Public Hearing - February 4, 2025

                                                                       1

 1  BEFORE THE NEW YORK STATE SENATE FINANCE
    AND ASSEMBLY WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEES
 2  ----------------------------------------------------
            JOINT LEGISLATIVE HEARING
 3             In the Matter of the
            2025-2026 EXECUTIVE BUDGET
 4        ON LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS/
                GENERAL GOVERNMENT
 5  ----------------------------------------------------
    
 6                              Hearing Room B
                                Legislative Office Building
 7                              Albany, New York
    
 8                              February 4, 2025
                                9:42 a.m.
 9  
    
10  PRESIDING:
    
11            Senator Liz Krueger
              Chair, Senate Finance Committee
12  
              Assemblyman J. Gary Pretlow
13            Chair, Assembly Ways & Means Committee
    
14  PRESENT:
    
15            Senator Thomas F. O'Mara
              Senate Finance Committee (RM)
16  
              Assemblyman Edward P. Ra 
17            Assembly Ways & Means Committee (RM)
    
18            Assemblyman Patrick Burke
              Chair, Assembly Committee on Cities
19  
              Senator Luis R. Sepúlveda
20            Chair, Senate Committee on Cities 1
    
21            Assemblyman Billy Jones
              Chair, Assembly Committee on Local Governments
22  
              Senator Monica R. Martinez
23            Chair, Senate Committee on Local Government
    
24            Senator Christopher J. Ryan
              Chair, Senate Committee on Cities 2

                                                                   2

 1  2025-2026 Executive Budget
    Local Government Officials/
 2  General Government
    2-4-25
 3  
    
 4  PRESENT:  (Continued)
    
 5            Assemblywoman Latrice M. Walker
              Chair, Assembly Committee on Election Law
 6  
              Senator Kristen Gonzalez
 7            Chair, Senate Elections Committee
    
 8            Senator John C. Liu
    
 9            Senator Jeremy A. Cooney
    
10            Assemblyman Charles D. Fall
    
11            Assemblyman Jonathan G. Jacobson
    
12            Assemblyman William Conrad
    
13            Senator Shelley Mayer
    
14            Assemblyman Steven Otis
    
15            Assemblywoman Rebecca A. Seawright
    
16            Assemblywoman MaryJane Shimsky
    
17            Senator Rob Rolison
    
18            Assemblywoman Jo Anne Simon
    
19            Assemblyman Al Taylor
    
20            Senator Roxanne J. Persaud
    
21            Senator Cordell Cleare
    
22            Assemblyman Michael Tannousis
    
23            Assemblywoman Jessica González-Rojas
    
24            Assemblyman Zohran K. Mamdani
    

                                                                   3

 1  2025-2026 Executive Budget
    Local Government Officials/
 2  General Government
    2-4-25
 3  
    
 4  PRESENT:  (Continued)
    
 5            Senator Patricia Fahy
    
 6            Assemblyman Anil Beephan, Jr.
    
 7            Assemblyman Landon C. Dais
    
 8            Assemblyman Jordan J.G. Wright
    
 9            Assemblywoman Claire Valdez
    
10            Assemblyman Kalman Yeger
    
11            Assemblyman Aron Wieder
    
12            Assemblyman Ari Brown
    
13            Assemblyman Jeff Gallahan
    
14            Assemblywoman Jenifer Rajkumar
    
15            Assemblyman Edward C. Braunstein
    
16            Assemblywoman Dana Levenberg
    
17            Senator Robert Jackson
    
18            Assemblywoman Maritza Davila 
    
19            Assemblyman William Colton
    
20            Senator Samra G. Brouk
    
21            Assemblyman Jonathan Rivera
    
22            Assemblyman Edward Gibbs
    
23            Senator Mark Walczyk
    
24            Senator Stephen T. Chan
    

                                                                   4

 1  2025-2026 Executive Budget
    Local Government Officials/
 2  General Government
    2-4-25
 3  
    
 4  PRESENT:  (Continued)
    
 5            Assemblywoman Chantel Jackson
    
 6            Senator Brad Hoylman-Sigal
    
 7            Assemblywoman Rodneyse Bichotte Hermelyn
    
 8            Senator James Sanders Jr.
    
 9            Assemblyman Alec Brook-Krasny
    
10            Senator Alexis Weik
    
11            Assemblyman Nader J. Sayegh
    
12            Assemblyman Lester Chang
    
13            Senator George M. Borrello
    
14            Assemblyman Harvey Epstein
    
15            Assemblywoman Karines Reyes
    
16            Senator Rachel May
    
17            Assemblywoman Rebecca Kassay
    
18            Senator Kevin S. Parker
    
19            Assemblyman Tommy John Schiavoni
    
20            Senator Jessica Ramos
    
21            Assemblyman Matt Slater
    
22            Senator Julia Salazar
    
23  

24


                                                                   5

 1  2025-2026 Executive Budget
    Local Government Officials/
 2  General Government
    2-4-25
 3  
    
 4                     LIST OF SPEAKERS
    
 5                                         STATEMENT QUESTIONS
    
 6  Honorable Eric Adams
    Mayor 
 7  City of New York                           12        20
    
 8  Honorable Mike Spano
    Mayor
 9  City of Yonkers                           
         -and-
10  Honorable Malik Evans
    Mayor 
11  City of Rochester
         -and-
12  Honorable Christopher P. Scanlon
    Mayor 
13  City of Buffalo
         -and-
14  Honorable Kathy M. Sheehan
    Mayor
15  City of Albany                            
         -and-
16  Honorable Ben Walsh
    Mayor
17  City of Syracuse                          181       214
    
18  Honorable Brad Lander
    Comptroller
19  New York City Comptroller's
     Office                                   
20       -and-
    Honorable Justin Brannan
21  Councilmember
    Chair, Finance Committee 
22  New York City Council                    311       331
     
23  

24


                                                                   6

 1  2025-2026 Executive Budget
    Local Government Officials/
 2  General Government
    2-4-25
 3  
    
 4                     LIST OF SPEAKERS, Continued  
    
 5                                         STATEMENT QUESTIONS
    
 6  Barbara J. Van Epps 
    Executive Director
 7  New York State Conference of
     Mayors                                   
 8       -and-
    Christopher Koetzle 
 9  Executive Director
    Association of Towns of the
10   State of New York                      
         -and-
11  Stephen J. Acquario
    Executive Director
12  NYS Association of Counties             388       414             
    
13  Dustin M. Czarny
    Democratic Caucus Chair
14  Election Commissioners Association
     of the State of New York
15       -and-
    Marina Piro
16  Counsel, Elections and
     Government Program
17  Brennan Center for Justice 
     at NYU School of Law 
18       -and-
    Erica Smitka
19  Executive Director
    League of Women Voters 
20   of New York State
         -and-
21  Karen Wharton
    Democracy Coalition Coordinator
22  Fair Elections for NY
         -and-
23  Susan Lerner
    Executive Director 
24  Common Cause NY                         527       544
    

                                                                   7

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Good morning.  I'm 

 2           Gary Pretlow, chair of the New York State 

 3           Assembly Ways and Means Committee.  

 4                  Today we begin the fourth in a series 

 5           of hearings conducted by the joint fiscal 

 6           committees of the Legislature regarding the 

 7           Governor's proposed budget for fiscal year 

 8           '25-'26.  The hearings are conducted pursuant 

 9           to the New York State Constitution and the 

10           Legislative Law. 

11                  Today the Assembly Ways and Means 

12           Committee and the Senate Finance Committee 

13           will hear testimony concerning the Governor's 

14           proposed budget proposal for local 

15           governments.

16                  I'll now introduce the participating 

17           members from the Assembly.  After that, 

18           Senator Krueger will introduce members from 

19           the Senate.  

20                  In addition, Ranking Ways and Means 

21           Member Ra will introduce members from his 

22           conference.

