Regular Session - April 9, 2025

                                                                   1759

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                    April 9, 2025

11                     11:20 a.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR ROXANNE J. PERSAUD, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               1760

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    Senate will come to order.  

 4                 I ask everyone to please rise and 

 5    recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Chaplain 

 9    Colonel Davis A. Bowlus, of the United States 

10    Corps of Cadets, will deliver's today's 

11    invocation.

12                 Chaplain?

13                 CHAPLAIN COLONEL BOWLUS:   Good 

14    morning.  I invite you to pray with me.  

15                 Almighty God, we gather before You 

16    today, at the opening of this historic day, with 

17    thankful hearts, seeking Your wisdom, guidance 

18    and care upon the leaders assembled here.  

19                 We give You thanks for the great 

20    State of New York, the historic fountainhead of 

21    America's legacy of democracy, of inspired 

22    leadership, patriotism and sacrificial love for 

23    our fellow man.  

24                 Lord, we also thank You for the 

25    support this Legislature provides to West Point, 


                                                               1761

 1    nurturing the development of leaders of character 

 2    who will faithfully serve our nation in the 

 3    U.S. Army.  

 4                 And so on this day, grant each 

 5    leader here the wisdom to discern clearly, the 

 6    compassion to serve justly, and the courage to 

 7    act decisively.

 8                 All of this I ask in the name of the 

 9    great Friend and Master of all.  Amen.

10                 (Response of "Amen.")

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Reading 

12    of the Journal.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, Tuesday, 

14    April 8, 2025, the Senate met pursuant to 

15    adjournment.  The Journal of Monday, April 7, 

16    2025, was read and approved.  On motion, the 

17    Senate adjourned.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Without 

19    objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

20                 Presentation of petitions.

21                 Messages from the Assembly.

22                 Messages from the -- 

23                 Messages from the Assembly.

24                 The Secretary will read.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger 


                                                               1762

 1    moves to discharge, from the Committee on Health, 

 2    Assembly Bill Number 565 and substitute it for 

 3    the identical Senate Bill 3437, Third Reading 

 4    Calendar 494.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   So 

 6    ordered.

 7                 Messages from the Governor.

 8                 Reports of standing committees.

 9                 Reports of select committees.

10                 Communications and reports from 

11    state officers.

12                 Motions and resolutions.

13                 Senator Gianaris.

14                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Good morning, 

15    Madam President.  

16                 On behalf of Senator Kavanagh, on 

17    page 18 I offer the following amendments to 

18    Calendar 344, Senate Print 952A, and ask that 

19    said bill retain its place on the Third Reading  

20    Calendar.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

23    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

24                 Senator Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 


                                                               1763

 1    previously adopted Resolution 503, by 

 2    Senator Skoufis, read that resolution's title and 

 3    recognize Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    Secretary will read.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 503, by 

 7    Senator Skoufis, memorializing Governor 

 8    Kathy Hochul to proclaim April 9, 2025, as 

 9    West Point Day in New York State.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Leader 

11    Stewart-Cousins on the resolution.

12                 SENATOR STEWART-COUSINS:   Thank you 

13    so much, Madam President.  

14                 And I want to thank you, 

15    Colonel Bowlus, for your beautiful invocation.  

16    Thank you so much for blessing our chamber.

17                 Today I have the honor to once again 

18    commemorate West Point Day and to celebrate the 

19    United States Military Academy, a historic and 

20    vital institution that I'm proud to have in our 

21    state.  

22                 This year marks the 73rd Annual 

23    West Point Day.  So for over 70 years, the Senate 

24    has gathered to recognize the excellence of each 

25    year's cadets.  


                                                               1764

 1                 So welcome and congratulations, and 

 2    thank you for being here.  It is their unwavering 

 3    devotion to tradition and service that is a 

 4    testimony to your outstanding character.

 5                 I also want to thank Colonel Khanh 

 6    Diep -- thank you so much for being here -- and 

 7    of course the rest of the West Point leadership 

 8    team, under whose steady guidance generations of 

 9    cadets have learned how to lead and live well.  

10                 I'd now like to take a moment to 

11    reflect on the history and legacy of the 

12    United States Military Academy.  

13                 For over two centuries, West Point 

14    and its graduates have contributed greatly to the 

15    defense and development of the United States.  

16    The United States Military Academy, the nation's 

17    first military academy, was established in 1802 

18    by President Thomas Jefferson.  

19                 However, even before then, the 

20    West Point region had played a crucial military 

21    role during the Revolutionary War.  President 

22    George Washington chose this area as the site of 

23    a strategically valuable fortress, and in 1779 he 

24    maintained his headquarters there.

25                 Under the leadership of 


                                                               1765

 1    General Sylvanus Thayer, father of the military 

 2    academy, West Point became the first school of 

 3    engineering in the United States.  This school's 

 4    earliest graduates constructed much of the 

 5    country's infrastructure in the 19th century, 

 6    including the Washington Monument.

 7                 Many distinguished figures, each of 

 8    whom have valiantly served our nation in war and 

 9    peace, number among the over 80,000 graduates of 

10    West Point -- Presidents Ulysses S. Grant, 

11    Dwight D.  Eisenhower, Generals William T. 

12    Sherman, John J. Pershing, Douglas MacArthur and 

13    Omar Bradley, and Andrea Hollen, who belonged to 

14    the first class that included women cadets, which 

15    again makes me so happy to see Colonel Diep.  A 

16    great tradition, thank you.

17                 When I look at the cadets with us 

18    today, I see the same spirit of devotion, honor, 

19    leadership by which all West Point graduates have 

20    lived, now live, and will live.

21                 You are the heirs to a tradition of 

22    excellence and service, and I commend you for all 

23    of your bravery in answering our nation's highest 

24    call.  The brilliant example each of you has set 

25    will surely inspire others -- if not to 


                                                               1766

 1    contribute to West Point's tradition, then to 

 2    serve in some other way.

 3                 I'm reminded of my own sources of 

 4    inspiration whose valor and altruism have 

 5    profoundly shaped my life.  My dad was a 

 6    decorated World War II veteran, my brother a 

 7    veteran of the Vietnam War.  Their service 

 8    impressed on me the need to fight for the greater 

 9    good, the good of all, no matter how difficult or 

10    daunting.

11                 That same valorous altruism is 

12    present in you as cadets.  You've pledged to 

13    defend our nation and its citizens.  You've 

14    courageously placed the good of the many above 

15    your own.  I wish each of you the continued 

16    strength and will to see through this great, 

17    laudable undertaking, and I offer you this 

18    chamber's support.

19                 Though my father and my brother 

20    served in the military, it's always difficult for 

21    me and all of us who've not served to really 

22    grasp the depth of your passionate and selfless 

23    commitment.  However, I want you to know that the 

24    commitment each of you has made to keep America 

25    safe and to uphold our shared values will always 


                                                               1767

 1    be valued and admired by us.  

 2                 We will not forget you or what you 

 3    have done.  New York and the United States will 

 4    forever be in your debt.  And though we cannot 

 5    repay that debt, we will always honor you and 

 6    your service.  We are grateful for everything you 

 7    do.  

 8                 I pledge to you now that the Senate 

 9    will not neglect either your commitment or your 

10    service, and we will continue to advocate on your 

11    behalf.  And we will always strive to back these 

12    appreciative words with action.  

13                 I thank you again for what you are 

14    contributing every day to our safety, to our 

15    democracy, to the present and to the future, and 

16    wish you God speed.  

17                 Thank you so much, Madam President.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

19    you, Leader.

20                 Senator Skoufis on the resolution.

21                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Thank you very 

22    much, Madam President.  

23                 I first want to express my gratitude 

24    to the Majority Leader for always very warmly 

25    welcoming and hosting our cadets and our officers 


                                                               1768

 1    and our staff on this day each year.  It's really 

 2    a wonderful tradition, and we're so thankful to 

 3    have all of you with us today.

 4                 So on the resolution, 

 5    Madam President, it's my great honor and 

 6    privilege to rise today as the Senator from the 

 7    42nd Senate District, home to the United States 

 8    Military Academy at West Point, on this 

 9    73rd Annual West Point Day.

10                 It's a cherished tradition here in 

11    the halls of the Capitol and a morning of great 

12    pride for both Senators present, my current 

13    colleagues, as well as Senators past, including 

14    my predecessor, Colonel Bill Larkin, who really 

15    cherished and enjoyed this day each year.

16                 High places with a broad vantage 

17    point have always made strategic sense.  This was 

18    likely in George Washington's mind when he chose 

19    the location of the fort that would become 

20    West Point.  The views from the academy are 

21    sweeping, taking in the Hudson River for miles in 

22    both directions.  Effective, too, because in 

23    spite of concerted efforts during the 

24    Revolutionary War, West Point was never captured 

25    and is today the oldest continuously occupied 


                                                               1769

 1    regular Army post in the United States.

 2                 British forces were well-trained and 

 3    well-armed, and it took the vision offered by the 

 4    garrison's location to hold off that invasion.  

 5    This vision, the ability to see for miles ahead, 

 6    continues to shape West Point to this day.

 7                 Prior to its establishment, as the 

 8    Majority Leader mentioned, the U.S. Army employed 

 9    European engineers and, propelled by the vision 

10    of American-trained engineers, West Point was 

11    established by Congress in 1802 with the stated 

12    aim to do just that.

13                 The success of the academy's 

14    education was highlighted during the War of 1812 

15    when the British failed to capture even a single 

16    work constructed by a graduate of West Point.

17                 The vision exercised by those at 

18    West Point -- seeing not just what was before 

19    them, but for miles ahead as well -- kept the 

20    garrison safe from enemy forces, gave West Point 

21    graduates the skills they needed to meaningfully 

22    contribute to American victories, and keeps the 

23    academy one of the most respected institutions in 

24    the United States and the world.

25                 We need leaders who will make 


                                                               1770

 1    difficult choices, who will grow and evolve, 

 2    ready not just to meet this moment but every 

 3    moment that comes after.  The cadets that 

 4    stand -- or sit -- before us here today are those 

 5    leaders, and my colleagues and I are honored that 

 6    you've joined us today.  

 7                 We are humbled by your dedication to 

 8    our country's ideals and your willingness to 

 9    serve, defending, protecting and uplifting the 

10    principles of our true democracy.

11                 Thank you for coming today.  Thank 

12    you for the opportunity to speak on the 

13    resolution.  And last but not least, 

14    Madam President:  Go Army, beat Navy!  

15                 Thank you.  

16                 (Laughter.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

18    you, Senator.

19                 Minority Leader Ortt on the 

20    resolution.

21                 SENATOR ORTT:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 I too want to extend my gratitude to 

24    all of my colleagues, to the Majority Leader, 

25    Andrea Stewart-Cousins, to Senator Skoufis, as 


                                                               1771

 1    well as all of our colleagues who continue to 

 2    make this day a day in this chamber -- 73 years, 

 3    it is a great tradition.

 4                 Not just as New York State Senators 

 5    but I think as New Yorkers, very proud to be a 

 6    state that hosts the United States Military 

 7    Academy.  I'm sure Senator Skoufis, very proud to 

 8    be the Senator that represents the United States 

 9    Military Academy and all the history.  You've 

10    heard the history from my colleague Senator 

11    Stewart-Cousins.  It is a storied history.  

12                 It is fitting we're here today on 

13    April 9th, because it was on this day that one 

14    West Point graduate, Robert E. Lee, surrendered 

15    to another West Point graduate, Ulysses S. Grant, 

16    bringing to a conclusion maybe the worst of 

17    calamities, a civil war.  And I think that's a 

18    reminder of the pivotal role that graduates from 

19    the United States Military Academy have played 

20    and continue to play in this country's story, in 

21    the story of our nation and of our republic.

22                 It is a place where you don't just 

23    get an education.  There's a lot of places you 

24    can get a top-flight education.  Maybe not as 

25    many today as there was, but there's certainly a 


                                                               1772

 1    lot of places you can go.  But you're being 

 2    trained to be leaders, to be the future leaders 

 3    of the United States military, the future leaders 

 4    of the United States Army, future public 

 5    servants, future leaders in business.  You are 

 6    being trained to be leaders for this country at a 

 7    time when this country needs leaders.

 8                 Now, maybe it's always been that 

 9    way, but I think the need and the dearth of 

10    leaders is more apparent than ever.  And you're 

11    going to be asked to be those leaders for this 

12    country for this next generation, and it might 

13    come upon you faster than you think.  So pay 

14    attention.  Listen to your leaders.  

