and would take that 

16    into account to get us these nominations earlier 

17    so that we can treat these nominees with the 

18    respect that they deserve.  

19                 So I will be voting no, but I do 

20    congratulate, obviously, all of our nominees, and 

21    I look forward to what I hope will be impressive 

22    careers on the bench.

23                 Thank you, Madam President.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Parker on the nominations.


                                                               6640

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   Thank you, 

 2    Madam President.  

 3                 Let me rise to add my voice to those 

 4    who are congratulating the Governor for putting 

 5    forth such a diverse group of jurists.  

 6                 My congratulations to our leader, 

 7    Andrea Stewart-Cousins, and the members of the 

 8    Judiciary Committee for their thorough work, as 

 9    always.  And congratulations to all of you for 

10    your hard work, for persevering and making it to 

11    this place.  

12                 I particularly want to congratulate 

13    my friend Kim Parker -- no relation -- who I've 

14    known since she was a young lawyer.  And now -- 

15    she's still young, but now a judge.  And just 

16    very proud of her and all the work that she's 

17    done.  And all that she's done in the community 

18    outside of her judicial work is very, very 

19    impressive.  

20                 And although she just happens to 

21    live in Harlem, you know, we still love you, Kim.  

22                 (Laughter.)

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   And, you know, 

24    we're just very, very excited to see this 

25    judicial class, you know, provide justice 


                                                               6641

 1    throughout our state.

 2                 Thank you.  I vote aye.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    question is on the nominations.  

 5                 All in favor signify by saying aye.

 6                 (Response of "Aye.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 8    nay.

 9                 (Response of "Nay.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    nominees are confirmed.

12                 (Lengthy standing ovation.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    Gianaris.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

16    at this time we're going to simultaneously call a 

17    joint meeting of the Committees on Finance and 

18    Crime Victims, Crime and Correction in Room 124, 

19    and call up Calendar 668, by Senator Parker, for 

20    debate.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There 

22    will be an immediate meeting of the Finance 

23    Committee in Room 124.  

24                 The Secretary will read.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               6642

 1    668, Senate Print 6218A, by Senator Parker, an 

 2    act to amend the Public Authorities Law.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 4    Lanza, why do you rise?

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, I 

 6    believe there's an amendment at the desk.  I 

 7    waive the reading of that amendment and ask that 

 8    you recognize Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick to be 

 9    heard.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

11    you, Senator Lanza.  

12                 Upon review of the amendment, in 

13    accordance with Rule 6, Section 4B, I rule it 

14    nongermane and out of order at this time.

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Accordingly, 

16    Madam President, I appeal the ruling of the chair 

17    and ask that you recognize Senator 

18    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick to be heard on that appeal.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    appeal has been made and recognized, and 

21    Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick may be heard.

22                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

23    Thank you, Madam President.

24                 I rise to appeal the ruling of the 

25    chair.  The proposed amendment is unquestionably 


                                                               6643

 1    germane to the bill at hand, and in fact is more 

 2    germane to the original print of this bill than 

 3    the language that was added to the A print, 

 4    because my proposed amendment keeps the same new 

 5    Section 1885 of the Public Authorities Law as 

 6    well as most of its originally proposed language 

 7    and even keeps the same title of this act.

 8                 My proposed amendment simply removes 

 9    some of the language, which is nongermane 

10    alienation language, that was recently added to 

11    this bill, and improves the original version of 

12    the bill at hand by requiring NYSERDA to develop 

13    a comprehensive and improved offshore wind plan 

14    before projects are finalized, rather than 

15    waiting until after the state has already met its 

16    offshore wind goals.

17                 Further, my proposed amendment would 

18    increase the prioritization of community and 

19    environmental protections and ensure meaningful 

20    public input in developing this plan.

21                 While the bill at hand seeks to 

22    balance impacts on the environment and balance 

23    impacts of the local municipalities, my proposed 

24    amendment would prioritize minimizing negative 

25    impacts on the environment and local 


                                                               6644

 1    municipalities.  I am not opposed to New York 

 2    practicing a cleaner, more robust energy mix -- 

 3    in fact, I'm in favor of it.  However, I am in 

 4    favor of doing so responsibly and with local 

 5    input and participation.  

 6                 I have heard from countless 

 7    constituents who have had questions on how the 

 8    offshore wind project related to the alienation 

 9    that was added to the A print of the bill at 

10    hand, how it would impact them, and their 

11    questions have not been answered.

12                 My proposed amendment not only 

13    improves the original bill at hand, but it 

14    corrects an extreme overreach that sought to 

15    bypass local representation.

16                 As the State Senator who proudly 

17    represents the City of Long Beach and who is 

18    committed to ensuring my constituents' voices are 

19    heard here in Albany, the alienation language my 

20    amendment would remove does not belong in the 

21    bill at hand.

22                 For these reasons, Madam President, 

23    I strongly urge you to reconsider your ruling.

24                 Thank you.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 


                                                               6645

 1    you, Senator.  

 2                 I want to remind the house that the 

 3    vote is on the procedures of the house and the 

 4    ruling of the chair.  

 5                 Those in favor of overruling the 

 6    chair, signify by saying aye.

 7                 (Response of "Aye.")

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Request a show of 

 9    hands.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   A show 

11    of hands has been requested and so ordered.

12                 Announce the results.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 21.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    ruling of the chair stands, and the bill-in-chief 

16    is before the house.

17                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick.

18                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

19    Thank you, Madam President.  On the bill.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

21    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the bill.

22                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   The 

23    first part of this bill tasks NYSERDA with the 

24    purpose of overseeing offshore wind projects.  

25    I'm not sure why NYSERDA is tasked with this, 


                                                               6646

 1    since they have nothing to do with procuring 

 2    transmission and they are really not, in my 

 3    opinion, the appropriate overseer of this 

 4    project.

 5                 My biggest complaint, as I just 

 6    stated, was that this bill states that NYSERDA 

 7    only comes in after 9,000 megawatts of offshore 

 8    wind has been achieved, which is the goal of the 

 9    CLCPA.  The original bill says that NYSERDA is 

10    tasked with considering community protection, 

11    both onshore and offshore, balancing the impacts 

12    on the environment, balancing the impacts on 

13    local municipalities, and streamlining the 

14    process for the planned transmission process.

15                 As you just heard from my suggested 

16    amendment, I think that we should be minimizing 

17    the negative impacts on these communities and -- 

18    the offshore community and onshore, in order to 

19    make sure that the process is done responsibly.

20                 I don't understand why we are 

21    waiting until the goal of the CLCPA is met, and I 

22    think there is a more appropriate way of doing 

23    this.

24                 As I stated, I am the proud 

25    representative of the City of Long Beach and the 


                                                               6647

 1    neighboring communities of Island Park and 

 2    Oceanside, all of which are in my district and 

 3    will be impacted by this project.

 4                 My amendment would also task NYSERDA 

 5    with ensuring that the project minimizes these 

 6    negative impacts, and solicit input from the 

 7    community and require a minimum number of 

 8    hearings to be held to get that input from the 

 9    community.

10                 Now, the recent amendment to this 

11    bill added Section 4, that was not part of the 

12    initial version of this bill.  In fact, Section 4 

13    is an exact duplicate of Senate Bill S5364, of 

14    which I am the sponsor.  Section 4 permits the 

15    alienation of parkland located in the City of 

16    Long Beach, which again is in my Senate district.  

17    And from what I am told, this is an unprecedented 

18    move by another Senator to take over a local 

19    bill.  

20                 This is a local bill.  This is a 

21    local issue -- a critical local issue that has 

22    the potential to change the City of Long Beach 

23    forever.  Without the public authority that has 

24    been proposed, there is no one to coordinate this 

25    massive project to ensure that all of the 


                                                               6648

 1    affected communities are protected.

 2                 For weeks I have been in meetings 

 3    with constituents, speaking to them via phone, 

 4    in-person meetings, as well as emails about their 

 5    concerns over this project.  Equinor, who is the 

 6    non-U.S. company that has been awarded this 

 7    project, has failed in every way possible to be a 

 8    good neighbor to these communities.  They have 

 9    held hearings that they have ignored the 

10    residents, they have done nothing to say how the 

11    project will be managed, and there are many 

12    unanswered questions.

13                 So the bill that I propose regarding 

14    alienation was not advanced because the 

15    constituents have been ignored and I am extremely 

16    upset by the fact that this project has the 

17    potential to override my constituents and their 

18    concerns.  In fact, it's my understanding that 

19    there's no home-rule at the desk for this bill, 

20    which I believe is necessary.

21                 The path that has been proposed on 

22    this plan goes right through prime real estate in 

23    the middle of Long Beach.  I've spoken to Equinor 

24    about changing that plan, and they have not 

25    indicated in any way that they're willing to 


                                                               6649

 1    consider other paths.  They are going to tear up 

 2    an evacuation route, and it is a main 

 3    thoroughfare for ambulances getting access to the 

 4    emergency room.

 5                 Part of this project started with 

 6    mapping out the wind farm out in the ocean.  

 7    There has been an unprecedented number of whales 

 8    that have been beached that have died on the 

 9    coast of New Jersey as well as Long Island.  It's 

10    believed by some that this increase in whale 

11    deaths is directly related to this project.  

12    Until those studies are done and the constituents 

13    are reassured that they are not affecting the 

14    ecosystem and the marine life in this area, I 

15    think they have a right to those answers before 

16    this project continues.  

17                 Another part of this project is the 

18    Village of Island Park.  The proposal is to put a 

19    transfer station that some have said will be 

20    seven stories high that will overlook 

21    Reynolds Channel and will forever be a blight on 

22    the beautiful sight that Long Beach looks at when 

23    they look at Island Park.  Never mind the fact 

24    that off the coast of Long Beach you will forever 

25    see these windmills.  


                                                               6650

 1                 And I haven't even gotten to the 

 2    idea that the windmill blades are not recyclable.  

 3    There are many articles and much research to be 

 4    done on how to handle these windmills after they 

 5    are no longer useful.  These blades are 

 6    tremendous.  These wind farms, the towers -- the 

 7    wind turbines, excuse me, are two-thirds of the 

 8    height of the Empire State Building.  These are 

 9    not small, and these will be visible from the 

10    coastline.  

11                 And anybody that knows Long Beach 

12    and Island Park the way I do, because I've spent 

13    my life growing up on the coast of Long Island -- 

14    Long Beach treasures their beach, treasures their 

15    coastline.  It is an incredible jewel to 

16    Nassau County that is used by all the residents 

17    of the area.

18                 So with that background in mind, I 

19    would like to know if Senator Parker, the 

20    sponsor, would yield for a few questions.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

22    Parker, will you yield?  Senator Parker?

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

24    Madam President.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will you 


                                                               6651

 1    yield?  

 2                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, ma'am.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

 6    Thank you, Senator Parker.

 7                 SENATOR PARKER:   (Inaudible.)

 8                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   I 

 9    wanted to ask a little background from you as to 

10    how the alienation piece of this bill was added 

11    to your proposed bill.

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  As we all know here, the 

14    Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act 

15    is the ruling guide for both our energy and our 

16    environmental policy here in the State of 

17    New York.  Much of what we've done in the 

18    Energy and Telecommunications Committee this year 

19    has been around supporting the goals of our 

20    climate-change initiatives.  

21                 Part of -- a small part of what 

22    we're doing is 9 megawatt wind turbine projects 

23    off the coast of Long Island.  And part of what 

24    needs to happen in order for that project to 

25    properly plug into the grid is this project.  


                                                               6652

 1                 And so when presented with the 

 2    opportunity to do that, we certainly saw that the 

 3    needs of the state and the energy needs of the 

 4    people of all of Long Island, you know, took 

 5    precedence over some of the objections that we 

 6    were hearing.  And so that's how we wound up with 

 7    this as part of the legislation.

 8                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 9    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

10    yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR PARKER:   The sponsor 

14    yields.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

18    Thank you, Senator.

19                 As you may have just heard -- and I 

20    believe I may have misspoken -- Senate Bill 5364 

21    is sponsored by me.  And that was the alienation 

22    language that is now included in Section 4 of 

23    your bill.  And I'd like to know, how is it that 

24    that happened?

25                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 


                                                               6653

 1    through you.  Again, this project that needs to 

 2    happen is part of the CLCPA goals.  And so we 

 3    included it because we thought it was important 

 4    in order to make sure these 9,000 megawatts of 

 5    electricity from this offshore wind project 

 6    happens as soon as possible.

 7                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 8    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 9    yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

16    with that in mind, Senator, why is it that your 

17    bill proposes that NYSERDA only comes in after 

18    9,000 megawatts is met, which is the goal of the 

19    CLCPA?  What isn't NYSERDA getting involved in 

20    the planning now to make sure that this project 

21    proceeds properly?  

22                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  The offshore wind project was 

24    already approved through a different process.  

25    NYSERDA is already involved in that.  


                                                               6654

 1                 My legislation now is related to the 

 2    interconnection of bringing that energy literally 

 3    from offshore, onshore.

 4                 And so now we are, in my 

 5    legislation, making sure that the proper approval 

 6    through NYSERDA are being done in that process.

 7                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK: 

 8    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

 9    continue to yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So, 

16    Senator, do you have any information about the 

17    Long Beach project that is being proposed?  How 

18    much energy will be garnered from this 

19    Empire Wind 2 project?  

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

21    Madam President, 1.26 gigawatts are going to be 

22    brought onshore.

23                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

24    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

25    yield.  


                                                               6655

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So, 

 7    Senator, 1.2 gigawatts is a fraction of the 

 8    9,000 megawatts that is needed for this project.  

 9    And as part of what's been proposed, wind 

10    turbines are going to be built, there's going to 

11    be transmission lines coming through Long Beach 

12    that go right through prime real estate, through 

13    Reynolds Channel, up to Island Park.  And these 

14    transmission lines are going to come through 

15    based on the project that's proposed.

16                 So based on what you have asked, 

17    NYSERDA to supervise the coordination of these 

18    transmission lines, doesn't it make sense that 

19    NYSERDA should be involved at the beginning?  

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

21    through you.  NYSERDA is already involved.  

22    Right?  Like -- so, I mean, when we start talking 

23    about -- there's two separate parts of this, 

24    right?  So two things have to happen.  We have to 

25    approve, and we have approved, the wind turbines 


                                                               6656

 1    to be built offshore.  That was already done.  

 2    NYSERDA's involved in that process.  

 3                 This now is the second part of the 

 4    process, which now deals with the interconnection 

 5    of bringing that energy onshore.  And now, 

 6    through my legislation, we are involving NYSERDA 

 7    in the study and administration of that part of 

 8    the project.

 9                 So NYSERDA is essentially involved 

10    in every step of this project.

11                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK: 

12    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

20    Thank you, Senator.

21                 So as I said before, we're -- and as 

22    you answered, we're looking at 1.2 gigawatts of 

23    energy.  How many other wind farms are we going 

24    to build off the coast of Long Island to get to 

25    the 9,000 megawatts of the goal of the CLCPA?  


                                                               6657

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 2    through you.  When we start talking about the 

 3    projects, they're interconnected.  They're not 

 4    independent.  So even though this particular 

 5    project may be only partial of what we need, is 

 6    that if this project doesn't happen and its 

 7    interconnection doesn't happen, there are other 

 8    projects equaling over 3.3 gigawatts that may be 

 9    in peril if in fact this project doesn't happen.

10                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

11    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

12    continue to yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So, 

19    Senator, where else are we going to make up the 

20    other roughly 6,000 megawatts of offshore wind 

21    that we need to meet the CLCPA goal?  

22                 Because if I understood you 

23    correctly, there's about 3,000 that's going to 

24    come in from the projects off of Long Island.  

25    Where is the other 6,000 megawatts coming from?


                                                               6658

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 2    through you.  So when we talk about the total of 

 3    9,000 megawatts, that is all offshore wind.  

 4    Right?  And almost all of that offshore wind, in 

 5    my understanding, is coming from this 

 6    particular -- this set of projects off the shore 

 7    of Long Island.  Right?  

 8                 What we're now discussing in the 

 9    context of this legislation is one 

10    interconnection.  There will be other 

11    interconnections, but right now we're dealing 

12    with this one interconnection.  So there will be 

13    other interconnections that happen along the 

14    South Shore of Long Island.

15                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

16    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

17    yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.  

23                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

24    Thank you.  

25                 Through you, Madam President, if 


                                                               6659

 1    we're looking at trying to get to 

 2    9,000 megawatts, are we going to be building 

 3    further into the ocean south of Long Island?  Are 

 4    we going off the North Shore of Long Island?  

 5    Where is it anticipated that we're going to get 

 6    6,000 more megawatts of power, of offshore wind?

 7                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  So this process is an organic 

 9    process.  And so this -- there's some projects 

10    that are already planned, there's some projects 

11    that are being planned.  We know that when we 

12    finish building out and -- planning out and 

13    building out, that the goal is 9,000 megawatts.  

14    So some of the other projects are not quite fully 

15    planned out.

16                 There is an opportunity for all of 

17    us to be involved, including community members, 

18    to be involved with ORES, the Office of Renewable 

19    Energy Siting, to be involved in that planning 

20    process of the projects that are going to be 

21    built out.  And not just on the issue of offshore 

22    wind, but all the projects that we're going to 

23    build out throughout the State of New York, 

24    irregardless of the type of technology we're 

25    going to be using to build them out.


                                                               6660

 1                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 2    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

 3    continue to yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

10    the information that I have is that New York now 

11    has five offshore wind projects in active 

12    development, the largest offshore wind pipeline 

13    in the nation totaling more than 4300 megawatts, 

14    and representing about 50 percent of the capacity 

15    that we want to reach by 2035 for the 

16    9,000 megawatts that's the goal of the CLCPA.  

17                 And what I'm trying to find out is, 

18    are we going to continue to disrupt our 

19    Long Island coast, or is there anyplace else in 

20    the state that we are going to get offshore wind 

21    from?

22                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, I 

23    think what the Senator is indicating to me is not 

24    different from what I've said.  Right?  Which is 

25    that some of the stuff is being built out, some 


                                                               6661

 1    things are still being planned out.  And whether 

 2    it's offshore or whether it's onshore or other 

 3    types of technology, there are projects that are 

 4    happening.

 5                 This particular legislation is about 

 6    one particular project.  So if she's -- if the 

 7    Senator is interested in conversations about 

 8    what's going to be happening in other places, she 

 9    probably should talk to the people at ORES.  

10                 But this legislation is about this 

11    specific interconnection that needs to happen in 

12    order to facilitate this 3.3 gigabytes -- I'm 

13    sorry, gigawatts of energy.

14                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

15    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield?

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

23    Thank you, Senator.

24                 I wanted to ask, too, if you've had 

25    any communications with the Long Beach public 


                                                               6662

 1    officials regarding the alienation that's in your 

 2    bill.

 3                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  I have not directly had any 

 5    contact with them.  But the elected officials in 

 6    Long Beach have issued a home-rule, which 

 7    indicates that they support the project.

 8                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:    

 9    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

10    continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

17    through you, Madam President, I'd like to know if 

18    the sponsor had any information, communications 

19    with the constituents of Long Beach regarding the 

20    alienation that has been proposed.

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

22    again through you.  Leaning on my last response 

23    is that there are elected officials who actually 

24    represent Long Beach.  They have issued a 

25    home-rule, which means that they have approved of 


                                                               6663

 1    this project and this legislation.  

 2                 And so we really have leaned on the 

 3    fact that the people who represent the 

 4    constituents are saying that they want this 

 5    project and have approved of this project.

 6                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   On 

 7    the bill, Madam President.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 9    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the bill.

10                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

11    Thank you, Senator Parker, for yielding for the 

12    questions.

13                 This is an extremely important, 

14    massive project that's going to have an 

15    unbelievable impact on my district.  And as I 

16    stated before, I'm very troubled that my 

17    alienation bill is still pending, yet was copied 

18    and pasted into the bill that we're about to vote 

19    on.  I think it is unprecedented that this has 

20    happened, according to what I've been told.

21                 I have spoken to public officials 

22    from the City of Long Beach, and they were 

23    unaware that my bill was hijacked.  And not to 

24    say that there weren't other public officials 

25    that communicated with the other side of the 


                                                               6664

 1    aisle regarding this.  But again, this is very 

 2    troubling.  

 3                 I do have my doubts that the 

 4    community truly wants to move forward with this, 

 5    because there are many, many concerns that they 

 6    have raised that have been unanswered.  And it 

 7    goes beyond Long Beach.  It's going to affect 

 8    Island Park and Oceanside, as I spoke about 

 9    before.

10                 I do appreciate the fact that we're 

11    trying to have clean energy and that we have a 

12    goal of offshore wind.  But I do want someone to 

13    consider that we cannot destroy the coast of 

14    Long Island in order to meet the goals of the 

15    CLCPA of 9,000 megawatts.  As I stated, we're 

16    looking at roughly half of that goal in three 

17    projects that are off Long Island.  And those 

18    coastlines are going to be impacted drastically 

19    by the visibility of these wind turbines, the 

20    transmission lines that are coming through 

21    Long Beach, through our Reynolds Channel.  

22                 I have people that are asking me, 

23    Would you want the transmission lines to go under 

24    your home?  Because there's the fear of health 

25    issues that result from the transmission lines.  


                                                               6665

 1                 And as I said before, you know, 

 2    we've had at least 14 dead whales show up on the 

 3    coast of Long Island and New Jersey.  And I don't 

 4    know if it's related to this turbine mapping 

 5    that's going on.  And I don't know for sure that 

 6    there is a health risk to anybody that comes 

 7    close or lives close to those transmission lines.  

 8                 But I can say with pretty good 

 9    certainty that the property values are going to 

10    be affected when people know that there's now a 

11    transmission line under their home.  And I can 

12    say with great certainty that Long Beach is going 

13    to be disrupted for quite a long time while this 

14    project goes on, and their beaches dug up, and 

15    Reynolds Channel is dug up, and that there's a 

16    seven-story transfer station that's now going to 

17    have a perpetual hum that the residents of 

18    Island Park need to listen to.  And never mind 

19    the fact that there is now a seven-story building 

20    in a community that doesn't have anything higher 

21    than three stories.  

22                 So what I am so troubled by is that 

23    Equinor has hosted what they claim to be 

24    community forums where people are able to, you 

25    know, express their concerns.  They've been 


                                                               6666

 1    staged.  They have not really listened to the 

 2    concerns of the residents.  

 3                 And as I said, all of these 

 4    concerns, maybe they're not really concerns at 

 5    all.  But I think the residents have a right to 

 6    know what the answers are to their questions 

 7    before this project pushes forward.  For those 

 8    reasons, I held my alienation bill.  

 9                 Unfortunately, it is -- I've been 

10    overruled, and that means that the constituents 

11    of the 9th Senate District are being ignored as 

12    well.  And that, to me, is troubling.  Because no 

13    matter whether you are a Republican or a Democrat 

14    representing a district, we want our constituents 

15    to be heard at all times.  And I am very troubled 

16    by what has gone on here.  

17                 For those reasons, Madam President, 

18    I will be voting no.  Thank you.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

20    Borrello.

21                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  I'm sorry, I'm causing trouble 

23    again, so -- on the bill.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Borrello on the bill.


                                                               6667

 1                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You know, 

 2    Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick and I share an 

 3    issue here, and that's an issue that we're going 

 4    to have these offshore wind projects potentially 

 5    disrupting not just our -- the land in the area, 

 6    but literally our quality of life.

 7                 You know, I look at this bill and it 

 8    says, you know, that NYSERDA is going to conduct 

 9    a study to see, you know, impacts on the marine 

10    ecosystem, impacts on local municipalities, 

11    streamline the process -- all those things that 

12    sound good, but here's the deal.  Here's the 

13    dirty little secret.  NYSERDA spent a year, over 

14    a year doing a study on placing wind turbines 

15    in -- industrial wind turbines in the waters of 

16    Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.  

17                 And we were told by my -- I was told 

18    by my colleagues in the EnCon Committee that we 

19    have to wait for the study, it's very important.  

20    Because I had a bill that would stop that, that 

21    would be a moratorium on placing those wind 

22    turbines in freshwater.  Which is, in the case of 

23    Lake Erie, the drinking water for over 11 million 

24    people.  So we understand that, but we have -- we 

25    trust the process, we'll let NYSERDA do their 


                                                               6668

 1    study.  

 2                 Well, then the study came out.  And 

 3    lo and behold, the study said don't do it.  The 

 4    risks are too high, the costs are unknown.  The 

 5    impacts are unknown.  There we go, there's the 

 6    study.  

 7                 So I brought my bill back to the 

 8    EnCon Committee.  And what was the response?  

 9    Whoa, whoa, we don't know about this NYSERDA 

10    study and the Department of Energy may disagree 

11    with it, the federal Department of Energy.  

12    Which -- what do they know about Lake Erie?  

13    Nothing.  

14                 So that same thing is likely going 

15    to happen with this NYSERDA study on Long Island.  

16    If they don't get the results they want, they're 

17    just going to change the rules.  

18                 So here's the problem.  The only 

19    thing green about green energy is money.  There's 

20    a lot of money being made out there.  First and 

21    foremost, let's talk about offshore wind in 

22    general.  Offshore wind, the cost -- just the 

23    cost alone of building the infrastructure, 

24    building those wind turbines out in the water, is 

25    many, many, many multiples more than wind 


                                                               6669

 1    turbines on land.  The cost of generating that 

 2    electricity is at least double that of wind 

 3    turbines on land.  

 4                 So why are we doing this?  Are we 

 5    out of land?  No.  I don't like them on land 

 6    either, let me tell you, because this is just a 

 7    big boondoggle, waste of money.  But we're doing 

 8    this so we can pretend that we are the climate 

 9    champions, that we're going to save the world.  

10    Because you know what?  When you define something 

11    as an existential threat to humanity, you can 

12    justify doing a lot of really bad things in the 

13    process.  

14                 And that's what's going on here.  

15    We're destroying ecosystems, slaughtering 

16    animals, tearing up land, destroying our quality 

17    of life, contaminating drinking water.  It goes 

18    on and on and on.  

19                 But we're saving the planet here, 

20    folks.  That's what this is all about.  We're 

21    going to justify it.  We're going to say, you 

22    know what, it's okay to destroy the environment, 

23    because we're going to save the planet.  It's a 

24    load of you know what.  

25                 And in the end, what are we going to 


                                                               6670

 1    get?  Well, I'll tell you what we're going to 

 2    get.  We're going to get a lot of very expensive 

 3    projects, billions of dollars.  And what's going 

 4    to happen to climate change?  What kind of impact 

 5    are we going to have?  Zero.  Nothing.  New York 

 6    State accounts for 0.4 percent of all the 

 7    greenhouse gas emissions in the world.  So if we 

 8    do all this, wreck our economy, wreck our quality 

 9    of life, destroy our property values, kill 

10    whales, fish -- what are we going go get?  

11    Nothing.  It's a big ruse.

12                 But a lot of people are going to 

13    make a lot of money.  All those foreign 

14    companies, all those Chinese-made solar panels 

15    and wind turbines, the slave labor that's used to 

16    mine rare-earth metals in places like the 

17    Congo -- child labor, the Uyghurs that are 

18    enslaved in China right now.  We talked a lot 

19    about slavery yesterday.  There are slaves in 

20    China right now mining products so you people can 

21    drive electric cars and say "I'm saving the 

22    planet."  That's what's going on.  

23                 Well, you know what, we can justify 

24    slavery, modern-day slavery -- not 200 years ago, 

25    not 300 years ago, today's slavery, because we're 


                                                               6671

 1    saving the planet.  That's what's going on here.  

 2                 So this, this is just another ruse.  

 3    This is just another payoff to donors who are 

 4    going to be making a lot of money off of this 

 5    project.  That's what this is about.  That's what 

 6    this is about.  That's all it's about.  And in 

 7    the end, there's going to be a lot of people that 

 8    are going to be very unhappy.  At the very least, 

 9    their quality of life is going to be destroyed.

10                 So I'm voting no on this and 

11    anything else that has to do with this ridiculous 

12    boondoggle CLCPA stuff.

13                 I'm voting no.  Thank you.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Wal -- Senator Martins.  

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Why, thank you, 

17    Madam President.  I was wondering if the sponsor 

18    would yield for a few questions.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

20    sponsor yield.  

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

22    I'll yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 


                                                               6672

 1    Senator Parker.  I was wondering if you would 

 2    tell us if your district is -- has any waterfront 

 3    in your district in Brooklyn.

 4                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 5    it does.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  Through you, if the sponsor 

 8    would continue to yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, I was 

15    hoping you could tell us that -- you've been here 

16    for many years.  We've shared this chamber for 

17    many years ourselves.  I was wondering if you 

18    could tell us whether or not during all the years 

19    that you've been here, whether or not there has 

20    been a parkland alienation bill proposed by 

21    another Senator in this chamber which affects 

22    your waterfront without your consent.

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, I 

24    only got waterfront in the last six months, and 

25    so that would not have been a -- a possibility.  


                                                               6673

 1                 In this particular case, this 

 2    particular project is of substantial interest and 

 3    benefit to the people of the entire state, and so 

 4    it's necessary.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 6    through you, if the sponsor will continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR PARKER:   The sponsor 

11    yields.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

15    Senator Parker.  

16                 I'll then ask, since waterfront is a 

17    recent addition to your district, if anyone -- 

18    any other Senator has ever gone into your 

19    district to introduce a parkland alienation bill 

20    without your consent, without even consulting you 

21    in submitting a parkland alienation bill, if that 

22    has ever happened to you.

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

24    I'm not sure.  I need to check LRS.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 


                                                               6674

 1    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator Parker, 

 9    I'm wondering if you could tell me whether or not 

10    you're familiar with any other offshore wind 

11    projects that are landing on Long Island, either 

12    off the South Shore of Long Island or off the 

13    East End of Long Island.

14                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

15    through you, I am familiar.  There's at least -- 

16    there's a number of them.  There's at least three 

17    of them that are being worked on now, and a few 

18    others that are in planning.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

20    Madam President, through you, if the sponsor 

21    would continue to yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               6675

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I do agree that 

 3    there are several of them, probably two, three or 

 4    so, and others in the works.

 5                 I was wondering, perhaps, Senator, 

 6    if you have submitted parkland alienation bills 

 7    for those projects in their respective 

 8    communities where those cables would be landing 

 9    onshore, similar to what you're proposing here 

10    today.

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

12    not yet.  But the night is young.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

14    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Would it surprise 

22    the sponsor if on -- in those instances the local 

23    community and the developer, the offshore wind 

24    developer, were actually able to come to terms 

25    and to reach agreement on proper local community 


                                                               6676

 1    hosting benefit agreements as well as the local 

 2    Senator being able to submit parkland alienation 

 3    bills which would allow not only for the state to 

 4    allow it, but the local communities, whether it's 

 5    the towns -- actually, two towns Out East, on 

 6    Eastern Long Island -- to reach those agreements 

 7    on their own in a process that has historically 

 8    been collaborative, one that involves not only 

 9    local governments, the developer, but the state 

10    representative representing that area.

11                 I was wondering if you could tell me 

12    if you're familiar with that.

13                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

14    this legislation that's before us now is not 

15    forcing anything on any community.  It simply is 

16    permissive to allow the agency to be involved in 

17    it.  And in fact, the local elected officials 

18    have in fact put forward a home-rule message 

19    which indicates that they agree with the project.

20                 And so this is not something that is 

21    being put on a community.  In fact, the leaders 

22    of that community have agreed to it.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

24    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

25    yield.


                                                               6677

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So are those 

 7    other projects that were approved off the 

 8    East End of Long Island and off the South Shore 

 9    of Long Island, were they equally as important as 

10    priorities to the state in reaching its CLCPA 

11    goals?

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

13    this legislation is about a specific project.  

14    Right?  And a specific interconnection around a 

15    specific project.

16                 Now, what's happening with other 

17    projects, you know, we have to kind of wait and 

18    see kind of where we're going to be with those 

19    things.  But let's understand this.  That there 

20    is an existential threat to our planet.  And 

21    New York State has done what it's done, as the 

22    Empire State it has led the way on creating a 

23    first-in-the-nation, very bold program in order 

24    to address that.  

25                 And so there's going to be things 


                                                               6678

 1    that we need to do, and all those things are not 

 2    going to be comfortable.  But they are in fact 

 3    quite necessary and proven by science.  And so 

 4    here we are in this moment on a micro level, 

 5    after we've already approved some offshore wind 

 6    projects, now looking to make sure that that 

 7    electricity that we're producing offshore can in 

 8    fact get onshore to in fact light and heat the 

 9    homes and roadways and the businesses of the 

10    Senator's constituents, his neighbors, and his 

11    friends.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

13                 Madam President, if the sponsor 

14    would continue to yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I was wondering 

21    perhaps if the sponsor has been to Long Beach to 

22    visit the location where this cable would 

23    actually be making landfall.

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

25    Madam President, I have.  Actually, Long Beach is 


                                                               6679

 1    one of my favorite beaches.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 3                 Madam President, through you -- and 

 4    I don't disagree, it's a great beach -- if the 

 5    sponsor would continue to yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And it's got a 

12    great boardwalk.  

13                 But I was wondering if you could 

14    tell us if you're familiar with any other 

15    potential landing sites for this offshore wind 

16    cable.  Or whether -- excuse me.  Or whether or 

17    not there were other discussions involving other 

18    sites outside of the one that you proposed in 

19    this bill.

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

21    through you, that was a negotiation that frankly 

22    the community, before they issued a home-rule on 

23    this particular site, should have been 

24    negotiating.  

25                 And so we're right now, in the 


                                                               6680

 1    context of this legislation, addressing what was 

 2    put before us.  And not the, you know, options 

 3    that may in fact have been going on in that 

 4    context.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

 6                 Madam President, through you, if the 

 7    sponsor would continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So as part of any 

14    parkland alienation bill here, here and in the 

15    other house, there has historically been a 

16    requirement that for every property that is -- 

17    every piece of parkland property that is being 

18    alienated, that there be a -- at least another 

19    piece of parkland that is dedicated of a similar 

20    or larger size to the one that is being 

21    alienated.  

22                 Are you familiar with that policy, 

23    Senator?

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

25    through you.  I'm familiar with that practice.  


                                                               6681

 1    I'm not sure it's policy.  

 2                 But there is language in the bill 

 3    that in fact allows that.

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 5    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Well, I 

13    think policy, practice -- it may be practice 

14    here, it may be policy in the other house.  I 

15    guess we can discuss that.

16                 But I was reading that particular 

17    section of your bill, and I see that your bill 

18    doesn't speak to a trade in lots and in property 

19    but in fair market value, that there would be a 

20    contribution somehow, a payment of value, as 

21    opposed to the dedication of parkland.  Something 

22    that, you know, we've all striven, certainly, 

23    whether it's a policy or a practice, to make sure 

24    that for every square inch of parkland that is 

25    taken out, that there is at least a square inch 


                                                               6682

 1    or more of parkland that is dedicated for the 

 2    benefit of the residents of the great State of 

 3    New York.  That's been our practice or our 

 4    policy.

 5                 And yet in this bill, 

 6    Madam President, I see that we're talking about 

 7    money, fair market value.  Perhaps the sponsor 

 8    can speak to that?  

 9                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

10    through you.  I'm going to make two quick points.  

11                 The first is that this is something 

12    that's done in public policy often, generally, 

13    and is referred to as being Pareto-optimal.  

14    Right?  Pareto was an Italian economist who said 

15    that in fact if you can substitute -- if you 

16    disenfranchise somebody or, you know, make people 

17    uncomfortable because of something, if you can 

18    give them money, that it becomes still a good 

19    option to do from a policy perspective because 

20    you can essentially trade money for their 

21    discomfort.  Right?  

22                 And so from a broad policy 

23    perspective, this is something that is generally 

24    done.  In the context of these kinds of specific 

25    deals, it is also done very, very often.  Most of 


                                                               6683

 1    the time they appear as, you know, upgrades or 

 2    development or, you know, projects in which 

 3    you're saying, Okay, we're going to put it back 

 4    and then on top of that we're going to give you, 

 5    you know, a boathouse or bathrooms or we're going 

 6    to do something from a capital perspective to 

 7    upgrade the land that's been alienated.  Right?  

 8                 And so that's a common practice, 

 9    both here in the State of New York and within the 

10    context of these kind of projects.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

12    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

20                 So there are four different 

21    municipalities, from my understanding, that were 

22    involved in negotiations with regard to a 

23    possible landing site:  The City of Long Beach, 

24    the Town of Hempstead, the Village of Island Park 

25    and the Village of Atlantic Beach, all of which 


                                                               6684

 1    were having discussions with the developer.  

 2                 Did anyone ever bring that to your 

 3    attention with regard to your efforts here today 

 4    to include this parkland alienation bill in your 

 5    bill?

 6                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 7    through you, I did not have specific 

 8    conversations with those folks about this 

 9    specific legislation.  We did lean on the fact, 

10    as we often do here in the State Legislature, on 

11    the fact that we had a home-rule message that 

12    indicated that the community approved of the 

13    project and we were willing to go forward.  

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I thank you for 

15    that.  I do.

16                 Madam President, if the sponsor 

17    would continue to yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So there were no 

24    discussions with the local community.  You became 

25    aware that there was a home-rule message.  May I 


                                                               6685

 1    ask how you became aware that there was a 

 2    home-rule message pending in this house with 

 3    regard to a bill that had been submitted by 

 4    somebody else that wasn't before your committee?

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 6    through you, because they gave it to us.  That's 

 7    how we became aware of it.  They sent us the 

 8    home-rule.

 9                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And 

10    Madam President, through you.  When you say 

11    "they," Senator, who --

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, I continue to 

15    yield.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Pardon?

17                 SENATOR PARKER:   I'm just telling 

18    the President I continue to yield.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Oh, thank you.  

20    Thank you.  

21                 Who is "they"?  Who sent you the 

22    home-rule message?

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   From the City of 

24    Long Beach, Madam President.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 


                                                               6686

 1    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So do you recall, 

 9    Senator, who reached out to you from the City of 

10    Long Beach with a copy of the home-rule message?  

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

12    there was no -- I didn't look at -- I looked at 

13    the home-rule.  I didn't look at the email 

14    address and all the other -- the things attached 

15    to it.  

16                 You know, again, getting a home-rule 

17    message on legislation that affects local 

18    communities is a standard operating procedure 

19    here in the State Legislature.  It's not 

20    something odd.  It's not something unusual.  And 

21    so when you receive one, there's not -- you know, 

22    it's not overly critiqued.  You get the home-rule 

23    message, you confirm that he got it from who he's 

24    supposed to get it to, you look at it, you have 

25    to say you have it, and then you move forward 


                                                               6687

 1    based on the fact that you have it.  

 2                 Again, what we -- the -- the 

 3    practice of what we always do with home-rule 

 4    messages.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 6                 Madam President, if the sponsor 

 7    would continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR PARKER:   The sponsor 

11    yields.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So in fact in 

15    this house we have historically had a counsel 

16    that reviews home-rule messages to verify whether 

17    or not they are in order, to verify that they 

18    actually comply with the requirements of the 

19    house.  There's a corresponding verification 

20    similarly in the other house.

21                 Did you check with the counsel to 

22    determine whether or not that home-rule message 

23    that you received had actually been received by 

24    them and had -- and whether or not it met all of 

25    their criteria and requirements of the house that 


                                                               6688

 1    we would normally require for a home-rule 

 2    message?  

 3                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 4    through you.  I need some clarification.  When 

 5    you say -- when the Senator says check with 

 6    "them," who was I supposed to be checking -- who 

 7    are we supposed to be checking with in order to 

 8    determine what?

 9                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I will clarify --

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   

11    Senator --

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   -- Madam 

13    President.  We've always had -- and I'm assuming 

14    we still do, I haven't done a parkland alienation 

15    bill yet this session -- a counsel who is 

16    responsible for reviewing those home-rule 

17    messages to determine whether or not they are in 

18    fact compliant and, if they are, we're able to 

19    move forward with our legislation.  

20                 I'm curious, since you received it 

21    from the city directly, whether or not you 

22    checked with Senate counsel to determine whether 

23    or not it actually met the requirements of the 

24    Senate to see whether or not it was compliant in 

25    order to be used in your bill.


                                                               6689

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 2    the home-rule message has been part of the record 

 3    of this project for a number of months, going 

 4    back, you know, I think probably to March.  It is 

 5    in the system.  Anyone in the Senate could 

 6    actually access it.  If any Senator here would 

 7    look to see a copy of it, we will make sure that 

 8    they see it.  But they all have staff that know 

 9    how to look at the system.  

10                 And it's part of the public record 

11    that a home-rule message on this particular 

12    project has been received by the New York State 

13    Senate.  

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

15                 Madam President, through you, if the 

16    sponsor would continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And I appreciate 

23    that, Senator Parker.  

24                 Did you then in fact, upon receiving 

25    it from the City of Long Beach, go to check to 


                                                               6690

 1    see whether or not it was actually filed with the 

 2    Senate?  Because you didn't get it from the 

 3    Senate, right?  You said you got it directly from 

 4    Long Beach?  

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 6    through you.  We, the Majority in the Senate, the 

 7    counsel's office received it.  So when I talk 

 8    about we received it, I didn't personally receive 

 9    it.  It didn't come to my email address.  It came 

10    to the Senate.  And the counsel's office received 

11    it as they receive many other home-rule messages 

12    and properly placed it on the system and filed it 

13    in the way that we typically file home-rule 

14    messages for our records.

15                 And so once I got indication that we 

16    had received a home-rule message on it, I 

17    understand that we have people who do that, and I 

18    let them do their job so they let me do my job.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  Through you, if the sponsor 

21    would continue to yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               6691

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I thank you for 

 3    that, again.  

 4                 But I had asked you earlier how you 

 5    got it, and I was asking how you, you in your 

 6    individual capacity, you, your office got it.  

 7    Not how the Senate Majority got it, not how it 

 8    was filed with this body, but how you got it.  

 9    How did this home-rule message make its way to 

10    you to, to your office, in order for you to take 

11    it and to incorporate it, to know that there was 

12    a home-rule message and know that you wanted to 

13    intervene and include a -- your existing bill to 

14    include this piece in your bill?  How did it come 

15    to you?

16                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

17    through you.  So this is a teaching moment for 

18    the people of New York State who may be watching 

19    this and care about how things actually work in 

20    the New York State Senate.

21                 There is a thin line between my 

22    staff and the staff who make up the Senate 

23    Democratic Counsel's office.  They work together.  

24    Half the time, I don't know -- when I look, turn 

25    back, I don't know whether they're my staff, the 


                                                               6692

 1    Senate staff.  But I know they work here and 

 2    they're smart people.  

 3                 In this particular case, we were 

 4    informed by counsel's office that there was a 

 5    home-rule message.  And that's how we received 

 6    it.  There was no need for my staff specifically 

 7    to receive it, because this is a public process.  

 8    It is available publicly.  It is available to 

 9    every member of the Senate.  And it is the way 

10    that we typically do things.  This is not a, 

11    like, odd thing or unusual circumstance.  This 

12    is -- this is a day in the life of the Senate, is 

13    to receive home-rule messages on legislation that 

14    affect local communities.  

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

16    through you, if the Senator would continue to 

17    yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I appreciate the 

24    teaching moment we just had.  And I want to ask 

25    you, then, if this is common.  Because it is 


                                                               6693

 1    important to how we get to the point of this 

 2    particular bill.

 3                 Madam President, on the bill.

 4                 Thank you, Senator Parker.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 6    Martins on the bill.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So we have an 

 8    offshore wind developer who's having trouble with 

 9    a local community in reaching agreement with 

10    regard to where they're going to land their 

11    offshore cable.  It's not unique.  

12                 These projects I referenced 

13    Out East, off the East End of Long Island, took a 

14    long time.  Some of them involved litigation.  

15    There were fights over whether or not the landing 

16    cable would be in one area of Easthampton or in 

17    another area, whether it would come onshore at a 

18    county park or a state park.  There were 

19    discussions about the impacts to the local 

20    community and discussions about how those 

21    off/onshore cables, when they landed, how they 

22    would then interface with the transmission system 

23    if there's a substation in the area, and the 

24    logistics involved in doing that.  

25                 Those are decisions that are left to 


                                                               6694

 1    local communities, and rightfully so, because you 

 2    want to make sure that your local villages and 

 3    towns and cities have the ability to have those 

 4    conversations and that they work with their 

 5    locally elected State Senator and Assemblymember 

 6    to ensure that they're working collaboratively 

 7    and that one piece doesn't move ahead before all 

 8    of the pieces are in place.  

 9                 And sometimes it takes time.  

10    Because, you know, as Winston Churchill once 

11    said, Madam President, democracy is the worst 

12    form of government -- except for everything else.

13                 So it is democracy.  And we do 

14    expect that it's going to sometimes be difficult.  

15    And I don't know what the process is when you're 

16    dealing with community boards in New York City, 

17    and I don't know whether or not those are more or 

18    less difficult than dealing with some of the 

19    local communities that we have with our villages 

20    and towns.  But I would not, under any 

21    circumstances, ever go into another Senator's 

22    district and pretend to go and take over a 

23    parkland alienation bill that belongs in someone 

24    else's district, because that's not what we do 

25    here in the Senate, whether you're in the 


                                                               6695

 1    Majority or whether you're in the Minority.

 2                 I can tell you this.  I had the 

 3    honor or serving in this body as a member of the 

 4    Majority and as a member of the Minority.  And I 

 5    can tell you that we would never, ever do that to 

 6    a colleague and do that to their local 

 7    communities.  Under any circumstances.

 8                 So it troubles me, as a person who 

 9    loves this institution and believes in protecting 

10    the integrity of the institution.  As it falls to 

11    each one of us as members, it's up to us to 

12    protect it.  So when something happens that just 

13    doesn't seem right, we have to ask ourselves why 

14    that is.  

15                 This one doesn't seem right.  Not 

16    only do we not have the proper, in my view, 

17    alienation of parkland requirements that has 

18    another parcel of land, another piece of land 

19    that is going to be dedicated to parkland to 

20    substitute for this, but we have a colleague 

21    going into another colleague's district and 

22    interfering with negotiations that were taking 

23    place with the developer.

24                 Now, I know Senator Parker to be a 

25    colleague, a person of integrity.  And I'm not 


                                                               6696

 1    casting any aspersions at all, nor would I.  But 

 2    I'm concerned.  I'm concerned because the only 

 3    group I think that benefits from this is the 

 4    developer.  I am.  Because they want a fast 

 5    answer, they want to fast-track this.  They don't 

 6    want to have to deal with the local communities.  

 7    They do not want to have to negotiate with 

 8    multiple bodies to figure out where they're going 

 9    to land that cable.  And yet here we are.

10                 So I can only ask that the sponsor 

11    reconsider this bill, under the circumstances, to 

12    allow the process to play itself out.  It's 

13    entirely up to the sponsor.  It's not up to me.  

14    It's not my bill.  I don't have the authority to 

15    strike the enacting clause and to allow this 

16    process to move forward.

17                 But I can tell you that there were 

18    questions here that would impact each and every 

19    one of us if this were in our district.  And I 

20    can tell you that if this were in my district, I 

21    certainly would be more upset than I am right 

22    now, and I'm pretty upset right now.  Or at least 

23    disappointed in how this is playing out.  

24                 So we all want renewable energy.  We 

25    all understand that that's going to be part of 


                                                               6697

 1    our future.  We understand we're decarbonizing 

 2    here in the state and we're moving to a 

 3    carbon-neutral future and we're making great 

 4    strides and great investments in this state 

 5    towards that end.  

 6                 But it should not come, ever, at the 

 7    expense of the integrity of this institution and 

 8    the respect we need to show for each other as 

 9    members of this body.  

10                 Madam President, I vote nay.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are 

12    there any other Senators wishing to be heard?

13                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

14    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

15                 Read the last section.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 10.  This 

17    act shall take effect immediately.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

19    roll.

20                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

22    Parker to explain his vote.

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   Thank you very 

24    much, Madam President.

25                 So I really just wanted to get the 


                                                               6698

 1    record straight about a couple of things, one of 

 2    which is that this project is necessary.  It is 

 3    one thing to talk about big, you know, kind of 

 4    goals that we have to set in the context of 

 5    dealing with our climate crisis.  But that then 

 6    gets down to the nitty-gritty of looking at 

 7    projects.  

 8                 And some of the things that we're 

 9    going to have to do is going to have to disrupt 

10    the way that we've been doing things.  Doing 

11    things as we've been doing them is what got us 

12    into this trouble in the first place.  And so the 

13    definition of insanity is to do the same thing 

14    over and over again and expect a different 

15    result.

16                 We're not going to create a clean 

17    energy future by continuing to use fossil fuels.  

18    And so you have to create clean energy projects.  

19    Clean energy projects are going to require us to 

20    in fact do things differently.  And it's 

21    something that's going to be disruptive to the 

22    way that we're moving day to day.

23                 This notion that the climate crisis 

24    that our planet is facing is some kind of made up 

25    crisis, and the fact that we have climate crisis 


                                                               6699

 1    deniers in this chamber is exactly why it's 

 2    important for us to be really, really forward 

 3    about what needs to happen here.

 4                 And the fact that -- honestly, I'm 

 5    going to tell you why I stood up.  Let me keep 

 6    it -- lemme keep it funky witchu, Senator.  

 7                 Somebody's going to tell me that 

 8    they're concerned about slavery in China when 

 9    yesterday they couldn't even acknowledge the 

10    enslavement of African people in this very 

11    country, and vote against a bill that required 

12    reparations.  And now --

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    Parker -- Senator Parker --

15                 SENATOR PARKER:   And now you're 

16    upset about slavery in China?  Really?

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

18    Parker, if you can just bring it down a little,  

19    please.  

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Okay.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

22    you.

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   But I'm just 

24    saying like you're concerned about China, China, 

25    not America.  You're concerned about China and 


                                                               6700

 1    possible slavery in China and a documented 

 2    history of enslavement here that you don't even 

 3    want to provide restitution to?  And so you're 

 4    going to deny enslavement of African people and 

 5    you're going to deny a climate crisis, here in 

 6    2023 in this chamber.  And wonder why your party 

 7    languishes in the Minority.  

 8                 It's outrageous.  And it's 

 9    insincere.  And it's ridiculous.  You may not 

10    like the process, but this is what must be done.  

11                 I'll leave you with a little piece.  

12    There's a professor at the Kennedy School of 

13    Government at Harvard University called Martin 

14    Linsky.  He wrote a book called Leadership on the 

15    Line.  And Martin Linsky argues that leadership 

16    is not a noun but a verb.  That no one is 

17    actually a leader; you just have leadership 

18    moments.  And those moments are when you're doing 

19    something that's unpopular.  When everybody's 

20    doing something that everybody agrees with, 

21    that's not leadership.  All you're doing is being 

22    a representative.  

23                 Leadership is about when there's a 

24    real problem and people are upset about how 

25    you're going to solve it, and you decide to go 


                                                               6701

 1    forward.  And that's what the Democratic 

 2    Conference of the State Senate continues to do 

 3    every single day, is look at the things that are 

 4    going on in our communities and confront them 

 5    head on.  

 6                 And sometimes people are upset about 

 7    that, and I get it.  But we can't allow NIMBYism 

 8    to stop our climate goals.  We can't allow people 

 9    not being able to go to the beach in a certain 

10    section for a few months to stop the build-out of 

11    a clean energy economy.  We certainly can't allow 

12    climate deniers to control the narrative and the 

13    policy of what must happen at such a critical 

14    time as the one that we're in.  