23                  We have with us today the chair of the 

24           Local Governments Committee, Billy Jones, 


                                                                   8

 1           Assemblyman Jones; the Cities chair, 

 2           Assemblyman Burke.

 3                  Also we have with us Assemblypeople 

 4           Shimsky, Wieder, Taylor, Jacobson, Fall, 

 5           Gonzalez-Rojas, Mamdani, Diaz, Valdez, 

 6           Braunstein, Seawright, Bichotte Hermelyn, 

 7           Simon.  

 8                  And we have as observers, not to 

 9           question, Assemblymembers Wright and Yeger.

10                  Senator?  

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

12                  Good morning, everyone.  So as always, 

13           we have committee meetings overlapping so we 

14           may see Senators and Assemblymembers coming 

15           in and out throughout the day, and we will 

16           try to make sure to recognize them when they 

17           get here.

18                  Also, just because of the crowd 

19           interest with the first panel, we're asking 

20           any Assemblymembers or Senators who come in, 

21           stay on the Assembly side or the Senate side 

22           as appropriate.

23                  We have the chair of Local 

24           Governments, Senator Martinez; the chair of 


                                                                   9

 1           Cities 1 -- we call that New York City -- 

 2           Senator Sepúlveda.  We have Senator Persaud, 

 3           Senator Hoylman-Sigal, Senator Liu.  

 4                  And my colleague Tom O'Mara, who's the 

 5           ranker on Finance, will introduce his 

 6           members.

 7                  (Off the record.)

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Go ahead, Senator.  

 9                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Thank you.  

10                  Good morning.  On the Republican side 

11           of the aisle we are joined by Senator Alexis 

12           Weik, our ranking member on Local 

13           Governments; Senator Steve Chan, ranking 

14           member on Cities 1; Senator Mark Walczyk, 

15           ranking member on Cities 2; and Senators Rob 

16           Rolison and George Borrello.

17                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Ra.

18                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Good morning.  

19                  We have Assemblyman Ari Brown, who is 

20           our ranking member on Local Governments; 

21           Assemblymember Lester Chang, who is our 

22           ranking member on -- we don't have Cities 1 

23           and 2, we just have Cities.  He's our ranker 

24           on Cities.  


                                                                   10

 1                  And we have also Members Beephan, 

 2           Tannousis, Gallahan, and Brook-Krasny.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Today looks like it 

 4           will be a long day, so we have time limits in 

 5           place which will be strictly enforced.  The 

 6           time limits are, for witnesses, government 

 7           witnesses get 10 minutes to testify, 

 8           nongovernmental witnesses get three minutes.  

 9           The chairs of the committees relevant to each 

10           governmental witness will get 10 minutes for 

11           questions and a second round of three minutes 

12           if desired.

13                  Ranking members of these committees 

14           will each get five minutes.

15                  All other members of the relevant 

16           committees will get three minutes and no 

17           follow-ups.  

18                  To all witnesses:  All written 

19           testimony has been submitted to the 

20           Legislature in advance, so we ask that all 

21           witnesses please do not read your written 

22           testimony to us.  Instead, please summarize.  

23                  To all legislators:  Please let myself 

24           or Senator Krueger know if you wish to 


                                                                   11

 1           question each witness or panel of witnesses.  

 2           After the opening remarks of each witness or 

 3           panel of witnesses have been concluded, the 

 4           list will be closed.

 5                  Everyone, witnesses and legislators, 

 6           should locate the time clocks, which are 

 7           conveniently located throughout this room.  

 8           Please note that when the clock winds down to 

 9           zero, you will be alerted that your time is 

10           up.  And I don't want to seem rude, but I 

11           will interrupt you.  

12                  Please be considerate and respectful 

13           of the clock so that everyone has a chance to 

14           be heard.  Please note that these time frames 

15           for questioning include both questions and 

16           answers.  So members are respectfully 

17           requested not to commence a question with 

18           insufficient time on the clock to permit the 

19           witness to answer.  

20                  Due to the length of our hearings, we 

21           have no alternative but to strictly enforce 

22           these time limits.  I should add that if 

23           there's any witness now or later in the day 

24           that has not yet registered, please do so at 


                                                                   12

 1           the top of the stairs.

 2                  I will now call the first witness, the 

 3           Honorable Eric Adams, mayor of the City of 

 4           New York.

 5                  Mr. Mayor.

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  {Mic off} -- back to 

 7           Albany, and to Cities Chairs Sepúlveda and 

 8           Burke, Local Government Chairs Martinez and 

 9           Jones, and members of the Assembly Ways and 

10           Means and Senate Finance committees.  

11                  My name is Eric Adams.  I'm the mayor 

12           of the City of New York.  And I'm proud to be 

13           here today with my team:  Jacques Jiha, 

14           director of our Office of Management and 

15           Budget; First Deputy Mayor Maria 

16           Torres-Springer; Deputy Mayor for 

17           Intergovernmental Affairs Tiffany Raspberry; 

18           and former State Senator and Senior Advisor 

19           to the Mayor Diane Savino.  

20                  Since day one we've been clear in this 

21           administration our mission has been to make 

22           New York City a safer, more affordable city 

23           that is the best place to raise a family.  

24           While we have to do more, we have made 


                                                                   13

 1           significant progress.  Crime is down on our 

 2           streets and in the subways.  In 2024, 

 3           homicides and shooters reduced for the third 

 4           consecutive year -- and are both down double 

 5           digits since we came into office.  

 6                  And what's more, our January crime 

 7           stats are now out, and for the second month 

 8           in a row overall crime in our city is down by 

 9           double digits.  Last month crime was down 

10           17 percent above ground and 36 percent 

11           below ground.  Shootings were also down 

12           22 percent last month, continuing the steady 

13           decrease we've seen.  And we've removed over 

14           20,000 illegal guns off our streets.  

15                  We currently have an all-time-high 

16           number of jobs in our city and broke the 

17           record for the most jobs in New York City's 

18           history eight times over the course of our 

19           administration.  And this is important:  

20           Unemployment has dropped among all 

21           demographics in general, but specifically 

22           Black and brown unemployment has dropped 

23           close to 20 percent.  

24                  These achievements would not be 


                                                                   14

 1           possible without our strong fiscal 

 2           management.  We have delivered three balanced 

 3           budgets.  The nation's leading independent 

 4           credit rating agencies have affirmed our 

 5           strong fiscal standing.  And our most recent 

 6           preliminary budget includes the largest-ever 

 7           capital plan for housing, infrastructure, 

 8           schools, libraries and more.

 9                  Last year we worked closely with you 

10           and the Governor to make progress on every 

11           single one of the legislative priorities.  

12           Together, we passed historic legislation that 

13           protects tenants and gives our city new tools 

14           to build the affordable housing needed to 

15           take on a generational housing crisis.  

16                  We won mayoral accountability for the 

17           second time, and we gained legal authority to 

18           close illegal cannabis shops.  The power you 

19           gave us allowed us to close 1300 illegal 

20           shops, and we're watching the legal industry 

21           profit.

22                  We passed legislation on red-light 

23           cameras and e-bikes to keep our streets safe.  

24           We removed over 80,000 illegal vehicles off 


                                                                   15

 1           our streets.  

 2                  And all this builds on our past work, 

 3           in partnership, to expand the Earned Income 

 4           Tax Credit for the first time in 20 years; 

 5           allocate aid to the unprecedented 

 6           international humanitarian crisis we face 

 7           together, and so much more.

 8                  That is why I'm here today to talk 

 9           about our shared priorities and how we plan 

10           to work with the lawmakers to once again 

11           deliver for working-class people.

12                  We're seeking support in four key 

13           areas.  First, passage of our "Axe the Tax 

14           for the Working Class" legislation to make 

15           life more affordable for working-class New 

16           Yorkers.

17                  Second, passage of the Supportive 

18           Interventions Act, to finally allow people 

19           with severe mental illness to get the lasting 

20           support they need. 

