Regular Session - May 26, 2026

                                                                   5239

 1                NEW YORK STATE SENATE

 2                          

 3                          

 4               THE STENOGRAPHIC RECORD

 5                          

 6                          

 7                          

 8                          

 9                  ALBANY, NEW YORK

10                    May 26, 2026

11                     10:15 a.m.

12                          

13                          

14                   REGULAR SESSION

15  

16  

17  

18  SENATOR ROXANNE J. PERSAUD, Acting President

19  ALEJANDRA N. PAULINO, ESQ., Secretary

20  

21  

22  

23  

24  

25  


                                                               5240

 1                P R O C E E D I N G S

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    Senate will come to order.  

 4                 I ask everyone to please rise and 

 5    recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

 6                 (Whereupon, the assemblage recited 

 7    the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.) 

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   In the 

 9    absence of clergy, let us bow our heads in a 

10    moment of silent reflection or prayer.

11                 (Whereupon, the assemblage respected 

12    a moment of silence.)

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Reading 

14    of the Journal.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   In Senate, Monday, 

16    May 25, 2026, the Senate met pursuant to 

17    adjournment.  The Journal of -- 

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   May we 

19    have order in the chamber, please.

20                 THE SECRETARY:   The Journal of 

21    Sunday, May 24, 2026, was read and approved.  On 

22    motion, the Senate adjourned.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Without 

24    objection, the Journal stands approved as read.

25                 Presentation of petitions.


                                                               5241

 1                 Messages from the Assembly.

 2                 Messages from the Governor.

 3                 Reports of standing committees.

 4                 Reports of select committees.

 5                 Communications and reports from 

 6    state officers.

 7                 Motions and resolutions.

 8                 Senator Gianaris.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Good morning, 

10    Madam President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Good 

12    morning.

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Amendments are 

14    offered to the following Third Reading Calendar 

15    bills:  

16                 By Senator Gonzalez, page 15, 

17    Calendar 434, Senate Print 7263;

18                 Senator Skoufis, page 15, 

19    Calendar 435, Senate Print 4037B;

20                 Senator Myrie, page 31, 

21    Calendar 884, Senate Print 9960A;

22                 Senator Scarcella-Spanton, page 49, 

23    Calendar 1138, Senate Print 4922A;

24                 Senator Skoufis, page 53, 

25    Calendar 1181, Senate Print 5998B;  


                                                               5242

 1                 Senator Kavanagh, page 53, 

 2    Calendar 1183, Senate Print 8118A; 

 3                 Senator Skoufis -- I'm sorry, 

 4    Senator Kavanagh again, 1183 -- that's 

 5    duplicative.

 6                 Those, Madam President.  

 7                 (Laughter.)

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    amendments are received, and the bills will 

10    retain their place on the Third Reading Calendar.

11                 Senator Gianaris.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please call on 

13    Senator Lanza for a motion.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

15    Lanza.  

16                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you, 

17    Senator Gianaris.  

18                 Madam President, amendments are 

19    offered to the following Third Reading Calendar 

20    bills:

21                 Senator Stec, page 27, Calendar 784, 

22    Senate Print 9318B; 

23                 Senator Helming, page 61, 

24    Calendar 1256, Senate Print 10182. 

25                 I now move that these bills retain 


                                                               5243

 1    their place on the order of third reading.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    amendments are received, and the bills will 

 4    retain their place on the Third Reading Calendar.

 5                 Senator Gianaris.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   There will now 

 7    be an immediate meeting of the Rules Committee in 

 8    Room 332.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There 

10    will be an immediate meeting of the 

11    Rules Committee in Room 332.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   The Senate 

13    stands at ease.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    Senate stands at ease.

16                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

17    at 10:17 a.m.)

18                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

19    10:21 a.m.)

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    Senate will return to order.

22                 Senator Gianaris.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

24    there's a report of the Rules Committee at the 

25    desk.  Please take that up.


                                                               5244

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Secretary will read.

 3                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator 

 4    Stewart-Cousins, from the Committee on Rules, 

 5    reports the following bill:

 6                 Senate Print 10565, by 

 7    Senator Serrano, an act making appropriations for 

 8    the support of government.

 9                 The bill reports direct to third 

10    reading.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

12    the report of the Rules Committee.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

14    those in favor of accepting the report of the 

15    Rules Committee please signify by saying aye.

16                 (Response of "Aye.")

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

18    nay.

19                 (Response of "Nay.")

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    report of the Rules Committee is accepted.

22                 Senator Gianaris.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

24    the supplemental calendar.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5245

 1    Secretary will read.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 3    1327, Senate Print 10565, by Senator Serrano, an 

 4    act making appropriations for the support of 

 5    government.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

 7    message of necessity and appropriation at the 

 8    desk?

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

10    a message of necessity and appropriation at the 

11    desk.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to accept 

13    the message.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

15    those in favor of accepting the message please 

16    signify by saying aye.

17                 (Response of "Aye.")

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

19    nay.

20                 (Response of "Nay.")

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

23    house.

24                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 


                                                               5246

 1    is laid aside.

 2                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 3    reading of the supplemental calendar.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Let's 

 5    move right to the controversial calendar, please.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Secretary will ring the bell.

 8                 The Secretary will read.

 9                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

10    1327, Senate Print 10565, by Senator Serrano, an 

11    act making appropriations for the support of 

12    government.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

14    O'Mara, why do you rise? 

15                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  Would the sponsor yield for 

17    some questions?  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield? 

20                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Good morning, 

24    Senator.  I hope you had a nice Memorial Day 

25    weekend, and everybody else here as well.


                                                               5247

 1                 Here we are on the Tuesday after 

 2    Memorial Day, on May 26th.  The budget was due 

 3    many weeks ago.  Can you -- this is our 

 4    15th extender in this budget, and it takes us I 

 5    believe through Thursday of this week.  

 6                 Do you expect that we will have the 

 7    remaining budget bills completed by then?

 8                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President, yes, I do.

10                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

11    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, this 

19    extender I believe takes us to a total of 

20    authorized spending, since April 1st through 

21    Thursday, of $38 billion.  Is that about right?  

22                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  I have a slightly different 

24    number of 36.2 billion, but around that ballpark.  

25                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 


                                                               5248

 1    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

 2    yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.  

 8                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Do you have a 

 9    final total of what this budget, when finally 

10    approved, is going to add up to?  

11                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

12    Madam President, about $268 billion.

13                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you.

14                 Madam President, if the Senator will 

15    continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    Senator yield?  

18                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    Senator yields.

21                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, we've -- 

22    to my knowledge only have currently two of the 

23    remaining seven budget bills in print:  The 

24    Transportation, Economic Development and 

25    Environment bill, and the Health and 


                                                               5249

 1    Mental Health bill.

 2                 Are other ones in print yet, or are 

 3    they still being finalized?

 4                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  You're correct, Senator O'Mara, 

 6    those two bills are in print.  We are awaiting 

 7    prints on the other bills.  

 8                 But I do believe that we will have 

 9    all of that completed in short order.

10                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

11    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR O'MARA:   "In short order."  

19    Does that mean that we'll have all of the 

20    remaining budget bills in print today?

21                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, that's hard to say.  But I do 

23    believe that we will have the budget completed 

24    this week.

25                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you.  


                                                               5250

 1                 Madam President, if the Senator will 

 2    continue to yield.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield? 

 5                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Can you tell us 

 9    what remaining issues there are that are 

10    unresolved and still under negotiation?  

11                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  The bill before us is to ensure 

13    that we as a state can continue with our 

14    obligations, and it does bring us until Thursday.  

15    But by that time I believe and all of us within 

16    our conference here believe that we will have a 

17    final enacted budget completed.

18                 As far as different issues that are 

19    outstanding, those are being closed down.  Those 

20    have been widely reported as being taken care of.  

21    There are a number of issues that we will be 

22    dealing with in the bill today that is already in 

23    print, and those issues are -- those issues that 

24    were open obviously have been closed in that 

25    bill.


                                                               5251

 1                 But I have no further information 

 2    about any additional items that are not yet in 

 3    print.

 4                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you.  

 5                 Madam President, if the Senator will 

 6    continue to yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield? 

 9                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, there to 

13    date have not been any further joint budget 

14    conference committees.  Do you expect those 

15    conference committees to meet before these bills 

16    are finalized?  

17                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

18    Madam President, no.

19                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

21    yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield? 

24                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5252

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR O'MARA:   How is it, 

 3    Senator, that we can just disregard the 

 4    requirements in New York State law that we 

 5    utilize joint budget conference committees in 

 6    coming to final conclusion on the budget bills?  

 7                 SENATOR SERRANO:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  This has obviously been a long 

 9    process, longer than expected.  It's certainly 

10    not an easy process in dealing with a budget as 

11    complex and as large as New York State's budget, 

12    and with a lot of different moving parts, a lot 

13    of priorities, a lot of different things that we 

14    are all trying to do in this budget.  

15                 Certainly not a perfect process, but 

16    we are near the end.  And I feel confident that 

17    we will have a good budget that speaks to the 

18    needs of New Yorkers across our state.

19                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you.  Thank 

20    you, Senator.

21                 On the bill, Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    O'Mara on the bill.

24                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Therein lies the 

25    problem of this whole process.  Yes, it's been a 


                                                               5253

 1    long process.  Yes, there's been a lot at stake 

 2    and a lot of behind-closed-doors discussions.  

 3    Yet no joint budget conference committees, no 

 4    involvement in this budget process from the 

 5    rank-and-file members of this body.

 6                 It's not the way government was set 

 7    up to run.  We deserve better in this chamber.  

 8    All of us, our constituents, deserve better.  We 

 9    deserve to have the opportunity to present these 

10    final bills to the citizens of New York State to 

11    get their feedback, get their feedback during the 

12    constitutionally required three-day waiting 

13    period to take up any bill on this Senate floor.  

14                 Yet every budget bill so far has 

15    been done with a message of necessity, and I'm 

16    assuming all the rest of the budget bills are 

17    going to be done with a message of necessity, 

18    without waiting the three-day period.  

19                 We deserve better here in New York 

20    State, Madam President.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

22    you, Senator.  

23                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

24    to be heard?

25                 Seeing and hearing none, the debate 


                                                               5254

 1    is closed.

 2                 The Secretary will ring the bell.

 3                 Read the last section.

 4                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 15.  This 

 5    act shall take effect immediately.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Call the 

 7    roll.

 8                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Announce 

10    the results.

11                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

12    Calendar 1327, voting in the negative are 

13    Senators Rhoads and Weik.

14                 Ayes, 59.  Nays, 2.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

16    is passed.

17                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

18    reading of the controversial calendar.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 Returning to motions and 

22    resolutions, let's take up previously adopted 

23    Resolution 2068, by Senator Sanders, read its 

24    title and call on Senator Sanders, please.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5255

 1    Secretary will read.

 2                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 2068, by 

 3    Senator Sanders, commemorating the 

 4    50th Anniversary of the National Caucus of 

 5    Black State Legislators.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   

 7    Senator Sanders on the resolution.

 8                 SENATOR SANDERS:   Thank you, 

 9    Madam President.

10                 Even as the nation is mourning the 

11    loss of jazz great Sonny Rollins, I am here to 

12    speak to this resolution.

13                 This resolution commemorates the 

14    50th anniversary of the National Black Caucus of 

15    State Legislators.  Founded in 1977 by 

16    approximately 18 visionary lawmakers, the 

17    National Black Caucus of State Legislators was 

18    established to address the pressing needs of 

19    Black constituents and to counter barriers to 

20    full participation within traditional legislative 

21    organizations.  

22                 NBCSL has grown into a premier 

23    bipartisan nonprofit membership organization 

24    representing more than 700 African-American state 

25    legislators from across the United States, 


                                                               5256

 1    collectively giving voice to over 50 million 

 2    African-Americans.  

 3                 NBCSL is dedicated to promoting 

 4    educational, research and training initiatives 

 5    that equip its members to make informed decisions 

 6    on legislation and public policy affecting 

 7    Black communities and other underserved 

 8    populations.

 9                 Through its commitment to fostering 

10    collaboration, advancing model legislation, and 

11    encouraging the exchange of ideas and 

12    information, NBCSL legislators serve as a dynamic 

13    force for public policy innovation and effective 

14    governance.

15                 The organization operates as a 

16    strong and unified advocate for African-American 

17    state legislators and their constituents at the 

18    federal level and state level, while also 

19    strengthening the effectiveness of its members 

20    within their respective states.

21                 As the national vice president of 

22    the National Black Caucus of State Legislators, I 

23    am proud to join my colleagues in New York and 

24    throughout the nation who have contributed 

25    meaningfully to the mission and work of NBCSL, 


                                                               5257

 1    advancing policies that promote equity, justice 

 2    and opportunity for all New Yorkers.

 3                 The 50th anniversary of the 

 4    National Black Caucus of State Legislators marks 

 5    a significant milestone in its enduring legacy of 

 6    bipartisanship, legislation, advocacy, and 

 7    service, as well as its commitment to improving 

 8    the lives of African-Americans and underserved 

 9    communities nationwide.

10                 Never has it been more necessary for 

11    this organization to be in existence than the 

12    days that we find ourselves in.  And we look 

13    forward to working with this Legislature and 

14    legislators throughout the nation to improve this 

15    country.

16                 Thank you very much for this 

17    resolution.  I of course vote aye.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

19    you, Senator.

20                 The resolution was adopted on 

21    May 12th.

22                 Senator Gianaris.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Okay, at this 

24    time, Madam President, I do have a motion.  

25                 On behalf of Senator Sanders, I wish 


                                                               5258

 1    to call up Senate Print 6952B, recalled from the 

 2    Assembly, which is now at the desk.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    Secretary will read.

 5                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 6    779, Senate Print 6952B, by Senator Sanders, an 

 7    act to amend the Highway Law.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to 

 9    reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    Secretary will call the roll on reconsideration.

12                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

15    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

16    Calendar.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I offer the 

18    following amendments.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    amendments are received.

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please recognize 

22    Senator Lanza for a motion.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Lanza.

25                 SENATOR LANZA:   Thank you, 


                                                               5259

 1    Senator Gianaris.  

 2                 Madam President, I have amendments 

 3    to a bill recalled from the Assembly.  I wish to 

 4    call up Senator Borrello's bill, 7607C, recalled 

 5    from the Assembly, which is now at the desk.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Secretary will read.

 8                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 9    780, Senate Print 7607C, by Senator Borrello, an 

10    act to amend the Highway Law.

11                 SENATOR LANZA:   I move to 

12    reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    Secretary will call the roll on reconsideration.

15                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

16                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 61.

17                 SENATOR LANZA:   I now offer the 

18    following amendments.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

20    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

21    Calendar.  And your amendments are received.

22                 (Laughter.)

23                 SENATOR LANZA:   I now offer the 

24    following amendments.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Your 


                                                               5260

 1    amendments are received.

 2                 Senator Gianaris.

 3                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 4    just to edify my colleagues, we're going to pause 

 5    to have our Veterans Hall of Fame ceremony at 

 6    11:00 o'clock, after which we will return to 

 7    respective party conferences at 1:30.  And then 

 8    session is expect to resume at 3:00 p.m. 

 9                 So we will stand at ease until 

10    3:00 p.m.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    Senate will stand at ease until 3:00 p.m.

13                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

14    at 10:35 a.m.)

15                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

16    4:45 p.m.)

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    Senate will return to order.

19                 Senator Gianaris.

20                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Good afternoon, 

21    Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Good 

23    afternoon.

24                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I have a couple 

25    of motions here.  


                                                               5261

 1                 On behalf of myself, I wish to call 

 2    up Senate Print 1180B, recalled from the 

 3    Assembly, which is now at the desk.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    Secretary will read.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

 7    2092, Senate Print 1180B, by Senator Gianaris, an 

 8    act to amend the Environmental Conservation Law.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to 

10    reconsider the vote by which that bill was 

11    passed.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Secretary will call the roll on reconsideration.

14                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

17    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 

18    Calendar.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I offer the 

20    following amendments.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    amendments are received.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   On behalf the 

24    following members, amendments are offered to the 

25    following Third Reading Calendar bills:  


                                                               5262

 1                 By Senator Rivera, page 18, 

 2    Calendar 556, Senate Print 1911B; 

 3                 Senator Cleare, page 21, 

 4    Calendar 639, Senate Print 5665A; 

 5                 And Senator Baskin, page 44, 

 6    Calendar 1079, Senate Print 9538. 

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    amendments are received, and the bills will 

 9    retain their place on the Third Reading Calendar.

10                 Senator Gianaris.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Now let's take 

12    up previously adopted Resolution 1935, by 

13    Senator Cooney, read its title and call on 

14    Senator Cooney, please.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 1935, by 

16    Senator Cooney, memorializing Governor Kathy 

17    Hochul to proclaim August 15, 2026, as 

18    Indian Independence Day in the State of New York.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

20    Cooney on the resolution.

21                 SENATOR COONEY:   Thank you, 

22    Madam President.  

23                 I am introducing this resolution in 

24    honor of the 79th anniversary of the independence 

25    of India and the 77th anniversary of the 


                                                               5263

 1    Indian constitution, a time to celebrate 

 2    Indian independence and the many brave Indians 

 3    who risked their lives for the betterment of 

 4    their fellow countrymen.  

 5                 I want to start by recognizing some 

 6    of the dignitaries we have on the floor today:  

 7    We have the Deputy Consul General from New York, 

 8    Mr. Vishal Harsh, who is here.  

 9                 We have Dr. Vikram Dogra, the 

10    founder of the Dogra Art Foundation for 

11    South Asian Art, a prominent leader in our 

12    Rochester community who recently retired from the 

13    University of Rochester.  

14                 And members of our Indian community 

15    across New York State who are joining us in the 

16    gallery today, including my very young friend 

17    Arjun.

18                 India Independence Day is a day we 

19    celebrate not just in India but worldwide.  

20    Across the globe, Indians are making lasting 

21    impacts in their communities.  And this is an 

22    opportunity to join together and celebrate and 

23    reflect on our shared history, culture, and 

24    heritage.

25                 For nearly 200 years India was 


                                                               5264

 1    controlled by the British Empire.  But due to the 

 2    perseverance of our people and the leadership of 

 3    figures like Gandhi, a decades-long struggle for 

 4    independence finally culminated in the Indian 

 5    independence on August 15, 1947, and the adoption 

 6    of the constitution on November 26, 1949.  

 7                 The story of resiliency and the 

 8    fight for self-determination ties our two great 

 9    nations together.  It was that desire for civil 

10    and political rights that fueled independent 

11    movements both in the United States and in India, 

12    making our countries kindred spirits in the fight 

13    for independence and sovereignty.  

14                 Today the Indian diaspora in the 

15    U.S. is growing and ascending into leadership 

16    positions from tech giants like Google to 

17    New York City Hall.  

18                 This is an anniversary that also 

19    holds a special importance for me personally, 

20    especially this year as I look forward to 

21    welcoming my first-born son in just a couple of 

22    weeks, days, hours or minutes -- hopefully not 

23    minutes.  

24                 (Laughter.)

25                 SENATOR COONEY:   This body knows 


                                                               5265

 1    that I was adopted from an orphanage in Calcutta, 

 2    and throughout my life I've always worked hard to 

 3    maintain a strong connection with India and 

 4    Indians across New York.  That connection 

 5    continues today as we honor these milestones of 

 6    Indian independence.  

 7                 So congratulations to the Indians 

 8    across the world who will be celebrating this 

 9    year.  And thank you to our friends from the 

10    Indian Consulate for being here to represent 

11    Indians across New York State.

12                 Madam President, I vote aye.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

14    you, Senator.

15                 Senator Gianaris.

16                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

17    before we continue on this resolution let's call 

18    an immediate meeting of the Finance Committee in 

19    Room 332, to operate simultaneously with the 

20    ongoing session.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There 

22    will be an immediate meeting of the Finance 

23    Committee in Room 332.  

24                 Senator Ramos on the resolution.

25                 SENATOR RAMOS:   Thank you, 


                                                               5266

 1    Madam President.  

 2                 And thank you to my seatmate 

 3    Senator Jeremy Cooney for introducing this 

 4    resolution.

 5                 I too want to honor the 

 6    extraordinary contributions of the 

 7    Indian American community to New York, and of 

 8    course to my home borough of Queens.  

 9                 And when I think about those 

10    contributions, I think about 74th Street in 

11    Jackson Heights.  I think about the sari shops 

12    glowing with color late into the evening, the 

13    jewelry stores that generations of families have 

14    visited for weddings and celebrations, and of 

15    course the smell of fresh chai and pani puri on 

16    the corner -- and of course the legendary 

17    Jackson Diner, which helped introduce generations 

18    of New Yorkers to Indian cuisine and became a 

19    cultural institution in its own right.  

20                 For decades 74th Street has been one 

21    of the great gateways of immigrant New York, a 

22    place where families built businesses, created 

23    community, and transformed Jackson Heights into 

24    one of the most vibrant neighborhoods anywhere in 

25    the world.  


                                                               5267

 1                 And while the Indian community in 

 2    Jackson Heights may not be as large as it once 

 3    was, the strength of its cultural and commercial 

 4    legacy remains unmistakably.  You can still feel 

 5    it in the music, the language, the festivals, the 

 6    storefronts, and the life of the avenue itself.  

 7                 And I want to especially recognize 

 8    the 74th Street Merchants Association for helping 

 9    sustain that corridor and preserve the energy and 

10    identity that make it so special.