15                 And so I stand in defense of not 

16    just this legislation and how it's necessary to 

17    reach the climate goals of our great state, but I 

18    stand really to make sure that truth is being 

19    told in this place and that people understand 

20    that just saying something and acting like it's 

21    true -- and you know it's not true -- is not 

22    honorable in this place.  It's just simply not.  

23                 And I know that people do that all 

24    over the country, and we had a former president 

25    who did that -- and now he's getting his just 


                                                               6702

 1    deserts because he did that.  But that's not a 

 2    thing here in this body.  And as people 

 3    indicated, I've been here a long time, and 

 4    just -- and not that I've been in a place where 

 5    I've felt like people are just saying whatever 

 6    they want to say in -- in defiance of the truth.  

 7                 I vote aye.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 9    Parker to be recorded in the affirmative.

10                 Senator Borrello to explain his 

11    vote.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 I heard during the debate that this 

15    is going to be disruptive and uncomfortable.  You 

16    know who it's not going to be uncomfortable for?  

17    The people in New York City that are pushing all 

18    of this.  So I have an idea.  You know, I've been 

19    in New York City, there's lots of tall buildings.  

20    I've been to the top of a lot of them -- 

21    Rockefeller Center, the Empire State Building.  

22    It's really windy up there, all the time.  

23                 We should start putting wind 

24    turbines at the top of every single building in 

25    Manhattan and everywhere else.  Because if we're 


                                                               6703

 1    going to have to sacrifice, if we're going to be 

 2    sacrificing because this is such an existential 

 3    threat to humanity, I want those folks that spent 

 4    five, ten million dollars on a co-op in Manhattan 

 5    to maybe have to have a wind turbine across -- on 

 6    the building across from them, and watch the 

 7    shadow flicker as the sun sets.  

 8                 Then we'll see how much of an 

 9    existential threat to humanity that is when it 

10    starts impacting their property values, their 

11    quality of life.  It's really great to be sitting 

12    in the concrete canyons of New York City talking 

13    about how this is such an important thing, a 

14    threat.  New York City, 30 percent of your energy 

15    comes from renewable energy, 70 percent from 

16    dirty, old-fashioned coal and oil and everything 

17    else.  Upstate, 90 percent renewable energy.  

18                 We aren't the problem.  You folks 

19    are.  So about how you step up and be a little 

20    uncomfortable for yourselves.  Start putting all 

21    that stuff on your buildings, disrupting your 

22    lives.  Then we'll see how committed you are to 

23    the climate crisis.

24                 I vote no.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 


                                                               6704

 1    Borrello to be recorded in the negative.

 2                 Senator Lanza to explain his vote.

 3                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, 

 4    I'd like to take this -- to explain my vote, take 

 5    this in a different direction.  Right?  

 6                 I appreciate the passion.  I get it.  

 7    If you don't get mad at things, then you probably 

 8    are not -- you probably don't care about them 

 9    either.  

10                 You know, the opposition here is 

11    pretty simple, it really is.  And it's not about 

12    NIMBYism.  I served with my good friend 

13    Senator Parker in the City Council, and local 

14    land use issues sometimes are the most important 

15    things that happen in our districts.  

16                 The issue here is not really -- it's 

17    not about the energy, the wind turbines, the 

18    clean energy, the climate, the climate deniers, 

19    the climate theorists.  It's simple.  We have a 

20    member here who cares about her community.  She 

21    lives there, just like every one of us lives in 

22    our districts.  There's a company, whether it's a 

23    clean energy company, a turbine company, a 

24    lollipop company.  They're coming into her 

25    district and they want to rip up the roads, they 


                                                               6705

 1    want to rip up the streets, they want to rip up 

 2    the beaches and they want to go through people's 

 3    homes.  

 4                 And all this member is saying is 

 5    that the people that are there should have a say 

 6    is how that happens.  I hear all the time, you 

 7    know, big business gets to run roughshod over 

 8    people.  We hear that all the time, that it's 

 9    this side of the aisle that allows that to 

10    happen.  And this is what we do; we say, well, 

11    you make that happen so I'm going to make that 

12    happen.

13                 That's what's happening here.  This 

14    is a big company that's saying, We're going to 

15    come where we want to come, we're going to rip up 

16    the streets we want to rip up, we want to rip up 

17    the beaches that we want to rip up, we're going 

18    to do it on our timeline, we're going to disrupt 

19    your community for as long as we want, and we 

20    don't even want to hear what you have to say 

21    about it.

22                 And I know Senator Parker, I've 

23    known him a long time.  He doesn't like that 

24    either, and he fights against that.  

25                 And I understand there's this bigger 


                                                               6706

 1    picture.  But right now the opposition is really 

 2    closer to the ground, and that's what this 

 3    opposition today on this side of the aisle is 

 4    about.  

 5                 Madam President, I vote in the 

 6    negative.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Lanza to be recorded in the negative.

 9                 Senator Martins to explain his vote.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  I'll be brief.  

12                 You know, the CLCPA, C, L, C, P, A, 

13    it sounds -- it sounds impressive.  It actually 

14    stand for Climate Leadership and Community 

15    Protection Act.  Climate Leadership, Community 

16    Protection Act.  We heard about climate 

17    leadership, but no one wanted to talk about 

18    community protection and the need for us to 

19    protect our local communities when it comes to 

20    making these decisions.  

21                 And this is every bit as much about 

22    protecting those communities in Long Beach as it 

23    is anything else.  And the ability of the Senator 

24    that represents the great City of Long Beach to 

25    do just that.  


                                                               6707

 1                 So before we throw stones, before we 

 2    make claims that the ends justify the means -- 

 3    which I don't believe is the case.  It certainly 

 4    shouldn't be -- Madam President, let's 

 5    understand, we're not climate deniers.  It has 

 6    nothing to do with that.  It has to do with 

 7    process.  

 8                 And for that reason, again, I'll be 

 9    voting nay.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

11    Martins to be recorded in the negative.

12                 Senator Gianaris to explain his 

13    vote.

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.  

16                 I was listening with interest to a 

17    very passionate debate and just wanted to add my 

18    two cents here.  

19                 Just to be clear, there is no 

20    requirement that someone whose district is 

21    affected by a particular project has the ultimate 

22    say in this body as to what happens to it.  And 

23    it has happened many, many times, despite the 

24    protestations from my colleagues.  Because there 

25    are a lot of things that have bigger 


                                                               6708

 1    complications than just a particular local 

 2    effect.

 3                 Now, I heard the comments from one 

 4    of my colleagues, and I started chuckling in my 

 5    seat.  It was said that this is a big company, 

 6    they want to come into the district, rip up what 

 7    they want to rip up, disrupt what they want to 

 8    disrupt, don't want to hear about what you have 

 9    to say about it.  

10                 I feel like I made that statement, 

11    back in 2018, 2019 when a big bad company known 

12    as Amazon tried to come into my community.  And 

13    the people on that side of the aisle berated me 

14    for it -- to this day, five years later.  

15                 I didn't have the time, 

16    unfortunately, while I was preparing to explain 

17    my vote to look up some of the things said by the 

18    very people sitting on that side of the aisle 

19    about why what I was doing was really bad because 

20    it wasn't considering the bigger picture.  It was 

21    said I wasn't considering the effect on jobs on 

22    Long Island, and that's why I was criticized for 

23    taking that position.  

24                 Back then, the Long Islanders among 

25    us didn't care about the local person or the 


                                                               6709

 1    effect that would have had in that district, in 

 2    that community.  I was the bad guy back then.  

 3    But now the shoe is on the other foot, and it's 

 4    funny how the hypocrisy rains down.  

 5                 We're doing what we have been 

 6    elected here to do.  I don't need to remind my 

 7    colleagues that we have a majority, and so we get 

 8    to decide what bills pass and what bills don't 

 9    pass.  Because the voters of this state have 

10    empowered us to do that.  And in this case, we 

11    want to create the opportunity for a renewable 

12    energy project to go forward.  

13                 By the way, we're not mandating it 

14    go forward.  We're giving it the opportunity to 

15    continue in the process.  And that's why this is 

16    a good vote.  

17                 And just to correct the record, 

18    Senator Parker was never in the City Council as 

19    far as I understand, so I think Senator Lanza 

20    must have been thinking of other times they 

21    worked together.  But just so no one thinks he 

22    was in the Council.

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   I misspoke.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I vote yes, 

25    Madam President, and I thank you for the 


                                                               6710

 1    opportunity.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 3    Gianaris to be recorded in the affirmative.  

 4                 Senator Rhoads to explain his vote.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 And I thank Senator Gianaris for his 

 8    comments.  I think the difference here, though, 

 9    is that in the case of Amazon, you had the 

10    opportunity to be heard.  And in this case, 

11    Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick has not had the 

12    opportunity to be heard, was not even 

13    consulted -- and with respect to a project that 

14    was going on in her district.  

15                 Process does matter, no matter what 

16    the goals are.  Leadership is not bending people 

17    to your will.  Leadership is building consensus.  

18    Leadership is being respectful of the opinions of 

19    others, considering those opinions, and trying to 

20    work collaboratively towards a common goal.  That 

21    did not happen here.  

22                 And my colleague on the other side 

23    of the aisle who is the sponsor for this 

24    legislation was very passionate.  But I think he 

25    was very passionate about the fact that he was 


                                                               6711

 1    called out on something that should never have 

 2    happened, and called out on something that in the 

 3    past in this chamber, as is my understanding of 

 4    its history, would never have happened.  But 

 5    rather than acknowledge that, we got the 

 6    theatrics.  

 7                 The bottom line is we have a 

 8    community on the South Shore of Long Island that 

 9    is now bearing the brunt of the CLCPA without 

10    being asked, without being consulted.  They are 

11    the ones that are feeling the impact for the 

12    benefit of the rest of the state.  Whether you're 

13    the majority or the minority, the least that you 

14    can do is consult and work collaboratively with 

15    the residents and with the representatives, their 

16    representatives in that district, to ensure that 

17    somehow we might be able to work together to make 

18    sure that all interests are being protected.  

19                 That did not happen here.  It's 

20    wrong.  It was wrong 10 years ago.  It's wrong 

21    now.  It will be wrong 10 years from now.

22                 So, Madam President, I vote in the 

23    negative, and I urge my colleagues to do so.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Rhoads to be recorded in the negative.


                                                               6712

 1                 Announce the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar Number 668, those Senators voting in the 

 4    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

 5    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

 6    Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

 7    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

 8    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 9                 Ayes, 42.  Nays, 21.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

11    is passed.

12                 (Pause.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    Secretary will read.  

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    746, Senate Print 2943B, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

17    act to apply the Housing Stability and Tenant 

18    Protection Act of 2019.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

20    Martins, why do you rise?

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

22    I was hoping that the sponsor would yield for a 

23    few questions.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Kavanagh, do you yield?


                                                               6713

 1                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Happily, 

 2    Madam President.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 6    Senator.

 7                 Now, Senator, I understand that the 

 8    intent, at least the stated intent of this bill 

 9    is to clarify the retroactive application of 

10    certain provisions of the HSTPA, certainly in 

11    light of some Court of Appeals decisions.  Would 

12    you agree?

13                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   No, through you, 

14    Madam President, not really.  It's primarily 

15    about the prospective applications rather than 

16    the retroactive -- retrospective applications of 

17    the bill.  And I could provide a little context 

18    if that would be useful.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  And I do thank you for that.  

21    And certainly, however you choose to answer, 

22    Senator.

23                 But my question is in light of 

24    certain Court of Appeals decisions, at least it's 

25    my understanding in reading the bill and the 


                                                               6714

 1    references in the summary and memorandum of 

 2    support, that this bill came directly from at 

 3    least one, possibly two Court of Appeals 

 4    decisions and seeks to address those decisions in 

 5    light of the HSTPA.  Is that correct?

 6                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Again, through 

 7    you, Madam President.  For those who -- the HSTPA 

 8    being the Housing Stability and Tenant Protection 

 9    Act.  My colleagues graciously reminded us of 

10    what the CL and the CPA are, so HSTPA is the 

11    Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act, 

12    which was passed in 2019.  

13                 It was a very broad law that closed 

14    a lot of loopholes in the rent laws and provided 

15    protections for manufactured mobile homes and 

16    changed various provisions of landlord/tenant 

17    law.  

18                 The particular provision we're 

19    talking about here was Part F of that law, and 

20    that was a law -- a piece of this law that dealt 

21    with how far back the law -- the courts or HCR, 

22    in reviewing overcharge claims under the rent 

23    laws, should look.  

24                 And before the HSTPA, the law was 

25    such that there was a four-year lookback period 


                                                               6715

 1    and a two-year period before any case might be 

 2    brought where a landlord could be charged treble 

 3    damages if they were found to have exceeded the 

 4    legal rent.

 5                 The HSTPA changed that lookback 

 6    period to six years and also changed the 

 7    provision about the overcharge -- about the 

 8    damages that can be assessed in overcharge 

 9    claims.  And expressly in the HSTPA it said that 

10    was -- that applied to prospective cases and to 

11    cases that were already pending, so activities 

12    that occurred before the HSTPA was passed.  

13                 In a case called Regina Metro v. 

14    DHCR, the Court of Appeals limited the 

15    retroactive application of those provisions and 

16    especially did so to the extent the court found 

17    that certain of those provisions would revive 

18    claims that had been barred, that, you know, were 

19    more than four years old at that point, and 

20    claims that would increase liability.  

21                 So it was a very nuanced review of 

22    the circumstances in which provisions that are 

23    retroactive might violate the due process clause 

24    of the federal Constitution, among other 

25    provisions, and they determined that this law, 


                                                               6716

 1    that the law as we enacted it in 2019 did indeed 

 2    in certain respects, to the extent it applied 

 3    retroactively, violate that clause.  

 4                 So what this bill does is two 

 5    things.  First of all, it states the legislative 

 6    intent of this Legislature with respect to 

 7    overcharge claims and some of those provisions of 

 8    the HSTPA.  The court in Regina Metro noted that 

 9    Part F did not have a legislative intent, 

10    although there was legislative intent in other 

11    parts of the HSTPA.  

12                 And that it also clarifies -- given 

13    that Regina Metro left open a lot of questions 

14    about how the law applies prospectively and other 

15    matters, it clarifies how this Legislature 

16    believes those ought to be interpreted.

17                 But again, mostly leaving -- you 

18    know, of course doing that within the constraints 

19    put on by Regina Metro -- which, you know, was a 

20    case of the highest court of the state 

21    interpreting the Constitution -- where we are 

22    trying to clarify other aspects so that, given 

23    that the Regina Metro case knocked out certain 

24    provisions, so courts don't have to fill in some 

25    of those gaps themselves, and we are providing 


                                                               6717

 1    what we believe to be constitutionally firm 

 2    clarification of how this law -- how this part of 

 3    the law should work.

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 5    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 8    continue to yield?

 9                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

10    Madam President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    sponsor yields.  

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator Kavanagh, 

14    I thank you for the explanation.

15                 I did have opportunity to review the 

16    Regina Metro case and the court's decision in the 

17    Regina Metro case.  Wouldn't you agree that the 

18    Regina Metro case was really about the 

19    retroactive application of computations in 

20    overpayments of rent and whether or not the court 

21    found them to be in violation of due process?  

22                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  Yes, they found very specific 

24    provisions of Part F as written in the HSTPA to 

25    violate the Constitution under substantive due 


                                                               6718

 1    process and some other provisions, and struck 

 2    those down.  And again, in a very nuanced 20-page 

 3    analysis of under what circumstances things might 

 4    be infirm because they're retroactive and in 

 5    other circumstances where they're not 

 6    constitutionally infirm because they're 

 7    retroactive.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 9    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

10    yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

12    continue to yield?

13                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

14    Madam President.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR MARTINS:   In fact, it was a 

18    rather extensive decision -- probably, as you 

19    said, somewhere in the mid-20s to upper 20s, and 

20    the dissent was actually probably as long as that 

21    as well.

22                 And so, you know, the idea that how 

23    we apply laws retroactively, sort of changing the 

24    rules after the fact and then trying to apply it 

25    backwards -- and the court found that you 


                                                               6719

 1    couldn't do that.  Isn't that correct?

 2                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  The court -- I guess I'm not 

 4    sure what the -- I'm lost as to what the "it" was 

 5    in that question.

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'll rephrase, 

 7    Madam President, if the sponsor would continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

10    continue to yield?

11                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So the Court of 

14    Appeals decided, in the majority opinion, that 

15    you can't apply something retroactively because 

16    it's a violation of due process unless, unless 

17    you can demonstrate that there was fraud.  Isn't 

18    that what the court decided?

19                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, no.

21                 Through you, Madam President, my -- 

22    first of all, the court did not find that things 

23    cannot generally apply retroactively.  We very 

24    frequently create laws that provide provisions 

25    that apply before the date we enact them.  We're 


                                                               6720

 1    going to pass some tax bills later that -- 

 2    programs and other things that will apply 

 3    retroactively to some date earlier because they 

 4    expired previously.  So we very frequently pass 

 5    things that apply retroactively.  

 6                 But the court found that certain 

 7    provisions of this bill -- and again, they 

 8    particularly focused on provisions that revived 

 9    certain claims against people that had been 

10    time-barred before the HSTPA was passed.  Meaning 

11    there was a four-year lookback and now we were 

12    saying the lookback should be six years.  So they 

13    were saying that certain things that fell in that 

14    gap between four and six, which the HSTPA 

15    purported to revive, they found that it was a 

16    violation of the Constitution to revive those 

17    particular claims in that circumstance.

18                 And they also found that certain 

19    provisions that imposed additional liability 

20    retroactively -- again, in that very 

21    fact-specific analysis -- were also barred.  

22                 The question of fraud has always 

23    been an element of this law.  The four-year 

24    lookback said you could not look back more than 

25    four years unless it was necessary to 


                                                               6721

 1    demonstrate -- unless there was some evidence of 

 2    fraud.  The HSTPA said you couldn't look back 

 3    past six years unless there was evidence of 

 4    fraud.  

 5                 So both before HSTPA and after HSTPA 

 6    you could look back before that -- the number of 

 7    years that was relevant if there was some 

 8    evidence that there was fraud.  So I don't think 

 9    the court changed that fundamental principle in 

10    Regina Metro.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

12    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

15    continue to yield?

16                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So as you 

21    mentioned, HCR required a four-year lookback, and 

22    the Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act 

23    actually went back six years.  So the court found 

24    that those two years that went beyond the four 

25    years violated due process and therefore could 


                                                               6722

 1    not be enforced.

 2                 Is that the purpose of this bill, to 

 3    overcome that due process impediment?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, no.  We -- I -- you know, I may 

 6    have -- were you on the Court of Appeals at that 

 7    time, perhaps I would have sided with the dissent 

 8    or perhaps I would have sided with the majority.  

 9    I suspect I would have sided with the dissent.  

10                 But we are not trying to, you know, 

11    overturn Regina Metro, we are just trying to 

12    clarify the law within the confines of the 

13    Constitution as interpreted by Regina Metro.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

15    through you, if the sponsor will continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

18    continue to yield?

19                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

20    Madam President.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So to clarify 

24    Regina Metro.  You know, my reading of the bill 

25    is that -- and now it poses a requirement that 


                                                               6723

 1    the property owner has to retain records and has 

 2    to be responsible for providing those records, 

 3    and allows for it going back further than those 

 4    four years.  

 5                 Is that how you intended to address 

 6    the court's ruling in Regina Metro?

 7                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  Again, I'm not sure which 

 9    provision of this bill my colleague is referring 

10    to.  

11                 But, first of all, the -- you know, 

12    the court in Regina Metro did not say that a 

13    six-year lookback was problematic in general.  It 

14    just says as applied to cases, to activities that 

15    had occurred before the effective date in June of 

16    2019, it could not be applied retroactively to 

17    things that had happened more than four years ago 

18    at that point -- unless, again, the fraud 

19    exception that was in place before HSTPA could be 

20    invoked.

21                 So it basically said that as applied 

22    retroactively to activities before the HSTPA, 

23    that extra two years was problematic.  

24                 And it also -- it did not, as a 

25    general matter, say you could not require records 


                                                               6724

 1    to be kept more than four years.  It did make it 

 2    clear that a property owner's liability for 

 3    things that happened before June of 2015 might be 

 4    limited as a result of the fact that the court 

 5    felt that that would violate substantive due 

 6    process.  

 7                 But again, if there's a provision 

 8    here that my colleagues reads that way, be happy 

 9    to discuss it.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

11    through you, if the Senator would continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Kavanagh, do you continue to yield?  

15                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, I do, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    Senator yields.

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I appreciate it, 

20    Senator.  

21                 Just to perhaps help us through 

22    this, can you tell us what -- since you've 

23    mentioned that the bill was written as a way of 

24    addressing the court's decision in Regina Metro, 

25    tell us in what way you, as the sponsor of this 


                                                               6725

 1    bill, drafted this to address whatever concerns 

 2    you had from the court's decision.

 3                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  Again, as I mentioned, the 

 5    court expressly noted that there was no 

 6    legislative intent in Part F of the HSTPA, 

 7    although there was legislative intent specified 

 8    in other parts of the HSTPA.  

 9                 So this does have, first, a section 

10    of legislative findings so that any court that is 

11    reviewing and -- you know, in a case where the 

12    opinion of the Legislature is relevant and the 

13    findings of those is irrelevant, they would have 

14    that before them.

15                 So it first of all expresses concern 

16    about the fact that current rents may be very -- 

17    may be excessive, based on some activities that 

18    occurred in the past.  It expresses a public 

19    policy to the extent rents may be high now 

20    because of activities that have occurred in the 

21    past, that -- a preference that those be reduced.

22                 And it basically expresses an 

23    opinion about a finding, really, that we want to 

24    make sure that the prospective application of 

25    this law is in place to encourage registration.  


                                                               6726

 1    Because as many people in this room know, 

 2    rent-stabilized properties are supposed to be 

 3    registered.  And before HSTPA and after, there 

 4    have been always been downsides to not 

 5    registering.  

 6                 But the effect of having penalties 

 7    for not registering is -- would be such that they 

 8    might be encouraged to register prospectively, 

 9    and that's a desirable thing.

10                 And, you know, there are a few other 

11    legislative findings in this, including the fact 

12    that we generally think that registration 

13    statements are the best basis for determining 

14    legal rents in most circumstances.

15                 So it -- again, it lays out those 

16    findings and then it has various clarifications 

17    about how rents -- the current legal rent ought 

18    to be calculated.  But again, prospectively, not 

19    in a way that looks back and penalizes the 

20    landlord for calculations they might have made 

21    and rents they might have charged more than four 

22    years before the HSTPA was passed.  

23                 And it has various provisions about 

24    record-keeping, as my colleague mentioned, there 

25    were certain circumstances in which 


                                                               6727

 1    requirements -- again, retroactive requirements 

 2    of record-keeping were questioned by the court, 

 3    so it makes it clear that certain provisions of 

 4    law that were in place then, and variations of 

 5    those are in place now -- that those don't 

 6    expressly authorize the destruction of records.

 7                 It makes it clear that if records 

 8    have been destroyed by virtue of being proper -- 

 9    if they're properly destroyed by virtue of a unit 

10    being properly registered --

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Excuse me, 

12    can we have some quiet.  Thank you.  

13                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   If they've been 

14    destroyed properly, they were permitted to be 

15    destroyed by virtue of a unit having been 

16    properly registered, then that might be 

17    acceptable.  

18                 But if, again, it is not properly 

19    registered, they may not -- that it should not be 

20    assumed that they were properly destroyed.  

21                 And again, I'm summarizing because 

22    obviously this is some dense text and there are 

23    many other provisions that we're attempting to 

24    clarify here.  But this text has been available, 

25    and we did have an opportunity to discuss this 


                                                               6728

 1    about a month ago when this bill came out of the 

 2    Housing Committee.  

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I appreciate 

 4    that.  

 5                 Madam President, through you, if the 

 6    Senator will continue to yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 8    continue to yield?

 9                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

10    Madam President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And 

14    Senator Kavanagh, I thank you for that, because 

15    that really is at the crux I think of our 

16    discussion here.  It's the application of that 

17    retroactive lookback and the burden shift that 

18    you propose in your bill on an owner to have to 

19    be responsible for records beyond that four-year 

20    lookback period.  

21                 And the consequence of their not 

22    being able to produce those records would 

23    require -- or at least from your bill, the one we 

24    have before us, have a presumption of fraud.  

25    Isn't that what this bill would do?  If the 


                                                               6729

 1    landlord cannot produce records that go back 

 2    beyond those four years.

 3                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President, absolutely not.  There's 

 5    certainly no provision I would read in this bill 

 6    that creates a presumption of fraud or anything 

 7    remotely like that.  If there is a provision here 

 8    that my colleague thinks would do that, I'd be 

 9    happy to talk about it.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

11    through you.  What is the consequence after the 

12    four years -- 

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are you 

14    asking if the Senator will continue to yield?

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, if 

16    the Senator would yield.  Thank you.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

18    Kavanagh, do you yield?  

19                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

20    Madam President.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

22    Senator yields.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So, 

24    Senator Kavanagh, what is the consequence for -- 

25    and you referenced it just a few moments ago -- 


                                                               6730

 1    for an owner for recordkeeping for a period 

 2    within which -- beyond the four-year lookback?  

 3    What's the consequence under your bill?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, the bill -- you know, if you're 

 6    in a highly regulated business, there are various 

 7    reasons why one might keep records and benefits 

 8    of keeping records, including circumstances in 

 9    which your activities might be litigated.  

10                 The -- this bill does not have -- 

11    does not impose any specific or strong 

12    consequence of not having records.  It does make 

13    it clear that certain provisions of law, like 

14    subdivision (g) of Section 26-516 of the 

15    Administrative Code or Section 2523.7 of the 

16    Rent Stabilization Code, those provisions 

17    shouldn't be construed as permitting records to 

18    be destroyed.

19                 But again, if one -- you know, if 

20    one is -- you know, this bill does not create 

21    some new penalties for destroying records, and it 

22    certainly does not create presumptions of fraud 

23    where someone might not otherwise think there's 

24    fraud.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 


                                                               6731

 1    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 4    continue to yield?  

 5                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.  

 9                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Just so we're 

10    creating a record, if a landlord does not have 

11    records beyond the four-year lookback period that 

12    HCR required, which was referenced in the 

13    Regina Metro action, in the court's decision, how 

14    would your bill treat the lack of record or the 

15    inability of a landlord to produce records beyond 

16    those four years?

17                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  The bill does not spell out all 

19    the implications of not having records.  

20                 This bill does not replace the 

21    language of Part F of the HSTPA or the 

22    regulations of HCR, the agency that enforces 

23    this.  It merely expresses certain provisions to 

24    clarify what Part F may or may not require with 

25    respect to records.  


                                                               6732

 1                 Again, if I were in a situation 

 2    where the question of whether I've committed 

 3    fraud might be relevant to my defense of an 

 4    overcharge claim, I might choose to keep certain 

 5    records beyond the minimum required.  But the 

 6    bill doesn't -- the bill doesn't impose new 

 7    recordkeeping requirements.  

 8                 It does specify that certain laws 

 9    that someone might interpret to affirmatively 

10    permit the destruction of records does not do so.  

11    And I'm just giving that as an example of one of 

12    the many things this bill does.

13                 But -- and again I would note that 

14    just for anybody who might be confused, you know, 

15    the hordes of people that are watching at home, 

16    no doubt, and trying to learn about the effect of 

17    HSTPA's Part F -- because it's a, you know, hot 

18    topic for all of us.  But the -- I would just 

19    note that the current law is a six-year lookback.  

20    This case -- these clarifications are mostly 

21    about the difference between four years and six 

22    years as it applied in June of 2019.  

23                 So we're mostly talking about 

24    records that would have been between 2013 and 

25    2015, at this point, as being relevant here, 


                                                               6733

 1    because the -- you know, the -- on a prospective 

 2    basis, for activities that occurred after 

 3    June 2019 when HSTPA was passed, we're now four 

 4    years hence.  So, you know, that -- the notion 

 5    that six years, the primary lookback period, has 

 6    been in place now for four years.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

 8                 Madam President, through you, if the 

 9    sponsor would continue to yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

11    continue to yield?  

12                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So 2013 to 2015, 

17    there's a claim of overpayment of rent brought by 

18    tenants in a rent-stabilized building for that 

19    period.  The landlord does not have those records 

20    because when the HSTPA was passed in 2019, the 

21    lookback was four years.  So if they're not able 

22    to produce records between 2013 and 2015, what is 

23    the effect for a landlord who cannot produce 

24    records and cannot provide any proof as to how 

25    those records were disposed of?


                                                               6734

 1                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  I mean, the actual effect of 

 3    that would be very fact-specific.  It would 

 4    depend on what the basis is of -- I presume we're 

 5    talking about an overcharge case, first of all, 

 6    which is what Part F is about.  But it would 

 7    depend on the basis on which the tenant was 

 8    asserting there was an overcharge.  

 9                 You know, for example, there was a 

10    case called Roberts which found that for many 

11    years, HCR had been misinterpreting the law and 

12    permitting deregulation where it was not 

13    permitted.  This was discussed extensively in 

14    Regina Metro, as I'm sure my colleague knows.  

15    But there was not much of an indication that 

16    somebody was committing fraud if it was an 

17    overcharge based on the Roberts decision, because 

18    the Roberts decision was the law as interpreted 

19    by HCR.

20                 But I suppose that if we're -- 

21    before the HSTPA there was a four-year lookback, 

22    and the way to get beyond four years was for -- 

23    for the petitioner, usually the tenant, to 

24    demonstrate that there was some indication of 

25    fraud.  So I suppose if the tenant, the 


                                                               6735

 1    petitioner, had some indication of fraud that 

 2    they were presenting in order to get back into 

 3    that two-year period that exceeded the four 

 4    years, the landlord might be at some disadvantage 

 5    in demonstrating that in fact fraud had not 

 6    occurred, because they don't have records.  

 7                 But again, the burden before the 

 8    HSTPA to get beyond four years was to provide 

 9    some indication of fraud.  So absent an 

10    indication of fraud, it would presumably have 

11    very little effect on the landlord.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

13    Senator.

14                 If the sponsor could continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

17    continue to yield?

18                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

19    Madam President.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:  The sponsor 

21    yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So I appreciate 

23    that.  

24                 So if there is the burden on the 

25    tenant prior to the HSTPA to demonstrate fraud as 


                                                               6736

 1    a means of getting beyond the four-year lookback, 

 2    we can agree that that was the case back then 

 3    prior to the HSTPA, can't we?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, I'll take that as a question and 

 6    say yes.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   The inflection --

 8                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yeah, I 

 9    didn't -- I -- 

10                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Madam President, 

11    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

14    continue to yield?  

15                 (Pause.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

17    Kavanagh, do you yield?  

18                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I'm sorry, yes, 

19    I do yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    Senator yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I appreciate 

23    that, Senator.

24                 So after the HSTPA and I guess this 

25    bill before us, does the burden with regard to 


                                                               6737

 1    proving or disproving fraud shift not to the -- 

 2    from the tenant to the landlord if they're not 

 3    able to produce records?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Madam President, 

 5    I don't think there's anything in this bill that 

 6    would have that effect, no.  As it was, a court 

 7    could a -- no, I mean, let me be simpler.  I do 

 8    not believe there's anything in this bill.  This 

 9    bill is mostly about the prospective application 

10    of Part F of the HSTPA.  And it's about what the 

11    rent might be now.  

12                 Before the HSTPA it was settled that 

13    it was a four-year lookback, and to get beyond 

14    the four-year lookback, there needed to be some 

15    indication of fraud.  The HSTPA made that a 

16    six-year lookback, and before -- and to get 

17    beyond six years, there had to be some indication 

18    of fraud.  So fraud was an element in both cases.  

19                 And again, this bill is mostly about 

20    what to do with rents going forward, not the 

21    kinds of penalties and the treble -- like under 

22    HSTPA, it dramatically increased your liability 

23    of damages if you had overcharged in the past.  

24    Because if those overcharges have occurred, you 

25    either get treble damages -- again, pre-HSTPA, 


                                                               6738

 1    for two years of overcharges; HSTPA made it four 

 2    years of treble damages.

 3                 So it was a significant -- it would 

 4    have a significant impact on a landlord 

 5    retroactively, the provisions of Part F.  Regina 

 6    Metro said largely those retroactive impacts 

 7    cannot -- could not be imposed by the HSTPA.  

 8    And, you know, in a lot of that -- you know, they 

 9    -- the courts, basically every aspect of HSTPA 

10    and most aspects of the rent laws have been 

11    challenged in court.  But they found this 

12    particular provision we couldn't do that kind of 

13    retroactive effect.  

14                 So largely, retroactive effects here 

15    are -- the retroactive effects of that law have 

16    been largely rendered invalid.  This bill is 

17    primarily about the prospective effect, how do 

18    you decide the rent going forward based on past 

19    activity.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

21    through you.  So what would the impact be --  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

23    Martins, are you asking the sponsor to yield?

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Through you, if 

25    the sponsor would continue to yield.  


                                                               6739

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I do indeed, 

 4    Madam President.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 8                 What would the impact be -- or what 

 9    would the effect be on a landlord who does not 

10    have records, in the event that there is an 

11    action brought for overpayment of rent?  

12                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  I assume my colleague means 

14    records that they're not legally required to 

15    keep, that go beyond -- I mean, landlords are 

16    required under various provisions of law to keep 

17    records regarding rent.  If they're registering 

18    their apartment, then the rent registration 

19    itself, which is an annual requirement which we 

20    might perhaps talk about in a subsequent bill 

21    today -- but that constitutes a record of what 

22    the rent was at various times.  

23                 But landlords are required to keep 

24    records.  And if they do not keep records, 

25    they're required to keep -- presumably either the 


                                                               6740

 1    courts or HCR adjudicating a rent claim, you 

 2    know, will not look favorably upon them.  If they 

 3    don't have records that they're not required to 

 4    keep, it presumably might diminish their ability 

 5    to assert certain defenses when a petitioner 

 6    brings a claim.  

 7                 But because again the -- in both 

 8    pre-HSTPA and post-HSTPA there is this question 

 9    of whether fraud allows you to get back past the 

10    lookback number.  And the lookback number changed 

11    from four to six in the HSTPA, but in either case 

12    it might be prudent to have records that show -- 

13    that allow you to thoroughly demonstrate that 

14    there was no fraud.  But of course there would 

15    have to be some reason to think there's fraud 

16    before you have to demonstrate that.

17                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

18    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

19    yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

21    Martins, your time has expired.  This will be 

22    your final question.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:   It has expired.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Oh.  Where did 


                                                               6741

 1    the time go, Senator.  

 2                 (Laughter.)

 3                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Allow me to 

 4    yield and express my disappointment that 

 5    Senator Martins' time has expired.  

 6                 (Laughter.)

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

 8    thank you.

 9                 Senator Kavanagh, we'll continue 

10    this again at a different time.  But I'm sure one 

11    or more of my colleagues may have some additional 

12    questions for you.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Palumbo, why do you rise?

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  Would the sponsor yield for a 

17    few questions.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

19    Kavanagh, do you yield?  

20                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

21    Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, Brian.  

25    Nice to see you.  


                                                               6742

 1                 We've been talking about this for 

 2    quite some time.  Only a half-hour, like you 

 3    said, goes so quickly.  And a lot of those 

 4    questions that I was going to address were 

 5    discussed, but I just want to follow up a little 

 6    bit on the section regarding I guess recapture.  

 7    Let me find that little -- what I was looking to 

 8    see.  

 9                 Can you explain to me, in the event 

10    that a unit was deregulated, is there anything in 

11    this legislation that would actually allow you to 

12    recapture into the rent regulation a unit that 

13    was deregulated at some point?  

14                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  For clarification -- I guess 

16    I'm asking my colleague to yield to clarify his 

17    own question.  But does he mean a bona fide legal 

18    deregulation?

19                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Certainly I'll 

20    respond to that, thank you.  And Madam President, 

21    I certainly will yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are you 

23    asking the sponsor to yield?  

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Yes.  Would 

25    the -- I thought he was asking me.  But yes, 


                                                               6743

 1    would the sponsor continue to yield.

 2                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 3    Madam President.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  I'll 

 5    clarify that question.  

 6                 Either/or.  Because I know obviously 

 7    there are kind of two categories that we look at, 

 8    I guess, right, one that's fraudulently 

 9    deregulated -- and I believe is what's addressed 

10    in this bill -- and ones that aren't, that are 

11    done obviously lawfully.  

12                 So can you explain to me the 

13    distinction between those two?

14                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  I'd just first of all note that 

16    the bill is -- relates to overcharges, and there 

17    could be a variety of circumstances in which 

18    somebody could be accused of an overcharge, where 

19    they did not assert that it was deregulated, they 

20    just charged more than the legal rent, or perhaps 

21    they claim to have done an individual apartment 

22    improvement that allowed them to raise the legal 

23    rent but they had not in fact done so.  

24                 So there are a number of ways that 

25    overcharge claims have come up in the past.


                                                               6744

 1                 This bill doesn't change the 

 2    fundamental -- you know -- actually, let me -- 

 3    I'm not aware of any particular way this bill 

 4    changes the conditions and circumstances in which 

 5    you could be accused of -- effectively accused of 

 6    an overcharge, either through deregulation or 

 7    through other purpose.  

 8                 And again, Regina Metro is the 

 9    defining law on whether you -- whether a 

10    retroactive application of any of the provisions 

11    that are on the books through Part F would be 

12    relevant to that situation.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Would the sponsor 

14    continue to yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

16    continue to yield?  

17                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

18    Madam President.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

22    Senator.

23                 And with respect to rehabilitation 

24    and rebuilding some of these units, does this 

25    still allow for certain units, in the event that 


                                                               6745

 1    they are rehabilitated units, that they're exempt 

 2    from rent regulation, in the event you put money 

 3    into the unit or the building?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  I'm going to suggest to my 

 6    colleague that he may be referring -- he may be 

 7    asking about provisions that are in Bill 2980C, 

 8    which is on the agenda today.  

 9                 This bill does not affect the 

10    circumstances in which someone can rehabilitate a 

11    rental unit in any particular way.  Although I 

12    suppose given that it -- if somebody were being 

13    accused of overcharge related to rehabilitation, 

14    I suppose it could -- it could be relevant in 

15    some general way.  

16                 But we do have another bill on the 

17    agenda that has provisions specifically about 

18    rehabilitation.  

19                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

20    continue to yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

24    Madam President.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 


                                                               6746

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 3    Senator.  

 4                 And you know what, I may have been 

 5    conflating the two, because there are a lot of 

 6    similarities between it.  So let me ask you, 

 7    then -- let's go back to that Regina case, if we 

 8    may.  And I do have the case in front of me.  

 9                 And there was -- and I'll read from 

10    this one page, I guess it's from the original 

11    side, I guess this is about page 385, that the 

12    court held, with respect to the United States 

13    Supreme Court -- as the Supreme Court has 

14    observed, retroactive legislation that reaches 

15    "particularly far" into the past and that imposes 

16    liability of a high magnitude relative to 

17    impacted parties' conduct raises "substantial 

18    questions of fairness," citing Eastern 

19    Enterprises, from the U.S. Supreme Court.  

20                 And again, in the retroactivity 

21    context, a rational justification is one 

22    commensurate with a degree of disruption to 

23    settled substantial rights.  In this instance, 

24    that standard has not been met.  

25                 And so when I read that and then I 


                                                               6747

 1    compared that to this bill that's currently 

 2    before us, it seemed as though that -- and as you 

 3    mentioned earlier, to an extent that the 

 4    legislative intent is what you were intending to 

 5    address.  Because it seemed that it may have been 

 6    a little silent.  

 7                 So when you crafted this bill, was 

 8    your intention to I guess clarify for the 

 9    Court of Appeals and future courts that the 

10    retroactive application could be expanded and 

11    could go -- and records could be reviewed prior 

12    to a four-year lookback period?  Or prior to, I'm 

13    sorry, 2019.  Excuse me.  

14                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

15    Madam President, no.  The bill in various places 

16    expressly says that we're not talking about -- in 

17    most of the provisions we're not talking about 

18    retroactive application.  It repeatedly says 

19    we're talking about the prospective application 

20    of various provisions of the HSTPA.  

21                 And again, if there is any language 

22    in this bill that my colleague believes would 

23    impose a retroactive thing that might -- a 

24    retroactive effect that might violate the U.S. 

25    Constitution, you know, that's obviously on some 


                                                               6748

 1    level not something for us to decide in this 

 2    room.  You know, courts will decide whether what 

 3    we do today is constitutional, but there's no 

 4    intention to do anything that violates the 

 5    constitutional provisions as interpreted by 

 6    Regina Metro.  

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 8    continue to yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

10    continue to yield? 

11                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

12    Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Now, I just have 

16    from my notes, if I may, Senator, that this bill 

17    requires owners claiming exemption from 

18    regulation -- I guess this went to what we were 

19    just discussing a minute ago -- due to 

20    substantial rehabilitation to now first file for 

21    approval with the Division of Housing, with DHCR.  

22    Is that -- is that in this bill?  

23                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  That is not in this bill.  That 

25    does sound suspiciously like a provision that is 


                                                               6749

 1    in S2980, although that of course is not relevant 

 2    to this debate before us.

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Very good.  Thank 

 4    you.  

 5                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 9    Madam President.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 I guess the last area that I'd just 

15    like to discuss, if we may, regarding inheritance 

16    to family members and trusts.  Could you describe 

17    to me what this bill provides in that regard as 

18    far as any expansion, or if it addresses at all 

19    the ability for a rent-regulated home to be 

20    passed down.

21                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  Again, the bill is before us 

23    here and there's no provision here that -- I 

24    mean, I could -- it's three pages, single-spaced, 

25    but I don't believe there's any provision that 


                                                               6750

 1    would -- there's certainly no provision that 

 2    directly changes the law.  I'm not sure if 

 3    there's some provision that my colleague thinks 

 4    might be relevant to that, but I'm not aware of 

 5    any.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   I think I have 

 7    it, Senator.  I think I have it.  Somebody had 

 8    the wrong number on -- the wrong bill number, I 

 9    think, on my note.  

10                 Would the sponsor continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

12    continue to yield?  

13                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

18    Senator.  And thank you for your patience.  

19                 The area that I wanted to talk about 

20    was combining units.  Is that addressed in this 

21    bill?  

22                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:    Through you, 

23    Madam President, that is also something that is 

24    dealt with in S2980 and not in this bill.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   2980, that's why 


                                                               6751

 1    I was -- I apologize.  That was my problem, I had 

 2    43.  

 3                 Would the sponsor continue to yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 5    continue to yield?  

 6                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 7    Madam President.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Got it.  (Pause.) 

11                 So this is the retroactivity 

12    question, please, Senator.  And so -- so this was 

13    just clarified for me.  So if someone inherits a 

14    property as a landlord, do they ultimately 

15    inherit, for example, the lookback period from 

16    the prior owner if it were, say, to pass through 

17    a trust or to a subsequent landlord?  I had it 

18    mixed up.  It's not the tenant, it's the landlord 

19    itself.

20                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

21    Madam President.  That's a presumably somewhat 

22    complicated question of law, and there's no 

23    provision of this bill that I'm aware of that 

24    addresses that one way or the other.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Senator Kavanagh, 


                                                               6752

 1    thank you very much.  

 2                 On the bill, please.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 4    Palumbo on the bill.

 5                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.

 7                 And I'm sure we're going to be 

 8    talking about the next bill that lands in our 

 9    lap.  And I just have a few comments -- that's 

10    quite similar to this one.  But I do have a few 

11    comments about the nature of this bill and its 

12    effect on generally the housing market.  

13                 So unfortunately, housing is very 

14    expensive in New York City for a number of 

15    reasons.  And I think the overwhelming majority 

16    of those reasons come out of this building.  

17                 Rents are high because it's 

18    expensive to live.  And landlords, who I think to 

19    an extent have been villainized, they need to 

20    be -- they need to survive as well.  Because 

21    obviously they need to put money into their 

22    housing units to make them comfortable and nice 

23    and safe for the tenants.  And the more that we 

24    keep piling on the landlord's ability to manage 

25    properties fairly -- I understand, if there's 


                                                               6753

 1    fraud, I have absolutely no problem with that, 

 2    they need to pay treble damages, lookback, all of 

 3    that.  That's absolutely appropriate, 

 4    100 percent.  

 5                 But when you think about the fact 

 6    that now you're going to have a lot of additional 

 7    onerous burdens on our property owners -- the 

 8    ability to refinance, you've got lookback 

 9    periods, you do have what I believe was an 

10    expansion of fraud based on the discussion with 

11    my colleague in the previous debate.

12                 So these sort of burdens, although 

13    it seems as though they're being placed on the 

14    landlord, the additional recordkeeping 

15    requirements -- and I get it.  There does need to 

16    be reasonable regulation.  But when we keep 

17    pushing further down the road, it causes a -- 

18    almost a compression factor, I would call it, 

19    where that burden that the landlords are 

20    shouldering makes housing suffer.  And housing 

21    becomes less available because folks don't want 

22    to invest.  And we have these people -- yes, they 

23    may be uber-millionaires, extremely wealthy 

24    people, but that's who can afford to build 

25    buildings in New York City and in many areas of 


                                                               6754

 1    New York.  

 2                 So we need to not overregulate.  We 

 3    need to not continue to push them out of this 

 4    market, because they will go elsewhere.  They 

 5    need to survive.  

 6                 And I understand we need to have 

 7    some affordable housing.  That's a crisis.  

 8    Madam President, as you may recall, we passed 

 9    through this body and four of the five eastern 

10    towns on Long Island passed a referendum for an 

11    the affordable housing community preservation 

12    fund, a community housing fund that would 

13    ultimately generate money to help folks stay on 

14    the East End of Long Island.  So I do get it.  

15                 But unfortunately, I believe this 

16    bill is overly expansive.  And in response to the 

17    Regina case, our Court of Appeals pretty clearly 

18    laid out the standard.  And this direct response 

19    to try and now couch what we believe is 

20    legislative intent to maybe help the courts 

21    better decide on -- in tenants' favor, you have 

22    to do it within the constitutional guidelines.  

23    And this goes too far.  

24                 As such, I'll be voting no, and I 

25    urge my colleagues to do the same.  


                                                               6755

 1                 Thank you.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

 3    Senator Palumbo.

 4                 Senator Helming, why do you rise? 

 5                 SENATOR HELMING:   Because it feels 

 6    good to stretch.  

 7                 (Laughter.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   

 9    Understood.  Understood.

10                 SENATOR HELMING:   No, no, no.  

11    Madam President, on the bill.  Thank you.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

13    Helming on the bill.

14                 SENATOR HELMING:   On the bill.  

15                 Before I start on the bill, I wanted 

16    to take a moment -- I heard one of my colleagues 

17    earlier note that it was Senator Breslin's 

18    birthday, so I wanted to extended happiest of 

19    birthdays.  I'm sure Evan will carry that message 

20    to him.

21                 (Applause.)

22                 SENATOR HELMING:   And on the bill, 

23    I really wanted to take a moment and compliment 

24    the bill's sponsor.  I'm the ranking member of 

25    Housing.  I've been on that committee I think 


                                                               6756

 1    four years now.  Sometimes it feels like 40 years 

 2    long.  

 3                 It's really -- it's a complex 

 4    matter, it really and truly is.  And it impacts 

 5    all of us.  I don't care if you're in New York 

 6    City or you're out in my rural areas, it's 

 7    impacting all of us and we all know we need to do 

 8    something to address the housing crisis, the 

 9    shortage that faces all of us.  

10                 And during our debates and our 

11    discussions in committee, I can get kind of 

12    long-winded, I dive down into the details.  And I 

13    just want to thank Senator Kavanagh, because he 

14    is what I would call a true statesman.  He is 

15    always willing to take the time to explain 

16    things, to answer questions, to get back to me 

17    with respect.  And I truly appreciate that, 

18    Senator Kavanagh.  I think we could all use a 

19    little more of that, right, in this environment.  

20    So thank you.  

21                 So after listening to the 

22    discussions in committee, listening to the 

23    debates here on the floor and the questions that 

24    were raised, it's my feeling -- and after talking 

25    to people who are impacted by this -- that this 


                                                               6757

 1    legislation does exactly what Senator Palumbo 

 2    says, it drives up costs.  And it further burdens 

 3    the owners of stabilized housing and all property 

 4    owners.

 5                 The changes proposed in this 

 6    legislation are going to increase the cost of 

 7    recordkeeping and compliance.  They're going to 

 8    increase the cost of insurance to cover the risk 

 9    of litigation.  And I believe it truly has the 

10    potential to jeopardize financing opportunities 

11    for new housing.  This legislation will make it 

12    that much more difficult to maintain the 

13    stabilized housing stock that we do have.  

14                 It's going to make it that much more 

15    difficult to attract new prospective investors.  

16    Just think about it for a moment.  What 

17    prospective investor or owner would want to 

18    purchase a rent-regulated property when this 

19    body, through this legislation, improperly and 

20    unconstitutionally imposes retroactive 

21    application of rent methods?  

22                 I feel very strongly that rather 

23    than passing this legislation that will 

24    jeopardize the future investment of stabilized 

25    housing, and strips away the constitutional 


                                                               6758

 1    rights of due process, we should be working with 

 2    our property owners in every single part of this 

 3    state to really bring more housing that's 

 4    affordable to more people online.  That should be 

 5    our priority.  

 6                 And frankly, Madam President, I 

 7    heard the comment made earlier about that "We are 

 8    in the Majority, we get to decide which 

 9    legislation comes to the floor and gets passed."    

10    This wouldn't have been my priority to bring to 

11    the floor, and I'll be voting no.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

13    Senator Helming.  

14                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

15    to be heard?

16                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

17    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

18                 Read the last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Kavanagh to explain his vote.


                                                               6759

 1                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, 

 2    Madam President.  

 3                 First of all, I'd be remiss if I did 

 4    not return the compliment.  It's been a pleasure 

 5    to work with the ranker on this committee, 

 6    Senator Helming.  We do have very -- and the 

 7    other members of the committee, from both sides 

 8    of the aisle.  

 9                 We do have very robust discussions 

10    in committee as many -- we've moved nearly 

11    80 bills through the Housing Committee this year, 

12    and it's been a very good opportunity to discuss 

13    those and try to, you know, address the many 

14    needs of homeowners and renters and property 

15    owners throughout the state.

16                 Just to say, again, if you review 

17    the conversation we've had today, there really is 

18    no instance where anyone has pointed out a 

19    specific provision of this bill that would create 

20    the kind of retroactivity that Regina Metro v. 

21    DHCR said was concerning.  

22                 It is the case that the HSTPA did 

23    change the parameters within which one needs to 

24    keep records, and also created six years as the 

25    sort of basic lookback, rather than four years.  


                                                               6760

 1    But that law has been on the books for four years 

 2    now, so that has been the law prospectively since 

 3    then.  

 4                 This bill is intended to clarify in 

 5    certain ways the prospective application of that 

 6    law, and we have no reason to think, having our 

 7    counsel and having reviewed it ourselves, we have 

 8    no reason to think that there's anything 

 9    constitutionally problematic about this bill.  

10                 And in addition, it won't really add 

11    new recordkeeping requirements per the -- 

12    relative to the HSTPA, because again that law has 

13    been on the books for four years.  

14                 And with that, I vote aye.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

16    Kavanagh to be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Senator Borrello to explain his 

18    vote.