21                  And third, passage of measured reforms 

22           to the discovery law that would continue to 

23           protect defenders' rights while improving the 

24           efficiency of our criminal justice system.  


                                                                   16

 1           We know how important it is, and we want to 

 2           continue to do so.

 3                  We also did something significant in 

 4           our City of Yes for Housing plan, the most 

 5           significant pro-housing reform in our city's 

 6           history.  We want to continue to move forward 

 7           and continue to expand and grow in this area, 

 8           something that the first deputy mayor has 

 9           been clear on breaking record after record, 

10           year after year, on building affordable 

11           housing.

12                  And with the help of Governor Hochul 

13           and the state's support, City of Yes will 

14           invest $5 billion.  These investments, 

15           combined with our generational zoning 

16           reforms, will create over 80,000 new homes 

17           over the next 15 years across every 

18           neighborhood in the five boroughs.

19                  Working-class New Yorkers must be able 

20           to afford groceries, medicine, 

21           transportation, and other necessities.  Every 

22           penny counts to our families, and that's why 

23           we're proud that we put $30 billion back into 

24           the pockets of working-class people.  Over 


                                                                   17

 1           the next three years we will cancel over 

 2           $2 billion in medical debt for over half a 

 3           million of our city residents.

 4                  But there is much more to do, and much 

 5           more we can build on.  And that is why today 

 6           I'm asking you to join us in the "Axe the Tax 

 7           for the Working Class."  Assemblywoman 

 8           Rodneyse Bichotte Hermelyn and Senator Leroy 

 9           Comrie sponsored these bills.  It is 

10           significant for New Yorkers.  And at the 

11           moment when we face a historic affordability 

12           crisis, this plan will generate an average 

13           benefit of $350, a total of $63 million back 

14           into the pockets of 582,000 filers and 

15           dependents.

16                  Now, as I said over and over again, 

17           public safety is the prerequisite to our 

18           prosperity.  We are providing even more 

19           support for New Yorkers living on the streets 

20           and in the subways, including those 

21           struggling with serious mental illness and 

22           those at risk of entering city shelters, 

23           through a historic $650 million plan.

24                  We are adding 900 more Safe Haven beds 


                                                                   18

 1           and 100 Runaway Homeless Youth beds to 

 2           protect our most vulnerable.  We are 

 3           launching our Bridge to Home program, an 

 4           innovative model to provide homeless 

 5           New Yorkers with serious mental illness the 

 6           intensive support they need.

 7                  Our administration has already moved 

 8           2800 people from streets and subways to 

 9           permanent housing, and our partnership with 

10           SCOUT and PATH put clinicians with law 

11           enforcement officers to continue that 

12           success.  This is why we're really calling on 

13           you to enact the Supportive Interventions 

14           Act, which clarifies that a person requires 

15           hospitalization if a mental illness is 

16           preventing them from meeting their basic 

17           human needs of food, clothing, shelter or 

18           medical needs.  It also will help ensure 

19           people remain hospitalized until they are 

20           truly ready for discharge.  

21                  We are grateful for the Governor's 

22           embrace of many of these proposals and look 

23           forward to working with you to pass 

24           meaningful reforms this year.  


                                                                   19

 1                  Next, we also must do more to ensure 

 2           repeat offenders are truly held accountable.  

 3           Well-meaning criminal justice reform has led 

 4           to an unintended consequence, and this 

 5           includes dismissal of cases due to minor 

 6           violations.  We need your help in this area, 

 7           as the five district attorneys have joined us 

 8           in this initiative.

 9                  Finally, as I have said many times, no 

10           city should have to shoulder the cost of an 

11           international humanitarian crisis on its own.  

12           Our fiscal year 2026 preliminary budget is 

13           balanced and includes $2.4 billion in savings 

14           in this fiscal year and the next, related to 

15           the decline in migrant arrivals over the past 

16           31 weeks.  

17                  This trend is due to the steps we have 

18           taken to put more than 184,000 migrants on 

19           the path to self-sufficiency.  But we need 

20           help.  We spent close to $7 billion to care 

21           for immigrants and migrants over just three 

22           fiscal years, and anticipate spending 

23           billions more in the years to come.  

24                  While we appreciate the contributions 


                                                                   20

 1           the state has made, we know we have a gap of 

 2           a $1.1 billion budget shortfall for this 

 3           program within 12 weeks that we must fill.  

 4           This is on top of the costs of complying with 

 5           the New York State budget provision that will 

 6           cost New York City taxpayers $165 million 

 7           more annually for the MTA needs and 

 8           $347 million from lower-than-expected 

 9           Foundation Aid.

10                  We have high hopes for the year to 

11           come.  We're looking forward to working with 

12           you as we fight to make New York City a 

13           safer, more affordable city, the best place 

14           to live and raise a family for generations to 

15           come.  

16                  I look forward to your questions as we 

17           go into the needs of the city.  Thank you 

18           very much.

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  (Mic off; 

20           inaudible.)

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Good morning, 

22           Mr. Mayor.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Last year in the 


                                                                   21

 1           New York State budget we budgeted 

 2           $2.3 billion for the migrant crisis, as you 

 3           just mentioned.  My questions are pretty 

 4           simple.  How much of that money has been 

 5           spent?  How was it spent -- programs, 

 6           et cetera?  And what is the amount left over, 

 7           and how will that be spent?

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Jacques Jiha, the 

 9           budget director, will give you the exact 

10           numbers.  But the spending went to all means 

11           of care.  When a migrant or asylum seeker 

12           came into the city, we had to pay for 

13           housing, educating the children, clothing, 

14           cleaning, security, all the things that an 

15           adult would need.

16                  And what we have done, as the costs 

17           have come in, we have to return the receipts 

18           to the state to be reimbursed for the dollars 

19           that we spent and how much we are spending.

20                  Jacques, can you go over the exact 

21           numbers?

22                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Yes.  Thus 

23           far we spent over $7 billion.  As you know, 

24           the grants that we get from the state is a 


                                                                   22

 1           reimbursable grant.  So we spent first, we 

 2           advance the resources, and then get 

 3           reimbursement from the state.  Thus far we 

 4           have claimed about a billion dollars, and we 

 5           have another claim for another 750 --

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  I'm sorry, you've 

 7           spent a billion dollars of the 2.3 billion?  

 8                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  No.  No.  

 9           We claimed -- we received a billion dollars 

10           from the state so far.  We put a claim for 

11           750, okay, and we're still working with the 

12           state to process all the other -- the rest of 

13           the claims.

14                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  So that 

15           2.3 billion that was allocated hasn't been 

16           spent down yet.

17                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Every 

18           single dollar has been allocated.

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Every single 

20           dollar has been allocated?

21                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Has been 

22           allocated.  The issue is reimbursement, how 

23           much we're getting back from the state.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.


                                                                   23

 1                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  We received 

 2           so far a billion.  We put in a claim for 

 3           $750 million.  And we're putting in a claim 

 4           for the rest of the resources.

 5                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  So you're waiting 

 6           for the reimbursable from the state to get 

 7           the -- to spend down the extra money, the 

 8           2.3 billion.

 9                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Yes.

10                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  It will be all 

11           allocated and spent out.

12                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And, Assemblyman, we 

13           still have 46,000 still in our care.  And we 

14           have successfully moved over 180,000 out of 

15           the care and we've successfully brought down 

16           the cost of the migrant asylum seeker crisis 

17           from our 30- and 60-day program to move 

18           people on to the next step.

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Is this contracted 

20           out?  How is it actually spent?  How is it -- 

21           through the programs, you mentioned a few of 

22           the programs.  But how is the money actually 

23           spent?  Do we contract that out with groups 

24           to spend it?  How does that work?