11                 Indian Independence Day reminds us 

12    not only of the triumph of self-determination, 

13    but also of the enduring contributions of the 

14    Indian diaspora across the world, including in 

15    Queens.

16                 So today we celebrate India's 

17    independence, the resilience of immigrant 

18    communities, and the generations of Indian 

19    New Yorkers who help build Queens and New York 

20    today and always.

21                 I vote aye.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

23    you, Senator.

24                 Senator Addabbo on the resolution.

25                 SENATOR ADDABBO:   Thank you, 


                                                               5268

 1    Madam President.  

 2                 I too want to thank Senator Cooney 

 3    for the resolution recognizing and celebrating 

 4    India's independence, and to honor the 

 5    Indian American community in my district in 

 6    Queens.  Queens has one of the largest 

 7    populations of Indian Americans in the state.  

 8                 And so to my areas of Richmond Hill, 

 9    South Richmond Hill, Ozone Park, South Ozone 

10    Park, I want to say thank you for their 

11    contributions there.  

12                 The India independence is truly a 

13    celebration.  It's a symbol of freedom and 

14    diversity and resilience and opportunity for 

15    Indian Americans.

16                 Gandhi once said that the future 

17    depends on what we do in the present.  The future 

18    depends on what we do in the present.  That 

19    message of Gandhi is an inspiration for Indian 

20    Americans today, for future generations too.  

21    Because, again, them coming here, the Indians 

22    coming here and celebrating their independence is 

23    truly a sign of them acclimating into our area, 

24    becoming part of our community.  

25                 And I want to thank and welcome our 


                                                               5269

 1    guests, and I vote yes on this resolution.  

 2                 Madam President, thank you.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 4    you.

 5                 Senator Zellner on the resolution.

 6                 SENATOR ZELLNER:   Thank you, 

 7    Madam President.  

 8                 Thank you, Senator Cooney, for 

 9    bringing this forward, this resolution 

10    recognizing India's Independence Day.  

11                 And welcome to our honored guests as 

12    well.

13                 I'm proud to rise in support to  

14    recognize so many of the Indian American families 

15    who make the 61st District such a vital place to 

16    be.  

17                 The Indian American community is 

18    woven into the fabric of our everyday life in the 

19    61st District.  At the University at Buffalo, one 

20    of the largest public universities in our region, 

21    you see students from India studying alongside 

22    their peers, along with faculty and professionals 

23    who are part of the broader campus community.  

24                 Across Western New York, in our 

25    hospitals, in our schools and small businesses, 


                                                               5270

 1    they are part of the workforce that keeps things 

 2    moving day to day.  

 3                 And in Amherst, Williamsville and 

 4    the surrounding communities, they're our 

 5    neighbors, raising families here, working in 

 6    critical professions, and helping shape the 

 7    character of our region.  

 8                 As India marks almost 80 years of  

 9    independence, it's a moment to reflect on the 

10    meaning of that -- freedom, self-determination, 

11    and what it takes to build and sustain a 

12    democracy.  So I want to thank Senator Cooney 

13    again.  

14                 Thank you, Madam President.  I vote 

15    aye.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

17    you, Senator.

18                 Senator Stavisky on the resolution.

19                 SENATOR STAVISKY:   Thank you, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 And welcome to our friends who have 

22    joined us today.  

23                 And thank you to Senator Cooney, 

24    because there were a number of issues that he 

25    brought up.  And as I was listening to it and to 


                                                               5271

 1    my colleagues, it hit home.  

 2                 I used to represent 74th Street many 

 3    years ago when I was first elected to the 

 4    Senate -- and yes, the Jackson Diner.  But it's 

 5    more than that.  It's the culture.  It's the 

 6    exuberance, the small business people.  And today 

 7    I represent many people from India.  

 8                 But I used to represent also 

 9    Flushing.  And I spent many, many hours at the 

10    Hindu Temple of North America, because each year 

11    they would have a commemoration, about this time 

12    of the year, of the relationship not just between 

13    our countries, but about the leaders of our 

14    nations.  And there was always the theme of 

15    Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., and 

16    every year -- and I think Nelson Mandela.  

17                 And the theme is very clear, and 

18    that is of nonviolence, of working together, of 

19    peace and prosperity.  

20                 So I welcome our friends.  And as I 

21    said, I'm proud to represent so many people who 

22    have come to the United States, achieved so much, 

23    whether it be in science and technology, all of 

24    the arts, et cetera.

25                 And let us continue our tradition of 


                                                               5272

 1    friendship.  What we have in common is more than 

 2    what separates us, and that is independence from 

 3    Great Britain.  We did it 250 years ago; India 

 4    did it in 1947.

 5                 So again, we share so much, and let 

 6    us continue that relationship.

 7                 Thank you, Madam President.  I vote 

 8    aye.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

10    you, Senator.

11                 Senator Rhoads on the resolution.

12                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 And I want to thank Senator Cooney 

15    for bringing forward today's resolution and for 

16    it coming to the floor.  

17                 I thought there was a chance -- 

18    Indian Independence Day is August 15th; I thought 

19    there was a chance we might still be in session 

20    August 15th.  Thankfully we're not.  

21                 But I do want to rise to recognize 

22    and celebrate Indian Independence Day and honor 

23    the vibrant Indian American community.  It's such 

24    an important part of the Fifth Senate District.  

25                 President Ronald Reagan had said the 


                                                               5273

 1    special thing about America is that in America 

 2    our origins matter less than our destinations.  

 3    Where we came from matters less than where we're 

 4    going together.  And I think no one represents 

 5    that better certainly in the Fifth Senate 

 6    District than the Indian American community.  

 7                 I'm proud to represent a district 

 8    that is enriched by a dynamic and growing Indian 

 9    population whose culture, traditions and 

10    entrepreneurship and community spirit really 

11    strengthen our neighborhoods every single day.  

12                 And from spectacular cultural 

13    celebrations like the annual India Day Parade 

14    that draws thousands of Indian Americans and all 

15    members of our community to our district on 

16    Long Island, to the incredible work of the 

17    organizations like the India Association of 

18    Long Island, which promotes and celebrates the 

19    rich heritage and traditions of India through 

20    education and community engagement, the impact of 

21    this community is truly extraordinary.

22                 And over the four years that I've 

23    had the opportunity to represent the 5th Senate 

24    District, I've had the privilege of attending 

25    Diwali gatherings, holy celebrations, India Day 


                                                               5274

 1    festivities and many other cultural celebrations 

 2    that showcase the pride, unity and traditions of 

 3    the Indian American community that embodies the 

 4    values that resonate deeply with all of us -- the 

 5    importance of family, of hard work, or 

 6    perseverance, of individual freedoms, helping one 

 7    another, and a commitment to making our 

 8    communities stronger for future generations.  

 9                 Those values are reflected every 

10    single day in the countless Indian American 

11    business owners, restaurateurs, entrepreneurial 

12    titans, professionals, healthcare professionals 

13    and community leaders who contribute so much to 

14    our local economy and to our civic life.  

15                 To all those celebrating, I wish you 

16    a very happy India Independence Day, and I am 

17    proud to report such a vibrant, hardworking and 

18    inspiring Indian American community.  

19                 Thank you, Senator Cooney, again.  

20                 And I am proud to vote aye.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

22    you, Senator.  

23                 Senator Martins on the resolution.

24                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

25    Madam President.  


                                                               5275

 1                 You know, we've heard from many of 

 2    our colleagues regarding this resolution.  And 

 3    certainly there are large Indian American 

 4    communities throughout New York State.  But there 

 5    cannot be a full discussion of the 

 6    Indian American communities in New York State 

 7    without including the North Shore of 

 8    Nassau County in the 7th Senate District, 

 9    Madam President.  

10                 Communities like New Hyde Park, 

11    Herricks, Manhasset Hills, where so many have 

12    called those communities home.  They have become 

13    integral to our communities, not only 

14    participating as business owners and civic 

15    leaders, but also academically excelling in our 

16    schools.  They truly are the path to the future.

17                 So I want to echo many of the 

18    sentiments from my colleagues but also recognize 

19    that as we are celebrating nearly 80 years of 

20    independence for India, it is now the most 

21    populous country in the world.  And how great is 

22    it that when we start to compare democracies and 

23    opportunities that exist between our great 

24    countries, that it really boils down to an 

25    understanding of freedom, self-sufficiency, 


                                                               5276

 1    responsibility.  

 2                 And so how great is it also that we 

 3    have those ties between New York State and the 

 4    great country of India as represented through 

 5    those members of the Indian American community 

 6    that choose to live here in New York.

 7                 I am thankful to the sponsor for the 

 8    resolution, and I am proud to vote aye.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

10    you, Senator.

11                 Senator Liu on the resolution.

12                 SENATOR LIU:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 You know, when you hear that it's 

15    the 79th anniversary of the independence of 

16    India, people kind of compare it to our 

17    independence anniversary, 250 years, India's 

18    79 years.  Madam President, India's been around 

19    thousands of years.  It's been a civilization, 

20    it's been a country, it has been a model of 

21    democracy for actually a lot longer than our 

22    country.  

23                 But we celebrate the contributions 

24    of Indian Americans to our communities right here 

25    in New York and in the United States.  It's 


                                                               5277

 1    already been said so many times they've 

 2    contributed so much to the vitality of our 

 3    communities and our state.  

 4                 Senator Stavisky talked about the 

 5    Hindu Temple Society of North America, where we 

 6    annually do celebrate the parallels between what 

 7    Mahatma Gandhi taught and the teachings of 

 8    Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., as well as 

 9    Nelson Mandela.  So there's a lot to celebrate.

10                 But I also want to celebrate one 

11    thing here, which is this dude right here.  The 

12    first Indian American elected to the Legislature 

13    outside of the New York City area, Senator Jeremy 

14    Cooney.  Let's give a hand clap, please.

15                 (Applause.)

16                 SENATOR LIU:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President, for not ruling us out of order.  

18                 But Senator Cooney represents -- and 

19    he really -- I know he's mortified right now, so 

20    that's why I'm enjoying this much more.

21                 (Laughter.)

22                 SENATOR LIU:   He represents really 

23    the diversity and the strength of the AAPI 

24    community in all parts of New York State.  

25                 And I also remind all of our 


                                                               5278

 1    colleagues here that a couple of years ago we 

 2    passed legislation that marks Diwali, arguably 

 3    the most important holiday to many Indian 

 4    Americans, or many Indians around the world, as a 

 5    public school holiday in all New York City 

 6    schools.  Senator Cooney says we've got to make 

 7    that a statewide holiday.  

 8                 And so with that, Madam President, 

 9    thank you for indulging my outbursts.  

10                 And thank you, Senator Cooney, for 

11    this wonderful resolution.

12                 Thank you.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

14    you, Senator.  

15                 To our guests in the chamber, 

16    Deputy Consul General Vishal Harsh, Dr. Dogra, 

17    and our guests in the gallery, I welcome you on 

18    behalf of the Senate.  We extend to you the 

19    privileges and courtesies of this house.  

20                 Happy Independence.  

21                 Please rise and be recognized.

22                 (Standing ovation.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

24    Gianaris.

25                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 


                                                               5279

 1    there is a privileged resolution at the desk by 

 2    Majority Leader Stewart-Cousins.  Please take 

 3    that up, read its title, and begin by recognizing 

 4    Senator Scarcella-Spanton.  

 5                 I want to point out for my 

 6    colleagues that we have agreed that 

 7    Senator Scarcella-Spanton and Senator Ashby will 

 8    be the only members speaking on this resolution.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

10    a privileged resolution at the desk.

11                 The Secretary will read.

12                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 2203, by 

13    Senator Stewart-Cousins, honoring the 

14    distinguished veterans from the State of New York 

15    upon the occasion of their induction into the 

16    New York State Senate 2026 Veterans Hall of Fame.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

18    Scarcella-Spanton on the resolution.

19                 SENATOR SCARCELLA-SPANTON:   Thank 

20    you, Madam President.

21                 It is truly an honor today to 

22    recognize the brave men and women who have been 

23    added to the Veterans Hall of Fame.  

24                 I want to especially thank 

25    Majority Leader Stewart-Cousins for giving me 


                                                               5280

 1    this honor of being able to speak about it at 

 2    today's session.  

 3                 Today's event was just absolutely 

 4    amazing.  I have to say every year I look forward 

 5    to this.  I actually do go through the book and 

 6    read people's biographies, see the history, if 

 7    they were in -- we had World War II veterans in 

 8    today, someone as old as 104.  Just think about 

 9    the amount of history that they have seen and 

10    that they have experienced.  

11                 We read about veterans who helped 

12    with suicide prevention, veteran homelessness, 

13    people who have worked at the VA.  

14                 And of course I have to recognize my 

15    own honoree, Mr. Robin Dana Blocker, who was in 

16    the United States Navy.  And he was discharged as 

17    a Specialist E4 rank.  

18                 Currently Mr. Blocker is the 

19    president of the 369th Veterans Association on 

20    Staten Island.  He's truly an amazing addition to 

21    today's Veterans Hall of Fame.  

22                 I also wanted to recognize -- I know 

23    Senator Lanza's honoree, a fellow Staten 

24    Islander, is here in the gallery with us, Jamie, 

25    who is a U.S. Marine Corps veteran.  Thank you 


                                                               5281

 1    for your service.  

 2                 But truly I say it is an honor of my 

 3    lifetime to be able to serve as the Veterans 

 4    chair.  And we should not just thank you for your 

 5    service, but also show it with the policies we 

 6    put forward.  Which is something that everybody 

 7    in this room, whether you are a Democrat or a 

 8    Republican, everybody in between, can agree on.  

 9                 So thank you for this honor.  Thank 

10    you for your service, for those who are still 

11    here.  I appreciate you all.  

12                 And I proudly vote aye.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

14    you, Senator.

15                 Senator Ashby on the resolution.

16                 SENATOR ASHBY:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 Thank you to Chairwoman 

19    Scarcella-Spanton, along with 

20    Leader Stewart-Cousins and Leader Ortt, for 

21    today's ceremony.  

22                 And thank you to the staff who put 

23    together an amazing ceremony that really 

24    transcended generations, with the sacrifice and 

25    service of so many, and with humor as well.  


                                                               5282

 1    There was a lot going on in today's ceremony.

 2                 But what struck me the most was the 

 3    generational contributions that we get to 

 4    witness, from the Battle of the Bulge to Baghdad, 

 5    and how it continues on.  And that doesn't happen 

 6    by accident.  That happens because of the lasting 

 7    remembrance.  And it's the meaning of those 

 8    sacrifices that continues to drive us on and work 

 9    for a better today and tomorrow because of our 

10    veterans.

11                 I proudly vote aye.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

13    you, Senator.

14                 To our guests, the veterans who are 

15    still here, and to the ones who have already 

16    left, we thank you for your service.  We 

17    appreciate the sacrifices that you've made on our 

18    behalf that we can all stand here today.

19                 I extend to you the privileges and 

20    courtesies of this house.  

21                 Please rise and be recognized again.

22                 (Standing ovation.)

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   And now 

24    the question is on the resolution.  

25                 All those in favor signify by saying 


                                                               5283

 1    aye.

 2                 (Response of "Aye.")

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 4    nay.

 5                 (No response.)

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    resolution is adopted.

 8                 Senator Gianaris.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   And now let's 

10    move on to previously adopted Resolution 2102, by 

11    Senator May, read its title and call on 

12    Senator May.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Resolution 2102, by 

16    Senator May, commemorating the 50th Anniversary 

17    of InterFaith Works of Central New York.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

19    May on the resolution.

20                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

21    Madam President.  

22                 We are joined here by Chris Foley, 

23    the president and CEO of InterFaith Works, and 

24    Sonali McIntyre, communications manager, and 

25    Jennie Prouty, community engagement manager.


                                                               5284

 1                 InterFaith Works was founded in 1976 

 2    as the Syracuse-Area Interreligious Council.  It 

 3    was founded by faith and civil rights leaders who 

 4    believed that religious communities could bridge 

 5    racial and religious divides together.

 6                 This year it celebrates 50 years of 

 7    its service to the community.  And in that time, 

 8    it has grown into one of Central New York's 

 9    primary institutions for refugee resettlement, 

10    racial equity, elder care, and interfaith 

11    dialogue.

12                 Through the Center for 

13    New Americans, InterFaith Works has resettled 

14    hundreds of refugees annually and provided 

15    post-settlement services to nearly 2,000 new 

16    Americans per year, including employment, 

17    housing, English language classes, medical case 

18    management, mental health services, and 

19    immigration assistance.  

20                 The Trump administration's 

21    restrictions on refugee admissions have halted 

22    new arrivals for now, but the people already here 

23    still need employment support, legal assistance, 

24    and community connection.

25                 Because InterFaith Works continued 


                                                               5285

 1    such work during the first Trump administration, 

 2    Syracuse was first in line to receive refugees 

 3    when our country came back to its roots in 2021 

 4    and began admitting refugees once again.

 5                 Thanks to InterFaith Works, we had 

 6    the infrastructure, we had the muscle memory to 

 7    be welcoming to newcomers, and this was a key 

 8    reason why our population has grown in recent 

 9    years, because we were accepting refugees right 

10    along.

11                 In addition to refugee resettlement, 

12    InterFaith Works is the umbrella to multiple 

13    other efforts, including the El-Hindi Center for 

14    Dialogue & Action, the longest-standing 

15    community-wide dialogue on racism in the country; 

16    the Center for Healthy Aging; and the Roundtable 

17    of Faith Leaders.

18                 InterFaith Works' model is not 

19    charity, it is civic infrastructure.  It treats 

20    religious and moral communities as active 

21    partners in governance and public life, and it 

22    models this principle in its own structure.  

23                 The 72 employees are every bit as 

24    diverse in their experience and backgrounds as 

25    the populations they serve.


                                                               5286

 1                 Fifty years in, this organization 

 2    represents what local institutions can do when 

 3    they take seriously both the diversity and the 

 4    dignity of the people they serve.  That is worth 

 5    not just commemorating, but protecting and 

 6    supporting.  

 7                 I ask everyone here to join me in 

 8    congratulating InterFaith Works on 50 years of 

 9    making Central New York and our whole society a 

10    better place.

11                 Thank you.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

13    you, Senator.

14                 To our guests from InterFaith Works, 

15    congratulations on your 50th anniversary.  I 

16    welcome you on behalf of the Senate.  We extend 

17    to you the privileges and courtesies of this 

18    house.

19                 Please rise and be recognized.

20                 (Standing ovation.)

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    resolution was adopted on May 19th.

23                 Also, Resolution 1935 was adopted on 

24    April 28th.

25                 Senator Gianaris.


                                                               5287

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

 2    there's a report of the Finance Committee at the 

 3    desk.  Let's take that up, please.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    Secretary will read.

 6                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger, 

 7    from the Committee on Finance, reports the 

 8    following bill:  

 9                 Senate Print 9008C, Budget Bill, 

10    enacts into law major components of legislation 

11    necessary to implement the State Transportation, 

12    Economic Development and Environmental 

13    Conservation Budget for the 2026-2027 state 

14    fiscal year.

15                 The bill reports direct to third 

16    reading.

17                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to accept 

18    the report of the Finance Committee.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

20    those in favor of accepting the report of the 

21    Finance Committee please signify by saying aye.

22                 (Response of "Aye.")

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

24    nay.

25                 (Response of "Nay.")


                                                               5288

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    report of the Finance Committee is accepted.

 3                 Senator Gianaris.

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please take up 

 5    the reading of the supplemental calendar.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Secretary will read.

 8                 There is a substitution at the desk.  

 9    The Secretary will read.

10                 THE SECRETARY:   Senator Krueger 

11    moves to discharge, from the Committee on 

12    Finance, Assembly Bill Number 10008C and 

13    substitute it for the identical Senate bill 

14    9008C, Third Reading Calendar 1328.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   

16    Substitution so ordered.

17                 The Secretary will read.

18                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

19    1328, Assembly Bill Number 10008C, Budget Bill, 

20    an act to amend Part U1 of Chapter 62 of the Laws 

21    of 2003.  

22                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there a 

23    message of necessity at the desk?

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   There is 

25    a message of necessity at the desk.


                                                               5289

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to accept 

 2    the message.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   All 

 4    those in favor of accepting the message please 

 5    signify by saying aye.

 6                 (Response of "Aye.")

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Opposed, 

 8    nay.

 9                 (Response of "Nay.")

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    message is accepted, and the bill is before the 

12    house.

13                 SENATOR LANZA:   Lay it aside.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The bill 

15    is laid aside.

16                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

17    reading of the supplemental calendar.  

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Please go to the 

19    reading of the controversial calendar.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    Secretary will ring the bell.

22                 The Secretary will read.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

24    1328, Assembly Bill Number 10008C, Budget Bill, 

25    an act to amend Part U1 of Chapter 62 of the Laws 


                                                               5290

 1    of 2003.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 3    Walczyk -- 

 4                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   As a reminder, 

 5    we're going to be doing the whack-a-mole style of 

 6    debating again.  So if the members of the 

 7    Minority can identify which part they're 

 8    debating, I can direct it to the appropriate 

 9    member.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

11    Walczyk, why do you rise?

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

13    I hope someone would answer some questions on 

14    Part S.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Part S would be 

16    Senator Harckham.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

18    Harckham, do you yield?  

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    Senator yields.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  So currently if a municipality 

24    buys one of Elon Musk's Teslas they can get a 

25    $7500 rebate from New York State.  


                                                               5291

 1                 What does this proposal increase 

 2    that rebate amount to?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President, they can also buy a Chevy 

 5    Equinox, they can buy a Ford Mustang, they can 

 6    buy a Ford F-150.  