15                 Listen to your leadership at 

16    West Point.  I want to thank them for their 

17    continued service to this country, for their 

18    continued service to one of our finest 

19    institutions, and for being here today, for also 

20    taking part in this.  We can't do it, obviously.  

21    West Point Day wouldn't be the same without the 

22    West Point cadets and the West Point leadership 

23    here.  So I want to thank them for their 

24    continued support of this day.

25                 And again, I want to thank you for 


                                                               1773

 1    your commitment to serve America and to place all 

 2    of your hopes and dreams and aspirations -- I 

 3    think there's something always unique for an 

 4    18-year-old or a 19-year-old who has everything 

 5    in front of them, to place that on the altar of 

 6    liberty and to say, I'm willing to maybe 

 7    sacrifice all of that because I believe so 

 8    strongly in the promise of this country -- the 

 9    promise of the country is greater than maybe the 

10    promise of my own life.  

11                 That is a very -- we can talk about 

12    it, but fewer people do it.  And yet you've all 

13    done that by going to West Point.  Yes, you're 

14    going to get a top-flight education.  Yes, you're 

15    going to have the distinction of saying, I'm a 

16    graduate of West Point, of the United States 

17    Military Academy.  But there's a commitment that 

18    comes along with that, and you're willing to 

19    honor that commitment and put a lot on the line, 

20    including maybe your life, for this great country 

21    of ours.

22                 And so for that I thank you.  

23    Certainly as an Army veteran, I thank you.  I 

24    never went to West Point.  If you saw my 

25    transcripts, you'd know why.  


                                                               1774

 1                 (Laughter.)

 2                 SENATOR ORTT:   But I served, I had 

 3    many drills at Camp Smith, which is right next 

 4    door there to West Point.  I've been at 

 5    West Point.  I've done some combat swimming 

 6    training in the pool at West Point, which was 

 7    fun.  For anyone who hasn't done that, I 

 8    encourage you, go over and check it out.  It's a 

 9    great experience.  

10                 But certainly I'll leave you with 

11    this, more on a lighter note.  So there's -- my 

12    colleagues here, I have a colleague here who 

13    is -- Senator Stec, who's a Navy veteran.  And we 

14    have a bet every year for the Army-Navy game.  

15    Last year I didn't do so well.  Right?  So this 

16    year, if you can talk to the football team -- 

17                 (Laughter.)

18                 SENATOR ORTT:   -- please, it's 

19    really important to me that we get a win this 

20    coming year because I have to display the 

21    Midshipmen flag in our conference room when we 

22    don't win.  I get to display the Black Knights 

23    flag when we do win, for a whole year.

24                 So I would encourage you, whatever 

25    you can do to motivate those -- the football team 


                                                               1775

 1    for next year, if they need any further 

 2    motivation.  

 3                 But it is a great honor for me to 

 4    rise and speak on this resolution.  And I wish 

 5    you all the best.  Godspeed.  Go Army, beat Navy!

 6                 Thank you, Madam President.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 8    you, Senator.

 9                 It is now my honor to introduce 

10    Colonel Khanh Diep, chief of staff of the 

11    United States Military Academy.  

12                 Colonel?  

13                 (Standing ovation.)

14                 COLONEL DIEP:   Ladies and 

15    gentlemen, good morning.  

16                 Majority Leader Stewart-Cousins, 

17    Minority Leader Ortt -- sir, we will take on that 

18    challenge to "Go Army, beat Navy" there -- and 

19    members of this distinguished chamber.  

20                 On behalf of the 61st 

21    Superintendent, Lieutenant General Steve Gilland, 

22    we are so grateful for being here.  Again, it's 

23    the 73rd year of West Point Day.  We wouldn't do 

24    it without your support and for you hosting us. 

25                 Leader Stewart-Cousins, thank you 


                                                               1776

 1    for the opportunity to address this chamber.  

 2                 Senator Skoufis, sir, thank you for 

 3    hosting us today.  

 4                 And Senator Jessica 

 5    Scarcella-Spanton, thank you for your committee, 

 6    for all you do for our veterans and service 

 7    members in this great state.  

 8                 Joining me today is our 

 9    First Captain, Cadet Caroline Robinson.  She is 

10    the only one not from New York, so please be 

11    fair.  And then along with her is -- rightly so, 

12    thank you.  

13                 (Applause.)

14                 COLONEL DIEP:   She actually -- she 

15    leads over 4400 cadets.  She is the -- that's why 

16    she's called the Cadet First Captain.  

17                 And with her is the Brigade 

18    Executive Officer, Shepherd Dzina, from New York 

19    City.  How about that?  There you go.  

20                 (Applause.)

21                 COLONEL DIEP:   I'm not sure if you 

22    got the opportunity to read his bio, but he is a 

23    Rhodes Scholar, he's heading off to Oxford this 

24    May for graduation, and he's in international 

25    politics, right, Shepherd, you mentioned to me 


                                                               1777

 1    earlier.

 2                 So please -- and then along with the 

 3    team here we have 12 other cadets from throughout 

 4    the State of New York, representing nearly 

 5    300 cadets from this Empire State.  So please, 

 6    again, give them a warm round of applause.

 7                 (Applause.)

 8                 COLONEL DIEP:   As mentioned, this 

 9    year the United States Army celebrates its 

10    250th birthday -- older than our nation itself.  

11    America's Army has a rich history, a legacy of 

12    service, sacrifice and dedication, defending our 

13    nation and its values at home and around the 

14    globe.  Throughout the past 250 years, the 

15    Empire State has been an important part of that 

16    rich history, from its humble beginnings in May 

17    of 1775 with the establishment of a handful of 

18    infantry regiments.  But the New York Line, 

19    right, which would distinguish itself in battle 

20    through our War of Independence and become one of 

21    the most respected fighting forces in the 

22    Continental Army.  

23                 That legacy also includes a point of 

24    land at the west bank of the Hudson just south of 

25    Newburgh, where George Washington would call the 


                                                               1778

 1    key to the continent -- a critical strategic 

 2    outpost in the defense of this fledgling nation.  

 3                 Today, as America's oldest 

 4    continuously occupied military post, West Point 

 5    plays an important strategic role in the 

 6    United States Army and our nation, home to the 

 7    United States Military Academy, charged with 

 8    developing leaders of character ready to defend 

 9    the Army and the nation for its mission to win 

10    and fight our nation's wars.

11                 As we celebrate the establishment of 

12    America's Army, we also celebrate those who have 

13    proudly served, whether on active duty or 

14    citizen-soldiers of the Army Reserve and 

15    National Guard, whose leadership, dedication to 

16    duty, and contributions in peacetime and war have 

17    shaped our nation's history and the Army's legacy 

18    of excellence.

19                 Among them are of course countless 

20    proud New Yorkers, including a young clerk from 

21    right here in Albany named John Brennan, who 

22    volunteered to serve as part of General 

23    Pershing's American expeditionary force during 

24    World War I.  Brennan served in combat in France 

25    and Belgium as a saddler in the 27th Infantry 


                                                               1779

 1    Division, enduring endless mud and rain and 

 2    shellings and mustard gas attacks.  

 3                 After the war, he would write about 

 4    his experiences, beginning his memoir with these 

 5    words:  "This is not the diary of a hero, but one 

 6    of the many men who enlisted in the Army to serve 

 7    his country, to carry out whatever job he was 

 8    assigned to do."  He went on to conclude in his 

 9    memoir with this:  "I'm glad I did enlist.  We 

10    did it to protect our country.  It was our duty."

11                 This is the legacy of America's 

12    Army.  More than the campaigns and battles fought 

13    and won, it is the men and women who put on the 

14    cloth of our nation and proudly bore the title of 

15    American soldier -- all unified by a shared love 

16    of country and a dedication to duty and service 

17    that John Brennan wrote about more than a century 

18    ago.  

19                 That love of country and dedication 

20    to duty is shared by every son and daughter of 

21    the Empire State, and indeed every American who 

22    has served in defense of our nation.  It is 

23    shared by all those who made the ultimate 

24    sacrifice.  It is shared by all those serving 

25    today at home and around the globe.  And it is 


                                                               1780

 1    shared by those who are preparing to assume the 

 2    mantle of service and leadership like these 

 3    outstanding young men and women with us here 

 4    today, preparing to continue the Army's legacy of 

 5    excellence and make their own mark on the Army's 

 6    story, unified by the values and ideals of duty, 

 7    honor, country.

 8                 This would not be possible without 

 9    the tremendous support of our state leaders here 

10    in Albany as well as from our neighbors 

11    throughout New York, Orange County, and the 

12    Hudson Valley region.  I would like to recognize 

13    the members of this chamber for your enduring 

14    dedication to the people of this state and to the 

15    principles of democracy.  Your work shapes the 

16    future of generations to come, and it is a future 

17    that we at West Point proudly stand ready to 

18    support.

19                 As we look to the future, I ask for 

20    your continued support of the United States 

21    Military Academy and our cadets.  The academy is 

22    not only a national asset, but it is also a 

23    symbol of the strength of New York:  New York 

24    State's commitment to producing leaders of 

25    character who will guide our nation in times of 


                                                               1781

 1    peace and war.  Your support, whether through 

 2    infrastructure, funding or recognition, has a 

 3    profound impact on the education and the 

 4    development of our future leaders.  

 5                 Again, we are so honored to be here, 

 6    and we're proud to be part of New York's legacy 

 7    of service.  We appreciate your continued help 

 8    and support in inspiring a renewed call to 

 9    service in our young citizens, to help them see 

10    the Army and West Point as unique pathways to 

11    service.

12                 On behalf of the United States 

13    Military Academy, thank you for your time, your 

14    support, and the honor of being here today.

15                 Go Army!

16                 (Standing ovation.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

18    you, Colonel.

19                 Senator Scarcella-Spanton on the 

20    resolution.

21                 SENATOR SCARCELLA-SPANTON:   Thank 

22    you, Madam President.  

23                 And thank you so much for that 

24    amazing speech.  

25                 It is one of my favorite days of the 


                                                               1782

 1    year, especially as chair of Veterans, Homeland 

 2    Security and Military Affairs.  I'm proud to join 

 3    my colleagues in honoring West Point Day right 

 4    here on the Senate floor.  Thank you so much, 

 5    Senator Skoufis, for hosting us every year.

 6                 West Point is an historic 

 7    institution here in New York, having produced 

 8    generations of military officers who have served 

 9    our country with valor.  For more than 200 years 

10    it has remained one of the top training grounds 

11    for military leaders across the world.  But 

12    West Point is more than just a military school.  

13    It teaches its cadets the value of duty, honor 

14    and country.  

15                 And thank you so much to all of the 

16    cadets who are here today.  You make us so 

17    incredibly proud.

18                 These cadets continue to inspire me.  

19    Individuals like Cadet Olivia Raykhman, from my 

20    district, who was driven to pursue a path of 

21    service after her family's experience.  And I 

22    want to read a text I got from Olivia today.  I 

23    had the pleasure of meeting her last year, so I 

24    wanted to check in and say hello and just, you 

25    know, let her know today is West Point Day.  


                                                               1783

 1                 And she said:  "A quick update on my 

 2    next steps.  I'm graduating on May 24th and 

 3    headed to Stanford for my master's in journalism 

 4    as a Knight-Hennessy Scholar.  Then I'm heading 

 5    to Destin, Florida, to the Eglin Air Force Base, 

 6    to be an information operations officer at the 

 7    1st Special Operations Wing."  

 8                 So, West Point, you have produced 

 9    tremendous individuals.  And I am proud to 

10    represent Olivia and her family.  And it's just 

11    so nice to see where everyone is going.  It was 

12    great to chat with all of you earlier, too, to 

13    hear what your next steps are.  

14                 Olivia was here for West Point last 

15    year, and her fellow cadets represent the 

16    brightest in our country.  And today we recognize 

17    not only the accomplishments of this respected 

18    institution, but also the sacrifices made by 

19    every cadet who chooses to serve our nation 

20    through their education and training.

21                 I'm proud to honor West Point Day 

22    alongside its current cadets, the graduates 

23    currently serving our country, and the countless 

24    veterans who came through its ranks.  Thank you 

25    for choosing a path of service and leadership, 


                                                               1784

 1    and Happy West Point Day.  

 2                 I proudly vote aye.  Thank you.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 4    you, Senator.

 5                 Senator Skoufis to speak about his 

 6    cadet.

 7                 SENATOR SKOUFIS:   Thank you very 

 8    much, Madam President.  

 9                 And thanks for affording some of our 

10    colleagues as well some time to introduce their 

11    constituent cadets who are here.  