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 This is my first year on the 

22    Housing Committee, and I want to echo the 

23    sentiments of Senator Helming that 

24    Senator Kavanagh has an amazing depth of 

25    knowledge and is very cautious and informed.  


                                                               6761

 1                 But the overall issue I see is that 

 2    we are truly doing what Senator Palumbo said.  We 

 3    are going to drive these folks out.  And what 

 4    really concerns me is that we're going to be left 

 5    with just people that can afford to own their own 

 6    private homes, their own private property, and 

 7    then government housing.  

 8                 And what does government housing 

 9    look like?  Well, it's NYCHA.  And one thing I 

10    have heard from my colleagues in New York City is 

11    NYCHA is really bad.  In fact, if I listen to 

12    them, I think it's run by Satan himself.  

13                 So if we're going to drive out the 

14    private, for-profit property owners that are 

15    actually doing good things to have good property, 

16    and leave it to government bureaucrats who really 

17    don't have any skin in the game, you're going to 

18    have more NYCHAs.  You're going to have more 

19    public housing that quite frankly, from what I'm 

20    told, isn't meeting standards time and time 

21    again.  Because I've seen many types of attempts 

22    by this body to try to rein in NYCHA somehow, and 

23    apparently it's failing.  

24                 So let's not drive out the folks 

25    that are actually providing good quality housing.  


                                                               6762

 1    Just because somebody else owns it and rents it 

 2    does not make them bad people.  

 3                 So I vote no.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 5    Borrello to be recorded in the negative.

 6                 Announce the results -- oh, sorry.

 7                 Senator Krueger to explain her vote.

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you very 

 9    much.  

10                 I want to thank everyone for this 

11    debate.  I want to particularly Senator Kavanagh 

12    for his commitment to complex and detailed bills.

13                 And I just want to point out, this 

14    is about people who are committing fraud and 

15    driving up rents higher than they're legally 

16    allowed to.  So when we talk about good people 

17    running buildings, I would love to have every 

18    building run by a landlord who understands the 

19    law, follows the law, and doesn't fraudulently 

20    drive up rents.

21                 This bill will help ensure that that 

22    doesn't happen.  I believe that's in everyone's 

23    best interests, particularly those landlords who 

24    are following the law -- which is the majority of 

25    them.  Because if they see that others don't have 


                                                               6763

 1    to follow the law and get away with it, what's 

 2    their motivation to color within the lines and to 

 3    follow the law?  

 4                 So I want to thank Senator Kavanagh.  

 5    I certainly proudly support this bill.  And I 

 6    will tell you, many of these stories are actually 

 7    going on in my district, where people learn that 

 8    they are paying far more rent than they were 

 9    legally supposed to, they don't learn it easily 

10    or quickly, they end up in court because they 

11    need to.  They may be driven out of the homes 

12    they have because they can't afford the illegally 

13    increased rents.  And this kind of legislation I 

14    believe is particularly important to protect the 

15    too-minimal stock of affordable rent regulated 

16    housing that we have in this state.  

17                 So I am very happy to vote yes, 

18    Madam President.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

20    Krueger to be recorded in the affirmative.

21                 Senator Martins to explain his vote.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

23    Madam President.  

24                 What this bill does is impose an 

25    unfair retroactive application of document 


                                                               6764

 1    retention on landlords beyond that which they 

 2    would have to do.  I think we would all agree 

 3    that if someone asked us to go back and apply a 

 4    different tax rate to our income taxes from 

 5    10 years ago, and we held -- and we had an 

 6    obligation to hold on to our tax records, I think 

 7    we all agree, for seven years and it went beyond 

 8    that, that we wouldn't expect to have to 

 9    demonstrate that we didn't have those documents 

10    for any reason, they were destroyed in the 

11    regular course of our own personal lives.  

12                 But to put an obligation on a 

13    landlord for a period beyond which they were 

14    required to hold on to records, and then to have 

15    a default presumption be that they did something 

16    wrong, I think is wrong.

17                 Now, if we're talking about doing 

18    things prospectively, then that's fine.  This 

19    body certainly has the ability to apply 

20    prospective laws.  But to apply and change the 

21    law retroactively and to hold people to a 

22    different standard than they had otherwise, is 

23    wrong.  

24                 For that reason, I vote no.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:  Senator 


                                                               6765

 1    Martins to be recorded in the negative.

 2                 Announce the results.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 4    Calendar 746, those Senators voting in the 

 5    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

 6    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Felder, Gallivan, Griffo, 

 7    Helming, Mannion, Martinez, Martins, Mattera, 

 8    Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, 

 9    Rolison, Scarcella-Spanton, Stec, Tedisco, 

10    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

11                 Ayes, 39.  Nays, 24.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

13    is passed.  

14                 Senator Gianaris.  

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

16    at this time we're going to -- just to give my 

17    colleagues a sense of schedule, we're going to 

18    break for brief party conferences, from there go 

19    to a Rules Committee meeting, take up the 

20    supplemental calendar, which will hopefully be 

21    the final one for the session, and then proceed 

22    with the six bills that still remain on debate.

23                 So at this time can we call an 

24    immediate meeting of the Democratic Conference in 

25    Room 332 and a Rules Committee meeting for 7:45, 


                                                               6766

 1    and then recognize Senator Palumbo, please.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 3    Palumbo.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  There will be an immediate 

 6    Republican conference in Room 315 of the Capitol.  

 7                 Thank you.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   There will 

 9    be an immediate meeting of each of the party 

10    conferences.  

11                 The Senate stands at ease.

12                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

13    at 7:18 p.m.)

14                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

15    8:30 p.m.)

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    Senate will return to order.

18                 Senator Gianaris.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

20    we're going to start by taking up a resolution 

21    that we did not take up earlier today.  

22                 So we'll begin with previously 

23    adopted Resolution 1368, by Senator Hinchey, read 

24    its title, and recognize Senator Hinchey to 

25    briefly speak on this resolution.


                                                               6767

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Secretary will read.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 1368, by 

 4    Senator Hinchey, mourning the death of 

 5    Karl Berger, internationally renowned 

 6    master musician, composer, and educator.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Hinchey on the resolution.

 9                 SENATOR HINCHEY:   Thank you, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 On Easter Sunday of this year, the 

12    world lost a true visionary.  Karl Berger passed 

13    away at the age of 88 years old, an 

14    internationally renowned master musician, Karl 

15    pioneered creative music, a new combination of 

16    free jazz, world music, and modern classical.  

17                 He began playing classical piano at 

18    10 years old and started focusing on jazz at just 

19    14.  With a double Ph.D. in philosophy and music, 

20    he founded the Creative Music Studio in 1971 in 

21    Woodstock, with his longtime partner Ingrid 

22    Sertso and jazz legend Ornette Coleman.  

23                 His teachings emphasized 

24    improvisation and his concept of an attentive 

25    collaborative music mind when playing.  He often 


                                                               6768

 1    said, "It's not what you play, but how you play."  

 2                 He worked with internationally known 

 3    musicians from jazz and other traditions, and 

 4    worked with musicians at every skill level all 

 5    across the world.  

 6                 He was a master musician on piano 

 7    and vibraphone, a five-time winner of the 

 8    prestigious DownBeat International Critics Poll, 

 9    and he recorded 26 albums under his own name, 

10    working with revered musicians in jazz on other 

11    albums, including Ornette Coleman, Don Cherry, 

12    Pharoah Sanders, Dave Holland and many others.

13                 And he was a master arranger of 

14    music for pop, rock and contemporary, working 

15    with people like Jeff Buckley, Natalie Merchant, 

16    Better Than Ezra, The Cardigans, and a local 

17    hometown band, Coheed & Cambria. 

18                 Karl and Ingrid, with the Creative 

19    Music Studio, transformed music and traveled 

20    around the world.  And his teachings and his 

21    lessons will live on in perpetuity.  

22                 On top of being an incredible 

23    musician and pioneer in this field, he was also 

24    an incredibly kind, generous man and friend to 

25    everyone who knew him.  


                                                               6769

 1                 We lost our community, we lost a 

 2    true hero.  And it is with great sadness but with 

 3    honor and deep respect that we honor him on this 

 4    floor today.  I'm really proud to bring this 

 5    resolution in honor of Karl Berger to the floor, 

 6    and I thank my colleagues for indulging me in 

 7    this moment.  

 8                 I extend my sincere condolences to 

 9    his wife Ingrid and his daughter Savia Berger, 

10    and know that we are with them in spirit.  And 

11    Karl's spirit will live on in perpetuity for 

12    everyone who knew him, and through the future of 

13    Creative Music Studio.  

14                 Thank you very much, 

15    Madam President.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

17    you.  The resolution was adopted on June 8th.

18                 Senator Gianaris.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Senator Hinchey 

20    would like to open that for cosponsorship.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    resolution is open for cosponsorship.  Should you 

23    choose not to be a cosponsor, please notify the 

24    desk.

25                 Senator Gianaris.


                                                               6770

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Now back to the 

 2    controversial calendar, Madam President, 

 3    beginning with Calendar 1153, by 

 4    Senator Harckham.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    Secretary will ring the bell.

 7                 The Secretary will read.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    1153, Senate Print 6893, by Senator Harckham, an 

10    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Stec, why do you rise?

13                 SENATOR STEC:   I was hoping the 

14    sponsor would yield for a few questions, please.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Harckham --

17                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

18    Madam Chair, as long as the coffee holds out, I 

19    will answer questions.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor will yield.

22                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you, 

23    Madam President.  Thank you very much.  Through 

24    you, Madam President.  

25                 Good evening, Senator Harckham.  I 


                                                               6771

 1    know the hour is late and -- or getting late; 

 2    we've got a ways to go.  I'll try to be as brief 

 3    as possible.  

 4                 Your -- the legislation at hand is 

 5    concerning -- it's centered around the upcoming 

 6    decommissioning of the Indian Point nuclear 

 7    facility on the Hudson River, is that true?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 9    Madam Chair, yes, it is.  This process started a 

10    few years ago as the reactor was shut off, and a 

11    company called Holtec has been doing the 

12    decommissioning, they've been coming to our 

13    quarterly Decommissioning Oversight Board 

14    meetings to update us on their progress.  

15                 And a couple of months ago they 

16    announced, in the course of their work plan, that 

17    they were going to begin releasing 1.5 million 

18    gallons of tritiated water from the spent fuel 

19    pools, which was something that caught the 

20    community off guard.  

21                 And what I think was more disturbing 

22    to the community was that this is standard 

23    practice in the nuclear industry -- as you know 

24    from your experience, Senator Stec -- and this 

25    had been going on, tens of millions of gallons of 


                                                               6772

 1    tritiated water from the nuclear plant when it 

 2    was active under the years of Entergy and Con Ed.

 3                 And so I have not seen a reaction 

 4    like this since in terms of the outcry from the 

 5    community to do something, both sides of the 

 6    river, Republican and Democratic communities 

 7    together.  

 8                 And so, working with counsel, we 

 9    began looking at alternatives.  And as you know, 

10    the federal government preempts on health when it 

11    comes to nuclear discharges, but the 

12    Supreme Court has sided with the Ninth Circuit 

13    when you talk about economic impacts.  

14                 And so this legislation speaks to 

15    protecting the Hudson River Valley from 

16    significant economic harm -- real estate, 

17    homeowners, businesses, from the harm associated 

18    with this discharge.  

19                 We have been in negotiations with 

20    them about alternative schedules, about other 

21    things they can do, about some of the 

22    alternatives to dumping.  But unfortunately none 

23    of those discussions have yielded a fruitful 

24    result.  And so in order to protect the 

25    communities from economic hardship, we feel that 


                                                               6773

 1    we need to pass this legislation.

 2                 SENATOR STEC:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President, if the sponsor will continue to 

 4    yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR STEC:   All right, thank 

11    you, Senator.  I certainly appreciate that 

12    introduction to the project.  

13                 And you made reference to my past 

14    knowledge level on the subject.  For those of you 

15    that may not know, I was in the Navy's nuclear 

16    power program and I was engineer-qualified.  And 

17    I was on a ship out of Bremerton, Washington, in 

18    the Puget Sound, operated two nuclear reactors 

19    safely on that ship.  And the last thing that I 

20    did on that ship before I went to shore duty was 

21    I was on the decommissioning crew.  We 

22    decommissioned those two nuclear reactors, albeit 

23    much smaller, but of course they were designed 

24    for combat, on a combat vessel.  

25                 So my question would be, though, 


                                                               6774

 1    Indian Point, so what years did Indian Point 

 2    operate, and when did it shut down?  

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you,  

 4    Madam Chair, first we want to thank the Senator 

 5    for his service to our country and for your 

 6    expertise on this.  

 7                 The plant was transferred and closed 

 8    down -- what was it, two years ago or three years 

 9    ago?  2021.  So it was about two, about two and a 

10    half years ago is when Entergy sold the plant.  

11    Both the NRC and the PSC approved the license.  

12                 There were actually three reactors 

13    there, going back 50 years.  One had been 

14    decommissioned many years ago; that was 

15    Reactor 1.  And then there's still 2 and 3, and 

16    those are the ones that are being decommissioned.

17                 SENATOR STEC:   Will the sponsor 

18    continue to yield?

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield? 

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR STEC:   All right, thank 

25    you, Madam President.  


                                                               6775

 1                 So from 1962 to 2020, 58 years it 

 2    operated.  Certainly there was economic benefit.  

 3    I'm sure everyone knew that nothing lasts forever 

 4    and that at some point we would need to be 

 5    decommissioning this like we do most any other 

 6    industrial facility.

 7                 Do you know -- you mentioned in your 

 8    opening remarks that the public was surprised, 

 9    and understandably so.  Not everyone is a nuclear 

10    engineer.  The public was surprised that this 

11    plant discharged water into the Hudson while it 

12    was operating those 58 years.

13                 Do you know about how much water was 

14    discharged into the Hudson from the plant on an 

15    annual basis for those almost six decades?  

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

17    Madam Chair, it was millions of gallons a year as 

18    the water was rotated through those fuel pools.  

19                 But the view in the community is 

20    that just because something was done for decades 

21    doesn't mean it's appropriate to continue doing 

22    that.  And again, regardless of party 

23    affiliation, people in the Hudson Valley, the 

24    Hudson River is sacred to them.  It's the 

25    birthplace of the modern environmental movement.  


                                                               6776

 1    It's an economic engine for close to 

 2    800,000 jobs.  And people have a connection to 

 3    it.  

 4                 We talked the other day about the 

 5    naming of the bridge and the Dutch connection, 

 6    the Native American connection.

 7                 And so this industrial-era policy of 

 8    siting industry alongside our water bodies 

 9    because it's convenient and expedient to dump 

10    waste just doesn't work for people anymore.  And 

11    that's why we've been trying to negotiate for 

12    alternatives.  And short of alternatives, that's 

13    why we have this legislation.

14                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.  Will the sponsor continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you, 

23    Madam President.  I've seen some of the data on 

24    this.  And just hopefully, if nothing else, to 

25    make your constituents a little more comfortable 


                                                               6777

 1    with however this may play out, that from '62 to 

 2    2020, those 58 years, the plant discharged about 

 3    2 million gallons a year into the river, 2 

 4    million gallons.  You mentioned that 

 5    decommissioning is 1.5 million gallons to go.  

 6    So, you know, they discharged an awful lot.  

 7                 And of course then the question is 

 8    what are you discharging.  They discharged 

 9    1200 curies a year while they were operating.  

10    There's only 400 total curies left to get rid of.  

11    So 99 percent of whatever's going to be 

12    discharged in the Hudson has already been 

13    discharged.  So a little bit of closing the barn 

14    doors after the cows are out.  

15                 But with that said, I mean, you 

16    know, you're the Environmental Conservation 

17    chair, I'm the ranker.  We've had conversations 

18    along these lines before about what the bandwidth 

19    is of DEC.  So my question would be, who at the 

20    state level is going to regulate, monitor, 

21    enforce that no discharge -- because that's 

22    another follow-up question I'll have.  But who's 

23    going to monitor this and enforce it for the 

24    State of New York?  

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 


                                                               6778

 1    Madam Chair.  In this legislation it is the 

 2    Attorney General that would be dealing with the 

 3    enforcement.

 4                 SENATOR STEC:   Will he yield, 

 5    please.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR STEC:   So the 

12    Attorney General has staff on it that understands 

13    radiological waste and discharge, they have 

14    scientists and people that are going to monitor 

15    day to day the site to make sure that this 

16    doesn't happen?  

17                 I mean, I understand legally they're 

18    going to step in.  But who's going to do the 

19    boots-on-the-ground work to make sure -- I mean, 

20    where I'm coming to is that this is a preempted 

21    area by the federal government.  The Clean Water 

22    Act does not trump the nuclear regulatory 

23    agencies or the atomic laws that surround these 

24    things in the country.  

25                 And it will come as no surprise to  


                                                               6779

 1    you that I think oftentimes the State of New York 

 2    has stepped in to try to regulate something that 

 3    should be regulated and is in fact regulated on a 

 4    national level because it's difficult to have 

 5    state to state rules.

 6                 But if EPA and the nuclear 

 7    regulatory agencies aren't the ones to do the 

 8    monitoring, then does DEC have the staff and the 

 9    resources and the knowledge and the equipment to 

10    do this monitoring?  Or who's going to do this 

11    monitoring?  

12                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   So it's 

13    interesting that you raise that question.  One of 

14    the things that we did in the Decommissioning 

15    Oversight Board was we were greatly disappointed 

16    because the second the keys were handed over, the 

17    NRC took their resident inspectors and left.  And 

18    that was another blow to the community.  So the 

19    PSC hired a full-time inspector.  

20                 There is also New York State 

21    Department of Health monitoring that goes on.  

22                 So there are the boots on the ground 

23    to do this.

24                 You know, the hope of this 

25    legislation, Madam President, is not that we have 


                                                               6780

 1    to have snoopy snoops on the ground, you know, 

 2    checking the tanks where the water is held.  The 

 3    purpose of the legislation is so this company 

 4    understands that this is not a viable method for 

 5    the community and that we need to come up with 

 6    another alternative rather than this.  

 7                 And there are solutions that other 

 8    power plants have done during their 

 9    decommissioning.  They're not -- they're not 

10    always ideal.  Three Mile Island, we all remember 

11    what happened there.  They used evaporation.  The 

12    problem with evaporation is then the tritium 

13    falls with the rain.  

14                 Some places have tried storage in 

15    tanks.  The problem is you have to vent those 

16    tanks, so more tritium is released.  

17                 What happened in Vermont, which 

18    actually worked and looks promising is they mixed 

19    the water with clay and then it can be trucked -- 

20    there are a few nuclear waste sites, not for 

21    spent fuel rods but for light nuclear waste, and 

22    they use it there as a cap.  

23                 So there is a use for it, an end use 

24    for it, a location for it.  And so there are 

25    alternatives.  


                                                               6781

 1                 And it's interesting, when you look 

 2    at the political dynamics of people who are 

 3    calling for no dumping, that when you can get 

 4    Congressman Lawler and Congressman Bowman to 

 5    agree on something, it must be a powerful driving 

 6    issue, and that's what this is.

 7                 SENATOR STEC:   Will the sponsor 

 8    continue to yield, please.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR STEC:   So the plant's 

15    operated for 58 years, put 2 million gallons a 

16    year into the river.  You know, regulated all 

17    along.  They've got a million and a half gallons 

18    to deal with now.  It's about a 12-year process, 

19    I understand, to fully decommission this plant.  

20                 Obviously no one wants a blight on 

21    their community.  I've seen what happens when 

22    correction facilities are left unused and sitting 

23    in the -- you know, the community doesn't want to 

24    see a blighted property.  No one likes 

25    brownfields.  I'm sure the public really doesn't 


                                                               6782

 1    want to see a nuclear brownfield nearby.

 2                 Do you have concerns that either 

 3    litigation or the alternatives will change the 

 4    dynamic in a negative way that will drive either 

 5    cost or, perhaps more concerningly, the duration 

 6    of time to complete this process beyond 12 years 

 7    where this could be -- I mean, it's possible 

 8    something like this, if not done correctly here, 

 9    could set us up for a decade of litigation where 

10    nothing happens there.  I'm not sure that would 

11    be in the public's interest either.  

12                 So do you share any of those 

13    concerns?  Or how would you address those 

14    concerns?

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

16    Madam Chair.  Excellent question.  

17                 For one thing, there is plenty of 

18    work on the outbuildings that can continue to be 

19    done.  There are dozens of outbuildings on the 

20    campus that continue to be taken down.  There's 

21    the ISFSI pad where the spent fuel casks go, and 

22    the security and the construction around that.  

23    So there are still years' worth of work that can 

24    be done while a decision is made here.  

25                 The other thing is this -- you 


                                                               6783

 1    mentioned this has a 12-year window.  They have 

 2    two other active decommissioning projects that 

 3    were eight years, and they halted them for four 

 4    years to meet the 12-year timeline -- not because 

 5    of work interruptions but because the stock 

 6    market had gone down and the decommissioning 

 7    trust fund had lost value and they didn't want to 

 8    lock in those losses.

 9                 So there's a protection by having 

10    the 12-year versus the eight-year.  And so we're 

11    still optimistic that we can get this going.

12                 You also talk about the blight of a 

13    brownfield or a nuclear site.  And this is not a 

14    knock on this company, this is a knock on the 

15    federal government and the nuclear industry, as 

16    the Village of Buchanan will now be a nuclear 

17    waste site and waste dump forever.  All of the 

18    spent fuel rods will span a two-acre pad in a 

19    double-razor-wire fence that needs to be guarded 

20    24/7.  And that will be left in the Village of 

21    Buchanan.  

22                 So they can, to your point -- and 

23    it's a good point -- in a reasonable amount of 

24    time take down the reactors, take down the 

25    outbuildings, you have a beautiful property right 


                                                               6784

 1    on the Hudson River not impeded by railroad 

 2    tracks.  It's one of the few in Westchester like 

 3    that.  And are you going to put a hotel marina 

 4    there?  You can't.  Are you going to put condos 

 5    there?  You can't.  Who's going to do that kind 

 6    of development next to a nuclear waste site?  

 7                 SENATOR STEC:   Will the sponsor 

 8    continue to yield, please.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR STEC:   All right, thank 

15    you, Senator.  

16                 So you mentioned the Decommissioning 

17    Oversight Board.  I understand that you're a 

18    member of that board.  And the DOB has an 

19    independent technical nuclear expert, I believe 

20    his name is David Lochbaum --

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   (Inaudible.)

22                 SENATOR STEC:   -- and he's quoted 

23    as comparing the maximum dose from the liquid 

24    releases at Indian Point to a small fraction of 

25    what a banana -- and this is an independent 


                                                               6785

 1    expert, he's not the company.  But he's the DOB's 

 2    technical nuclear expert.  

 3                 I was wondering if -- what options 

 4    he has reviewed as far as removing this 

 5    1.5 million gallons through other alternatives.

 6                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  Number one, you know, this is 

 8    not -- again, it's not about the health and it's 

 9    not about the levels.  It's about the economic 

10    impact that the communities fear this will have.

11                 Dave Lochbaum has recommended -- 

12    he's evaluated the four that I spoke about.  

13    You've got discharge, you've got evaporation, 

14    you've got solidification -- and the one I didn't 

15    mention, which is probably the least desirable, 

16    is trucking or training across the country.  And 

17    there have been desert locations where it's 

18    forced down into the rock.  But I don't think 

19    anybody -- you know, given what's happened in 

20    Rockland County with the CSX train, that we trust 

21    rail to be taking nuclear waste.

22                 But Dave is actually -- for the next 

23    meeting he's working on another study and asking 

24    other independent experts to peer-review it.  So 

25    we're waiting to see the result of those 


                                                               6786

 1    recommendations.  

 2                 There -- as I said at the outset, 

 3    there are not a lot of great recommendations.  

 4    However -- and you don't have to answer this, 

 5    Senator.  I'm not trying to put you on the spot, 

 6    but -- 

 7                 SENATOR STEC:   (Inaudible.)

 8                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Thank you.  

 9                 Through you, Madam Chair, 

10    hypothetically.  The Senator represents a 

11    beautiful part of New York State -- the 

12    Adirondacks, Lake George area.  You know, it's 

13    just the psychological impact of restaurants and 

14    homeowners and hotels and businesses.  

15                 You know, along the Hudson, our 

16    municipalities have invested tens of millions of 

17    dollars.  Their revitalization is tied to the 

18    river.  So you take a beautiful spot like the 

19    Finger Lakes or Lake George or any of those -- or 

20    Skaneateles -- and all of a sudden the community 

21    hears that 1.5 million gallons of tritiated water 

22    are going to be released, and it causes panic.  

23    And that's the fear that folks have.

24                 SENATOR STEC:   I'm not sure there 

25    was a real question there for me to answer.  But 


                                                               6787

 1    if the sponsor would --

 2                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   No, what -- 

 3    through you, Madam Chair, there was no question.  

 4    It was a hypothetical.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Yes.  He 

 6    was complimenting your area.

 7                 SENATOR STEC:   I think he was.  And 

 8    I was going to take it that way.

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I'm 

11    complimenting your district.

12                 SENATOR STEC:   Or at least my 

13    district.  

14                 If the sponsor would continue to 

15    yield, please, Madam President.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR STEC:   No, Chairman, I 

22    truly appreciate that.  

23                 And again, I talked about previous 

24    life -- my previous life experiences.  And again, 

25    if nothing else, for your constituents watching 


                                                               6788

 1    at home, I'm trying to, if nothing else, allay 

 2    some of their concerns.  

 3                 But my present line of work is 

 4    similar to yours and everyone else's in this 

 5    room, and that's about being reactive to the 

 6    concerns of our constituents.  So I certainly 

 7    don't fault you or your constituents for having 

 8    questions.  99.5 percent of whatever is going to 

 9    be discharged into the Hudson has already been 

10    discharged into the Hudson.  

11                 Has the -- my question would be, did 

12    the independent technical expert recommend any 

13    options yet as far as removal?  Has he made a 

14    recommendation?

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

16    Madam Chair, his initial recommendation was the 

17    release into the river.  As you can imagine, that 

18    was not met with much enthusiasm by the 

19    community.  

20                 So that's one of the reason why he's 

21    going back to sharpen his pencil and look at the 

22    alternatives.  I believe our next meeting is next 

23    week.  Hopefully we will have those calculations 

24    and presentations.  

25                 But, you know, part of the 


                                                               6789

 1    problem -- you mentioned the banana scenario.  

 2    And again, that was not greeted by the community 

 3    well.  It was viewed as flip.  And so -- and I'm 

 4    not saying you were saying that.  What he was 

 5    saying.  

 6                 And so the issue is at the last 

 7    meeting we had the NRC and the EPA.  And I 

 8    specifically asked them about the their 

 9    standards, their health standards, and they were 

10    30 and 40 years old respectively.  It was the 

11    last time they reviewed them.  And the initial 

12    standards were developed during World War Two on 

13    single young men who were soldiers as part of the 

14    Manhattan Project.  That's how we got to our 

15    standards.  

16                 And the people in the community 

17    organized and got some independent physicians who 

18    would say there's no such thing as a safe level 

19    of tritium exposure.  And again, it's not about 

20    health and safety.  That's not what this bill is 

21    about.  It's about the economic vitality.  

22                 But so, you know, where the 

23    community is is you have experts on one side 

24    saying one thing and then there are experts on 

25    the other side who say another thing.  And then 


                                                               6790

 1    the void of data, of recent analysis from the EPA 

 2    and the NRC, that vacuum doesn't help.  

 3                 And the other thing I asked them was 

 4    what about cumulative impacts.  You know, we in 

 5    this room talk about legislation all the time 

 6    with differing substances.  We're exposed to 

 7    hundreds of chemicals a day.  And everyone always 

 8    talks about the minimum exposure level, but we 

 9    never talk about -- excuse me, please -- we never 

10    talk about the cumulative impacts on people, 

11    particularly vulnerable -- our children, women 

12    who are pregnant, the elderly.

13                 So -- so those are some of the 

14    concerns that are real.  Real or not, perception 

15    is reality, as you say in our business.  So 

16    again, what we're trying to do is prevent 

17    economic harm to the Lower Hudson Valley.  And 

18    hopefully through this legislation we can bring 

19    them back to the table and we can come up with 

20    some alternatives.

21                 SENATOR STEC:   If the sponsor would 

22    continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.


                                                               6791

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you.  I 

 4    certainly understand how the banana comparison 

 5    played.  I'll tell you, as a former technical 

 6    expert myself, not always strongest with people 

 7    skills.  And so it's very easy for somebody like 

 8    an engineer to walk into a room and make a 

 9    comment like -- of course the point with bananas 

10    are -- is bananas are radioactive as far as a 

11    source.  

12                 When I was in the Navy, they taught 

13    us that the amount of radiation exposure that I 

14    could expect to get working in a nuclear reactor 

15    setting was less than I would get if I lived in 

16    Colorado, because of the elevation.  Not because 

17    Denver, Colorado, is a particularly dangerous 

18    place, but because the elevation distance, the 

19    shielding that you got from less atmosphere 

20    increased your radiation exposure.  

21                 So again, you say "nuclear" to a lot 

22    of people, they think Hiroshima, Nagasaki, they 

23    think mushroom clouds.  And you're not going to 

24    change that, and I wouldn't want to argue with 

25    that.  So I -- like I said, as an elected 


                                                               6792

 1    official, I understand that challenge.

 2                 A couple of final real quick 

 3    questions, though.  The -- what has the 

 4    conversation with NRC and EPA -- I mean, they're 

 5    the ones that really preempt all this discussion.  

 6    What's the direction that they've had, the input 

 7    they've had to the DOB as far as where they think 

 8    this project is heading?  Are they agreeing with 

 9    the technical expert?

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Well, when it 

11    comes to -- when it comes to the health impacts, 

12    yes, the federal government does have preemption.  

13    And we have been also advised that not only by 

14    the NRC, but by the DEC and by the Attorney 

15    General's office.  They have all opined that it 

16    comes to health impacts, the feds have 

17    jurisdiction.

18                 However, the Atomic Energy Act has 

19    preemption language, and it says "Nothing in 

20    section shall be construed to effect the 

21    authority of any state" -- the authority of any 

22    state -- "or local agency to regulate activities 

23    for purposes other than protection against 

24    radiation hazard."

25                 And so when Pacific Gas was in the 


                                                               6793

 1    Ninth Circuit, the Ninth Circuit ruled in favor 

 2    of a ban of discharges based on economic impacts, 

 3    and the Supreme Court upheld that.  And so that's 

 4    the premise that we're going with this bill.

 5                 SENATOR STEC:   One final question, 

 6    if the sponsor would yield, please.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.  

12                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you.  

13                 If this legislation is signed into 

14    law, what would you hope that would happen at 

15    Indian Point as far as this pool -- you know, the 

16    spent fuel pool water, 1.5 million gallons.  What 

17    do you think is the better alternative?  

18                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

19    Madam President.  You know, it's a good question.  

20                 You know, it's really up to the 

21    experts and for Holtec and the community to work 

22    out a solution.  You know, what -- as I mentioned 

23    earlier, what they've done in Vermont is they've 

24    gone the solidification route.  Maybe there's a 

25    compromise in terms of reducing the amount of 


                                                               6794

 1    water released over a longer period of time.  

 2                 I think one of the things that set 

 3    the people off the most was they were going to do 

 4    it in the middle of the summer during peak 

 5    recreation season on the river.  And not only 

 6    were folks angry about that, then they came back 

 7    and said they were going to do it three months 

 8    earlier.  

 9                 So, you know, is there a way that if 

10    that is -- if the data shows that's absolutely 

11    the safest way, then let's do it in the winter.  

12    Let's -- you know, they're -- they're -- but 

13    that's up to the community and Holtec and the 

14    experts to work out.  I don't want to impose a 

15    solution from Albany.  I'm just representing the 

16    community and trying to be a bastion against what 

17    they view will cause harm to the economy in the 

18    area.

19                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you.  

20                 Madam President, on the bill 

21    briefly.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Stec on the bill.

24                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you.  

25                 Chairman, I'd like to thank you for 


                                                               6795

 1    the legislation, for your thoughtfulness.  Like I 

 2    said, I mean, we are all in the same business 

 3    right now.  We're trying to be responsive to our 

 4    constituents.  My own stretch of the Hudson River 

 5    a little bit upstream of yours.  PCBs.  GE, PCBs, 

 6    dredging, all that, that's just downstream of my 

 7    hometown, and that's a story.  Very real concern, 

 8    different concern, different history.  

 9                 If nothing else, I hope to allay 

10    some of your concerns and your constituents' 

11    concerns as to the risk.  

12                 With that said, you know what, I'm 

13    not in the business of arguing with anyone about 

14    the health of the water that their kids are 

15    swimming in.  Right?  So I understand that, and I 

16    respect where you're coming from.

17                 On an energy policy standpoint, I'm 

18    an "all of the above" person.  Seventy percent of 

19    France's electric energy is nuclear.  I think 

20    it's the direction that we're going to have to 

21    embrace eventually and we're going to have to get 

22    around some of our fears of past experience or 

23    the lack of knowledge.  

24                 I hope that this legislation works 

25    out.  I hope it does not delay the 


                                                               6796

 1    decommissioning of this.  Because there's risks 

 2    involved in that as well.  I certainly wish 

 3    you and the community well as you maneuver 

 4    through this.  

 5                 I'm going to support the 

 6    legislation.  But if nothing else, you know, I 

 7    really think that the direction that you're 

 8    heading is probably not an awful one.  But I 

 9    understand from a public -- from your 

10    perspective, it's difficult work, and I wish you 

11    well in doing that.

12                 Thank you, Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Are 

14    there any other Senators wishing to be heard?

15                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

16    closed.

17                 The Secretary will ring the bell.

18                 Read the last section.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

20    act shall take effect immediately.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Harckham to explain his vote.


                                                               6797

 1                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Thank you very 

 2    much, Madam President.  

 3                 I want to thank you, Senator Stec, 

 4    first of all for a very thoughtful debate, for 

 5    your service, and for our partnership and 

 6    collaboration on the Environmental Conservation 

 7    Committee this year.  We didn't always agree on 

 8    every issue, but the issues we did agree on I 

 9    think we got a lot of great work done.  I look 

10    forward to working with you again next year.

11                 I want to thank a lot of colleagues 

12    on both sides of the aisle, both in this chamber, 

13    locally, the five county executives who came 

14    together.  As Senator Stec mentioned, this is not 

15    an easy issue.  We've been trying to negotiate 

16    with Holtec in good faith.  We're trying to allay 

17    community fears.  So it is a challenge.  But 

18    people expect us to be their voice when it comes 

19    to these difficult issues.  And that's why we've 

20    landed, as we discussed, on this legislation.  

21                 So, you know, I'm proud to have 

22    worked with Assemblymember Levenberg, who is my 

23    partner on this.  This is the number-one issue 

24    for both of us here locally.  

25                 You know, I want to thank our 


                                                               6798

 1    central staff, Mike Press and Sylvie Sherlach 

 2    from my staff, among others, for assisting with 

 3    this.  

 4                 And this is going to be a process.  

 5    You know, as you said, it's not a -- this is not 

 6    going to be the cure-all.  It's going to be a 

 7    continual process.  And that's why we set up the 

 8    Decommissioning Oversight Board, so we can have 

 9    this dialogue on an ongoing basis.  

10                 So I thank colleagues for their 

11    support, and I vote aye.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

13    Harckham to be recorded in the affirmative.

14                 Senator Hinchey to explain her vote.

15                 SENATOR HINCHEY:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 I rise to thank the sponsor for this 

18    bill.  The 41st District represents a true 

19    Hudson Valley district.  I represent 

20    Greene County, Columbia County, parts of Ulster 

21    and parts of Dutchess.  Many of those communities 

22    line the Hudson River on both sides of the river.  

23                 The Hudson River is a beacon for our 

24    communities.  It is an economic driver.  It is a 

25    pristine, beautiful entity that runs right 


                                                               6799

 1    through our state.  And as someone who grew up 

 2    living on the Hudson River, swimming in the 

 3    Hudson River, I've seen also what a strong river 

 4    does for the economic vitality of our 

 5    communities -- watching the waterfronts be 

 6    revitalized over the last few decades has been a 

 7    game-changer for our communities.  

 8                 And the threat of what could happen 

 9    is not only scary but it's detrimental to the 

10    future of the Hudson Valley and those river 

11    towns.

12                 I want to thank the activists and 

13    the organizers in my district and all of our 

14    districts across the Hudson Valley for sounding 

15    the alarm, for being persistent in this fight, 

16    and for making sure that we don't just continue 

17    something that has been known as the status quo, 

18    and that we find better solutions to move forward 

19    and protect our communities.  

20                 Again, I thank the sponsor for this 

21    legislation, and I proudly vote aye.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Hinchey to be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick to 

25    explain her vote.


                                                               6800

 1                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 2    Thank you, Madam President.  

 3                 I think it's so interesting that 

 4    just a little while ago we were talking about the 

 5    coastline of Long Island and the Long Beach area, 

 6    and what we're producing and what we're doing to 

 7    our shoreline there by doing offshore wind.  And 

 8    here we are talking about preserving the Hudson.  

 9                 And my understanding -- and I 

10    certainly defer to Senator Harckham and 

11    Senator Stec, because they are well-versed in 

12    this area, but my understanding is that 

13    Indian Point was producing 2,000 megawatts of 

14    emission-free energy and electricity, and now 

15    we're trying to do something less than that off 

16    Long Island and will be doing some severe damage 

17    potentially to our coastline.  

18                 So I hope that we'll be thoughtful 

19    in the way that we are balancing our needs for 

20    energy and our protection of certain waterways, 

21    because I think they're all precious.  And I 

22    think we should be mindful of that in the things 

23    that we do going forward.  

24                 I am supporting this legislation.

25                 Thank you, Madam President.


                                                               6801

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 2    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick to be recorded in the 

 3    affirmative.

 4                 Senator Mayer to explain her vote.

 5                 SENATOR MAYER:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 And I rise to commend my colleague 

 8    Senator Harckham and my other colleague who's 

 9    here, Assemblywoman Dana Levenberg, together 

10    with, as Senator Harckham said, a bipartisan 

11    group of legislators, county executives, 

12    Congress members and, more importantly, activists 

13    who have rallied behind this bill and the effort 

14    to cease Holtec's distribution and emissions into 

15    the Hudson River.  

16                 You know, I'm proud to be a person 

17    who grew up in Yonkers and continues to live in 

18    the City of Yonkers, a city that has been rebuilt 

19    economically because it is on the Hudson River.  

20    The entire downtown of Yonkers has come back to 

21    life as the Hudson has come back to life, and it 

22    has created not only housing and economic 

23    activity and arts and entertainment, but a sense 

24    of vitality that comes from being along a river 

25    that is a place people can walk, enjoy and live.


                                                               6802

 1                 And so I'm so pleased that this bill 

 2    is moving today and is moving in the Assembly and 

 3    will send a very strong signal that there needs 

 4    to be a prohibition on this discharge, and we 

 5    need to find a solution that works so that the 

 6    economic engine of our county and our communities 

 7    can continue.  

 8                 I proudly vote aye.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

10    Mayer to be recorded in the affirmative.

11                 Senator Weber to explain his vote.

12                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 I also rise to thank 

15    Senator Harckham for his excellent work on this 

16    legislation.  You know, he's right.  You know, 

17    this was a bipartisan effort.  In the Hudson 

18    Valley, mostly all of the Republicans and 

19    democratic Senators and Assemblymen and -women 

20    and, you're right, county executives and various 

21    local officials all really supported this effort.  

22                 We all utilize these waterways, 

23    whether it's kayaking, whether it's swimming, you 

24    know, whether it's fishing.  You know, we all 

25    love the Hudson River for all of the different 


                                                               6803

 1    reasons that I mentioned.  

 2                 So I'm happy that we all unified 

 3    behind this issue because it's very important, 

 4    and I hope this, you know, sets the example for 

 5    other areas that -- you know, for the future.  

 6                 And you're right, we still have some 

 7    work to do in terms of really holding Holtec 

 8    accountable, or at least monitoring what they're 

 9    going to do with a lot of the stuff that they 

10    have left over there.  

11                 But, you know, I'm happy that we 

12    took this step forward, and I appreciate your 

13    efforts.  Thank you.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Weber to be recorded in the affirmative.

16                 Senator Rolison to explain his vote.

17                 SENATOR ROLISON:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.

19                 I want to thank my colleague 

20    Senator Harckham for shepherding this through 

21    this house, and our colleagues on the Assembly 

22    side.  

23                 And one of the things that this 

24    particular bill and the response to Holtec, it 

25    was almost immediate when we became aware, the 


                                                               6804

 1    public became aware of the discharge.  Regardless 

 2    if that had happened in the past, which we know 

 3    it did.  And I think the bipartisan support and 

 4    the bipartisan concern being so immediate, and 

 5    then the action being taken by so many of us -- 

 6    and again, Senator Harckham, thank you for 

 7    leading that as the Environmental chair, and it 

 8    also shows you the importance of that site, the 

 9    birthplace of the movement of trying to save the 

10    Hudson River right in that area dating back to 

11    the Con Ed pump storage along Cornwall.  

12                 So, Madam President, for all of 

13    those reasons and others, I'm proud to vote aye.

14                 Thank you.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Rolison to be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Announce the results.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

20    is passed.

21                 Senator Gianaris.

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

23    can we next move on to Calendar Number 1827, by 

24    Senator Myrie, for the next debate.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 


                                                               6805

 1    a substitution at the desk.  

 2                 The Secretary will read.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Myrie moves 

 4    to discharge, from the Committee on Rules, 

 5    Assembly Bill Number 1029C and substitute it for 

 6    the identical Senate Bill 7551A, Third Reading 

 7    Calendar 1827.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    substitution is so ordered.

10                 The Secretary will read.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    1827, Assembly Bill Number 1029C, by 

13    Assemblymember Cruz, an act to amend the 

14    Criminal Procedure Law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Lanza, why do you rise?

17                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, I 

18    believe there is an amendment at the desk.  I 

19    waive the reading of that amendment and ask that 

20    you recognize Senator Palumbo.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

22    you, Senator Lanza.  

23                 Upon review of the amendment, in 

24    accordance with Rule 6, Section 4B, I rule it 

25    nongermane and out of order at this time.


                                                               6806

 1                 SENATOR LANZA:   Accordingly, 

 2    Madam President, I appeal the ruling of the chair 

 3    and ask that Senator Palumbo be heard on the 

 4    appeal.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    appeal has been made and recognized, and 

 7    Senator Palumbo may be heard.

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 9    Madam President.  Good evening.  

10                 I rise to appeal the ruling of the 

11    chair because this proposed amendment is germane 

12    to the bill-in-chief, the Clean Slate Bill, as 

13    it's known.  

14                 This proposed amendment is not a 

15    strike and replace, it's just a new category that 

16    would be added to this, so it automatically seals 

17    law enforcement disciplinary records three years 

18    after a disposition, where there are no pending 

19    civilian complaints, disciplinary actions or 

20    pending civil cases, once the records are 

21    eligible for sealing.  

22                 And this is certainly relevant.  In 

23    fact, it's quite consistent, because as we've 

24    seen for quite some time now many iterations of 

25    this Clean Slate Bill that this is intended to 


                                                               6807

 1    help people in disadvantaged communities, people 

 2    with getting employment.  

 3                 And I'm going to give some stats 

 4    from 2020, NYPD's disciplinary case demographics:  

 5    52 percent of the NYPD officer discipline 

 6    identified as nonwhite; 47 percent identified as 

 7    white; 18 percent identified as female; 

 8    66 percent were at the rank of police officer; 

 9    and 14 percent were at the rank of detective.  

10                 And for those of you who don't know, 

11    if you have a disciplinary action on your police 

12    record as a member of law enforcement, you can't 

13    take civil service tests, I don't believe you can 

14    even get promotions.  So this is stifling 

15    individuals who may have had a disciplinary 

16    action against them in uniform and then who have 

17    reformed themselves.  

18                 So let's keep in mind that these 

19    individuals are moms and dads and husbands and 

20    wives and children and aunts and uncles.  These 

21    are individuals who too need to advance through 

22    their positions and advance in their employment 

23    to provide for their families.  And these are the 

24    individuals, of course, that go to work with a 

25    firearm and a bulletproof vest.


                                                               6808

 1                 So for those reasons, 

 2    Madam President, this amendment is certainly 

 3    germane to the bill-in-chief, and I ask that you 

 4    reconsider the ruling.  

 5                 Thank you.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 7    you, Senator.

 8                 I want to remind the house that the 

 9    vote is on the procedures of the house and the 

10    ruling of the chair.  

11                 Those in favor of overruling the 

12    chair, signify by saying aye.

13                 (Response of "Aye.")

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   Show of hands.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 21.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    ruling of the chair stands, and the bill-in-chief 

18    is before the house.

19                 Read the last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 10.  This 

21    act shall take effect one year after it shall 

22    have become a law.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Palumbo.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 


                                                               6809

 1    Madam President.  You're not getting away that 

 2    easy.  

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 5    yield for a few questions, please.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield? 

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Absolutely.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

12    Senator Myrie.  Nice to see you.  Good evening.  

13                 We've had these discussions now for 

14    a few years, so I'll try and keep it as tight as 

15    we can, to just talk about this newest version 

16    that has come to the floor.

17                 So generally speaking, there are 

18    some exceptions to the sealing, as we know.  And 

19    could you just please describe us to us in this 

20    version what the exceptions are, the types of 

21    crimes that would not be sealed under this 

22    automatic sealing document or bill and proposed 

23    legislation, please.  

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Madam President, the change -- and I'm just going 


                                                               6810

 1    to go through the changes from the bill that was 

 2    introduced earlier in January.  You and I had an 

 3    exchange on this floor during the budget, and so 

 4    I won't go through the previous iterations.  The 

 5    most significant carve-out, for lack of a better 

 6    phrase, is all Class A felonies, with the 

 7    exception of certain drug felonies.  

 8                 This builds on the exceptions for 

 9    violent sex crimes.  And to be clear, these are 

10    all individuals who have been convicted, who have 

11    served their time, and who would have had to 

12    remain charge-free for a certain period of time, 

13    depending on the crime.

14                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

15                 Madam President, will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield, please.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

23    Senator.

24                 And as far as those exceptions or 

25    when the clock would start on the now -- and just 


                                                               6811

 1    to be clear, it's three years for a misdemeanor 

 2    and now eight years for a felony, is that 

 3    accurate?  

 4                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, that's correct.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

 7                 Will the sponsor yield?  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.  

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

14    Senator.

15                 So in that regard, the clock to 

16    start the sealing time frame of either three or 

17    eight years, that starts upon release from 

18    supervision from parole?  We'll start with 

19    parole, I guess.  Is that how this works with 

20    this new bill?

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, the clock starts from release of 

23    incarceration -- excuse me one second.  

24                 Right, imposition of sentence, my 

25    apologies.


                                                               6812

 1                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield?  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  And I 

 9    jumped ahead of myself.  So if you're on parole, 

10    it can't be sealed.  Is that -- that's really a 

11    more accurate question.  

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

13    Madam President, that is correct.

14                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

15                 Will the sponsor continue to yield.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

22                 So -- and I appreciate the fact that 

23    it was clarified that A felonies are now 

24    excluded.  But virtually all A-1 felonies have 

25    lifetime parole anyway, isn't that accurate?  


                                                               6813

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, that is correct.  

 3                 And I would note that this was the 

 4    point that I made when we've had this exchange in 

 5    the past, and certainly have made this point when 

 6    speaking about this bill publicly.  There are 

 7    opponents of the bill who would bring up or go 

 8    through the list of these Class A felonies, and 

 9    my response would be in almost 98 percent of the 

10    time that individual would not be eligible for 

11    sealing.  

12                 But in order to clarify that and to 

13    allay some of those concerns, we made that more 

14    explicit in this iteration of the bill.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

16                 Will the sponsor continue to yield, 

17    please.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

24    Senator.  

25                 So then to be clear, under this 


                                                               6814

 1    version now, arson first degree, murder second 

 2    degree, essentially the -- well, all A-1s will 

 3    never be eligible for sealing.  Is that accurate 

 4    to say?  

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, not eligible for automatic 

 7    sealing under this statute.

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

 9                 Would the sponsor continue to yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   With respect to 

16    other violent felonies, for example -- and we've 

17    had this exchange before -- robberies and 

18    burglaries, even burglary first degree, are those 

19    still eligible for automatic sealing under this 

20    version of the bill?  

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, that is correct, after the 

23    criteria have been met.  

24                 And I would point to a point of 

25    clarification we've had on this floor.  If you 


                                                               6815

 1    run through all of these crimes, I think there is 

 2    a right sense of indignation.  There are some 

 3    things that shock the conscience that we say 

 4    there should be consequences for that.  

 5                 And I want to make clear on the 

 6    record that this does not in any way affect the 

 7    sentencing for those crimes.  And we have made a 

 8    determination, as a Legislature, as a society, 

 9    that if you commit that crime and if it is 

10    adjudicated and you are subsequently convicted, 

11    that the court decides what sentence is going to 

12    be.  

13                 And if we want to have a discussion 

14    about sentencing or sentencing reform, I'm more 

15    than happy to have that conversation, but this is 

16    not what this bill is about.  This is after an 

17    individual has already served the sentence that 

18    the court has determined.

19                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

20    Senator.  Would you continue to yield, please.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               6816

 1                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 2    Senator.

 3                 So -- and just to narrow it down, 

 4    I'm not going to go through every one of these.  

 5    You know, we've done this before.  So I just want 

 6    to make it clear and make it -- have our 

 7    colleagues understand the crimes that are still 

 8    eligible for the automatic sealing are crimes 

 9    like -- and just to name a few of the homicides, 

10    like criminally negligent homicide, manslaughter 

11    second degree, manslaughter first degree.  Those 

12    are still eligible for sealing under this new 

13    version that's before us today.  Isn't that 

14    accurate?  

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, it is.  

17                 And let me also take this 

18    opportunity for clarity for our colleagues, that 

19    the over 6.6 million convictions from 1980 up 

20    until 2019, 77 percent of those -- representing 

21    about 2.3 million people living in this state 

22    today -- 77 percent are misdemeanors, 23 percent 

23    are felonies.  

24                 And of those individuals with 

25    conviction records, the median amount of a 


                                                               6817

 1    conviction is one:  53 percent of those 

 2    individuals have only had one conviction.  

 3                 And here is what I think what is 

 4    most important for our colleagues and for the 

 5    public to know, is that half of the individuals 

 6    with a conviction record in this state -- that's 

 7    close to 1 million people -- their most recent 

 8    conviction, regardless of whether it was a 

 9    misdemeanor or it was a felony, was 20 years ago.  

10    Half of them, twenty years ago.  

11                 Twenty-six percent of them, their 

12    most recent conviction was between 11 and 

13    20 years ago.  So you put that together -- and I 

14    was joking about my lack of math skills, but I 

15    was able to do a little scribbling before this 

16    debate.  

17                 Seventy-three percent of people with 

18    conviction records in this state have remained 

19    crime-free for at least 10 years, regardless of 

20    what that conviction was for.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

22                 And would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6818

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 5    Senator.  

 6                 And in that regard, then -- and you 

 7    and I have had this discussion.  As you were 

 8    giving me those statistics, I thought of a 

 9    conversation you and I have had, we've discussed 

10    this often outside of this room.  We currently -- 

11    we made some amendments to the Criminal Procedure 

12    Law to allow application to a court to ask the 

13    judge, typically the sentencing judge, if they're 

14    still around, to seal a misdemeanor and a 

15    felony -- so you get two bites at the apple -- by 

16    way of a motion and an application to the court.