 7                 What this will do is increase the 

 8    amount from -- 7500?  Yeah -- from 7500 to 

 9    $30,000 in terms of repayment.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

11    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

12    yield.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    Senator yield?  

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    Senator yields.  

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   That new increase 

19    of a $30,000 dollar rebate for an electric 

20    vehicle that's purchased by a municipality, is 

21    that paid out of the EPF, the Environmental 

22    Protection Fund?

23                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, it is not paid through the EPF.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 


                                                               5292

 1    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield?

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?

 5                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Which fund is 

 9    that paid out of?

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  That is through NYSERDA.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

13    would the sponsor continue to yield?  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?  

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    Senator yields.  

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  So that would be ratepayers 

21    paying for rebates up to top $30,000 in order for 

22    municipalities to buy the litany of electric 

23    vehicles that you've described?

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

25    Madam President, correct.


                                                               5293

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.

 2                 Madam President, briefly on the 

 3    bill.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 5    Walczyk on the bill.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   We have enough 

 7    costs built into ratepayers' bills already.  

 8    New Yorkers can't afford their energy bills 

 9    today.  They don't need to be paying $30,000 for 

10    some municipalities that for some reason want to 

11    go out and buy electric vehicles.  

12                 If you happen to live in one of 

13    those municipalities that loves to tax people in 

14    order to buy EVs, congratulations.  They don't 

15    have to do so on the backs of ratepayers that 

16    already can't afford their bills.

17                 And with that, Madam President, I 

18    would ask someone to yield on Part III.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

20    that would be Senator Parker.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   

22    Senator Parker, do you yield?  

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    Senator yields.


                                                               5294

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  

 3                 People who sign up to give utilities 

 4    control -- if people sign up to give their 

 5    utilities control of their thermostats, they'll 

 6    get a bill credit in this case, is that what 

 7    you're proposing here?  

 8                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President, yes.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

11    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

12    yield?  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield? 

15                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

19    Madam President.  How would that bill credit get 

20    paid for?  Is that coming into the next rate case 

21    in order to give them a credit?  Or how is that 

22    credit paid for?

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

24    through you.  Currently there is an appropriation 

25    of $33 million, which then turns into that 


                                                               5295

 1    $25 per month payment to each ratepayer.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 3    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 4    yield?  

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 6    sponsor yield? 

 7                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, ma'am.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 9    sponsor yields.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Where does that 

11    appropriation sit?  I'm sure -- maybe that's in a 

12    later budget bill.  Which fund is that out of?

13                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

14    through you.  It's through each locality's -- it 

15    hasn't become live yet, so you haven't -- that's 

16    why you haven't seen it yet.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

18    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

19    yield?

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

23    Madam President.  

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    Senator yields.


                                                               5296

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you.  

 2                 And so someone will sign up for one 

 3    of these thermostats that then the utility has 

 4    control over.  And I understand from reading the 

 5    language here, based on extreme cold and extreme 

 6    heat, they'll actually be able to change the 

 7    temperature in someone's home if they've 

 8    subscribed to this program.  

 9                 How is extreme cold and extreme heat 

10    defined for the utilities?

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

12    it's going to be defined by DPS via a proceeding.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

14    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

15    yield?

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do in fact 

19    yield.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So the Department 

23    of Public Service is really in charge of making 

24    sure that there is safe, reliable, affordable 

25    energy for New Yorkers.  Not necessarily, you 


                                                               5297

 1    know, they -- I'm sure they do a little bit of 

 2    weather forecasting over there.  

 3                 But what energy load would they 

 4    consider or affordability would they consider 

 5    when making these decisions?  Or does that not 

 6    have to be a part of making the decision for 

 7    extreme heat or cold at all?

 8                 (Pause.)

 9                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

10    they will consider all of those factors in the 

11    context of the proceeding.  They've already done 

12    a percentage on extreme heat, and so that 

13    certainly could be used as data within the 

14    context of the decisions they make going forward.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

16    Madam President.  

17                 Would someone yield on Part PP?  

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   What part is 

19    that?  Is that PP?

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   PP, 

21    yeah.  

22                 (Laughter.) 

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   That is still 

24    Senator Parker.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   


                                                               5298

 1    Senator Parker, do you yield?  

 2                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do yield, 

 3    Madam President.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    Senator yields.

 6                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  Is Micron building a natural 

 8    gas turbine?  

 9                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, no.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

12    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield? 

16                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   What's the 

20    purpose of this section?  

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

22    they are building some emergency generation.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

25    yield?  


                                                               5299

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.  

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  What type of emergency 

 6    generation?  

 7                 SENATOR PARKER:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, diesel.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield?  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield?  

14                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And this bill 

18    would exempt the diesel generating facility from 

19    Article X?

20                 (Pause.)

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

22    through you.  There already exists an exemption 

23    for this purpose.

24                 However, the particular generation 

25    that Micron is doing exceeds the limit.  And so 


                                                               5300

 1    this is essentially to create essentially a 

 2    variance to allow them to opt into the 

 3    existing -- the existing exemption that exists.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield?

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 8    sponsor yield?

 9                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

10    Madam President, I do yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

14    Madam President, how many megawatts will this 

15    diesel generating facility that's exempted from 

16    Article X be?  

17                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

18    through you, 295 megawatts combined.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

21    yield?  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?  

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5301

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  And this is still considered a 

 4    Green CHIPS site?

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 6    through you, correct.

 7                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  

 9                 I would ask someone to yield on 

10    Part P.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   That's one P 

12    this time?  Also Senator Parker.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    Senator yield?  

15                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

16    Madam President, I yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    Senator yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 In this section you're asking 

22    utilities to collect data on people's incomes to 

23    determine what they can afford to pay.  Is that 

24    right?

25                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 


                                                               5302

 1    through you.  That is something that can be done, 

 2    but it's not necessarily compulsed to do that 

 3    specific procedure.

 4                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 6    yield?

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?  

 9                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do yield.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

13    Madam President.  

14                 You're appointing a special monitor 

15    through the Public Service Commission in order to 

16    determine income eligibility and index incomes 

17    based on an affordability index to be considered 

18    in rate cases, as I understand it.  Am I reading 

19    your language correctly?  

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   No, 

21    Madam President, that's not what happens here.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               5303

 1    sponsor yield?

 2                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do yield.  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, what happens here?

 7                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 8    through you.  

 9                 What happens with the special 

10    monitor is -- essentially what we are proposing 

11    in this legislation is that if in fact there is 

12    determined to be something that -- a utility is 

13    in fact exceeding costs in that way, a monitor 

14    can be assigned and then that monitor over the 

15    course of the year would make a set of 

16    recommendations to lower costs and maintain the 

17    service to ratepayers.

18                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

19    would the sponsor continue to yield?  

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

21    sponsor yield?  

22                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So through you, 


                                                               5304

 1    Madam President.  So this doesn't require 

 2    utilities in any way to collect people's income?  

 3                 (Pause.)

 4                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 5    through you.  

 6                 The monitor will in fact, you know, 

 7    create a index and can look at tiers.  But it's 

 8    not a requirement of going through and making 

 9    sure that they know every single ratepayer's 

10    income.

11                 But an understanding of what the 

12    ratepayer income is within the context of the 

13    service area is necessary in order to make the 

14    proper determinations around affordability in 

15    that particular service zone.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

17    would the sponsor continue to yield?  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield?  

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.  

24    Through you, Madam President.  

25                 Yeah, and that's -- I appreciate the 


                                                               5305

 1    clarification.  So will that be census tract data 

 2    that they're pulling down from somewhere else?  

 3    Or will the utilities be expected, under this 

 4    monitor, to collect income data from specific 

 5    customers?  

 6                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 7    through you.  We don't necessarily determine the 

 8    modality and the methodology that's used by the 

 9    monitor to derive that information.

10                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.

11                 Madam President, would someone yield 

12    on Part W?

13                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   That would be 

14    Senator Baskin.

15                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Oh, I'm sorry, 

16    Part VV, which looks like a W the way that I 

17    wrote it down.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Ah.  You know, 

19    in Spanish it's "doble ve," which means double V, 

20    actually.  

21                 Okay, Part VV would in fact be 

22    Senator Harckham.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    Senator yield? 

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I do.


                                                               5306

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Senator yields.

 3                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.  

 4    Through you, Madam President.  

 5                 In 2006 Al Gore said we had 10 years 

 6    to address the planetary emergency or we would 

 7    reach the point of no return.  Can you explain 

 8    the science behind the 10 years' extension of the 

 9    CLCPA that's proposed in this bill today?

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  I don't know that there was 

12    necessarily as much science as there was a desire 

13    to get out from under a lawsuit.

14                 So we have not seen the scientific 

15    calculations on this.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Madam President, 

17    would the sponsor continue to yield?  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    sponsor yield? 

20                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  

25                 So no science went into the 10-year 


                                                               5307

 1    calculation, this was just based on a legal 

 2    issue?  Is there a lawsuit that we expect to be 

 3    settled within the next decade?

 4                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  As widely publicly reported, 

 6    the Governor was sued by a group of environmental 

 7    organizations for not having followed a law that 

 8    was passed in the '22 budget on cap-and-invest.  

 9                 The Governor lost that lawsuit and 

10    then has publicly said she needed relief from the 

11    lawsuit.  And so this is largely a response to 

12    that.  

13                 I would say that it was probably 

14    realistic to say that some of the emissions 

15    targets might not have been met in the short 

16    term.  Other targets were ahead of schedule.  For 

17    instance, the solar target was well ahead of 

18    schedule.  

19                 But no, there was no scientific 

20    calculation that we have seen to result in the 

21    10-year change.

22                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

24    yield?  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               5308

 1    sponsor yield? 

 2                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

 6    Madam President.  

 7                 The cost estimate for implementation 

 8    of cap-and-invest under current law was an 

 9    additional $4100 in annual energy costs for 

10    upstate residents and $2300 for residents in 

11    New York City, along with an extra 2.23 on the 

12    price of a gallon of gas.  

13                 I don't need to rehash the NYSERDA 

14    memo that we've talked about here today, but they 

15    did provide us some insight as to what it could 

16    cost New Yorkers to see that implementation.  

17                 Has that been updated?  What will 

18    this cost over this time period for New Yorkers?  

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 First, with all due respect, I 

22    reject the premise of the NYSERDA memo as the 

23    Holy Grail.  The NYSERDA memo was not a policy 

24    document.  The NYSERDA memo was a political 

25    document designed to scare people.  If you look 


                                                               5309

 1    at the numbers that were used in the NYSERDA 

 2    memo, they used a price per carbon that was five 

 3    times higher than the price in California.  So 

 4    California is about $37 per ton.  The NYSERDA 

 5    memo quoted a price of over $175 per ton.  

 6                 Nowhere in anyone's wildest 

 7    imagination was it foreseen that New York would 

 8    implement a program five times higher than the 

 9    cost of California's.

10                 So I just want to -- through you, 

11    Madam President -- make the record clear that 

12    there are many of us who pushed back on the 

13    so-called NYSERDA memo that others have sort of 

14    hung their hat on but many of us reject the 

15    validity of.

16                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

18    yield?  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.  

24                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

25    Madam President.  So if NYSERDA's memo was a 


                                                               5310

 1    political memo, fine.  What does your policy memo 

 2    say that it's going to cost New Yorkers to 

 3    implement this?

 4                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Well, through 

 5    you, Madam President, there is no cap-and-invest 

 6    program right now.  

 7                 Under this legislation, the 

 8    cap-and-invest regulations will be promulgated in 

 9    2028.  And so that is the time when the 

10    regulations will be promulgated.  There will be a 

11    cost analysis that will go along with that.  

12                 But what should be kept in mind for 

13    a cap-and-invest program, especially a 

14    well-designed cap-and-invest program, is there 

15    will be a cap on the cap price.  That is 

16    reasonable to hold costs down.  There will be 

17    rebates to low- and moderate-income ratepayers.  

18    There will be industries who will be protected.  

19                 So for instance, energy-intensive 

20    industries like the steel industry, where there 

21    are no -- not yet commercially viable 

22    non-carbon-based smelters.  I believe there's one 

23    in the world, in Europe, that just first came 

24    online.  But we want to protect those jobs.  We 

25    want to keep the aluminum industry and the steel 


                                                               5311

 1    industry here in New York State.  Those folks 

 2    will be protected as well.

 3                 However, it's up to NYSERDA and DEC 

 4    between now and 2028 to promulgate those rules, 

 5    and that was what the lawsuit was over.  So this 

 6    is giving them three more years' time to do the 

 7    calculations, to come up with the least impactful 

 8    plan, but then also plan that we can begin having 

 9    revenue to invest into our economy to decarbonize 

10    the economy and create good-paying jobs as well.

11                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   And through you, 

12    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

13    yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?  

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   So New Yorkers 

20    for Clean Air have estimated that this will cost 

21    about $57 billion in the next 10 years.  I think 

22    that's a pretty conservative estimate.  The 

23    Governor has said just in the last few years 

24    we've spent $88.7 billion in New York on green 

25    energy projects.


                                                               5312

 1                 Is there any estimate that you have 

 2    that you could communicate to taxpayers and 

 3    ratepayers in the State of New York for how much 

 4    this is going to cost them?  

 5                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President.  The Climate Action Task Force 

 7    did calculations this will be saving New Yorkers 

 8    $130 billion over the life of the program, 

 9    compared to not doing anything.  

10                 The public health costs are real and 

11    significant.  The infrastructure costs are real 

12    and significant.  I use the example of just one 

13    intersection in my district.  And forgive me, but 

14    I've said this on the floor before.  The 

15    Annsville Circle was just raised at a cost of 

16    $25 million.  It had to be raised 8 feet because 

17    the Hudson River at high tide constantly floods 

18    there as a result of sea level rise.  That's one 

19    intersection in one Senate district in one 

20    community.  

21                 So the costs we are paying are real.  

22    The home insurance costs are primarily driven by  

23    catastrophic losses and storm damage -- mostly in 

24    other states, some in New York State.  So we are 

25    paying costs right now.  


                                                               5313

 1                 So to pretend that investing in 

 2    improving our health and our economy is somehow a 

 3    burden as opposed to a benefit, depends on which 

 4    side of the aisle you are on.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 7    yield?  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?  

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Absolutely.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  You said somewhere around 

15    $150 billion in savings.  But, I mean, on the 

16    ratepayer side, what can ratepayers expect to pay 

17    for energy over the next 10 years or pay for 

18    energy investments while they're saving all of 

19    this money on healthcare and other ancillary 

20    things that people probably -- 

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Well, through 

22    you, Madam President.  Thank you for the 

23    question.  

24                 I would suggest a few things.  One, 

25    through energy efficiency programs, when we use 


                                                               5314

 1    less energy we are paying for less energy.  When 

 2    we're using electric vehicles, which you 

 3    disparaged in our previous discussion, you are 

 4    saving money.  All right?  

 5                 Senator May and I were just talking 

 6    about how we are paying, with our electric 

 7    vehicles, less than a third of what we did to gas 

 8    our vehicles.  And that was before the Strait of 

 9    Hormuz closed and prices skyrocketed.  

10                 So I'm probably paying a quarter of 

11    what I used to spend on gasoline in my car.  That 

12    is a real savings that other folks will have.

13                 Heat pumps are far more efficient 

14    and cost-effective than propane or oil or natural 

15    gas.  So there are real savings.

16                 Secondly, by investing in clean 

17    energy -- as we've discussed before, 

18    Madam President -- a kilowatt of clean energy, 

19    especially solar, is less expensive than a 

20    kilowatt of fossil fuel energy.  

21                 And part of what we talk about, and 

22    I'm sure there will be some questions later in 

23    this debate, elements of the ASAP Act have been 

24    in there.

25                 There is a group that did an 


                                                               5315

 1    analysis of the ASAP Act that says if New York 

 2    gets up to 20 gigs of distributed solar, we will 

 3    be saving ratepayers a billion dollars annually.  

 4    That's a real, comprehensive, concrete savings 

 5    that our ratepayers in New York State will see.  

 6    And that's just from this one aspect of solar, 

 7    just from distributed solar, not from the 

 8    utility-scale solar.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield?  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield? 

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  Earlier you said that the 

19    decision to push back the CLCPA by 10 years 

20    wasn't based on science.  Based on that, are you 

21    going to be supporting this legislation today?

22                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

23    Madam President.  I will be voting for this bill 

24    today.  

25                 But my job here today is to answer 


                                                               5316

 1    questions Senators may have on the legislation 

 2    before us, as opposed to what I favor or what I 

 3    don't favor.  But I will be voting for this 

 4    legislation today.

 5                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you.  

 6                 Madam President, on the bill.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 8    Walczyk on the bill.

 9                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Subsidies aren't 

10    actually saving anyone money.  The subsidies come 

11    from ratepayers or taxpayers.  You can say, Well, 

12    they saved this person money, yes.  But that 

13    person got it from everybody else.  

14                 And I mean no offense to my 

15    colleague, but nobody in New York State believes 

16    that the direction that you're headed in energy 

17    policy is going to save them money.  They've seen 

18    this experiment happen over the last seven years, 

19    and they've only seen their bills skyrocket to be 

20    70 percent higher than the national average.

21                 And the answer here:  All right, 

22    kick the can down the road a little bit more, but 

23    keep on trucking.  

24                 New Yorkers don't want what you're 

25    selling.


                                                               5317

 1                 Thank you, Madam President.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 3    Harckham on the bill.

 4                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President, just very briefly on the bill.  

 6                 When we talk about the price of 

 7    energy in New York, let's be very clear.  NYSERDA 

 8    has said the rate spikes in utility prices in 

 9    New York have been caused by the price of natural 

10    gas.  Not renewables.  

11                 The New York State Independent 

12    System Operator has said very clearly the rise in 

13    utility prices is because of the spike in the 

14    price of natural gas, not renewables.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

16    you, Senator.

17                 Senator Mattera, why do you rise?

18                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Yes, thank you, 

19    Madam President.  Would the sponsor yield for 

20    some questions on VV?  

21                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   VV is still 

22    Senator Harckham.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator, 

24    do you -- 

25                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   He still yields.


                                                               5318

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Senator yields.

 3                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Senator, who has 

 4    the appointments on the commission right now with 

 5    the Blue Ribbon Commission?  Who will be doing 

 6    the appointments?

 7                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, that's Part TT.

 9                 SENATOR MATTERA:   I'm sorry, 

10    Part TT.  I'm sorry about that.

11                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Okay, that would 

12    be Senator Parker.

13                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Senator Parker.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator, 

15    do you yield?  

16                 SENATOR PARKER:   Of course I yield 

17    for Senator Mattera.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    Senator yields.

20                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Sorry about that.  

21                 The Blue Ribbon Commission, who has 

22    the appointments on this commission?  

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

24    through you, the majorities and the Governor.

25                 SENATOR MATTERA:   And through you, 


                                                               5319

 1    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield, please?  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield?  

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do yield.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    sponsor yields.

 8                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Is there a reason 

 9    why, Senator, that the minority leaders of the 

10    Senate and the Assembly do not have any 

11    appointments at all?

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

13    that's how it was negotiated.

14                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President, would the sponsor still continue 

16    to yield?  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?  

19                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.  

22                 SENATOR MATTERA:   And that wasn't 

23    negotiated at all?  That means that in other 

24    words, that we have a minority leader and we 

25    have -- in both houses.  And do you feel that 


                                                               5320

 1    that is right that we do not have any kind of -- 

 2    anybody that is there that's going to be 

 3    responsible for any kind of interviews, resumes 

 4    to move forward?

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 6    through you.  

 7                 I was not involved specifically in 

 8    this part of the negotiation.  It is, you know, 

 9    what was negotiated between the majorities and 

10    the Governor.  And I'd suggest that if there are 

11    questions, that they direct it to the Governor.

12                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

13    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

14    yield, please?  

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield?  

17                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

18    Madam President.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.  

21                 SENATOR MATTERA:   This bill creates 

22    a nine-member rates commission task force to 

23    study skyrocketing utility costs and names the 

24    Long Island Power Authority as an entity that 

25    must turn over data.  


                                                               5321

 1                 You know, looking at the appointment 

 2    structure, the Governor gets five picks, the 

 3    Senate gets two, and the Assembly gets two, with 

 4    zero requirements for the several members who 

 5    actually live on, represent and understand the 

 6    unique captive ratepayer structure of Long 

 7    Island, where I live.  

 8                 Given that Long Islanders 

 9    historically pay some of the highest electricity 

10    bills in the entire country, how can the sponsor 

11    justify creating a so-called blue ribbon panel 

12    that completely shuts out guaranteed, dedicated 

13    seats for Long Island consumer advocates like 

14    union leaders of utility unions?  Just like, you 

15    know, not-for-profit energy companies like IPPNY 

16    and New York Affordable Energy?  These people, 

17    they're experts.  

18                 So what kind of -- again, what kind 

19    of people that we -- what kind of members that 

20    are going to be part of this commission are going 

21    to be qualified?  And again, nobody on our side, 

22    the Minority is not going to get a look at it.  

23    We have experts that can't be part of any kind of 

24    organization.  So where are we finding these 

25    people?


                                                               5322

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 2    two points to answer my colleague's question.

 3                 The first of which is that the 

 4    appointment structure of this Blue Ribbon 

 5    Commission follows the appointment structure of 

 6    like 99.9 percent of the appointment structures 

 7    of commissions in the State of New York.  And 

 8    literally having been here 24 years, I never 

 9    heard of this complaint when my colleagues on the 

10    other side of the aisle were in the Majority.