12                 Before I get to the introduction, I 

13    just want to acknowledge some of the officers and 

14    staff who have joined us who take time out of 

15    their very busy schedule to be up here on West 

16    Point Day.  

17                 Certainly first and foremost we 

18    heard from Colonel Khanh Diep, chief of staff.  

19    Thank you for your words, which were 

20    inspirational, and certainly for your service 

21    back home as well.

22                 She is joined by Major Kelechi 

23    Odocha, who is the G3 operations officer and 

24    instructor; Major Michael Oakes, tactical officer 

25    for the Corps of Cadets.  We heard earlier from 


                                                               1785

 1    Colonel David Bowlus, the chaplain:  Thank you 

 2    for your invocation, your words earlier today.  

 3                 Support personnel include 

 4    Mr. Matthew Hintz, from the Public Affairs and 

 5    Community Engagement Office; Mr. Eric Bartelt, 

 6    photographer from Public Affairs; Mr. David 

 7    Nagel, deputy of the Commander's Action Group; 

 8    and Ms. Alison Schwartz, G3 operations 

 9    specialist.

10                 I also want to give particular 

11    thanks on the Senate side to, in addition to the 

12    Majority Leader, of course, Senator 

13    Scarcella-Spanton, who we just heard from and 

14    does an incredible job serving on the Veterans 

15    Affairs, Homeland Security and Military Affairs 

16    Committee as chair.  

17                 Shelley Andrews and the floor team; 

18    Jordan Jones and the Senate services team -- 

19    Shane Jones and the Senate events team; 

20    Ale Paulino, Secretary of the Senate.  And from 

21    my team, or my entire office, but in particular 

22    Will Alexander and Michael Dulaney.  

23                 A lot goes into this day and putting 

24    all these events and activities together, and so 

25    thanks to everyone on the Senate team that did 


                                                               1786

 1    that.

 2                 Now, I have two introductions.  

 3    First, we heard a little bit about him before, 

 4    but Shepherd Dzina.  I'm going to take a little 

 5    bit of pride of ownership here.  Yes, he was born 

 6    and raised and spent most of his life in New York 

 7    City, but more recently he is an Orange County 

 8    resident, let's all be clear, and I'm proud to 

 9    have him as a constituent currently residing in 

10    Tuxedo.  

11                 We heard really impressive 

12    background and certainly years ahead as a Rhodes 

13    Scholar going to Oxford to study economics and 

14    international relations.  He plans to be posted, 

15    after that, in Hawaii, following graduate school, 

16    and is in the infantry branch studying, as his 

17    major, economics at West Point.  

18                 Thank you for being here.  Thank you 

19    for your leadership among the cadets as well.  So 

20    please stand.

21                 And then with him I want to 

22    introduce Caroline Robinson, who was also 

23    mentioned a little bit earlier.  She is a little 

24    bit of an orphan in terms of introductions as the 

25    non-New Yorker here among the cadets, so I'm 


                                                               1787

 1    going to take the liberty to introduce and 

 2    acknowledge her as well.  

 3                 She hails from Mountain Brook, 

 4    Alabama, daughter of a single mom who has 

 5    overcome a lot of adversity to get to West Point 

 6    and be here.  Is looking forward to getting 

 7    posted also to Hawaii, and then at some point 

 8    after her Army career looks forward to actually 

 9    coming back to West Point as a history instructor 

10    as well.

11                 Thank you both for being here.  And 

12    Madam President, after the introductions, if you 

13    can afford them all the liberties of the floor.

14                 Thank you.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

16    you, Senator.

17                 Senator Harckham for his 

18    introduction.

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Thank you very 

20    much, Madam President.  

21                 I am proud to introduce Aiden Meza, 

22    from the neighboring town of Somers.  Aiden, if 

23    you could stand and join us.  

24                 He is a geospatial information 

25    science major.  And I say that because when we 


                                                               1788

 1    spoke earlier, nothing like that existed when I 

 2    went to college, so that was news to me.

 3                 Wants to be in the infantry, 

 4    participates in mock trial and Frisbee, and this 

 5    summer will be attending air assault training.  

 6                 So we thank you for being here with 

 7    us.  We thank you for your commitment to the 

 8    academy.  

 9                 And I'll just say very briefly to 

10    all of you, I grew up in the footsteps of 

11    West Point as a Rockland County resident.  We're 

12    there frequently for the Parade of Cadets, we go 

13    to the museum.  And we had season tickets to 

14    Army Football.  And although you fell short 

15    against Navy this year, you're enjoying relative 

16    success right now.  Back in the -- dare I say the 

17    '60s, the '70s and the '80s, Army Football was 

18    horrible.  And we sat through many a cold 

19    afternoon at Michie Stadium watching some really 

20    bad football.  So please, enjoy what you have 

21    right now.  

22                 But the other reason why West Point 

23    was special to us, my father served in the 

24    infantry in World War II in France and Germany, 

25    and he said that there was something special 


                                                               1789

 1    about the officers who were trained at 

 2    West Point.  And I say that to you because you 

 3    will be recognized as special.  And I mention 

 4    that not out of arrogance, but hopefully out of 

 5    humility, because with being recognized as 

 6    special comes a unique responsibility to those 

 7    who serve under you.  

 8                 And we are all so proud of you.  We 

 9    thank you for your commitment to service.  As was 

10    referenced earlier today, we need more people of 

11    your generation in public service.  You have all 

12    stepped up to the challenge.  

13                 Thank you, and God bless you.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

15    you, Senator.

16                 Senator Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick for 

17    her introduction.

18                 SENATOR CANZONERI-FITZPATRICK:   

19    Thank you, Madam President.  

20                 I too want to express my thanks to 

21    the Majority Leader for continuing this 

22    time-honored tradition.  As the granddaughter of 

23    a World War I vet who served in the Army, I'm 

24    always proud to recognize Army.  Thank you, 

25    Colonel, thank you, Major, for being here and 


                                                               1790

 1    taking the time and for your input.

 2                 I'd like to give a quick shout out 

 3    to one of my constituents, Johnny Devino, a 

 4    member of your Men's Lacrosse Team who is 

 5    graduating this year.  

 6                 But I'd like to introduce 

 7    Shafay Ahmed, from Floral Park.  Shafay, you are 

 8    the American dream, having emigrated to the 

 9    United States when you were just six years old.  

10                 He graduated from Floral Park 

11    Memorial High School, and upon graduation 

12    enlisted for four years as a CBRN specialist -- 

13    not the traditional path to get to West Point.  

14    He was even deployed overseas prior to attending 

15    the academy.

16                 He's now studying engineering 

17    management.  And also I'm happy to say that you 

18    attended my alma mater, St. John's, prior to 

19    enlisting and prior to joining the academy.  

20                 You're a role model for all youth 

21    and certainly a shining star of the 9th Senate 

22    District.  I proudly congratulate you on being 

23    here, wish you well in your time at the academy, 

24    and wish you all the best.  And know that we're 

25    all rooting for your success.


                                                               1791

 1                 Thank you, Madam President.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 3    you, Senator.

 4                 Senator Weber for his introduction.

 5                 SENATOR WEBER:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 I want to also thank the Majority 

 8    Leader, Andrea Stewart-Cousins, and 

 9    Senator Skoufis, for both making this day happen, 

10    a very important day.  

11                 Welcome to the leadership of 

12    West Point for being here.  This is, as it was 

13    said earlier, one of our favorite days as 

14    Senators, so we're so happy to have you here as 

15    well.

16                 So Rockland County, Senate District 

17    38, is lucky to have two cadets here today.  

18                 First I want to introduce 

19    Christina Vozzo.  Christina is from Clarkstown, 

20    Valley Cottage.  She is a kinesiology major.  She 

21    is heading off to the First Brigade of 

22    Fort Cavazos, I think, Texas.  She would like to 

23    eventually attend law school -- and we have a lot 

24    of lawyers in here, so we might want to connect 

25    you with the lawyers here as well -- upon 


                                                               1792

 1    retirement from the Army, and wants to obviously 

 2    transition into hospital administration and run a 

 3    hospital.  

 4                 We're happy and thrilled to have you 

 5    here today as well.

 6                 We also have Cadet Steven Trombetta.  

 7    Steven, please rise.  Steven Trombetta is a 

 8    fellow Suffern Mountie, like my kids, someone who 

 9    probably was in school with my oldest daughter, 

10    Rachel.  

11                 You know, when you see movies you 

12    see officers and they're older.  Right?  But, you 

13    know, I like to say two things can be true at 

14    once.  We are all getting old in this chamber, 

15    and the cadets look a lot younger every year, 

16    don't they?  

17                 (Laughter.)

18                 SENATOR WEBER:   But it's something 

19    that I think is a reminder to our leaders in 

20    Washington now and in the future that when we 

21    send people to war, it's these younger kids that 

22    are going to war fighting for us.  

23                 So we're happy to have you here 

24    today, Steven, as well.  

25                 A little bit about Steven.  Steven 


                                                               1793

 1    will commission as an adjutant general officer.  

 2    He will post in Fort George Meade, Maryland, and 

 3    will be working in Intelligence and Security 

 4    Commander Battalion.  

 5                 Welcome, Cadet.  Good luck to you.  

 6    Godspeed.  Be safe.  

 7                 And I proudly vote aye on this 

 8    resolution.  Thank you.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

10    you, Senator.

11                 Senator Weik for her introduction.

12                 SENATOR WEIK:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 I'm so proud that I get to recognize 

15    two cadets from my district:  Matthew Stueber.  

16    Matthew is from West Islip, and he's a mechanical 

17    engineering student.  I'm so proud that he's here 

18    again this year.  

19                 We have also Navroop Singh, from 

20    Massapequa.  These two gentlemen truly make us 

21    proud with their service to our country.  

22                 I'd like to make sure that we thank 

23    West Point leadership for being here today.  And 

24    I want to thank you all for your service to our 

25    great nation.  May God bless you and guide you.


                                                               1794

 1                 Thank you.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 3    you, Senator.

 4                 Senator Tedisco for his 

 5    introduction.

 6                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  

 8                 Madam President and my colleagues, 

 9    I'm often fond of saying to anyone in earshot:  

10    All good things emanate from the 44th Senatorial 

11    District.  And I just happen to be the Senator 

12    from the 44th Senatorial District.  

13                 And with us today is the best 

14    example I can think of, of an outstanding 

15    individual who is emanating from that 

16    44th Senatorial District.  It's my West Point 

17    honoree, Eve Crossett, if she would stand up.  

18                 Eve hails from Saratoga Springs.  

19    She is a Nordic skier from a big Army family and 

20    living out her dream attending the U.S. Military 

21    Academy.  Eve is majoring in management, and her 

22    intended branch is field artillery.  Following 

23    graduation, she will post to Fort Cavazos, in 

24    Texas.  

25                 In her free time she enjoys a nice 


                                                               1795

 1    cup of iced coffee.  Now, don't we all, Eve?  

 2    It's the best.  But also she loves attending 

 3    country music concerts and spending time with 

 4    family and friends.  

 5                 Her commitment to the academy will 

 6    extend beyond her cadet years as she intends to 

 7    return to West Point to teach PL-300 or work in 

 8    the Simon Center.  

 9                 Madam President, I ask you to 

10    welcome Eve here to this august body and offer 

11    all the cordialities of our house.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

13    you, Senator.

14                 Senator Stavisky for her 

15    introduction.

16                 SENATOR STAVISKY:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 Thank you, Madam Leader and 

19    Senator Skoufis and Senator Scarcella-Spanton and 

20    really the folks at West Point and the 

21    Legislature.

22                 If you took a look at last year's 

23    West Point Day when I introduced the cadet from 

24    my district, I could almost do a rerun.  It's 

25    déjà vu.  The previous cadet, her name was 


                                                               1796

 1    Tracy Chen.  And today we're here to honor her 

 2    twin sister, Tricia Chen.  

 3                 And I notice that there seems to be 

 4    a common thread in the Chen family because they 

 5    have a younger brother who is currently planning, 

 6    hoping to come to West Point.

 7                 Tricia graduated from Cardozo 

 8    High School and then enlisted in the Army.  She 

 9    trained in Missouri and then was stationed at the 

10    Scofield Barracks in Hawaii.  

11                 She and her sister live in the 

12    College Point, Flushing, area with their parents.  

13    Can you imagine how proud those parents are?  Not 

14    just for what their daughters and their son are 

15    accomplishing, not just what's going to happen in 

16    the future, but they raised three remarkable 

17    young people trained to serve others.

18                 This is I think a remarkable family.  

19    We pay tribute to them and, through them, to 

20    their children who are living literally the 

21    American dream, and that is service to others and 

22    to be ready in case we need their special skills.