                                                                   24

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  A combination of 

 2           everything from housing to utilizing small 

 3           hotel spaces to building out the Randall 

 4           Island to building out the Floyd Bennett 

 5           Field to building out Creedmoor, putting 

 6           up -- placing the tents up into place, paying 

 7           for food, paying for services.  All the 

 8           services that you could think of, from a 

 9           combination of city employees to contracts 

10           out to individuals.

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  How much would you 

12           say is out -- contracted out, out of that 

13           2.3 billion?  

14                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  It's -- 

15           most of it is contracted out.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Pardon?

17                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Most of it 

18           is contracted out.

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.  And how 

20           many migrants do you have in your care from 

21           when you started to now?  

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We've had a total of 

23           220,000 that have gone through our system.  

24           Now we're down to 46,000.  At one time we had 


                                                                   25

 1           a high of approximately 97,000 at any given 

 2           time.

 3                  We were experiencing anywhere from 

 4           4,000 a week, 8,000 every two weeks, 16,000 a 

 5           month, that we had to cycle through the 

 6           system.  And we got a lot of pushback when we 

 7           said we were going to limit the 30 and 60 

 8           days.  But people did not come here to live 

 9           in a shelter.  They came here to take the 

10           next step on the journey, and we moved 

11           forward regardless of that pushback.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay, thank you.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

14                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?  

15                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you very 

16           much.  

17                  Good morning, Mr. Mayor.

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning, 

19           Senator, how are you?

20                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Just for everyone 

21           on the panel, your testimony is getting 

22           printed, so you're sitting there going why 

23           don't we have the mayor's testimony -- it's 

24           coming.  So I just want to let everybody know 


                                                                   26

 1           that.

 2                  And our first speaker -- excuse me, 

 3           our first questioner will be Chair Martinez, 

 4           10 minutes.

 5                  (Off the record.)

 6                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Right, we traded 

 7           them because Senator Sepúlveda has a 

 8           conflict.  So put your mic on.  Ten minutes, 

 9           thank you.  

10                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  Good morning, 

11           Mr. Mayor.

12                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning, how 

13           are you?

14                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  I'm doing great.  

15                  I'm going to sound like a broken 

16           record, because I've asked this same thing 

17           for two straight years.  From 2007 to 2013, 

18           the Office of State Comptroller received 

19           approximately 41 percent of unrestricted 

20           state aid, which is known as revenue-sharing 

21           or AIM.  In 2006, New York State received 

22           $328 million in AIM funding.  In his infinite 

23           wisdom, Cuomo removed New York from AIM 

24           funding in 2011.  If New York City had 


                                                                   27

 1           insisted on returning that funding, in the 

 2           last 14 years New York would have received 

 3           about $4.6 billion in funding.  In the last 

 4           three years, over $1.2 billion in AIM 

 5           funding.

 6                  Myself and my predecessor on the 

 7           committee, Senator Jackson, have been 

 8           fighting a quixotic battle to get New York 

 9           City involved for this AIM funding.  And we 

10           have gotten -- 

11                  (Off the record.)

12                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm sorry.

13                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  We have gotten -- 

14           we have not been able to work with the city 

15           to restore this funding.  When we ask the 

16           administration and leadership about it, they 

17           say the city's not pushing hard enough for 

18           it.  

19                  So how do we get a commitment from the 

20           city to get a funding, AIM funding, which 

21           will probably be in excess of $200 million, 

22           which you can use for a lot of things, I'm 

23           sure, in the city, but we can't get the city 

24           committed to helping us get that funding for 


                                                                   28

 1           them.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You were right last 

 3           year, Senator, and you're right this year.  

 4           And I'm not quite sure why they're feeling 

 5           that we're not pushing hard enough for it, 

 6           because we believe it is important to get it.  

 7           And we would like to join you and the 

 8           colleagues up here, particularly those who 

 9           represent New York City, to assist us in 

10           pushing for that money.  

11                  And you're right, we need every dollar 

12           that we can to continue to deal with the 

13           crises that are in front of us.

14                  Jacques, you want to talk about any 

15           particulars there?

16                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  No.  We -- 

17           again, like the mayor said, we would very 

18           happy to work with you, okay, to make sure 

19           that we get this aid.  Diane and I were just 

20           talking about it this morning, okay, that is 

21           how critical we know it would be for the 

22           city.  

23                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  I've heard -- you 

24           know, I've had this discussion before and 


                                                                   29

 1           I've gotten commitments about it.  And I 

 2           don't know if you can sense the frustration I 

 3           have because there's a lot of money we can 

 4           get to the city for a lot of programs.  And 

 5           I'm not getting the kind of cooperation I 

 6           think we should be getting so that we can 

 7           make the city have even more funding to pay 

 8           for some of these programs.  

 9                  So later on you can tell me someone I 

10           can speak with.  I mean, Diane's been great, 

11           Tiffany's been great, but I need to get a 

12           real strong commitment so that I can get more 

13           money for the city.

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Help me -- define it 

15           for me a little, Senator.  When you say 

16           strong commitment and you're not getting the 

17           cooperation, help me understand that.

18                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  Well, someone who 

19           will reach out with me with the 

20           administration, someone who will call my 

21           office and say, look, we have AIM -- let's 

22           work on this AIM funding.  I haven't gotten 

23           anything like that.

24                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Okay.  Well, I'll do 


                                                                   30

 1           that.  I'm the somebody.  You know, the buck 

 2           stops with me.  And if you're stating that 

 3           you're not getting the cooperation you 

 4           deserve, next week we will hop on a Zoom with 

 5           the team and I want to get some specificity 

 6           on what you need to show that we are engaged.  

 7                  So it's going to start with me, and I 

 8           will make sure we do the follow-up with the 

 9           team.  I'm responsible for making sure you 

10           get what you need so you can deliver for the 

11           city.

12                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  I appreciate that, 

13           Mayor, and I will be reaching out to make 

14           sure that we can make this happen, because 

15           it's money that we can use in the city.

16                  The other issue I have -- and I've 

17           spoken to your staff about it.  Again, to 

18           Diane, Tiffany and some of your other staff 

19           members about the issue of the property tax 

20           reforms in New York City.  

21                  The plan that the city came up with 

22           and we worked on was going to benefit about 

23           70 percent of New York City residents.  The 

24           other 30 percent, we'll give them an 


                                                                   31

 1           opportunity to opt in slowly to the plan so 

 2           that they don't get this large bill.  But 

 3           70 percent of New York City residents are 

 4           paying, are subsidizing property taxes for 

 5           the richest people in New York City.  And the 

 6           system that your administration's plan came 

 7           to me a couple of months ago was great.  But 

 8           we can't get anyone to follow through -- 

 9           well, I shouldn't say that.  We're not 

10           getting this done at the rate that I think we 

11           should get it done so that more people in 

12           New York City can benefit from a fairer 

13           property tax system.  

14                  And again, I need your commitment to 

15           make sure that we can work this through, 

16           because it will be a great cost-saving 

17           measure for people in New York City who 

18           shouldn't be paying as much in property taxes 

19           as other, more affluent neighborhoods.

20                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And as you know, 

21           there's a court case that's currently 

22           underway as well.  And I'm glad you pulled 

23           back on that follow-through, because we have 

24           been really banging our heads against the 


                                                                   32

 1           wall to fix a broken system, property tax 

 2           system, that has been disproportionately 

 3           impacting particularly communities of color, 

 4           and I happen to be one of them.  Living in 

 5           Bed-Stuy, I know that I'm paying a 

 6           disproportionate amount of property tax.  

 7                  Both Diane and Deputy Mayor Raspberry, 

 8           they have been on top of this issue.  We want 

 9           to present our proposal as well to find a 

10           way, how do we not overburden our communities 

11           and further exacerbate this problem?  

12                  Tiffany, you want to follow up on 

13           that?

14                  DEPUTY MAYOR RASPBERRY:  Thank you.  

15           We'll be following up with your office in the 

16           coming weeks with our updated proposal and 

17           legislative language that you can advance 

18           here.