11                 And so this is pattern and practice 

12    and, you know, is the way that, again, 

13    commissions have been structured for a very long 

14    time in this state.

15                 I would also point out, as my second 

16    point, that in both majorities, in the Assembly 

17    and Senate, there are members from Long Island.  

18    And those members are more than capable and 

19    qualified to pick members of this Blue Ribbon 

20    Commission that can represent the views and 

21    provide the expert information that is needed to 

22    make proper decisions.

23                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

24    Madam President, can I have the sponsor for VV 

25    now, please.  


                                                               5323

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 2    Harckham, you're up.  Do you yield?  

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I do.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Thank you so 

 7    much.

 8                 Senator, why is it that this is 

 9    extending the deadline to reduce greenhouse gas 

10    emissions by 40 percent from 2030 to 2040?

11                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  The Governor felt she needed 

13    more time to reach those objectives.  

14                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?  

19                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    sponsor yields.

22                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Senator, why are 

23    affordability protections only being emphasized 

24    now instead of when the original CLCPA law was 

25    passed?


                                                               5324

 1                 Will this bill lower our ratepayer 

 2    bills right away?  You know, right now, you know, 

 3    since the CLCPA has been passed, our rates have 

 4    gone up over 100 percent in certain areas in 

 5    New York State.  And everybody can sit there and 

 6    say, Senator, like you said before, it's part of 

 7    doing business.  

 8                 What are we doing to help our 

 9    ratepayers?  And how is the -- right now, this 

10    change that everybody's blaming the Governor, so 

11    that means that this side of the aisle had no say 

12    at all?  Everything's with the Governor, picks 

13    for appointments?  

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   If the Senator 

15    would care to hear a response, or is he on the 

16    bill?  

17                 SENATOR MATTERA:   No.

18                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   You don't care 

19    to hear a response?  

20                 SENATOR MATTERA:   No, response, 

21    please.  I want to hear a response.

22                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, I never said this is business as 

24    usual.  I never said that.

25                 Through you, Madam President, both 


                                                               5325

 1    NYSERDA and others have said that because we have 

 2    not yet implemented CLCPA, it is not responsible 

 3    for cost increases.  That is also an unfounded 

 4    accusation.

 5                 In the pre-memo, back in 2023, 

 6    before regs were supposed to come, 30 percent of 

 7    a cap-and-invest program were supposed to go 

 8    directly back to ratepayers, as I had mentioned 

 9    before, to low- and moderate-income ratepayers, a 

10    portion was supposed to go to small businesses.  

11    And as I said, a portion was to go to energy 

12    efficiency to save homeowners, landlords, 

13    business owners, money on their utility bills.  

14    That is the intent of a cap-and-invest program.  

15                 We also spoke of the ASAP program, 

16    elements which will be contained in this budget, 

17    restarting NY-Sun, which will create 15,000 jobs 

18    for electrical workers and laborers and, at the 

19    same time, will lower New York's utility bills by 

20    a billion dollars annually when it's fully 

21    implemented.  

22                 So yes, there are elements of this 

23    that will directly save ratepayers money.  

24                 The problem with our utility 

25    rates -- and I've said it before, I'll say it 


                                                               5326

 1    again -- is the high mix of natural gas in our 

 2    energy portfolio.  States like Texas and others 

 3    that have much lower rates have a higher 

 4    proportion of renewables.  

 5                 Yes, they still have nuclear, they 

 6    still have natural gas, as we will have for years 

 7    to come.  But it's developing that balance, 

 8    Madam President, to lower the cost.

 9                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

10    Madam President, would the sponsor continue to 

11    yield?  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

13    sponsor yield? 

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

15                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So -- so, 

16    Senator, you're telling me that --

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator, 

18    the sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR MATTERA:   I'm sorry.  

20    Sorry, Madam President.

21                 So, Senator, are you telling me that 

22    in other words since wind -- all the investment 

23    that we've had so far, wind, solar and battery 

24    storage, has cost trillions of dollars right now.  

25    That only creates what percentage, 12 percent of 


                                                               5327

 1    our energy?  You're going to say, How did they 

 2    get paid for?  

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President, we have not spent anywhere near 

 5    trillions of dollars in New York State on --

 6                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Close to it.

 7                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   -- on clean 

 8    energy.  That's just simply a fabrication.  

 9                 Our wind, all of our wind, with the 

10    exception of one project, has been put on hold 

11    because of the president.  Much of battery 

12    storage has been stymied by local opposition.  

13                 The one successful area has been 

14    solar.  The CLCPA called for 6 gigs of 

15    distributed solar.  We have created well beyond 

16    8 now, which was why the push to go for 20.  That 

17    was the one thing that is working.  It's the one 

18    thing that is creating jobs.

19                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

21    yield, please?

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5328

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR MATTERA:   It's trillions.  

 3    That's what it's costing us right now to do wind, 

 4    solar, and battery storage.  We put all our eggs 

 5    in one basket.  

 6                 Is the change and endorsement of the 

 7    necessity of the NESE and the Constitution 

 8    pipelines, since they will be able to deliver 

 9    clean natural gas directly to our residents -- my 

10    question is, you keep on mentioning that -- in 

11    other words, having that NESE gas pipeline coming 

12    in, Senator, with taking off 60 percent of the 

13    trucks, 7 pounds of CO2 a mile, are you sitting 

14    there saying that natural gas, that there's 

15    already data saying it's going to save $6 billion 

16    to have that pipeline, especially the 

17    NESE pipeline, coming to Long Island, my area 

18    where I am -- so are you saying, in other words, 

19    that that's not a savings that we're going to 

20    have for our utility ratepayers?  

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

22    Madam Pipeline -- 

23                 (Laughter.)

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Not pipeline.  

25    Through you, Madam President.  


                                                               5329

 1                 Through you, Madam President, the 

 2    bill before us is silent on the NESE pipeline.  

 3    This bill does not address anything in the 

 4    NESE pipeline.  The NESE pipeline applied for its 

 5    approvals, it got approvals from DEC.  It will 

 6    happen.  There's nothing in this legislation that 

 7    speaks to the NESE pipeline.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thanks 

 9    for breaking the tension, Senator.

10                 SENATOR MATTERA:   Through you, 

11    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

12    yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?  

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    Senator yields.

18                 SENATOR MATTERA:   So I wish you 

19    would have answered that.  We always had our nice 

20    talks about this, about the pipeline.  You know, 

21    we need a plan and not a ban.  And again, it will 

22    save $6 billion alone for that pipeline to be 

23    coming into.  Now we need the Constitution.

24                 Are the changes in the bill an 

25    acceptance of reality?  And if so, are we not 


                                                               5330

 1    going back to square one with the full repeal of 

 2    the CLCPA that has cost our ratepayers billions 

 3    already?  Meaning, do you feel that in other 

 4    words this is just a Band-Aid fix right now?  And 

 5    that's how this is.  All this is is a Band-Aid 

 6    fix.  It's an election year, and you -- 

 7    everybody's saying here in this chamber, blaming 

 8    the Governor, blaming the Governor.  But there's 

 9    no blame here because, guess what, we're going to 

10    see how people are going to be voting for this 

11    today in this chamber, how members are going to 

12    be voting.  

13                 So my question too, do you feel that 

14    we should do a full repeal and start from 

15    square one?  

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, I do not.

18                 But this is not a full repeal.  What 

19    this bill does -- and a lot of talk about it, but 

20    let's just be very clear.  What this does is it 

21    eliminates the 2030 target, replaces it with a 

22    slightly more stringent target for 2040, up to 

23    60 percent in emissions reduction.  And then the 

24    normal -- the normal in 2050.

25                 So this is a modification of the 


                                                               5331

 1    CLCPA.  This is not a wholesale repeal, as was 

 2    suggested.

 3                 SENATOR MATTERA:   On the bill, 

 4    please.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 6    Mattera on the bill.

 7                 SENATOR MATTERA:   And thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  Thank you, Senator Parker and 

 9    Senator Harckham.

10                 To all New Yorkers, everybody needs 

11    to know that right now this bill -- this is 

12    hurting, and it's a Band-Aid fix.  And I know 

13    it's a Band-Aid fix because it's an election year 

14    and everybody knows that.

15                 Everybody is sick and tired of being 

16    gouged in their pocketbooks.  And this has been 

17    happening since the inception of the CLCPA.  The 

18    CLCPA put us in danger by costing all ratepayers 

19    more money with the utility bills.  Right now 

20    NYSERDA has $2.4 billion -- again, with a B -- in 

21    their account.  And it's amazing that nothing is 

22    being released that we didn't see so far in this 

23    budget, nothing at all to help out those 

24    1.6 million ratepayers that right now can't pay 

25    their bills because of everything is so 


                                                               5332

 1    expensive.  

 2                 Keep on blaming the federal 

 3    government.  This was way -- this was from -- the 

 4    Biden administration started all this.

 5                 Again, I am so proud that we do have 

 6    the NESE pipeline that's coming in.  We proved it 

 7    to the Governor also that we're going to take 

 8    60 percent of the trucks off the roadways, 

 9    7 pounds of CO2 a mile -- 60 percent.  

10                 The PSC, Rory Christian -- anybody 

11    wants to give him a call, he'll tell you that 

12    it's a necessity that we have natural gas.  Wind, 

13    solar and battery storage is not going to do it.  

14    It is not going to give us enough.  Yes, 

15    nuclear's down the road.  I love that we have 

16    thermal energy.  Very important.  

17                 This conference, our conference, 

18    cares about renewable energy.  We care about the  

19    genvironment.  But at what cost?  I say it all 

20    the time, we need to retool our existing power 

21    plants, especially on Long Island.  Carbon 

22    capture.  Right now Caithness II, over 50 percent 

23    carbon-free.  That will happen with the NESE 

24    pipeline coming in.

25                 Back in the day, with Governor Cuomo 


                                                               5333

 1    and the environmentalists wanted to make sure 

 2    that that NESE pipeline wasn't coming in -- but 

 3    again, we had to prove the point that it's a 

 4    necessity again.  And to make sure it's going to 

 5    save our ratepayers over $6 billion when that is  

 6    a -- 2.3 million homes and businesses will 

 7    benefit from that pipeline.  

 8                 The Constitution will be next.  It 

 9    is necessity, everybody here.  Wind, solar and 

10    battery storage is not going to do it.  Nuclear 

11    will be 15 to 20 years down the road.  That is 

12    not doing it.  We need to worry about today.  We 

13    need to care about our ratepayers.  

14                 And this did nothing.  This is 

15    another Band-Aid fix just like putting congestion 

16    pricing on pause, and after the election press 

17    play.  That's exactly what's happening here.  It 

18    is nothing but a Band-Aid fix.  

19                 Thank you, Madam President.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

21    you, Senator.

22                 Senator Borrello, why do you rise?

23                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Well, 

24    Madam President, would the sponsor yield for a 

25    question on VV, Victor Victor.


                                                               5334

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 2    Harckham, do you yield?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   I do.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.

 6                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President.  Senator Harckham, do you 

 8    consider climate change to be an existential 

 9    crisis?  

10                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  Personally I do, yes.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  Will the sponsor continue to 

14    yield?

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

16    sponsor yield?

17                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So with that 

21    said, is the purpose of the CLCPA to reduce 

22    global greenhouse gas emissions?

23                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

24    Madam --

25                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   The New York 


                                                               5335

 1    contribution, I should say.

 2                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  The CLCPA is quite honestly 

 4    about -- as much about public health as it is 

 5    about carbon or methane.  You know, because 

 6    carbon and methane are co-pollutants.  

 7                 And for instance, in New York 

 8    1200 New Yorkers die prematurely every year from 

 9    respiratory ailments due to air pollution.  Tens 

10    of thousands of our children have unnecessary 

11    asthma and respiratory and developmental 

12    difficulties due to their proximity to the 

13    burning of extensive amounts of fossil fuel.

14                 People think of the counties I 

15    represent -- Westchester, Rockland, Putnam -- as 

16    bucolic places.  Our counties get an F from the 

17    American Lung Association for air quality.

18                 So the CLCPA is as much about public 

19    health as it is about air quality.

20                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

21    will the sponsor continue to yield?  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?  

24                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5336

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You know, I 

 3    would agree with you also in the sense that, you 

 4    know, we live downwind from other states and 

 5    Canada where they are producing fossil fuels -- 

 6    and, by the way, supplying them to New York State 

 7    in a greater number than they ever have before.  

 8                 So with that being said, why would 

 9    this bill exempt fossil-fuel power that is being 

10    imported into New York State from the emissions 

11    calculations for New York State?  It's being 

12    done.  It's being generated to supply New York 

13    State with power.  So why are we exempting that 

14    power from our greenhouse gas emission 

15    calculations?

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

17    Madam President.  It's interesting to hear, 

18    because we have heard in prior debates from the 

19    other side of the aisle where we've been 

20    criticized, or the policies have been criticized 

21    that we were counting and accounting for 

22    out-of-state emissions as opposed to in-state 

23    emissions.

24                 However, having said that, the 

25    ultimate goal, Senator, to your point is we want 


                                                               5337

 1    to produce as much as we can in-state.  And 

 2    that's where wind, when we can get back to a 

 3    reasonable national wind policy, and solar 

 4    contribute.  Because we are not dependent upon 

 5    other states and their fossil fuels.  We're not 

 6    dependent upon geopolitical events and wars, 

 7    either in Ukraine or the Persian Gulf.  

 8                 And so the more renewables that we 

 9    can generate here in New York, the more energy 

10    independence we will have from those other 

11    states, to your very point.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

13    will the sponsor continue to yield? 

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?  

16                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   But again, that 

20    doesn't answer my question as to why you're 

21    exempting that.  

22                 I understand -- if we're on a path 

23    to increase so-called clean energy, renewable 

24    energy, nuclear power, then why not just continue 

25    to calculate in the dirty power that we're 


                                                               5338

 1    importing so as to incentivize that changeover?  

 2    No?

 3                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  We do.  Because we are not 

 5    exempting greenhouse gases for power generation.  

 6    It's the other forms that we are exempting from 

 7    the calculation.

 8                 But from -- for utility generation, 

 9    for electrical generation, we are not exempting 

10    that.

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

12    will the sponsor continue to yield.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So if we're 

19    importing power from Ontario, Canada, if we're 

20    importing power from Pennsylvania and Ohio, that 

21    power is coming in as electricity.  How it's 

22    generated in Pennsylvania or wherever else, 

23    you're saying that that's still going to count 

24    against our greenhouse gas emissions?

25                 (Pause.)


                                                               5339

 1                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Thank you.  If I 

 2    may, Madam President, paragraph 13, line 8 

 3    (reading):  Statewide greenhouse gas emissions 

 4    means the total amount of emissions of greenhouse 

 5    gases produced within the state from 

 6    anthropogenic sources and greenhouse gases 

 7    produced outside of the state that are associated 

 8    with the generation of electricity imported into 

 9    the state.  Statewide emissions shall be 

10    expressed in tons of carbon dioxide equivalents.

11                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

12    will the sponsor continue to yield?

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes, 

16    Madam President.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   So how is this 

20    going to help us reduce greenhouse gas emissions 

21    if we're going to continue to import power?  

22                 Because if we're not going to have 

23    more baseload power here in New York State and 

24    we're going to continue to rely on, you know, 

25    wind and solar, which really is not going to meet 


                                                               5340

 1    the need -- it's only single digits that we're 

 2    providing right now -- aren't we just going to 

 3    have to continue to rely on importing more power?  

 4    Which, by the way, is probably going to cost us 

 5    more money than generating it here.  

 6                 Why wouldn't we just generate better 

 7    energy here, cleaner, lower emission energy here 

 8    than importing power from other states?

 9                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

10    Madam President.  That is the plan to generate 

11    cleaner renewable energy right here in the state.  

12    That's exactly the plan.

13                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

14    will the sponsor continue to yield?

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

16    sponsor yield? 

17                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.  

20                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Well, what I'm 

21    saying is, is that then shouldn't we just not be 

22    importing power from other states?  

23                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  We have economic realities 

25    where we have a certain level of power that we 


                                                               5341

 1    need to make.

 2                 In fact, you know, the New York 

 3    Independent System Operator, in one of their 

 4    power projections, was talking about a potential 

 5    shortfall for New York City as early as this 

 6    summer.  And so hydropower was contracted from 

 7    Canada.  A cable called the CHPE pipeline came 

 8    down through the Hudson, came ashore in Rockland 

 9    County, through my district, Senator Weber's 

10    district, and then went back into the Hudson.  

11                 And that just recently connected 

12    into the grid full power, and that will address 

13    some of New York City's reliability concerns for 

14    the next several years out.  

15                 So -- so we're doing exactly what 

16    you're talking about, Senator.

17                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

18    will the sponsor continue to yield?

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.  

24                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You mentioned 

25    earlier in a previous debate that the reason that 


                                                               5342

 1    our electricity prices are so much higher is 

 2    because of the high price of natural gas.  

 3                 Yet you cited Texas.  Well, Texas, 

 4    48 percent of their electricity is generated 

 5    through natural gas.  Ours is 39 percent.  And 

 6    yet our rates are about 70 percent higher than 

 7    the national average.  

 8                 Pennsylvania is about -- we're about 

 9    40 percent higher than Pennsylvania, who also has 

10    a reliance on natural gas of more than 

11    50 percent.  So how could those that are actually 

12    using more national natural gas to generate 

13    electricity have much lower electricity prices?

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

15    Madam President.  With all due respect, Senator, 

16    we have not seen numbers like that for Texas.  

17    So I --

18                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   You can Google 

19    it.  I just did.

20                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   No, I appreciate 

21    that.  I appreciate the numbers.  But the -- you 

22    know, the facts are that's what NYSERDA, that's 

23    what the New York Independent System Operator are 

24    reporting.  

25                 And because, you know, they also -- 


                                                               5343

 1    for instance, Texas has domestic sources of gas.  

 2    We're buying power on the spot market.  We don't 

 3    have natural gas here in New York.  So we are 

 4    paying more of a commodity price than Texas is.

 5                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

 6    will the sponsor continue to yield?  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 8    sponsor yield?  

 9                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Yes.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

11    sponsor yields.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   I'll have to 

13    disagree with you.  I'm from Fredonia, New York, 

14    which is the site of the very first natural gas 

15    well.  We have tremendous amounts of natural gas 

16    in Western New York, one of the highest reserves 

17    in the country.

18                 And we would have even more --

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator, 

20    are you on the bill.

21                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   I'm asking a 

22    question, but I'm -- it's a long lead-up to it.  

23                 So we would have even more if we 

24    were able to unleash the power of the gas that's 

25    stuck in the cracks and crevices of the 


                                                               5344

 1    Marcellus Shale in the Southern Tier.  

 2                 So why wouldn't we do that so we 

 3    could compete and not have to import that power?  

 4                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  With respect to my friend, I'd 

 6    be happy to discuss over a cup of coffee the 

 7    Marcellus Shale and fracking policy.  

 8                 That is not contemplated in this 

 9    legislation before us today.  And I would like to 

10    confine our discussion to what's in the bill, but 

11    would be happy to discuss that at another time.

12                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Madam President, 

13    on the bill.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   

15    Senator Borrello on the bill.

16                 SENATOR BORRELLO:   Thank you, 

17    Senator Harckham.  I'm up for that cup of coffee 

18    whenever you would like, so -- decaf after 

19    5 o'clock.

20                 So the real issue here is we've been 

21    trying to promote this narrative that New York 

22    State is -- our high cost of energy is due to 

23    external effects like the price of natural gas 

24    and so forth.  But that's just simply not true.  

25                 The reality is we have the highest 


                                                               5345

 1    rates in the country, 70 percent higher than the 

 2    national average, higher than our neighboring 

 3    states, higher than states that have a higher mix 

 4    of natural gas than we do.  Every indicator is 

 5    that this is a uniquely New York problem.  

 6                 Now, what we're saying today is you 

 7    all were wrong about the CLCPA.  What we're 

 8    saying today is you guys were wrong and now we're 

 9    going to spend another 10 years.  Maybe.  I think 

10    all this is kind of written on an Etch A Sketch, 

11    quite honestly, and you're going to shake it up 

12    after the election and start over again.  But at 

13    least for now, you're going to kick it out over 

14    10 years.  

15                 And why?  Because we've been telling 

16    you since day one that this wasn't going to work.  

17    And now it's an election year.  Now you have to 

18    remember the fact that everybody opens their 

19    electric bill or their utility bill every month 

20    and they have in front of them a very painful 

21    reminder of the horrible energy policy here in 

22    New York State -- this disjointed, nonsensical 

23    energy policy.  And nothing in here is going to 

24    change that.

25                 Now, you had an opportunity, you had 


                                                               5346

 1    an opportunity to say -- to do what NYSERDA has 

 2    said you should do, what the New York Power 

 3    Authority said you should do, or quite frankly 

 4    the Governor says you should do.  Let's invest in 

 5    those traditional baseload powers once again.  

 6    Let's power with natural gas.  Let's reduce the 

 7    cost of energy right now -- not 10 or 20 or 

 8    30 years from now, right now.  

 9                 But instead, we're going to pretend 

10    that this isn't happening, that there are some 

11    other reasons, that somehow the high cost of 

12    electricity in New York State is the fault of 

13    someone else other than the policy here.

14                 So I'm disappointed that this bill 

15    doesn't have anything in it that's going to 

16    reduce energy prices for New Yorkers as soon as 

17    it's signed.  

18                 So Madam President, I don't think I 

19    can support this.  Thank you.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

21    you.  