23                 So Madam President, I congratulate 

24    not just the three cadet -- or the two cadet 

25    Chen sisters, but also their family and the 


                                                               1797

 1    family of every other cadet who is here today.  

 2    We thank you for what you do, and we thank you 

 3    for what you are going to do to help defend our 

 4    country.

 5                 Thank you, Madam President.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 7    you, Senator.

 8                 Senator Fahy for her introduction.

 9                 SENATOR FAHY:   Thank you, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 It's a true honor, especially as a 

12    new member of the Senate, to have a cadet to 

13    introduce, a hometown one.  And her name is 

14    Cadet Morgan Lawler.  She's from Knox, New York, 

15    which is here in Albany County, and a graduate of 

16    the Academy of Holy Names, and of course a 

17    constituent of the 46th Senate District.  

18                 She also comes in a long, long line 

19    of those who have also served our country.  And I 

20    couldn't be more proud.  As our leader, 

21    Andrea Stewart-Cousins, mentioned earlier, you 

22    are trained and you are part of an esteemed 

23    institution who is there to fight for our greater 

24    good.  And that's so much of what this is about.  

25                 At a time when leadership is really 


                                                               1798

 1    something we need now more than ever, it's 

 2    wonderful to see this younger generation and it 

 3    gives us so much hope for the future.  Not only 

 4    is she a cadet here, but her intention is to go 

 5    on to be a medical doctor.

 6                 So it is a lifelong service that you 

 7    are embarking on, and could not be more 

 8    impressive.  The education system that you are a 

 9    part of is really rooted in character, ethics and 

10    service, and it's something that we as public 

11    officials also strive to uphold.  So I think this 

12    is such an important day.  

13                 So thank you for the sacrifices that 

14    you are already making, and thank you for being a 

15    part of our future as military leaders.  And I 

16    love that part of your training is service before 

17    self.  And I think that's one of my favorite 

18    sayings in the military, is the service before 

19    self.  We as a nation owe you an undying 

20    gratitude, and we wish Cadet Morgan Lawler only 

21    the best in all of her future endeavors.

22                 Thank you, Madam President, for this 

23    opportunity.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

25    you, Senator.


                                                               1799

 1                 Senator Walczyk for his 

 2    introduction.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

 4    Madam President.  

 5                 Cadet Anthony Tejkl, on your feet.  

 6                 (Laughter.)

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Out of Theresa, 

 8    New York, and now in Company Foxtrot 3.  He 

 9    enlisted in the United States Army Reserve to 

10    serve his nation, went down to Texas Tech, was in 

11    the ROTC program, deployed to CENTCOM in OSS, so 

12    he understands what the sands of Arabia feel 

13    like.  He is now serving and leading from the 

14    front and looking to go into Cyber Command in the 

15    U.S. Army.  

16                 We are very grateful for your 

17    service thus far, and excited about your future 

18    in leadership.

19                 Duty, honor and country.  That's a 

20    motto that they know well at West Point.  

21    Congratulations on joining the Thin Gray Line, 

22    for signing a promissory note for this nation up 

23    to and including your life, for placing the 

24    mission first and the mission of our nation and 

25    our Constitution first, for never accepting 


                                                               1800

 1    defeat, for never quitting, for always moving 

 2    forward.  

 3                 And remember, take care of your 

 4    soldiers.  We're very proud of you.

 5                 Thank you, Madam President.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 7    you, Senator.

 8                 Senator Webb for her introduction.

 9                 SENATOR WEBB:   Thank you, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 And thank you, Majority Leader, and 

12    Senator Skoufis and Senator Scarcella-Spanton, 

13    for continuing this great tradition.

14                 I'm very excited to stand today for 

15    the first time because I have a cadet from 

16    Senate District 52:  Bryce Sinclair.  And I'm 

17    going to brag a little bit about Bryce -- well, a 

18    lot of bit.

19                 So Bryce hails from Maine-Endwell, 

20    New York.  And his connection to West Point is a 

21    testament to the power of hard work and 

22    dedication that he embodies.  His story is one of 

23    dreams turned into action.  

24                 From an early age, Bryce dreamed of 

25    becoming an astronaut, and at West Point he 


                                                               1801

 1    actively sought out opportunities to make that 

 2    dream a reality.  His entrepreneurial spirit led 

 3    him to cofound West Point's first Model Rocketry 

 4    Club, a project borne out of his desire to 

 5    explore the possibilities of space.  

 6                 This initiative not only provided an 

 7    outlet for creativity but also demonstrated his 

 8    leadership and ability to collaborate with his 

 9    peers.  Together they made history by launching a 

10    rocket into space, setting a new amateur rocketry 

11    altitude record.  Bryce's work is a reminder that 

12    no dream is too big if you have the drive to 

13    pursue it.  

14                 Academically, Bryce's commitment is 

15    unparalleled.  As a mechanical engineering major, 

16    Bryce demonstrates his ability to balance the 

17    demands of both rigorous coursework and military 

18    training.  But what stands out even more is his 

19    ambition to continue advancing his education.  

20    Bryce has been accepted into the Georgia 

21    Institute of Technology, where he will pursue a 

22    master's in aerospace engineering, an incredibly 

23    prestigious program.  

24                 His pursuit of further academic 

25    excellence is a reflection of his determination 


                                                               1802

 1    to push the boundaries of what he can achieve, 

 2    whether it's the design of new technologies or 

 3    his service to our nation.

 4                 Looking beyond his time at 

 5    West Point, Bryce has clear goals set for his 

 6    future in the military.  He plans to branch into 

 7    infantry, a field that demands exceptional 

 8    leadership and courage, and ultimately will serve 

 9    in special operations.

10                 After completing his service as a 

11    lieutenant, Bryce's path will lead him to 

12    Fort Bragg, where he will no doubt bring his 

13    innovation and strategic thinking to new heights.

14                 I look forward to the continued 

15    great work that Bryce will do, not just simply in 

16    the Army but beyond.  And one of the things that 

17    I appreciate about this day, and for all of our 

18    cadets that are here, and the entire team that's 

19    with them, is that they demonstrate the 

20    importance of not only good public service but 

21    determination to lift each other up.

22                 Congratulations, everyone, and thank 

23    you so much, Bryce. 

24                 Thank you, Madam President.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 


                                                               1803

 1    you, Senator.

 2                 Senator Hinchey for her 

 3    introduction.

 4                 SENATOR HINCHEY:   Thank you, 

 5    Madam President.  

 6                 I too want to thank the leader for 

 7    so graciously hosting this day every year.  It's 

 8    really one of the best, where we get to see the 

 9    future, right?  It's a really incredible day.  

10                 I also want to thank Senator Skoufis 

11    for hosting and for being such a wonderful 

12    representative for West Point, always advocating 

13    on behalf of the institution.

14                 I rise today proudly to introduce a 

15    constituent of the 41st District, Cadet Jonah 

16    Dohr -- thank you -- who is also a company spirit 

17    officer.  Jonah hails from Austerlitz, New York, 

18    in Columbia County.  And he has five sisters, and 

19    attended Christian Brothers Academy here in 

20    Albany, which is what he credits for inspiring 

21    him to apply and go to West Point.  

22                 At West Point he's had incredible 

23    opportunities, including studying abroad at the 

24    Chilean Military Academy, which in this moment I 

25    think is so important -- building relationships, 


                                                               1804

 1    understanding our global world, seeing how we all 

 2    fit together.  Taking that opportunity to study 

 3    abroad really was a leadership moment, and so I 

 4    appreciate you taking that opportunity.

 5                 At West Point he also is on the Ski 

 6    and Trap Team.  He enjoys fishing.  As cochair of 

 7    the Sportsmen's Caucus, I appreciate both of 

 8    these activities.  And he also enjoys running 

 9    with his friends.  

10                 Upon graduating from West Point, 

11    Jonah will attend the Infantry Basic Officer 

12    Leader Course at Fort Benning, Georgia.  And 

13    after that, he plans to attend and graduate from 

14    Ranger School, and then returning to New York to 

15    serve as an infantry platoon leader in the 

16    Second Brigade, 10th Mountain Division.  

17                 We could not be more thrilled of 

18    your plans to return to New York and continue 

19    your service here.  We appreciate it.  

20                 Jonah, you truly represent an -- and 

21    everyone -- but you truly represent the best of 

22    us.  Having this day where we get to honor you 

23    and your service, putting our country, putting 

24    our people before yourselves is such an 

25    inspiring, inspiring choice.  Thank you for your 


                                                               1805

 1    commitment.  Thank you for joining us here today.  

 2    And I'm so proud to have you from our district.

 3                 Thank you.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 5    you, Senator.

 6                 To our guests, the cadets and 

 7    administrators from West Point, I welcome you on 

 8    behalf of the Senate.  We extend to you the 

 9    privileges and courtesies of this house.  Thank 

10    you for your service.

11                 Please rise and be recognized.

12                 (Standing ovation.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    Gianaris.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 I know our friends from West Point 

18    have to get to the Assembly chamber as well, so 

19    we'll let them make their exit while we continue 

20    our work here.

21                 Please recognize at this time 

22    Senator Fahy for an introduction.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Fahy for an introduction.

25                 SENATOR FAHY:   It's a busy day of 


                                                               1806

 1    introductions.  

 2                 And please allow me, 

 3    Madam President, to switch gears a little bit as 

 4    I rise to recognize in the gallery there the 

 5    University of Albany Women's Basketball Team, 

 6    which is -- if you'd rise for a moment so we can 

 7    recognize you.  

 8                 It's led by Coach Colleen Mullen.  

 9    And this was not planned, I assure you, but prior 

10    to her service as coach to the University at 

11    Albany Basketball Team -- Coach Mullen, would you 

12    just wave, please -- she coached for seven years 

13    at West Point.  So make note, folks, you maybe 

14    recognize her, some of those with older siblings.  

15                 So she understands service and has 

16    helped translate that into an amazing team here 

17    at UAlbany.  Sixty years we've had this 

18    basketball team, but they have truly developed a 

19    reputation as fierce and formidable opponents as 

20    part of the NCAA Division 1 American East 

21    Conference.  

22                 This year the Great Danes, under 

23    Coach Mullen's leadership, have had 26 wins, 

24    seven losses, and a conference record of 14 wins 

25    and two losses, which has allowed them to also 


                                                               1807

 1    capture the American East regular season title.

 2                 The coach clearly has taught our 

 3    seniors in particular many skills, but overall 

 4    has noted -- the coach has noted, and I quote, 

 5    "the resilience and hard work that the team 

 6    demonstrates."  She particularly calls out the 

 7    seniors and this winning mindset that now 

 8    prevails throughout their championship.  

 9                 I'd like to make special note of 

10    Kayla Cooper, who earned and has been named the 

11    Eastern Collegiate Athletic Conference First Team 

12    All-Conference Team.  Can you please just wave 

13    from our gallery, please, Kayla.  

14                 So we're just incredibly proud to 

15    have them.  And it is that type of strength and 

16    service that we've just talked about all morning.  

17    Sports I think teaches us leadership, teaches us 

18    resiliency, and teaches us a host of character 

19    development.

20                 So it is an honor to have them here 

21    this morning.  And if you would, I urge my 

22    colleagues to join in recognizing again the 

23    University at Albany Women's Basketball Team.

24                 Thank you.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 


                                                               1808

 1    you, Senator.

 2                 To our guests, the UAlbany Great 

 3    Danes and your coach, I welcome you on behalf of 

 4    the Senate.  We extend to you the privileges and 

 5    courtesies of this house.  

 6                 Please remain standing and be 

 7    recognized.

 8                 (Standing ovation.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

10    Gianaris.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Next up is 

12    Senator Addabbo's previously adopted 

13    Resolution 622.  Please read that resolution's 

14    title and recognize Senator Addabbo.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    Secretary will read.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 622, by 

18    Senator Addabbo, memorializing Governor Kathy 

19    Hochul to proclaim April 2025 as Sikh Awareness 

20    Month in the State of New York.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

22    Addabbo on the resolution.

23                 SENATOR ADDABBO:   Thank you, 

24    Madam President.  Good afternoon, everyone.

25                 April is Sikh Awareness Month, and 


                                                               1809

 1    we take a moment to recognize the positive 

 2    contributions of our Sikh residents within the 

 3    State of New York.  Positive contributions in 

 4    business, economics, the arts, agriculture, 

 5    education, and on even West Point Day, our U.S. 

 6    military.  

 7                 We recognize their contributions 

 8    because they are part of the fabric of this great 

 9    state for many years -- over a hundred years.  