19                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  That's all we ask 

20           for.  Thank you.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah.  Yeah.  Yeah.  

22           Forty years -- 40 years, Senator, we've been 

23           fighting this fight.  Forty years.  And 

24           everyone kicked the can down the road.  They 


                                                                   33

 1           said, Let's wait until Eric becomes the mayor 

 2           so we can fix it.  

 3                  (Laughter.)

 4                  SENATOR SEPÚLVEDA:  Thank you.

 5                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Assembly.  

 6                  (Inaudible; mic off.) 

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  And we've been 

 8           joined by Assemblymembers Davila and Colton.

 9                  Assemblyman Burke.

10                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you, 

11           Chairman.  

12                  Good morning, Mayor.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning, how 

14           are you?

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Good.

16                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  So I'm the new 

18           chair of Cities.  I come from Buffalo, I'm a 

19           proud Buffalonian, so I'm getting my head 

20           around all these New York City-based issues.  

21           I've had the pleasure of meeting several 

22           members of your leadership team -- very 

23           bright and capable people.  So I'm looking 

24           forward to continuing those conversations.  


                                                                   34

 1                  I have a few questions, again, as I 

 2           sort of come in contact with these concepts 

 3           and New York City-specific issues for the 

 4           first time.  I want to talk about TFA, 

 5           progressive design, and joint bidding.  

 6                  So the TFA.  Last year you went up in 

 7           your request for I think $14 billion.  Now 

 8           the new request is $3 billion.  That's a 

 9           pretty dramatic increase, and now we're going 

10           to be at 30.5 billion.  That's double from 

11           what it was.  Can you explain why the city 

12           needs this?

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Jacques?

14                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Yeah, the 

15           city needs it because the Governor is asking 

16           for the city to cooperate, to provide 

17           resources to the MTA.  This is our 

18           contribution.  The capacity that you gave us 

19           last year was all used, because we had to 

20           make a commitment for class size, for four 

21           new jails, and for the BQE.  So all of the 

22           resources that were granted to us last year 

23           were fully utilized.

24                  So therefore this year, as part of our 


                                                                   35

 1           contribution to the MTA, the state is asking 

 2           us to give $3 billion, but at the same time 

 3           they also know we don't have the capacity to 

 4           fund it.  So therefore they're giving us the 

 5           capacity to issue $3 billion in one debt, TFA 

 6           debt.

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  So this 3 billion, 

 8           this is just going --

 9                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  It's going 

10           to the MTA.  It's going to the MTA.  

11                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  It's coming in and 

12           out.  And it's -- and then, you know, when 

13           you think about it, Assemblymember, we have a 

14           mandate by the City Council by 2027 to close 

15           Rikers Island.  It started out costing us 

16           $8 billion to close it.  It has now ballooned 

17           to close to $16 billion to close it, to build 

18           four jails that can house the current 

19           population that we have.  So we are dealing 

20           with some real capital issues.  And as 

21           Jacques directly stated, 3 billion came in 

22           but 3 billion is going out to the MTA.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  I'd like to follow 

24           up on that Rikers Island conversation a 


                                                                   36

 1           different time.  Just if you could make a 

 2           note of it.

 3                  Okay, I'd like to jump to progressive 

 4           design.  So we haven't really finished -- we 

 5           haven't finished fully implementing 

 6           progressive design now.  What is, you know, 

 7           the driver in expanding it before the process 

 8           has had a chance to complete?

 9                  SENIOR MAYORAL ADVISOR SAVINO:  Thank 

10           you, Assemblyman Burke.  

11                  If you recall, last year at our 

12           request the Legislature expanded progressive 

13           design-build for the City of New York.  In 

14           this budget process the Governor has said 

15           that she wanted to expand it statewide to all 

16           city agencies as well as expanding it to 

17           other city agencies.  

18                  But I'm looking around here, I think 

19           maybe myself, Senator Parker, 

20           Senator Krueger, and at the time, former 

21           Senator Adams, we were here when -- 

22           progressive design-build was born in the 

23           Legislature.  It was an opportunity to 

24           increase efficiency, bring projects sooner to 


                                                                   37

 1           completion, and drive down the cost.  

 2                  And it's been incredibly successful, 

 3           and this was an opportunity to first expand 

 4           it to other city agencies and now to the rest 

 5           of the state.

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Okay.  Right.  

 7           Good.  So and then lastly, I want to talk 

 8           about joint bidding --

 9                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

10           Assemblyman, if I could just add, we have 

11           also already compiled some data on what some 

12           of those early successes are with the 

13           additional flexibility that we have for 

14           delivering capital projects.  And already 

15           we're seeing savings, we're seeing the 

16           limiting of change orders, we're seeing 

17           dollar savings -- not just time savings, but 

18           dollar savings in the area of about 10 

19           percent for projects.  

20                  So we'd be happy to follow up with 

21           that data.  But any additional flexibility 

22           and more tools to deliver our capital 

23           projects means that for critical projects, 

24           whether it's energy retrofitting for our city 


                                                                   38

 1           buildings or the types of projects to improve 

 2           public housing, and many others that we're 

 3           able to build more quickly and more 

 4           efficiently for New Yorkers.

 5                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you.

 6                  On joint bidding, I've had more joint 

 7           building conversations than I ever thought or 

 8           wanted to have in the last couple of weeks.

 9                  Where is it?  Are all parties at the 

10           table?  And, you know, obviously I hope 

11           everyone's negotiating in good faith.  But 

12           again, as a Buffalo guy, dealing with joint 

13           bidding, you know, it seems to be something 

14           that continually comes up.  Where are we?

15                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  I'd 

16           be happy to follow up with that.

17                  As you know, Assemblymember, when we 

18           open up the streets we see a lot of things 

19           and there are a lot of owners and a lot of 

20           jurisdictional issues.  So joint bidding in 

21           general allows us to operate in a more 

22           coordinated fashion in order to get the 

23           projects done.  

24                  Specifically in response to your 


                                                                   39

 1           question, yes, we are in constant 

 2           conversation with all of the many 

 3           stakeholders, contractors, labor and 

 4           utilities on an improved proposal following 

 5           last year's extender.  And we certainly want 

 6           to continue that to ensure that any 

 7           additional improvements that need to be made 

 8           we're implementing properly.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Good, thank you.  

10                  Lastly, I want to follow up on Chair 

11           Jones's discussion on migrants.  This has 

12           certainly affected my area in Western 

13           New York.  You know, we've had our own 

14           issues, but it's sourced from New York, so 

15           New York City to the Buffalo area.

16                  Can you just take me through the 

17           process?  Because it's been such an issue.  

18           You know, my understanding is that most of 

19           this was -- some of it, at least, was sort of 

20           a callous political machination, you know, 

21           sending folks from Florida, from Texas to 

22           New York City.  

23                  I'm just curious.  Like you had this 

24           influx of migrants.  How are they getting 


                                                                   40

 1           there?  You know, was it based on New York 

 2           City's right to house?  And how did you deal 

 3           with that?

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, the influx was 

 5           coming through buses, through planes --

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  But buses from 

 7           where?

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm sorry?

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Buses from where?  

10           What was the genesis of them?

11                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  From Texas, but they 

12           were also coming from other areas as well.  

13           They were coming through planes, through our 

14           airports.  There were federally sponsored 

15           programs from the federal government that was 

16           doing the same.  So there was an 

17           accumulation; all roads were leading to 

18           New York City and New York State.  

19                  And we had an obligation to make sure 

20           that no child or family was sleeping on the 

21           streets, and we fulfilled that obligation.  

22           It was an unbelievable burden.  That we 

23           received from the federal government, as I 

24           stated, close to $7 billion.  They gave us 


                                                                   41

 1           roughly $200 million allocated for it, but 

 2           New Yorkers had to step up and fulfill the 

 3           obligation.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Okay.  I look 

 5           forward to working with you all in the future 

 6           and continuing to work with you.  And I would 

 7           entreat you, come to Buffalo sometime.  We'll 

 8           host you at a Bills game, the only NFL team 

 9           in the State of New York, so.  