17                 Can you tell me why you felt that 

18    this was necessary?  Because -- and just to 

19    streamline it, I still believe you can use -- 

20    take advantage of this an unlimited amount of 

21    times.  Everything continues.  No matter how many 

22    convictions you have, they will be automatically 

23    sealed if you fit the criteria.  

24                 Why didn't we just make it automatic 

25    that the current law, where an application can be 


                                                               6819

 1    made, and give you two bites at the apple -- why 

 2    didn't we just make that automatic?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  And I would just underscore 

 5    that Senator Palumbo and I have had not just 

 6    discussions on this floor, but both in committee, 

 7    when Senator Bailey, by way of his chairmanship 

 8    of the Codes Committee, held a hearing on this 

 9    bill close to three years ago.  We've had this 

10    discussion.  I think it's a philosophical 

11    difference.  

12                 The reason why we want this to be 

13    automatic is that the current application process 

14    has proven to be too onerous and burdensome -- 

15    0.05 percent of individuals who are eligible have 

16    applied.  That means that we have work to do.  

17    And we thought that an automatic regime would be 

18    more effective.  

19                 And on the notion of the unlimited 

20    amount of convictions, I would point my 

21    colleagues again to the statistics that say the 

22    majority of individuals with conviction records 

23    only have one.  And if you average it out, it is 

24    three, but that is an average.  Right?  And so 

25    that means that there are individuals at the 


                                                               6820

 1    higher end, but the -- but 53 percent of them, 

 2    it's only one conviction.  

 3                 And I would again point to the 

 4    accountability measure in this bill that says it 

 5    only takes one charge to restart the clock.  If 

 6    you have served your sentence and you know that 

 7    in order to benefit from automatic sealing you 

 8    have to remain crime-free, and only one restarts 

 9    that clock, you have an incredibly high incentive 

10    to remain crime-free and to not get another 

11    conviction.  

12                 And that's why I have said, and I 

13    believe we probably disagree here, but this is a 

14    public safety bill.  Because once people know 

15    that they can benefit from this, there is an 

16    incentive for them to remain conviction-free.

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

18    Senator.  

19                 Would the sponsor continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

21    sponsor yield? 

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.


                                                               6821

 1                 And, you know, we've probably bored 

 2    a lot of people with the conversations that we 

 3    have outside of this room, you know, going around 

 4    and around with this.  It's always been cordial, 

 5    and I've always appreciated that very much.

 6                 Regarding those -- the clock 

 7    stopping or resetting events, you said new 

 8    charges in New York.  How about an out-of-state 

 9    charge or a new charge during that window, the 

10    three- or eight-year window in the federal court, 

11    will that stop the clock?  Or is that something 

12    that is accepted under this particular iteration?  

13    Because it previously was not.  

14                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  There is a change in this 

16    iteration.  But I want to clarify what that 

17    change is.  

18                 The requirement that we follow 

19    out-of-state charges is something that is a 

20    difficult thing to do for our court 

21    administrators, for our law enforcement 

22    officials, particularly if they don't have access 

23    to the federal networks or the local networks 

24    that would provide them with the information for 

25    the charges.  


                                                               6822

 1                 However, we did include a provision 

 2    in this bill that said should that capability 

 3    become available, that we would have to monitor 

 4    those out-of-state charges and, depending on what 

 5    the charge was -- we accept particular charges 

 6    around marijuana and reproductive health.  But if 

 7    that has happened within the last eight years, 

 8    provided that we have the capability to monitor 

 9    the charges, then it would restart the clock.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

11    continue to yield.

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

16    Senator.  

17                 And by way of an example, if someone 

18    has a pending -- has a conviction, they've been 

19    released from custody, I believe is when the 

20    clock would start, say on a misdemeanor DWI, and 

21    they got a DWI in New Jersey, would that stop the 

22    clock on the three-year automatic sealing under 

23    this new Clean Slate Bill?

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Madam President, if it's a felony and if we can 


                                                               6823

 1    get through that hurdle of implementation, having 

 2    the capability to follow the charge.

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 4    continue to yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 6    sponsor yield? 

 7                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Just so I'm 

11    clear, Senator, if it's a misdemeanor DWI, 

12    though, it does not, correct?  The New York 

13    charge would be automatically sealed anyway, 

14    despite the fact that a DWI is pending in 

15    New Jersey.  Is that accurate?  

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, that's correct.

18                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

19    continue to yield? 

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.  

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Moving on to 


                                                               6824

 1    access to these records, I see that there's a 

 2    list.  Is the list of those that can get access 

 3    to these records an exhaustive list, that if 

 4    they're not named in here then you're not allowed 

 5    to see them?  

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, mostly.  

 8                 There is a provision where we give 

 9    DCJS an ability to examine whether or not there 

10    should be some employers included in that.  

11                 But just for the edification of our 

12    colleagues and for the public, if you are 

13    authorized or mandated to fingerprint, you would 

14    have access to records.  Law enforcement, DAs, 

15    courts, their access to sealed records does not 

16    change at all.  

17                 We have also included, through 

18    feedback from stakeholders, a new caregiver 

19    provision that says if you are hiring someone to 

20    do work inside your home to take care of an 

21    elderly person or to take care of a child for 

22    more than 15 hours a week, you can conduct that 

23    background check.  And again, this was meant to 

24    allay concerns about work with sensitive 

25    populations.


                                                               6825

 1                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield, please.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And, Senator, 

 9    what would be the mechanism for someone, say, who 

10    is hiring a home health aide or somebody who is 

11    going to take care of a vulnerable person, how 

12    would they go about getting a background check on 

13    someone?

14                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  If it is through an agency, 

16    typically that is through the agency process, and 

17    they would have a mechanism to do that.  

18                 If it is not through an agency, that 

19    DCJS provision that I mentioned where they are 

20    tasked with promulgating regulations would allow 

21    for them to determine how they could get that 

22    background check.

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

24                 Would the sponsor continue to yield, 

25    please.


                                                               6826

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So if someone 

 7    chooses not to hire someone that has a prior 

 8    conviction, is there any sort of civil liability 

 9    in that regard with respect to declining 

10    employment as a result of a prior conviction?

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  That -- in that hypothetical, 

13    that employer may be running afoul of Article 23 

14    of our Executive Law that prohibits 

15    discrimination based on criminal records.  But 

16    that's not something that's contained within this 

17    bill.

18                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

19    continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

21    continue to yield? 

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 


                                                               6827

 1    Senator.  

 2                 And just as far as the overall 

 3    process, I'm trying to get a handle on -- and 

 4    really I'll just kind of cut to the chase, where 

 5    I'm trying to get a feeling for someone who might 

 6    have access -- for example, endangering the 

 7    welfare of a child, misdemeanor, automatic 

 8    sealing.  If I don't have a daycare center or a 

 9    licensed agency, but say I own a restaurant, a 

10    Chuck E. Cheese.  So just because that individual 

11    doesn't have so-called regular access to children 

12    doesn't mean they won't have the ability to harm 

13    a child because of that employment.  

14                 So some of that information I think 

15    would be important.  And this is where the rub 

16    has always been between us, that the issue of -- 

17    it's almost as if it's a gotcha.  The fact that 

18    we're hiding these, intentionally sealing these 

19    from an employer and making a -- making it a 

20    cause of action for damages in the event you 

21    improperly access these records -- I just want to 

22    find that distinction on the process of sealing.  

23                 And I'm going to talk a little bit 

24    about the overall -- the manner in which someone 

25    could access it or if there are any exceptions to 


                                                               6828

 1    access, if there are situations where down the 

 2    road maybe some judicial review could be 

 3    available or if there's an proper sealing of 

 4    records, what the relief is.  So that's kind of a 

 5    global area where I'll go in like the next 

 6    10 minutes, if I can.

 7                 But generally speaking, what 

 8    would -- what is the process of sealing that is 

 9    required in here?  Because I see that there are 

10    some mandatory requirements on law enforcement 

11    and district attorney's offices which I'll have a 

12    few questions on as well.

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  I don't want to ask you to 

15    yield, but I'm not sure of the exact question.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And if you would 

17    continue to yield, let me just clarify that. 

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   I'll tighten it 

21    up.   I just wanted to kind of give you a general 

22    idea and then try and maybe, you know, move 

23    through it quickly.

24                 But what is the process of sealing 

25    for law enforcement?  What is the mandatory 


                                                               6829

 1    process of sealing in this bill?

 2                 (Pause.)

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Just to be clear, 

 4    Senator Myrie, what would the -- really, what 

 5    items are sealed?  Like what -- that's kind of 

 6    what I'm looking for.  You know, it's 

 7    fingerprints, photographs, things like that.  

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  Any document or digital item 

10    associated with that file would have to be marked 

11    "sealed."  

12                 I would take this opportunity to 

13    note that in the first iteration of this bill, we 

14    didn't just have sealing, we had expungement.  

15    And expungement is the total destruction of the 

16    record.  And after consultation with district 

17    attorneys and law enforcement officials, we moved 

18    to a sealing regime and not an expungement, so 

19    that we can still allow for law enforcement to 

20    have access to those records.  It would just be 

21    marked "sealed" for most civil purposes.

22                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

23                 Would the sponsor continue to yield, 

24    please.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 


                                                               6830

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Is there any 

 6    mechanism in which someone who has a small 

 7    business and is looking to hire, for example, a 

 8    bookkeeper, is there any manner in which they can 

 9    access sealed records of someone to see if they 

10    have, you know, larceny convictions and so forth?  

11                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  If they do not meet the 

13    licensing mandate authorization requirement or if 

14    they are not explicitly mentioned in this bill, 

15    they would not.  

16                 And I think this is an important 

17    point.  We have -- I think the discussion around 

18    this boils down to what we view redemption as and 

19    what we view opportunity as.  And in the business 

20    context, it hasn't just been, you know, the 

21    Senator Myrie Show on Economic Opportunity, it 

22    has been Fortune 500 companies, it has been many 

23    Chambers of Commerce, it's been the largest 

24    financial institution in our nation, as well as a 

25    number of other businesses.  Who, by the way, 


                                                               6831

 1    aren't just hypothesizing about the ability to 

 2    give opportunity, but who themselves have had 

 3    experience hiring formerly incarcerated 

 4    individuals, who were saying, We support this 

 5    bill because in many instances these are some of 

 6    the best workers we get.

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 8    Senator.  

 9                 Will the sponsor continue to yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

11    continue to yield?  

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And I'm -- the 

16    time is moving quickly, so I'm going to move on 

17    to one little area, because we may have a few 

18    more questioners.

19                 There is one section, I was just 

20    looking to find it, that provides for a liability 

21    release for businesses.  And I just want to find 

22    it, if I could read the specific language.

23                 (Pause.)

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

25    Madam President.  Senator Palumbo, page 7, I 


                                                               6832

 1    think starting line 22.  

 2                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Very good.  It 

 3    was a race to see who could find it first.  Thank 

 4    you.  

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Pretty good counsel 

 6    on our side.

 7                 (Laughter.)

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   It's a battle.  I 

 9    think ours might be better, but we're not going 

10    to start that right now.

11                 Okay, in any civil action -- thank 

12    you for that -- "an official record of a 

13    conviction that has been sealed pursuant to this 

14    section may not be introduced as evidence of 

15    negligence against any person or entity that 

16    provided employment, contract labor or services, 

17    volunteer work, licensing, tenancy, a home 

18    purchase, a mortgage, an education, a loan, or 

19    insurance if such record was sealed and was not 

20    provided to the person or entity by or on behalf 

21    of a governmental entity in accordance with this 

22    section in response to such person's or entity's 

23    authorized and timely request for conviction 

24    history information."  They may not have a duty.  

25                 And the bottom line where my 


                                                               6833

 1    question is going is that we're essentially 

 2    providing immunity -- I'm assuming this is for a 

 3    negligent hiring case.  So if you have someone 

 4    who maybe has a history of violence, for example, 

 5    you stab someone, even if you shoot someone, 

 6    those are still sealable offenses.  Assault in 

 7    the first degree.  Stabbing, shooting, they don't 

 8    die.  Even attempted murder is a B.  So that's 

 9    not an A felony.  So attempted murder would get 

10    sealed under this statute after eight years if 

11    you meet the criteria.  

12                 And then you hire someone, and they 

13    assault a fellow employee or something happens.  

14    This is essentially granting a release to the 

15    employer.  And now there were some discussions 

16    we've had in previous iterations about the, you 

17    know, Business Council and other businesses 

18    coming out saying, We love this.  So I'm assuming 

19    there were conversations with them that I could 

20    see how they -- why they like it.  

21                 So my question is, why is this 

22    provision and this general immunity necessary in 

23    the event that, you know, what we've always been 

24    discussing, that this is a public safety bill.  I 

25    think you even said it today.  If this is a 


                                                               6834

 1    public safety bill, then why do we need to 

 2    provide immunity from liability to businesses 

 3    that may have an untoward result as a result of 

 4    hiring someone with a sealed conviction?  

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President.  And I appreciate the question.  

 7                 I would clarify that in the tragic 

 8    event that an individual would commit a crime -- 

 9    I'm assuming this would have to be connected with 

10    their employment, if we are in the negligence 

11    field, that it's not that the person would escape 

12    accountability.  That person would, one, have the 

13    clock start all over again.  Two, be subject to 

14    whatever penalty, after an adjudication of the 

15    facts, and they would suffer the consequences of 

16    that action.

17                 We are trying to encourage 

18    businesses to not have a very unlikely event 

19    prevent them from giving individuals economic 

20    opportunity.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

22                 Will the sponsor continue to yield.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield? 

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.


                                                               6835

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And thank you, 

 4    Senator.  

 5                 But in that regard, now, we are 

 6    denying justice for someone who has now suffered 

 7    a harm at the hand of someone and might 

 8    appropriately be able to seek relief from their 

 9    employer.  

10                 And my position has always been 

11    that's for the finder of fact to decide whether 

12    or not they were negligent in their hiring of 

13    this person.  But to outright deny the admission 

14    of that certificate of conviction under, I guess, 

15    B4518 or whatever the section is of the CPLR, to 

16    let it come into evidence, I disagree with.  And 

17    that's more of a comment than anything.  So we 

18    can agree to disagree on that.

19                 I only have one more area and -- 

20    hang on one second.  (Pause.)  I had a question 

21    just generally from an informational 

22    standpoint -- 

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Excuse me, 

24    Senator Palumbo.  Are you asking the sponsor to 

25    yield?


                                                               6836

 1                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Would the sponsor 

 2    continue to yield, please.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

 9                 Just from an informational 

10    standpoint, can someone -- if these records are 

11    sealed, and similar to -- and the question I 

12    think is in the context of like an ACOD where it 

13    renders the case annullity is in the statute -- 

14    can they deny that they've been convicted?

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Madam President.  So yes.  However, it is 

17    contextual.  So if the -- if they're in a new 

18    criminal case and that past conviction can be 

19    proffered as an element of that new alleged 

20    crime, then yes, they would have to admit to that 

21    and that would be looked into.  

22                 But for purposes of applying for 

23    employment or housing, they could -- they would 

24    not have to say that they were convicted.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And did you say 


                                                               6837

 1    they would not have to, for housing?  

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   They would not have 

 3    to.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

 5    Senator Myrie, thank you.  

 6                 On the bill, please, 

 7    Madam President.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Palumbo on the bill.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

11                 And I certainly appreciate -- as you 

12    folks heard, we have discussed this at length.  

13    And, you know, we've had -- we've agreed to 

14    disagree on some aspects for quite some time.  

15                 And this final version, 

16    unfortunately, Madam President, I can't support 

17    for a lot of those reasons that I discussed, and 

18    even a few more.  And let me give a few examples, 

19    if I may.

20                 The out-of-state conviction or 

21    pending case issue is still a bit of an issue.  

22    That was a concern, I think, from many district 

23    attorneys associations, law enforcement, and the 

24    general public.  

25                 But we still don't have a proper 


                                                               6838

 1    mechanism to make sure that there is possibly, 

 2    prior to sealing -- maybe you run a new 

 3    background check, run a new fingerprint NYSIIS.  

 4    You shouldn't have to just get this without 

 5    showing some type of rehabilitation or making an 

 6    effort of some kind.  Because you can continue to 

 7    get arrested and continue to get arrested and 

 8    continue to get arrested unlimited amounts of 

 9    time.  

10                 And that's why I've always said 

11    incrementally this might have been a good idea.  

12    We've seen criminal justice reforms that are not 

13    done incrementally that are done with a triple 

14    jump over the line -- I don't want to say the 

15    word bail reform, but I just did.  We have four 

16    iterations of that bill that I still think is bad 

17    for society and unsafe.  And that was -- 

18    reluctantly, there were changes made, and more 

19    needs to be done.

20                 So we can't jump at these ideas 

21    because there are certain things -- and I've said 

22    this on the floor.  Talk about discovery.  As a 

23    practicing lawyer for many years, there were 

24    changes that were needed, without question.  Even 

25    to bail, there were changes that I agree were 


                                                               6839

 1    certainly needed.  Just not the ones that we have 

 2    in front of us.

 3                 So I'm very concerned.  If you have 

 4    a cleaning service for homes, it would be good to 

 5    know -- you're not eligible under this particular 

 6    bill, but it would be good to know that the 

 7    person that's applying for the job has five 

 8    burglaries, or maybe even an armed robbery, a 

 9    home invasion robbery, that is sealable 

10    automatically under this.  

11                 And I think we should all -- we 

12    absolutely want people to be rehabilitated.  I've 

13    said this many times as someone who's been 

14    involved with the criminal justice system as a 

15    prosecutor, my dad was a homicide detective.  It 

16    is about compassion.  We don't want people -- 

17    nobody feels good about prosecuting someone and 

18    sending them to jail or seeing another victim 

19    come into their office.  That's not fun.  

20                 The point of our system is to get 

21    people back on the right track, and I agree.  

22    This, unfortunately, is too excessive.  It's 

23    somewhat vague in some circumstances -- I think 

24    the ability for DCJS to have the opportunity to 

25    maybe make some decisions about if someone fits 


                                                               6840

 1    the criteria.  But we need to start expansively 

 2    and then to move it in slowly until we find that 

 3    right balance.  And that's always been my 

 4    concern.  

 5                 And lastly, when it comes to a 

 6    liability release, that's the sort of thing that 

 7    I do not think is good for us in any 

 8    circumstance.  Because businesses can hire people 

 9    with felony convictions today.  They don't even 

10    need to make their application.  You can do it 

11    all day.

12                 So this isn't an impediment so much 

13    on someone who's walking around with a stigma for 

14    the rest of their lives.  And I know it's my 

15    opinion, but the person that is truly suffering 

16    because of a conviction from 20 years ago will 

17    make the effort under our current statute to go 

18    back to court, maybe even get Legal Aid assigned 

19    if they had to, but to make a simple motion -- 

20    which is a free filing fee -- in the criminal 

21    court in order to get that prior conviction 

22    sealed.

23                 So -- and again, I have a lot of 

24    respect for the sponsor.  We've been talking 

25    about this for years.  And the statistics he 


                                                               6841

 1    provided, I don't dispute them.  And that's great 

 2    news that there are people -- that the 

 3    overwhelming majority of people have one or two 

 4    convictions.  

 5                 But that's the point, 

 6    Madam President.  That's why we made those 

 7    changes.  Because the people who are living their 

 8    life in accordance with the rules of society -- 

 9    everybody stubs their toe.  Many people, more 

10    than once.  But eight, nine, 10 times?  

11    Eventually, accountability has to set in.  

12                 And for those reasons I'll be voting 

13    no, and I urge my colleagues to do the same.

14                 Thank you, Madam President.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

16    Murray -- oh, sorry.  Senator Weber. 

17                 SENATOR WEBER:   Madam President, 

18    would the sponsor yield for some questions?

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  Thank 

25    you, Senator Myrie.  Just a few questions that 


                                                               6842

 1    I'd like to just, you know, have a conversation 

 2    with you about.  

 3                 Is there a limit to the number of 

 4    convictions that can be sealed?  

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, there is not.  

 7                 But I would repeat the refrain that 

 8    it only takes one charge to restart the clock.  

 9    And so the likelihood that an individual who has 

10    already served their sentence, who has had to 

11    remain conviction- and charge-free for a certain 

12    amount of time, who has been denied economic, 

13    educational, housing opportunities -- the 

14    likelihood that that individual is going to put 

15    their ability to access these things at risk is 

16    incredibly, incredibly low.

17                 SENATOR WEBER:   Through you, 

18    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

19    yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR WEBER:   So thank you for 


                                                               6843

 1    that answer.

 2                 Would a landlord, for example -- you 

 3    know, there's a lot of mixed-use properties 

 4    where, you know, there could be a childcare 

 5    center downstairs and residential units upstairs.  

 6    Would a landlord have access to someone's records 

 7    that are sealed?

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  If they are sealed, they will 

10    not have access to that.

11                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

12                 Madam President, would the sponsor 

13    continue to yield?

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay, thank you.  

20                 And, you know, some of the 

21    additional questions I've heard from district 

22    attorneys -- and I'm sure you've heard from 

23    similar ones in the past -- is, you know, a lot 

24    of crimes, especially felonies, are 

25    plea-bargained down to, say, misdemeanors.  


                                                               6844

 1    Right?  And it's becoming more and more common, 

 2    especially in New York City with DA Braggs kind 

 3    of -- his office has kind of gone in that 

 4    direction.  

 5                 Does that concern you, that there 

 6    are people that are really violent that really 

 7    plead down to, you know, less violent crimes just 

 8    for the convenience of the court, that their 

 9    records will be sealed and their -- you know, 

10    they'll be out or at least sealed in a quicker 

11    fashion?

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  I think my colleague on the 

14    other side is actually making a good point about 

15    the current state of affairs in our criminal 

16    legal system.  Almost 98 percent of outcomes are 

17    driven not by a trial, but by plea.  

18                 And if we want to have a 

19    conversation about whether we should reduce the 

20    amount of pleas that drive the system and whether 

21    we should be having more trials or that we should 

22    be having more extensive adjudication, I am very 

23    willing to have that conversation.  

24                 And I would also note that this 

25    isn't just limited to one DA in one particular 


                                                               6845

 1    borough, but that's for the entire state:  

 2    98 percent are adjudicated by guilty pleas.  And 

 3    that is the system that we have.  That is the 

 4    system that we have set up, where you're presumed 

 5    innocent, and then you go through the process and 

 6    you reach to a conviction.  

 7                 The system does concern me because 

 8    it is overwhelmingly done by pleas.  But it does 

 9    not concern me as it relates to this, because the 

10    process has already played out and you have 

11    served your sentence according to that process.  

12                 If the DA in a hypothetical is 

13    pleading down or offering to plead down a 

14    particular charge, I think your issue might be 

15    with the DA even offering that in the first 

16    place.  There is a reason why they do that, and I 

17    think that that's a conversation that I'm happy 

18    to have at a later tame.

19                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

20                 And through you, Madam President, 

21    will the sponsor continue to yield?

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 


                                                               6846

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR WEBER:   Staying with 

 3    district attorneys, you know, there's a lot of 

 4    district attorney's offices, especially in the 

 5    outer boroughs, outside of the big cities, 

 6    that -- you know, they're small, right?  And it 

 7    will be very burdensome and very costly for them 

 8    to go through the whole process of sealing.  

 9                 Has there been any consideration in 

10    terms of funding to help out those offices deal 

11    with that?

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  In our conversations with the 

14    other house and with the Executive, the estimates 

15    are around 10 to 20 million on what it would 

16    cost.  

17                 I would also note that in our 

18    one-house we proposed to add money in for the 

19    implementation of this.  

20                 And I would also note, while we are 

21    speaking of DAs, that the Brooklyn district 

22    attorney, the Manhattan district attorney, the 

23    Queens district attorney, and the Bronx district 

24    attorney have all said on the record that they 

25    support the Clean Slate Act.


                                                               6847

 1                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

 2    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 3    yield?

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR WEBER:   I didn't hear the 

10    full entire -- the list.  But my question was 

11    really geared towards a lot of the smaller 

12    jurisdictions, the smaller district attorneys.  

13                 Have they also indicated their 

14    support for this?  

15                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

16    Madam President.  The only district attorneys 

17    that have indicated their support publicly were 

18    the ones that I just listed.  

19                 But I take your point on the smaller 

20    offices and their need for resources, and we 

21    would be happy to provide and support that by way 

22    of appropriation, just as we have for some of the 

23    other changes to the criminal legal system over 

24    the past couple of years.

25                 SENATOR WEBER:   Right, thank you.  


                                                               6848

 1                 And through you, Madam President, 

 2    will the sponsor continue to yield?

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR WEBER:   In terms of -- I 

 9    heard some conversations with Senator Palumbo 

10    before regarding, you know, bookkeepers and, you 

11    know, the concern about employers not having 

12    access to records for people who have been, you 

13    know, convicted of a financial crime.  

14                 But getting past that, if a company 

15    does, say, a Google search -- you know, a lot of 

16    companies do not only background checks, whether 

17    they use these private services or ADP.  If 

18    people do Google searches or other independent 

19    searches, and based on those searches decide not 

20    to hire somebody who has their record sealed, 

21    what happens in that situation?  

22                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  They are potentially liable, 

24    not under the Clean Slate Act, but under a law 

25    that is already on the books in Article 23 of the 


                                                               6849

 1    Executive Law that prohibits discrimination based 

 2    on criminal history.

 3                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  Thank you.  

 4                 And through you, Madam President, 

 5    will the sponsor continue to yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 7    continue to yield?  

 8                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you for that 

12    answer.  

13                 And I have a question regarding -- 

14    one second.  There's some language in there 

15    regarding, you know, obviously law enforcement 

16    and other related agencies have access to certain 

17    sealed records -- for those sealed records.  Was 

18    there ever any consideration to having other 

19    areas or other type of employers or potential 

20    employers having access to such records?  

21                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, this has been I'd say at the 

23    center of this conversation, the notion that a 

24    business or a potential employer should have 

25    access to records regardless of whether that 


                                                               6850

 1    touches on the nature of the employment and 

 2    whether that might impact their decision making.  

 3                 And I think the core of this bill is 

 4    that you should not be serving this punishment in 

 5    perpetuity based a conviction that you've already 

 6    served your time for.  And I know that we're not 

 7    going to agree on this philosophically.  But what 

 8    we -- what I and many of the supporters of this 

 9    bill believe, including our business community, 

10    is that you are not the worst thing that you've 

11    ever done.  

12                 And the numbers bear this out, that 

13    individuals even with the most severe records, 

14    the most severe offenses, are highly unlikely to 

15    reoffend and to commit those again.  If there is 

16    anyone that has an appreciation for the 

17    consequences of their actions, it is an 

18    individual who has served their time and who has 

19    subsequently remained charge-free.  

20                 So, you know, I keep coming back to 

21    that because, you know, I think we're going to 

22    continue to have the questions about who should 

23    have access and when.  And what we have done in 

24    this bill is say that if you work with 

25    particularly vulnerable populations, that you -- 


                                                               6851

 1    or if you're mandated or authorized to 

 2    fingerprint, then you should have access.  And I 

 3    think we can understand that conceptually, why 

 4    that is important.  

 5                 We've gone even a step further.  

 6    When the State Education Department reached out 

 7    to us and made known their concerns about access 

 8    to their records, we made extensive amendments on 

 9    the licensing requirements, the professional 

10    misconduct requirements, other occupations within 

11    the Education Department that deal primarily with 

12    children.

13                 So we are cognizant that this -- 

14    that the notion that vulnerable populations 

15    should continue to have access, that is something 

16    that is in this bill.  And in addition, what I 

17    mentioned to Senator Palumbo, some latitude with 

18    the Division of Criminal Justice Services to make 

19    some determinations down the road.

20                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

21    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

22    yield?

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield?

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.


                                                               6852

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR WEBER:   Kind of where I was 

 4    going with this, and kind of where I was kind of 

 5    trying to merge the two things together in terms 

 6    of when I was talking about, you know, the 

 7    progression of crimes being, you know, downgraded 

 8    by various district attorneys around the state, 

 9    and also who has access, you know, what kind of 

10    business would have access to records.  

11                 You know, there's cases that I'd be 

12    concerned about, you know, if you have a private 

13    daycare center and you have people that drive 

14    private buses for those daycare centers, and you 

15    have people that -- maybe a husband assaults his 

16    wife or he abuses a kid.  And what we've seen 

17    with various district attorneys downgrading a lot 

18    of these crimes, right, that being sealed and 

19    that person being able to drive that bus in that 

20    hypothetical private daycare center and not 

21    having the access to know what that person's 

22    violent background -- not what it was pled down 

23    to, but what that really -- that person's real 

24    violent, you know, background is.

25                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 


                                                               6853

 1    Madam President.  I'm assuming the question is 

 2    just to respond to what the concerns were.  

 3                 I'd say first, in the driving 

 4    context, that all of those remain accessible.  

 5    Anything that touches on the traffic or vehicle 

 6    law, any violations of the Vehicle and Traffic 

 7    Law will remain accessible.  DMV must provide 

 8    access to those records.  

 9                 And I'd say, more broadly, that I 

10    think, Senator Weber, your concern is with the 

11    process by which DAs plead down and not with this 

12    bill.  Because this bill does not touch on 

13    what -- how the adjudication happens or how that 

14    outcome is arrived at.  This deals with after 

15    that has been determined and after the conviction 

16    and sentence has been served.  

17                 I would reiterate that I'm happy to 

18    have a conversation about how we can change that 

19    process, how we might be able to make it more 

20    fair.  And, you know, I think you're saying there 

21    should be more accuracy in what the charges are 

22    or what the conviction and sentence is.  I'm 

23    happy to have that conversation.  This bill 

24    doesn't touch on that process at all.

25                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay.  Thank you.  


                                                               6854

 1                 And through you, Madam President, 

 2    will the sponsor continue to yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:  Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR WEBER:   Here's a question 

 9    that probably my daughter would kill me if I 

10    didn't ask.  But for like animal abuse crimes, 

11    are they eligible for sealing?

12                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

13    Madam President, yes.

14                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay, thank you.  

15                 And through you, Madam President, 

16    will the sponsor continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    sponsor yields.  

22                 SENATOR WEBER:   Would an animal 

23    shelter or a veterinarian's office be able to 

24    access a sealed animal abuse conviction for a 

25    prospective employee or volunteer?  


                                                               6855

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, if the record is sealed and that 

 3    shelter does not have authorization or a mandate 

 4    to fingerprint, they would not have access.

 5                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

 6    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 9    continue to yield?

10                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.  

14                 You know, that's obviously 

15    concerning.  You know, when you watch all of 

16    these police shows and crime shows, you know, 

17    obviously people that abuse animals are more -- 

18    you know, more apt to continue that crime in a 

19    more violent way against, you know, humans.  

20                 So, you know, was that ever 

21    considered or a question throughout the process 

22    about, you know, the -- how -- you know, people 

23    that are inclined to abuse animals or have 

24    something wrong and are going to probably commit 

25    further crimes throughout their lifetime?  


                                                               6856

 1                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, I will not speculate about 

 3    future crimes or someone's propensity to commit a 

 4    crime.  We actually have a lot built into our 

 5    legal system, particularly in the evidence 

 6    context, about using past convictions as a 

 7    forecast into an individual's propensity to 

 8    commit a future crime.  

 9                 But I'll say that animal abuse is 

10    abhorrent.  None of us support that.  And no one 

11    should abuse an animal.  We have a system set up 

12    in place such that if you are found guilty of 

13    abusing an animal, you will suffer the 

14    consequences.  

15                 And if we want to have a discussion 

16    about, you know, animal shelters or entities 

17    dealing directly with animals requiring 

18    background checks or being authorized to use 

19    background checks for their employees, we can do 

20    that.  We can -- or you can introduce a bill, and 

21    we can go through the democratic process of 

22    determining whether or not that is an employer 

23    that should have that type of access.  

24                 But as it stands now, they do not, 

25    and so they would not have access to those sealed 


                                                               6857

 1    records.

 2                 SENATOR WEBER:   Okay, thank you.  

 3                 Thank you, Sponsor.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 5    Murray, why do you rise?

 6                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  I'd like to go on the bill, 

 8    please.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

10    Murray on the bill.

11                 SENATOR MURRAY:   Thank you.  

12                 So first I wanted to say that I 

13    appreciate my colleagues Senator Palumbo, 

14    Senator Weber, digging deep into the bill and 

15    getting into the details and the crux of all the 

16    different details, all the different crimes and 

17    things like this.  

18                 I think I'm going to take a little 

19    different approach, rather than going into the 

20    details of the bill.  What I want to talk about 

21    is the message that we are sending to New Yorkers 

22    through this bill and other bills that have 

23    passed recently, particularly the message that 

24    we're sending to crime victims and the loved ones 

25    and the family members of crime victims.  


                                                               6858

 1                 So in a previous debate the Senator 

 2    had mentioned something about the perception or 

 3    the appearance of doing harm to families, and I 

 4    believe he was quoted as saying "perception is 

 5    reality."  Well, the perception we are sending 

 6    and have been sending over the past couple of 

 7    years to crime victims, the reality that they see 

 8    is that we just don't care.  That the criminals 

 9    matter so much more.  

10                 And let me be clear.  We're not 

11    talking about accused, we're talking about 

12    convicted criminals, those that have either pled 

13    guilty or those that have been found guilty by a 

14    jury of their peers or by the judge.  They were 

15    guilty, they committed the crime.  And what 

16    crimes are we talking about?  Manslaughter, 

17    vehicular homicide, vehicular assault, other 

18    assaults -- gang assaults, assaults on police 

19    officers, attempted murder in the second degree.  

20    I named those -- I'm not going to go down the 

21    whole list.  

22                 I named those because the one thing 

23    that all of those crimes have in common is each 

24    one had a victim.  Somebody was either killed or 

25    somebody was hurt.  They had a victim who 


                                                               6859

 1    suffered, a completely innocent person who did 

 2    nothing wrong and their life was changed forever 

 3    by this.  Or they're not here with us anymore, 

 4    their life was taken.  And they did nothing 

 5    wrong.  

 6                 The criminal chose to commit the 

 7    crime.  The criminal said, your life doesn't 

 8    matter.  The criminal said, I want your property.  

 9    I want what you have, and you don't deserve it.  

10    I'm just going to take it, and I don't care what 

11    you think.  I don't care what you feel.  I don't 

12    care of the impact to you or your family.  I 

13    don't care.  I want it.  I'm going to do it.

14                 They made the decision to commit the 

15    crime.  The victim didn't.  The victims had no 

16    choice.  But guess what the victims don't get?  

17    They don't get a second chance.  They don't get a 

18    clean slate.  They don't get to seal their 

19    memories away.  They're going to relive it over 

20    and over again.  You know how I know?  Because 

21    I've spoken to them.  

22                 A little earlier this year I went to 

23    a vigil for the Long Island parents and other 

24    survivors of murder victims, where we sat in a 

25    room full of grieving people, family members, 


                                                               6860

 1    loved ones, spouses, sisters, brothers, friends.  

 2    And we sat and listened as they read off the 

 3    families of over 600 murdered victims.  Everyone 

 4    in that room had the same thing in common.  They 

 5    were in pain, and they knew that pain will never 

 6    go away.  It won't be sealed, it won't be erased.  

 7    They don't get a second chance.  They will relive 

 8    it over and over again.

 9                 You know, I've heard where some 

10    groups that have supported this bill -- and I had 

11    heard in previous -- not tonight, I didn't hear 

12    it tonight, but I've heard previously there was 

13    mention that some crime victims groups -- let me 

14    be clear.  Those are crime victims groups, groups 

15    that offer services to crime victims, and they 

16    support it.  There were no actual victims that 

17    supported it.  

18                 In fact, Jennifer Harrison is the 

19    executive director of Victims Rights New York.  

20    There was a Zoom or some sort of a meeting that 

21    was held online where you could go on and talk 

22    about Clean Slate, so she logged on.  And when 

23    she tried -- identified herself and tried to ask 

24    a question, she was muted and not allowed to even 

25    ask the question.  That was very interesting.


                                                               6861

 1                 But when I was at that vigil and I 

 2    talked to these family members, first I spoke 

 3    briefly, gave my condolences, told them how sorry 

 4    I was to them.  But their questions to me is, 

 5    What are you guys thinking up there?  Why is it 

 6    all about the criminals?  What about us?  

 7                 Why would they say that?  Well, let 

 8    me see.  Cashless bail we've approved.  Raise the 

 9    Age.  Raise the Age, where we raised the age of 

10    criminal responsibility because, you know, if 

11    they're under 18, they didn't know any better, 

12    they're just kids.  You know, like the 14- and 

13    15-year-olds in Mastic Beach this past summer 

14    that broke in and brutally beat and raped a 

15    woman.  Ah, but they were just kids, right?  So 

16    they went to Family Court.  That woman will 

17    never, ever be the same.

18                 Again, we talk about the victims and 

19    the perception.  Go to Less is More, where it's 

20    harder now to violate someone who gets out on 

21    parole and can't even follow the directions of 

22    what they're supposed to do.  Oh, you failed a 

23    drug test?  Ah, don't worry about it, no big 

24    deal.  Oh, you failed to report to your parole 

25    officer?  Ah, we'll let you slide.  Because 


                                                               6862

 1    you -- you need a second chance.  No problem.

 2                 And now we're talking about 

 3    Clean Slate.  Again, the message we are sending 

 4    to these poor victims is appalling.  And you 

 5    can't -- you can't blame them.  You hear 

 6    stories -- when I was there, I heard stories -- 

 7    and believe me, these are real.  The family that 

 8    split up because the woman was so petrified after 

 9    a violent home invasion where they beat her and 

10    they separated the family and she didn't know if 

11    their kids were going to get killed, she didn't 

12    know if she was going to get raped.  But she gets 

13    beaten.  And she's so petrified, and she relives 

14    the trauma over and over, that she can never be 

15    intimate with her husband again.  They end up 

16    divorcing, splitting up.  

17                 Do they get to start over?  Do they 

18    get a clean slate?  These are real stories.  

19    These really happened.  

20                 Or the children that see their 

21    parents in a carjacking or, again, a violent home 

22    invasion, and they grow up harming themselves, 

23    cutting themselves, harming, doing things to 

24    themselves because they're trying to deal with 

25    the trauma that they can't erase from their 


                                                               6863

 1    minds.  Do they get a second chance?  Do they get 

 2    a clean slate?  No.

 3                 Earlier the sponsor was giving out 

 4    some stats.  Let me give you a couple of stats.  

 5    One hundred percent of the murder victims will 

 6    not get a second chance.  One hundred percent of 

 7    the loved ones and family members and sisters and 

 8    brothers will not get to see or will not get over 

 9    the crime that was committed to their loved one.  

10    One hundred percent.  Now, that is a stat we 

11    should be thinking about.  

12                 So when you think about, when you're 

13    voting on this bill tonight, think about the 

14    message we're sending to the crime victims.  

15    Because, listen, with all this, the cashless 

16    bail, the Raise the Age, Less is More, we've got 

17    more and more crime victims these days.  And the 

18    message we're sending to them is:  Get over it.  

19    They deserve the second chance:  Just deal with 

20    it.  

21                 For that reason, there's no chance I 

22    will be voting for this bill.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

24    Borrello, why do you rise?

25                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   On the bill, 


                                                               6864

 1    Madam President.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 3    Borrello on the bill.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  

 6                 We've heard a lot of talk this 

 7    evening, and I can tell you that I do believe in 

 8    giving someone a second chance.  And when I say 

 9    that, I'm not just saying that.  I have employed 

10    people who have been formerly incarcerated.  So 

11    when I say I believe it, I don't just talk the 

12    talk, I walk the walk.  

13                 I have somebody in my employ right 

14    now who was formerly incarcerated.  But I knew 

15    full well, going in, what that person's 

16    background was, what they did.  But I'm a small 

17    business owner, and I have the right to have that 

18    judgment, with full knowledge.  

19                 So when you talk about right now who 

20    is currently employing formerly incarcerated 

21    people here in New York State, you know who it 

22    is?  It's small business owners like me.  It's 

23    not those big corporations.  It's not the people 

24    that all of a sudden now jumped out of the 

25    woodwork to say "We support this."  No, it's 


                                                               6865

 1    people like me.  

 2                 So we have to ask ourselves, why all 

 3    of a sudden do we have this turnaround -- the 

 4    Business Council, so forth.  Well, I really 

 5    believe it has a lot to do with this civil 

 6    liability shield.  Now, this applies to 

 7    everyone -- small business, big business, 

 8    individuals.  I get that.  

 9                 But if you're a small business owner 

10    and you hire someone that you have no knowledge 

11    of what they have done, and something goes wrong, 

12    chances are it's going wrong to you or your loved 

13    one, the family member that works in your 

14    business, or the people that you know.  

15                 What happens if it goes wrong, you 

16    know, at an Amazon warehouse, a guy who has a 

17    history of violence assaults a fellow worker in 

18    the Amazon warehouse?  Well, you think Jeff Bezos 

19    gives a -- damn?  No.  But he wants that 

20    liability shield.  He wants to be protected from 

21    having to pay the price.

22                 But for me or my fellow small 

23    business owners, that really doesn't matter.  

24    Because the damage that will be done has more to 

25    do with anything but money.  It has to do with 


                                                               6866

 1    the impact it's going to have on the people that 

 2    I know and love and work with every day.

 3                 You know, I hear a lot from my 

 4    colleagues on the other side of the aisle about 

 5    the Republican Party is the party of big business 

 6    and corporations.  Well, I would say that this is 

 7    a big gift to those big corporations.  In fact, 

 8    I've been here for three years.  I don't remember 

 9    ever giving anyone kind of a civil liability 

10    shield, do you?  When was the last time we gave 

11    anybody a civil liability shield from this 

12    Legislature?  In fact, we probably passed a 

13    hundred bills that have a private right of 

14    action.  This bill has a private right of action.  

15    We actually incubate civil liability lawsuits 

16    here in this chamber.  That's really what we do.  

17                 And that's my concern.  The folks 

18    that are in favor of this all of a sudden, 

19    they're not being altruistic.  They're being 

20    opportunistic.  

21                 But at the end of the day, this is 

22    not good for business.  And I know I'm hearing, 

23    yes, it is, there's a million people right now 

24    that have convictions.  Because these big 

25    corporations, they could hire them right now.  It 


                                                               6867

 1    was mentioned earlier, there's literally nothing 

 2    stopping any of those businesses from hiring a 

 3    formerly incarcerated person.  I do it, other 

 4    small business owners do it.  

 5                 They have policies against it, 

 6    because it's going to cost them money if 

 7    something goes wrong.  Now it won't.  But the 

 8    emotional impact of something going wrong isn't 

 9    going to be visited upon those folks sitting in a 

10    board room a thousand miles away.  And that's the 

11    problem with this.  If these folks were all in, 

12    they would have done this without a civil 

13    liability shield.  If they were so altruistic, 

14    they would have done it without that protection.  

15    But they're not.  And that's the problem with 

16    this bill, in my opinion.  

17                 So what are we going to get from 

18    taking this giant risk?  Are we going to be 

19    tracking the statistics, the workforce 

20    participation rate?  Is it going to go up?  Are 

21    we going to see, all of a sudden, all these open 

22    positions filled because we have a million 

23    New Yorkers that can't work because of a prior 

24    criminal conviction?  Maybe, maybe not.  But I 

25    don't think there's anything in this bill that 


                                                               6868

 1    actually asks us to track that information, to 

 2    see if the risk we're taking actually pays off 

 3    for New York.  

 4                 Are we going to see lower rates of 

 5    recidivism?  Because right now they're going up, 

 6    not down.  Will we see lower rates of recidivism 

 7    in New York State as a result of this bill?  I 

 8    suspect we won't.  But then again, no one's going 

 9    to actually look to see that if that actually 

10    happened.  That's not required in this bill.  

11                 So there's a lot of flaws that have 

12    been pointed out.  But at the end of the day, I 

13    do believe in a second chance.  But with this 

14    bill and the unlimited number of times that 

15    people get, I don't believe in a 22nd chance.  So 

16    I'll be voting no.

17                 Thank you, Madam President.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

19    Martins, are you desiring to speak on the bill?

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   (Inaudible.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Well, I'm 

22    not inviting you.  

23                 (Laughter.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   I have 

25    your name on -- I was given your name --


                                                               6869

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I viewed that 

 2    there was an invitation there, so -- 

 3                 SENATOR MAYER:   No.  

 4                 (Laughter.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   I was not 

 6    inviting you.  I -- do you rise to speak on the 

 7    bill?

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'm glad to speak 

 9    on the bill, Madam President.  Thank you very 

10    much.  On the bill.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Martins on the bill.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   You know, I join 

14    with the concerns voiced by my colleagues to this 

15    point, that we have policies in this chamber that 

16    we've discussed certainly over the years -- we've 

17    heard them earlier in our session this year -- 

18    that appear to prioritize people who commit 

19    violent acts, people who have been convicted, 

20    whether by a plea or whether by a conviction 

21    after trial.  

22                 Although I do understand the 

23    difference between the two, Madam President, and 

24    I do think that if there is a plea and that plea 

25    results in that being sealed as a result of the 


                                                               6870

 1    bill we're discussing here today, that there is a 

 2    societal benefit for people to be able to hold 

 3    others accountable if they continuously break the 

 4    law and they continuously have an opportunity to 

 5    hurt others.  

 6                 We are in a position where we have 

 7    the opportunity to prioritize the rights of 

 8    victims as against those who are going to 

 9    protect -- whether they're large corporations, 

10    through immunity, whether it's giving people a 

11    second chance.  But we've heard from people in 

12    this chamber about how they have families, they 

13    have children, they're concerned about crime, 

14    they're concerned about how dangerous it is out 

15    there.  

16                 I share those concerns.  I want 

17    people held accountable.  I believe we are 

18    responsible for our actions.  I believe adults do 

19    have the ability to commit bad acts and should be 

20    held accountable for those.  I believe that if I 

21    commit a crime, I should be held accountable for 

22    it.  And people should know, in hiring me in the 

23    future, that I committed that crime and be able 

24    to make those choices, because as an adult I have 

25    to take personal responsibility for those things 


                                                               6871

 1    that I do, because that's what I teach my kids as 

 2    well -- as children, as teenagers, and as adults, 

 3    that we are responsible for our actions.

 4                 That used to be a common theme in 

 5    society, that we took accountability for our 

 6    actions.  We didn't make excuses for bad 

 7    behavior.  It seems like that seems to be all too 

 8    often the policies that we follow these days.  

 9                 So when it comes to protecting 

10    victims or allowing somebody who is harmed the 

11    ability to sue, I will stand with the victim a 

12    hundred percent of the time.  

13                 So I'm concerned about this bill.  

14    I'm concerned about what it means in society.  

15    I'm concerned about businesses that will hire 

16    people, as Senator Borrello said, not because 

17    they're actually going to go out on a limb and 

18    give somebody a second chance -- it's because 

19    they have immunity from liability.  But that 

20    immunity from liability comes at the expense of 

21    the victim, who no longer has someone against 

22    whom they can actually seek justice.  

23                 Where are they going, 

24    Madam President?  Are they coming here to Albany?  

25    Are they going to hold the state accountable?  


                                                               6872

 1    The answer's no, they get to hold no one 

 2    accountable.  And that's wrong, civilly or 

 3    otherwise.  

 4                 So I think we've spoken quite a bit 

 5    on this topic.  I've got to tell you that people 

 6    I hear from back in my district, this is how they 

 7    feel.  I'm not getting calls from people from my 

 8    district saying, yeah, you know what, 

 9    Clean Slate's a great idea.  You know what 

10    they're saying?  We live, we're accountable, we 

11    want to be held accountable, we're going to hold 

12    other people accountable as well.  That's what 

13    I'm hearing from people in my district, 

14    Madam President.  

15                 And for that reason, for that 

16    reason, for the people back home that we 

17    represent, for the people who count on us to make 

18    sure that we pass policies here that hold them to 

19    the same standard as everyone else, for our 

20    obligation to make sure we pass policies here 

21    that keep them safe, I'll be voting no.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are there 

23    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

24                 Hearing and seeing none, debate is 

25    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.


                                                               6873

 1                 Read the last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 10.  This 

 3    act shall take effect one year after it shall 

 4    have become a law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

 6    roll.

 7                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Jackson to explain his vote.

10                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  

12                 My colleagues, I rise in support of 

13    S7551A, the Clean Slate Act.  This bill 

14    represents a crucial step towards creating a 

15    fairer and more just society.  It recognizes that 

16    a criminal record should not define an individual 

17    indefinitely and deny them the chance to rebuild 

18    their lives and contribute positively to their 

19    communities.  

20                 This legislation ensures that those 

21    who have paid their debt to society are not 

22    burdened with a lifelong sentence of limited 

23    opportunities and poverty.  We recognize that 

24    rehabilitation is possible and that individuals 

25    should be judged by their present actions, not 


                                                               6874

 1    forever haunted by their past mistakes.

 2                 The Clean Slate Act is not just 

 3    about providing second chances but about 

 4    fostering a society that values redemption and 

 5    believes in the potential for change.  By 

 6    removing unnecessary barriers to employment, 

 7    education and housing, we open the doors for 

 8    individuals to rebuild their lives, support their 

 9    families, and become productive members of 

10    society.

11                 Moreover, this legislation plays a 

12    vital role in addressing systemic inequalities 

13    which cannot deny that our criminal justice 

14    system has proportionally affected communities of 

15    color and low-income families.  The Clean Slate 

16    Act is an essential step towards achieving equity 

17    and promoting social and economic justice.  

18                 As legislators we have the moral 

19    duty to ensure that every person has an equal 

20    opportunity to succeed, and send a powerful 

21    message that we believe in redemption, fairness, 

22    and the transformative powers of second chances.  

23                 For a society that embraces 

24    compassion, justice, and the belief that everyone 

25    deserves a chance at a better future, 


                                                               6875

 1    Madam President, I vote aye.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 3    Jackson to be recorded in the affirmative.

 4                 Senator Krueger to explain her vote.

 5                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.

 7                 You know, a lot of issues are 

 8    controversial.  This one certainly is.  But I 

 9    just have to go on record when I listen to some 

10    of my colleagues make completely false statements 

11    on the floor -- all of those lists of the victims 

12    and specific crimes who would never get a chance 

13    at Clean Slate.  Clean Slate doesn't apply to any 

14    of the crimes that were being described.  Those 

15    are not the people who will be eligible for 

16    Clean Slate.  

17                 And the sponsor made clear over and 

18    over again in his presentation exactly what this 

19    bill did.  And I sat and listened to it all, and 

20    I'm wondering why some of my colleagues don't 

21    seem to have listened to any of it.  

22                 But for the record, there are things 

23    this bill does, things this bill doesn't do.  And 

24    the fact is these are people who have committed 

25    crimes, paid their dues to society, and are 


                                                               6876

 1    frankly much more of a risk to all of us in our 

 2    communities if they don't have a fair chance to 

 3    move forward for employment, for housing, for 

 4    family, for their lives.  

 5                 So it is in absolutely their best 

 6    interests but, perhaps more importantly, our best 

 7    interests that we move this law forward.  And I 

 8    have no question that I am voting for this bill.

 9                 Thank you, Madam President.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER: 

11    Senator Krueger to be recorded in the 

12    affirmative.