22                 Senator Palumbo, why do you rise? 

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

24    Madam President.  I wonder if a Senator would 

25    yield on Part EE, Echo Echo.  Pipeline ends in 


                                                               5347

 1    "e".

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 3    you, Senator Palumbo.  That would be 

 4    Senator Bailey.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 6    Bailey, do you yield?  

 7                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, I will yield on questions 

 9    related to Jalen Brunson and the New York Knicks.

10                 (Laughter.)

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    Senator yields.  

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Also Part EE, 

14    Senator Palumbo.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Go, Knicks, on 

16    their way to the finals.  

17                 Thank you, Madam President.  And 

18    thank you, Senator.

19                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Sure.

20                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   There are four or 

21    five sections in this part, and I'd like to 

22    unpack them separately, if I could.  

23                 And the first section here, 

24    Section 1, makes changes to the "serious injury" 

25    statute.  And just as a kind of a precursor for 


                                                               5348

 1    the non-lawyers in the group, to recover in an 

 2    automobile accident can we agree that you need to 

 3    establish that you suffered a serious injury in 

 4    accordance with Section 5102 of the 

 5    Insurance Law?  Is that accurate?  

 6                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, the Senator is correct about the 

 8    subsection that he named in reference to the 

 9    definition of "serious injury."

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

11    Senator.  

12                 Will the sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Yes.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

15    sponsor yield?  The sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

17    Madam President.  

18                 And through you, this section here 

19    strikes the final, quote, "serious injury" manner 

20    in which you can prove damages in an automobile 

21    case.  And it's basically when it's medically 

22    determined that your injury or impairment is of a 

23    non-permanent nature, but it prevents the injured 

24    person from performing substantially all the 

25    material acts which constitute such person's 


                                                               5349

 1    usual and customary daily activities for not less 

 2    than 90 days of the 180 days following the 

 3    accident.  

 4                 And that is stricken and no longer a 

 5    cause of action as a result of this bill.  Is 

 6    that true?

 7                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President.  That portion is stricken.  

 9                 But, Senator Palumbo, what you would 

10    note is that -- bless you -- the rest of the 

11    section in 5102 does in fact remain.

12                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  Will 

13    the sponsor yield? 

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

15    sponsor yield?

16                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.  

19                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

20    Senator.  

21                 And do we know, are there any 

22    empirical or is there any empirical data or have 

23    we attributed any dollar amount to those specific 

24    claims that would be saved in the event we strike 

25    that and reform the law with respect to proving 


                                                               5350

 1    serious physical injury or serious injury in an 

 2    automobile accident?  

 3                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 4    Madam President.  Senator Palumbo, speaking from 

 5    my heart, I have often spoken to you all about 

 6    data and why we need data.  And I'm glad you've 

 7    come to the realization that we also need data.  

 8                 And I don't have any to that effect 

 9    that would prove what you're saying, but I 

10    don't -- I think that sometimes it's important, 

11    in the vein of affordability and what many of 

12    your constituents and my constituents are -- all 

13    of those measures are attempting to cut to the 

14    heart of what we're trying to do vis-a-vis 

15    affordability and as it goes towards insurance, 

16    Madam President.

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Does the sponsor 

18    yield, continue to yield?  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    sponsor yield?

21                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Absolutely.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    sponsor yields.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

25                 And of course, Senator, any 


                                                               5351

 1    plaintiff may also plead their injury through the 

 2    rest of the statute.  That still will exist, of 

 3    course, if there's death, dismemberment, 

 4    significant disfigurement, a fracture, loss of a 

 5    fetus, permanent loss of use of a bodily organ, 

 6    member, function or system, or permanent 

 7    consequential limitation of use of a body organ 

 8    or member, or significant limitation of use of a 

 9    body function or system.  

10                 But what is being stricken here is 

11    that if it's -- those are all essentially 

12    permanent injuries.  And my -- just for 

13    clarification, I guess, and legislative intent, 

14    that now if there's a nonpermanent injury that 

15    impairs this person from their regular duties for 

16    at least 90 days of the 180 days following the 

17    accident, they cannot recover.  Is that accurate?

18                 (Pause.)

19                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, not necessarily.  

21                 It does have language in that 

22    subsection about a significant limitation, which 

23    as you've determined, based upon legislative 

24    intent or any arbiter or finder of fact, they 

25    could determine what significant limitation is 


                                                               5352

 1    based upon one factor or a number of factors 

 2    based upon the specific injury, the nature of the 

 3    injury, the situs of injury, and so many other 

 4    contextual things that a reasonable finder of 

 5    fact would be able to determine.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 7    yield?

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    sponsor yield?

10                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I do.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    sponsor yields.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

14    Senator.  

15                 And if we could move on to the next 

16    section.  Section 2 makes a change to a little 

17    bit different section of the Insurance Law, 5104, 

18    and it adds language at the end.  And this 

19    statute is basically you cannot recover -- and 

20    let me break it down a little bit so we can -- 

21    our non-lawyer friends, as I said before, can 

22    follow along.  It addresses non-economic losses.  

23                 And can we agree non-economic 

24    losses are pain and suffering losses, not 

25    specific out-of-pocket losses.  Is that accurate?


                                                               5353

 1                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Madam President, I 

 2    just want to make sure that the subsection of the 

 3    law that you mentioned is right.  

 4                 Could you mention the subsection 

 5    again, Senator Palumbo?  

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Oh, sorry, 

 7    Subsection 2.  It's on page 1, line 30, is where 

 8    it begins.  And then it adds some language at 

 9    line 42.  But it's essentially just reciting the 

10    current 5104 statute.

11                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Sorry.  Yes, that 

12    is correct.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

14                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

15                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield, yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.  

18                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And I'm going to 

19    read this one section because I think it makes a 

20    really significant change to the way we try 

21    automobile cases in the State of New York.

22                 It says:  "No liability for 

23    non-economic loss shall be fixed unless and until 

24    the trier of fact has determined the existence of 

25    a serious injury.  In any action" -- this is the 


                                                               5354

 1    more important part -- "to recover non-economic 

 2    loss pursuant to this article, the trier of fact 

 3    shall not determine the question of whether an 

 4    injury is a serious injury until the trier of 

 5    fact has determined the party or parties at 

 6    fault."  

 7                 So when we try automobile cases 

 8    they're almost always bifurcated.  And without 

 9    tossing it back to Senator Bailey, just to 

10    describe, that means that we try liability first 

11    and then damages second.  Would you agree with 

12    that?

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  Senator Palumbo is correct on 

15    the order of liability.  

16                 But I would proffer that -- and I 

17    think I know where you're going to go, but I 

18    guess I should let you ask the question.  But 

19    you're wondering, I imagine, why the order is 

20    changed.  Would that be accurate, Senator 

21    Palumbo?

22                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Exactly.

23                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Trying to figure 

24    it out can improve judicial efficiency.  We can 

25    figure out earlier whether the threshold question 


                                                               5355

 1    about the nature of a serious injury has been met 

 2    so as to not waste precious judicial resources.  

 3                 I know that dockets are clogged 

 4    where you are; they certainly are clogged where 

 5    I'm at.  And we want to make sure that while 

 6    first and foremost we respect the victim's 

 7    rights -- I want to be very clear about that, 

 8    that we respect and need to make sure that if you 

 9    are involved in a crash or an accident that we're 

10    respecting your rights.  I want to be very clear 

11    about that, that at the baseline you deserve the 

12    right to have your day.  

13                 But we also want to have a modicum 

14    of judicial efficiency, and this is what this 

15    change is predicated upon.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

17    yield?  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

19    sponsor yield?

20                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    sponsor yields.  

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

24    Senator.  And that I guess is because later on in 

25    this bill there's a change to 1411, which is the 


                                                               5356

 1    comparative or contributory negligence statute 

 2    that if someone -- if a claimant is 51 percent at 

 3    fault or collectively the person who has more 

 4    liability than everyone else, they cannot recover 

 5    non-economic damages.  Is that accurate, that's 

 6    what this does later on in the bill?

 7                 SENATOR BAILEY:   As related to 

 8    comparative negligence, Senator Palumbo, that 

 9    would be correct, Senator Palumbo.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

11                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

13    sponsor yield?

14                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

16    sponsor yields.

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And so, 

18    Senator -- and this is really the heart of this 

19    section that I'm asking about, this question -- 

20    through you, Madam President -- is that there are 

21    occasions where we have a unified trial, where we 

22    have a trial in an automobile case, and in many 

23    personal injury cases, where we try liability and 

24    damages together.  

25                 So I guess for the purposes of 


                                                               5357

 1    judicial intent or legislative intent, I just 

 2    want to be sure that we are now not mandating, by 

 3    this statute, that liability must be resolved 

 4    before we get to the serious injury question, 

 5    that we're no longer allowed to have unified 

 6    trials on auto cases.  

 7                 Because there are a plethora of 

 8    cases and decisions in Appellate Court decisions 

 9    in the State of New York where we are -- where it 

10    was error to not unify an automobile case.  For 

11    example, in a traumatic brain injury case, where 

12    you have someone who has a loss of memory or the 

13    mechanism of injury actually clarifies the 

14    liability of each party.

15                 So the mechanism of injury you 

16    usually wouldn't be able to do that, because it's 

17    prejudicial to talk about the manner or the 

18    injuries themselves, not just the liability.  But 

19    there are certain circumstances -- it's somewhat 

20    rare, but there absolutely are circumstances 

21    where the mechanism of injury is probative to 

22    liability and the courts allow it.  

23                 So the way I read this, it's a 

24    "shall" statute.  So can you please clarify that 

25    for me?


                                                               5358

 1                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Senator Palumbo, 

 2    that was a great portion of legislative intent, 

 3    but I would just ask that you -- that you I would 

 4    say Shepardize that, so to speak, and give me a 

 5    little bit more of a distilled question, if you 

 6    don't mind.

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Certainly.  If 

 8    you would yield for a new question --

 9                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Absolutely.

10                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   -- or the same 

11    question worded a little bit more clearly.  

12                 Does this section of law that we're 

13    amending or adding this language to, does this 

14    now bar unified trials in automobile accident 

15    negligence cases, yes or no?

16                 (Pause.)

17                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

18    Madam President.  As a great lawyer, as 

19    Senator Palumbo would be, that there is no 

20    yes-or-no response to that.  It merely refers to, 

21    as you know, the order of operations, so to 

22    speak.  Serious injury first, then liability.

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

24    Madam President.  On the bill for that particular 

25    section, if I may.


                                                               5359

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 2    Palumbo on the bill.

 3                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So Senator 

 4    Bailey, you're a good witness.  You never answer 

 5    my yes/no questions --

 6                 (Laughter.)

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   -- so you're a 

 8    professional.  

 9                 But that's good to know.  And that's 

10    why I'm hoping that at least we would have an 

11    order of verdict sheet that if we do get a -- if 

12    there is a unified trial in an automobile case, 

13    it's very, very important that that still be 

14    permitted because it's extremely important to 

15    plaintiffs so they can get a fair trial in the 

16    State of New York.  

17                 So if we can -- if we do have a 

18    unified trial, I hope that we can just be clear 

19    that the order of operation will be "if and then" 

20    type of verdict sheet where we would find a 

21    verdict -- if you find more than, according to 

22    the second half of this, or less than 51 percent 

23    liability of the plaintiff, then you can proceed 

24    to the serious injury question in one trial.

25                 So thank you, Senator.  


                                                               5360

 1                 Would you continue to yield for 

 2    another question in another area of that bill?

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    Senator yield?  

 5                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Absolutely.  

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 7    Senator yields.

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 9    Senator.  

10                 Now we'll move on to the -- that was 

11    2(a).  This is Section 2(d), as in "dog."  And 

12    this is the one that has to do with a limitation 

13    on non-economic loss recoveries to those 

14    claimants or operators of motor vehicles who are 

15    operating uninsured, operating while impaired, or 

16    operating by way -- during the commission or 

17    flight from a felony.

18                 So my question is -- and this is 

19    really, I guess -- we'll hone in.  There are a 

20    couple of different questions I have here.  But 

21    look on line 7, if you don't mind, as far as -- 

22    let's do one section at a time, please.  

23    Operating an uninsured motor vehicle and 

24    responsible under Article 6.  

25                 So regarding the insured question or 


                                                               5361

 1    uninsured question, does it have to be an owner?

 2                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President, this is precisely why we phrased 

 4    it the way that it was.  

 5                 I can give you a hypothetical.  

 6    Often people borrow cars from friends, neighbors, 

 7    and well-intended individuals in the community.  

 8    The previous iteration of the language -- and I'm 

 9    grateful to the Governor and the Assembly for 

10    hearing us out -- indicated that was much more 

11    strict.  This would permit that if somebody 

12    well-intended -- you loan your car to somebody 

13    and your automatic payment deduction for some 

14    reason isn't taking it out.  You are legally 

15    uninsured.  So we put in a provision of 30 days 

16    so that in the event that things like that 

17    happened, that you would not be deemed uninsured.  

18                 Thirty days is a reasonable amount 

19    of time to be able to proceed whether someone is 

20    willfully and intentionally simply not being 

21    insured or if it's a reasonable or one -- a lapse 

22    that one could consider to be reasonable in the 

23    nature of being uninsured.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

25                 Will the sponsor yield?


                                                               5362

 1                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 3    sponsor yields.

 4                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 5    Senator.  

 6                 And in that regard, if it's outside 

 7    of the 30 days, but say it's someone else's 

 8    vehicle, would they also be exempt from this 

 9    $100,000 limitation?  Because they would not have 

10    knowledge and they're not, quote, as it says in 

11    the statute, responsible under Article 6 of the 

12    Vehicle and Traffic Law for insuring such motor 

13    vehicle.

14                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Senator Palumbo, 

15    you're saying if somebody is not aware of the 

16    insurance lapse past 30 days?

17                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Correct.  I 

18    borrow a friend's car and it hasn't been insured 

19    in years, and I'm operating -- I'm not the owner, 

20    but I'm operating it.

21                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Well, in that 

22    case, if it would be beyond 30 days, there would 

23    be a reasonable expectation that you knew or 

24    should have known that the car, the motor 

25    vehicle, whatever vehicle it may be, was in fact 


                                                               5363

 1    uninsured.

 2                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

 3    continue to yield.

 4                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So in that 

 8    hypothetical the driver would be restricted to 

 9    $100,000 in damages only?

10                 SENATOR BAILEY:   In that 

11    hypothetical you are correct, Senator Palumbo.

12                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Okay, thank you.  

13                 And Senator, would -- could you -- 

14    would you continue to yield?

15                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Absolutely.  

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    sponsor yields.

18                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And, Senator, the 

19    other two are pretty obvious.  But I'd like to go 

20    back up to the end of line 4, the beginning of 

21    line 5 in that same section.  This is my last 

22    question in here.  That it says (reading):  shall 

23    be limited to $100,000 in the case of a serious 

24    injury in any action by or on behalf of an 

25    injured person who is at fault, is not barred 


                                                               5364

 1    from recovery by Section 1411 of the CPLR.  

 2                 So that is -- that person could be 

 3    barred if they're 51 percent responsible or if 

 4    they're not -- if they're less than 51 percent 

 5    responsible, then those other provisions apply.  

 6                 Is that fair to say, that we just 

 7    went through the uninsured, the impaired, or the 

 8    operating during the commission of a felony or 

 9    flight therefrom?

10                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  If they qualify in those 

12    categories as you enumerated and they are at 

13    fault at all, Madam President, that would be 

14    accurate.

15                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

16    continue to yield?

17                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.

20                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  And I 

21    appreciate you indulging -- through you, 

22    Madam President, Senator Bailey indulging these 

23    hypotheticals.  Because there are thousands and 

24    thousands of automobile cases with just about 

25    every scenario in New York State every year.  


                                                               5365

 1                 And this is one that I've 

 2    encountered many times in my own practice over 

 3    the years, where someone is drinking or impaired 

 4    by drugs and they're at a red light and they have 

 5    zero percent fault, and someone strikes them and 

 6    seriously and badly injures them, are those 

 7    individuals able to recover in excess of $100,000 

 8    of non-economic damages?  Or are they limited by 

 9    this statute?

10                 (Pause.)

11                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

12    Madam President.  In that hypothetical that you 

13    mentioned, I'd venture to say that in the event 

14    that there was such a hypothetical, that would be 

15    accurate.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

17    continue to yield?  

18                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.  

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

22    Senator.

23                 I'm going to move on to this last, 

24    Section 1411, which is Section 3.  There is a new 

25    section added regarding contributory negligence 


                                                               5366

 1    or modified contributory negligence, which is 

 2    what we're calling it.

 3                 And just for clarification, kind of 

 4    given the general rule now that your damages are 

 5    proportionately reduced based upon your 

 6    liability, so if I'm in an accident currently and 

 7    I'm 75 percent responsible, the defendant is 

 8    25 percent responsible, my damages are reduced by 

 9    75 percent.  Is that accurate?  

10                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

11    Madam President.  Under current law, that 

12    hypothetical would be accurate.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.

14                 And will the sponsor continue to 

15    yield.

16                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield, yes.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

18    sponsor yields.

19                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

20    Senator.

21                 And so now we have these -- the 

22    claimant conduct.  And it uses the word 

23    "claimant."  And I'll read it again:  "In any    

24    action to recover damages for personal injury 

25    subject to Article 51 of the Insurance Law, the 


                                                               5367

 1    culpable conduct attributable to the claimant 

 2    shall bar recovery if the culpable conduct 

 3    attributable to the claimant is greater than the 

 4    culpable conduct of the person against whom 

 5    recovery is sought or is greater than the 

 6    combined culpable conduct of the persons against 

 7    whom recovery is sought."

 8                 So that's that 51 percent rule.  

 9    Just to make it easy, we'll talk about two 

10    individuals.  So they get zero non-economic 

11    damages of they're 51 percent or greater, is that 

12    accurate?

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

14    Madam President.  Preserving the rights of all 

15    involved in accidents is important.  That would 

16    be accurate.  

17                 But no-fault would still be 

18    available in such an action as you've described 

19    in your hypothetical.

20                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

21                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

22                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield, yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.  

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  


                                                               5368

 1                 And understood, Senator.  I 

 2    appreciate that, that just the non-economic, the 

 3    pain and suffering damages would not be 

 4    available.  All others would be available, is 

 5    that true?

 6                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Senator Palumbo, 

 7    repeat that one more time?  

 8                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Sure.  The pain 

 9    and suffering damages, also known as non-economic 

10    damages, would not be recoverable, but all the 

11    other damages would.

12                 SENATOR BAILEY:   That is correct.  

13    Through you, Madam President.  

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

15    you.  

16                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

17                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    sponsor yields.  

20                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   So, Senator -- 

21    through you, Madam President -- when I see the 

22    word "claimant" here, that applies to all 

23    claimants, not just drivers of automobiles -- 

24    pedestrians, bicyclists, and so forth.  

25                 Is that accurate?


                                                               5369

 1                 (Pause.)

 2                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 3    Madam President.  Theoretically, because 

 4    accidental crashes can involve multiple people.  

 5                 But the amount of fault, as you've 

 6    described in that hypothetical, it would be quite 

 7    difficult for a bicyclist or a pedestrian to be 

 8    that much at fault, just for the record.

 9                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 

10    continue to yield? 

11                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Yes, I yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    sponsor yields.

14                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And regardless 

15    of -- and as -- through you, Madam President.  

16    Regardless of the difficulty of it, certainly if 

17    a jury found that a bicyclist was 75 percent at 

18    fault or, for example, a child ran out into a 

19    street between two parked cars, chasing a ball -- 

20    which happens often -- that that child could be 

21    held responsible to an extent that it was their 

22    fault, the driver was unable to avoid the 

23    accident.  And even though there's a percentage 

24    of fault attributable to the defendant, if it's 

25    not more than 49 percent, that child can't 


                                                               5370

 1    recover in that example.

 2                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you -- 

 3    through you, Madam President.  Let's bifurcate 

 4    that.  

 5                 As far as the child goes, I would 

 6    think that a reasonable judge, a trier of facts, 

 7    would consider the child's age in that 

 8    hypothetical.  

 9                 On the bicyclist one, in the event 

10    that that fault would happen -- which is highly 

11    unlikely -- then that would likely be accurate.  

12    Through you, Madam President.

13                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

14    Senator.  

15                 Would the sponsor continue to yield?

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

17    sponsor yield?

18                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I will yield.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    sponsor yields.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   And thank you, 

22    Senator, for getting in the weeds a little on 

23    this.  

24                 I have one last question, and it's 

25    Section 4, the enactment clause.  That it takes 


                                                               5371

 1    effect immediately upon becoming law, which I 

 2    expect will happen today or tomorrow, and it 

 3    shall be applicable to all actions or proceedings 

 4    commenced on or after such date.

 5                 So it's actions or proceedings, it's 

 6    the filing date.  And typically you would have 

 7    three years to file a negligence action in an 

 8    automobile case.  So these are for cases that 

 9    happened, say, this morning and two months ago 

10    that are certainly viable actions that have not 

11    been filed yet.  

12                 This limitation and reduction on the 

13    ability to recover, for plaintiffs to recover, 

14    will immediately take effect.  Was there any 

15    discussion about possibly amending that to the 

16    cause of action date instead of the filing date?

17                 SENATOR BAILEY:   There was not any 

18    discussion, to my -- from my understanding, about 

19    changing that date.  Through you, 

20    Madam President.

21                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

22    Senator.  And one last general question regarding 

23    judicial efficiency.  

24                 Will the sponsor continue to yield?

25                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Certainly.  


                                                               5372

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 2    sponsor yield?  

 3                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Absolutely.  