10                  (Laughter.)

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator Martinez.

12                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  Good morning, 

13           Mayor.

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning, 

15           Senator, how are you?

16                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  I am well, thank 

17           you.  Hope the same for you.  

18                  I just have one question.  In the 

19           Executive Budget there is a proposal to 

20           increase the TFA by $3 billion.  This is the 

21           New York City transitional funding.  It 

22           should be -- usually it's a temporary funding 

23           that you get for bonding, but there's an 

24           additional 3 billion in this year's budget.  


                                                                   42

 1                  One, my question is, why the 

 2           recurring?  And is this $3 billion connected 

 3           to any MTA capital projects?  

 4                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  That's the 

 5           MTA capital project, yes.  Or the $3 billion  

 6           will go for the MTA.

 7                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:   Thank you.  

 8                  That's it for me, Chair.

 9                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

10                  Assembly.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Chang, 

12           five minutes.

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN CHANG:  Thank you, 

14           Mr. Mayor.

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.  Good to 

16           see you.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN CHANG:  Yes, good to see 

18           you.  And I represent South Brooklyn.  Of 

19           course you represented the Borough of 

20           Brooklyn when you were borough president and 

21           Senator, so we both know the borough very 

22           well.  And both of us live in New York City 

23           for a long time.

24                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And thank you for 


                                                                   43

 1           your military service.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN CHANG:  Well, thank you, 

 3           sir.  And your service in uniform as a 

 4           transit police too.  Both of us served 

 5           two decades. 

 6                  This is going to be broad in New York.  

 7           When you were campaigning as a mayor, you 

 8           proposed to stop the mega-jail in Chinatown.  

 9           And of course now you're elected to office 

10           and you said you're unable to close it 

11           because of the City Council mandate.  

12                  Now, right now it's stopped, that 

13           mega-jail, because the proposed cost has 

14           ballooned up to $3.5 billion.  That's what I 

15           was hearing from the news report.  Wouldn't 

16           that be better served to re-look and to have 

17           that mega-jail going back to Rikers Island 

18           and then save that 3.5 billion?  

19                  Have you -- or is there anything in 

20           our State Legislature to do something about 

21           that to override the City Council mandate?  

22           Because this to me is a waste of money and 

23           it's a real estate property that we'd be 

24           better served to use as senior housing or 


                                                                   44

 1           affordable housing in the Chinatown area, 

 2           which they desperately need.  And a mega-jail 

 3           in that community I don't think is a 

 4           well-thought-out avenue.  

 5                  And Rikers Island is a facility, all 

 6           we have to do is repurpose it and make it 

 7           better both for these inmates and possibly as 

 8           a homeless shelter as well.

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, we sat down, 

10           Assemblyman, with the City Council to point 

11           out how flawed this plan is of four more 

12           jails in each borough.  And it doesn't fit 

13           the current capacity of Rikers' population.  

14           Ballooning costs to get it done.  The 2027 

15           date is not a realistic date; 51 percent of 

16           the inmates on Rikers Island are dealing with 

17           a mental health issues, 20 percent are 

18           dealing with severe mental health issues.  

19                  So to build smaller Rikers throughout 

20           the city and not fix the problem is a 

21           problem.  

22                  Deputy Mayor Parker is presenting a 

23           real plan so that everyone can see how they 

24           must do a better job.  Too many inmates at 


                                                                   45

 1           Rikers Island are sitting there not getting 

 2           their court cases moved forward.  There's a 

 3           bottleneck in the system.  And I don't think 

 4           building four more smaller jails is going to 

 5           solve the problem when it currently does not 

 6           fit the current population and it almost has 

 7           doubled the cost.  

 8                  And this is in the power of the 

 9           City Council, not the mayor.  We have to 

10           abide by the law.  And we have had continuous 

11           conversations with the City Council about 

12           this.  I believe what we should be building 

13           is a state-of-the-art mental health facility 

14           to deal with that 51 percent so we can stop 

15           criminalizing mental health issues and start 

16           getting people the proper inpatient and 

17           outpatient care.

18                  But again, this is a City Council law.  

19           It's flawed.  We have to follow the law.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN CHANG:  As you mentioned 

21           in this testimony, migrants have decreased 

22           coming into the city, and you've been closing 

23           down major shelters for the migrants 

24           themselves, like closing down Floyd Bennett 


                                                                   46

 1           Field.  And recently I've been notified that 

 2           you plan to put homeless women in the family 

 3           shelter in Borough Park, as well as in the 

 4           Bronx.  

 5                  So why are we adding that while you're 

 6           closing down the migrant shelter?  Wouldn't 

 7           we just stop closing down and just repurpose 

 8           that?  

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You know, the one 

10           uniqueness that I've found in government, 

11           that I have not found one elected official 

12           that's stated, Please, put the shelter here.  

13           No matter where we put the shelter, we get 

14           the same questions.  

15                  When you look at places like the 

16           Bronx, where we have over 30 shelters that 

17           are located -- South Jamaica, Queens, and 

18           other facilities.  There's some places in our 

19           city that many of you may represent that they 

20           have either one or two or in some cases no 

21           shelter.

22                  And so it's not our desire to do that.  

23           As we deal with the population of migrants 

24           and asylum seekers that are here, we still 


                                                                   47

 1           have children and families who are in our 

 2           shelter system that are long-time 

 3           New Yorkers.  And what we're finding that's 

 4           even more fascinating, that a lot of the new 

 5           arrivals in the city are coming from other 

 6           parts of America.  They're not even migrants 

 7           and asylum seekers.  We're finding that other 

 8           Americans are coming to New York.  Our 

 9           incoming shelter population is increasing at 

10           an alarming rate.  

11                  And so we have to find places to do 

12           shelter, and it's unfair when you have a 

13           Councilman Salamanca who has over 30 shelters 

14           and then we have another community that may 

15           have one or two shelters.  It's unfair, and 

16           we need to spread out the shelter crisis of 

17           long-term New Yorkers and migrants and 

18           asylum seekers.

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN CHANG:  Thank you, 

20           Mr. Mayor.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

23                  Senator?  

24                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  We 


                                                                   48

 1           have our new Senator Chan, from Brooklyn, who 

 2           is the ranker on Cities.

 3                  SENATOR CHAN:  Thank you.  

 4                  Good morning, Mr. Mayor.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning.  

 6           Congratulations.

 7                  SENATOR CHAN:  Thank you very much.  

 8           And it's a pleasure to see you over here.  

 9           You and I were police officers right around 

10           the same time on the same job, although in 

11           different neighborhoods.  I think we see a 

12           lot of the same things.

13                  So building on Assemblyman Chang's 

14           question, do you have an idea of what it 

15           costs to, let's say, service a homeless 

16           shelter per man per day, on the average?  

17                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, that number 

18           is -- it's a lot.  It's a lot.

19                  SENATOR CHAN:  Yes, it's about $750, 

20           according to some of my own research in 

21           various databases, $750 per day per man.  

22           That's $22,000 month per person.  So what if 

23           we give them $200 a day for a month?  That 

24           comes out to about $6,000.  I think that 


                                                                   49

 1           would solve their homeless issue, now 

 2           wouldn't it?  