13                 Senator Rivera to explain his vote.

14                 SENATOR RIVERA:   Madam President, 

15    Senator Myrie, today is a beautiful day.  

16                 I've been here 13 years, and I 

17    remember the first couple of years in my 

18    legislative career I was the ranking member in 

19    the Crime Victims, Crime and Corrections 

20    Committee.  And during that time I saw so many of 

21    my colleagues on the other side of the aisle, 

22    most of whom have since retired, but who were 

23    here for decades.  And the vision that they had 

24    of how our criminal legal system must be 

25    organized is punitive, punitive, punitive.  


                                                               6877

 1                 These were folks -- and I can say 

 2    this for a fact because I saw the types of bills 

 3    that they introduced, the things that they said, 

 4    the things that they believed.  And sadly, 

 5    apparently some of my colleagues still believe 

 6    this:  They are these criminals, these people 

 7    that are over there, different than the rest of 

 8    us, and they must be put away, never to be heard 

 9    from again.  

10                 I am so glad that we are in the 

11    Majority now.  So glad.  So glad.  Because that 

12    means that things like this, that bills like this 

13    can actually happen and we can actually move in a 

14    different direction, in a place where the 

15    criminal legal system actually believes in 

16    redemption.  In which we don't use fearmongering 

17    to attack something.  

18                 It's a beautiful day, 

19    Madam President.  It's a beautiful day.  And I am 

20    proud to vote in the affirmative.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   

22    Senator Rivera to be recorded in the affirmative.  

23                 Senator Bailey to explain his vote.  

24                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Thank you, 

25    Madam President.  


                                                               6878

 1                 To my brother, Senator Zellnor 

 2    Myrie, thank you.  As we say in church, weeping 

 3    may endure for a night, but joy, joy comes in the 

 4    morning.  

 5                 You know, I've heard about "Wait," 

 6    right?  "For years now I have heard the word 

 7    'Wait!'"  We've heard this before.  Dr. King 

 8    said:  "It rings in the ear of every Negro with 

 9    piercing familiarity.  This 'Wait' has almost 

10    always meant Never.'  We must come to see, with 

11    one of our distinguished jurists, that 'justice 

12    too long delayed is justice denied.'"

13                 Wait.  Why?  Wait to be employed.  

14    Wait to eat.  When you're hungry, you don't wait 

15    to eat.  

16                 Senator Myrie's mentioned the 

17    statistics that 73 percent of the people who have 

18    been convicted of a crime have not been convicted 

19    of a subsequent crime in over 10 years.  Without 

20    this piece of legislation.  

21                 And there's a lot of conflation that 

22    goes on about victims and their rights.  The 

23    Senate Democratic Conference stands for victims' 

24    rights under the leadership of Andrea 

25    Stewart-Cousins, let's be very clear about that.  


                                                               6879

 1                 But the sentence that an individual 

 2    receives is part of that right, sort of the dues 

 3    that -- part of the dues they pay to society.  

 4    Then, depending on the nature of the offense, 

 5    that either three- or eight-year wait that they 

 6    still have to wait, Madam President, is part of 

 7    the debt that they pay to society.  How much more 

 8    do you want people to pay when they can't pay?  

 9                 People will say that they're not 

10    asking for that in their districts.  They're 

11    asking for it in mine.  Senator Bailey, I don't 

12    have a job.  I got jammed up when I was 17, when 

13    I was 18, I was dumb and young.  But I can't find 

14    any way to live, my kids don't have anything to 

15    eat, and I don't have a job.  These are what my 

16    constituents are saying.  In the 36th Senatorial 

17    District, Northeast Bronx and Mount Vernon, 

18    that's what they're asking me:  I need your help.  

19                 Well, we're here.  And I know that 

20    some of my colleagues on the other side of the 

21    aisle, I know that they truly do believe in 

22    redemption and second chances.  I'm asking you, 

23    what does a formerly incarcerated individual look 

24    like?  They might look like my man Eddie Gibbs, 

25    one of the best Assemblymembers that we have.  


                                                               6880

 1    Let us not judge an individual by the worst thing 

 2    that they have ever done.  Maybe one day they can 

 3    grow up and be an Assemblyman.  Wouldn't that be 

 4    nice.  

 5                 You know, people can change.  People 

 6    can change.  You know, it's not how many times 

 7    you're knocked down, Madam President.  It's how 

 8    often do you get up.  But if you're held to the 

 9    floor for years and years, you can't rise.  

10                 This piece of legislation is asking 

11    for individuals to have a meaningful opportunity 

12    to be able to show that they want to change.  We 

13    heard it.  People want to change.  They want to 

14    work.  

15                 You know, and the last thing I'll 

16    say on this point about what vehicles are already 

17    available, that we have these sealing statutes 

18    that we can use -- as Senator Myrie said, that 

19    0.05 percent of people use.  Everybody that says 

20    that, how many reentry fairs have you held?  How 

21    many days of expungement and reentry type of 

22    events have you held with these sealing statutes 

23    that exist, how many have you held?  

24                 I would say slim to none.  I would 

25    say little to none, excuse me.  That's how many 


                                                               6881

 1    you've held.  This statute will create real 

 2    meaningful change.  The next person, the next 

 3    person that may sit in this seat may have done 

 4    something wrong in their life, but they won't pay 

 5    for it forever.  

 6                 Let us not judge people on the worst 

 7    things they've ever done, but on our society's 

 8    ability to forgive.  I vote aye, Madam President.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

10    Bailey to be recorded in the affirmative.

11                 Senator Rhoads to explain his vote.

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 I certainly understand the sentiment 

15    behind this bill.  Nobody wants to be judged by 

16    their worst moment.  I believe that.  I 

17    understand that.

18                 But I think what we're seeing in the 

19    chamber here is what we see kind of often here, 

20    is that I have the right as an individual to 

21    judge that.  I have the right for myself to 

22    determine when I get to see or how I get to see 

23    an individual that I'm going to be doing business 

24    with, that I'm going to be inviting into my home, 

25    that I'm going to be working with on a regular 


                                                               6882

 1    basis.  And what we're doing is putting blinders 

 2    on the eyes of everyone.  

 3                 We talk about transparency in this 

 4    chamber all the time, and we vote for 

 5    transparency in this chamber all the time.  But 

 6    what we're doing essentially here is we're 

 7    telling the public that our judgment is better 

 8    than theirs.  We're not saying that there's no 

 9    opportunity for redemption.  What we're saying is 

10    that it's in the eyes of the individual who's 

11    making the decision whether or not to engage on a 

12    regular basis with that person, whether to invite 

13    them into their home, whether to invite them into 

14    their business.  It's their opportunity to make 

15    that decision.

16                 If some person has demonstrated that 

17    they've made a mistake early in life and comes 

18    for a job, it's that employer's decision whether 

19    or not they want to believe that that person has 

20    redeemed themselves.  It's not government's.  If 

21    I want to invite somebody into my home to watch 

22    my house, to watch my niece and nephew, that 

23    should be my decision, not government's decision, 

24    whether I get to know that individual's 

25    background.  


                                                               6883

 1                 So we're not talking about not being 

 2    in favor of redemption.  We're not talking about 

 3    not providing opportunities.  We're talking about 

 4    providing transparency so that people will make 

 5    decisions with open eyes, recognizing that you're 

 6    never going to be able to know someone's heart, 

 7    but you should have the opportunity to at least 

 8    know their background and make that evaluation 

 9    for yourself without having to take the word of 

10    government for it.  

11                 And unfortunately, there are some -- 

12    I'm a big baseball fan.  My favorite movie is 

13    The Natural.  Robert Redford, one of the famous 

14    lines in the movie when he -- and I know I'm 

15    running up against the two minutes.  One of the 

16    famous lines in his movie is that he says, when 

17    he's in a hospital bed, "There are some mistakes 

18    that you never stop paying for."  

19                 And unfortunately that's sometimes 

20    true.  But not in the eyes of everyone.  But it 

21    should be us that makes that decision.  It 

22    shouldn't be government that makes that decision 

23    for us.  

24                 So I'll be voting in the negative on 

25    this bill.


                                                               6884

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 2    Rhoads to be recorded in the negative.

 3                 Senator Hinchey to explain her vote.

 4                 SENATOR HINCHEY:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  

 6                 I wasn't planning to speak on this 

 7    bill, but I think it's important to put on the 

 8    record that as someone who represents a rural 

 9    upstate community, people in my district are 

10    asking for this bill.  They are asking for 

11    Clean Slate.  People are not wanting immunity 

12    from liability, they're wanting a chance at a 

13    better life.  They're wanting a chance to be able 

14    to help the next generation in their family, to 

15    be able to find stable housing, to be able to 

16    find a job, to be able to help their parents or 

17    their kids.  

18                 People want to be able to live 

19    without stigma.  They want to be able to succeed 

20    and have equal opportunities and to be the 

21    arbiters of their own fate.  That is what we are 

22    allowing here today in this chamber and with this 

23    bill.

24                 So much of what we heard is not 

25    actually relevant to the bill that we are talking 


                                                               6885

 1    about.  It is filled with fearmongering and 

 2    rhetoric to try to undermine the points and the 

 3    justice that we are providing with this bill for 

 4    people who have been consistently kept down, not 

 5    just their entire lives but often generations in 

 6    their family.  This is going to give people a 

 7    path back to help them and their future family.

 8                 For that, I'm incredibly proud to 

 9    vote aye on this bill and to be able to deliver 

10    this for the constituents in the 41st District.  

11                 Thank you, Madam President.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

13    Hinchey to be recorded in the affirmative.  

14                 Senator Cleare to explain her vote.

15                 SENATOR CLEARE:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 I want to commend my colleague 

18    Zellnor Myrie for this very important 

19    legislation.

20                 What it's about is you have paid for 

21    your crime.  You deserve to put that behind you 

22    and not be judged for the rest of your life for 

23    something that you've already paid for.  To be 

24    incarcerated over and over again for the rest of 

25    your life when that door slams in your face, when 


                                                               6886

 1    you don't get that job, when you are judged over 

 2    and over again for the same thing that you 

 3    already paid society back for -- that's not 

 4    justice.  That's not justice.  

 5                 We know the individuals.  We know 

 6    their lives.  Some of them didn't even have a 

 7    fair chance to begin with.  They made a mistake.  

 8    They went to jail.  They paid for their crime.  

 9    And now they're out.  They deserve to have a 

10    chance to move on with their lives and to get on 

11    with it and get all of that past them.

12                 This bill is crucial and critical.  

13    I thank you for your persistence.  I thank you 

14    for your hard work.  This is going to change 

15    thousands of lives in my district.  Thousands of 

16    lives.  People who have been beat down over and 

17    over again.  They deserve a chance.  They deserve 

18    a second chance.  

19                 And our decisions should be based on 

20    who people are, not on what they did and paid for 

21    a long time ago.  It's what you are today.  So 

22    many people you look at, you don't know who they 

23    are, you don't know what they've done.  They may 

24    not have gotten caught.  And because these people 

25    have gotten caught and paid for what they did, 


                                                               6887

 1    that is why we judge them over and over again.  

 2    And that's not fair.  

 3                 And that ends now, and I thank you.  

 4    And I proudly vote aye, Madam President.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 6    Cleare to be recorded in the affirmative.

 7                 Senator Brouk to explain your vote.

 8                 SENATOR BROUK:   Thank you, 

 9    Madam President.  

10                 I want to share a story that I think 

11    highlights why we're voting on this today.  

12                 And I also want to thank and 

13    congratulate Senator Myrie for his work on this 

14    even before I was blessed to be in this 

15    Legislature.

16                 I want to tell a story of Melinda, 

17    who's a grandmother living in Syracuse.  In 

18    October of 1999, she was sentenced to three years 

19    probation.  She completed her sentence, went on 

20    to become a mother, a grandmother, went to 

21    school, obtained a bachelor's degree, her 

22    master's, even -- which, by the way, is more 

23    education than I have.  I don't even have a 

24    master's.  Yet 25 years later, despite all that 

25    she had done to give back to her community, she's 


                                                               6888

 1    still suffering the consequences of her actions 

 2    over 25 years ago.  

 3                 Let's put this in perspective.  In 

 4    1999, I was 13 years old, getting ready for the 

 5    year 2000 in my eighth-grade class.  Think of all 

 6    I've done since then.  I had no idea I'd become a 

 7    State Senator.  And this is a woman who continues 

 8    to suffer from the actions of nearly some of 

 9    our lifetimes ago.

10                 The question -- which is 

11    rhetorical -- that I'll ask is:  How long do we 

12    need to punish people?  How long do we punish 

13    people until we let them live full lives to 

14    support their families, to support their 

15    grandchildren, to support their communities?  

16    That's why Clean Slate is so important.  

17                 And to finalize this, I want to just 

18    say I'm so proud of so many things that we've 

19    done, this week especially, in this Legislature.  

20    It can be uncomfortable for some, but it's going 

21    to help so many New Yorkers.  And we're not going 

22    to stop.  And I'm very proud of that work.  

23                 I vote aye.  Thank you.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Brouk to be recorded in the affirmative.  


                                                               6889

 1                 Senator Myrie to close.

 2                 SENATOR MYRIE:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  

 4                 First let me just address some 

 5    things that I heard from my colleagues who spoke 

 6    on the bill.  You know, the notion that this 

 7    conference or this Legislature doesn't care about 

 8    victims is directly contrary to the record.  

 9                 Just a few weeks ago we passed the 

10    Fair Access to Victims' Services Act, where only 

11    four of my colleagues on the other side joined in 

12    on that effort.  But this is something that we -- 

13    that would give more access to resources for 

14    victims, that would allow for them to get the 

15    compensation that they deserve, but that my 

16    colleagues who have spoken eloquently about 

17    victims decided was not good enough for them.

18                 One colleague mentioned the 

19    recidivism rate.  And we have empirical evidence 

20    that shows us that individuals who benefit from 

21    sealing of their records do have a lower 

22    recidivism rate, and it is in fact lower than the 

23    offense rate for the general public.

24                 I've heard a lot about 

25    accountability and people taking responsibility.  


                                                               6890

 1    And again, I would underscore that this bill does 

 2    nothing to affect the current adjudication 

 3    process.  If you are convicted, you will serve 

 4    your time, and you still have to remain 

 5    crime-free to benefit from this.  

 6                 And on the notion of immunity for 

 7    jobs, I would point out that in the negligence 

 8    context -- and many of the lawyers in this room 

 9    are familiar with that -- there is a knowing 

10    requirement for negligence.  And by definition, 

11    if the record is sealed, the employer does not 

12    know and thus should not be held liable in a 

13    negligence claim.

14                 And I'll lastly say that on -- just 

15    to address some of the comments that were made, 

16    that individuals who are eligible for sealing 

17    under our current statutes, only 0.05 percent of 

18    those who are eligible have taken advantage of 

19    it.  That is both a demonstration that they don't 

20    know about their eligibility but also about how 

21    onerous the process is.

22                 I want to thank our leader, Senator 

23    Andrea Stewart-Cousins, for bringing this bill to 

24    the floor again, and thank her for her steadfast 

25    dedication to helping the millions of New Yorkers 


                                                               6891

 1    with conviction records.  

 2                 I want to thank my colleague in the 

 3    other house, Assemblymember Catalina Cruz, who 

 4    helped shepherd the effort in the Assembly, who 

 5    passed Clean Slate today.  And I'd also thank 

 6    Speaker Heastie for allowing the bill to come to 

 7    the floor.

 8                 I had served a year in this office 

 9    when I met a young brother named Zaki, who is 

10    another great person in the lineage of people 

11    with names that start with Z.

12                 (Laughter.)

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   And I had a coffee 

14    with Zaki, and Zaki told me about his story:  Had 

15    a conviction, really wanted to give back to his 

16    community -- because he was the most credible 

17    person.  And he got a job and was doing what he 

18    loved, but once they found out that he had a 

19    conviction, he was let go.  And all of the people 

20    that he was helping and that he could influence 

21    now did not have that individual simply because 

22    he had a conviction record.

23                 And his story of course is not 

24    unique.  One in seven New Yorkers have a 

25    conviction record.  Which means that if you look 


                                                               6892

 1    around this room, even in the seats, that there 

 2    are people with conviction records that are in 

 3    this Legislature.  But you don't know that, 

 4    because people don't advertise that.  The same 

 5    way that you don't advertise the worst thing that 

 6    you've ever done to everybody.  

 7                 But imagine for just a second, if at 

 8    every interview, every job application, every 

 9    time you wanted to get a house, find someplace to 

10    live, the person on the other side said "I just 

11    need you to tell me about that worst moment in 

12    your life."  Every single time.

13                 What are we doing?  We have a higher 

14    unemployment rate in this state than the rest of 

15    the country.  And we have millions of people 

16    ready to go to work, but we shut the door on them 

17    every opportunity we get.  We marginalize them.  

18                 Okay, say I get out, I want to do 

19    better.  You're released from supervision.  Say, 

20    okay, I'm going to go apply for a job.  You apply 

21    for 10 jobs, all 10 say no.  You say, all right, 

22    well, maybe I'll go to school, get my education, 

23    maybe they will take me then.  You go apply for 

24    financial aid, and they say "Oh, you have a 

25    conviction?  Not eligible."  


                                                               6893

 1                 Okay, so you can't go to school, you 

 2    can't get a job.  Well, I've got to put a roof 

 3    over my head.  I don't know how to deal with 

 4    this, I've been locked up for 20 years.  I need 

 5    to find a place to live.  And you go and you 

 6    apply for a place for live, and they say:  Nope, 

 7    your conviction means you will not get housing.  

 8                 Ask yourself, what would you do if 

 9    you were that individual?  No house, no job, no 

10    education.  There are no options.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

12    Myrie, your time is up.

13                 SENATOR MYRIE:   So I plead not just 

14    with my colleagues, but for every New Yorker who 

15    is listening:  Clean Slate is a jobs bill, it's 

16    an education bill, it is a housing bill, it is 

17    the right thing to do.  

18                 And I am so proud to vote in 

19    affirmative.  Thank you.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

21    Myrie to be recorded in the affirmative.

22                 Announce the results.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

24    Calendar 1827, those Senators voting in the 

25    negative are Senators Addabbo, Ashby, Borrello, 


                                                               6894

 1    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

 2    Lanza, Mannion, Martinez, Martins, Mattera, 

 3    Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, 

 4    Rolison, Scarcella-Spanton, Stec, Tedisco, 

 5    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 6                 Ayes, 37.  Nays, 25.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 (Cheers; sustained applause.)

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

11    Gianaris.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Can we now move 

13    on to Calendar 1812, by Senator Cleare.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

15    Secretary will read.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    1812, Senate Print 6169A, by Senator Cleare, an 

18    act to amend the Election Law.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

20    Martins, why do you rise?

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

22    on the bill.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

24    Martins on the bill.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 


                                                               6895

 1    I happen to have in my district one of the I 

 2    think crown jewels of our state.  It's the 

 3    Henry Viscardi School.  Many of us have had the 

 4    distinct privilege of going to the Henry Viscardi 

 5    School.  

 6                 The Henry Viscardi School, for those 

 7    who don't know, is a school that teaches 

 8    high school to children who are severely 

 9    physically disabled.  Severely physically 

10    disabled.  Most of them in wheelchairs, multiple 

11    disabilities.  And yet somehow the school manages 

12    to teach them in a high school setting, with many 

13    of them actually going on to college.  

14                 I remember the first day, 

15    Madam President, that I visited the school and I 

16    met with the president of the student body, a 

17    young man from Queens who told me that if he 

18    weren't at that school -- he was in a 

19    wheelchair -- that he would be back in his school 

20    and he would not be able to participate in any of 

21    the activities of the school.  They would have 

22    him in a wheelchair and he'd be off in a corner 

23    somewhere, and he would not have an opportunity 

24    to participate in any of the activities.  

25                 At the Henry Viscardi School, he 


                                                               6896

 1    actually participated in sports, basketball, had 

 2    access to the curricula, and then obviously 

 3    aspirations for higher education and beyond.  

 4                 So the president of the Henry 

 5    Viscardi School and the school reached out, 

 6    concerned about this bill, and I wanted to share 

 7    with my colleagues their concern.  Because -- and 

 8    I do believe this to be perhaps -- or perhaps 

 9    definitely inadvertent, but I think it's 

10    important that we get the perspective of the 

11    community and the disability community when it 

12    comes to voting and their access to the voting 

13    booth and to the polling place.  And that perhaps 

14    as well-intentioned as we may be in promoting 

15    legislation and advancing bills, that it's not 

16    always received the same way.

17                 So coincidentally, Dr. Chris Rosa, 

18    who is the president and the CEO of the Viscardi 

19    Center, on April 24th happened to have had an 

20    op-ed printed in Newsday.  I say coincidentally 

21    because that's the actual date of the A print on 

22    this bill, when it was amended and then 

23    resubmitted, and we're here today.

24                 So they took the opportunity to send 

25    me a copy of the op-ed that Dr. Rosa had 


                                                               6897

 1    prepared.  And it starts with a preamble for 

 2    Dr. Rosa himself:  Dr. Chris Rosa is president 

 3    and CEO of the Viscardi Center, a New York-based 

 4    network of nonprofits that educate, employ and 

 5    empower children and adults with disabilities.  

 6    He also serves as president of the 

 7    internationally renowned Henry Viscardi School.  

 8                 Dr. Rosa is a staunch advocate for 

 9    equity and economic justice for people with 

10    disabilities, being a wheelchair user since he 

11    was 12 years old.  Dr. Rosa has limb-girdle 

12    muscular dystrophy.  

13                 He's a published disabilities 

14    studies scholar.  He serves in national 

15    leadership on organizations that promote access 

16    and wellness for Americans with disabilities.  He 

17    is well known for his expertise on disability as 

18    a key dimension of diversity, equity and 

19    inclusion -- what we commonly refer as, 

20    Madam President, DEI.  Disability and 

21    intersectionality in American disability culture.  

22                 And I think it's important that we 

23    just take a moment to understand the sentiment 

24    that Dr. Rosa was trying to share that at the 

25    time, Madam President, on April 24th in an op-ed 


                                                               6898

 1    in Newsday, but applicable to the discussion and 

 2    the bill we have before us today.  

 3                 "At The Viscardi Center's Albertson, 

 4    Long Island campus, we aspire to be 'the most 

 5    inclusive six acres on the planet!'

 6                 "Each day, Viscardi empowers kids 

 7    and adults with disabilities to dismantle 

 8    conventional assumptions about who gets to fully 

 9    participate in our communities, through truly 

10    inclusive education, career readiness, 

11    independent living skill development, and civic 

12    engagement.  Together, we achieve this by 

13    creating, sustaining, and advancing programs, 

14    facilities, and opportunities built upon the 

15    principle of universal design -- singular, 

16    inclusive models which offer the most access to 

17    the most people.

18                 "That’s why I find it especially 

19    disconcerting when people with disabilities" -- 

20    PWDs -- "go to a polling place and are ushered to 

21    a separate section to vote.  In New York, we can 

22    use equipment that accommodates voters with 

23    disabilities, which is terrific -- except PWDs 

24    are usually the only people using it!  The 

25    unintended consequence is that the voting 


                                                               6899

 1    experience for PWDs is 'separate but equal,' 

 2    rather than truly inclusive.

 3                 "This can, and should, change.

 4                 "While voting equipment has evolved 

 5    to allow voters with disabilities to use the same 

 6    voting equipment as everyone else, unfortunately, 

 7    this equipment is not made available to everyone.

 8                 "Many cities and states across 

 9    America use this inclusive voting technology.  

10    New York has the opportunity to join other 

11    leading jurisdictions and stop perpetuating 

12    'separate but equal' voting experiences for 

13    people with disabilities.  We need our State 

14    Board of Elections to certify modern, universally 

15    designed voting technology that allows everyone 

16    to vote on the same kind of equipment.  

17                 "This technology has been proved 

18    safe and secure, relies on a paper ballot, 

19    creates efficiency in voting times resulting in 

20    shorter lines, and is user-friendly and 

21    meaningfully accessible to all voters.  I've had 

22    the opportunity to try this technology, as have 

23    many people with disabilities across New York.  

24    But right now we can't use it in an actual 

25    election because, even though it's federally 


                                                               6900

 1    certified, the New York Board of Elections hasn't 

 2    yet approved it.  It is my earnest hope that the 

 3    Board of Elections will do the right thing and 

 4    certify this equipment after it passes all of 

 5    New York's laws and requirements.

 6                 "Madam President, there is something 

 7    fundamental to our democracy at stake in 

 8    New York, and not just for the disability 

 9    community.  Voting represents the very heart of 

10    our notion of citizenship, and how each member of 

11    our citizenry is able to vote reflects the extent 

12    to which they are regarded as full and equal 

13    citizens.  Voting technology that creates truly 

14    inclusive voting experiences for all voters is 

15    simply the right thing to do; it creates a more 

16    democratic and equitable society, fosters more 

17    confidence in our elections, and engenders more 

18    faith in each other.  

19                 "There is no risk here.  The 

20    technology is tested, proved and vetted.  It's 

21    accurate, reliable and efficient.  Let's move on 

22    from 'separate but equal' and let the State Board 

23    of Elections know you're on the side of equal, 

24    inclusive voting opportunities for all eligible 

25    voters."  


                                                               6901

 1                 Madam President, that was the op-ed 

 2    that Dr. Chris Rosa wrote and was published in 

 3    Newsday just less than two months ago.  And 

 4    again, at the time it was written, unbeknownst to 

 5    me, this bill was pending.  They reached out and 

 6    asked if I would share this op-ed on the floor 

 7    today, and I have.  

 8                 I'm not going to elaborate on it; 

 9    it's not for me to do that.  Dr. Rosa I think has 

10    done that quite eloquently in his capacity not 

11    only as president of the Henry Viscardi School, 

12    but as a leader in the disability community, a 

13    recognized leader in the disability community.  

14                 I think it's incumbent upon us to 

15    think on his words, think on the opportunities we 

16    have to actually create a universal polling 

17    experience for everyone -- not only the 

18    able-bodied, but the disabled -- and be as 

19    inclusive as we can, in the spirit of what we do 

20    and can do as New Yorkers.  

21                 Madam President -- and again, I'll 

22    say it, I don't believe in any way, shape or form 

23    that this bill was introduced for the purposes of 

24    creating a different experience for different 

25    people.  Certainly I don't believe it was 


                                                               6902

 1    introduced for the purpose of making it more 

 2    difficult for people with disabilities.  I don't.  

 3                 But I share this simply with the 

 4    thought that perhaps in the spirit of what 

 5    Dr. Rosa wrote in his op-ed on April 24th, we can 

 6    get beyond simply allowing for different forms of 

 7    voting and move towards a more universal way of 

 8    voting.  

 9                 And for that, I'll be voting no on 

10    this bill, understanding that I look forward to 

11    working with my colleagues to hopefully promote a 

12    way to vote in a way that is more inclusive of 

13    everyone, including people with disabilities.  

14                 Madam President, I thank you.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are there 

16    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

17                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

18    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

19                 Read the last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 


                                                               6903

 1    Cleare to explain her vote.

 2                 SENATOR CLEARE:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  

 4                 When it comes to voting, the most 

 5    important variable is knowing that your 

 6    individual vote was not only counted but was 

 7    counted accurately, in accordance with your 

 8    preferences.

 9                 That is why I introduced the Voting 

10    Integrity and Verification Act of New York, 

11    which, instead of trying to meticulously 

12    prescribe what technology may come, gives voters 

13    a time-tested right.  And that right is to ensure 

14    that the easiest and simplest way to verify their 

15    vote was counted and counted accurately is by 

16    ensuring that every voter will have the option to 

17    mark a paper ballot -- by hand, or with a ballot 

18    marking device that does not also count votes.  

19                 In sum, individual voter-verifiable 

20    paper ballots that allow voters to cast their 

21    votes privately and independently are a safe way 

22    and secure way to secure our democracy.

23                 Thank you, and I proudly vote aye.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Cleare to be recorded in the affirmative.


                                                               6904

 1                 Announce the results.  

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar 1812, those Senators voting in the 

 4    negative are Senators Borrello, Brouk, 

 5    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Cooney, Gallivan, Hinchey, 

 6    Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Oberacker, Ortt, Rhoads, 

 7    Stec, Tedisco, Weber and Weik.

 8                 Ayes, 46.  Nays, 16.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

10    is passed.

11                 Senator Gianaris.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Next up, 

13    Madam President, Calendar 1829, by 

14    Senator Thomas.  Let's take that up, please.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    Secretary will read.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    1829, Senate Print 7553, by Senator Thomas, an 

19    act to amend the General Business Law.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

21    Rhoads, why do you rise?

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I was hoping the 

23    sponsor would yield to a couple of questions.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

25    Thomas, do you yield?


                                                               6905

 1                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Senator Thomas, 

 6    thank you for yielding to a couple of questions.  

 7                 I want to thank you for sponsoring 

 8    the bill.  I certainly understand its intent.  I 

 9    did just have a couple of questions, just seeking 

10    some clarifications with regard to some of the 

11    language.

12                 Obviously I know that the intent of 

13    the bill is to provide some level of transparency 

14    with respect to auto brokers and their dealings 

15    with their respective clients.  Just for a 

16    question of clarification, what would the impact 

17    be with respect to an out-of-state auto broker 

18    who delivers a vehicle within New York State.  

19    Would there be any impact on that particular 

20    transaction?

21                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, that's a great question to ask.  

23                 I believe it depends on where the 

24    vehicle is coming from.  For example, if it's an 

25    out-of-state auto broker getting a car from 


                                                               6906

 1    New Jersey and delivering it to a customer in 

 2    New York, they do not necessarily need to follow 

 3    this bill that I'm putting forward.  

 4                 But on the other hand, if it's a 

 5    vehicle in New York that the out-of-state broker 

 6    is finding for the customer in New York, at that 

 7    point they need to register and go through the 

 8    set of guidelines that this bill requires.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And -- thank you, 

10    Senator Thomas.  

11                 And would the sponsor be kind enough 

12    to yield to another question.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

14    continue to yield?

15                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Yes, 

16    Madam President.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And with respect 

20    to a vehicle from New York that was being 

21    delivered by an out-of-state broker, my 

22    understanding is that they would be able to 

23    partner with an in-state company in order to do 

24    that.  Is that correct?

25                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Through you, 


                                                               6907

 1    Madam President, yes, that is correct.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Okay.  And would 

 3    the sponsor be kind enough to yield to another 

 4    question.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Yes, 

 8    Madam President.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Now, I do note 

12    that in the bill it does have some language that 

13    requires that the broker, when they enter into a 

14    contractual agreement with the purchaser of that 

15    vehicle, certify that the only person paying them 

16    in that transaction is the provider of the 

17    vehicle.  Whether it's a manufacturer, whether 

18    it's another dealer, whoever provides it, they 

19    give assurance to the seller -- to the purchaser 

20    that that's the only person from whom they're 

21    accepting any kind of fee.

22                 When my understanding is that in 

23    reality, similar to a real estate transaction, 

24    where it's a transactional brokerage and a 

25    real estate agent can actually represent the 


                                                               6908

 1    buyer and the seller and take a fee from both, 

 2    that actually does take place -- not with every 

 3    company, but does take place with respect to some 

 4    companies.

 5                 Under the language that currently 

 6    exists in your bill, would that be prohibited?  

 7                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, you are correct.  

 9                 You know, transactions do vary 

10    depending on the type of vehicle and the 

11    accessories and the situations that come up.  

12                 The intention here was not to limit 

13    their compensation.  Obviously, no bill is 

14    perfect, and I am more than willing to correct 

15    that situation in a chapter amendment after the 

16    bill is passed.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.  

19                 Thank you, Mr. Sponsor.  I'd be 

20    happy to -- Senator Thomas, I'd be happy to work 

21    with you when we come back in January.

22                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Thank you.

23                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

24    Madam President.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 


                                                               6909

 1    Senator Rhoads.

 2                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

 3    to be heard?

 4                 Senator Weik, why do you rise?  

 5                 SENATOR WEIK:   I'm wondering if the 

 6    sponsor would yield for a few questions.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 8    Thomas, do you yield?  

 9                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WEIK:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  It sounds like the sponsor -- 

14    it sounds kind of like you're interested in 

15    making an amendment to your bill, which I think 

16    would be a really good idea, since brokers really 

17    do act as if the -- in the same manner that 

18    realtors act, and yet we have so many stringent 

19    laws and applications for realtors to guide them 

20    as they go through their business.  

21                 And brokers really have started to 

22    grow, and I hear that it -- you know, from 

23    constituents and from the auto dealers that it is 

24    adding this unnecessary layer that adds cost and 

25    grievance to the purchaser as they buy their car.  


                                                               6910

 1                 So are you saying that you are 

 2    willing to amend this bill to make sure that 

 3    there are more regulations for these brokers that 

 4    kind of resemble that of a realtor?  

 5                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, this bill was -- went through a 

 7    number of negotiations and compromise to get to 

 8    the place where it is today.  

 9                 Again, you know, no bill is perfect.  

10    And my intention here is not to shut down an 

11    industry.  It is to make sure that we balance 

12    consumer protection and to make sure industry 

13    survives.  Right?  

14                 So we've taken input from both 

15    sides, and wherever there is an issue that can be 

16    resolved where balance and industry functionality 

17    will work, I'm more than willing to make those 

18    changes.

19                 SENATOR WEIK:   Well, that's 

20    encouraging.  

21                 Through you, Madam President, would 

22    the sponsor continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

24    continue to yield?  

25                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Yes, 


                                                               6911

 1    Madam President.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WEIK:   So I have heard from 

 5    some constituents, and they were complaining that 

 6    extra fees were added.  Are you offering any 

 7    remedy to those individuals through this bill?

 8                 SENATOR THOMAS:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  If I understand the question 

10    correctly, what the bill does is it tells the 

11    brokers to have a disclaimer or a contract out 

12    right when the call goes in so that they know, 

13    you know, what the fees are, et cetera.  And at 

14    the end there's going to be a disclosure as to 

15    what the fees are and who's paying for it.

16                 So there's a lot more disclosure 

17    here for the consumer.

18                 SENATOR WEIK:   I look forward to 

19    your amendment.  

20                 Madam President, just on the bill.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

22    Weik on the bill.

23                 SENATOR WEIK:   This bill does not 

24    address all the needs that buyers are looking for 

25    when they hire a broker.  And the brokers are 


                                                               6912

 1    adding extra fees and an extra layer of 

 2    bureaucracy as individuals try to negotiate just 

 3    to purchase a car.  

 4                 And in these times when cars are 

 5    already more expensive than their sticker price, 

 6    I think this is not a good time to be encouraging 

 7    brokers.  And I really think that they should 

 8    have the same regulations on them since they are 

 9    acting the same as a realtor in the automotive 

10    world.  

11                 And for that reason, I vote in the 

12    negative.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are there 

14    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

15                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

16    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

17                 Read the last section.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 13.  This 

19    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

20    shall have become a law.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

22    roll.

23                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Announce 

25    the results.


                                                               6913

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 2    Calendar 1829, those Senators voting in the 

 3    negative are Senators Borrello, 

 4    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chu, Cooney, Kavanagh, 

 5    Skoufis, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 6                 Ayes, 53.  Nays, 9.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 Senator Gianaris.

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Next up, 

11    Madam President, Calendar Number 747, by 

12    Senator Kavanagh.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    747, Senate Print 2980C, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

17    act to amend the Administrative Code of the 

18    City of New York.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

20    Martins, why do you rise?

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

22    on the bill.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

24    Martins on the bill.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 


                                                               6914

 1    the Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act, 

 2    I think everyone knows, was passed in this house 

 3    and signed into law in 2019.

 4                 Afterwards, there was a case that 

 5    made it to the Court of Appeals.  We referred to 

 6    it earlier in our discussion on a previous bill, 

 7    Senator Kavanagh and I, but it's Regina 

 8    Metropolitan Company against New York State 

 9    Division of Housing and Community Renewal.  And 

10    in that Court of Appeals decision, they were 

11    asked to consider the applicability of the HSTPA 

12    applied retroactively.  

13                 And there were certain due process 

14    considerations with regard to the bill, and the 

15    court ultimately found that on due process 

16    grounds, based in the New York State -- and made 

17    reference to the federal Constitution, that you 

18    could not apply it retroactively.  And it 

19    referred to a few other cases -- specifically, 

20    Thornton v. Baron and Grimm v. DHCR as being 

21    inapplicable for purposes of their evaluation in 

22    that case.

23                 I'm going to read a provision or a 

24    section from Regina Metro from the Court of 

25    Appeals, where they write:  "We are of course 


                                                               6915

 1    mindful of the responsibility to defer to the 

 2    Legislature in matters of policymaking.  But it 

 3    is the role of the judicial branch to interpret 

 4    and safeguard constitutional rights and review 

 5    challenged acts of our coequal branches of 

 6    government -- not in order to make policy, but in 

 7    order to ensure the protections of constitutional 

 8    rights."

 9                 It goes on to say that "As to the 

10    HSTPA, today we fulfill this quintessential 

11    judicial function in holding that a limited suite 

12    of enforcement provisions may not be applied 

13    retroactively and opine in no way on the vast 

14    majority of that legislation or its prospective 

15    application."

16                 It's interesting, because again we 

17    passed the HSTPA in 2019, this case was decided 

18    in 2020, and here we are with a bill that 

19    specifically references not only the Regina Metro 

20    case but also those cases that it cited therein.

21                 So in the bill today, under Part B, 

22    it says that the -- it is public policy that the 

23    Legislature define clearly the scope of the fraud 

24    exception.  See, Madam President, one of the 

25    allowances for a retroactive application of 


                                                               6916

 1    penalties in the event of a violation of the 

 2    HSTPA, according to the Court of Appeals in 

 3    Regina Metro, is that you could go back if you 

 4    could show that there was fraud.  

 5                 In fact, in Matter of Grimm against 

 6    New York State Division of Housing and 

 7    Community Renewal, they held that an increase in 

 8    rent alone is not sufficient to establish 

 9    colorable claim of fraud, and the mere allegation 

10    of fraud alone, without more, will not be 

11    sufficient to require New York Department of 

12    Housing and Community Renewal to inquire further.  

13                 What is required is evidence of a 

14    landlord's fraudulent deregulation scheme to 

15    remove an apartment from the protections of rent 

16    stabilization.  The rental history may be 

17    examined for the limited purpose of determining 

18    whether a fraudulent scheme to destabilize the 

19    apartment tainted the reliability of the rent on 

20    the base date.

21                 So all of this is about the ability 

22    for tenants to be able to sue their landlords for 

23    retroactive rent if they feel that they were 

24    applied improperly.  The court has held that 

25    there needs to be a showing of fraud, some level 


                                                               6917

 1    of systemic fraud -- not just a claim of fraud, 

 2    but something more.  

 3                 And that brings us to the bill we 

 4    have before us today.  Because the bill we have 

 5    before us today actually takes, I believe, the 

 6    unusual step of providing an interpretation of 

 7    the court's own ruling, and in many respects 

 8    substituting this body for that of the Judiciary 

 9    in interpreting cases and interpreting how our 

10    laws should be applied.  Which is a 

11    quintessential function, as I mentioned earlier, 

12    of the Judiciary.

13                 So it says here that the Legislature 

14    defines clearly a scope of fraud exception to the 

15    pre-HSTPA four-year rule for calculating rents, 

16    which remains unsettled and the subject of 

17    litigation where courts have diverged from the 

18    controlling authority of Thornton v. Baron and 

19    Grimm v. DHCR.  

20                 Remember, Mis -- excuse me, 

21    Madam President, I mentioned the Grimm standard 

22    was that you can't just claim fraud, you actually 

23    have to show some sort of systemic fraud in order 

24    for a claim to be able to go back beyond the 

25    lookback period.


                                                               6918

 1                 It goes on to say that the 

 2    controlling authority of Thornton v. Baron and 

 3    Grimm v. DHCR to impose a common law fraud 

 4    standard that is not found in these cases and is 

 5    inconsistent -- inconsistent with the intent of 

 6    the Legislature to discourage and penalize fraud 

 7    against the rental regulatory system itself, as 

 8    well as against individual tenants, and it is 

 9    therefore public policy that the Legislature 

10    codify, without expanding or reducing the 

11    liability of landlords under pre-HSTPA law, the 

12    standard for applying that exception.

13                 So now the Legislature is not only 

14    taking the judicial interpretation but adding its 

15    own to it, in an extraordinary way.

16                 Now, in order to understand the 

17    bill, we actually have to take a step back and go 

18    back to the Court of Appeals decision, because 

19    this bill is all about going back to the Court of 

20    Appeals designation in Regina Metro and trying to 

21    circumvent it by adding language that -- 

22    hopefully, I guess, for the sponsor and those 

23    would support this bill -- the court will 

24    consider on some later date if they're asked to 

25    reconsider this issue.


                                                               6919

 1                 As an aside, Madam President, you 

 2    know, we talk about affordable housing, we talk 

 3    about accessibility to affordability, we talk 

 4    about the need to build more affordable housing, 

 5    we talk about the people in this state who are 

 6    looking for affordable housing, and the construct 

 7    of the HSTPA is supposed to be precisely for 

 8    that, allowing people access to it.

 9                 This doesn't do that.  This actually 

10    takes a step to allow people to bring litigation 

11    and to recover against landlords in a way that 

12    many can say actually creates a disincentive for 

13    landlords to reinvest in their buildings, 

14    reinvest in creating housing, reinvest in 

15    modernizing housing, but instead opens up an 

16    avenue for litigation where there isn't one right 

17    now because the court foreclosed it and the 

18    Legislature, extraordinarily, is going ahead with 

19    creating, trying to create a vehicle for that 

20    itself.  Which is extraordinary.

21                 So in Regina Metro, because this 

22    bill is all about Regina Metro, the Court of 

23    Appeals precedent was that you could go beyond a 

24    four-year lookback only in cases of fraud, as I 

25    mentioned.  For example, the plaintiffs in Raden, 


                                                               6920

 1    one of the cases that was being heard in the 

 2    Regina Metro Court of Appeals decision, who took 

 3    occupancy of their apartments in 1995 at a market 

 4    rent, commenced this action in 2010 seeking 

 5    recovery of overcharges based on a reconstruction 

 6    of the rent that they should have been charged 

 7    had the apartment never been deregulated.  

 8                 See, the argument, Madam President, 

 9    is they didn't believe that the property or the 

10    building was actually properly deregulated, even 

11    though it had been deregulated pursuant to 

12    guidance that was offered by DHCR.  

13                 So the landlord comes in, goes to 

14    DHCR, asks them to deregulate the apartment, DHCR 

15    offers guidance to deregulate the apartment, the 

16    apartment is deregulated.  And now, years later, 

17    after it's already being charged market rate, the 

18    tenant says no, we've got to go back.  We've got 

19    to go back, and I want to recover all of the 

20    overpayment of rent that I paid -- from a 

21    landlord who did nothing more than follow the 

22    rules that were provided them by the state 

23    itself.

24                 The court held that in stark 

25    contrast to Thornton, Grimm and another case, 


                                                               6921

 1    Conason, in which tenants come forward with 

 2    evidence of fraud, in these Roberts cases the 

 3    owners removed apartments from stabilization 

 4    consistent with agency guidance.  Deregulation of 

 5    the apartments during receipt of J-51 benefits 

 6    was not based on a fraudulent misstatement of 

 7    fact but on a misinterpretation of the law -- 

 8    significantly, one that DHCR itself adopted and 

 9    included in its regulations.

10                 So this bill is targeted to allow 

11    lawsuits and litigation against landlords who 

12    followed the rules that they received from DHCR.  

13                 It goes on.  So in Part B of this 

14    bill -- Madam President, I didn't check to see 

15    when we started this discussion, so I want to 

16    make sure I don't hit my 30 minutes.  Could you 

17    please remind me of when those 30 minutes will be 

18    up?  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do not 

20    worry.  I will certainly remind you.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, I 

22    appreciate that.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   You have 

24    used about 12 minutes so far.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Well, thank you, 


                                                               6922

 1    Madam President, I appreciate that.  Because once 

 2    I'm done, I do have a couple of questions for the 

 3    sponsor, if he will yield.  

 4                 But this bill, extraordinarily, 

 5    Madam President, goes on to do something I find 

 6    to be somewhat unprecedented.  "The following 

 7    conduct shall be presumed to have been the 

 8    product of fraud."  So it actually lists in here 

 9    those things that will be considered fraud.  Not 

10    for purposes of creating more affordable housing, 

11    not for purposes of allowing greater access to 

12    these units, but for purposes of advancing 

13    litigation that is out there that people have 

14    already in the system.  

15                 So the Legislature is going to 

16    create the predicate for the fraud that the 

17    Court of Appeals said they needed in the 

18    Regina Metro case in order to establish a case.  

19    Since it didn't exist, we're going to go ahead 

20    and include it in a bill and ask people on the 

21    floor today to vote for it so that litigants out 

22    there can sue their landlords -- regardless of 

23    whether or not the court believes that they 

24    could, because the court decided in 2020 in the 

25    Regina Metro case that they didn't have a case.  


                                                               6923

 1    So we're going to give them the predicate by 

 2    passing a bill on the floor today.

 3                 So it goes on to say that these are 

 4    presumed to be the products of fraud:  (1) the 

 5    unlawful deregulation of any apartment, including 

 6    such deregulation as results from claiming an 

 7    unlawful increase such as would have brought the 

 8    rent over the deregulation threshold that existed 

 9    under prior law, unless the landlord can prove 

10    good faith reliance on a directive or ruling by 

11    an administrative agency or court.  

12                 So that's (1).  So if the landlord 

13    sought to deregulate a unit based on instructions 

14    that they received from an agency -- in this 

15    case, DHCR, they may be covered and it may not be 

16    fraud.

17                 But then there's a part (2).  So 

18    it's "or (2)."  Beginning October 1, 2011, 

19    failing to register, as rent stabilized, any 

20    apartment in a building receiving J-51 or 421-a 

21    benefits.  Interesting.  There is no caveat with 

22    this one.  There is no reliance on agency 

23    instruction.  It just says if you failed to 

24    register as rent-stabilized any apartment in a 

25    building receiving J-51 or 421-a benefits after 


                                                               6924

 1    October 1, 2011.

 2                 Now, October 1, 2011, is 

 3    interesting, because there was another case by 

 4    the Court of Appeals where they determined -- I 

 5    believe it's the Roberts case -- where they 

 6    determined that -- and I got a nod from 

 7    Senator Kavanagh, thank you -- where they 

 8    determined that you had to go back and 

 9    reregister, even if you had been deregulated, you 

10    have to go back and reregister.  So a lot of 

11    these building owners went back and reregistered 

12    after October 1st of 2011.

13                 But, Madam President, I guess the 

14    question is, what happens if somebody -- and 

15    there was no instruction from DHCR at that time.  

16    There was a court ruling, and then there was 

17    instruction that came later.

18                 So I guess the question is, because 

19    the Legislature is taking the extraordinary 

20    measure of creating a vehicle for litigants to 

21    bring actions, and there is this presumption of 

22    fraud under (1) and (2) -- and (1) can be 

23    corrected if you show you were following 

24    instructions from an agency, but (2) can't.

25                 If you were supposed to deregulate 


                                                               6925

 1    or reregister after October 1, 2011, and you 

 2    didn't did do it, say, until 2014, because you 

 3    didn't receive any instructions, but you went 

 4    ahead and did it, and now it's 2023 -- are we 

 5    creating liability as a matter of law by passing 

 6    this for those three years or four years where 

 7    there was an inadvertent application or 

 8    inadvertent lapse in asking for that application 

 9    because there was no instruction?  

10                 That's what this bill does.  And 

11    that's a concern.  It should be a concern for all 

12    of us.  Because asking our building owners to 

13    write blank checks based on nothing more than 

14    following the instructions of the agency that we 

15    here in the State of New York have put in the 

16    position to actually provide that instruction.  

17                 So it puts us in a bit of an awkward 

18    position where this Legislature is being asked to 

19    pass a law that actually doesn't provide housing, 

20    doesn't allow access to housing, allows for a 

21    lawsuit predicated on fraud -- we're going to 

22    create the predicate for it -- and doesn't allow 

23    for an out.  Extraordinary.  I believe truly 

24    extraordinary, and something that I think we 

25    should all be concerned about.


                                                               6926

 1                 I don't see, Madam President, any 

 2    other interpretation of this particular provision 

 3    other than this.  We have a case that was decided 

 4    by the Court of Appeals.  The case did not expand 

 5    liability.  And now we have a bill before us that 

 6    fills in the gaps and then allows for a 

 7    retroactive application and blanket liability for 

 8    people who, because of the definitions in this 

 9    bill, will be automatically liable without a 

10    showing, as was required in the Grimm case, of an 

11    actual intent to defraud.

12                 So with that, I would ask if the 

13    sponsor would yield for a few questions.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

15    Kavanagh, do you yield?

16                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 I do want to stipulate that when I 

19    nodded my head before, it's because my colleague 

20    Senator Skoufis asked me if I wanted to go out 

21    and get an Italian ice --

22                 (Laughter.)

23                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   -- and I nodded 

24    my head.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Well, 


                                                               6927

 1    Madam President -- and Senator Kavanagh, I 

 2    apologize.  I apologize.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 6                 Senator Kavanagh, the case in and 

 7    around 2010 that required rent-stabilized 

 8    apartments that were deregulated to reregister, 

 9    do you recall the name of that case?

10                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I think you're 

11    referring to the Roberts case.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I am.  And thank 

13    you.  

14                 Madam President, through you, if the 

15    sponsor would continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

19    Madam President.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, is 

23    there -- I'm speaking specifically to Part B of 

24    the bill before us.  Is there a retroactive 

25    impact to this Part B?


                                                               6928

 1                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, Part B is intended to clarify in 

 3    statute that the standard for determining 

 4    fraud -- and that we had an opportunity to 

 5    discuss this earlier, on a previous bill -- that 

 6    the standard for determining fraud is not the 

 7    common-law standard of fraud which requires, you 

 8    know, very -- like reliance on the part of the 

 9    person on a specific factual assertion and some 

10    other things, but is instead the standard as it 

11    was in the case that my colleague cited 

12    favorably, Grimm, and also that Regina Metro also 

13    relies on and cites favorably.  

14                 And in Grimm, basically the landlord 

15    had -- the base rent for the rent that was being 

16    challenged was a rent that the property owner had 

17    basically improperly and falsely claimed was the 

18    legal rent.  And in Grimm the plaintiffs, the 

19    tenants won, and -- because Grimm found that when 

20    the landlord is intentionally choosing to 

21    misstate the rent, and that's the base rent of 

22    the case, that that's sufficient for the tenant 

23    to win the case.

24                 That is different from the 

25    Roberts case, which is -- Roberts was a case 


                                                               6929

 1    where the DHCR, the administrative agency in 

 2    question, had found that the receipt of a tax 

 3    break like the J-51 tax break was not -- did not 

 4    require that a unit stay regulated.  That was a 

 5    reversal of many years of standing law, which had 

 6    said if you're receiving J-51, you must be 

 7    regulated.  

 8                 And so when DHCR came out with a new 

 9    ruling about that, many landlords relied on that, 

10    including a very large complex I represented at 

11    the time, Stuyvesant Town and Peter Cooper 

12    Village, and began deregulating units pursuant to 

13    DHCR's current rules.  

14                 Regina Metro goes out of its way to 

15    say that's not fraud if you're relying on DHCR's 

16    ruling.  But if you're intentionally misstating 

17    the relevant facts, that that could be the basis 

18    for a fraud claim.