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 7    Senator.  

 8                 Was there any study regarding the 

 9    backlog?  Because the way I almost see this is 

10    that when there's proportionate liability 

11    concerns, you usually can settle that case.  

12                 Do you have any concerns that now 

13    that we have this new rule that it will actually 

14    be litigated more?  That in really more 

15    significant catastrophic injury cases the 

16    insurance company may take a shot at it and be 

17    unreasonable and not settle those cases?  Where 

18    in the comparative-negligence state that we are 

19    as of this moment -- and it's about to change -- 

20    that might be a case that would settle, that this 

21    might actually be counterintuitive to reducing 

22    backlog.  

23                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  First and foremost, everything 

25    is contextual when it depends on an action like 


                                                               5373

 1    this.

 2                 Again, as I mentioned, the nature of 

 3    the crash, who the victims are, the pendency, the 

 4    nature of the serious injury, all of these things 

 5    are totality-of-circumstance-based.  And they 

 6    would, I guess, contribute -- no pun intended, 

 7    Senator Palumbo -- towards the -- whether a claim 

 8    would settle or not.

 9                 Also it depends on, you know, how 

10    clear is liability.  Right?  I'm sure in your 

11    practice you've dealt with clear liability on a 

12    rear-end, 25,000 attendant policy and you're 

13    gone.  

14                 But there are other cases that take 

15    a little bit longer to develop because, as you 

16    know, injury creep and many different things that 

17    take place in any personal injury action, 

18    including but not limited to motor vehicle 

19    accidents.  

20                 But as far as a specific study from 

21    OCA or -- we have not engaged in one.  I'd be 

22    happy to have a conversation with anybody to 

23    figure out these parts.  But I know that in 

24    speaking to attorneys and judges, that sometimes 

25    these motor vehicle parts are significantly 


                                                               5374

 1    clogged and they have significant backlogs and 

 2    they're not able to meet standards and goals.  

 3    And it doesn't really speak to judicial 

 4    efficiency as we would like it, especially as a 

 5    practitioner as you would like it.

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

 7                 Would the sponsor yield?

 8                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield, yes.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

10    sponsor yields.  

11                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

12    Senator.  And I just -- one last question.  You 

13    made me think of it with your last answer.

14                 So we know that this applies to 

15    operators who fall within those categories, and 

16    then individuals at fault, whether they're 

17    pedestrians or bicyclists or some other 

18    vehicle -- on a horse, who knows.  

19                 Does this apply -- it only applies 

20    to the claimant themselves and their fault with 

21    respect to the accident, not passengers or any 

22    other individuals who could possibly recover.  Is 

23    that accurate?

24                 (Pause.)

25                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 


                                                               5375

 1    Madam President.  Before I answer the question, I 

 2    just want to say -- like stating for the record, 

 3    also legislative intent -- that we value the 

 4    crash victim, the injured individual, and anybody 

 5    that's involved in this.  And I just want to make 

 6    sure that we state that clearly for the record.

 7                 As far as your actual question goes, 

 8    we have to get back to you, because that is an 

 9    interesting technical question that I want to be 

10    absolutely certain with you on.

11                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Okay.  Thank you, 

12    Senator, I appreciate that.

13                 If we could move -- I don't know who 

14    would handle Part KK, more exciting insurance 

15    regulations.

16                 SENATOR BAILEY:   That would be me, 

17    and I yield.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

19    Senator yields.

20                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

21    Senator.  This is with -- regarding anticipated 

22    underwriting profits and some obligations of 

23    insurance carriers to provide some relief to the 

24    ratepayers.  At least that's what it says.  

25                 I'm on the section regarding about 


                                                               5376

 1    the underwriting gain and anticipated 

 2    underwriting profits.  Can you explain to us what 

 3    that is?

 4                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 5    Madam President.  It would compare insurance 

 6    combined three-year average of underwriting gains 

 7    against their anticipated underwriting profit 

 8    plus an additional 5 percent of earned premiums.

 9                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Would the sponsor 

10    continue to yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

12    sponsor yield?

13                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    sponsor yields.

16                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Are those gains 

17    based upon only the gains that that insurance 

18    carrier realizes in the State of New York?  Or 

19    are those nationwide?  

20                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

21    Madam President.  Those gains would be based upon 

22    those in the State of New York.

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Does the sponsor 

24    yield?  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 


                                                               5377

 1    sponsor yield? 

 2                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I yield.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   In that regard, 

 6    Senator, it looks like it's a three-year average, 

 7    the way I'm reading this.  And in the event that 

 8    the underwriting sees an increase in profits that 

 9    exceed that 5 percent, can't they just anticipate 

10    in Year 2, you know, a 20 percent increase in 

11    profits?  And that would be an anticipated 

12    underwriting profit versus an unanticipated 

13    underwriting profit and would not require them to 

14    provide the ratepayer with a rebate.  

15                 (Pause.)

16                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

17    Madam President.  It would be based on the annual 

18    statements that they filed with DFS.  So like it 

19    would not be something that would be attributable 

20    to guesswork or projection.  It would have to be 

21    something that would be contained in the filing 

22    that they would file, the insurer would file with 

23    the Department of Financial Services.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the Senator 

25    continue to yield?


                                                               5378

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 2    sponsor yield?

 3                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I do.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 5    sponsor yields.  

 6                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

 7    Senator.  And I think it's just -- I'm thrown off 

 8    by the word "anticipated" underwriting profit.  I 

 9    think that's where when we say "anticipated," 

10    there clearly is some sort of predetermination 

11    made by someone.  

12                 Is that just kind of a term of art?  

13    Am I missing that?  

14                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Well, we're 

15    trying -- through you, Madam President, we're 

16    trying to actually provide clarity through -- 

17    through defining excess profits predicated upon 

18    underwriting gains and earned premiums.  

19                 So that's, you know -- and just for 

20    your knowledge and also anybody else's knowledge, 

21    to date nobody has hit those thresholds.

22                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

23    Senator.

24                 And I'll wrap up pretty quick.  I 

25    know we have other speakers.  Would you yield for 


                                                               5379

 1    another couple of questions or two?  

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

 3    sponsor yield? 

 4                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Sure.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you.  

 8                 Later on, further down that bill in 

 9    Part KK, there's certain notice that needs to be 

10    provided.  And line 30, "The insurer shall 

11    provide notice to the policyholders of this 

12    credit and indicate that the credit was due to 

13    the reforms enacted in the state fiscal year 

14    2026-2027 budget.  This notification shall be 

15    made at the time the credit is distributed."

16                 That unusual language that I see 

17    there, is there any precedent for that kind of 

18    language?

19                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

20    Madam President -- wait.  Senator Palumbo, if you 

21    could repeat your last line.  I'm sorry, I 

22    apologize.  

23                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Sure.  Is there 

24    any precedent for that?  Because I see, you know, 

25    that basically they need to say that this is due 


                                                               5380

 1    to the budget reforms.  

 2                 And my next question will be do they 

 3    have to also say that when the rates go up, that 

 4    this is due to the '26-'27 budget?

 5                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, I am -- there are voluminous 

 7    sections of law in our great state.  I would not 

 8    be able to proffer whether this has existed in 

 9    any budget prior to this.  

10                 I do think it is important to be 

11    able to tell ratepayers or people that have 

12    compulsory insurance that your state elected 

13    officials are working for you to try to provide 

14    some sort of relief, some relief where you don't 

15    have to make the determination between insuring 

16    your car or paying your car note.

17                 That is the difference that -- that 

18    is a choice that many of our constituents are 

19    making.  

20                 So I think it is important for us to 

21    be unafraid to let our constituents know and 

22    message accordingly that we are working on their 

23    behalf to do what they've asked us to do, which 

24    is handle affordability.

25                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Will the sponsor 


                                                               5381

 1    yield?

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 3    sponsor yield?

 4                 SENATOR BAILEY:   I do.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.  

 7                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Senator, from 

 8    your lips to God's ears.  I hope it works, I 

 9    really do.

10                 Would this information produced to 

11    DFS, I guess, and the underwriting information 

12    from the insurance carriers, would that be 

13    publicly available information?

14                 (Pause.)

15                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, I'd venture to say -- I would 

17    say yes.  Through you, Madam President.

18                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Thank you, 

19    Senator Bailey.  

20                 On the bill, please, 

21    Madam President.  

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

23    Palumbo on the bill.

24                 SENATOR PALUMBO:   Madam President, 

25    this is -- like most budget bills in my 13 years 


                                                               5382

 1    in this town, there is a mixed bag.  Some of it's 

 2    good, some of it's not so good.

 3                 I think we really need to revisit 

 4    the automobile negligence reform.  This is going 

 5    to have very, very impactful unintended 

 6    consequences that will bar people from recovering 

 7    in a catastrophic situation, people who are not 

 8    intended to be captured in this net.  

 9                 We get it, drunk and impaired 

10    drivers, people who are not insuring their 

11    vehicles.  We all pay a lot of money in 

12    insurance.  I totally get it that you need to 

13    insure your vehicle.  You need to not be fleeing 

14    a felony or committing a felony during the 

15    operation of that vehicle.  I'm with you.  I get 

16    it.  

17                 But the real concern is when you 

18    have the innocent bystander or you have a 

19    situation where someone is in an uninsured 

20    vehicle that they've borrowed from their friend 

21    that's been uninsured for two months and you're 

22    sitting at a red light and someone cripples you, 

23    the fact that you could be limited in recovery I 

24    don't think is what we want in this body.  

25                 So we do have some work to do on 


                                                               5383

 1    that.  We have some work to do -- I hope this 

 2    insurance, quote, unquote, transparency, 

 3    Section KK, really works.  But we'll wait and 

 4    see.  

 5                 And I would appreciate it, if the 

 6    rates go up, that we can also say that it was my 

 7    friends on that side of the aisle who caused them 

 8    to go up.  Because I don't know if this is going 

 9    to do anything.  I hope it does.  

10                 But I do appreciate your indulgence, 

11    Madam President.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

13    Rhoads, why do you rise?

14                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

15    Madam President.  

16                 I certainly don't want 

17    Senator Bailey to sit for far too long, I don't 

18    want him stiffening up.  So if you'll just yield 

19    to one more question on Part VV.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

21    sponsor yield?

22                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Absolutely.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.  

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  


                                                               5384

 1    Through you, Madam President.  

 2                 Was any consideration given in 

 3    trials that are bifurcated or trials that are 

 4    unified to the reason why liability is tried 

 5    first and the concern that if you try damages 

 6    first it would improperly influence the jury in 

 7    terms of sympathy if there is a serious injury?  

 8                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Through you, 

 9    Madam President.  One, we believe that juries are 

10    sophisticated enough to make intelligent 

11    decisions regardless of the way -- I believe that 

12    a jury of our peers is one of the greatest 

13    foundational things in the American justice 

14    system.

15                 And secondly, we're trying serious 

16    injury.  Serious injury comes first in that 

17    hypothetical, Senator.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

19    Senator Bailey.

20                 Through you, Madam President, will 

21    the sponsor yield to one additional question?

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield?

24                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5385

 1    sponsor yields.  

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   The concern is 

 3    that if you do have a traumatic injury, if you 

 4    have a serious injury, and the jury hears about 

 5    the seriousness of the injury first, that they 

 6    may be influenced in terms of their decisional 

 7    liability -- because of the seriousness of the 

 8    injury, that they want to find someone else 

 9    responsible.

10                 (Pause.)

11                 SENATOR BAILEY:   Again, through 

12    you, Madam President.  In the -- so we're going 

13    to -- in the traumatic brain injury, again, I 

14    think that a jury would be able to determine 

15    reasonably well what the Senator is indicating.  

16                 But I think that's what we're trying 

17    to do here.  We're trying to achieve some 

18    balance.  And if the -- (pause).  If there's no 

19    serious injury, there's no need to have a trial.  

20                 Thank you, Andrew.  You're the 

21    greatest.  

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

23    Senator Bailey.  

24                 Will the -- I just need a couple of 

25    questions on Part M, as in Mary.


                                                               5386

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 2    Parker, do you yield?  

 3                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do, 

 4    Madam President.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 6    sponsor yields.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 8    Senator Parker.  

 9                 Through you, Madam President.  If 

10    you can, what is the purpose of the annual 

11    NYSERDA special assessment?  What is the purpose 

12    of the NYSERDA special assessment?  

13                 (Pause.)

14                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

15    through you.  This assessment is used to fund a 

16    number of things that NYSERDA does, including 

17    some of their planning process and implementation 

18    of their programs.

19                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

20    continue to yield?

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

22    sponsor yield?  

23                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

25    sponsor yields.


                                                               5387

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President.  Obviously the overall goal is 

 3    to reduce utility costs for consumers, is that 

 4    not correct?

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 6    through you.  In part.  

 7                 NYSERDA, which is the New York State 

 8    Energy Research and Development Authority, does, 

 9    as the name implies, not just look at reducing 

10    the cost of utilities but also is involved with 

11    the development and oversight of research to 

12    expand our ability to provide energy to the 

13    people of the State of New York, as well as 

14    implement programs that help consumers save 

15    money, as well as implement strategies and 

16    modalities that produce more generation 

17    throughout the great State of New York.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

19    Senator Parker.  

20                 Through you, Madam President, will 

21    the sponsor continue to yield?

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

23    sponsor yield?  

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5388

 1    sponsor yields.

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I was referring 

 3    more, Senator -- through you, Madam President -- 

 4    to this package of -- this portion of the 

 5    legislation is designed to impact utility rates 

 6    that have become so high.  Correct?

 7                 (Pause.)

 8                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 9    through you.  Yes, it does do some of that.  

10                 But it really -- this assessment 

11    particularly is used to fund a myriad of programs 

12    that NYSERDA runs, some of which are helpful in 

13    terms of reducing the cost of energy.  So it may 

14    not necessarily reduce utility rates, but it may 

15    in fact do things like reduce the carbon 

16    footprint of homeowners or commercial owners, and 

17    provide programs that in fact help homes or 

18    businesses become more energy efficient, which 

19    may reduce the cost of energy for that particular 

20    ratepayer but not necessarily reduce the cost of 

21    utilities.  If that makes sense.

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I think I follow 

23    you.

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   I'm not -- so it 

25    doesn't -- it doesn't affect the utility as much 


                                                               5389

 1    as it affects the ratepayer.  

 2                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Will the sponsor 

 3    continue to yield?  

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 5    sponsor yield?  

 6                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  

10                 Through you, Madam President.  I 

11    notice that Part N limits expenses that a 

12    utility, a gas and electric company may be able 

13    to claim as part of a rate case.  Is the 

14    special -- is the special assessment for NYSERDA 

15    one of the elements that a utility will not be 

16    able to claim as part of a rate case?  

17                 (Pause.)

18                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

19    through you.  These two things are actually 

20    separate from each other.  Right?  So that is not 

21    necessarily part of the special assessment.  

22                 SENATOR RHOADS:   On the bill, 

23    Madam President.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

25    Rhoads on the bill.


                                                               5390

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Briefly on the 

 2    bill.

 3                 Thank you, Senator Parker.  

 4                 Part of the reason why utility 

 5    rates are so expensive is the fact that we 

 6    continue to pile on surcharges, taxes, fees onto 

 7    our utilities.  One is the NYSERDA special 

 8    assessment.  That is a $28.7 million fee that is 

 9    going to be charged to utilities that ultimately 

10    will be passed along to ratepayers.  

11                 The reason that I referenced Part N 

12    for Affordable Utilities Omnibus Legislation, as 

13    it was titled, is that there's a bunch of fees 

14    that are exempt, but this special assessment is 

15    not one of them.

16                 The end result of this is going to 

17    be to increase rates as it is ultimately the 

18    ratepayer, as is so often the case, that is going 

19    to have to pay the burdens that this body 

20    continues to seek to impose on utilities.  Those 

21    burdens are ultimately paid by ratepayers.

22                 I would just like to ask a question 

23    on Part P, which I think is also Senator Parker.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Yes.  

25                 Will the sponsor yield? 


                                                               5391

 1                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

 2    Madam President.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you.  

 6    Through you, Madam President.  

 7                 This legislation refers to 

 8    differentiated income tiers.  Can you explain 

 9    what those are?

10                 (Pause.)

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

12    through you.  These differentiated tiers really 

13    segment the different programs that are provided 

14    by NYSERDA.

15                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, will 

16    the sponsor yield to another question?  

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    sponsor yield?  

19                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

20    Madam President.  

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    Senator yields.

23                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, 

24    Madam President.  Senator Parker, you'd been 

25    asked earlier, I believe by Senator Walczyk, with 


                                                               5392

 1    regard to -- with regard to whether these income 

 2    tiers would be considered by the Public Service 

 3    Commission and how it was that the Public Service 

 4    Commission would determine the economic impact 

 5    upon income in terms of utility rates.  

 6                 And I believe that the answer was 

 7    that we don't require the methodology in the 

 8    legislation as to how they're supposed to do 

 9    that.

10                 Do we know exactly how the 

11    Public Service Commission is supposed to 

12    determine what income is of the individual users 

13    or a category of users in determining whether the 

14    utility rates for that category are overly 

15    onerous?  

16                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

17    through you.  In this particular program it 

18    doesn't require the PSC to actually know the 

19    individual incomes of those ratepayers.  

20                 Within the context of the service 

21    area of the utility, they simply need to 

22    understand essentially what the income is 

23    generally of that category and then what the 

24    energy rates are, and to be able to determine 

25    whether in fact the utility is essentially 


                                                               5393

 1    overcharging for rates in that particular service 

 2    area.

 3                 So it does not require them to do 

 4    that.  Nor do we dictate to the PSC how they in 

 5    fact -- the modality or the metric that they use 

 6    in order to get to that point.

 7                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, 

 8    Madam President, will the sponsor yield to 

 9    another question?  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

11    sponsor yield?  

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

13    Madam President.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

15    sponsor yields.  

16                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Since the 

17    legislation is silent as to how that is to be 

18    done, would the Public Service Commission be able 

19    to require that individual ratepayers submit 

20    their personal income taxes?

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

22    through you.  I would say no, because the 

23    legislation does not permit that.  It doesn't 

24    provide for that.

25                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Through you, 


                                                               5394

 1    Madam President, will the sponsor continue to 

 2    yield?  

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 4    sponsor yield? 

 5                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

 6    Madam President.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    sponsor yields.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I understand your 

10    earlier comment -- through you, Madam President, 

11    of course -- your earlier comment that it doesn't 

12    spell out the methodology in the legislation.  My 

13    concern is that the absence of any instruction to 

14    the Public Service Commission leaves it open to 

15    them to determine income by whatever means they 

16    see fit.  

17                 Are there any protections within the 

18    legislation to prevent them from requiring that 

19    there's income information for individual 

20    neighbors or individual ratepayers that has to be 

21    submitted to the Public Service Commission for 

22    the purpose of what's attempting to be 

23    accomplished in the legislation?  

24                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

25    through you.  It actually would be inefficient 


                                                               5395

 1    for the PSC to canvass 20 million people in the 

 2    State of New York to determine their income.  

 3    There are a lot more efficient, you know, 

 4    methodologies and metrics that can be used to do 

 5    that.

 6                 So I don't see a dynamic in which 

 7    that would be the way that the PSC sees to 

 8    implement this law.

 9                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

10    Senator Parker.  I certainly would hope not.

11                 Switching to Part U.

12                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   One moment, 

13    Madam President, while we get the member who 

14    would answer to that.  It was not on the list, so 

15    we're not ready.  

16                 Ready in a moment, Senator Rhoads.  

17    Just one second.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   I apologize.

19                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   No problem.  

20                 Let's stand at ease for a moment, 

21    Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    Senate will stand at ease.

24                 (Whereupon, the Senate stood at ease 

25    at 6:56 p.m.)


                                                               5396

 1                 (Whereupon, the Senate reconvened at 

 2    6:58 p.m.)

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

 4    Gianaris.

 5                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Thank you, 

 6    Madam President.  We're ready to resume.  

 7                 Senator Kavanagh will be answering 

 8    any questions on this part.

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

10    Kavanagh, do you yield?  

11                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   I do, thank you.  

12                 And apologies for the delay.

13                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

14    Senator Kavanagh.  

15                 Through you, Madam President.  

16    Referring to Part U, Subpart C, will the New York 

17    State Department of Transportation -- well, will 

18    the state entity constructing housing within the 

19    Town of Babylon be required to comply with local 

20    zoning?

21                 SENATOR KAVANAGH:   Through you, 

22    Madam President, there's nothing in this bill 

23    that overrides local zoning.  

24                 So yeah.  The short answer is as far 

25    as we know, yes.


                                                               5397

 1                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

 2    Senator Kavanagh.

 3                 Thank you, Madam President.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Thank 

 5    you, Senator.

 6                 Senator O'Mara, why do you rise?

 7                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

 8    Madam President.  I have a couple of questions on 

 9    Part XX regarding the changes to Tier 6.

10                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President, 

11    that will be Senator Jackson.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

13    Jackson, do you yield?  

14                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes, 

15    Madam President, I yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

17    Senator yields.

18                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, what is 

19    the fiscal impact to the state and local 

20    governments as a result of these changes to 

21    Tier 6 here?

22                 SENATOR JACKSON:   It depends on the 

23    environment of the negotiations that took place 

24    as far as New York City, upstate New York.  So it 

25    depends.  


                                                               5398

 1                 But there is a cost factor because 

 2    of the negotiations that have taken place with 

 3    respect to the parties in order to ensure that an 

 4    increase of what they wanted at the table was put 

 5    in place.