 3                  So now, going back to the jails and 

 4           the homeless and the migrants, right, I 

 5           understand that nobody wants a shelter in 

 6           their district, right?  Now, I'm not talking 

 7           about a district.  Do you think there's -- 

 8           every day we see new stories about violent 

 9           crimes in the subways, usually a lot of times 

10           perpetrated by homeless men.  The female that 

11           was burned alive in the subway happened just 

12           a few blocks out of my district in 

13           Coney Island.

14                  What's the sense of reasoning, 

15           insisting on putting a homeless shelter 

16           within feet of a subway station?  I'm talking 

17           about 20 feet.  When I say feet, I mean 

18           20 feet.  I mean, that's like putting a 

19           liquor store next to a gun store next to a 

20           school.  What's the sense of reasoning behind 

21           that?  I'm not talking about a district.  I'm 

22           talking about one particular location.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Mm-hmm.  So let's 

24           look at that for a moment, because you made 


                                                                   50

 1           two important points.  You were talking about 

 2           the cost of housing someone, and that cost 

 3           can, you know, actually put people into 

 4           homes.  That's why we passed the City of Yes.  

 5           Because every time you look to build 

 6           affordable housing, the amount of pushback we 

 7           get -- everybody says housing is a right, but 

 8           once you want to put it in communities, not 

 9           on my block.  

10                  So when we passed City of Yes, it's 

11           building a little more housing in every 

12           neighborhood in the city, the most 

13           comprehensive housing plan in the history of 

14           the city.

15                  And so yes, we want to transition 

16           people out of homeless shelters into 

17           permanent housing.  We've done that.  We 

18           moved people off our subway system, as you 

19           indicated, into permanent housing.  We've 

20           built more permanent housing, affordable 

21           permanent housing in Year 1 and 2 and single 

22           years in the history of this city, moved more 

23           people out of homeless shelters into 

24           permanent housing in Year 1 and Year 2 in the 


                                                                   51

 1           history of the city.  More people participate 

 2           in the vouchers program.  

 3                  And so when you say why would you 

 4           build it near a transportation, that's one of 

 5           the ideal places to build it.  Because many 

 6           people who are in homeless shelters or many 

 7           people who need housing don't need to have 

 8           access to good-quality transportation.  

 9           That's why you want to pick an identification 

10           like that.

11                  And let me finally say this.  I'm 

12           hearing all this about how dangerous our 

13           subway system is.  That's not the reality.  

14           We have 4.6 million daily riders, an average 

15           of six felonies a day -- six felonies a day 

16           out of 4.6 million riders.  And so no, we 

17           don't want to see someone burn to death.  No, 

18           we want to get rid of those six felonies.  We 

19           don't want the robbery in our system.  We got 

20           that.

21                  But we have failed in the perception 

22           issue.  We have not failed in the criminal 

23           justice issue.  These cops are working -- 

24                  (Overtalk.)


                                                                   52

 1                  SENATOR CHAN:  I'm sorry to cut you 

 2           off.  I understand that right now you're 

 3           converting a storage unit in the Bronx into a 

 4           2200-bed migrant shelter as you shut down 

 5           other migrant shelters.  

 6                  Why wouldn't you convert that storage 

 7           unit for a shelter for our own people?

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, we are -- we 

 9           are -- first of all, everyone in New York has 

10           a right to shelter.  So it's not as though we 

11           are turning away long-time New Yorkers.  We 

12           also have a shelter population of long-time 

13           New Yorkers.  Everyone that requires shelter 

14           is in shelter.

15                  So what we have successfully done, 

16           we've successfully navigated 179,000 people 

17           on the migrant and asylum issue out of the 

18           system.  We've closed down Ebbets Field -- I 

19           mean, we closed down Floyd Bennett Field.  We 

20           closed down the Randalls Island to turn the 

21           park back over to the people.  We've closed 

22           down even more.  We've closed down over 

23           40-something shelters to address the 

24           communities' concerns and needs.  


                                                                   53

 1                  Senator, we have actually --

 2                  SENATOR CHAN:  So why are you trying 

 3           to build a shelter 20 feet from a subway 

 4           station where kids and women and our families 

 5           and elderly have to travel to and from every 

 6           day, and jeopardizing the innocent victims 

 7           of -- a lot of times the mentally ill, let's 

 8           say.  I'm not saying that we shouldn't help 

 9           them, but --

10                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, Senator.

11                  Assemblyman Brown.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you, 

13           Chairman.  

14                  Good morning, Mr. Mayor.

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you?

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  As I said last 

17           year -- well, thank you.  As I said last 

18           year, it's nice to see the 

19           second-best-dressed guy in the state here 

20           before us.  

21                  (Laughter.)

22                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  I think we can 

23           agree that the first obligation of government 

24           is to protect its citizenry.


                                                                   54

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  And I'd like 

 3           to thank you for being one of those first 

 4           responders, a former police officer.  

 5                  As the grandson of a former FDNY fire 

 6           chief and as the father of a former volunteer 

 7           fireman, I have to ask, regarding congestion 

 8           pricing, why is it that our firefighters are 

 9           not getting the exemption for this congestion 

10           pricing?  These guys have to move their cars 

11           back and forth all day long to get from one 

12           firehouse to the other.  What's your opinion 

13           on that, and what can we do to rectify that 

14           injustice?

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, I think it 

16           starts up here.  You know, I'm not the 

17           creator of the program.  People stop me every 

18           day -- and, you know, people don't know all 

19           their lawmakers, but they know their mayor, 

20           and I get an earful every day.  

21                  Congestion pricing is managed by the 

22           MTA and the Governor.  They will make the 

23           determination.  We put in for several 

24           waivers.  We were able to secure $100 million 


                                                                   55

 1           for those areas that have an environmental 

 2           impact.  We were able to get waivers for 

 3           those with disabilities.  I would love to 

 4           have a slew of waivers, not only for 

 5           firefighters but TA employees, for teachers, 

 6           a whole host of people.  

 7                  But I don't make that decision and I 

 8           don't make that determination.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you, 

10           Mayor.  But we need your loud voice when it 

11           comes to this issue.  We love our teachers.  

12           Two of my daughters are New York City public 

13           school teachers -- 

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm sorry?

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  I said two of 

16           my children are New York City public school 

17           teachers.  

18                  But there's a big difference when it 

19           comes to our -- people who are our first 

20           responders.  Our firefighters need this 

21           exemption because if there's delays in 

22           getting to a fire because they're having to 

23           move their personal vehicles from place to 

24           place.  


                                                                   56

 1                  Your voice should be louder, if I may 

 2           suggest, and stronger.  Whether you have 

 3           control, don't have control, it would make a 

 4           big difference.  And I ask you to do that.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, there's a 

 6           technical aspect that the president of the 

 7           UFA brought to my attention, because they 

 8           have some type of permission of moving their 

 9           vehicles.  And I think there's a cost-saving 

10           measure by allowing them to do that aspect of 

11           it.  

12                  We're going to sit down, we're going 

13           to explore it, and we're going to see how we 

14           could carry it out.  Seems as though there's 

15           some type of agreement that firefighters are 

16           able to move within the command, that it 

17           would save us money if we don't have to buy 

18           vans, if we don't have to carry that out.  

19           We're going to sit down and see how we can go 

20           about implementing that.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  I appreciate 

22           your answer, Mr. Mayor.  I think we're kind 

23           of mixing up two different things.  These 

24           firefighters are actually having to pay out 


                                                                   57

 1           of pocket for congestion pricing to move 

 2           their vehicles throughout the day.  It's 

 3           causing big delays.  I think we're mixing up 

 4           two different issues.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We agree.  I don't 

 6           disagree.  I agree with you on that.  And as 

 7           I stated, the UFA president, one of the 

 8           firefighters unions, stopped me, we engaged 

 9           in a preliminary conversation.  I'm looking 

10           forward to sitting down and hearing their 

11           exact rationale.  

12                  But, you know, once you start opening 

13           the door of waivers, of, you know, police 

14           officers are first responders also.  Our 

15           EMTs.  There's a whole host of first 

16           responders.  But we're going to do everything 

17           we can to advocate for those waivers when 

18           they are appropriate.  

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Easy solution: 

20           Just get rid of congestion pricing.  Totally 

21           inappropriate, especially for us here in 

22           local government and suburbanites.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  The birth came from 

24           up here.  The birth didn't come from 


                                                                   58

 1           City Hall.  That's your baby.  (Laughing.)

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Mr. Mayor, I'm 

 3           going to move on to bail reform for a moment.  