10    And actually in New York we are second only to 

11    California for the most population for our Sikh 

12    community.  Roughly 78,000 residents of New York 

13    are part of the Sikh community, many of which are 

14    in my district in Richmond Hill.  And I'm proud 

15    to represent them.  

16                 And so I am proud to introduce this 

17    resolution.  I vote yes.  And Madam President, 

18    actually give our guests here all the courtesies 

19    of the house.  Thank you very much.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

21    you, Senator.  

22                 Senator Cooney on the resolution.

23                 SENATOR COONEY:   Thank you, 

24    Madam President.  

25                 And thank you, Senator Addabbo, for 


                                                               1810

 1    bringing forth this resolution.  Incredibly 

 2    important that we recognize and celebrate our 

 3    Sikh culture in New York.  Of course from 

 4    Richmond Hill to Rochester, we know that the Sikh 

 5    community is of course a big, vibrant part of our 

 6    business community, of our civic community, and 

 7    have been adding many contributions to the State 

 8    of New York for many years.

 9                 I want to highlight one particular 

10    constituent of mine who was recently elected as 

11    the first Sikh trial judge in New York State, 

12    Judge Vikram Singh Vilku, who is serving as the 

13    Brighton Town Justice and who is bringing great 

14    pride to our Sikh community not just here in 

15    New York but across our states.  

16                 We know that the continued 

17    commitment and spirit and faith of the Sikh 

18    tradition will continue to generate a new 

19    generation of Sikh-Americans who contribute back 

20    to our state in so many ways.  And we're so 

21    grateful to recognize this during the month of 

22    April and during all months of the year.

23                 Thank you, Madam President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

25    you, Senator.


                                                               1811

 1                 Senator Stavisky on the resolution.

 2                 SENATOR STAVISKY:   Yeah, very 

 3    briefly, Madam President.  

 4                 I thank Senator Addabbo for his 

 5    description of the wonderful contributions of the 

 6    Sikh community.  I represent many of them in my 

 7    district in Queens.  

 8                 And we welcome you to Albany, and we 

 9    look forward to working with the entire community 

10    in the days ahead.

11                 Thank you, Madam President.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

13    you, Senator.

14                 To our guests representing the Sikh 

15    community, I welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  

16    We extend to you the privileges and courtesies of 

17    this house.  

18                 Please rise and be recognized.

19                 (Standing ovation.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    West Point Day resolution was adopted on 

22    March 18th, and the Sikh resolution was adopted 

23    on April 8th.

24                 Senator Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Today's 


                                                               1812

 1    resolutions are open for cosponsorship, 

 2    Madam President.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   At the 

 4    request of the sponsors, the resolutions are open 

 5    for cosponsorship.  Should you choose not to 

 6    become a cosponsor, please notify the desk.

 7                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time, 

 8    Madam President, there's a report of the 

 9    Finance Committee at the desk.  Let's take that 

10    up.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    Secretary will read.  

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger, 

14    from the Committee on Finance, reports the 

15    following nominations.  

16                 As a member of the Metropolitan 

17    Transportation Authority, Blanca Lopez.

18                 As nonvoting members of the 

19    Metropolitan Transportation Authority:  

20    Christopher Leathers and Edward R. Valenti.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

22    the report of the Finance Committee.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

24    those in favor of accepting the report of the 

25    Finance Committee signify by saying aye.


                                                               1813

 1                 (Response of "Aye.")

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 3    nay.

 4                 (Response of "Nay.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    report of the Finance Committee is accepted.

 7                 Senator Krueger on the nominations.

 8                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you very 

 9    much, Madam President.  

10                 So yesterday the three committees 

11    overlapping jurisdiction held one meeting -- the 

12    Finance Committee, the Transportation Committee, 

13    and the Corporations Committee.  And 

14                 We had a very in-depth interview 

15    with the Westchester County representative, who 

16    is being renewed because of a change in county 

17    executive needing to either nominate again 

18    someone to serve or choose a new person.  And 

19    happily the new county exec chose to keep the 

20    Westchester County representative, and she did a 

21    very fine job answering questions in the 

22    committee.

23                 And the other two we are supporting 

24    today are actually required representatives from 

25    labor, both of whom were extremely supportive.  


                                                               1814

 1                 And we are grateful that all three 

 2    are willing to serve on the MTA Board, because 

 3    let's be honest:  It's a lot of work and you take 

 4    a lot of crap for being on the MTA Board.  

 5    Somebody always has some complaints.  

 6                 So I am very delighted that all 

 7    three are willing to continue their roles on the 

 8    MTA Board and take such important responsibility 

 9    for a mass transit system that is the largest in 

10    the country.  It's critically important to the 

11    economy, not just of the 12 counties where the 

12    MTA provides services, but actually helps ensure 

13    that the region of the New York City MTA counties 

14    ends up being a bread basket for the economies of 

15    multiple states here in the Northeast.

16                 So I am certainly urging a yes vote 

17    on everyone, and I again am always appreciative 

18    that there are people out there who are talented, 

19    skilled, have other jobs, and are still willing 

20    to serve the people of New York State through 

21    their volunteer commitment to such important 

22    boards like the board of the MTA.

23                 Thank you, Madam President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

25    you, Senator.


                                                               1815

 1                 The question is on the nominations.  

 2                 Call the roll.

 3                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 5    the results.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to the 

 7    nominations, voting in the negative are 

 8    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

 9    Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Lanza, Martinez, 

10    Martins, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, 

11    Ortt, Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Stec, Tedisco, 

12    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.

13                 Ayes, 37.  Nays, 23.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    nominees are confirmed.

16                 Senator Gianaris.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   At this time, 

18    Madam President, there will be an immediate 

19    meeting of the Rules Committee in Room 332.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There 

21    will be an immediate meeting of the 

22    Rules Committee in Room 332.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   The Senate 

24    stands at ease.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               1816

 1    Senate will stand at ease.

 2                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

 3    at 12:23 p.m.)

 4                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

 5    12:32 p.m.) 

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Senate will return to order.

 8                 Senator Gianaris.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

10    there's a report of the Rules Committee at the 

11    desk.  Let's take that up, please.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Secretary will read.  

14                 May we have some order in the 

15    chamber, please.  

16                 THE SECRETARY:  Senator 

17    Stewart-Cousins, from the Committee on Rules, 

18    reports the following bill:

19                 Senate Print 3786, by 

20    Senator Felder, an act to amend the 

21    Education Law.

22                 Bill ordered direct to third 

23    reading.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

25    the report of the Rules Committee.


                                                               1817

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

 2    those in favor of accepting the Rules Committee 

 3    report please signify by saying aye.

 4                 (Response of "Aye.")

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 6    nay.

 7                 (No response.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    report of the Rules Committee is accepted.

10                 Senator Gianaris.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

12    the calendar, Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    122, Senate Print 1919, by Senator Skoufis, an 

17    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

19    last section.  

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 


                                                               1818

 1    the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    141, Senate Print 904A, by Senator Gonzalez, an 

 7    act to amend the Public Service Law.

 8                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Lay it 

10    aside.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

12    268, Senate Print 2071, by Senator 

13    Scarcella-Spanton, an act to amend the Labor Law.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

15    last section.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

17    act shall take effect immediately.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

19    roll.

20                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

22    the results.  

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

25    is passed.


                                                               1819

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    436, Senate Print 4816, by Senator C. Ryan, an 

 3    act to amend the Workers' Compensation Law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

 5    last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 7.  This 

 7    act shall take effect on the 120th after it shall 

 8    have become a law.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

15    Calendar 436, voting in the negative:  

16    Senator Walczyk.

17                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 1.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

19    is passed.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

21    494, Assembly Bill 565, by Assemblymember Paulin, 

22    an act to amend the Public Health Law.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

24    last section.

25                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 


                                                               1820

 1    act shall take effect immediately.  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 3    roll.

 4                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 6    the results.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 8    Calendar 494, voting in the negative are 

 9    Senators Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, Chan, 

10    Griffo, Lanza, Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, 

11    O'Mara, Ortt, Rhoads, Stec and Tedisco.

12                 Ayes, 47.  Nays, 13.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    514, Senate Print 5600, by Senator May, an act to 

17    amend the Personal Property Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 


                                                               1821

 1    the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 3    Calendar 514, voting in the negative:  

 4    Senator Walczyk.

 5                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 1.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 7    is passed.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    519, Senate Print 5982, by Senator Harckham, an 

10    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

12    last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

14    act shall take effect on the 30th day after it 

15    shall have become a law.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

17    roll.

18                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

20    the results.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

22    Calendar 519, voting in the negative are 

23    Senators Skoufis and Walczyk.

24                 Ayes, 58.  Nays, 2.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 


                                                               1822

 1    is passed.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    531, Senate Print 4204, by Senator Comrie, an act 

 4    to amend Chapter 154 of the Laws of 1921.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

 6    last section.

 7                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 5.  This 

 8    act shall take effect immediately.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

10    roll.

11                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

13    the results.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

18    540, Senate Print 3690, by Senator Sanders, an 

19    act to amend the Lien Law.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

21    last section.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

23    act shall take effect immediately.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

25    roll.


                                                               1823

 1                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 3    the results.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 5    Calendar 540, voting in the negative are 

 6    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

 7    Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Martins, 

 8    Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

 9    Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, C. Ryan, Stec, Tedisco, 

10    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.  Also Senator Lanza.

11                 Ayes, 37.  Nays, 23.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

13    is passed.

14                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

15    583, Senate Print 4867, by Senator Fahy, an act 

16    to amend the Insurance Law.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Lay it aside for 

18    the day.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

20    will be laid aside for the day.

21                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

22    595, Senate Print 5286, by Senator Sepúlveda, an 

23    act to amend the Lien Law.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

25    last section.


                                                               1824

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 2    act shall take effect immediately.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 4    roll.

 5                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 7    the results.  

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 9    Calendar 595, voting in the negative are 

10    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

11    Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Lanza, Martins, 

12    Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

13    Palumbo, Rhoads, Rolison, Skoufis, Stec, Tedisco, 

14    Walczyk, Weber and Weik.  

15                 Ayes, 37.  Nays, 23.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    611, Senate Print 490, by Senator Fernandez, an 

20    act to amend the Penal Law.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

22    last section.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 4 this act 

24    shall take effect immediately.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 


                                                               1825

 1    roll.

 2                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 4    Fernandez to explain her vote.

 5                 SENATOR FERNANDEZ:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 Under current law, survivors of 

 8    sexual -- child sexual assault must recall exact 

 9    dates for every act of violence committed against 

10    them, including if abuse occurred over a number 

11    of years.  Prosecutors are often forced to walk 

12    away from credible cases of child sexual abuse 

13    when the child is not able to remember the 

14    details required under the law to pursue charges.  

15                 This bill will exempt children who 

16    experience sexual misconduct or predatory sexual 

17    assault up until the age of 17 from needing to 

18    specify every date abuse occurred as if it 

19    happened -- or if it happened over an extended 

20    period of time.  It will ensure that child 

21    survivors are not retraumatized by the mandate of 

22    pinpointing specific times of repeated abuse and 

23    that prosecutors can hold predators fully 

24    accountable.

25                 Our laws must reflect the -- our 


                                                               1826

 1    laws must reflect the reality of how trauma 

 2    works, especially with the nuances of child 

 3    trauma.  It's a necessary step to strengthen the 

 4    protections for vulnerable children and give 

 5    survivors the justice they deserve.

 6                 I thank my colleagues for supporting 

 7    this bill, and I urge everyone to vote aye.

 8                 Thank you.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

10    Fernandez to be recorded in the affirmative.

11                 Announce the results.  

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

14    is passed.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    614, Senate Print 2494, by Senator Gounardes, an 

17    act to amend the Civil Rights Law.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

19    last section.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 3.  This 

21    act shall take effect immediately.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

23    roll.

24                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 


                                                               1827

 1    the results.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

 4    is passed.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    616, Senate Print 4389, by Senator May, an act to 

 7    amend the Executive Law.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

 9    last section.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

11    act shall take effect immediately.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

13    roll.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    May to explain her vote.

17                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

18    Madam President.  

19                 This is a bill that we passed last 

20    year.  It was developed by one of my session 

21    assistants a few years ago who had experience 

22    with discrimination based on color blindness.  

23                 This will allow more people to apply 

24    and potentially become police officers and not be 

25    just blanket disqualified from that job because 


                                                               1828

 1    of color blindness.

 2                 So I hope this time around the 

 3    Governor will see her way to signing it into law, 

 4    and I vote aye.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 6    May to be recorded in the affirmative.