 6                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

 7    Senator.  

 8                 Madam President, if the Senator will 

 9    continue to yield.  

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

11    Jackson, do you yield?

12                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    Senator yields.

15                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, the 

16    figures that I've reviewed relative to this 

17    section estimate the total cost impact of this to 

18    both the state and all local governments and 

19    school districts to be about $557 million a year.

20                 SENATOR JACKSON:   To be more 

21    specific, 546.

22                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Okay, so -- 

23    through you, Madam President, if the Senator --

24                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Five hundred 

25    forty-six million.  


                                                               5399

 1                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

 2    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

 3    yield.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 5    Senator yield?  

 6                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes, I yield.  

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 8    Senator yields.

 9                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you.

10                 Senator, of that $546 million 

11    figure, how much of that is to be paid by 

12    New York State as opposed to local governments?

13                 SENATOR JACKSON:   The one-year cost 

14    estimate for New York State will be $105 million.

15                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Okay.  

16                 Through you, Madam President, if the 

17    Senator will continue to yield.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    Senator yield?  

20                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

22    Senator yields.  

23                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, so if 

24    basically we take the 546 and subtract the 105, 

25    then the impact to the rest of the local 


                                                               5400

 1    governments and school districts in this state is 

 2    an aggregate of $441 million.

 3                 SENATOR JACKSON:   I believe so.  

 4    But I believe you, because you're who you are.

 5                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

 7    yield.  

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    Senator yield?  

10                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes, I yield.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

12    Senator yields.

13                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, what was 

14    the involvement in the negotiations of this 

15    Tier 6 with our local governments and school 

16    districts in making these changes?

17                 (Pause.)

18                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Well, we've heard 

19    from the unions regarding what their goal and 

20    objective is to bring more of the Tier 6 

21    performance to the members.  And the bottom line 

22    is that as far as it depends on the area where 

23    they live.

24                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

25    Madam President.  If the Senator will continue to 


                                                               5401

 1    yield.

 2                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR O'MARA:   So this cost of 

 6    441 million is going to be borne by the real 

 7    property taxpayers in those various local 

 8    governments and school districts.  Yet it seems 

 9    there was little to no involvement of the actual 

10    administrators of those school districts, the 

11    leaders of those local governments, counties, 

12    towns, villages, on that $441 million.

13                 Senator, what -- the impact of these 

14    increased costs on our local governments, first 

15    of all, why wasn't it picked up by the state?

16                 (Pause.)

17                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Based on the 

18    information that I have, it would be good for the 

19    recruitment and retention of employees that are 

20    being hired by the municipalities, and all done 

21    within the context of the unions.

22                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you.

23                 Madam President, if the Senator will 

24    continue to yield.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               5402

 1    Senator yield?

 2                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    sponsor yields.

 5                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

 6    Senator.  And I realize the motivation of the 

 7    stated reasons for trying to make these changes 

 8    to Tier 6.  Yet the lack of involvement of the 

 9    actual local governments being impacted by this, 

10    and those real property taxpayers that they 

11    represent, is very concerning.

12                 You know, we are talking here about 

13    a $268 billion budget, increasing spending this 

14    year by about $15 billion at the state.  And we 

15    couldn't find a way to cover $441 million for 

16    local governments?

17                 SENATOR JACKSON:   I'm not at the 

18    table, so I can't speak on that.

19                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

20    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

21    yield.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

23    sponsor yield? 

24                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 


                                                               5403

 1    Senator yields.

 2                 SENATOR O'MARA:   That's the 

 3    problem, Senator.  You're not at the table, and 

 4    you're the lead of this issue.  And it goes for 

 5    so many of these issues that we're talking about 

 6    here today, that those that are responsible for 

 7    making the ultimate decisions here aren't here to 

 8    answer questions.

 9                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Madam President,  

10    can I remind Senator O'Mara that his comments 

11    should be directed through you, not directly to 

12    Senator Jackson.  Thank you.

13                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

14    Madam President.  Through you, if the Senator 

15    will continue to yield.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Will the 

17    Senator yield? 

18                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

20    Senator yields.

21                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, what 

22    factor does the local government's tax cap play 

23    in what the increase in spending may be as a 

24    result of this Tier 6 change?  

25                 SENATOR JACKSON:   I don't know that 


                                                               5404

 1    information.  But they are the ones that make the 

 2    decisions about whether or not they're going to 

 3    be involved in the part as far as how much money 

 4    is there available.

 5                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

 6    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

 7    yield.

 8                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

 9    Senator yield?  

10                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes, I will 

11    yield.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

13    Senator yields.  

14                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Is the increased 

15    cost related to this Tier 6 change to local 

16    governments, is that going to be an exception to 

17    the 2 percent property tax cap?

18                 SENATOR JACKSON:   I don't believe 

19    so.

20                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

21    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

22    yield.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

24    Senator yield?  

25                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.


                                                               5405

 1                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 2    Senator yields.

 3                 SENATOR O'MARA:   If there's an 

 4    impact to a local government or school district 

 5    of greater than 2 percent as a result of this 

 6    Tier 6 change, will that local government have to 

 7    have the supermajority vote to exceed the 

 8    property tax cap?  

 9                 (Pause.)

10                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Those decisions 

11    are made at the level of the location with 

12    respect to what's good for the people of their 

13    district and for their children.

14                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

15    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

16    yield.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

18    Senator yield? 

19                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

21    Senator yields.

22                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Well, it's not 

23    really, Senator, because if this change in this 

24    law increases their budget by more than 

25    2 percent, they have no choice but to override 


                                                               5406

 1    the property tax cap and get a 60 percent vote.  

 2    Unless there is some exception to this that I 

 3    don't see in this legislation.

 4                 (Pause.)

 5                 SENATOR JACKSON:   The localities 

 6    and schools will make decisions about their 

 7    budget.  That's why they're there.  But if in 

 8    fact it does go over 2 percent, that's with their 

 9    knowledge, because they're -- when they agree to 

10    something, it's like you have a contract and you 

11    know what it's going to cost.

12                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

13    Madam President.  On the bill briefly.  

14                 And then I'll have a question on 

15    Part TT, if that member is here.  I think he 

16    left.

17                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

18    O'Mara on the bill.

19                 SENATOR O'MARA:   You know, that's 

20    the problem with this change here.  The 

21    concerning part of it is that the implications to 

22    local governments and school districts of this 

23    increase, who were not engaged in the discussions 

24    and ultimate negotiation and resolution of this 

25    very heralded change to Tier 6 that's been worked 


                                                               5407

 1    on for several years -- we left out a very 

 2    important player and party to that process and 

 3    what the implications will be.  

 4                 And no language in here on what the 

 5    implication will be to the property tax cap of 

 6    that local government if it's forced to exceed 

 7    that.

 8                 I have a question on Part TT, 

 9    Madam President.

10                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Senator 

11    Parker, do you yield?  

12                 SENATOR PARKER:   I do.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    sponsor yields.

15                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, on this 

16    blue ribbon commission that's being set up here, 

17    this was a legislative language add to this 

18    budget, right?  This wasn't the Governor's 

19    proposal.

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

21    Madam President.

22                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

23    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

24    yield.  

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 


                                                               5408

 1    Senator yield?  

 2                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

 3                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

 4    Senator yields.

 5                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Senator, there's 

 6    various appointments that are made here.  

 7    Basically, the Governor gets seven of the 11 

 8    appointments.  Two of them are designated as the 

 9    PSC chair and the NYSERDA president, and then the 

10    government gets another five.  So there's seven 

11    overall, of the 11 that the Governor gets to 

12    pick, correct?  

13                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

14    through you, no.  That seems to be a previous 

15    draft that's been changed.

16                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

17    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

18    yield.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

20    Senator yield?  

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, Madam 

22    President, I yield.  

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

24    sponsor yields.

25                 SENATOR O'MARA:   You know, again, 


                                                               5409

 1    one of the ramifications of dealing with messages 

 2    of necessity and not the constitutionally 

 3    required three-day waiting period, so that 

 4    last-second changes to these bills are actually 

 5    recognized, identified and clarified.  

 6                 So, Senator, what is the makeup of 

 7    the board, and who has those appointments?  

 8                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 9    through you.  The makeup of the board are five 

10    voting members that are designated by the 

11    Governor; two voting members each by each 

12    majority of the Legislature; and two additional 

13    nonvoting members that are designated by the 

14    Governor.

15                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

16    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

17    yield.  

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

19    Senator yield?

20                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

21    Madam President.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

23    Senator yields.  

24                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Are those two 

25    additional nonvoting members not identified as 


                                                               5410

 1    the chair of the PSC and the president of 

 2    NYSERDA?  

 3                 SENATOR PARKER:   Madam President, 

 4    through you, they are not designated in that 

 5    manner in the legislation.

 6                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

 7    Madam President, if the Senator will continue to 

 8    yield.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   Does the 

10    Senator yield?  

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes, 

12    Madam President.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT PERSAUD:   The 

14    Senator yields.  

15                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Is the New York 

16    Independent System Operator required to be part 

17    of this commission?

18                 SENATOR PARKER:   I'm sorry?  

19                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Is NYISO required 

20    to be part of this?

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Two things.  

22                 Mr. President, first, I'd like to 

23    strike my last answer.  I am corrected that they 

24    in fact are designated, Senator O'Mara, as the 

25    president of the Public Service Commission and -- 


                                                               5411

 1    and -- Mr. President, through you, it's the 

 2    president of the PSC and the president of 

 3    NYSERDA.

 4                 Sorry, the chair of the PSC.  So 

 5    through you, Mr. President, the chair of the PSC, 

 6    of the Public Service Commission, and the 

 7    president of NYSERDA are in fact designated in 

 8    the legislation as the two nonvoting 

 9    appointments.

10                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

11    Mr. President, if the Senator will continue to 

12    yield.  

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

14    sponsor yield?

15                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

17    Senator yields.

18                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Why is the 

19    New York State Independent System Operator not 

20    required to be on this commission?  

21                 SENATOR PARKER:   Mr. President, 

22    through you.  That is not what the parties 

23    involved in negotiating it thought that they 

24    should be included in that way.

25                 Now, that does not preclude them 


                                                               5412

 1    from being involved if one of the parties that 

 2    make a designation decide that somebody from the 

 3    ISO should be the appointee to the board.

 4                 So they're not excluded, but they're 

 5    not specifically included.

 6                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Through you, 

 7    Mr. President, if the Senator will continue to 

 8    yield.  

 9                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Will the 

10    sponsor yield?

11                 SENATOR PARKER:   Yes.

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

13    sponsor yields.  

14                 SENATOR O'MARA:   The language of 

15    the draft that I have -- and again, I'm not sure 

16    if it's the final draft or not, and I'm moving on 

17    from that point -- is that "any person employed 

18    by a utility corporation, or employed by a 

19    corporation that owns or operates an electric 

20    plant, or any current consultant, advisor, board 

21    member, or any other person similarly affiliated 

22    with any such corporation, shall not be eligible 

23    to be appointed to the blue ribbon commission."

24                 Now, with that language, Senator, 

25    can members of various trade industry groups be 


                                                               5413

 1    chosen to be appointed to this by the appointing 

 2    authorities, such as the Alliance for Clean 

 3    Energy, IPPNY, NY-BEST, New York Solar Energy 

 4    Industries, New York Affordable Clean Power -- 

 5    those trade organizations, can individuals from 

 6    them be appointed on this commission?

 7                 SENATOR PARKER:   Mr. President, 

 8    through you.  They would be excluded because the 

 9    language excludes those who are representing the 

10    industry.

11                 SENATOR O'MARA:   Thank you, 

12    Mr. President.  That's all I have.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

14    you, Senator O'Mara.

15                 Senator Helming, why do you rise?

16                 SENATOR HELMING:   Thank you, 

17    Mr. President.  I'd like to speak on the bill 

18    before us.

19                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

20    Helming on the bill.

21                 SENATOR HELMING:   Thank you.

22                 Since the start of the 2026 

23    legislative session, there has been a lot of 

24    discussion about affordability and how we can 

25    reduce costs, make New York more affordable for 


                                                               5414

 1    everyone.  And a whole lot of that conversation 

 2    has focused on energy and utility costs.  

 3                 So as I was reviewing the bill 

 4    before us, I was really hoping to find a clear 

 5    plan to reduce costs for utility ratepayers and 

 6    for taxpayers.  But what I found instead was in 

 7    this bill Part M, which authorizes 28.7 million 

 8    in assessments on gas and electric utilities to 

 9    fund NYSERDA-administered programs.

10                 There was a question during the 

11    debate on what programs are we talking about, but 

12    no clear answer.  

13                 I have no doubt that those costs 

14    will be passed on to ratepayers, who are already 

15    struggling.  

16                 Part P of this bill creates an 

17    energy affordability monitor who will be 

18    appointed by the PSC, the same organization that 

19    reviews rate cases.  I'm pretty sure when I go 

20    home and talk to people in my district about 

21    this, they're going to say, Hold the phone, we 

22    don't need another person.  Just tell the PSC to 

23    stop raising our rates.

24                 Part TT of this bill creates a blue 

25    ribbon commission on residential affordability 


                                                               5415

 1    with appointments by the Governor and the 

 2    majority.  This group is going to be given at 

 3    least a year to come back with recommendations.  

 4    In the meantime, utility bills will continue to 

 5    rise.  

 6                 We already know that New Yorkers pay 

 7    some of the highest utility costs in the entire 

 8    nation.  And when it comes to CLCPA changes that 

 9    are outlined in this bill, still no information 

10    on what the implementation costs will be to 

11    ratepayers.  

12                 And I wanted to mention Part PP, 

13    which exempts major electric generating 

14    facilities from Article 10.  Why is that 

15    important?  I'll tell you why it's important to 

16    people in my district.  Because they're sick and 

17    tired of being cut out of the conversation, and 

18    that's what this will do.  They won't have a seat 

19    at the table on important discussions involving 

20    their communities.

21                 While this bill contains some 

22    provisions outside of energy and utilities that 

23    may be beneficial for some New Yorkers, in my 

24    opinion they don't outweigh my constituents' 

25    concerns regarding affordability, accountability, 


                                                               5416

 1    or local input.  

 2                 Taxpayers and ratepayers need 

 3    relief, and I'll be voting no.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Thank 

 5    you, Senator Helming.

 6                 Very timely, as the two-hour debate 

 7    limit has concluded.

 8                 Are there any other Senators wishing 

 9    to be heard?

10                 Seeing and hearing none, debate is 

11    closed.  The Secretary will ring the bell.

12                 Read the last section.

13                 THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This 

14    act shall take effect immediately.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

16    roll.

17                 (The Secretary called the roll.)

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   I'm 

19    compelled to remind my colleagues again that the 

20    vote explanation is two minutes.  Not two minutes 

21    and five seconds or 10 seconds -- two minutes.  

22                 The first person to explain their 

23    vote will be Senator Jackson.

24                 SENATOR JACKSON:   Thank you, 

25    Mr. President.  I rise today at the end of a long 


                                                               5417

 1    and difficult road.  

 2                 After days of intense negotiations, 

 3    we are called to vote on a budget that carries 

 4    both progress and disappointment.  I cast my vote 

 5    not with ease, but with conscious effort, while 

 6    harboring serious concerns about portions of this 

 7    legislation.  

 8                 There are meaningful gains.  As 

 9    chair of the Civil Service and Pensions 

10    Committee, I welcome the progress we fought for 

11    alongside labor, long-overdue Tier 6 reform for 

12    teachers and improved benefits for firefighters, 

13    correction officers, sanitation workers, 

14    police officers and other public servants whose 

15    labor sustains this state every single day.  

16                 And several of these provisions come 

17    directly from legislation championed by my team.  

18    And I want to particularly recognize the Didarul 

19    Islam Police Recruitment Act, which allows Tier 3 

20    NYPD members to receive pension credit for prior 

21    service as correction officers, traffic 

22    enforcement agents, school safety agents, and 

23    police cadets.  

24                 We named this bill in honor of the 

25    police officer that was killed, Didarul Islam, so 


                                                               5418

 1    that his service, sacrifice and commitment to the 

 2    people of New York continues to live on not only 

 3    in memory, but in law.

 4                 Because public service must mean 

 5    something, the people who have dedicated decades 

 6    of their lives in this state deserve every bit of 

 7    a retirement system that recognizes the full 

 8    value of their sacrifice.

 9                 But Mr. President, I must also speak 

10    to my concern regarding the climate provisions in 

11    this bill.  When we debated the Climate Act in 

12    2019, one of the principles was early and 

13    meaningful actions -- not delays, not proponent 

14    postponements, but action.

15                 And as we move forward the 

16    Legislature must push the Department of 

17    Environmental Conservation to set and enforce 

18    periodic emissions targets by regulations, 

19    ideally annual targets --

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Jackson, how do you vote?  

22                 SENATOR JACKSON:   I vote yes.

23                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

24    Jackson to be recorded in the affirmative.

25                 Senator Walczyk to explain his vote.


                                                               5419

 1                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   Thank you, 

 2    Mr. President.

 3                 I was told today we have to save the 

 4    planet by bumping this timeline out a decade so 

 5    that we don't get sued by the green energy people 

 6    that say that we're not saving the planet fast 

 7    enough and that there is no science involved in 

 8    the decision whatsoever.  But everybody knows 

 9    there is a giant cost involved here, and people 

10    cannot afford it.

11                 Pushing the targets back may avoid a 

12    suit from dark money, but every program still 

13    exists.  You closed Indian Point, a 2-gigawatt 

14    facility, built out of that three natural gas 

15    facilities to actually make less power than that 

16    one nuclear power facility.  You spent 

17    $88.7 billion on green energy projects; taxed, 

18    assessed, fee'd and surcharged utility bills; 

19    sprawled solar panels all over New York and added 

20    batteries everywhere; built a power line to 

21    Canada.  

22                 And after seven years of this 

23    experiment, people's prices are 70 percent higher 

24    than the national average.  And that is because 

25    you're inflating demand and you're reducing 


                                                               5420

 1    supply.  

 2                 And here's the solutions that were 

 3    offered up today on energy cost.  You're not -- 

 4    you're not creating serious power production, not 

 5    removing any of the fees, and not eliminating 

 6    baked-in subsidies.  But your solution is a 

 7    nine-member commission of all appointed Democrats 

 8    to identify the problems.  I'll save them a year 

 9    before their report:  Stop.

10                 Your other solution:  Appoint a 

11    monitor to determine what people's incomes are.  

12    Well, I got news for you.  New Yorkers can't 

13    afford their energy bills.  

14                 And your final solution, a program 

15    to give utilities control over people's 

16    thermostats.  Wow.  

17                 In the words of C.S. Lewis:  We all 

18    want progress ... but if you're on the wrong 

19    road, progress means doing an about-turn.  In 

20    that case, the man who turns back soonest --

21                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

22    Walczyk, how do you vote? 

23                 SENATOR WALCZYK:   -- is the most 

24    progressive.  

25                 It's time to turn around.  I vote 


                                                               5421

 1    no.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 3    Walczyk to be recorded in the negative.

 4                 Senator May to explain her vote.

 5                 SENATOR MAY:   Thank you, 

 6    Mr. President.  

 7                 I want to mention a part of the bill 

 8    that hasn't been mentioned today, Part R, 

 9    reforming our State Environmental Quality Review 

10    process.  This is a tremendous win for New York 

11    State, and I'm grateful to our Majority Leader 

12    and to our amazing staff who worked so hard to 

13    get this policy right.

14                 SEQR reform removes a barrier to 

15    building housing more quickly, more affordably, 

16    and in places where it is most needed.

17                 With this policy we continue to 

18    protect the environment from harm while also 

19    stopping environmental law from being weaponized 

20    by wealthy litigants who just don't want new 

21    housing built in their communities.

22                 That weaponization drives up 

23    construction costs more than 10 percent, blocks 

24    many projects altogether, and results in pushing 

25    new housing out of town centers and into 


                                                               5422

 1    sprawling developments.  

 2                 On behalf of young families, 

 3    retirees, and workers who want walkable, vibrant 

 4    neighborhoods, varied housing types at attainable 

 5    costs, and short commutes, I vote aye.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 7    May to be recorded in the affirmative.

 8                 Senator Ryan to explain his vote.

 9                 SENATOR RYAN:   Thank you, 

10    Mr. President.

11                 I want to rise in support of this 

12    important legislation, and I also want to 

13    highlight a couple of measures that I believe are 

14    included that will make a real difference to 

15    New Yorkers.

16                 Number one, very, very pleased to 

17    see the significant action taken to address 

18    rising utility costs.  Families across my 

19    district and across the state have opened their 

20    monthly bills and wondered why and how they're 

21    supposed to keep up.  

22                 This budget bill includes reforms 

23    that increase transparency, limit unjustified 

24    rate increases, crack down on improper utility 

25    spending, and put greater focus on affordability.  


                                                               5423

 1    These are commonsense steps.

 2                 Number two, I want to talk about 

 3    real-long-overdue reforms to Tier 6 -- teachers, 

 4    first responders, public employees who dedicate 

 5    decades of their lives.  Lowering contribution 

 6    rates, adjusting retirement provisions, and 

 7    modernizing overtime caps will not help retain 

 8    our current workforce, but will also attract the 

 9    next generation of town, village, county and 

10    state employees.  

11                 I want to also highlight these 

12    reforms and the pension and the benefit increases 

13    to our friends in corrections, NYSCOPBA; also our 

14    Police Benevolent Association of New York State.  

15    They need help, we're helping them, and it's 

16    about time we help them even more in their 

17    pocketbooks.  

18                 So these provisions reflect a budget 

19    that responds to their real concerns for every 

20    day.  