19                 And again, what this Part B says, 

20    after noting that the goal here is to basically 

21    codify the standard as it was both before and 

22    after Regina Metro, and before or after the 

23    HSTPA, and as articulated in Grimm, it's 

24    basically saying it's not the common-law standard 

25    for fraud, which is different, and is footnoted 


                                                               6930

 1    in one of these cases, but is instead to say that 

 2    the -- you would have to have -- in order to be 

 3    deemed to have committed fraud, you'll have 

 4    committed a material breach of a duty arising 

 5    under statutory, administrative or common law, to 

 6    disclose truthfully to the tenant or the 

 7    government agency or a judicial or administrative 

 8    tribunal the rent or regulatory status or lease 

 9    information for the purpose of claiming that 

10    something is regulated when it's in fact not.

11                 So what we're saying is that the 

12    standard as articulated in Grimm is the standard, 

13    and it gives you a few examples of circumstances 

14    where it might be presumed that you're then 

15    failing to meet that standard.  But that 

16    doesn't -- the second part of that paragraph that 

17    gives you those examples that are a product of 

18    fraud, it would still have to be the sort of 

19    fraud as it's defined in the first half of 

20    paragraph B.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

22    Senator.  

23                 Madam President, how are we doing on 

24    time?  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   You have 


                                                               6931

 1    about seven minutes left, Senator.

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.  

 4                 So if -- through you, 

 5    Madam President -- the sponsor would continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 8    Madam President.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   The sponsor does 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   I'm sorry, 

14    I was looking at the clock.

15                 The sponsor yields.  

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 So, Senator Kavanagh, this Part B at 

19    least appears to me to be in direct relation to 

20    the judges -- or the Court of Appeals decision in 

21    Regina Metro.  The whole purpose, as I read it, 

22    is to take a Court of Appeals decision and to 

23    address some concerns that the sponsor may have 

24    with regard to the court's decision, how it 

25    interpreted the need for fraud, and other things, 


                                                               6932

 1    through the language that you have here in this 

 2    bill.

 3                 Would that be fair?

 4                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  No, actually.  Not really.  

 6                 It's more given that Regina Metro, 

 7    you know -- as was true with the bill we 

 8    discussed earlier, Regina Metro altered and 

 9    declared invalid certain parts of Part F of the 

10    HSTPA, and that has caused courts to have to now 

11    interpret the HSTPA Part F as well as the 

12    Regina Metro decision itself.  And there's been 

13    some confusion about whether the common-law 

14    standard for fraud still applies, as it did 

15    before the HSTPA and as it did before 

16    Regina Metro.  

17                 And so what we're trying to say here 

18    is the law as it was defined in Grimm -- which -- 

19    and Grimm was a case where the fact that someone 

20    had intentionally misstated a legal rent was 

21    sufficient to say that they could -- they could 

22    satisfy the provision that permits one to go back 

23    past a four-year lookback.  Because the -- four 

24    years ago the base rent for considering the -- 

25    whether the current rent was legal had been 


                                                               6933

 1    intentionally misstated by the landlord in that 

 2    case.

 3                 Again, Grimm did not apply a 

 4    common-law fraud standard where the person who is 

 5    supposedly the victim of fraud or claims to be 

 6    the victim of fraud has to demonstrate a reliance 

 7    on the untruthfulness and some other factors.  

 8    But there have been some courts that think Regina 

 9    may have changed that standard, and they think 

10    that the HSTPA may have changed that standard.  

11                 And what we're saying is neither 

12    Regina -- we don't believe either Regina or HSTPA 

13    has changed its standard, and basically this -- 

14    and again, it specifically expresses an intent to 

15    maintain the same standard that was in effect 

16    before Regina Metro -- that's actually 

17    articulated at the top of Part B, which I won't 

18    read because my colleague might be running out of 

19    time here.  

20                 But again, Regina Metro was a case 

21    about not being allowed to retroactively change 

22    standards under this part if it would either 

23    reopen a case that had been closed or expose 

24    people to liability in certain circumstances that 

25    had been foreclosed by time or other factors.


                                                               6934

 1                 So the courts would presumably 

 2    police this if it in fact had that kind of 

 3    retroactive change, but it is not -- there's no 

 4    intent to retroactively change the law, it's just 

 5    to clarify it in statute, a fraud provision that 

 6    had grown up through cases like Grimm we now 

 7    would like to put in statute so people can read 

 8    it in black and white rather than doing 

 9    common-law research to determine what the 

10    standard is.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

12    Senator.

13                 Madam President, on the bill. 

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

15    Martins on the bill.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   You know, the 

17    Regina Metro case specifically said -- the 

18    Court of Appeals specifically said they're not 

19    taking a position on the prospective application 

20    of the HSTPA.  There's no question there.  The 

21    prospective application of the HSTPA allows the 

22    law to be enforced in total, six-year lookback, 

23    prospective.  

24                 The only thing Regina Metro did was 

25    not allow a retroactive application of the law.  


                                                               6935

 1    Because the court found, the court found that it 

 2    wasn't just a misapplication of the law, it was a 

 3    violation of the Constitution of the State of 

 4    New York and of the federal Constitution's due 

 5    process provisions.  

 6                 Because you can't change the law 

 7    halfway through, apply it retroactively and 

 8    expect people to know what they had to follow at 

 9    the time.  Because I think basic fairness says 

10    that we wouldn't accept that in our own lives, we 

11    don't pass laws retroactively and hold people 

12    accountable for conduct that was not regulated at 

13    the time.

14                 If this body decided today to tell 

15    motorists in New York that they can go through 

16    red lights and had to stop at green lights the 

17    and then issued tickets retroactively for people 

18    who went through green lights, everyone would 

19    understand that that's inherently unfair, a 

20    violation of due process.  

21                 Similarly, passing a law and asking 

22    for a bill to be passed on this floor without 

23    any, anything to do with affordable housing, 

24    access to housing, allowing people to be able to 

25    use and have access to affordable housing that we 


                                                               6936

 1    have available in New York State -- no, this 

 2    bill, what this bill does is only allows for 

 3    lawsuits against landlords by redefining fraud.  

 4                 And I know the sponsor said it's a 

 5    clarification.  A clarification or a retroactive 

 6    application, I guess it depends on the eye of the 

 7    beholder.  I'm going to say it's a retroactive 

 8    application that allows lawsuits against property 

 9    owners without due process.  And frankly, I find 

10    it to be unfair and unconstitutional and 

11    something that we should not consider and 

12    certainly shouldn't make a habit of in this 

13    house.  

14                 Madam President, I'll be voting nay.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

16    Palumbo, why do you rise?

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.  Will the sponsor yield for just 

19    a couple of questions?  And I have the rent bill 

20    in my hand this time.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

22    Kavanagh, do you yield?

23                 The Senator yields.  

24                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   For as many 

25    questions as Senator Palumbo has.


                                                               6937

 1                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 2    Senator.

 3                 So in Section 4, Part A, it mandates 

 4    that the property owners seeking to gain an 

 5    exemption from the rent control due to 

 6    improvements to the property, that they must 

 7    prove that it was a necessary renovation.  Could 

 8    you just explain to me what that -- what a 

 9    necessary renovation is and what sort of proof 

10    that would be required to be established as a 

11    necessary renovation?  

12                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  Is my colleague -- my colleague 

14    referred to Section 4, but I'm not sure that -- I 

15    want to make sure that we're talking about the 

16    same section.  Section 4 is just a repeal of a 

17    single -- you're talking about Part A, Section 4?  

18    That's a repeal of a single, no longer relevant 

19    provision.  It's just one sentence.  

20                 Maybe you mean Section 5?

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Yes.  Yes.  I 

22    apologize.  Section 5.  Yes, Section 4 is the 

23    repealer.  Next one.  Got it right here.

24                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Okay.  So 

25    through you, Madam President, this provision 


                                                               6938

 1    deals with substantial rehabilitation.  So it 

 2    is -- it is -- again, this is -- obviously this 

 3    bill is -- this small paragraph that's amended 

 4    here is embedded in a very long statute.  

 5                 In this context, "substantial 

 6    rehabilitation" means a building-wide 

 7    rehabilitation.  Which would usually be 

 8    undertaken when the building has very serious 

 9    problems like -- that might be caused by a fire 

10    or, you know, serious structural problems with 

11    the building.  And in those circumstances, it is 

12    possible to get -- if you undertake that work, 

13    you can get an exemption from the applicability 

14    of the rent laws.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.  

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

24    Senator.  

25                 So in that regard, if it's a 


                                                               6939

 1    dilapidated building and it didn't suffer some 

 2    sort of damage like fire, flood -- but it's an 

 3    old, really unkempt building, can that type of a 

 4    building, if an owner decides to put money into 

 5    it and renovate substantially, can they -- are 

 6    they eligible for the exemption at that point?  

 7                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  Again, because substantial 

 9    rehabilitation is -- it's embedded in a statute 

10    and a lot of regulations, there are definitions 

11    of substantial rehabilitation that would require 

12    really fundamental changes, replacements of 

13    building systems and other things, such that this 

14    really could only occur in a vacant structure.  

15                 So the -- but yes, I mean, I've -- 

16    I'm trying to -- it's been a long day, and I'm 

17    trying to remember where the question landed of 

18    my colleague.  But I think he's saying in that 

19    circumstance would you be -- would that building 

20    be exempt from -- 

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:  Correct.

22                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   -- from rent 

23    stabilization, and the answer is yes.  

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Okay.  One other 

25    section, Part B, near the end.  So at 


                                                               6940

 1    Section 2(a), and right above that it says --

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 3    Palumbo, are you asking the sponsor to yield?  

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Yes, ma'am, 

 5    Madam President --

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   -- would the 

 9    sponsor continue to yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

13    Madam President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

17                 And I'll direct your attention to 

18    that part, if I may, where it specifically 

19    mentions Regina Metro.  We won't cover -- my 

20    colleague covered that very thoroughly.  It's 

21    public policy of the Legislature that we clearly 

22    define the scope of the fraud exception, that it 

23    was not in the opinion, I guess, of the drafter, 

24    of the sponsor, that you don't want to discourage 

25    and penalize fraud against the rent regulatory 


                                                               6941

 1    system itself as well as against individual 

 2    tenants.  

 3                 And then in Section 2, this is the 

 4    operative part:  "2.(a) Nothing in this act, or 

 5    the HSTPA, or prior law, shall be construed as 

 6    restricting, impeding or diminishing the use of 

 7    records of any age or type, going back to any 

 8    date that may be relevant, for the purposes of 

 9    determining the status of any apartment under  

10    the rent stabilization law."  

11                 And this is something that I 

12    mentioned when we had our discussions earlier 

13    tonight.  But that documentary evidence or 

14    information can be used to determine if you were 

15    looking to, quote, unquote, I guess claw back a 

16    deregulated apartment and bring it back into the 

17    rent stabilization.  Is that accurate?  

18                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

19    Madam President.  This act would refer in this 

20    context to Part B.  You know, just -- because 

21    each part -- as the bill notes at the beginning, 

22    the bill is divided into Part A, Part B, and 

23    Part C.  And to the extent you're talking about 

24    an act, for example, the effective date at the 

25    bottom of Part B is "This act shall take effect 


                                                               6942

 1    immediately."  And "act" there refers to Part B. 

 2                 So what we're saying is nothing in 

 3    this act -- nothing in -- what that says is 

 4    nothing in Part B or in the HSTPA or prior law 

 5    shall be construed to do those things.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  On the bill.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 9    Palumbo on the bill.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

11    Senator Kavanagh.  

12                 And this is -- I mean, you've been 

13    doing this a lot of years.  You're an expert on 

14    this stuff.  I'm not.  Even when I have the same 

15    bill.  You know, I get pretty good with it, when 

16    I have the right bill in front of me.  

17                 But really what concerns me is this.  

18    And this is similar to what we've been talking 

19    about earlier.  Because now having been in the 

20    Legislature for 10 years, I've actually seen even 

21    this year a bill circulating allowing a 

22    retroactive almost do-over for -- in the 

23    appellate courts for a decision where the law, 

24    statutory law has changed recently that you might 

25    have the opportunity to get another bite at the 


                                                               6943

 1    apple.  

 2                 So when you couple that with what 

 3    this particular bill does, as I'm thinking about 

 4    this, I'm saying, could you imagine in the 

 5    United States of America that you have a 

 6    government that says, you know what, this 

 7    person's going to have due process, they're going 

 8    to have their day in court, happy day.  They go 

 9    to court, they go all the way up to the highest 

10    court in the state.  The highest court in the 

11    state says:  Actually, no, you have no case.  

12    Based upon all of the law, you haven't met 

13    United States Supreme Court standards -- which we 

14    were talking about earlier tonight, because 

15    that's the basis of a retroactive-application- 

16    type statute.

17                 And then the government says, I 

18    don't like the way that worked out.  You know 

19    what we're going to do?  We're going to change 

20    the law.  We're going to come back in a few 

21    weeks, we're going to change the law, and then 

22    we're going to have a provision in the law that 

23    allows you to go back and fix it.  

24                 Because we fixed it by statute 

25    because we as government know best.  Not the 


                                                               6944

 1    courts, not the existing law at the time of that 

 2    decision.  We're giving a giant do-over in an 

 3    industry, as we've been talking about -- I won't 

 4    belabor it -- that is absolutely crushing 

 5    property owners.  And again, they're not angels, 

 6    many of them, and they know to pay when they 

 7    don't do things properly.  

 8                 But we also need to use a carrot, 

 9    not only a stick, to cultivate this industry.  

10    Because you know what happens?  They leave.  Or 

11    they have dilapidated, disgusting buildings that 

12    they don't want to put hundreds of thousands if 

13    not millions of dollars into in order to have 

14    some return on their investment.  

15                 Because that's not how it works in 

16    business.  You don't say, You know what I'm going 

17    to do, I'm going to take a bunch of my reserves, 

18    I'm going to pour it into this building, and I 

19    want to make less than 1 percent.  That's what I 

20    want to do.  I want to take all this money that I 

21    have in my hand, I want to put it someplace and 

22    not make any money on it.  Because that's not 

23    reality.  

24                 So, Madam President and 

25    Senator Kavanagh, it's late in the evening and I 


                                                               6945

 1    do appreciate your indulgence.  I just can't 

 2    support this bill.  And most importantly, the 

 3    retroactive aspect of it I believe is 

 4    unconstitutional.  

 5                 And for those purposes, I'll be 

 6    voting no.  

 7                 Thank you, Madam President.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Weber, why do you rise?

10                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

11    Madam President.  Will the sponsor yield just for 

12    a couple of questions?

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Kavanagh, do you yield?

15                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

16    Madam President.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  As it stands now, the -- and 

21    hopefully you can supply some clarity, rent 

22    stabilized apartments must be the primary 

23    residence of the tenant.

24                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

25    Madam President, there's nothing in -- I don't 


                                                               6946

 1    think there's anything in this bill that requires 

 2    that.  But yeah, that is a provision of the rent 

 3    stabilization law.

 4                 SENATOR WEBER:   Right.  So it seems 

 5    like from the language, the way I interpret it or 

 6    as it's been pointed out to me, that the new 

 7    language gives the tenant the right to pass along 

 8    the apartment to a successor, basically, or a 

 9    relative or some sort of heir, even if they've 

10    not been using it as their primary residence?  

11                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  You know, this language is 

13    complicated, and I think it would be helpful if 

14    we refer to the specific language, so -- just 

15    because it will be -- it will just be easier to 

16    be clear.

17                 I believe my colleague is referring 

18    to Section 3 of Part A on page 4 of the bill, is 

19    that right?

20                 SENATOR WEBER:   Right.  The area 

21    where -- through you, Madam President, will the 

22    sponsor yield?  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 


                                                               6947

 1    Madam President, yes.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WEBER:   Right.  I guess the 

 5    area where it talks about permanently vacated and 

 6    a definition and so forth.

 7                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yeah.  Through 

 8    you, Madam President, if I may explain, there are 

 9    currently -- there have been for a very long time 

10    provisions in the rent laws, in the rent 

11    stabilization law that permit successors.  And 

12    they must be family members, and they must be 

13    residents of the building -- I'm sorry, they must 

14    be a resident of the apartment along with the 

15    tenant of record for a defined period of time.  

16                 The defined period depends on 

17    whether they're a senior citizen or whether 

18    they're a disabled person or some other factor.  

19                 This provision, again -- in our 

20    effort to clarify the law and minimize the need 

21    for future litigation, it has come up in cases, 

22    when is the relevant period to measure whether 

23    the person has met that obligation to be living 

24    in the unit before the primary tenant vacates.  

25    And courts in the First and Second Departments 


                                                               6948

 1    have concluded in litigation on two different -- 

 2    they've picked two different rules for this.  

 3                 So what this provision does is just 

 4    add a single sentence to an existing structure.  

 5    You already have to have been a resident, along 

 6    with the primary resident, immediately prior to 

 7    that person permanently vacating.  And it just 

 8    says permanently vacating means the point at 

 9    which the resident actually -- the primary 

10    resident actually left the unit, the tenant of 

11    record actually left the unit.  

12                 So, for example, if Senator Skoufis 

13    and I were -- met the family definition and were 

14    living in an apartment and I had -- and we had a 

15    lease -- and I was the sole tenant of record and 

16    I left the apartment now, but my -- but the lease 

17    went through July, this bill says the point at 

18    which you're looking, whether the continuous -- 

19    you know, the joint occupancy provision has been 

20    met, would be this moment when I leave, as 

21    opposed to, say, you know, three or four months 

22    from now when the lease expires.  

23                 But again, you know, theoretically, 

24    you could go -- you could pick either of those as 

25    the option, because two different courts have 


                                                               6949

 1    split on how to define this provision.  We 

 2    thought it was worth clarifying.

 3                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

 4    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 9    Madam President.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WEBER:   I want to give you 

13    maybe a scenario based on the new language.  

14                 You know, if someone rents a 

15    stabilized apartment and you live, say, in 

16    Rockland or Bedford or the Hamptons and use it 

17    only to see, you know -- meaning you reside in 

18    the Hamptons and you have the apartment in the 

19    city and you only use it temporarily, is that 

20    your interpretation that that could be used like 

21    that right now?

22                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  No, this really does not have 

24    to do with the question of whether you're meeting 

25    the -- as was noted before, there is a primary 


                                                               6950

 1    residence requirement in the rent laws.  And if 

 2    you violate that, that could be a basis for 

 3    eviction.  

 4                 This bill is about when succession 

 5    rights adhere to someone who is not the tenant.  

 6    If you're the tenant of record, you don't need 

 7    succession rights.  

 8                 So again, if -- let's say a parent 

 9    has a valid tenancy and they are a primary 

10    resident and they live there, and they are going 

11    to move out but their son or daughter is living 

12    in the unit with them, they have to live in the 

13    unit for a particular period of time before the 

14    parent leaves.  And, you know, continuously up to 

15    that moment, and then they have the succession 

16    right.

17                 This just defines -- it's a fairly 

18    narrow issue, but it just defines what the phrase 

19    "permanently vacated" means.  I think some courts 

20    have interpreted it to have kind of a legal 

21    vacature where the lease was up even though the 

22    parent might have moved out six months ago, but 

23    they waited, you know, till the end of the lease.  

24    And other courts have said no, if -- the moment 

25    the parent moves out is the moment that it 


                                                               6951

 1    qualifies as permanently vacated.

 2                 So this law just picks the latter as 

 3    the rule because, again, the First and the Second 

 4    Department, without guidance, have interpreted 

 5    this provision differently.

 6                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

 7    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

12    Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

14    sponsor yields.  

15                 SENATOR WEBER:   So under the 

16    provisions now, if the successor or, say, the son 

17    in this case is now in the apartment, the mother 

18    can continue to pay the rent?

19                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, there's nothing in the rent laws 

21    to prevent somebody else from paying your rent if 

22    they choose to.

23                 SENATOR WEBER:   And through you, 

24    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

25    yield?


                                                               6952

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Yes, 

 4    Madam President.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR WEBER:   The concern I'm 

 8    hearing from a lot of people who own these type 

 9    of properties is that some of these new 

10    provisions could encourage people to hoard 

11    apartments which really need to go to people who 

12    are in need and -- you know, it's not supposed to 

13    be landlords necessarily subsidizing someone's 

14    vacation home, potentially.  And under this new 

15    provision, they're concerned that that could be 

16    the case.  

17                 When you wrote these new provisions 

18    did you consider such consequences?

19                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  This provision mirrors the 

21    existing law, the status quo in one of the two 

22    departments that have had to interpret the rent 

23    laws.  Because, again, the rent laws only apply 

24    in Nassau and New York City and Rockland and 

25    Westchester at the moment.  


                                                               6953

 1                 But this -- this is the status quo 

 2    in about -- in a portion of that jurisdiction, 

 3    and it is not the status quo because the court 

 4    has interpreted it differently.

 5                 But I can't think of a way that this 

 6    provision, one way or the other, would cause 

 7    someone or encourage someone to hoard apartments.  

 8                 This is just a provision about when 

 9    somebody was actually physically living in the 

10    apartment for a significant period with the 

11    tenant and is a family -- and qualifies as a 

12    family member, can basically receive succession 

13    rights and continue to live there.

14                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you.

15                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Are there 

17    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

18                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

19    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

20                 Read the last section.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

22    act shall take effect immediately.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Call the 

24    roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               6954

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 2    Kavanagh to explain his vote.  

 3                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President.  

 5                 I want to note that my previously 

 6    hypothetical family member is voting no on this 

 7    bill, Senator Skoufis, which doesn't seem right 

 8    somehow.

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   But I do want to 

11    just clarify; we had a lot of discussion today 

12    about renter activity.  

13                 The Regina Metro case is about the 

14    Court of Appeals policing the circumstances in 

15    which we cannot apply laws in this room 

16    retroactively.  It is, as was mentioned in 

17    earlier debate, sometimes a complicated, nuanced 

18    analysis.  But this bill, as well as the bill we 

19    discussed previously, repeatedly states that the 

20    goal is not to create new kinds of retroactive 

21    liability but to clarify the law so that courts 

22    don't have to continue to review Regina Metro and 

23    figure out exactly what they meant.  

24                 And again, this provision that we 

25    were discussing today, especially with 


                                                               6955

 1    Senator Martins, specifically says that it is our 

 2    goal to mirror the standard as it appeared in 

 3    Grimm, which is the law that predated 

 4    Regina Metro and was in place with the HSTPA.

 5                 But again, I think the discussion 

 6    we've had today has been important, and I 

 7    appreciate my colleagues shedding light on these 

 8    matters.  And I will be voting aye.

 9                 Thank you.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

11    Kavanagh to be recorded in the affirmative.

12                 Senator Martins to explain his vote.

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  I'll be brief.  

15                 Madam President, as I stated 

16    earlier, I'll be voting no, and I think I just 

17    voted no.  

18                 But there is no reason for this bill 

19    other than to allow for the retroactive 

20    application of lawsuits against landlords.  None.  

21    If there was, we wouldn't need it, because 

22    Regina Metro actually says it has no application 

23    to a prospective approach.  We're in 2023.  There 

24    was a four-year lookback as of 2019 when the law 

25    was passed.  We're well within the six years.  


                                                               6956

 1    This is all about applying it retroactively.  

 2                 It's wrong.  We should not be doing 

 3    that.  We should be focusing our attention not on 

 4    defunding landlords but encouraging them to 

 5    reinvest and create greater housing and more 

 6    affordability.  I vote no.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 8    Martins to be recorded in the negative.

 9                 Announce the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

11    Calendar 747, those Senators voting in the 

12    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

13    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

14    Lanza, Mannion, Martinez, Martins, Mattera, 

15    Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, 

16    Rolison, Scarcella-Spanton, Skoufis, Stec, 

17    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

18                 Ayes, 37.  Nays, 25.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The bill 

20    is passed.

21                 Senator Gianaris.

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   All right, 

23    Madam President.  What we expect to be the final 

24    debate of the night, Calendar 1802, by 

25    Senator Skoufis.  It's going to be a doozy.  


                                                               6957

 1                 (Laughter.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 3    Secretary will read.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    1802, Assembly Bill Number 4282B, by 

 6    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

 7    Town Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 9    Lanza, why do you rise? 

10                 SENATOR LANZA:   Madam President, I 

11    believe there's an amendment at the desk, the 

12    last amendment I believe will appear at the desk.  

13                 I waive the reading of that 

14    amendment and ask that you recognize 

15    Senator Weik.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you, 

17    Senator Lanza.  

18                 Upon review of the amendment, in 

19    accordance with Rule 6, Section 4B, I rule it 

20    nongermane and out of order at this time.

21                 SENATOR LANZA:   Accordingly, 

22    Madam President, I appeal the ruling of the chair 

23    and ask that Senator Weik be heard on the appeal.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The appeal 

25    has been made and recognized, and Senator Weik 


                                                               6958

 1    may be heard.

 2                 SENATOR WEIK:   Thank you, 

 3    Madam President.

 4                 This amendment is germane to the 

 5    bill-in-chief because the constitutional 

 6    amendment requires local elections in New York 

 7    City to be held on even years, and the underlying 

 8    bill requires local elections around the state to 

 9    be held on even years, with the exception of 

10    New York City.  

11                 According to the sponsor of the 

12    underlying bill, New York's current system of 

13    holding certain town and other local elections in 

14    odd-numbered years leads to voter confusion and 

15    contributes to low voter turnout in local 

16    elections.  

17                 For this reason, I'm confused why 

18    the sponsor is not pushing for the constitutional 

19    amendment to have New York City elections to be 

20    held on the even years.  This -- the reason my 

21    bill -- the reason my bill ca -- ca -- cares out?  

22    Excuse me.  It's late, and I can't see straight 

23    (laughing).  

24                  -- carves our local elections 

25    outside New York City is because I have heard 


                                                               6959

 1    intense pushback from my locals on this bill.  

 2    The locals I represent believe having local 

 3    elections on odd years allows for candidates and 

 4    voters to focus on local issues without being 

 5    drowned out by state and national issues.

 6                 And having been a local elected 

 7    official for many years, I know that it's so 

 8    important -- and so many of us in this room 

 9    started off by being a local elected official.  

10    And those issues that pertain to our towns and 

11    our counties and our villages are so very 

12    different than the national issues.  They really 

13    do deserve the attention of our voters, and the 

14    voters should have the opportunity to separate 

15    those issues from national issues and really 

16    understand who they're voting for, what the 

17    issues are, and why they're voting.

18                 So to combine all of these is really 

19    just an effort to shove everything in one and not 

20    allow voters to separate what the issues are and 

21    make an educated choice.

22                 For these reasons, I would strongly 

23    urge the members of this chamber to support my 

24    amendment.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President.


                                                               6960

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 2    Gianaris.

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Before we move 

 4    on, allow me to move that session remain in 

 5    session beyond the hour of midnight.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   So 

 7    ordered.

 8                 Thank you, Senator Weik.

 9                 I want to remind the house that the 

10    vote is on the procedures of the house and the 

11    ruling of the chair.  

12                 Those in favor of overruling the 

13    chair, signify by saying aye.

14                 (Response of "Aye.")

15                 SENATOR LANZA:   Show of hands.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   A show of 

17    hands has been requested and so ordered.

18                 Announce the results.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 21.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The ruling 

21    of the chair stands, and the bill-in-chief is now 

22    before the house.

23                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, why 

24    do you rise?

25                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   


                                                               6961

 1    Thank you, Madam President.  I was wondering if 

 2    the sponsor would yield for a few questions.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

 4    Skoufis, do you yield?  

 5                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Of course.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 9    Thank you, Senator Skoufis.  I guess we'll start 

10    what has been described as a doozy of a debate.  

11                 I would like to ask you why this 

12    legislation has been proposed.

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

14    Madam President, I think it's a great place to 

15    start.  

16                 This is not a new bill.  This isn't 

17    a bill that should take anyone by surprise.  It 

18    hasn't come out of nowhere.  In fact, this bill 

19    was introduced originally, or a version of this 

20    bill was introduced originally on April 17, 2013, 

21    by then-Senator Carlucci, and so it's been around 

22    for over a decade at this point, just over a 

23    decade.

24                 And the reason why I sponsor the 

25    bill and why I've pushed the bill and why it's 


                                                               6962

 1    here on the floor is because I believe that we 

 2    have a responsibility, an obligation as 

 3    policymakers to create an environment that 

 4    fosters high voter turnout and participation.

 5                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

 6    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

14    Thank you.  

15                 Do you have any data or polling to 

16    support the fact that there is some difference in 

17    voter turnout between odd and even years?  

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

19    Madam President, there is almost endless 

20    empirical evidence that demonstrates moving local 

21    municipal elections from odd years to even years 

22    when there are other contests on the ballot 

23    without exception increases voter participation 

24    in those local elections.  

25                 Just a couple of examples.  El Paso, 


                                                               6963

 1    Texas, in 2017, prior to their shift to an 

 2    even-year cycle, their mayoral election had a 

 3    mere 8 percent voter turnout.  In 2020, aligned 

 4    with a presidential cycle and other races, their 

 5    voter turnout was 45 percent in that same mayoral 

 6    election, a 460 percent increase from 2017.

 7                 The only other state that requires 

 8    local elections to be on even-year cycles is 

 9    Nevada.  They recently had their first cycle in 

10    which local races were on an even-year cycle, and 

11    one example from Nevada, in 2022, which was their 

12    first time doing this, the North Las Vegas 

13    municipal election saw voter turnout of 

14    11,061 voters.  In 2019, their previous cycle, 

15    they saw less than half of that, 4,661.

16                 So there's not just an increase in 

17    voter participation, there's an enormous increase 

18    in voter participation.  

19                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

20    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

21    continue to yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 


                                                               6964

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 3    those facts that you just stated were from out 

 4    of -- from other states.  

 5                 Do we have any information about 

 6    elections within New York State that indicate 

 7    that there should be a better turnout on these 

 8    even years versus odd?

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, there is some limited data.  

11    There are, by my count, four counties in New York 

12    that hold their county elections or choose to 

13    hold their county elections on even year cycles, 

14    including Putnam county and Broome County, among 

15    a couple of others.  

16                 And yes, certainly the turnout in 

17    those county races in those even-year cycles is 

18    dramatically higher than counties that hold their 

19    county elections on odd-year cycles.

20                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

21    Through you, Madam President, would the sponsor 

22    continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.


                                                               6965

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 4    you mentioned two other jurisdictions.  Is 

 5    that -- can I assume from that that there are 

 6    only two states that have a provision that 

 7    require local elections in even years?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  Currently there's one other 

10    state, Nevada.  There are a host of other states 

11    that provide for an option.

12                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

13    Okay.  Through you, Madam President, will the 

14    sponsor continue to yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

21    absent from this legislation is any applicability 

22    to New York City.  And based on what I saw, the 

23    most recent mayoral election in 2021 had the 

24    lowest voter turnout.  And I'm wondering, has the 

25    sponsor considered making this bill applicable to 


                                                               6966

 1    New York City and why you haven't?

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  The short answer is yes, in 

 4    terms of whether it was considered.  

 5                 But the reality is, as we just heard 

 6    a little bit about prior, there is a 

 7    constitutional requirement for cities to hold 

 8    their local elections on odd-year cycles.  I'm 

 9    supportive of moving forward with the multiyear 

10    process of amending the constitution and shifting 

11    cities into an even-year cycle, as well as -- and 

12    I'm sure it will come up during the debate -- a 

13    number of constitutionally protected offices that 

14    are carved out from this particular bill.  

15                 But that is a multiyear process, and 

16    I look forward to supporting that kind of an 

17    amendment next year, as well as the following 

18    cycle, because as you know, two successive 

19    legislatures have to past a constitutional 

20    amendment.

21                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

22    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

23    continue to yield.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               6967

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Yes, the 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 5    I think it's worth noting, since we're talking 

 6    about constitutional amendments, that this body 

 7    has proposed three election-related ballot 

 8    measures in the year 2021 that all related to 

 9    election issues, and all three of them failed.  

10                 And I'm wondering if you've 

11    considered whether the legislation coming out of 

12    this body has now been rejected three times by 

13    the voters, so is it possible we don't have a 

14    good sense of what the voters truly want when it 

15    relates to Election Law?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

17    Madam President.  I understand what you're 

18    referencing.  However, I -- quite frankly, I 

19    don't connect those same dots.  

20                 The referenda that were rejected 

21    last year are completely unrelated to this issue 

22    and dealt with issues such as I believe same-day 

23    voter registration, among others.  

24                 And I will note that voter turnout 

25    last year, the turnout that rejected those 


                                                               6968

 1    amendments, was extremely low.

 2                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 3    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

 4    continue to yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

11    in my county we have quite lengthy ballots, and 

12    it has typically your federal candidates all the 

13    way to the left, a lot of judges in the middle, 

14    and then state candidates all the way to the 

15    right, like State Senator and State Assembly.  

16    And the ballot is quite lengthy.  

17                 And I'm wondering if you've 

18    considered that issue in adding more to the 

19    ballot.

20                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

21    Madam President.  The answer is yes, that was 

22    considered.  And there was some consultation 

23    between the State Board of Elections and myself 

24    on this particular issue.  

25                 It's my understanding that outside 


                                                               6969

 1    of New York City, the typical ballot length, the 

 2    physical ballot length outside of New York City 

 3    is about 17 inches.  The machines that can accept 

 4    ballots can accept ballots up to 22 inches wide.  

 5    And so there's actually, in most jurisdictions, 

 6    five inches of space left for larger paper that 

 7    can be utilized.

 8                 But I will also note, in the 

 9    unlikely event that 22 inches is not even enough, 

10    there's nothing that prevents us from having 

11    multiple ballots.  Of course, that is not ideal.  

12    We want to be able to fit everything on one 

13    ballot, as opposed to two.  

14                 But in New York City, it is 

15    commonplace for there to be multiple ballots.  

16    They've been doing that for many, many years.  

17    But I believe 22 inches will satisfy the very 

18    large majority of circumstances.  

19                 And I'll note that again in those 

20    four counties that are already on an even-year 

21    cycle, they are, I'm told, able to keep their 

22    races on one ballot.  

23                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

24    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield.


                                                               6970

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 7    I hope you're right, because people like me that 

 8    now need reading glasses, we don't want the print 

 9    to get so small that we have a difficult time 

10    reading it, because we obviously want to 

11    encourage people to get all the way to the end of 

12    the ballot.  

13                 And I notice that the sponsor shares 

14    that opinion.  And if I could -- indulge me a 

15    moment -- I'd like to read something from a bill 

16    that you previously sponsored, Senate Bill 5943, 

17    where you say:  "In New York, the current ballot 

18    order is structured in a way that judicial 

19    candidates are listed prior to congressional and 

20    state candidates.  Very few members of the public 

21    actually know who the judicial candidates are, 

22    and these candidates are often unopposed.  When 

23    the Board of Elections list the candidates in 

24    this manner on the ballot and force candidates in 

25    competitive races to the end of the ballot, it 


                                                               6971

 1    results in drop-offs, when voters decide on the 

 2    president, for example, but leave blank all other 

 3    races on the ballot."

 4                 So I was wondering if the sponsor 

 5    could comment to me as to how you think this 

 6    issue is addressed by making our ballot even 

 7    longer.

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  That's a good question.  

10                 I am familiar with that bill.  As 

11    you noted, I sponsor it.  We've passed that bill 

12    in this chamber.  We're hopeful that the Assembly 

13    passes it before breaking for the year.  

14                 But the fact is that yes, there is 

15    some drop-off as you move down the columns on a 

16    ballot.  That is human nature.  Some people only 

17    show up for those first couple of columns, 

18    whether it's president or governor or U.S. Senate 

19    or whatever it might be.  

20                 But the drop-off is quite marginal.  

21    We're not talking, you know, 10 percent drop-off 

22    from column to column, we're talking a pretty 

23    small number.  That said, we want to certainly 

24    mitigate that as much as possible, even if it is 

25    a small number.  


                                                               6972

 1                 The fact is that, again, using some 

 2    of the examples I mentioned before, even if there 

 3    is a small drop-off once you get to those local 

 4    races, if this is enacted -- at the end of the 

 5    ballot, even considering that marginal, that 

 6    small drop-off, the total turnout will be 

 7    exponentially higher than what it currently is in 

 8    odd-year cycles.

 9                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

10    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

11    continue to yield?

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

13    Skoufis, do you yield?  

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    Senator yields.

17                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

18    Well, certainly I hope you're right that there 

19    won't be drop-off, because the people in this 

20    chamber are likely going to be the people that 

21    are all the way at the end of that ballot.  

22                 What I'd like to do is review with 

23    you the fact that it -- reading this statute, it 

24    says that the Village Law is amended, but only 

25    for the guidelines for governments operating 


                                                               6973

 1    principally as a town.  

 2                 So can I interpret that to mean that 

 3    this does not apply to the local village 

 4    elections which, under New York State Village 

 5    Law, are held either in March or August?  

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, that is correct.  The provision 

 8    you're referencing refers to the half-dozen or so 

 9    municipalities in New York that are coterminous 

10    town villages.

11                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

12    Okay.  Thank you.  

13                 Madam President, will the 

14    spokeswoman continue to yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

16    continue to yield?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

21    I also noted that Section 3 states that 

22    County Law will -- that this will apply to county 

23    elected officials, but that it does not apply to 

24    the sheriff, the county clerk, the district 

25    attorney, Family Court judge, County Court judge, 


                                                               6974

 1    Surrogate Court judge or any offices with a 

 2    three-year term.

 3                 So in my read of this, it appears 

 4    that -- for instance, in Nassau County, where I'm 

 5    from, we have a county executive, which most 

 6    counties have.  We also have county legislators.  

 7    And then of course we do have a DA, a county 

 8    clerk, and those are also county-wide elections.  

 9    So my read of this is that we would potentially 

10    have even-year elections for the county 

11    executive, county legislator, and then continue 

12    on an odd year for the district attorney and the 

13    county clerk.  

14                 Is my interpretation accurate?  

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, yes.  That is a constitutional 

17    requirement.  

18                 Or let me rephrase that.  We had to 

19    carve out those provisions due to a provision in 

20    the State Constitution that requires, when 

21    there's a vacancy in those particular offices, 

22    there is a near immediate special election that 

23    triggers a full new term.  And so if there's a 

24    vacancy in an odd year, the State Constitution 

25    requires that the special election happen in that 


                                                               6975

 1    odd year for a new usually four-year term.  

 2                 And so that's why we couldn't 

 3    include those offices in this bill.  I would have 

 4    liked to have, but the Constitution prevented us 

 5    from doing so.

 6                 That is -- and I referenced this 

 7    before, that is also something that I would look 

 8    to clean up with a constitutional amendment.

 9                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

10    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

11    continue to yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

18    in this situation, it's conceivable that a county 

19    will have elections almost every year, especially 

20    if they have two-year terms for their county exec 

21    or their county leg, that now you're creating a 

22    situation where counties are going to have -- 

23    every year have an election.  

24                 And that's a tremendous expense to 

25    these counties.  We have rent, we have poll 


                                                               6976

 1    watchers, there's -- because of the printing of 

 2    ballots, that you must have a certain number of 

 3    electronic ballots on hand.  

 4                 So have you thought about the cost 

 5    to the counties trying to run these elections 

 6    that, as I said, potentially could be every year 

 7    going forward?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  Certainly I've contemplated 

10    that.  

11                 I'll just note that counties who 

12    administer these elections, they're already 

13    administering elections every year.  You know, 

14    whether it's a county election or not, the county 

15    BOE is still administering the presidential-year 

16    elections and the gubernatorial-year elections.  

17    So they're already administering elections every 

18    November.

19                 There will be some modest -- and I 

20    don't want to overstate the savings, but there 

21    will be some modest savings in those situations 

22    where you do have DAs and sheriffs and county 

23    clerks, in particular, and the county judicial 

24    offices.  Which in most counties are aligned on 

25    the same odd-year cycle.  


                                                               6977

 1                 Those will continue happening until 

 2    we hopefully enact a constitutional amendment 

 3    that shifts them as well.  But then in the 

 4    subsequent odd-year cycle when they're not up, 

 5    there should not be in many cases county-wide 

 6    elections.  And you will see some modest savings 

 7    in those particular cycles.  So once every four 

 8    years.  

 9                 But make no mistake, right now 

10    county BOEs administer elections every year.

11                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

12    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

13    continue to yield? 

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

18    sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

20    one of the things that I mentioned earlier when I 

21    was quoting from the other bill that you sponsor 

22    was the fact that the public actually -- very few 

23    members of the public actually know who judicial 

24    candidates are.  

25                 And in the situation that we've just 


                                                               6978

 1    described where we're going to have the county 

 2    exec and the county clerk on the even years and 

 3    now a lot of the judges -- or almost all of 

 4    them -- on the odd years, are we going to get 

 5    turnout for those judges?

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  I assume you mean the judges 

 8    that are carved out of this bill due to the 

 9    constitutional constraints.  

10                 And look, you know, I would suggest 

11    that turnout is already so low in these odd-year 

12    elections, they probably can't go much lower.  If 

13    they do drop at all -- because there is not a 

14    county executive race on the ballot, for 

15    example -- I do think it would be pretty 

16    marginal.

17                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:  

18    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

19    continue to yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:  Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 


                                                               6979

 1    I know that you mentioned initially that this 

 2    bill has been hanging around for a number of 

 3    years.  

 4                 Has there been a request from 

 5    someone or NYCOM, an agency, an organization, 

 6    that has requested this legislation?  Because I 

 7    have to tell you, in my district I'm getting a 

 8    lot of pushback and a lot of objection.

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

10    Madam President.  Certainly there are a number of 

11    organizations that support this bill and that 

12    have been seeking reforms like this for some 

13    time.  Common Cause, for example, which is a 

14    well-known good government group up here, and 

15    Citizen Union, which is based in New York City, 

16    are actually in the middle of a campaign to adopt 

17    a constitutional amendment to move cities to even 

18    years, as we were talking about before.  

19                 But most importantly, I've heard 

20    from many voters who, quite frankly, don't 

21    understand the patchwork of elections that we 

22    have right now.  

23                 As you know, out on Long Island, 

24    just as exists in the Hudson Valley and in most 

25    places, especially outside of cities, we're not 


                                                               6980

 1    just talking about November general elections and 

 2    state and federal Primary Day -- once every four 

 3    years the presidential primary, which is about to 

 4    come up next year -- but we also have school 

 5    board and school budget elections.  Many of us 

 6    have village elections in the spring.  Many of us 

 7    have fire district and commissioner elections and 

 8    water district and commissioner elections, and 

 9    the list goes on and on and on.  

10                 And so I hear from voters 

11    constantly:  Do something about this!  We have 

12    voter fatigue.  We can't keep up and keep track 

13    of all of the elections and races.  

14                 And so this is an attempt to start 

15    the consolidation process.  And I agree probably 

16    with many of you in this room, including across 

17    the aisle, that there is more work to be done 

18    even after this is enacted.  But this is the 

19    start of that attempt.

20                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

21    Through you, Madam President, will the sponsor 

22    continue to yield.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Does the 

24    sponsor yield?

25                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.


                                                               6981

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

 2    sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   So 

 4    as you were just describing, there are so many 

 5    different elections that could potentially be 

 6    held.  As my colleague Senator Weik mentioned 

 7    just in her potential amendment to this bill, 

 8    there is the potential, in my opinion, for voter 

 9    confusion regarding which issues affect the 

10    state, which affect us nationwide, which affect 

11    us school-district-wide.  

12                 And aren't we, by lumping all of 

13    these elections into one year, potentially 

14    causing voter confusion about the issues that 

15    each of the candidates may be, you know, running 

16    on?  And, you know, for voters to understand the 

17    different levels of government that they're faced 

18    with on a ballot that's now 22 inches long, are 

19    we potentially setting up some confusion for the 

20    voters?  

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, I firmly do not believe so.  

23                 We're not talking about adding a 

24    half-dozen, eight, 10, 12 races to the ballot.  

25    At any given time we're talking about maybe a 


                                                               6982

 1    supervisor and town board and some town local 

 2    elections, or a county executive and county leg, 

 3    which is literally two additional races.  

 4                 I will note that in your home 

 5    county, Nassau County, up until the 1970s 

 6    Nassau County actually held their county 

 7    elections on an even-year cycle.  And at that 

 8    time there were about 200,000 more Republicans 

 9    than Democrats on the rolls, I'm told, in 

10    Nassau County.  Yet despite that, in 1970 the 

11    Republican county executive, by the name of 

12    Ralph Caso, had an unexpectedly very close 

13    election.  And it was only then that the 

14    Republican majority and county executive decided 

15    to actually shift to an odd-year cycle, in an 

16    attempt -- from their perspective, right or 

17    wrong -- to decrease voter turnout on the 

18    Democratic side which they believed was happening 

19    in these even years.  

20                 And it's my understanding from 

21    people that I've spoken to in Nassau County that 

22    there were never any complaints up until that 

23    change about voter confusion, about people not 

24    knowing, you know, who's running for county 

25    executive versus who's running for Congress.  And 


                                                               6983

 1    I understand it worked very well up until that 

 2    change was made.

 3                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

 4    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield?

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

 7    continue to yield?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

12    Well, it's funny -- because in 1970 I couldn't 

13    vote; I doubt that you were even born.  But the 

14    funny thing is -- and you've opened the door to 

15    the possibility that there's a motivation to 

16    shifting these elections that may be in fact 

17    political and not necessarily for the voters.  

18                 Because in 1970 your statement 

19    indicates -- and as I said, I don't know, right 

20    or wrong, was it motivated because the Democrats 

21    maybe came out more on the even year and they 

22    said, Let's shift it?  And that has been 

23    suggested by many of the people that are opposed 

24    to this legislation.

25                 I'd like to ask you, though, how 


                                                               6984

 1    this would affect -- and I'll give you a 

 2    hypothetical, which is not really a hypothetical, 

 3    it's actuality -- that our county executive in 

 4    Nassau County was elected in November of 2021 for 

 5    a term that began on January 1st of 2022.  His 

 6    term will expire on December 31st of 2025.  And 

 7    his election would be in November of 2025.  

 8                 Can you tell me how this bill will 

 9    affect his next election?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.  Through 

11    you, Madam President.  Very simply, when he or 

12    whomever else runs for county executive in 2025, 

13    he'll be running for a three-year term instead of 

14    a four-year term, which will then get him or 

15    whomever wins onto an even-year cycle thereafter.

16                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

17    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

18    yield.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Do you 

20    continue to yield?

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   I 

25    have a trouble with that, considering we have 


                                                               6985

 1    typical four-year terms.  And we have a county 

 2    charter that I believe states that our county 

 3    executive is elected for a four-year term.  

 4                 So I'm wondering, how does the 

 5    sponsor wrestle with that potential override of 

 6    the county charter in Nassau County?

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, that is considered in this 

 9    amended version.  And we, in conjunction with the 

10    State Board of Elections, or in consultation with 

11    the State Board of Elections, we included 

12    language that effectively preempts county 

13    charters.

14                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

15    Madam President, on the bill.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

17    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick on the bill.

18                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   I 

19    want to thank Senator Skoufis for engaging in 

20    this debate about this new bill.

21                 I have some serious concerns.  I 

22    believe that our voters are overwhelmed with 

23    multiple candidates running.  And by shifting 

24    these -- consolidating these elections onto very 

25    lengthy ballots, potentially going to two pages, 


                                                               6986

 1    is going to cause that voter drop-off that I 

 2    referred to earlier.

 3                 I do -- as I did say, this body has 

 4    proposed multiple constitutional amendments, 

 5    three of which were related to Election Law, and 

 6    the voters have rejected all three of them.  So I 

 7    do think that's an indication that the voters are 

 8    not happy with the election reforms that are 

 9    coming out of this body.

10                 I do think that there is extreme -- 

11    excuse me, that there will be an additional 

12    expense to localities trying to hold elections on 

13    multiple years with, you know, rent and with 

14    printing of ballots and with paying for poll 

15    watchers -- I'm sorry, poll workers.  I think 

16    that those expenses are going to be burdensome 

17    and another unfunded mandate to our local 

18    governments.

19                 Most troubling, though, as I stated, 

20    is I do think that there is sort of the elephant 

21    in the room -- no pun intended with the side of 

22    the room that I sit on -- that the elephant in 

23    the room is that there's some political 

24    motivation to do this.  

25                 I don't think that that should ever 


                                                               6987

 1    motivate us to change the electoral process, and 

 2    I do think that we need to be considerate of the 

 3    fact that our voters deserve transparency and 

 4    multiple elections so that they can in fact 

 5    separate the issues out.  

 6                 So for that reason I will be voting 

 7    no.  Thank you, Madam President.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Thank you.

 9                 Senator Martins, why do you rise? 

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President, 

11    I was wondering if the sponsor would yield for a 

12    a few questions.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   Senator 

14    Skoufis, do you yield?  

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Of course.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT MAYER:   The 

17    Senator yields.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

19    Madam President.  Through you.  

20                 Senator Skoufis, can you tell me 

21    what counties you represent in the State of 

22    New York?  

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, I represent most of Orange County.

25                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Pardon?


                                                               6988

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Most of 

 2    Orange County.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  

 4                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

 5    sponsor would continue to yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And do you 

12    represent any towns?  And if so, can you tell us 

13    which towns you represent?  

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

15    Mr. President, I represent many towns.  I don't 

16    have the full list in front of me, but it's 

17    probably close to about 20 towns.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Can you give us 

19    a -- Mr. President, through you, if the sponsor 

20    would continue to yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               6989

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Can you give us a 

 2    few, just so we get a sense of place?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Sure.  A few in 

 4    Eastern Orange County include Woodbury, Cornwall, 

 5    New Windsor, Blooming Grove, Monroe, Tuxedo.  I 

 6    can go on if you'd like.  

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I appreciate 

 8    that.  Thank you.

 9                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

10    sponsor would continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So are there 

17    issues that are particular to each one of those 

18    counties for which there are elections specific 

19    to the -- excuse me, to the towns that are 

20    specific to those towns and that don't 

21    necessarily carry over into other towns?

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, oftentimes, yes.

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

25    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 


                                                               6990

 1    yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And are there 

 8    issues specific to Orange County for which the 

 9    Orange County government and any potential 

10    candidates for Orange County government would 

11    also be particularly interested in?

12                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President, oftentimes, yes.  

14                 But I'll note that there are also 

15    issues oftentimes specific to state senate 

16    districts or congressional districts that span 

17    multiple towns and sometimes multiple counties.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Of course.  

19    Mr. President, through you, if the sponsor would 

20    continue to yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.  


                                                               6991

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And then of 

 2    course, Senator Skoufis, there are issues that 

 3    have to do with state issues and federal issues 

 4    that are separate than the town and county issues 

 5    as well.  Correct?  

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President, oftentimes, yes.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So I -- 

 9    Mr. President, through you, if the sponsor would 

10    continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So, you know, as 

17    I see this, there are going to continue to be 

18    odd-year elections for a time because the 

19    State Constitution requires that certain offices 

20    be held in odd years, isn't that correct?

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And so for how 

23    long will -- Mr. President, through you, if the 

24    sponsor would continue to yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               6992

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 6    Mr. President.

 7                 So how long do you anticipate that 

 8    we'll continue to have odd-year elections?  