 7                 Senator Oberacker to explain his 

 8    vote.

 9                 SENATOR OBERACKER:   Thank you, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 As one who is color blind, I feel as 

12    though I could speak -- I'll use the word 

13    intelligently on this bill, and I can tell you 

14    that color blindness really doesn't affect my 

15    everyday either interactions or the duties of my 

16    prestigious job as being a Senator.  Although my 

17    wife would probably counter that it may have some 

18    effect on my hearing.  I can unequivocally tell 

19    all here that it does not.  

20                 Senator May, thank you for bringing 

21    this bill forward.  It is a great bill.  Anything 

22    that would increase our ranks or potentially 

23    increase our ranks for those in any type of first 

24    responder and/or law enforcement is a good bill.  

25                 I want to thank you.  And I also 


                                                               1829

 1    want to thank your former staff that brought it 

 2    forward.  It is something that I guess we don't 

 3    really think about much.  

 4                 And the only other time I can tell 

 5    you that it was challenging was a trip one time 

 6    into Syracuse.  Up on Tipperary Hill, there is 

 7    one stop light that is not in the correct 

 8    position for those of us of color blindness.  Top 

 9    I stop, bottom I go, middle I go very fast.  

10                 This one was inverted.  So just -- I 

11    would say it was always something that was 

12    brought forward.  

13                 And I proudly, Madam President, 

14    proudly vote aye.  Thank you.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Oberacker to be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Senator O'Mara to explain his vote.  

18                 Senator Bailey to explain his vote.

19                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 I always applaud Senator May for 

22    this bill because it really shows a couple of 

23    things that we can do in this Legislature.  

24                 First and foremost, as was said, it 

25    is allowing individuals who are color blind to be 


                                                               1830

 1    able to be police officers.  And, you know, we 

 2    need to make sure that people that are willing to 

 3    serve us in the ranks of law enforcement, that we 

 4    do anything we can to make sure we open that up 

 5    and create diversity.  And diversity is -- you 

 6    know, diversity takes shape in many forms, and 

 7    color blindness is one of them.  

 8                 But one of the most important things 

 9    to me is that 21 years ago I started on a journey 

10    in a different chamber as an intern myself.  I 

11    interned for a second-term Assemblymember, a guy 

12    from the Bronx, and you -- it's a guy named Carl, 

13    and he's the Speaker over there.  And what that 

14    internship taught me for now Speaker Heastie is 

15    that as an intern, not just coming here and doing 

16    perfunctory duties, that being a part of 

17    something to make your state important is 

18    crucial.  

19                 And when Liam came from 

20    Senator May's office to her and to me with this 

21    idea, it was something I was ecstatic about 

22    because to everybody listening, especially those 

23    who are interning or fellows, you do make a 

24    difference.  Not you can, you do make a 

25    difference.  Your presence in this building is a 


                                                               1831

 1    gift.  

 2                 So continue to advocate, continue to 

 3    agitate and continue to come up with great ideas 

 4    like Liam's law, for lack of a better term.  

 5    Right?  It was vetoed last year.  I hope that the 

 6    Governor will, no pun intended, see the right 

 7    thing and makes sure she sees to it that it is 

 8    signed so that folks like Liam and other folks 

 9    will benefit from this legislation.  

10                 I proudly -- and hopefully for the 

11    last time because it will be law after this -- 

12    vote aye, Madam President.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    Bailey to be recorded in the affirmative.

15                 Announce the results.

16                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

17    Calendar 616, voting in the negative:  

18    Senator Brisport.  

19                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 1.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

21    is passed.

22                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

23    617, Senate Print 4466, by Senator Mayer, an act 

24    to amend the Civil Rights Law.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 


                                                               1832

 1    last section.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 3    act shall take effect on the 30th day after it 

 4    shall have become a law.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 6    roll.

 7                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

 9    the results.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

11    Calendar 617, voting in the negative:  

12    Senator Walczyk.

13                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 1.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

15    is passed.

16                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

17    reading of the calendar.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

19    as members of this chamber know, every Wednesday 

20    in this chamber is Walczyk Wednesday.  So -- 

21                 (Laughter.)

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   -- if we can 

23    take the controversial calendar up, please, and 

24    let Senator Walczyk have his debate for the day.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               1833

 1    Secretary will ring the bell.

 2                 The Secretary will read.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 4    141, Senate Print 904A, by Senator Gonzalez, an 

 5    act to amend the Public Service Law.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 7    Walczyk, why do you rise?  

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I rise in a 

 9    time-honored tradition of this chamber, 

10    Madam President.  

11                 (Laughter.)

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I hope the 

13    sponsor will yield for some questions.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   In the 

15    spirit of time-honored tradition, will the 

16    sponsor yield?  

17                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Absolutely, 

18    Madam President.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor will yield.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  So the Section 16A of this bill 

23    is about reporting on utility investigations.  

24    And I was reading through the language here.  The 

25    reporting is to committee chairs, to the 


                                                               1834

 1    President of the Senate and to the Speaker of the 

 2    Assembly, all of whom are Democrats.  

 3                 Why weren't any minority leadership 

 4    or rankers of committees included in the 

 5    reporting requirement here?

 6                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  It is very custom for us to 

 8    provide reports to chairs of the relevant 

 9    committees.  Certainly those reports are often 

10    reviewed within the committee.  And in this case 

11    I believe the Senator is a part of the Energy and 

12    Telecommunications Committee.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

14    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

19    Madam President, yes, I do.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.  

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the 

23    Public Service Commission currently has the 

24    authority to stay penalties, fees, interest 

25    charges, some of the things that you're getting 


                                                               1835

 1    at here, even temporarily suspending bills.  

 2                 Have they failed in certain 

 3    instances, has the Public Service Commission 

 4    failed in certain instances in the State of 

 5    New York in doing that, and that's why you're 

 6    proposing this legislation?  

 7                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, while we're aware that the PSC 

 9    has this ability, they don't consistently use it.  

10    So it's important to have a piece of legislation 

11    like this one to provide that consistency.  

12                 There is precedent -- for example, 

13    what happened with Central Hudson Gas & Electric 

14    in 2021, where over 8,000 customers were billed 

15    incorrectly, that those customers were impacted 

16    and not intervene by the PSC to protect them from 

17    certain fees.

18                 So we are introducing this bill 

19    because there has been a history here, and I'm 

20    proud that we're providing that consistency for 

21    all customers regardless of the case in question.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               1836

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   I do.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But in the 

 6    Central Hudson case, didn't the Public Service 

 7    Commission actually do what you're proposing 

 8    here?  Didn't they exercise their authority to 

 9    stay additional fees, penalties, interest 

10    charges, terminations while the billing was 

11    straightened out on that issue?  

12                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

13    Madam President.  This bill provides that at the 

14    end of a case and determination, that customers 

15    are protected for 120 days from termination, late 

16    fees and penalties regarding the case.  And once 

17    the PSC has released their report and determined 

18    whether or not the utility company is owed any of 

19    those fees, then those customers are required to 

20    pay.  

21                 So while I will understand that the 

22    PSC did intervene in part of the Central Hudson 

23    case, there is a clear standard and consistent 

24    standard being put forward in the process in this 

25    bill.


                                                               1837

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 3    yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 5    sponsor yield? 

 6                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the Public 

10    Service Commission has acted under its authority 

11    in order to do exactly what you're proposing 

12    here, but we are codifying additional things in 

13    law here, if your bill becomes a law, in order to 

14    make sure that they do those things, I guess.  

15                 And I want to talk to you about some 

16    of the things that you've proposed in the change 

17    here.

18                 So for investigations for 

19    combination utilities -- for example, a gas and 

20    an electric utility -- if there's an 

21    investigation about the gas utility, will that 

22    also impact the stay on fees for fees, penalties, 

23    interest rates, terminations for the electric 

24    charges under a combination utility?  

25                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 


                                                               1838

 1    Madam President, this bill specifically addresses 

 2    residential gas, electric and steam utility 

 3    services.  

 4                 If the complaints that triggered the 

 5    investigation -- and for clarity, the threshold 

 6    for complaints for the PSC to investigate has to 

 7    be over 25 individual complaints or a 

 8    municipality or Department of State submitting a 

 9    written complaint to DPS.  You know, after this 

10    happens, then if those complaints are regarding 

11    gas and electric, then yes, this would apply to 

12    both of those services.  

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   I do.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So I want to talk 

22    about your definition of investigations.  You 

23    used "investigations" a couple of times.  

24                 My read of your legislation here is 

25    that there's kind of two different things that 


                                                               1839

 1    could fall under the investigations category.  

 2    One is a rate case that is brought to the Public 

 3    Service Commission, and another is from users or 

 4    municipalities under Section 71.  That could be 

 5    25 users or one municipal leader that files with 

 6    the Public Service Commission asking for an 

 7    investigation?  Am I understanding that 

 8    correctly?

 9                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, I appreciate the opportunity to 

11    clarify the intent of this bill.  

12                 This does not necessarily cover 

13    routine proceedings by the PSC and is not 

14    relevant to rate-setting.  It is written to 

15    address only significant investigations with 

16    broad implications for consumers.  And it defines 

17    investigations as a formal proceeding conducted 

18    by the commission to examine the policies, 

19    practices, rates, charges, services, facilities, 

20    operations or management of a utility corporation 

21    or to determine compliance with any law, rule, 

22    regulation, order or tariff applicable to such a 

23    utility corporation.  

24                 So the bill's intent is to protect 

25    consumers from the impact of major systemic 


                                                               1840

 1    issues.  But if a utility company is going 

 2    through a routine rate case and following all of 

 3    the relevant laws, then this certainly -- then 

 4    that process would go along smoothly and this 

 5    bill would not be covering that.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 8    yield.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Right, so that 

15    answered half of my question.  This does include 

16    rate cases that would be considered an 

17    investigation.  What about under Section 71?  

18    Does this also include 25 members or users or a 

19    municipal official that could ask for an 

20    investigation from the Public Service Commission?  

21                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

22    Madam President.  I want to clarify billing 

23    rates.  

24                 So if a consumer or customer has 

25    been incorrectly billed and over 25 of them have 


                                                               1841

 1    submitted complaints, for example, and the 

 2    Department of Public Service, through an informal 

 3    investigation process, which on average lasts 

 4    eight to nine months, has determined that there 

 5    is a reasonable doubt around how those bills have 

 6    been set, then yes, those rates would be under 

 7    investigation.  And to the member's question, 

 8    they would be covered under this bill.  

 9                 But again, larger rate cases and 

10    routine proceedings are not within the scope of 

11    this bill.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

13    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   I do.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But Section 71 of 

21    the Public Service Law isn't just about price, 

22    complaints as to quality and price of gas and 

23    electricity investigation by commission.  This is 

24    the section of law that outlines 25 members of 

25    the public or a trustee of the village town or 


                                                               1842

 1    board, chief executive officer of a legislative 

 2    body, et cetera.  

 3                 I just want to make sure that 

 4    Section 71 of the Public Service Law also applies 

 5    here.  Is that called out in your bill?  

 6                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, yes, that is correct.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 9    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

10    yield?  

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield? 

13                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   I do.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Are you aware 

17    that PSC rate cases take on average 11 months in 

18    the State of New York?

19                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  Yes, I am aware.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

22    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield?  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield? 


                                                               1843

 1                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So you're 

 5    proposing here, as one of those investigations, a 

 6    PSC rate case that for those 11 months the 

 7    utility could not charge late fees if somebody 

 8    hasn't paid their bill, cannot charge a penalty, 

 9    cannot charge interest, and cannot discontinue 

10    service?  Is that correct?  

11                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

12    Madam President, there are currently two paths 

13    for rate setting:  A litigated process and a 

14    settlement track, which are outlined in law.  If 

15    the rate increase requested by the utility is in 

16    compliance with all applicable rules and 

17    regulations, then this process should move along 

18    smoothly.  

19                 However, the bill is not relevant to 

20    how rate-setting occurs.  But if there are 

21    concerns about that process, legislators of 

22    course are welcome to submit legislation on that 

23    issue.

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

25    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 


                                                               1844

 1    yield.

 2                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 The sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But you do 

 7    acknowledge that rate cases generally take about 

 8    11 months in the State of New York?  

 9                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, yes, that is correct.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

12    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

13    yield?  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes, I do.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And the 

20    legislation that you're proposing here goes a 

21    little bit further than just the timeline of the 

22    11 months where there's a pending rate case -- 

23    called an investigation under your proposed 

24    legislation.  It also goes 120 days, four months 

25    after that rate case would be settled, where the 


                                                               1845

 1    utility still could not charge late fees, charge 

 2    a penalty, charge interest or discontinue service 

 3    for any of the users.  