21                 I support this, and I vote aye.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

23    Ryan to be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Senator Ramos to explain her vote.

25                 SENATOR RAMOS:   Thank you, 


                                                               5424

 1    Mr. President.

 2                 Back in 2022 my district was ravaged 

 3    by Hurricane Ida.  I believe it was 

 4    Governor Hochul's first or at least one of her 

 5    first days in her new charge.  She came back to 

 6    East Elmhurst three days in a row.  She saw how 

 7    so many of my neighbors drowned, others almost 

 8    drowned.  Many lost their cancer medication, 

 9    mementos and pictures that were special to their 

10    family.

11                 And so I thought that maybe this 

12    year we would really push the pedal to the metal 

13    on the improvements we need to see in our climate 

14    law implementation, which would lead to the lower 

15    bills that our constituents are looking for.

16                 And so despite this grave 

17    disappointment to my neighbors in East Elmhurst 

18    and in the surrounding areas, I am voting aye 

19    because there are big wins for working people in 

20    this budget bill, particularly on Tier 6 reform.  

21                 I know that many union members have 

22    been vocal about how necessary that reform is to 

23    recruiting and retaining talent to our state 

24    agencies and our city agencies back home.

25                 So I am thankful, above all, to 


                                                               5425

 1    Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins.  I know 

 2    it hasn't been an easy process this year.  This 

 3    bill has many flaws, as do others.  But I know my 

 4    coworkers and I are steadfast in our journey to 

 5    ensure that this state works for everyone.

 6                 Thank you.

 7                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 8    Ramos to be recorded in the affirmative.

 9                 Senator Zellner to explain his vote.

10                 SENATOR ZELLNER:   Thank you, 

11    Mr. President.

12                 I rise in support of this bill.  

13    This is a large and complex agreement, but the 

14    through line for me is pretty clear:  

15    Affordability and accountability.

16                 Across this state people are feeling 

17    the pressure of rising costs, especially when it 

18    comes to utilities, housing, insurance and 

19    everyday expenses.  This bill takes steps to 

20    address that by putting more focus on ratepayer 

21    protections, transparency, and how costs are set, 

22    and in cutting red tape so people are not paying 

23    more than they should.  

24                 Just as important, it moves us 

25    towards a system where there's more clarity, 


                                                               5426

 1    where families can actually understand what's 

 2    driving their bills and whether there's real 

 3    accountability when decisions are made that 

 4    affect affordability.  

 5                 For my community, we're working hard 

 6    to grow the economy and strengthen our 

 7    neighborhoods.  But none of that works if people 

 8    can't afford to stay here.  Affordability is what 

 9    determines whether progress is sustainable.  

10    That's why I'm voting aye on this bill.  

11                 Thanks, Mr. President.  

12                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

13    Zellner to be recorded in the affirmative.

14                 Senator Mayer to explain her vote.

15                 SENATOR MAYER:   I rise to support 

16    this legislation.  And like most complex pieces 

17    of legislation, I'm not happy with every part of 

18    it.  But I'm very happy with some parts of it 

19    that we did not discuss today, Part N and Part O. 

20                 Real changes to the ratemaking 

21    process by which the Public Service Commission 

22    determines the rates that are the cause of so 

23    many of our constituents' complaints here, and 

24    have come up repeatedly without discussion of the 

25    process.


                                                               5427

 1                 Credit to this conference for 

 2    leading the way on reform of the ratemaking 

 3    process.  And so many of the bills that are 

 4    included, in whole or in part, in this budget 

 5    reflect a commitment to changing that process and 

 6    making the process work for ratepayers and not 

 7    for utility companies.

 8                 There are multiple bills which were 

 9    included here that would not have been included 

10    had not the constituents that we represent spoken 

11    up and made clear they want a change that puts 

12    their interests ahead of the utility companies.

13                 So for that reason and many others, 

14    I'm proud to be voting aye.

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Mayer to be recorded in the affirmative.

17                 Senator Rhoads to explain his vote.

18                 SENATOR RHOADS:   Thank you, 

19    Mr. President.

20                 In the four years that I've had the 

21    honor of being in this chamber, and for -- since 

22    2019, when the CLCPA was passed, the Republican 

23    Conference has been warning that the CLCPA and 

24    the provisions of the CLCPA would drive up 

25    utility costs.


                                                               5428

 1                 And now we're seeing it.  The proof 

 2    is in the pudding.  Utility rates in New York are 

 3    70 percent higher than the national average.  And 

 4    the reason that we're hearing so much from our 

 5    constituents about the fact that their bills 

 6    continue to go higher and higher is a reflection 

 7    of that reality.

 8                 As much as my colleagues on the 

 9    other side try to find excuses for why that may 

10    be the case, this bill says the quiet part out 

11    loud and tells the story.  NYSERDA, the energy 

12    experts, are the ones that said that the 

13    deadlines couldn't be met, are the ones that said 

14    that it would drive up the cost of utilities for 

15    the average family within the next five years by 

16    $4100 above what's already been done.

17                 And this bill says the quiet part 

18    out loud because my colleagues on the other side 

19    of the aisle secretly know it too.

20                 We've now pushed back deadlines.  We 

21    are now no longer considering electricity, gas 

22    and oil that's produced from other states in our 

23    carbon footprint.  It's time for us to 

24    acknowledge the simple reality that it does not 

25    work.


                                                               5429

 1                 The only way that the CLCPA is going 

 2    to work as it's presently constituted is if, just 

 3    like the million New Yorkers that have already 

 4    left New York over the course of the last five 

 5    years, the 19.5 million that are left follow 

 6    behind them to North Carolina and Florida and 

 7    Texas.  And when New York has zero population, we 

 8    will have zero carbon footprint.

 9                 Mr. President, I vote in the 

10    affirmative.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Rhoads to be recorded in the affirmative.

13                 Senator Chan to explain his vote.

14                 SENATOR CHAN:   Thank you, 

15    Mr. President.

16                 So as my -- some of my colleagues 

17    have previously just pointed out the negative 

18    aspects of this particular bill, particularly the 

19    unrealistic goals of the CLCPA, which we need a 

20    lot of time, a lot more time to complete.

21                 So I'm all for green energy, but my 

22    colleagues also pointed out -- I'm being 

23    redundant.  My then 10-year-old daughter, in the 

24    year 2020, in her award-winning science project, 

25    said that -- warned everybody that their 


                                                               5430

 1    electrical rates are going to skyrocket if we 

 2    shut down IPEC.

 3                 But the part about this bill that I 

 4    want to speak about is about New York's finest, 

 5    New York's bravest, New York's strongest, and our 

 6    teachers.  All the civil service workers who are 

 7    vital to our community, people that we love so 

 8    dearly in our neighborhood.

 9                 I walked this path before.  I'm 

10    there, I'm home, and now I'm paying it forward.  

11    So I'm going to vote aye on this bill on behalf 

12    of them.

13                 Thank you.

14                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

15    Chan to be recorded in the affirmative.

16                 Senator Fahy to explain her vote.

17                 SENATOR FAHY:   Thank you, 

18    Mr. Speaker.  

19                 This has been a long-awaited budget.  

20    I rise today to vote aye as well.  But we are 

21    beginning to tackle the worst affordability 

22    crisis since 2008.  

23                 I think SEQR, the SEQR reforms that 

24    have not been talked about as much tonight but 

25    are truly important and really moving us in 


                                                               5431

 1    addressing the worst housing crisis in modern 

 2    history.  It will help to address the demand in 

 3    terms of trying to build 800,000 new housing 

 4    units over the next decade or so.  

 5                 That as well as many compromises, if 

 6    you've heard tonight, have been made with regard 

 7    to our climate goals.  But we will hear more this 

 8    week on other budgets about investments, critical 

 9    investments that will continue to build us toward 

10    energy investment and climate resiliency, given 

11    all the extreme weather patterns that we have 

12    seen.

13                 So we've got to continue to do more, 

14    to build more.  And at that, I also support a 

15    number of the utility pieces that have gone in 

16    here for utility relief, with some commonsense 

17    safeguards against future rate increases.  We 

18    have a lot more work to do, but we think we have 

19    some safeguards to minimize those rate increases 

20    and put profits back into ratepayers.

21                 I'm also very pleased with the 

22    Tier 6 changes.  I represent a very large state 

23    workforce, and I think this will help with our 

24    long-term stability and competitive benefits.  

25                 With that, Mr. Speaker, I vote aye.  


                                                               5432

 1                 Thank you.

 2                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 3    Fahy to be recorded in the affirmative.

 4                 Senator Gounardes to explain his 

 5    vote.

 6                 SENATOR GOUNARDES:   Thank you, 

 7    Mr. President.  

 8                 I join my colleagues who have 

 9    already spoken about the good provisions in this 

10    bill, particularly around utility reform and SEQR 

11    reform and Tier Six reform.  And I share a lot of 

12    the concerns that I know my colleagues have 

13    around some of the climate provisions of this 

14    budget bill.  

15                 I want to speak about two pieces of 

16    this bill that didn't get much attention during 

17    the debate that I want to lift up.  

18                 The first is Part Y, which is a 

19    version of my Stop Online Predators Act.  The 

20    internet today isn't a place where kids just 

21    visit anymore.  In many ways it's a place where 

22    they live.  They learn there, they play there, 

23    and they make friends there.  And for far too 

24    long the same games and applications that our 

25    kids open every single day have become hunting 


                                                               5433

 1    grounds for predators.  

 2                 Now, this is not just speculation.  

 3    On Roblox alone, last year more than 13,000 -- 

 4    there were more than 13,000 reported incidents of 

 5    child exploitation and more than 1300 requests 

 6    for law enforcement.  

 7                 Big Tech has had every chance to fix 

 8    this, but they have not.  

 9                 We are taking steps in this bill to 

10    protect kids from the worst of online predators 

11    and shutting off the conveyor belt that delivers 

12    kids on these online platforms to predators 

13    seeking to do them harm.

14                 I also want to lift up Part D, the 

15    super-speeders provision of this bill to require 

16    super-speeder installation -- speed-limiting 

17    device installation in the vehicles of the worst 

18    of the worst or the worst drivers in New York 

19    City.  This is a measure that I know will help 

20    save lives.  

21                 And if there's anything we can say 

22    we do in this chamber, what a gift it is to be 

23    knowing that we're going to save someone's life 

24    from being killed in a car crash because we have 

25    taken measures to curb the worst of the worst of 


                                                               5434

 1    reckless driving in our communities.  

 2                 And for those reasons and many 

 3    other, Mr. President, I vote aye.

 4                 Thank you.

 5                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

 6    Gounardes to be recorded in the affirmative.

 7                 Senator Martins to explain his vote.

 8                 SENATOR MARTINS:   Thank you, 

 9    Mr. President.

10                 You know, I appreciate the Tier 6 

11    reforms that we have in this bill.  I've often 

12    said that we should eliminate Tier 5 and Tier 6 

13    and move everyone back to Tier 4.  

14                 But I do think that these Tier 6 

15    reforms will make a meaningful difference to our 

16    state workers, our local workers, our police 

17    officers, correction officers and teachers.

18                 I appreciate the rollback of the 

19    CLCPA -- you know, the commitment to the 

20    environment while still giving time to get it 

21    right.  Because I still don't think we've gotten 

22    it right, but I do appreciate the fact that we're 

23    going to give time before we enforce all of our 

24    local communities and residents to have to absorb 

25    the impacts of the CLCPA -- especially for us who 


                                                               5435

 1    live on an island, Mr. President.

 2                 I appreciate the housing that's 

 3    going to be built on Long Island, the jobs that 

 4    means to our building trades.  

 5                 I have concerns about the SEQR 

 6    reforms, but I count on our local governments to 

 7    look out for the welfare of their local 

 8    communities even though I know that this is 

 9    undermining their ability to take a hard look at 

10    the environmental impacts for projects in their 

11    communities.

12                 And, Mr. President, I have concerns 

13    about the insurance reforms insofar as there has 

14    been no showing that it's actually going to 

15    reduce the cost of insurance premiums for people 

16    who are paying the highest insurance rates in the 

17    country.  But I'm willing to go along because I 

18    understand that we have to move the process 

19    forward and we have to make sure that we provide 

20    real relief.  

21                 I'll be voting aye.

22                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

23    Martins to be recorded in the affirmative.

24                 Senator Gianaris to explain his 

25    vote.


                                                               5436

 1                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, I 

 2    just want to take a moment to point out that 

 3    Senator Martins and all Republican colleagues who 

 4    were here at the time voted for Tier 6 when the 

 5    Democrats walked out of the chamber in protest.  

 6                 So I should just like to say that 

 7    he's welcome that we're fixing his horrible 

 8    mistake and glad that he's supporting what we're 

 9    doing today.

10                 Thank you, Mr. President.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Gianaris to be recorded in the affirmative.

13                 Senator Parker to explain his vote.

14                 (No response.)

15                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

16    Parker to explain his vote.

17                 SENATOR PARKER:   Oh, okay.  

18                 Will all of my colleagues across the 

19    aisle who asked me questions rise?  No, I'm just 

20    joking.  

21                 (Laughter.)

22                 SENATOR PARKER:   Let me say this, 

23    Mr. President, and explain my vote.  I proudly 

24    vote yes on this bill.  It's not perfect.  

25    There's a lot of issues that are being dealt with 


                                                               5437

 1    in the context of this legislation.  

 2                 I want to thank the leader and the 

 3    staff of the Democratic Conference of the 

 4    State Senate for their intrepid work to make sure 

 5    that we get a budget of the 12st largest economy 

 6    in the world done in a way that looks out for all 

 7    New Yorkers.

 8                 In the context of this debate, we 

 9    should understand that we again, you know, we can 

10    have our own opinions, we can't have our own 

11    facts.  The reality is the cost of utility prices 

12    that relates to energy is dictated by the global 

13    cost of natural gas, period.  No matter what else 

14    that you like to say.

15                 By the way, just so my colleagues 

16    know, the CLCPA hasn't even been properly 

17    implemented yet.  So like the notion of this 

18    $88 billion -- you know, I don't know where 

19    they're getting this number from.  But, you know, 

20    people just spewing things and not having to 

21    relate it to reality is not real.  Right?  

22                 And not to talk about, you know -- 

23    well, not to not talk about it, let's talk about 

24    the fact that Trump has started this illegal war 

25    with Iran that has closed the Strait of Hormuz.  


                                                               5438

 1    The strait didn't close on its own, it closed 

 2    because we're in an unsanctioned war.  Right?  

 3    And because we failed our responsibility as a 

 4    nation to deal with Russia and its encroachment 

 5    on Ukraine.  Those are the things that are 

 6    raising energy prices.  Right?  

 7                 And let's -- you know, let's talk 

 8    about the fact that your president, Donald Trump, 

 9    stopped our offshore wind projects.  That's 

10    what's raising prices here.  

11                 So let's be very, very clear about 

12    what's going on.  We're trying to save the nation 

13    and the state on energy prices, and we've done 

14    more than really almost any other state.

15                 Lastly -- 

16                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

17    Parker, how do you vote?

18                 SENATOR PARKER:   I vote yes because 

19    Tier 6 had to go.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Parker --

22                 SENATOR PARKER:   And this is a good 

23    first step.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

25    Parker to be recorded in the affirmative.  


                                                               5439

 1                 Senator Webb to explain her vote.

 2                 SENATOR WEBB:   Of course I go after 

 3    Senator Parker.  

 4                 I want to thank the Majority Leader 

 5    and the staff for the work they've done on this 

 6    budget.  This was a very difficult vote to take, 

 7    given the rollbacks to the CLCPA.  

 8                 And I want to be very clear.  It's 

 9    not only disappointing, but we are essentially 

10    making the work that we aimed to address with 

11    that legislation even more difficult with regard 

12    to ensuring that we are protecting the health and 

13    well-being of our communities.  

14                 And so it is my hope that what we 

15    will do as a body, that we will continue to 

16    address issues around climate change even more 

17    intentionally, as we do most certainly as a 

18    conference.

19                 The reason why I voted yes for this 

20    bill is because of the reforms that are needed, 

21    still that are needed to Tier 6.  We know in our 

22    communities that we are often struggling with 

23    recruiting individuals to work in the public 

24    sector.  But one of the greatest draws to public 

25    sector jobs was the benefits, and Tier 6 has 


                                                               5440

 1    created nothing but barriers to many folks who 

 2    are in Tier 6.  A number of us in this chamber 

 3    are in Tier 6, myself included.  

 4                 And so it is my hope that with this 

 5    vote that we are taking today to try to repair 

 6    the harm that Tier 6 has created, that we will 

 7    create much more opportunities for individuals in 

 8    public service to have benefits.  

 9                 And with that, Mr. President, I vote 

10    aye.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

12    Webb to be recorded in the affirmative.

13                 Senator Harckham to close.

14                 SENATOR HARCKHAM:   Thank you very 

15    much, Mr. President.  

16                 I want to thank colleagues on both 

17    sides of the aisle for an interesting debate here 

18    today.  

19                 Just want to focus on Part VV and 

20    some of the climate things for a moment.  This is 

21    not necessarily the way many of us in the 

22    Majority would have gone about addressing 

23    challenges with the climate law.  I've got to say 

24    this has been the most complicated, intense 

25    negotiation I've been a part of in the eight 


                                                               5441

 1    years I've been here.  

 2                 I want to thank our Majority Leader 

 3    and our staff for truly mitigating what could 

 4    have been a lot worse, better.  And to fight for 

 5    some meaningful programs that will have a direct 

 6    result on utility rates moving forward.  

 7                 It was our leadership that went to 

 8    the mat to include the New York ASAP Act in here.  

 9    It was our leadership that went to the mat to 

10    include $200 million to restart the NY-Sun 

11    program.  It was our leadership that went to the 

12    mat to get another billion dollars in 

13    Sustainable Futures and climate mitigation 

14    projects.  

15                 All of these -- and it was our 

16    leadership that went to the mat to talk about the 

17    utility issues and addresses what Senator Mayer 

18    brought up -- bills by Senator Hinchey, 

19    Senator Parker, Senator Mayer and others to truly 

20    address how the PSC does business and how our 

21    rates are addressed.  All of this will have a 

22    direct impact on the ratepayers of the State of 

23    New York.

24                 But I want to address one thing 

25    about the CLCPA as I close, Mr. President -- and 


                                                               5442

 1    I will be voting yes on this if I get cut off by 

 2    the orchestra playing -- which is in this 

 3    conference we take very seriously environmental 

 4    justice.  And that's what's the core of the 

 5    CLCPA.  

 6                 And many of the folks who talk about 

 7    and criticize the CLCPA don't have massive fossil 

 8    fuel infrastructure in your districts.  

 9    Unfortunately, it's the kids in other districts 

10    that are dealing with the particulate matter, the 

11    fumes and the pollution.  And so we take that 

12    very seriously.  

13                 So the CLCPA is not just about 

14    accounting.  It's not just about carbon and 

15    methane.  It's about public health for children.  

16    And we should never apologize for taking that 

17    seriously, and we should never apologize for 

18    fighting to address that in every way we can.

19                 I vote yes.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Senator 

21    Harckham to be recorded in the affirmative.

22                 Announce the results.

23                 THE SECRETARY:   In relation to 

24    Calendar 1328, voting in the negative are 

25    Senators Borrello, Gallivan, Griffo, Helming, 


                                                               5443

 1    Lanza, Oberacker, O'Mara, Ortt, Stec, Tedisco and 

 2    Walczyk.

 3                 Ayes, 52.  Nays, 11.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

 5    is passed.

 6                 Senator Gianaris, that completes the 

 7    reading of the controversial calendar.

 8                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, I 

 9    have a couple of motions here.  

10                 On behalf of Senator Kavanagh, I 

11    wish to call up Senate Print 1462, recalled from 

12    the Assembly, which is now at the desk.

13                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

14    Secretary will read.

15                 THE SECRETARY:   Calendar Number 

16    583, Senate Print 1462, by Senator Kavanagh, an 

17    act to amend the Public Authorities Law.

18                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Move to 

19    reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed.

20                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   Call the 

21    roll on reconsideration.

22                 (The Secretary called the roll.) 

23                 THE SECRETARY:   Ayes, 63.

24                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The bill 

25    is restored to its place on the Third Reading 


                                                               5444

 1    Calendar.

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I offer the 

 3    following amendments.

 4                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

 5    amendments are received.

 6                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   On behalf of 

 7    Senator Salazar, on page 34 I offer the following 

 8    amendments to Calendar Number 930, Senate Print 

 9    9928, and ask that said bill retain its place on 

10    the Third Reading Calendar.

11                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

12    amendments are received, and the bill will retain 

13    its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

14                 Senator Gianaris.

15                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Mr. President, 

16    the resolutions we took up earlier today are open 

17    for cosponsorship.

18                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   The 

19    resolutions are open for cosponsorship.  Should 

20    you choose not to be a cosponsor, please notify 

21    the desk.

22                 Senator Gianaris.

23                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   Is there any 

24    further business at the desk?

25                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   There is 


                                                               5445

 1    no further business at the desk.

 2                 SENATOR GIANARIS:   I move to 

 3    adjourn until tomorrow, Wednesday, March 27th -- 

 4    May 27th, excuse me.  It should be March 27th -- 

 5    May 27th at 12:00 p.m.

 6                 ACTING PRESIDENT BAILEY:   On 

 7    motion, the Senate stands adjourned until 

 8    Wednesday, May 27th, at 12:00 p.m.

 9                 (Whereupon, at 7:46 p.m., the Senate 

10    adjourned.)

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