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President.  Honestly, it depends on how 

11    quickly and how successfully we can enact a 

12    constitutional amendment to move those offices 

13    that I referenced before, as well as cities that 

14    I referenced before.  

15                 The earliest that that kind of 

16    amendment could be on the ballot I believe would 

17    be November 2025.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

19    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

20    yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               6993

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   And if this bill 

 2    were to pass, when would this bill be effective?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, it would shorten terms, as we 

 5    discussed before with our colleague.  It would 

 6    shorten terms starting for local offices in 2025.  

 7                 So if you run for a two-year term in 

 8    2025, you would under this bill be running for a 

 9    one-year term.  If you run for a four-year term 

10    in 2025 you would under this bill be running for 

11    a three-year term.

12                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.

13                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

14    sponsor would continue to yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.  

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So in the likely 

21    event that a constitutional amendment doesn't 

22    pass, we will continue to have odd-year 

23    elections, notwithstanding if this bill were to 

24    pass and be signed into law.  Isn't that correct?  

25                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 


                                                               6994

 1    Mr. President.  Regardless of this bill, we're 

 2    having local elections in 2025, as I just 

 3    mentioned.  The earliest a constitutional 

 4    amendment could be enacted, as I mentioned 

 5    before, is November of 2025.  

 6                 And so the earliest that we would 

 7    move off of, for some positions, an odd-year 

 8    cycle would be some local races moving onto an 

 9    even-year cycle starting in 2026.  

10                 We would hopefully enact, as I 

11    mentioned before, an amendment as soon as 2025.  

12    And so they're on pretty close to parallel 

13    tracks, if that's what you're getting at.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   It is.  

15                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

16    sponsor would continue to yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So understanding 

23    the process to amend the State Constitution, that 

24    would require a statewide referendum, would it 

25    not, Senator Skoufis?  


                                                               6995

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, of course.

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

 4    through you, if the sponsor will continue to 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So why are we 

12    doing this today?  Why are we putting this 

13    state -- our towns, our counties, our local 

14    communities -- through an effort that will only 

15    partially move elections to even years when 

16    there's still uncertainty out there as to whether 

17    or not the State Constitution is going to be 

18    amended in the way that you aspirationally hope 

19    it will?  

20                 Why are we doing this today and 

21    actually advancing something without having the 

22    certainty that the State Constitution is actually 

23    moving or changing?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President.  First of all, I would note I wish 


                                                               6996

 1    this had gotten done a long time ago.

 2                 But more importantly, I reject the 

 3    proposition that it's an all-or-nothing 

 4    situation.  While we pursue a constitutional 

 5    amendment, as we're discussing, I would love to 

 6    see, instead of 20 percent voter turnout in our 

 7    town supervisor and county elections, I'd love to 

 8    see 60, 70 percent turnout.  Which I would 

 9    anticipate if this bill is enacted.

10                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

11    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator Skoufis, 

19    do you have a bill before this house now that 

20    would call for that constitutional amendment?

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President, no.  But I anticipate there will 

23    be one for next session.

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

25    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 


                                                               6997

 1    yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So there isn't 

 8    one before the house now for a constitutional 

 9    amendment that actually is required to do what 

10    you hope to do, but you're advancing a bill today 

11    on the floor knowing that we will continue to 

12    have odd-year elections notwithstanding this 

13    bill.  

14                 Can you reconcile that for me?

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President, I'm happy to reconcile.  

17                 The reconciliation is simple.  It is 

18    that it is immaterial whether we pass a 

19    constitutional amendment this year or next year, 

20    because we will have to do second passage in 

21    2025.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

23    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               6998

 1    sponsor yield? 

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Yet, 

 6    Senator Skoufis, you still haven't answered the 

 7    question of what happens if that constitutional 

 8    amendment doesn't pass, as prior attempts to 

 9    change the Constitution haven't passed, as the 

10    residents of the State of New York have rejected 

11    several attempts to amend the Constitution that 

12    have been advanced by this body.  

13                 What purpose would there be to 

14    change the law now, before you change the 

15    Constitution, as there will continue to be 

16    odd-year elections going forward?  And you don't 

17    even have a bill in.

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Is there a 

19    question?  

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Yeah, it is.  

21                 What purpose is there to advancing 

22    this now when we don't have a constitutional 

23    amendment and you still don't have a bill in?  

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Got it.  

25                 Through you, Mr. President, because 


                                                               6999

 1    again -- and I think I did answer this question, 

 2    even though it's the first time you're asking the 

 3    question, in a previous answer.  Again, I reject 

 4    the premise of your suggestion that this is only 

 5    successful if it's an all-or-nothing or an all, 

 6    in your case, as you're getting at, proposition.  

 7                 I feel that there absolutely is 

 8    benefit to moving town and county races to an 

 9    even-year cycle regardless of whether a 

10    constitutional amendment is successful.  Why 

11    wouldn't you -- I guess I'll ask a question, if 

12    you want to yield and answer.  Why wouldn't you 

13    want to see 50, 60, 70, maybe even upwards of 

14    70 percent turnout in your county executive race?  

15    Why wouldn't you want to see 70 percent of your 

16    constituent voters choosing who's going to run 

17    your county?

18                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, is 

19    Senator Skoufis asking me to yield?

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Skoufis, would you like Senator Martins to yield 

22    for a question?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Only if he wants 

24    to answer.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 


                                                               7000

 1    Martins, would you yield in answer to the 

 2    question?  

 3                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'll be happy to 

 4    yield.  Please, go right ahead. 

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 6    Martins will be happy to yield.  Senator Martins 

 7    yields.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   You can ask your 

 9    question, Senator.

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   I think I did.  

11                 Why wouldn't you want to see 

12    70 percent, 60 percent of your constituent voters 

13    choosing your chief executive who runs the 

14    county?

15                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Well, 

16    Senator Skoufis, I happen to live in a county 

17    where every resident not only has the right but 

18    has the ability to vote.  They choose to vote.  

19    If they're happy with the turnout, they'll decide 

20    to vote or won't decide to vote.  

21                 Now will you yield -- Mr. President, 

22    through you, will the Senator yield for another 

23    question?

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

25    Skoufis, do you yield?


                                                               7001

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   I'm happy to 

 2    yield, though I didn't get an answer to mine.  

 3    But please, go on.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   That is -- that 

 7    is the answer, Mr. President.  

 8                 But let me ask you this.  You know, 

 9    I have had a moment to go through even-year 

10    elections, our Senate elections here in this 

11    chamber, everyone's election here.  And it's 

12    remarkable -- I don't know, Senator, have you had 

13    a chance to look at the voter turnout district by 

14    district statewide for our Senate elections in 

15    even years?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President, I confess I haven't looked at a 

18    district-by-district, every district analysis of 

19    turnout for State Senate, no.

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Well, these are 

21    even years.  

22                 Mr. President, through you, if the 

23    sponsor would continue to yield.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               7002

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So it's an even 

 5    year.  So I'm going to ask you, Senator Skoufis, 

 6    do you know what the voter turnout was for your 

 7    election just a few months ago?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President.  In my district and in my area, 

10    typically in midterm even-year cycles we have 

11    roughly a 50 percent turnout.  And in 

12    presidential even-year cycles we typically have 

13    around a 75 percent voter turnout.

14                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

15    through you, if the Senator will continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

18    sponsor yield?

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Senator, if you 

23    can tell us -- I appreciate the percentages, but 

24    numbers.  What was the number back in November of 

25    turnout in your election?


                                                               7003

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, offhand, I don't have the exact 

 3    number you're looking for.  

 4                 But I suspect whatever point you're 

 5    trying to make could probably be made with the 

 6    pretty close estimates that I gave you just a 

 7    moment ago.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

 9    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

10    yield.  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   They were 

17    percentages.  So numbers.  If you'd give me your 

18    district number, I'll just tell you what the 

19    number was.

20                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President, 42nd District.  

22                 And I'll note whatever number you're 

23    about to share is no doubt exponentially higher 

24    than what the number would be if we were running 

25    in odd-year cycles.  But please, go on. 


                                                               7004

 1                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, 

 2    through you, if the sponsor would continue to 

 3    yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So the turnout 

10    for the 42nd District was a hundred and -- just 

11    over 101,000.  But there was a district here and 

12    a series of districts in this Senate just this 

13    past November, in an even year, that had mid-30s, 

14    mid-40s in terms of turnout.  

15                 And so the ability for people to 

16    turn out during elections I think is very 

17    important to this body.  

18                 Did you ever consider, Senator, what 

19    you could do in order to enhance or expand voter 

20    turnout, even in even years, for those districts 

21    that have remarkably low voter turnout?  Did you 

22    ever consider that?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, of course.  And I think this body 

25    has considered it basically every session in the 


                                                               7005

 1    past five sessions.  And reforms such as early 

 2    voting are meant exactly to get at the goal that 

 3    you're describing.  

 4                 I'll note even in those districts 

 5    that have lower turnout like you're describing, 

 6    40,000 people instead of 100,000 people, all 

 7    things are relative.  

 8                 I now would ask you -- I suspect you 

 9    don't probably have this in front of you, and I 

10    don't blame you for it.  But in those areas where 

11    there was 40,000 people -- where there were 

12    40,000 people coming out last year, how many 

13    people came out in those areas in the mayoral 

14    election in New York City in those State Senate 

15    districts?  I suspect it was far lower than 

16    40,000.

17                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, on 

18    the bill.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

20    Martins on the bill.

21                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Now, 

22    Mr. President, I'm left to wonder the motivation 

23    behind bringing a bill to the floor with the 

24    stated purpose of consolidating elections, 

25    understanding full well that it is going to take 


                                                               7006

 1    years to get a constitutional amendment passed in 

 2    order to actually effectively move -- not to 

 3    introduce a bill for the constitutional amendment 

 4    at all, but advancing a bill that simply moves 

 5    town and county elections that are not prescribed 

 6    by the Constitution.  

 7                 So is this about consolidating 

 8    elections in even years?  Or is this about 

 9    something else, Mr. President?  

10                 So I'm left to consider that it's 

11    probably about something else.  Because if that 

12    constitutional amendment doesn't pass, we're 

13    still going to have odd-year elections.  We're 

14    still going to have the same concerns that the 

15    sponsor has with regard to turnout in those 

16    odd-year elections, they're just going to be for 

17    different races.  Perhaps races that the sponsor 

18    and people who have encouraged him to move this 

19    bill aren't interested in.  Maybe they're just 

20    interested in other elections that actually are 

21    embraced by the bill as it's currently 

22    constituted.

23                 So this, Mr. President, is not about 

24    consolidation.  It's not about voter turnout.  

25    It's not about making things easier.  It's all 


                                                               7007

 1    about a certain result, and it's about politics.

 2                 And I think we all understand -- the 

 3    sponsor even I think acknowledged that there are 

 4    issues that are specific to our towns.  There are 

 5    issues that are specific to our counties.  There 

 6    are issues that are specific to our state and to 

 7    the federal government.  

 8                 Creating confusion at one time so 

 9    that we have layers of elections, and asking our 

10    constituents to have to be overwhelmed with 

11    commercials for federal elections at the same 

12    time that they have a town supervisor running, is 

13    patently unfair.  

14                 There's a reason we have separated 

15    our elections in the suburbs.  And it's something 

16    that is unique, ladies and gentlemen and my dear 

17    colleagues, to those of us who live in the 

18    suburbs and live in rural communities here in the 

19    state.  Not to those who live in New York City, 

20    because you're excluded.  It only applies to us, 

21    to our towns, to our counties, to our elections.  

22                 Now, I understand from other 

23    legislation that has appeared here on the floor 

24    over the past year -- and for years, from what I 

25    also understand -- that the sponsor may have 


                                                               7008

 1    issues locally with his own local towns and 

 2    counties.  But not us.  I'm perfectly okay with 

 3    my county elections being in odd years.  I'm 

 4    perfectly okay with my town elections being in 

 5    odd years.  And you know what?  So are my 

 6    constituents.  They're okay with that.  They 

 7    don't need Albany telling them what's good or 

 8    isn't good for them.  

 9                 I don't have people calling me, 

10    asking me to change the year to an even year 

11    because they somehow feel disenfranchised.  To 

12    the contrary, I've got people calling me asking 

13    me, "What's this all about?  Why would they be 

14    doing this?  It seems awfully political to me.  

15    We want no part of it."

16                 So, Mr. President, I'm concerned 

17    once again that here we are again, from Albany, 

18    deciding, You know what, these towns, we don't 

19    care what they want.  Their constituents?  Too 

20    bad.  We're going to impose because we have 

21    somebody who decides that they want greater voter 

22    turnout in their mind without looking to where 

23    the actual voter apathy exists.  

24                 And you know what?  It's not in 

25    Nassau County, regardless of what you say.  It's 


                                                               7009

 1    not in Suffolk County.  And I'm sure it's not in 

 2    Orange County or Rockland or Ulster or Dutchess.  

 3    It's in other places.  If we went and looked 

 4    carefully, we'd see where the voter apathy is in 

 5    this state.  And if we really wanted to do 

 6    something about it, we'd go out there and 

 7    encourage people in those communities to get out 

 8    to vote.  

 9                 There's only one Senate district in 

10    the entire City of New York where there are over 

11    100,000 people who came out to vote in this last 

12    November's election.  One.  One.  And I'll tell 

13    you this.  It wasn't anyone on that side of the 

14    aisle, it was a member of the State Senate that 

15    comes from the five boroughs who sits on this 

16    side of the aisle, and he had greater than 

17    100,000 people come out to vote in his 

18    election -- and he wasn't even opposed.  

19                 (Laughter.)

20                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'll leave it to 

21    your imaginations to think about who that person 

22    may or may not be.  

23                 But go home, take a look at those 

24    numbers.  Take a look at the voter apathy.  Take 

25    a look at where it exists.  It's not in 


                                                               7010

 1    Nassau County, it's not in Orange County.  So 

 2    leave our towns and counties alone.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Gianaris.

 5                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Mr. President, I 

 6    vote no.

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   If the Senator 

 8    will yield just for a clarification, because I'm 

 9    genuinely interested in this.  Just one question 

10    of Senator Martins, if he would yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Martins, do you yield?

13                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I'd be happy to 

14    yield.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Did you not just 

16    earlier in the debate point out that Senator 

17    Skoufis's district had over 100,000 voters in 

18    this most recent election?

19                 SENATOR MARTINS:   He's not in 

20    New York City.  

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Oh, only 

22    New York City, I see.

23                 SENATOR MARTINS:  I'm sorry, 

24    Senator Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I misunderstood 


                                                               7011

 1    your question.  Thank you, Senator Martins.  

 2                 SENATOR MARTINS:   So Mr. President, 

 3    with that, I vote nay.  Thank you, sir.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 5    you, Senator Martins.  

 6                 And thank you for your praise of an 

 7    unnamed person maybe known as Andrew Lanza.

 8                 (Laughter.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

10    Rhoads, why do you rise?

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

12    yield to some questions, Mr. President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Of course.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

19    Senator Skoufis.  

20                 You know, we were speaking before 

21    about things that our moms had said.  Mom had 

22    said nothing good happens after midnight, and 

23    here we are.

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   So, 


                                                               7012

 1    Senator Skoufis, I believe that you stated, at 

 2    least in my readings with respect to your bill, 

 3    that your bill had three main purposes.  

 4                 The first purpose was to save money.  

 5    Right?  In fact, you said this bill will have, 

 6    quote, a tremendous savings for the taxpayers.  

 7    How?  

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 9    Mr. President, there was some conversation to 

10    this point a little bit earlier.  Once, 

11    hopefully -- and I believe it will materialize -- 

12    once we enact a constitutional amendment and 

13    shift all these races to even years, there will 

14    be a tremendous savings.  

15                 In the interim, there will be some 

16    savings.  As I described before, in those 

17    odd-year cycles where you're not having those 

18    countywide races that are carved out in this 

19    bill, you will see some modest savings in the 

20    meantime.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And where will 

22    those savings come from?

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Rhoads --

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               7013

 1    yield to another question.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And where will 

 8    those savings come from when we have additional 

 9    expenses -- because you now have more people on 

10    the ballot, presumably have more people coming -- 

11    you have longer ballots that you now have to 

12    print because you have a greater number of 

13    candidates.  You've mentioned the possibility of 

14    having to have two separate ballots in order for 

15    a voter to be able to cast a ballot because the 

16    ballot may be so long.  

17                 So where are those savings 

18    materialized, Senator?  

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President.  The savings, the immediate 

21    savings that materialize are again in those 

22    odd years.  So once every four years when you're 

23    not going to have a county clerk, county DA, and 

24    county sheriff on the ballot and don't have to 

25    administer countywide elections or administer 


                                                               7014

 1    elections in most communities in that county as a 

 2    local BOE.  

 3                 The -- I will just respond to one or 

 4    two comments that you just made.  There won't be 

 5    longer lines.  If we're moving local races into 

 6    even-numbered years, let's say a presidential 

 7    even year, the lines are going to be the lines 

 8    for that presidential race.  Adding a county 

 9    executive race or adding a local town supervisor 

10    race is not going to increase turnout beyond 

11    what's already coming out to vote for president 

12    or, in all likelihood, to vote for governor.  

13    That turnout's going to that turnout.  

14                 But the point of this bill, and one 

15    of the other points that you haven't gotten to 

16    yet, of the three, is we want those local races 

17    to benefit from that existing higher turnout.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

19    Senator.  

20                 Will the sponsor yield to another 

21    question.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               7015

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   The second point 

 3    that you raised was avoiding voter confusion.  

 4    Can you tell us how it would avoid voter 

 5    confusion by having more races on the same 

 6    ballot?

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President.  I don't know that I've 

 9    characterized one of the purposes of this bill as 

10    avoiding voter confusion.  

11                 But I suspect maybe what you're 

12    getting at, or what you're referencing I was 

13    getting at from whatever you're citing I said, is 

14    that one of the benefits of consolidating 

15    elections is what I described a little bit 

16    earlier tonight, which is you have voters who 

17    face this avalanche of elections in any given 

18    year.  You have a November general election, you 

19    have a state and federal primary election, every 

20    four years you've got a presidential primary 

21    election.  You've got your school board and 

22    budget elections.  You've got in some cases your 

23    village elections in the spring.  You've got your 

24    library board and budget elections, your fire 

25    district board and budget elections, your water 


                                                               7016

 1    district board and budget elections.  

 2                 And so yes, to the extent that 

 3    voters are exhausted and would like to see some 

 4    consolidation, that is absolutely a benefit of 

 5    this bill.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 7    yield for another question.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   And so your 

14    solution, you believe, is to have federal, state, 

15    county, town, fire district, water district, 

16    library board, judges all on the same ballot.  

17    That's going to -- that's going to aid in less 

18    confusion for voters, according to you.

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, that's not what I said.  

21                 And this bill does not include the 

22    large majority of the offices that you just 

23    rattled off.

24                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

25    continue to yield.


                                                               7017

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   So now we're back 

 7    to the earlier question.  Where are the savings?  

 8                 If there are still going to be fire 

 9    district elections, if there's still going to be 

10    water commissioner elections, if there's still 

11    going to be school board elections, there are 

12    going to be library board elections, there's 

13    going to be elections for county clerks, there's 

14    going to be elections for district attorneys -- 

15    which are being handled separate and apart from 

16    the town and county elections -- where are the 

17    savings?

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President, I'll provide the same answer that 

20    I provided when you posed the question earlier.  

21                 In the immediate term, the savings 

22    are once every four years in those odd-year 

23    cycles when you don't have those countywide races 

24    up and on the ballot -- DA, sheriff, county 

25    clerk, and the countywide judicial offices.  In 


                                                               7018

 1    most places, those offices run at the same time 

 2    on the same odd year.  And so the odd-year cycle 

 3    once every four years they're not running on, you 

 4    will see some savings by not having to administer 

 5    those countywide elections.  

 6                 In the longer term, if and when -- I 

 7    believe when -- we pass a constitutional 

 8    amendment, we'll be able to even move those 

 9    offices to an even-year cycle to the same offices 

10    we're moving in this bill, and you will see 

11    savings in not one but two of the odd-year 

12    cycles, both of the odd-year cycles every four 

13    years.

14                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

15    yield to another question.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Now, you've 

22    mentioned limited circumstances where the 

23    district attorney's election and the county 

24    clerk's election are compatible.  Do you have any 

25    idea how many of the counties where that's 


                                                               7019

 1    actually the case?

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President.  I believe the very -- I don't 

 4    have a number in front of me, but the very large 

 5    majority of counties you do see the two races, 

 6    two offices that you just mentioned, the DA and 

 7    the county clerk, yes, do run on the same cycle.  

 8    That happens in the vast majority of counties in 

 9    New York State.  

10                 The only time they would not be on 

11    the same cycle is when there is an abrupt vacancy 

12    that constitutionally -- which is why we carve 

13    them out -- shifts those offices to an even-year 

14    cycle.  In most counties that has not happened.  

15                 I will note, through you, 

16    Mr. President, that the primary purpose of this 

17    bill -- because again, the immediate savings are 

18    more modest -- the primary purpose of this bill 

19    is to increase voter participation in town and 

20    county elections.  

21                 I prefer -- I think the vast 

22    majority of New Yorkers would prefer to see, 

23    instead of 20 percent of people choosing who runs 

24    our towns and counties, 50, 60, 70 percent of 

25    voters choosing our leaders who run our towns and 


                                                               7020

 1    counties.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 3    yield to another question.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 5    sponsor yield?

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   the 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   You cited to a -- 

10    I believe it was a Nevada election, if I'm 

11    correct, in the questioning under -- from 

12    Patricia -- Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick.

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, yes, Nevada is currently the only 

15    state that requires local elections be an 

16    even-year cycle.  So I did cite -- I think 

17    North Las Vegas was one of the examples that I 

18    shared before.

19                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Okay.  In -- will 

20    the sponsor yield to another question.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               7021

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   You told us that 

 2    there was additional voter turnout.  But can you 

 3    tell us, what was the drop-off from the first 

 4    race on that ballot to the last race on that 

 5    ballot?

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President.  So just as a reminder, in 2019 in 

 8    North Las Vegas municipal elections there were 

 9    4,611 voters who came out.  And then in their 

10    first even year cycle in 2022, that number more 

11    than doubled, to 11,061.  

12                 And I don't have the exact 

13    percentage of drop-off from start to end on the 

14    2022 ballot, but I know that it is a marginal 

15    drop-off.  And whatever small drop-off there was, 

16    certainly the final number was far larger than 

17    4,661.  There would have had to have been a 

18    60 percent-plus drop-off to get to what the 

19    turnout was in the previous odd cycle.  And in no 

20    universe do you ever see anything approaching a 

21    60 percent drop-off on a ballot from start to 

22    finish.  It is usually a single-digit percentage 

23    point.  

24                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

25    yield to another question.


                                                               7022

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Would the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I would submit to 

 7    the sponsor that you will see a significantly 

 8    greater drop-off the longer that ballot gets.  

 9    Would you not agree?  

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President.  Yes, I think that it's fair to 

12    say with every column that's added there is some 

13    additional marginal drop-off.  We're talking in 

14    some cases tenths of a percentage point, not a 

15    60 percent drop-off, which would get us back to, 

16    in this example, what the turnout was in the 

17    odd-year cycle.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

19    yield to another question.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Again, what you're 


                                                               7023

 1    quoting is specifically with respect to the 

 2    Las Vegas study, the North Las Vegas study, which 

 3    admittedly you have no idea what the number is.

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President.  I'll again remind my colleagues, 

 6    the other example that I cited, which was in 

 7    El Paso, Texas, they went from an 8 percent 

 8    turnout to a 45 percent turnout, a 460 percent 

 9    increase.  

10                 I suspect my colleague does not 

11    imagine there would be a 460 percent drop-off 

12    from start to end of any ballot.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the 

14    sponsor -- well, was that a question?

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   No, that wasn't a 

16    question.  That was a suggestion.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   I believe 

18    it was of a rhetorical nature.  

19                 Senator Rhoads, are you asking 

20    Senator Skoufis to yield?

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Yes, I am.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes, I'll yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               7024

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   But you don't know 

 3    what the statistic actually is, correct?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, I don't have the exact number, no.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 7    continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   If elections for 

14    the town and the county will now be held in the 

15    same years as congressional, State Senate and 

16    State Assembly elections, how will campaigns for 

17    county executive or town supervisors or for other 

18    offices be able to get TV time?

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, the same way they get them in 

21    their current elections.

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

23    continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               7025

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   If they're 

 5    competing with presidential campaigns, with 

 6    gubernatorial campaigns, with other campaigns for 

 7    statewide offices, with campaigns for 

 8    State Senate and State Assembly, when do you 

 9    think there's going to be time for a county 

10    executive or another local office to buy TV time?

11                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President -- through you, Mr. President, I 

13    don't quite understand the question.  I think 

14    you're suggesting that there is no -- there are 

15    no TV advertisement slots available if we move 

16    these races into even-year cycles.  I don't 

17    believe that's even remotely correct.  

18                 I will note that one of the 

19    beautiful things about local races is that local 

20    candidates are out knocking on doors more than, 

21    say, a gubernatorial candidate, for example.  And 

22    that remains -- and I think whether it's an 

23    odd-year cycle or an even-year cycle, that will 

24    remain the preferred and in some cases the 

25    exclusive, because not too many county 


                                                               7026

 1    legislators are on TV running for reelection, the 

 2    exclusive way that they're going out and reaching 

 3    voters.

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield for a question?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.

11                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Have you had a 

12    county executive on television in your county, in 

13    Orange?

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

15    Mr. President, yes.  We're a county of about 

16    400,000.  We're one of the larger counties.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Sure.

18                 Will the sponsor continue to yield.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

23    sponsor yields.  

24                 SENATOR RHOADS:   If elections for 

25    sheriff, for county clerk and for district 


                                                               7027

 1    attorney will continue to be on the odd-year 

 2    elections, will that not decrease voter turnout 

 3    in those elections?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, this exact question was raised 

 6    before, but I'm happy to repeat the answer.  

 7                 And that is that voter turnout in 

 8    these odd-year cycles is already so abysmally low 

 9    it can't really drop any further in reality.  To 

10    the extent that there is any drop because you're 

11    moving a county executive race to an even-year 

12    cycle, the drop I believe would be marginal.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

14    continue to yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR RHOADS:   While you believe 

21    that the voter drop-off may be marginal in terms 

22    of turnout, do you not agree that if you have a 

23    single race, it's entirely possible that you're 

24    going to get significantly fewer voters coming 

25    out to vote for one candidate?  


                                                               7028

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President.  While we make this shift to 

 3    moving all races onto an even-year cycle, there 

 4    will be very, very few instances in which there 

 5    is only one race on the ballot.  Because as I 

 6    mentioned before, most of these countywide 

 7    positions that are carved out of this bill -- 

 8    county clerk, DA, sheriff, some judicial 

 9    positions -- they are aligned on the same cycle.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

11    continue to yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   You had indicated 

18    that it's -- several times that it was your 

19    intention -- and actually, I'll withdraw that 

20    question and ask a different one.

21                 Who asked you to sponsor this bill?  

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President.  There was no one person who 

24    prompted me to sponsor this bill.

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               7029

 1    continue to yield?

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield.

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   What motivated you 

 8    to sponsor the bill?  

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, this was -- I'm going to sound 

11    like a broken record.  A lot of these questions 

12    are on repeat.  This was the very first question 

13    that was asked.  

14                 The motivation here is that I 

15    believe, as policymakers, one of our 

16    responsibilities is to create an environment, to 

17    foster an environment that promotes greater voter 

18    participation.

19                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

20    continue to yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

22    sponsor yield?

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               7030

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Are you concerned 

 2    about increasing voter participation in cities as 

 3    well?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, yes.

 6                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 7    continue to yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.  

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Was there anything 

14    that prevented you from introducing your 

15    constitutional amendment that you say you're 

16    going to introduce next year right now?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President.  We all are at liberty to 

19    introduce bills whenever we want, as legislators.  

20    So to answer your question, there's nothing that 

21    prevented me from introducing or anyone in this 

22    chamber from introducing a constitutional 

23    amendment.  

24                 But what I can tell you is that you 

25    should anticipate a constitutional amendment 


                                                               7031

 1    being introduced and hopefully taken up next 

 2    year.  And again, it is immaterial whether it's 

 3    taken up this year or next year, because it will 

 4    have to pass again in 2025.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 6    continue to yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I would submit to 

13    you respectfully, Senator Skoufis, that it is not 

14    immaterial, because you are changing the 

15    elections in towns and counties without 

16    addressing the same problem that you're 

17    suggesting that we have in cities with respect to 

18    drop-off.  

19                 And I would like to know why you 

20    aren't doing them at the same time and why you're 

21    treating towns and counties differently than 

22    cities.

23                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, we're not doing it at the same 

25    time because we can't do it at the same time.  


                                                               7032

 1    This is a piece of legislation that can be 

 2    enacted in one session.  A constitutional 

 3    amendment has to be passed, as you know, through 

 4    two successive legislatures and then passed via 

 5    referendum statewide.  

 6                 And so we are on track to do that.  

 7    Whether we pass it this year, the constitutional 

 8    amendment, whether we pass it this year or next 

 9    year, that track is the same regardless.

10                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

11    yield to another question.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   If you're going to 

18    the same place anyway, why didn't you just do 

19    them at the same time?  Why didn't you introduce 

20    your constitutional amendment this year?

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

22    Mr. President.  I would characterize this as a 

23    largely academic debate.  I've told you what you 

24    ought to expect this session, this two-year 

25    session, next year.  There will be a 


                                                               7033

 1    constitutional amendment next year.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   On the bill.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Rhoads on the bill.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 6    Mr. President.  Thank you, Senator Skoufis.  And 

 7    I appreciate you accommodating these questions.

 8                 Senator Skoufis pointed to three 

 9    things.  Saving money?  This doesn't do it.  

10    Voter confusion?  In my opinion, this creates 

11    even more confusion among voters because now you 

12    will have longer ballots, it will be more 

13    difficult for local candidates to get their 

14    messages out.  

15                 And this will do nothing, in my 

16    opinion, to improve overall turnout because you 

17    will actually have greater drop-off at the ends 

18    of ballots, so you will probably have an 

19    equivalent number of voters eventually voting in 

20    those local elections.

21                 I will tell you what my theory is, 

22    however.  There is absolutely no reason why, if 

23    this was the purpose of this bill, that we 

24    couldn't have a constitutional amendment now that 

25    addresses this problem that we're saying that we 


                                                               7034

 1    have in towns and counties, and at the same time 

 2    addressing it in cities.  

 3                 I will tell you that the drop-off in 

 4    2020 in the presidential election, to 2021 in the 

 5    mayoral election, was 61 percent turnout in the 

 6    presidential and 23 percent in the mayoral.  

 7    Greater than 50 percent drop-off in turnout, yet 

 8    we are not addressing that problem.  Instead, we 

 9    are telling local towns and telling local 

10    counties from Albany how they should be running 

11    their elections.

12                 Why?  When voters have been 

13    rejecting ballot initiatives that have been put 

14    out by this Legislature on a regular basis, I 

15    suspect that may be the reason why.  Instead, 

16    this Legislature is imposing it on our localities 

17    without asking.  We could have introduced a 

18    constitutional amendment to address this issue, 

19    but the problem is the constitutional amendment 

20    would have had to have gone to the voters.  

21                 And let's see what the difference 

22    is.  This bill does not apply to the City of 

23    New York, which is majority Democratic.  It 

24    doesn't apply to the City of Buffalo, which has a 

25    Democratic mayor.  It doesn't apply to the City 


                                                               7035

 1    of Rochester, it doesn't apply to the City of 

 2    Albany, the City of Yonkers -- all of which have 

 3    Democratic mayors and Democratic boards.  What 

 4    this does apply to is towns and counties where 

 5    you have Republican county executives, Republican 

 6    town supervisors.  I suspect that's what the 

 7    difference is actually about.

 8                 Even Orange County.  A Republican 

 9    county executive, right?  It applies to them.  

10    But none of what you're doing applies to the 

11    cities, which have the same if not worse issues 

12    with respect to voter turnout.  I believe that's 

13    what the issue -- I believe that's what the issue 

14    is.

15                 So now you have other issues that 

16    will happen --

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

18    Skoufis, why do you rise?

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Will you yield 

20    for a question?

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Yes, absolutely.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

23    Rhoads, do you yield?  

24                 Senator Rhoads yields.

25                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Senator Rhoads, 


                                                               7036

 1    who is the county executive in Westchester, and 

 2    what's his party affiliation?  And will this bill 

 3    apply to him?  

 4                 SENATOR RHOADS:   The bill will 

 5    certainly apply to him.  It will apply just the 

 6    same.

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   His name is 

 8    George Latimer.  He's a Democrat. 

 9                 Who's -- what party --

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

11    Skoufis, are you asking --

12                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Will you yield?  

13    I'm not used to going this way.  Will you yield?

14                 (Laughter.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Rhoads, will you yield?

17                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I will yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

19    Rhoads yields.

20                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   What party 

21    affiliation is the county executive in 

22    Albany County?  

23                 SENATOR RHOADS:   A Democrat.

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   He's a Democrat.  

25                 I couldn't help but notice that you 


                                                               7037

 1    are portraying this bill as somehow only applying 

 2    to Republican jurisdictions.  This applies to all 

 3    towns and counties regardless of whether there's 

 4    a Democrat or Republican leading that town or 

 5    county.  

 6                 And I also take exception with your 

 7    suggestion -- and quite frankly I think this is 

 8    misdirection, and purposeful.  You're going, 

 9    Well, it doesn't apply to Buffalo, it doesn't 

10    apply to New York City.  It can't apply to 

11    Buffalo or New York City.  We are 

12    constitutionally prohibited from capturing any 

13    city with this bill.  

14                 And so I really just needed to 

15    interrupt, and I appreciate you yielding, because 

16    I am not going to accept purposeful misdirection.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

18    Gentlemen, the hour is late.  Let us continue on 

19    a peaceful path towards the end of session.

20                 Senator Rhoads, continue, please.

21                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Senator Skoufis, 

22    to answer your question, you had the ability to 

23    file a constitutional amendment which would have 

24    addressed the issue both in cities as well as the 

25    issues both in towns and counties.  You chose not 


                                                               7038

 1    to do that.  You chose to take a path which would 

 2    avoid submitting this to the voters so that their 

 3    voices could be heard on what goes on in their 

 4    own localities.  You chose to do that.  That's 

 5    the point that I'm attempting to make.  

 6                 And I will suggest to you, yes, 

 7    there is a very specific reason with respect to 

 8    Nassau and Suffolk counties why I think this bill 

 9    was actually introduced, a very specific reason.  

10    And I think it has everything to do with respect 

11    to party, with all due respect.

12                 The bottom line is this bill is 

13    taking away the ability for local individuals, 

14    for our residents to have a voice in their local 

15    governments and how they are structured and how 

16    they are run.  If the Senator wanted to submit a 

17    constitutional amendment, he could have; we 

18    don't.  

19                 And so now, again, Albany will be 

20    dictating to towns and counties how they should 

21    be living their lives, how they should be 

22    choosing their elected officials, and the end 

23    result will be that our voices will be drowned 

24    out, that local county executives, local town 

25    supervisors, local town board members, local 


                                                               7039

 1    county legislators will have their message 

 2    drowned out in presidential, gubernatorial and 

 3    statewide races where they will struggle to be 

 4    able to be heard.

 5                 So for that reason, I will be voting 

 6    no, and I would encourage my colleagues to do so 

 7    as well.  

 8                 Thank you, Mr. President.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

10    you, Senator Rhoads.  

11                 Prior to the next speaker, again, 

12    let -- you know, the hour is late.  We will -- 

13    passions are great.  But again, let us -- let's 

14    be able to continue on a peaceful path.  I can 

15    see no better end to the session.  

16                 Senator Walczyk, why do you rise? 

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

18    Mr. President, I rise because I ran into one of 

19    my esteemed colleagues from the Bronx, and he 

20    thought that I could contribute to this debate.  

21                 I would like to start by going on 

22    the bill.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Walczyk on the bill.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.


                                                               7040

 1                 This is from the New York State 

 2    Association of Clerks of County Legislative 

 3    Boards.  It says, "Dear Majority Leader 

 4    Stewart-Cousins and Speaker Heastie:  

 5                 "On behalf of the officers and 

 6    executive committee of the New York State 

 7    Association of Clerks of County Legislative 

 8    Boards, I'm writing to express our concerns with 

 9    the provisions contained in Senate Bill" -- well, 

10    this one.

11                 "These bills would require that 

12    certain local elections held outside of New York 

13    City be in an even-numbered year.

14                 "While the bills' sponsors state 

15    justification for increasing voter participation 

16    and reducing voter confusion in local elections 

17    by requiring certain elections to be held in even 

18    years is laudable, we believe this proposal falls 

19    short of those goals, as constitutional offices 

20    such as sheriff, county clerk, district attorney 

21    and elected members of the judiciary may still be 

22    held in uneven years," as was pointed out in the 

23    debate today.

24                 "Additionally, city and village 

25    elections are often held in uneven years or at 


                                                               7041

 1    different times of the year altogether.  

 2    currently there is no state mandate about which 

 3    years elections for county boards must be held, 

 4    and each county sets elections for those offices 

 5    in line with the needs of their community.

 6                 "In some cases those elections are 

 7    held in uneven years, which serves to allow the 

 8    elections for those offices to receive greater 

 9    attention by voters and not be lost in the more 

10    prominent elections for statewide or federal 

11    offices.  

12                 "Moreover, a one-size-fits-all 

13    approach for all counties would usurp other 

14    provisions that some counties and voters have 

15    enacted.  Some examples of those provisions 

16    include three-year term of office; staggered 

17    terms of office; term limits on county 

18    legislators.  

19                 "In conclusion, on behalf of the 

20    officers and executive committee of the New York 

21    State Association of Clerks of County Legislative 

22    Boards, I urge you to not act on this Senate bill 

23    prior to the end of the legislation session, 

24    which is quickly approaching.  Instead, we 

25    respectfully request that you engage in 


                                                               7042

 1    discussions with the New York State Association 

 2    of Counties to come up with an alternative 

 3    proposal about how we can work together to 

 4    improve voter turnout passing new mandates on 

 5    county government which ignore the will of voters 

 6    and their local representatives.

 7                 "As always, we and the New York 

 8    State Association of Counties stand ready to 

 9    discuss this matter further.  

10                 "Respectfully, Aaron Michael 

11    Martin," who is president of the New York State 

12    Association of Clerks of County Legislative 

13    Boards.  And if his name sounds familiar to you, 

14    he used to be a legislative director here in the 

15    New York State Senate.

16                 Mr. President, would the sponsor 

17    yield for some questions.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Before, 

19    Senator Skoufis, you yield, I would like to note 

20    for the record that Senator Walczyk has asked us 

21    to recognize his sartorial splendor, that it is 

22    St. Lawrence tartan.  Is that not correct, 

23    Senator Walczyk?  

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Mr. President, 


                                                               7043

 1    I'll be proud to speak about my jacket very 

 2    briefly.  

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   This is more than 

 5    just a snappy end-of-session coat to me.  This is 

 6    the St. Lawrence tartan.  There are two tartans 

 7    that have been designed in the United States of 

 8    American that are official Scottish tartans, 

 9    woven in Scotland.  And I bought a bolt of this 

10    and had it made by a local suit maker from my 

11    district who has bespoke and hand-cut this suit.  

12                 It is representative of my district, 

13    of the northern portion, which I call the 

14    front yard of America.  The St. Lawrence tartan 

15    has three primary colors that you can see, the 

16    blue representing the mighty St. Lawrence River, 

17    where 20 percent of the world's freshwater 

18    passes; the red representing the sunset over the 

19    Thousand Islands; and the green representing the 

20    hardy cedar trees that line the St. Lawrence 

21    River Valley.  

22                 And with that brief pause in the -- 

23                 (Applause.)

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Well, thank you.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 


                                                               7044

 1    you, Senator Walczyk.

 2                 Senator Skoufis, do you yield for a 

 3    question?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   I would love to, 

 5    after that.  

 6                 (Laughter.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Well, now that 

10    we're all in good spirits, through you, 

11    Mr. President, is this going to undermine local 

12    governments?

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, no.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

16    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

17    yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?  

20                 The sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What do you 

22    imagine the messaging for campaigns of local 

23    governments will -- will change if they're lined 

24    up in federal election years?  

25                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 


                                                               7045

 1    Mr. President, I imagine the messaging will not 

 2    change much.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 4    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 5    yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 7    sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Do you think if 

12    we're lining up local locations on only federal 

13    election cycles, candidates that are running for 

14    local office will more frequently be asked about 

15    their support for certain congressional or 

16    United States Senate candidates or presidential 

17    candidates than they would if they were running 

18    in an off-year and even-year election?

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, I don't imagine so.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Okay.  Through 

22    you, Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               7046

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   We took up a 

 5    bill -- and it's difficult at the end of session 

 6    to remember on which day, but you proposed it, 

 7    and it had to do with consolidation of local 

 8    governments providing for more tools at the state 

 9    level to consolidate municipalities.  

10                 And I think in doing so you were 

11    looking to gain efficiency in local governments, 

12    maybe offer them the opportunity to consolidate, 

13    to have some more efficiency.  But I would say 

14    that they also lose autonomy for some voters if 

15    you, say, merge two towns or merge a town and a 

16    village.  Some autonomy is lost there.  

17                 What happens when you merge local 

18    elections and federal elections?

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, we're not merging federal and 

21    local elections, we're just aligning them to the 

22    same schedule.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield.


                                                               7047

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:  Would the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Maybe it's a 

 7    nuance over a merger versus an alignment.  I'll 

 8    use alignment, then.  That's -- that's fine by 

 9    me.  

10                 What autonomy is lost for a local 

11    government when local elections are aligned with 

12    federal elections?

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, there is no autonomy that's lost.  

15    In fact, I'll reference the Town of Wilna, which 

16    I'm sure you're familiar with -- it's in your 

17    Senate district, Senator Walczyk.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   (Inaudible.)

19                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   It's I suppose 

20    right next to Fort Drum.  In 2020 you had a local 

21    race on an even-year cycle.  You had a town 

22    justice position that was up that year.  And if 

23    my colleague will yield, perhaps he can answer 

24    what he thinks the impact on local autonomy was 

25    for that town judge race by being held on an 


                                                               7048

 1    even-year cycle.  I would suggest it's probably 

 2    nothing.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 4    Walczyk, would you yield for a question?  Would 

 5    you yield -- would you like to answer the 

 6    question that Senator Skoufis has posited?

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Yeah, I will 

 8    yield.

 9                 I haven't really done a deep dive 

10    into the 2020 town justice for Wilna race.  Maybe 

11    if my colleague could enlighten us.  Could you 

12    compare that to a town justice race?  If my 

13    colleague would yield back.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

15    Skoufis, would you yield?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   I will yield.  

17                 I would suggest that the only 

18    material difference between that particular town 

19    justice election and other local elections in the 

20    Town of Wilna and any other county or town 

21    election is that in 2020, 60 percent of the 

22    voters in the Town of Wilna cast a ballot for 

23    town justice.  

24                 In 2021, the next year, there were a 

25    number of local races in the Town of Wilna that 


                                                               7049

 1    saw 21 percent voter turnout, three times as many 

 2    as your constituents in the Town of Wilna voted 

 3    for town judge because it was held in an even 

 4    year.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor will yield.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the question 

14    was about autonomy.  Do you know anything about 

15    the town justice that ran in 2020 in the 

16    presidential year and how many times they were 

17    asked who they were supporting for president?

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President, no.  But I suspect you can 

20    probably get an answer because you know him or 

21    her, and I don't.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               7050

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Do you know 

 6    anything about the town justice race in 2021 and 

 7    how many times they were -- that justice was 

 8    asked at the door or when they were out in public 

 9    asking people to vote for them, who they voted 

10    for in the 2020 presidential election or who they 

11    might consider in the 2024 presidential election?

12                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President.  First of all, there was to my 

14    knowledge no town judge election in 2021.  There 

15    was a town tax collector and a highway 

16    superintendent election in 2021.  

17                 And as far as I know, there is no 

18    data that I can refer to in terms of how many 

19    times a candidate is asked for their presidential 

20    preference.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Well, I 

22    appreciate -- through you, Mr. President, will 

23    the sponsor continue to yield.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

25    sponsor yield?


                                                               7051

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I appreciate, by 

 5    your own admission, that it's an 

 6    apples-to-oranges comparison anyways.  They 

 7    obviously didn't have the elections before the 

 8    Senate district even covered the Town of Wilna or 

 9    I represented it.  Didn't have those numbers 

10    right in front of me, but I'm glad that you 

11    pointed out that you're comparing a tax collector 

12    race to a town justice race.  I appreciate that.

13                 So you carried this bill since 2021, 

14    is that correct?

15                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   That sounds 

16    correct.  

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

18    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

19    yield?

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And did I hear 


                                                               7052

 1    earlier in the debate that you inherited this 

 2    from another member?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, this was previously carried by 

 5    Senator Carlucci, yes.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 7    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So in the last 

15    legislative session this was Senate Bill 6197D by 

16    the end of the legislative session.  A D print 

17    meaning that you amended that bill four times in 

18    the last legislative session, do I understand 

19    that correctly?

20                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President, that is what that means, yes.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               7053

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And in this 

 6    legislative session, this is a B print, which 

 7    means you've amended the bill an additional two 

 8    times within this legislative session, do I 

 9    understand that correctly?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, that is what that means, yes.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

13    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   That seems like a 

21    lot of work.  Why so much effort?

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

23    Mr. President, it was a lot of work.  I thank you 

24    for acknowledging that.  And we put in so much 

25    effort because we believe this is an important 


                                                               7054

 1    reform.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I sit as the 

11    ranker on the Elections Committee, but I don't 

12    remember this bill ever being spoken about in the 

13    Elections Committee.  Did it go through the 

14    Elections Committee when you sponsored it during 

15    the last session?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President, last year the bill didn't advance 

18    through committee, that's correct.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

21    yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               7055

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And did the -- 

 3    did that advance -- did I just miss that agenda 

 4    that day?  It didn't advance this year through 

 5    the Elections Committee either, did it?

 6                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President.  My colleague knows full well how 

 8    this chamber operates.  And towards the end of 

 9    session bills can be discharged from committees 

10    to Rules, which is I believe what happened here.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

12    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Do you know if 

20    the bill passed through the Assembly Elections 

21    Committee?  Did they talk about it in the 

22    committee in the other house, or was it also 

23    discharged directly to the floor over there?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President.  The bill was not discharged to 


                                                               7056

 1    the floor in the Assembly.  I believe the bill 

 2    was discharged to Rules or another committee in 

 3    the Assembly.  

 4                 And again, this is a process that my 

 5    colleague is familiar with.  He has a number of 

 6    local government bills that were discharged out 

 7    of Local Government and not passed through 

 8    Local Government just this session.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I appreciate you 

18    talking about my bill.  When I put one of those 

19    local bills in, what I do is I also put in a 

20    request-out slip so that that committee knows 

21    that I would like it to move through that 

22    committee.  

23                 Did you put a request-out slip with 

24    the Elections Committee on this bill this 

25    session?


                                                               7057

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, that's not required.  I didn't put 

 3    in a slip.  But I certainly put in a request.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   In three years of 

13    work on this bill which will impact local 

14    elections, what support or counsel did you 

15    receive from local governments?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President.  One of the reasons why we got to 

18    a D print last year is because we were in 

19    significant consultation with NYCOM and the 

20    Association of Counties.  And while it's true 

21    they are not exactly in love with this bill, they 

22    provided significant input that was incorporated 

23    into versions of this bill.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               7058

 1    yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So not receiving 

 8    support from the Association of Counties or the 

 9    Conference of Mayors.  

10                 Did you receive support from the 

11    Town Highway Superintendents?  

12                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

13    Mr. President, I'm not aware of any position 

14    they've taken.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

16    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

17    yield.

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 The sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What about the 

23    Association of Towns?  

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

25    Mr. President, I do not believe they've issued a 


                                                               7059

 1    memo of support, if that's what you're getting 

 2    at.

 3                 Some groups that have issued support 

 4    include most of the good government groups, 

 5    because this is a good government bill.  Common 

 6    Cause, Citizen Union in New York City -- which, 

 7    again, is engaged in a constitutional amendment 

 8    campaign to shift city elections to even years.  

 9                 Most of the good government groups 

10    that engage in our work here in Albany not just 

11    support, strongly support this measure.  And it's 

12    because it's the single reform, by far and away 

13    the one single reform that could dramatically -- 

14    not a little, not some, dramatically increase 

15    turnout in these currently odd-year elections.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

18    yield.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What about the 

25    county executives?


                                                               7060

 1                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 2    Mr. President, the county executives -- is there 

 3    an association of county executives?  I'm not 

 4    even sure what you're referring to.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 6    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Do you have any 

14    support from any county executives that you could 

15    voice to the chamber?

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President.  We reached out to a host of 

18    elected officials last year as part of outreach.  

19    We incorporated a lot of feedback based on input 

20    from elected officials from the associations I 

21    mentioned before.  

22                 And so this suggestion that we're 

23    doing this in a vacuum, which I think is what 

24    you're suggesting, is off base.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 


                                                               7061

 1    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield?  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Did you receive 

 9    support or feedback from the Elections 

10    Commissioners Association?

11                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

12    Mr. President, we did have significant 

13    consultation with many election commissioners at 

14    the county as well as the state level, State BOE, 

15    and much of their feedback was incorporated into 

16    this final version.

17                 I'm curious to note that in this 

18    long list of associations and elected officials 

19    that you're rattling off, you've left out the 

20    most important group, voters.  

21                 Voters are the ones who are going to 

22    benefit from this bill.  Voters are going to be 

23    the ones who are casting ballots that will 

24    determine who runs their counties and towns -- 

25    not at 20 percent levels or 30 percent levels, 


                                                               7062

 1    but in some cases 60, 70 percent turnout levels.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 3    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 6    sponsor yield?

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What about 

11    feedback from the Association of Clerks of 

12    Legislative Boards?

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President, I think that's the letter you read 

15    into the record before we engaged in some debate.  

16    And they raised very generic issues that we've 

17    addressed in this debate that I've been aware of 

18    since almost day one since I introduced the bill.  

19    There's nothing new in that correspondence that 

20    would have informed this bill language.

21                 Again, much technical feedback in 

22    particular was provided by many of the 

23    associations that you listed before.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

25    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               7063

 1    yield.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I'm so encouraged 

 8    to hear that voters are really the top concern 

 9    and that was the group that I was leaving out.  

10    It was just a little bit further down on my list, 

11    but certainly not by priority at all.

12                 How many public hearings did you 

13    have on this bill that you're proposing to change 

14    our -- the years that our local governments are 

15    going to have their elections on?  

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

17    Mr. President, I think we've probably taken up 

18    and passed upwards of a thousand bills this 

19    session.  And as you know, as well as all of us 

20    know, the vast majority of those bills that are 

21    taken up and passed do not have public hearings.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 


                                                               7064

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The vast majority 

 6    of the bills that we take up in this chamber -- 

 7    and not to paint them with a broad brush, because 

 8    I think you have to go through each one; that's 

 9    why we do that -- but don't often have a sponsor 

10    that stands up and that accuses the questioner of 

11    not caring about voters.  

12                 I asked how many public hearings, 

13    how many times did you reach out to the voters 

14    that you really wanted to be on this list -- how 

15    many times did you reach out to the voters and 

16    have public hearings to seek their feedback 

17    before you proposed a bill in the New York State 

18    Senate that would change what year our local 

19    elections are had on?