 4                 Am I reading that correctly?

 5                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, yes.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 8    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 9    yield?

10                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield? 

13                 The sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And this 

15    legislation that you're proposing today also has 

16    a requirement that the utility notify customers 

17    within 10 days and post on their website within 

18    three days of their filing for a rate case, is 

19    that correct?

20                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

21    Madam President, yes, that is in the bill.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               1846

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 The sponsor yields.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the total 

 4    amount of time that somebody would not have to 

 5    pay their electric or gas bill would be 

 6    15 months, a year and a quarter, while there's a 

 7    pending rate case and then the effective 

 8    120 days?  Am I reading that timeline correctly?  

 9                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, I'd like to reiterate that this 

11    is not about a standard rate case.  Again, 

12    routine rate cases are not part of the scope of 

13    this bill.

14                 But it is true, if billing rates are 

15    in question for the investigation and the PSC is 

16    under -- or investigating the utility, which 

17    would qualify as a formal investigation -- which 

18    again, I will reiterate, only happens after an 

19    informal rate investigation of eight to nine 

20    months where the Department of Public Service 

21    reviews the complaint and sees if they are 

22    credible and there should be a formal 

23    investigation.  Only then are consumers protected 

24    from late fees, from termination of service, and 

25    from penalties.


                                                               1847

 1                 I'd also like to reiterate that this 

 2    bill does not encourage customers or consumers to 

 3    not pay their bills.  But certainly in cases 

 4    where they are being double-billed or billed at 

 5    higher rates, there may be customers who are 

 6    unable to pay the full amount required, and those 

 7    customers should certainly not be penalized or 

 8    lose service during that time.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So to create a 

18    formal -- as you were outlining, to create a 

19    formula under Section 71, the complaint in 

20    writing of not less than 25 customers or 

21    purchasers of such gas or electricity, or upon 

22    the complaint in writing of the Department of 

23    State.

24                 So am I understanding 25 customers 

25    of that utility could create and trigger the 


                                                               1848

 1    formal investigation that would kick this off?

 2                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  Once more, I'd like to clarify 

 4    that if over -- if 25 customers or over submit 

 5    complaints and those complaints are reasonable 

 6    and determined to be reasonable by the Department 

 7    of Public Service, then yes, once a formal 

 8    investigation is triggered, that is absolutely 

 9    possible.

10                 But again, there is an additional 

11    review process, and this will only happen in 

12    cases where there is a credible reason to have a 

13    formal investigation.

14                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

15    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

16    yield.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield? 

19                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes, I do.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   But you can't 

23    really determine whether it's credible until the 

24    investigation is complete.  I think that's the 

25    purpose of the investigation.  


                                                               1849

 1                 So when 25 customers of a utility 

 2    company say, My rates are too high, I want an 

 3    investigation, and they go to the Public Service 

 4    Commission and file with the Public Service 

 5    Commission, then there's an investigation.  

 6                 And your legislation is requiring 

 7    that while that investigation is ongoing, they 

 8    can't terminate service, add any of the fees or 

 9    penalties or that kind of thing.  Is that -- am I 

10    reading that correctly?  

11                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  Yes, if a formal investigation 

13    is underway, while it's true that customers have 

14    a responsibility to pay their bills, so do 

15    utility companies have to provide timely and 

16    accurate billing.  

17                 So if there is a formal 

18    investigation, then yes, this bill would ensure 

19    that those customers are not seeing termination 

20    of service if they are unable to pay those, you 

21    know, unreasonable bills.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               1850

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Also empowering 

 6    the Public Service Commission to waive 

 7    terminations, back-billing, bills in arrears in 

 8    this legislation, is that correct?

 9                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

10    Madam President.  Once the formal investigation 

11    is completed, the Public Service Commission has 

12    the ability to decide if those late fees, 

13    penalties are due to the company or only due to 

14    them in part.

15                 But what's important to note here is 

16    if the investigation results in a ruling in favor 

17    of a utility company, then that utility company 

18    will be made whole and the bills that were due to 

19    them will be required to be paid from the 

20    customers.

21                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

23    yield?  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

25    sponsor yield? 


                                                               1851

 1                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Yes, I do.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   I appreciate you 

 5    saying that the utility companies would be made 

 6    whole.  Do you know how many dollars in arrears 

 7    the utility companies in the State of New York 

 8    are right now?

 9                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, I'd like to be clear that "made 

11    whole" is only if the ruling was in favor of the 

12    utility company.  

13                 But to answer the member's question, 

14    if he would like to share that with the chamber, 

15    he is welcome to share that number.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

17    on the bill. 

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

19    Walczyk on the bill.

20                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   $1.3 billion is 

21    how much our utilities are in arrears right now.  

22    Having interest, penalties, fees for people who 

23    are currently not paying their electric bill 

24    because their electric and gas bills are too 

25    pricey because of the things that come out of 


                                                               1852

 1    this chamber and the chamber down the hall and 

 2    are signed into law by the Governor.  

 3                 Power production is not free.  

 4    Neither is transporting that power.  The 

 5    customers of the State of New York are feeling 

 6    that pain right now.

 7                 What this legislation does is it 

 8    allows 25 customers in a utility to file a case 

 9    with the Public Service Commission in order to 

10    not pay their bill for up to 15 months in a rate 

11    case.  So if there's a rate case pending with the 

12    Public Service Commission -- those generally take 

13    11 months -- this bill tacks on another 

14    four months.

15                 And I know how this sounds at face 

16    value.  It sounds great.  Everybody says, Well, 

17    great, I don't have to pay my electric or my gas 

18    bill for 15 months.  That would be a lot of 

19    relief.  But the companies are going to be made 

20    whole, is what the sponsor said.  So at what 

21    point and who is going to pay that electric bill?  

22    They already have $1.3 billion in arrears.  

23                 Electricity is not free.  It is 

24    expensive to produce.  It's expensive to 

25    transport.  The same is true with gas.  


                                                               1853

 1                 Yeah, I think I've made my point.  

 2    This -- yeah, I've made my point.  All right, 

 3    thank you, Madam President.  

 4                 (Laughter.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 6    you, Senator.

 7                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

 8    to be heard? 

 9                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

10    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

11                 Read the last section.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 7.  This 

13    act shall take effect on the 30th day after it 

14    shall have become a law.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

19    Gonzalez to explain her vote.  

20                 SENATOR GONZALEZ:   Thank you so 

21    much, Madam President.  

22                 I want to thank my colleagues for 

23    passing this very important piece of legislation.  

24    While I know that we are in a cost-of-living 

25    crisis, one of the driving factors is utility 


                                                               1854

 1    costs.  And when utility companies -- for 

 2    example, last year in the North Country, with 

 3    National Grid, and I believe certain members of 

 4    this chamber in their own districts had the 

 5    lowest customer satisfaction ratings because of 

 6    their inability to provide quality service.  When 

 7    these issues happen, it is so important for those 

 8    consumers to have every possible protection in 

 9    this cost-of-living crisis.

10                 So I think this bill is an important 

11    step towards doing that.  And it's certainly 

12    reasonable and common sense to say if a utility 

13    is under a formal and credible investigation, 

14    that those consumers -- who of course will have 

15    to pay if they are not ruled in favor of -- 

16    should certainly have some sort of protection as 

17    they struggle to keep up with their bills.

18                 So I am so proud to have sponsored 

19    this bill and certainly appreciative of this 

20    chamber for voting.  And of course I vote aye.

21                 Thank you.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Gonzalez to be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Senator Krueger to explain her vote.

25                 SENATOR KRUEGER:   Thank you very 


                                                               1855

 1    much.  

 2                 I appreciated the debate.  I am 

 3    voting yes on this bill.  

 4                 My colleague who led the debate 

 5    against the bill does point out that there's an 

 6    enormous amount of utility debt out there.  And 

 7    yes, utilities cost something.  But the point of 

 8    this bill, as was clarified over and over again 

 9    by the sponsor, was these are actual 

10    investigations into overcharges, not simply a 

11    rate increase.  

12                 And the truth is most of us have 

13    constituents who are in an enormously difficult 

14    situation trying to pay their monthly utility 

15    bills and then of course falling into default and 

16    even risking losing their electricity or heat, 

17    which can be a crisis for the family.  

18                 And so this Legislature, this 

19    government, has an obligation to make sure 

20    everybody's following the rules of the road.  

21    Make sure that utility rates are set 

22    appropriately, that if there are investigations 

23    they are completed hopefully quickly.  But if 

24    not, we still need to make sure that our 

25    consumers are protected.  


                                                               1856

 1                 And there was just the point made 

 2    that it's expensive.  I would say yes, and it 

 3    would be less expensive if we move more quickly 

 4    into green alternative energy -- solar, wind, 

 5    geothermal.  That would actually hopefully 

 6    decrease everybody's utilities and decrease the 

 7    amount of money people find themselves in default 

 8    on.  

 9                 Of course, unfortunately, we've also 

10    learned that we've just lost about $500 million 

11    from the federal government, who's decided not to 

12    continue the LIHEAP program, which is critically 

13    important for low-income New Yorkers, those more 

14    likely to fall behind on their utility bills as 

15    well.

16                 So we have a lot of work to do, 

17    Madam President.  But this bill is a good bill, 

18    and I thank my colleague for sponsoring it.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

20    Krueger to be recorded in the affirmative.

21                 Senator Walczyk to explain his vote.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

23    Madam President.  

24                 You can't just blame the Public 

25    Service Commission and blame the utilities for 


                                                               1857

 1    the cost of electricity and gas in the State of 

 2    New York.  You have to look in the mirror and 

 3    look at the policy that you've passed in this 

 4    chamber.  

 5                 The Empire Center says that electric 

 6    and gas bills have already gone up 10 percent in 

 7    the State of New York because of the CLCPA, and 

 8    estimates at the low end by the Comptroller say 

 9    that the CLCPA's implementation is going to be 

10    $340 billion.  Where does that money come from?  

11                 If you don't even allow the 

12    utilities to collect revenue but you require the 

13    utilities to do the entire thing, how does that 

14    math?  It doesn't.  They're already $1.3 billion 

15    in arrears on bills now.  But this legislation 

16    says, Don't worry, once there's an 

17    investigation -- which 25 customers can 

18    trigger -- then nobody has to pay their bill and 

19    we'll probably waive any late fees even if they 

20    do have to pay their bill eventually.  

21                 And then you have the gall to go out 

22    and say that we're trying to make electricity and 

23    gas more affordable in the State of New York.  

24    I'm not fooled, and neither are the residents.  

25    They see it on their bill every single month.  


                                                               1858

 1                 And I vote no.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 3    Walczyk again to be recorded in the negative.

 4                 Senator Tedisco to explain his vote.

 5                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Thank you.  To 

 6    explain my vote on this bill.

 7                 You know, I think all of us get a 

 8    lot of calls and concerns about various issues.  

 9    At the top of the list, probably the calls you 

10    get are the affordability problem, which we're 

11    called to solve this year by the Governor and 

12    many of my colleagues on the other side have 

13    talked about -- some talk about it, some not.  

14    Criminal justice reform.  But right at the top of 

15    the list is the rate increases in the cost of 

16    energy for our constituents.  

17                 I get calls galore about that.  And 

18    I have to explain to them, why did you -- they 

19    say to me, Why did you increase my electric rates 

20    or my gas rates or these rates?  You know, 

21    they're going up astronomically.  And they're 

22    right, I think.  

23                 Then I have to explain to them, we 

24    have this thing called the Public Service 

25    Commission.  Well, which legislators are the 


                                                               1859

 1    Public Service Commission?  Well, they're not 

 2    legislators.  I say they're faceless bureaucrats, 

 3    because nobody knows them.  And out of nowhere 

 4    there's a rate increase, and now we're going to 

 5    investigate them.  

 6                 I have a solution for this.  And 

 7    this may be significant.  You might want to 

 8    investigate them.  How about this -- you took an 

 9    oath of office to protect the best interests of 

10    your constituents, their health, their safety, 

11    their financial well-being.  This is a part of 

12    101,000 people leaving the State of New York in 

13    the last census, about 3 million over the last 

14    three or four years, number one in outmigration.  

15                 How about if we pass my bill pending 

16    that says we ratify any rate increase that these 

17    commissioners you appointed in there say is 

18    justified.  Then you can stand up and say, Well, 

19    we need an investigation.  Or if you want to 

20    investigate you could say, yeah, we were 

21    responsible for that, if you vote for it.  Or you 

22    could say, Well, I didn't vote for that, and this 

23    is the reason why.