20                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

21    Mr. President, I certainly appreciate the 

22    attempts at the straw man arguments, but let's be 

23    clear.  We've all participated in public hearings 

24    here in Albany.  The folks who would show up to a 

25    public hearing in this kind of case are those 


                                                               7065

 1    associations that you listed off before whose 

 2    feedback we sought and incorporated in the bill.  

 3                 Your suggestion that, you know, Joe 

 4    and Jane off the street of, you know, the town of 

 5    Wilna are going to show up to a public hearing is 

 6    just completely off base.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

 9    yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

11    sponsor yield?

12                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So this bill 

16    didn't go through either Elections Committee and 

17    wasn't vetted in either session that it's -- any 

18    of the three legislative sessions that it's been 

19    carried in, either by your predecessor or by you, 

20    by the members that sit on the 

21    Elections Committee in either the Senate or in 

22    the Assembly.  But it is moving to the floor now.  

23                 But I just want to understand that 

24    not only has it not gone through the 

25    Elections Committee, which are the 


                                                               7066

 1    representatives that are, you know, we're kind of 

 2    charged with looking over bills in that area of 

 3    law and having a discussion across the table 

 4    about some of the nuances here.  So the D print 

 5    that you've got last session and the B print that 

 6    you've got this session was kind of independent 

 7    of that process.  

 8                 And I'm understanding that there 

 9    were also no public hearings to reach out to --

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

11    Walczyk, are you on the bill or asking questions?

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I've got a 

13    question, Mr. President.  

14                 There were also no public hearings.  

15    Was there any kind of task force put together to 

16    seek feedback from voters in the State of 

17    New York?

18                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

19    Mr. President.  You're -- you've said this a 

20    number of times, with all respect, that this bill 

21    hasn't been vetted, it hasn't been looked at by 

22    the Election Committee members.  And you know as 

23    well as I do that that is just simply not true.  

24                 Again, this bill has been around for 

25    over 10 years.  There've been a lot of eyes on 


                                                               7067

 1    this bill.  There's been plenty of time for 

 2    anyone who wants to vet it to vet it.   

 3                 And in fact I know that you've 

 4    looked at this prior to today, because several 

 5    months ago you sent me a rather unusual letter 

 6    requesting that I strike the enacting clause to 

 7    this bill.  

 8                 And so, again, the implication that 

 9    this is the first time you, as the ranking member 

10    of Elections, is taking a look at this bill, is 

11    considering this bill, you know, we worked around 

12    your mindfulness -- you've known about this bill, 

13    you've looked at this bill, you've studied this 

14    bill for several months at a minimum.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

16    Mr. President, will the sponsor continue to 

17    yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I at no point 

24    meant to represent like tonight was the first 

25    time I was ever looking at this legislation.  I 


                                                               7068

 1    knew that this was a bad idea for long time.  

 2                 But I do want to pivot off of that 

 3    and close with a few questions, because I think 

 4    your -- your intent here, turnout is the goal, 

 5    right?  Your intent here is to increase turnout 

 6    in the State of New York.  Is that right?  In 

 7    elections, whether they be local or federal, you 

 8    want to see more people turning out and 

 9    participating in democracy.  Do I understand that 

10    correctly?

11                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

13    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Would you say 

21    that voters should, as a personal recommendation, 

22    should turn out every time that there's an 

23    election even if it seems like it's just down to 

24    a tax collector or a local justice or -- all the 

25    way up to the president of the United States, and 


                                                               7069

 1    even if it's a very difficult choice for them to 

 2    make?  Wouldn't that be even more important for 

 3    them to turn out?  

 4                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 5    Mr. President, I'm not sure exactly what your 

 6    question is.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 8    Mr. President, to clarify.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

10    Walczyk to clarify.  

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Would you 

12    encourage voters to turn out to the polls even if 

13    they're facing a difficult decision?  

14                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

15    Mr. President, I suppose I would always encourage 

16    voters to turn out to the polls.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

18    Mr. President, would the sponsor continue to 

19    yield.  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Even if it's a 


                                                               7070

 1    difficult decision like a pay raise for 

 2    Andrew Cuomo?

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

 4    Mr. President, voters did not vote on 

 5    Andrew Cuomo's pay raise.  That wasn't on any 

 6    ballot.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Mr. President, on 

 8    the bill.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

10    Walczyk on the bill.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   The sponsor says 

12    that the goal is to increase turnout.  This bill 

13    puts local elections outside of New York City on 

14    a federal election cycle.  His goal is not just 

15    to increase turnout, as he says.  His goal is to 

16    game elections towards Democrat voter turnout.  

17                 I'm actually not that surprised.  

18    And I have known about this bill for a while, and 

19    it's why I asked the sponsor to strike the 

20    enacting clause, because I believe that this is a 

21    pretty shameless political scheme designed by 

22    people who are considering one party over 

23    another, not considering elections and government 

24    by the people, of the people, for the people.  

25                 Their goal is to get one party to 


                                                               7071

 1    win overwhelmingly -- and in this case, with this 

 2    bill, overwhelmingly in local elections where 

 3    they currently struggle.  The goal is 

 4    self-serving, but also it's dangerous.  And more 

 5    dangerous than just tipping the scales for one 

 6    political party, because I think that this bill 

 7    tugs at the layers of our representative 

 8    democracy, of our local representation in favor 

 9    of federalism.

10                 You know, I served in local 

11    government and I've remained good friends with 

12    someone who would probably surprise a lot of you 

13    folks across the aisle, a big fan of 

14    Bernie Sanders.  And if we ever ran higher up the 

15    ticket, we probably would be opponents.  But when 

16    it came to running on local government issues, we 

17    agreed on things like whether the local pool 

18    should get fixed and, you know, where some money 

19    for infrastructure could go.  Because in local 

20    governments those issues supercede federal 

21    politics.  

22                 One-party greed seems to know no end 

23    in this state, and that's why I'm concerned.  

24    They're angry that people continue to vote for 

25    Republicans locally, and some of those electeds 


                                                               7072

 1    run for seats in the State Senate and in the 

 2    State Assembly.  I think we have to worry about 

 3    training voters to hit the easy button by this 

 4    way, by saying:  Focus only on the federal issues 

 5    and then just line it down the rest of the 

 6    ballot, and that's your job as an informed 

 7    citizen.  

 8                 I think about it the other way 

 9    around.  And while encouraging voters to turn out 

10    is a very laudable goal, and I think one that can 

11    be approached in a lot of ways not like this, 

12    considering that the citizen is the highest 

13    office in the land, it's more important for the 

14    citizen to absolutely understand the layers of 

15    government and have that as full weight when 

16    they're going into the local election year in an 

17    off-year.  

18                 This country is run by people who 

19    show up -- and not just show up once every two 

20    years, not just show up once every four years.  

21    It's run by citizens who take interest in their 

22    government, who want to learn their local 

23    government issues, their state government issues, 

24    their federal government issues, and they show up 

25    to the polling places informed.  


                                                               7073

 1                 And so yes, I asked the sponsor to 

 2    strike the enacting clause, because that's a 

 3    system that I enjoy.  It's an American 

 4    fundamental republic system that I'm frustrated 

 5    at some of the changes.  

 6                 And listen, you want to win more 

 7    seats, I can understand that.  It seems greedy 

 8    when you've got a supermajority.  But if you'd 

 9    like to win more seats, this is what I would 

10    suggest to my colleagues across the aisle.  Knock 

11    on more doors, go to more public events, shake 

12    more hands, answer more interviews, pick up the 

13    phone in your office and respond to your 

14    constituents, pass better policies out of these 

15    chambers that people actually want you to, and 

16    work harder for the people that you represent.  

17                 That's how you win more seats.  You 

18    want people to turn out?  Stop passing laws that 

19    undermine citizens' very important calling to 

20    each layer of government in the State of 

21    New York.  These are the fundamental principles 

22    of our republic.

23                 Thank you, Mr. President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

25    you, Senator Walczyk.  


                                                               7074

 1                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

 2    to be heard?  

 3                 Senator Borrello.

 4                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Mr. President, 

 5    it's been a few minutes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 7    Borrello, why do you rise?

 8                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   May I speak on 

 9    the bill.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

11    Borrello on the bill.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you.  

13                 You know, oftentimes in Albany we 

14    have solutions in search of a problem.  And 

15    that's what this really is.  But usually there is 

16    at least some kind of a special interest group.  

17    I mean, we've got advocates in these halls all 

18    the time, but I have yet to hear one coming out 

19    with a chant that "We are here for even years.  

20    We are here for even years."  

21                 Nobody, and I mean nobody, wants to 

22    have these elections moved to even years.  You 

23    know who doesn't want them to move to even years?  

24    The people that execute these elections for us.  

25    The first person I heard from about this bill was 


                                                               7075

 1    the Democrat election commissioner in my county 

 2    that I live in, who said "Don't do this.  This is 

 3    going to be a problem."  

 4                 You know who else doesn't want this?  

 5    The people that are supposed to run for those 

 6    town and village elections.  It's hard enough to 

 7    get people to run for those jobs, those thankless 

 8    jobs, those phone calls that you get in the 

 9    middle of the night because "my neighbor's dog 

10    crapped on my lawn."  That's the job.  Those are 

11    the people that don't want you to do this, 

12    because they don't want to get overshadowed by 

13    presidential politics and state politics.  

14                 So who wants this bill?  I mean, 

15    other than Senator Skoufis, I'm not sure.

16                 (Laughter.)

17                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   But the problem 

18    is, we shouldn't do this.  We shouldn't do this.  

19                 The first time that I got elected 

20    was for the county legislature.  I ran in a town 

21    that was more Democrats than Republicans, and I 

22    beat an incumbent Democrat because I was working 

23    harder than he was to get to do the job.  

24                 Same thing when I ran for county 

25    executive.  I ran in a 50/50 county, and I won 


                                                               7076

 1    with 64 percent of the vote.  

 2                 And I can point to many Democrats in 

 3    my district that are in local elections that are 

 4    Democrats that are winning in Republican 

 5    districts, because those are the people closest 

 6    to the people.  Those are the elected officials 

 7    that are closest to the people they represent.  

 8    And they deserve the opportunity to be heard, not 

 9    to be drowned out and overshadowed by the 

10    politics, the toxic politics of state and federal 

11    elections.  

12                 So I am yet to hear who actually 

13    wanted this.  I heard lots of great reasons why, 

14    but who really wants this?  And if this is a 

15    government that's supposed to be for the people, 

16    then we should be doing what the people want, not 

17    what we think they need.  That's the last thing 

18    that they need.

19                 So I'll be voting no.  Thank you.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Are there 

21    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

22                 Senator Stec, I might remind you 

23    that there are 14 minutes left of the time.

24                 SENATOR STEC:   Will the sponsor 

25    yield for a question.  


                                                               7077

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield for a question?  

 3                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:  Of course.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR STEC:   Good evening.  I 

 7    know the hour is late.  

 8                 What does your bill do for county 

 9    legislatures that are three-year terms?

10                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Did you say 

11    three-year terms?

12                 SENATOR STEC:   Mm-hmm.

13                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

14    Mr. President.  If the -- if there is an office 

15    currently with a three-year term, they are carved 

16    out of this bill because, for obvious 

17    mathematical reasons, there's no way to get them 

18    onto an even-year cycle permanently.

19                 SENATOR STEC:   So if the sponsor 

20    would continue to yield for a follow-up to that 

21    one question.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield for a question?

24                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   the 


                                                               7078

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR STEC:   You mentioned at the 

 3    beginning of this debate a while ago that you had 

 4    a lot of carve-outs for constitutional reasons.  

 5    Would your intent be or would your desire be to 

 6    somehow rectify that so that these three-year 

 7    offices get synchronized to a federalized 

 8    election schedule?

 9                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Through you, 

10    Mr. President.  I really don't, honestly, have 

11    intentions vis-a-vis that exact issue.

12                 SENATOR STEC:   All right.  Thank 

13    you very much, Mr. President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

15    you, Senator Stec.

16                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Thank you.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Are there 

18    any other Senators wishing to be heard?

19                 (Laughter.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Seeing 

21    and hearing none, debate is closed.  

22                 Ring the bell.

23                 (Applause.)

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    Secretary will ring the bell.


                                                               7079

 1                 Read the last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 3    act shall take effect immediately.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 8    Rhoads to explain his vote.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

10    Mr. President.  

11                 Thank you for the lively debate, 

12    Senator Skoufis.  I did just want to -- since you 

13    brought up a Ralph Caso election, I did just want 

14    to correct the record.  

15                 Actually, Eugene Nickerson was the 

16    county executive in '61, '64 and '67, who was a 

17    Democrat.  At the time, the county executive ran 

18    every three years.  In 1973, after Caso's 

19    election in 1970, they elected, effective 1977, 

20    to change it to a four-year term so you wouldn't 

21    stagger the odd-even as you did every three 

22    years.  So I just wanted to correct you on that.

23                 I just -- you know, I just wish -- 

24    and I know that things come to the floor and 

25    members on the other side vote for their party.  


                                                               7080

 1    We tend to do the same thing too.  And I know 

 2    that we're about to announce the final vote.  

 3    This is a truly bad idea.  As Senator Borrello 

 4    said, this is something that no one locally 

 5    wants.  

 6                 And I know for most of the members 

 7    in this room that are from the city, it doesn't 

 8    impact you.  But for myself -- and one of the 

 9    reasons that I was so passionate about the 

10    argument is that I find it offensive that we're 

11    dictating what it is that we are doing in our 

12    home county here from Albany without listening to 

13    the voices of residents that don't want this.  

14                 And that's reflected by the 

15    questions that were asked by Senator Walczyk to 

16    the sponsor.  No one wants this.  So why are we 

17    doing this?  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

19    Rhoads to be recorded in the negative.

20                 Senator Skoufis to explain his vote.

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Thank you, 

22    Mr. President.  

23                 Briefly, I first want to thank a 

24    number of people, starting with Majority Leader 

25    Andrea Stewart-Cousins and, in the Assembly -- 


                                                               7081

 1    which passed this bill a little bit earlier -- 

 2    the Speaker and the sponsor, Amy Paulin.  

 3                 I want to thank the Elections chair, 

 4    Zellnor Myrie, for his early support; staff, 

 5    including Marty Ascher; the State BOE; and many 

 6    others who contributed to the language in this 

 7    bill to make sure we got this right.

 8                 There are many times that any of us 

 9    here in this chamber wish we could wave a magic 

10    wand to fix problems, to improve situations.  And 

11    of course no one has a magic wand.  But this is 

12    as pretty close as it gets.  We're changing a 

13    numeral, the last numeral of an election year, 

14    and with that one change we are doubling to 

15    tripling voter turnout in local town and county 

16    elections.  

17                 I have heard my colleagues.  I 

18    appreciate the dialogue and the debate.  And, you 

19    know, this specter of politics as a motivation 

20    kept coming up, although I'm curious why that 

21    wasn't incorporated into any of the questions.  

22                 If it was, the response would have 

23    been simple:  How and why?  How is higher voter 

24    turnout somehow politically motivated?  What is 

25    anyone afraid of with higher voter turnout?  Why 


                                                               7082

 1    is that better for Democrats, more people voting?  

 2    I think that's a question we all have to ask 

 3    ourselves.  We should all be in pursuit of and in 

 4    support of higher voter turnout.

 5                 The evidence is crystal-clear.  

 6    Every single place that has incorporated this 

 7    reform in the country has seen dramatically 

 8    higher turnout.  And when posed the question who 

 9    wants this, I think if you asked almost any voter 

10    in this state, Do you think 70 percent of people 

11    should be choosing their county executive or 

12    20 percent of people, 99 out of a hundred would 

13    probably say the former, not the latter.

14                 This is about making sure that our 

15    county governments and our town governments as 

16    best as possible reflect the communities that 

17    those officeholders are serving.  And I daresay 

18    it is near impossible to have a proper reflection 

19    when only 20 percent of voters are participating 

20    in those races.  

21                 And so I thank my colleagues who are 

22    in support of this bill.  I look forward to its 

23    implementation.  I look forward, yes, to the 

24    constitutional amendment that was invoked a 

25    number of times in this debate.  And most 


                                                               7083

 1    importantly, I look forward to far greater 

 2    participation in our local elections.

 3                 I vote yes.

 4                 Thank you, Madam President.  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 6    Skoufis to be recorded in the affirmative.  

 7                 Announce the results.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Madam President?

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

10    Skoufis was to close.  It was announced that 

11    Senator Skoufis was closing.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

13    let's let Senator Martins explain his vote.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Okay.  

15    Senator Martins.  

16                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you.  And 

17    thank you, Senator Gianaris.

18                 You know, we talk about numbers, 

19    percentages -- I've heard more percentages in the 

20    last two hours than perhaps in the last six 

21    months that we've been in session.  Percentages 

22    for everything -- 50 percent increase in that, 

23    70 percent increase in this.  Twenty percent more 

24    over X, Y and Z.  

25                 Here's what I know.  I know that you 


                                                               7084

 1    don't have a town election with a federal 

 2    election.  I know that when people need to decide 

 3    where to invest their money and whether or not to 

 4    elect people locally, you shouldn't intrude with 

 5    federal elections, presidential elections, 

 6    congressional elections at the same time.  

 7                 As I said earlier, I know that 

 8    nobody in my district has come to me and asked me 

 9    to consolidate, unify, merge, align any of these 

10    elections.  And yet I also know that there's a 

11    strong political component around doing this.  

12    That's a fact.  The sponsor knows it.  Everybody 

13    in the room knows it.  We all know what's going 

14    on here.  There's no secret here.  We can sit 

15    here and talk about percentages and good 

16    government groups and talk about Common Cause, 

17    but that's not what this is about.  And the sad 

18    part is everybody in this room knows exactly what 

19    this is about.  And we all know how this vote's 

20    going to turn out.  

21                 The reason we don't have a state 

22    referendum on whether or not to move forward is 

23    because they decided to bring this bill to the 

24    floor not through the committee, but to bring it 

25    directly to the floor.  And you know what?  


                                                               7085

 1    Conveniently, we haven't had the opportunity to 

 2    introduce the very bill that would allow for the 

 3    constitutional amendment.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 5    Martins --

 6                 SENATOR MARTINS:   I vote no.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 8    Martins, right on time, votes no.  

 9                 Announce the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

11    Calendar Number 1802, those Senators voting in 

12    the negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

13    Breslin, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, 

14    Helming, Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Mayer, Murray, 

15    Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, 

16    Rolison, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

17                 Ayes, 39.  Nays, 23.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

21    reading of the controversial calendar.

22                 (Member reaction.)

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

24    please recognize Senator Lanza for a motion.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 


                                                               7086

 1    Lanza.

 2                 SENATOR LANZA:   Mr. President, 

 3    Senator Stec moves for a substitution.  Please 

 4    call up Senate Print Number 5836, which is now at 

 5    the desk.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    Secretary will read.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    605, Senate Print 5836, by Senator Stec, an act 

10    to amend the Town Law.  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

12    roll.

13                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

14                 SENATOR LANZA:   I now move to 

15    reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed 

16    and to restore it to the order of third reading.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll on reconsideration.  

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

22    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

23    Calendar.

24                 SENATOR LANZA:   Mr. President, I 

25    now move to discharge, from the Committee on 


                                                               7087

 1    Local Government, Assembly Print 5801 and 

 2    substitute it for the identical bill.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   So 

 4    ordered.

 5                 SENATOR LANZA:   Mr. President, the 

 6    Senate bill on first passage was voted 

 7    unanimously.  I now move that the substituted 

 8    Assembly bill have its third reading at this 

 9    time.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   So 

11    ordered.

12                 Senator Gianaris.  

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let us take up 

14    the report of the Rules Committee, please.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    Secretary will read.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

18    Stewart-Cousins, from the Committee on Rules, 

19    reports the following bills:  

20                 Senate Print 7573, by 

21    Senator Kavanagh, an act to amend the 

22    Education Law; 

23                 Senate Print 4709A, by 

24    Senator Kavanagh, an act to amend the 

25    Real Property Tax Law; 


                                                               7088

 1                 Senate Print 4712B, by 

 2    Senator Weber, an act to amend the Town Law; 

 3                 Senate Print 4901, by 

 4    Senator Rolison, an act to amend the Village Law; 

 5                 Senate Print 4981B, by 

 6    Senator Brouk, an act to amend the 

 7    Public Health Law; 

 8                 Senate Print 5120B, by 

 9    Senator Parker, an act to amend the 

10    Public Service Law; 

11                 Senate Print 5239, by 

12    Senator Skoufis, an act to amend the 

13    Retirement and Social Security Law; 

14                 Senate Print 5742, by 

15    Senator Palumbo, an act permitting the 

16    Village Board of the Village of Southampton to 

17    provide health insurance coverage for enrolled 

18    members of the Southampton Village Ocean Rescue; 

19                 Senate Print 5827, by 

20    Senator Cleare, an act to amend the 

21    Public Authorities Law; 

22                 Senate Print 6126A, by 

23    Senator Murray, an act authorizing the Town of 

24    Brookhaven to alienate certain parklands for use 

25    as a wet retention pond; 


                                                               7089

 1                 Senate Print 6177B, by 

 2    Senator Martins, an act in relation to 

 3    authorizing the County of Nassau assessor to 

 4    accept an application for a real property tax 

 5    exemption;

 6                 Senate Print 6262A, by Senator Weik, 

 7    an act to amend Chapter 493 of the Laws of 1987; 

 8                 Senate Print 7399, by 

 9    Senator Felder, an act to amend the 

10    Education Law; 

11                 Senate Print 7456, by 

12    Senator Kavanagh, an act to amend the 

13    Public Housing Law; 

14                 Senate Print 7492B, by 

15    Senator Stavisky, an act to amend the 

16    Education Law; 

17                 Senate Print 7513, by 

18    Senator Martinez, an act to amend the 

19    State Finance Law; 

20                 Senate Print 7519, by 

21    Senator Jackson, an act to amend the 

22    Retirement and Social Security Law; 

23                 Senate Print 7542, by 

24    Senator O'Mara, an act authorizing the 

25    Commissioner of General Services to transfer and 


                                                               7090

 1    convey certain unappropriated state land to the 

 2    Town of Romulus; 

 3                 Senate Print 7566B, by 

 4    Senator Kennedy, an act relating to settlement of 

 5    certain land claims; 

 6                 Senate Print 7574, by 

 7    Senator Addabbo, an act to amend the 

 8    Education Law; 

 9                 Senate Print 7444, by 

10    Senator Brisport, an act to amend the 

11    Family Court Act; 

12                 Senate Print 7571, by 

13    Senator Scarcella-Spanton, an act in relation to 

14    authorizing the Silver Lake Foundation Inc. to 

15    receive retroactive real property tax exempt 

16    status.

17                 All bills reported direct to third 

18    reading.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

20    the report of the Rules Committee.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

22    in favor of accepting the report of the 

23    Rules Committee signify by saying aye.

24                 (Response of "Aye.")

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 


                                                               7091

 1    nay.

 2                 (No response.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The Rules 

 4    Committee report is accepted.  

 5                 Senator Gianaris.  

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's go to 

 7    messages from the Assembly, please.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    Secretary will read.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Rolison 

11    moves to discharge, from the Committee on Rules, 

12    Assembly Bill Number 5223C and substitute it for 

13    the identical Senate Bill 5362C, Third Reading 

14    Calendar 693.  

15                 Senator Rolison moves to discharge, 

16    from the Committee on Local Government, 

17    Assembly Bill Number 5355 and substitute it for 

18    the identical Senate Bill 4901, Third Reading 

19    Calendar 1843.

20                 Senator Brouk moves to discharge, 

21    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

22    Number 1297B and substitute it for the identical 

23    Senate Bill 4981B, Third Reading Calendar 1844.  

24                 Senator Parker moves to discharge, 

25    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 


                                                               7092

 1    Number 1721B and substitute it for the identical 

 2    Senate Bill 5120B, Third Reading Calendar 1845.

 3                 Senator Skoufis moves to discharge, 

 4    from the Committee on Civil Service and Pensions, 

 5    Assembly Bill Number 5716 and substitute it for 

 6    the identical Senate Bill Number 5239, Third 

 7    Reading Calendar 1846.

 8                 Senator Palumbo moves to discharge, 

 9    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

10    Number 5927 and substitute it for the identical 

11    Senate Bill 5742, Third Reading Calendar 1847.

12                 Senator Cleare moves to discharge, 

13    from the Committee on Corporations, Authorities 

14    and Commissions, Assembly Bill Number 4586 and 

15    substitute it for the identical Senate Bill 5827, 

16    Third Reading Calendar 1848.

17                 Senator Weik moves to discharge, 

18    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

19    Number 6384A and substitute it for the identical 

20    Senate Bill 6262A, Third Reading Calendar 1851.

21                 Senator Kavanagh moves to discharge, 

22    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

23    Number 7273 and substitute it for the identical 

24    Senate Bill 7456, Third Reading Calendar 1853.

25                 Senator Martinez moves to discharge, 


                                                               7093

 1    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 2    Number 6903 and substitute it for the identical 

 3    Senate Bill 7513, Third Reading Calendar 1855.

 4                 Senator Jackson moves to discharge, 

 5    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

 6    Number 5710 and substitute it for the identical 

 7    Senate Bill 7519, Third Reading Calendar 1856.

 8                 Senator Brisport moves to discharge, 

 9    from the Committee on Children and Families, 

10    Assembly Bill Number 6544 and substitute it for 

11    the identical Senate Bill 7444, Third Reading 

12    Calendar 1860.

13                 Senator Stavisky moves to discharge, 

14    from the Committee on Rules, Assembly Bill 

15    Number 6697B and substitute it for the identical 

16    Senate Bill 7492B, Third Reading Calendar 1854.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY: 

18    Substitutions so ordered.

19                 The Secretary will read.  

20                 Excuse me.  Senator -- Senator 

21    Gianaris, excuse me.  

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's take up 

23    the supplemental calendar, please.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    Secretary will read.


                                                               7094

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    693, Assembly Bill Number 5223C, by 

 3    Assemblymember Beephan, an act to amend the 

 4    Highway Law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 6    last section.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 8    act shall take effect immediately.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    1840, Senate Print 7573, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

19    act to amend the Education Law.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

21    is high and will be laid aside for the day.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    1841, Senate Print 4709A, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

24    act to amend the Real Property Tax Law.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 


                                                               7095

 1    last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 3    act shall take effect immediately.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 5    roll.

 6                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 8    the results.  

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

10    Calendar 1841, those Senators voting in the 

11    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, Brisport, 

12    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 

13    Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

14    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

15    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

16                 Ayes, 40.  Nays, 22.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

18    is passed.

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

20    1842, Senate Print 4712B, by Senator Weber, an 

21    act to amend the Town Law.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

23    last section.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4.  This 

25    act shall take effect immediately.


                                                               7096

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 2    roll.

 3                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 5    the results.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 7    Calendar 1842, those Senators voting in the 

 8    negative are Senators Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

 9    Cooney, Harckham, Hinchey, Kennedy, Lanza, 

10    Mannion, Martinez, Mattera, Mayer, Murray, 

11    O'Mara, Ortt, Scarcella-Spanton, Skoufis, Tedisco 

12    and Webb.

13                 Ayes, 45.  Nays, 17.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

15    is passed.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    1843, Assembly Bill Number 5355, by 

18    Assemblymember Maher, an act to amend the 

19    Village Law.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

21    last section.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

23    act shall take effect immediately.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

25    roll.


                                                               7097

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 8    1844, Assembly Bill Number 1297B, by 

 9    Assemblymember Bichotte Hermelyn, an act to amend 

10    the Public Health Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

12    last section.  

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

22    is passed.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    1845, Assembly Bill Number 1721B, by 

25    Assemblymember Cunningham, an act to amend the 


                                                               7098

 1    Public Service Law.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 3    last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

10    the results.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

12    Calendar Number 1845, voting in the negative:  

13    Senator Walczyk.  

14                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 1.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    1846, Assembly Bill Number 5716, by 

19    Assemblymember Pheffer Amato, an act to amend the 

20    Retirement and Social Security Law.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately January 1, 

25    2024.


                                                               7099

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 2    roll.

 3                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 5    the results.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    1847, Assembly Bill Number 5927, by 

11    Assemblymember Thiele, an act permitting the 

12    Village Board of the Village of Southampton to 

13    provide health insurance coverage for enrolled 

14    members of the Southampton Village Ocean Rescue.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

16    a home-rule message at the desk.

17                 Read the last section.  

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

19    act shall take effect immediately.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

21    roll.

22                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

24    the results.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 


                                                               7100

 1    Calendar Number 1847, voting in the negative:  

 2    Senator Skoufis.  

 3                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 1.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 5    is passed.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 7    1848, Assembly Bill Number 4586, by 

 8    Assemblymember Paulin, an act to amend the 

 9    Public Authorities Law.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

11    last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

13    act shall take effect on the 60th day after it 

14    shall have become a law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

19    the results.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

22    is passed.  

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    1849, Senate Print 6126A, by Senator Murray, an 

25    act authorizing the Town of Brookhaven to 


                                                               7101

 1    alienate certain parklands for use as a wet 

 2    retention pond.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

 4    a home-rule message at the desk.

 5                 Read the last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 7.  This 

 7    act shall take effect immediately.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 9    roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

12    the results.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

15    is passed.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

17    1850, Senate Print 6177B, by Senator Martins, an 

18    act in relation to authorizing the County of 

19    Nassau assessor to accept an application for a 

20    real property tax exemption.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

24    act shall take effect immediately.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 


                                                               7102

 1    roll.  

 2                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 4    the results.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 6    Calendar Number 1850, those Senators voting in 

 7    the negative are Senators O'Mara and Skoufis.

 8                 Ayes, 60.  Nays, 2.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

10    is passed.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    1851, Assembly Bill Number 6384A, by 

13    Assemblymember Gandolfo, an act to amend 

14    Chapter 493 of the Laws of 1987.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

16    last section.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

18    act shall take effect immediately.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

20    roll.  

21                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

23    the results.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 


                                                               7103

 1    is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    1852, Senate Print 7399, by Senator Felder, an 

 4    act to amend the Education Law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 6    last section.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 8    act shall take effect immediately.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

15    Calendar Number 1852, voting in the negative are 

16    Senators Cleare, Krueger and Ramos.

17                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 3.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    1853, Assembly Bill Number 7273, by 

22    Assemblymember Rosenthal, an act to amend the 

23    Public Housing Law.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

25    last section.


                                                               7104

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 2    act shall take effect immediately.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 4    roll.

 5                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 7    the results.  

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

10    is passed.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    1854, Assembly Bill Number 6697B, by 

13    Assemblymember Fahy, an act to amend the 

14    Education Law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

16    last section.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

18    act shall take effect immediately.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

20    roll.

21                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

23    the results.  

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 


                                                               7105

 1    is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    1855, Assembly Bill Number 6903, by 

 4    Assemblymember Stern, an act to amend the 

 5    State Finance Law.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 7    last section.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 9    act shall take effect immediately.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

11    roll.

12                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

14    the results.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    1856, Assembly Bill Number 5710, by 

20    Assemblymember Pheffer Amato, an act to amend the 

21    Retirement and Social Security Law.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

23    last section.

24                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

25    act shall take effect immediately.  


                                                               7106

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 2    roll.

 3                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

 5    the results.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 8    is passed.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    1857, Senate Print 7542, by Senator O'Mara, an 

11    act authorizing the Commissioner of 

12    General Services to transfer and convey certain 

13    unappropriated state land to the Town of Romulus.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

15    last section.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 6.  This 

17    act shall take effect immediately.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

19    roll.

20                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

22    the results.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

25    is passed.


                                                               7107

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    1858, Senate Print 7566B, by Senator Kennedy, an 

 3    act relating to settlement of certain land 

 4    claims.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 6    Gianaris.

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

 8    message of necessity at the desk?  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

10    a message of necessity at the desk.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

12    the message of necessity.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   All those 

14    in favor of accepting the message please signify 

15    by saying aye.

16                 (Response of "Aye.")

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

18    nay.

19                 (No response.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

22    house.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               7108

 1    act shall take effect immediately.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 6    Kennedy to explain his vote.

 7                 SENATOR KENNEDY:   Thank you, 

 8    Mr. President.

 9                 First of all, I want to thank our 

10    Majority Leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, for 

11    bringing this bill to the floor.  

12                 This bill authorizes the Governor to 

13    execute an agreement settling the Mohawk land 

14    claim in Franklin and St. Lawrence counties, 

15    which has been pending since 1982.  It's in the 

16    best interests of the state as well as the 

17    impacted counties to settle this long-standing 

18    claim.  

19                 In 2014, the state, through the 

20    Governor, St. Lawrence County and St. Regis 

21    Mohawk Tribe entered into a memorandum of 

22    understanding to set out a framework for settling 

23    the case.  Later, Franklin County and the other 

24    Mohawk plaintiffs joined the settlement talks.  

25    In 2022, a mediator was appointed by the federal 


                                                               7109

 1    magistrate, and the parties are now close to a 

 2    comprehensive settlement.  Most recently, the 

 3    state and Franklin County reached agreement on a 

 4    key provision of the settlement which is 

 5    reflected in County Resolution 188.  

 6                 The bill requires that the final 

 7    settlement signed by the Governor be considerably 

 8    consistent with the 2014 MOU and Resolution 188.  

 9    This recognizes that the 2014 MOU was not a 

10    comprehensive settlement involving all parties 

11    and that the final settlement may differ in some 

12    ways while remaining considerably consistent with 

13    the framework agreed to in the MOU.  

14                 I want to acknowledge 

15    Assemblyman Billy Jones, who's carrying the bill 

16    in the Assembly and who's worked on finding a 

17    resolution to this issue for more than a decade.

18                 I also want to recognize 

19    Senator Stec for his leadership on this issue and 

20    his commitment to a fair settlement for all 

21    parties involved.

22                 Finally, I commend the Governor for 

23    finally resolving a 40-plus-year dispute that has 

24    eluded so many previous administrations.  

25                 And with that, Mr. President, I vote 


                                                               7110

 1    aye.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 3    Kennedy to be recorded in the affirmative.

 4                 Senator Stec to explain his vote.

 5                 SENATOR STEC:   Thank you, 

 6    Mr. President.  

 7                 I want to echo my colleague's 

 8    sentiments and thank Senator Kennedy for his 

 9    efforts here.  As a matter of fact, about a 

10    year ago Senator Kennedy and I both were at the 

11    St. Regis Mohawk Akwesasne together, meeting with 

12    their leadership about this and many other 

13    issues.  

14                 But as he mentioned, this is a 

15    41-year-old-case that's been kicking around 

16    involving two countries, two counties, several 

17    towns, and of course the Akwesasne, the St. Regis 

18    Mohawks.  This is bringing it together.  I was 

19    the last one to the table here two and a half 

20    years ago when I was elected and picked this up 

21    as part of my Senate district.  

22                 And I can tell you that it's been 

23    heavy on the minds particularly of my 

24    constituents and the leaders in Franklin County.  

25    Franklin County, Senator Skoufis, is the county 


                                                               7111

 1    that I was asking about the county leg.  They 

 2    have three-year county terms, which I thought was 

 3    bizarre.  I'd never heard of that before.  But it 

 4    is Franklin County, to tie the two bills 

 5    together.  

 6                 But again, I want to thank 

 7    Senator Kennedy for helping get this over the 

 8    finish line.  And again, I know that the people 

 9    involved are thrilled to see this four-decade 

10    chapter nearing an end and a fair settlement to 

11    all.  

12                 So I'll be in the affirmative.  

13    Thank you.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

15    Stec to be recorded in the affirmative.  

16                 Announce the results.  

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62. 

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    1859, Senate Print 7574, by Senator Addabbo, an 

22    act to amend the Education Law.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

24    is high and will be laid aside for the day.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 


                                                               7112

 1    1860, Assembly Bill Number 6544, by 

 2    Assemblymember Hevesi, an act to amend the 

 3    Family Court Act.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 5    last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

 7    act shall take effect on the 90th day after it 

 8    shall have become a law.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

15    Calendar Number 1860, voting in the negative:  

16    Senator Griffo.

17                 Ayes, 61.  Nays, 1.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    1861, Senate Print Number 7571, by 

22    Senator Scarcella-Spanton, an act in relation to 

23    authorizing the Silver Lake Foundation Inc. to 

24    receive retroactive real property tax exempt 

25    status.


                                                               7113

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 2    is high and will be laid aside for the day.

 3                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 4    reading of today's supplemental calendar.

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, I 

 6    believe there's a report of the Finance Committee 

 7    at the desk.  Can we take that up now and call on 

 8    Senator Krueger.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    Secretary will read.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger, 

12    from the Committee on Finance, reports the 

13    following nominations.  

14                 As Inspector General of the 

15    Metropolitan Transportation Authority, 

16    Daniel Cort.

17                 As members of the State Board of 

18    Parole:  Ana M. Enright, Erin McCabe, 

19    Donna Henken, Brandon P. Stradford.  

20                 As Commissioner of the Tax Appeals 

21    Tribunal, Kevin A. Cahill.

22                 As Commissioner of the Department of 

23    Health, James V. McDonald.

24                 As commissioners of the State Liquor 

25    Authority:  Lily M. Fan and Edgar De Leon.  


                                                               7114

 1                 As members of the Workers' 

 2    Compensation Board:  Gloribelle J. Perez and 

 3    Clarissa M. Rodriguez.

 4                 As Major General of the Air National 

 5    Guard, Robert G. Kilgore.

 6                 As Major General of the 

 7    National Guard, Joseph Biehler. 

 8                 As a member of the New York 

 9    Convention Center Operating Corporation, 

10    Richard N. Gottfried.  

11                 As members of the Roosevelt Island 

12    Operating Corporation:  Ben Fhala, Michal L. 

13    Melamed, and Lydia W. Tang.

14                 As a member of the Central New York 

15    Regional Transportation Authority, 

16    Tina Fitzgerald.  

17                 As members of the Metropolitan 

18    Transportation Authority:  John-Ross Rizzo and 

19    Neal J. Zuckerman.  

20                 As members of the Niagara Frontier 

21    Transportation Authority:  Mark E. Blue, 

22    Margo Dawn Downey, Adam W. Perry and 

23    Dennis Virtuouso. 

24                 As a commissioner of the 

25    Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, 


                                                               7115

 1    Winston C. Fisher.

 2                 As a member of the Rochester-Genesee 

 3    Regional Transportation Authority, Heather Bird.

 4                 As a member of the Correction 

 5    Medical Review Board, Zhongxue Hua.

 6                 As members of the Allegany State 

 7    Park, Recreation and Historic Preservation 

 8    Commission:  Hugh J. Dunne, Jr., and Sandra A. 

 9    Lewis. 

10                 As a member of the Finger Lakes 

11    State Park, Recreation and Historic Preservation 

12    Commission, Dia M. Carabajal.

13                 As a member of the Genesee State 

14    Park, Recreation and Historic Preservation 

15    Commission, Joel Frater.  

16                 As a member of the Niagara Frontier 

17    State Park, Recreation and Historic Preservation 

18    Commission, Jeffery Paterson.

19                 As a member of the Palisades 

20    Interstate Park Commission, Jennifer Cunningham.

21                 As members of the Taconic State 

22    Park, Recreation and Historic Preservation 

23    Commission:  Jared T. Rodriguez and Emily V. 

24    Saland.  

25                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 


                                                               7116

 1    of the Hudson Valley Developmental Disabilities 

 2    Services Office, Charles Scheinberg.  

 3                 As trustees of the Power Authority 

 4    of the State of New York:  Michael Cusick, 

 5    Cecily L. Morris, Lewis M. Warren, Jr., and 

 6    Laurie Wheelock.

 7                 As a member of the Dormitory 

 8    Authority, Robert J. Rodriguez.

 9                 As trustees of the Board of Trustees 

10    of the City University of New York:  Barbaralee 

11    Diamonstein-Speilvogel, Sandra Wilkin Frowley and 

12    William C. Thompson, Jr. 

13                 As members of the Board of Trustees 

14    of the New York State Higher Education Services 

15    Corporation:  David Harris, Becky Z. Maxson and 

16    Manuel Rivera.

17                 As a trustee of the Board of 

18    Trustees of the State University of New York, 

19    Cary F. Staller. 

20                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

21    of the Buffalo Psychiatric Center, Christina M. 

22    Smith. 

23                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

24    of the Greater Binghamton Health Center, 

25    Debra L. Lombardo.


                                                               7117

 1                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

 2    of the Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center, 

 3    Michael Atherley.

 4                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

 5    of the Sagamore Children's Psychiatric Center, 

 6    Alissa Barosin.

 7                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

 8    of the South Beach Psychiatric Center, 

 9    Zvi S. Spiler. 

10                 As a member of the New York State 

11    Gaming Commission, Sylvia B. Hamer.

12                 As a member of the New York State 

13    Thruway Authority, Norman H. Jones.

14                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

15    for the New York State Home for Veterans and 

16    Their Dependents at Batavia, Wallace J. Kornow.

17                 As a member of the Board of Visitors 

18    for the New York State Home for Veterans and 

19    Their Dependents at Montrose, Freemont Reif.

20                 As members of the Board of Visitors 

21    for the New York State Home for Veterans and 

22    Their Dependents at Oxford:  Randall Lambrecht, 

23    John E. Fuller and Louisa Mary Platt.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

25    Senator Krueger.


                                                               7118

 1                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you.  I was 

 2    waiting for the whole list to get read.

 3                 That list that you just heard was 

 4    the nominees that the Governor submitted to us.  

 5    They all went through both the committee of 

 6    relevant origin for the responsibilities, and 

 7    through the Finance Committee.  And they had the 

 8    votes to be brought to the floor.  

 9                 Given the fact that it's 2:20 in the 

10    morning, I am urging that we simply take them up 

11    as a group and vote on them as a group on the 

12    floor.  

13                 And if anyone here wants to go to 

14    the Journal Clerk afterwards and individually 

15    file their no vote on any individual member that 

16    was named on this extraordinarily long list, that 

17    is your right and that will be the historic 

18    record of your vote.  

19                 So now I'm going to hand it back to 

20    I guess Mike Gianaris for the vote.  Thank you.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

22    you, Senator Krueger.

23                 The question is on the nominations.  

24    All those in favor signify by saying aye.

25                 (Response of "Aye.")


                                                               7119

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 2    nay.

 3                 (Response of "Nay.")

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    nominees are confirmed.

 6                 The Secretary will read.

 7                 Excuse me.  Senator Gianaris.  

 8                 It is 2:20 in the morning.  

 9                 (Laughter.)

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

11    there are several privileged resolutions at the 

12    desk.  Can we please take those up at this time.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

16    1391, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

17    Senate Resolution 2861 of 2022 establishing a 

18    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

19    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-2023 

20    state fiscal year for grants in aid to certain 

21    agricultural organizations.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

23    question is on the resolution.  

24                 Call the roll.

25                 (The Secretary called the roll.)


                                                               7120

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Excuse 

 2    me.  All those in favor please signify by saying 

 3    aye.

 4                 (Response of "Aye.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 6    nay.

 7                 (Response of "Nay.")

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    resolution is adopted.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

11    1392, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

12    Senate Resolution 5911 of 2018 establishing a 

13    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

14    for a certain appropriation for the 2018-19 state 

15    fiscal year.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

18    favor signify by saying aye.

19                 (Response of "Aye.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

21    nay.

22                 (No response.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    resolution is adopted.  

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 


                                                               7121

 1    1393, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 2    Senate Resolution 2141 of 2019 establishing a 

 3    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

 4    for a certain appropriation for the 2019-20 state 

 5    fiscal year.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

 8    favor signify by saying aye.

 9                 (Response of "Aye.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

11    nay.  

12                 (Response of "Nay.")

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    resolution is adopted.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

16    1394, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

17    Senate Resolution 2860 of 2022 establishing a 

18    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

19    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-23 state 

20    fiscal year.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

22    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

23    favor signify by saying aye.

24                 (Response of "Aye.")

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed?  


                                                               7122

 1                 (Response of "Nay.")

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    resolution is adopted.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

 5    1395, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 6    Senate Resolution 2865 of 2022 establishing a 

 7    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

 8    for the New York State Economic Development 

 9    Assistance Program.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

12    favor signify by saying aye.  

13                 (Emphatic response of "Aye.")

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed?  

15                 (Emphatic response of "Nay.")

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    resolution is still adopted.  

18                 (Laughter.)

19                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

20    1396, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, establishing a 

21    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

22    for a certain appropriation for the 2023-2024 

23    state fiscal year.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

25    question is on the resolution.  All those in 


                                                               7123

 1    favor signify by saying aye.

 2                 (Response of "Aye.")

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 4    nay.

 5                 (Response of "Aye.")

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 7    resolution is adopted.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

 9    1397, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, establishing a 

10    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

11    for a certain appropriation for the 2023-24 state 

12    fiscal year.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

15    favor signify by saying aye.

16                 (Response of "Aye.")

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

18    nay.

19                 (Response of "Nay.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    resolution is adopted.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

23    1398, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

24    Senate Resolution 2866 of 2022 establishing a 

25    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 


                                                               7124

 1    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-2023 

 2    state fiscal year.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

 5    favor signify by saying aye.

 6                 (Response of "Aye.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 8    nay?  

 9                 (Response of "Nay.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    resolution is adopted.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

13    1399, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

14    Senate Resolution 2859 of 2022 establishing a 

15    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

16    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-2023 

17    state fiscal year.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

20    favor signify by saying aye.

21                 (Response of "Aye.")

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

23    nay.

24                 (Response of "Nay.")

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 


                                                               7125

 1    resolution is adopted.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

 3    1400, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 4    Senate Resolution 2867 of 2022 establishing a 

 5    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

 6    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-2023 

 7    state fiscal year.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 9    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

10    favor signify by saying aye.  

11                 (Response of "Aye.")

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Those 

13    opposed, nay.

14                 (Response of "Nay.")

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

16    resolution is adopted.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

18    1401, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, establishing a 

19    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

20    for a certain appropriation for the 2023-2024 

21    state fiscal year.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

23    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

24    favor signify by saying aye.  

25                 (Response of "Aye.")


                                                               7126

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 2    say nay.

 3                 (Response of "Nay.")

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    resolution is adopted.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

 7    1402, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 8    Senate Resolution 2868 of 2022 establishing a 

 9    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

10    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-23 state 

11    fiscal year.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    question is on the resolution.  Those in favor 

14    signify by saying aye.

15                 (Response of "Aye.")

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

17    nay.

18                 (Response of "Nay.")

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    resolution is adopted.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

22    1403, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

23    Senate Resolution 2863 of 2022 establishing a 

24    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

25    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-2023 


                                                               7127

 1    state fiscal year.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 3    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

 4    favor signify by saying aye.  

 5                 (Response of "Aye.")

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 7    nay.

 8                 (Response of "Nay.")

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    resolution is adopted.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

12    1404, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, establishing a 

13    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

14    for a certain appropriation for the 2023-24 state 

15    fiscal year.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

18    favor signify by saying aye.

19                 (Response of "Aye.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

21    nay.  

22                 (Response of "Nay.") 

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    resolution is adopted.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 


                                                               7128

 1    1405, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 2    Senate Resolution 2858 of 2022 establishing a 

 3    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

 4    for certain appropriations for the 2022-23 state 

 5    fiscal year.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   the 

 7    question is on the resolution.  Those in favor 

 8    signify by saying aye.

 9                 (Response of "Aye.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed?  

11                 (Response of "Nay.")

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    resolution is adopted.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

15    1406, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, establishing a 

16    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

17    for a certain appropriation for the 2023-24 state 

18    fiscal year.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

20    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

21    favor signify by saying aye.  

22                 (Response of "Aye.")

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

24    nay.  

25                 (Response of "Nay.")


                                                               7129

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 2    resolution is adopted.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

 4    1407, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 5    Senate Resolution 2869 of 2022 establishing a 

 6    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

 7    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-23 state 

 8    fiscal year.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

10    question is on the resolution.  Those in favor 

11    signify by saying aye.

12                 (Response of "Aye.")

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

14    nay.  

15                 (Response of "Nay.")

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    resolution is adopted.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

19    1408, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, establishing a 

20    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

21    for a certain appropriation for the 2023-24 state 

22    fiscal year.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

24    question is on the resolution.  All those in 

25    favor signify by saying aye.


                                                               7130

 1                 (Response of "Aye.")

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 3    nay.

 4                 (Response of "Nay.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 6    resolution is adopted.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

 8    1409, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

 9    Senate Resolution 6134 of 2014 establishing a 

10    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 

11    for certain appropriations in the 2014-2015 state 

12    fiscal year.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    question is on the resolution.  Those in favor 

15    signify by saying aye.  

16                 (Response of "Aye.")

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

18    nay.

19                 (Response of "Nay.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

21    resolution is adopted.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Senate Resolution 

23    1411, by Senator Stewart-Cousins, amending 

24    Senate Resolution 2864 of 2022 establishing a 

25    plan setting forth an itemized list of grantees 


                                                               7131

 1    for a certain appropriation for the 2022-23 

 2    fiscal year.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 4    question is on the resolution.  Those in favor 

 5    signify by saying aye.

 6                 (Response of "Aye.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Opposed, 

 8    nay.  

 9                 (Response of "Nay.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

11    resolution is adopted.

12                 Senator Gianaris.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

14    there were some bills on previous calendars that 

15    we just need to do some cleanup with.  So can we 

16    go back to Calendar 823, from the active list, 

17    and take that up, please.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

19    a substitution at the desk.  

20                 The Secretary will read.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Breslin 

22    moves to discharge, from the Committee on Rules, 

23    Assembly Bill Number 3463A and substitute it for 

24    the identical Senate Bill 6349A, Third Reading 

25    Calendar 823.


                                                               7132

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:  

 2    Substitution so ordered.

 3                 The Secretary will read.  

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 5    823, Assembly Bill Number 3463A, by 

 6    Assemblymember Santabarbara, an act to amend the 

 7    Executive Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

 9    last section.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  this 

11    act shall take effect immediately.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

16    the results.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 62.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Calendar 1225, 

21    please.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

23    a substitution at the desk.

24                 The Secretary will read.  

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Bailey 


                                                               7133

 1    moves to discharge, from the Committee on Rules, 

 2    Assembly Bill Number 4009A and substitute it for 

 3    the identical Senate Bill 5965A, Third Reading 

 4    Calendar 1225.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   

 6    Substitution so ordered.

 7                 The Secretary will read.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    1225, Assembly Bill Number 4009A, by 

10    Assemblymember Gibbs, an act to amend the 

11    Correction Law.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Read the 

13    last section.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

15    act shall take effect on the 180th day after it 

16    shall have become a law.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

18    roll.

19                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Announce 

21    the results.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

23    Calendar 1225, those Senators voting in the 

24    negative are Senators Ashby, Borrello, 

25    Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 


                                                               7134

 1    Lanza, Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

 2    O'Mara, Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, 

 3    Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

 4                 Ayes, 41.  Nays, 21.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 6    is passed.

 7                 Senator Gianaris.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

 9    the remaining bills will be laid aside for the 

10    day.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    remaining bills will be aside for the day.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I don't want 

14    anyone to get excited by what they're about to 

15    hear; we're not done.  

16                 But is there any further business at 

17    the desk?

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 

19    no further business at the desk.

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to adjourn 

21    until Saturday, June 10th, at 2:35.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Motion to 

23    adjourn until Saturday, June 10th, at 2:35 a.m.

24                 (Whereupon, the Senate adjourned at 

25    2:30 a.m.)