24                 Now, if you really want to solve 

25    this problem, pass my bill, put your name on it, 


                                                               1860

 1    and we'll do the job we were elected to do, not 

 2    faceless bureaucrats -- 

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 4    Tedisco, how do you vote?

 5                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   -- which you 

 6    blame them for the rate increases --

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Tedisco, how do you vote?

 9                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   But it's you, who 

10    were put here to protect --

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Tedisco, how do you vote?

13                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   -- their 

14    financial best interests.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

16    Tedisco to be recorded in the negative.

17                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   Madam Speaker, 

18    thank you very much --

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

20    the results.

21                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   -- for your 

22    leadership.  You look wonderful in that blue 

23    outfit today.  

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR TEDISCO:   It is blue, isn't 


                                                               1861

 1    it?  Oh, no, that was the other bill, color 

 2    blind.  

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

 5    Calendar 141, voting in the negative are 

 6    Senators Ashby, Borrello, Canzoneri-Fitzpatrick, 

 7    Chan, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, Lanza, Martins, 

 8    Mattera, Murray, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, 

 9    Palumbo, Rhoads, Stec, Tedisco, Walczyk, Weber 

10    and Weik.

11                 Ayes, 39.  Nays, 21.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

13    is passed.

14                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

15    reading of the controversial calendar.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   For the record, 

17    Madam President, your suit is not even blue.  

18                 (Laughter.)

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Maybe 

20    he's color blind.

21                 (Laughter.)

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Let's take up 

23    the supplemental calendar, please.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    Secretary will read.


                                                               1862

 1                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 2    674, Senate Print 3786, by Senator Felder, an act 

 3    to amend the Education Law.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Read the 

 5    last section.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

 7    act shall take effect immediately.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 9    roll.

10                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

12    Felder.

13                 Call the roll -- announce the 

14    results.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 60.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

17    is passed.

18                 Senator Gianaris.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

20    I think the members of this chamber know that 

21    today is Senator Felder's last day with us here 

22    in the Senate.  

23                 He has served for a little over 

24    12 years, if I'm not mistaken.  And, you know, 

25    the Senate has flipped sides in that time, and 


                                                               1863

 1    somehow Senator Felder has not served one day in 

 2    the Minority in this chamber.  

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   It's a unique 

 5    distinction.

 6                 But I will say that I appreciate 

 7    that he waited just a few extra months to leave, 

 8    because he served six years with the Republican 

 9    conference and six years and three months here 

10    with the Democratic Conference.  So I guess we've 

11    had him for longer than you have.  

12                 But we do I think all, on both sides 

13    of the aisle, appreciate his service, appreciate 

14    his good humor, his kindness, and all he has lent 

15    to this body as he embarks on a new chapter in 

16    his public service.  

17                 We're going to, by consent, give him 

18    a few moments to bid farewell to all of us.  So 

19    if you could please recognize Senator Felder.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

21    Felder.

22                 SENATOR FELDER:   Thank you.

23                 During the 12 years that I've been 

24    here, there were only two times that I spoke.  

25    Once, one session, was -- it was about the need 


                                                               1864

 1    to help special-needs children.  And the other 

 2    time was about the onerous bag tax.  

 3                 In addition, the Citizen -- I think 

 4    it's the Citizen Union, or one of the good 

 5    government groups, at one point for whatever 

 6    reason did a computation on each member, the 

 7    number of words each member said during the 

 8    session.  And I'd love you to guess who had the 

 9    most words -- if you'd get it right, 

10    Senator Krueger.  

11                 (Laughter.)

12                 SENATOR FELDER:   I won the least.  

13                 It seems that every session they 

14    said that you were compelled to say yes at the 

15    beginning of session when they said -- when they 

16    start a session.  

17                 So I'm going to make up for it 

18    today --

19                 (Laughter.)

20                 SENATOR FELDER:   -- if you don't 

21    mind.

22                 So Psalm 145 -- in Psalm 145 it 

23    says:  The Lord is good to all, and His mercies 

24    are in all His works.  

25                 About 25 years ago, the first time I 


                                                               1865

 1    ran for office, I asked a Holocaust survivor who 

 2    was a congregant in my father's synagogue if he 

 3    could please pray that I win the election.  And 

 4    he said, "Absolutely not."  He said that "I'll 

 5    pray that you get what's good for you, not that 

 6    you win the election."

 7                 And here I am, just wanting to 

 8    thank -- you know, and I hope -- I apologize to 

 9    anyone I left -- leave out -- is, you know, all 

10    the people that have really -- you know, that 

11    I've been able to have a wonderful relationship 

12    with and even laughed at the bad jokes that I 

13    made.

14                 So, you know, the people who run 

15    session all the time and, you know, really just 

16    get it moving, I thank -- I thank them.  

17                 You know, I -- I -- my -- my staff, 

18    Bryan Best and Peggy Germain; over the years, 

19    Jay Bove and Rodney Powis, and of course the 

20    entire staff in Brooklyn and my chief of staff, 

21    Judah Wohlgelernter, who -- so I -- they've been 

22    wonderful.  

23                 I'm not going to, you know, explain 

24    each thing why they're wonderful.  I'm just going 

25    to thank -- thank, you know, the people that I 


                                                               1866

 1    really appreciated having the relationship and 

 2    working with them.  

 3                 Of course Majority Leader 

 4    Stewart-Cousins and the leadership and her, you 

 5    know, staff that I work with and the leadership 

 6    of Senator Gianaris and all -- again, all the 

 7    staff, the Secretary of the Senate.  And, you 

 8    know, all the staff like getting extra garbage 

 9    cans or things like that, which in government is 

10    monumental.  

11                 The Sergeants-at-Arms were 

12    wonderful.  And I would just ask that we pray for 

13    Ben, who has been out and can use our prayers.  

14    You know, I've spoken to him a number of times.  

15    On one hand, you know, I pray that he gets well.  

16    On the other hand, he was too strict, really.  

17                 (Laughter.)

18                 SENATOR FELDER:   So we want him 

19    back, but softer.  

20                 (Laughter.)

21                 SENATOR FELDER:   We want him back 

22    softer.  

23                 I mean, Tim, who runs the lounge, 

24    I -- I don't think that I've ever gone into a 

25    fancy restaurant with -- as nice and 


                                                               1867

 1    accommodating.  And they give you shopping bags 

 2    even if you don't pay.  

 3                 (Laughter.)

 4                 SENATOR FELDER:   The messenger 

 5    service, I mean, they're just wonderful.  They -- 

 6    and they will tell you that.  

 7                 (Laughter.)

 8                 SENATOR FELDER:   It's just really, 

 9    really very nice.  

10                 I've had -- you know, we've had 

11    relationships with the custodians, who are like 

12    secret -- you know, if you're here late at night, 

13    you get to spend some of your time with them.  

14    And I would not in any way try to convince you 

15    that I was here late at night working.  But I did 

16    fall asleep on the couch one night, and the staff 

17    was gone.  And thank God one of the custodians 

18    came in, and I -- you know, I left.  I won't tell 

19    you what time.

20                 And of course all of you -- I know 

21    over the years many of -- many people who are 

22    not -- you know, have just -- who left.  It's 

23    been, you know, just wonderful in different ways.  

24    Somebody said to me, Will you miss being here?  

25    And I said, Absolutely not.  I will not miss 


                                                               1868

 1    being here.  But I will miss the people.  With -- 

 2    you know, without exception, I will miss the 

 3    people, all of you that I've spent some, you 

 4    know, time.  And if you haven't spent some time 

 5    with me, we can make an appointment to do so.  

 6                 (Laughter.)

 7                 SENATOR FELDER:   But it's -- 

 8    without exception, without exception, it's 

 9    been -- it's been wonderful working with you.

10                 So I just want to end by saying that 

11    my mother, may she rest in peace, passed away 

12    two, a little more than -- almost three years 

13    ago.  And she was 102.  

14                 And she used to wake up very early 

15    in the morning and pray.  And towards -- towards 

16    the end of her life, I used to see that when she 

17    was done praying, she, you know, sort of like 

18    added.  And I finally said to her, "Ma, what -- 

19    what did you say?"  She said, "I told God that 

20    it's enough, he should please take me."  Because 

21    she had a such a variety -- that's not the right 

22    word -- of ailments, she just wanted to -- as she 

23    said, It's time to check out.  

24                 That's what she -- and she asked -- 

25    she asked me and, you know, of course my siblings 


                                                               1869

 1    to pray as well.  I said, That I can't do.  

 2    Because despite the fact that I knew she was 

 3    suffering, there was no way that I would pray 

 4    that, you know, she'd leave.

 5                 She -- she very often would spend 

 6    time talking about the fact that it's critical 

 7    that if you love someone, to tell them you love 

 8    them.  It's not enough for that person to know, 

 9    especially, you know, in families and with 

10    children growing up, you know, physical -- a 

11    physical hug or something, of course, she used to 

12    say that's even better.  But if you can't manage 

13    that -- and I'm quoting her -- if you can't 

14    manage that, she'd say you have to tell people 

15    that you love them.  You must remember to tell 

16    them.  It's not enough to indicate or do things 

17    that show that you love them.

18                 So towards -- I would say it was 

19    three days before she passed away, she -- she had 

20    shut herself down.  That's what the doctor said 

21    to me.  She was -- her eyes were closed, she was 

22    not in coma.  She just didn't want to eat, didn't 

23    want to do anything.  And she remained -- her 

24    eyes remained closed.  No matter what I did, I 

25    could not get her to open her eyes or say 


                                                               1870

 1    anything.  And, you know, that was the situation.  

 2                 My oldest daughter, who I believe 

 3    was her favorite grandchild, even though I have 

 4    many siblings who will claim otherwise, you know, 

 5    about this.  But I believe that.  So my oldest 

 6    daughter, who lives in South Jersey, said she's 

 7    coming to see my mother, to visit my mother in 

 8    the hospital.  And I said absolutely not.  I did 

 9    not want her to see my mother in that condition, 

10    you know.  

11                 And she said, "No, I'm coming."  I 

12    said, "You know, it's one of the Ten 

13    Commandments."  She said "Too bad."  That's what 

14    she said, "Too bad, I'm coming."  And of course 

15    she did not listen, and she came.  And I said, 

16    "If you're coming, I don't want to be there when 

17    you're coming."  

18                 So about 10 minutes before she 

19    arrived, she called.  She said, "I'm 10 minutes 

20    away."  So I left.  I -- you know, I couldn't be 

21    there to watch her see my mother that way.

22                 Anyway, she called me from the 

23    hospital and she said, "Ta, I don't know what 

24    you're talking about.  I whispered into" -- 

25    "Bobe" is grandmother.  "I whispered into Bobe's 


                                                               1871

 1    ears, and I said, 'Hi, it's Teporah.  You know, 

 2    Daddy said that you won't open your eyes or talk.  

 3    But it's me.  You know, I know -- I know you're 

 4    going to talk to me."  That's what she said to 

 5    me -- to my mother.

 6                 And my mother opened her eyes and 

 7    looked right at her and said, "You don't -- you 

 8    don't really need me to do it, because you know, 

 9    I keep on telling everyone that you have to tell 

10    them you love them.  And you know how often I 

11    used to tell you how much I love you."  

12                 And my mother didn't have long 

13    conversations.  You'd say "How are you?"  And 

14    she'd usually say "Is everything all right?"  And 

15    that was the end of the conversation.  She would 

16    say "I love you, bye," and that was it.

17                 So she said -- says to my daughter 

18    that "You know how much I love you and how much I 

19    will always love you.  Even after I'm gone, don't 

20    forget that that's so."  

21                 My daughter called me and said, "Ta,  

22    I don't know what you're talking about.  I just 

23    had a long conversation with Bobe."  So of course 

24    I came running.  And I tried the same, but was 

25    not successful in getting her to say anything.


                                                               1872

 1                 So I -- I want to say to you that I 

 2    love you all, and I hope that God gives you what 

 3    you need.  Thank you.

 4                 (Sustained standing ovation.)

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 6    you, Senator.

 7                 Senator Gianaris.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there any 

 9    further business at the desk, Madam President?  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

11    no further business at the desk.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to 

13    adjourn until tomorrow, Thursday, April 10th, at 

14    11:00 a.m.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   On 

16    motion, the Senate stands adjourned until 

17    Thursday, April 10th, at 11:00 a.m. 

18                 Congratulations and best wishes, 

19    Senator Felder.  

20                 (Whereupon, at 1:27 p.m., the Senate 

21    adjourned.)

22

23

24

25