 4           In the Governor's State of the State address 

 5           she commented how recent changes in 

 6           New York's bail law were giving judges more 

 7           discretion and there was no need to do any 

 8           adjustments to the bail law.  Your opinion, 

 9           please.  Working okay for us?

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Listen, I think the 

11           advocates for understanding and making a fair 

12           bail system was a righteous fight.  Now we 

13           should do an analysis to see what are the 

14           unintended consequences of that.  And one of 

15           them is discovery.  

16                  When I speak with my district 

17           attorneys, they tell us we need to have a 

18           closer examination of discovery to make sure 

19           that we're not getting any unintended 

20           consequences.  And I respect the DAs who are 

21           calling for that, and we need to reexamine 

22           that, and I thank the Governor for looking at 

23           that reexamination.  

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Right.  But 


                                                                   59

 1           again, in her speech, she actually said she 

 2           didn't see a need to do any adjustments.  And 

 3           I think we've kind of examined this over the 

 4           past few years.  It's failed and failed 

 5           miserably.  I think it's about time we all 

 6           get together and do the right thing and do 

 7           this big adjustment to bail reform.  

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  The number-one issue 

 9           for me that we're seeing when I speak with 

10           Commissioner Tisch and Chief LiPetri, who 

11           does our crime analysis, is that we are 

12           having a problem with habitual violent 

13           repeated offenders.  

14                  When you have 570 people -- 

15                  (Time clock sounds.)

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you, 

17           Mr. Mayor.

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

19                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

20                  Senator John Liu.

21                  SENATOR LIU:  Thank you, Madam Chair.

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How you doing, John?

23                  SENATOR LIU:  How you doing, 

24           Mr. Mayor?


                                                                   60

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good.  Good to see 

 2           you.

 3                  SENATOR LIU:  I want to commend you 

 4           first for bringing on some really great 

 5           people, especially the fantabulous First 

 6           Deputy Mayor that you have.

 7                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  (Chuckling.)

 8                  SENATOR LIU:  So things are a bit -- 

 9           you know, it's been difficult, I certainly 

10           understand that.  But I think most of the 

11           city has been running pretty well.  And, you 

12           know, you've got your own challenges.  I 

13           think last week we spoke with Chancellor 

14           Aviles-Ramos, and she did report a 

15           significant -- what I consider a significant 

16           decline in New York City public school 

17           attendance over the past few weeks.  

18                  And my question to you is, do you 

19           think there's a particular reason for that, a 

20           significant decline over previous years in 

21           enrollment in public schools over the past 

22           few weeks?  

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Chancellor Banks 

24           said it best, and the current chancellor, who 


                                                                   61

 1           is his hand-picked successor and someone that 

 2           I work closely with, fully understands that 

 3           our product must be an attractive product.  

 4           It must be a place where our children are 

 5           challenged, it must be a safe place, it must 

 6           be a place where we are preparing them for 

 7           the future.  

 8                  And I think there's a combination of 

 9           things that may have led to the erosion in 

10           population.  We're looking at that, the 

11           chancellor's looking at that and examining.  

12           But we have an obligation to go out and 

13           encourage parents to see that we have the 

14           best product.  We have done that.

15                  Some of the things that we are 

16           continuing to do -- 

17                  SENATOR LIU:  I don't think parents -- 

18           I don't think parents are worried that we 

19           don't have the best product.  I think they're 

20           worried about other things.  I think they're 

21           worried about keeping their families 

22           together.  I think they're worried about 

23           possibly what might happen to their kids if 

24           they happen not to be home when the kids are 


                                                                   62

 1           supposed to be coming home.  

 2                  Do you think that's any kind of 

 3           factor?  Is that happening in the City of 

 4           New York?

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, we have been 

 6           clear.  And if you are alluding to migrants 

 7           and asylum parents, if that's what you're 

 8           doing --  

 9                  SENATOR LIU:  I am.

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Okay.  If you're 

11           alluding to that, we've been clear that 

12           children should go to school.  If you need 

13           medical care, you should go to the hospital.  

14           If you are the victim of a police 

15           interaction, you should go to -- you should 

16           call the police.  We have been clear on that,  

17           and we will continue to take that stance.

18                  SENATOR LIU:  I have reports that 

19           there are members of the NYPD asking parents 

20           and teachers for identification in front of 

21           public schools, particularly around dismissal 

22           time.  

23                  Do you know of any such actions by the 

24           NYPD?


                                                                   63

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, listen.  You 

 2           know, I always say where do these rumors come 

 3           from.  You know, I was not --

 4                  SENATOR LIU:  No, they're not rumors.  

 5           I mean --

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  That's not 

 7           happening.  That's not happening.  John -- 

 8           Senator, let's be very clear.  And if anyone 

 9           is giving you a rumor or a lie that New York 

10           City police officers are participating in 

11           civil enforcement, that is a lie.

12                  SENATOR LIU:  Okay.  So you're very 

13           clear that no members of the NYPD would be 

14           asking parents and teachers for 

15           identification out of -- out of a general 

16           sense of duty?

17                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  That is -- that is 

18           not a general requirement --

19                  (Time clock chimes.)

20                  SENATOR LIU:  Thank you.  

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, Senator.  

22                  Assemblyman Ra, five minutes.  

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Notice how 

24           disciplined I've been as soon as I hear that 


                                                                   64

 1           bell?  

 2                  (Laughter.)

 3                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Mayor, good morning.  

 4           Thanks for --

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning.  How 

 6           are you?

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  I'm doing well.  

 8                  So I wanted to ask about staffing in 

 9           terms of corrections.  You know, we know over 

10           the years -- in recent years, at least, my 

11           understanding is the numbers were down as 

12           much as 25 percent.  Where is the current 

13           staffing levels in terms of corrections?  

14                  Obviously having adequate staffing is 

15           safer for both the officers and those, you 

16           know, they're charged with the custody of.

17                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, first of all, 

18           we are at a critical stage in law enforcement 

19           in general, but specifically in the 

20           Department of Correction.  The challenge of 

21           filling a job, the challenge of getting 

22           people to come into the administration, into 

23           the Department of Correction, is at a code 

24           red.  Many of the current correction 


                                                                   65

 1           officers are retiring, and we're having 

 2           challenges in filling those classes in the 

 3           Department of Correction.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  So are there 

 5           initiatives your administration is 

 6           undertaking in terms of recruitment, in terms 

 7           of retention?

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes.  Two years ago 

 9           we identified through the department, DCAS, 

10           that we were not doing a very active 

11           recruitment plan on the thousands of jobs 

12           that we've had open.  We made each agency 

13           identify a real recruitment plan, including 

14           the Department of Correction, to go out and 

15           actively recruit.

16                  And we're also looking at some of the 

17           archaic civil service rules that allow people 

18           to have entry into these agencies.  Some of 

19           the college requirements, some of the 

20           restrictions that are put in place, we're 

21           looking at to analyze that to sort of 

22           incentivize people coming in, and retention.

23                  One way of retention is with the 

24           president of the union.  He'll tell you we 


                                                                   66

 1           gave a fair contract to make the job an 

 2           attractive job as well as the 97 other 

 3           percent of contracts that we settled with 

 4           civil employees.

 5                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Also, 

 6           Mayor, in the general plan we just added a 

 7           lot of resources for a major campaign for 

 8           them to recruit, to go around the city and 

 9           recruit.  So we added resources in the plan 

10           for that.

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Okay.  And have you 

12           been able to compile any data on corrections 

13           in terms of bringing down -- I know that, you 

14           know, there were a lot of triple tours being 

15           worked, things like that, that obviously 

16           nobody's at their best going through that.

17                  Have you been able to start to bring 

18           that down through staffing?  I mean, 

19           obviously those things go hand in hand, 

20           having an adequate number of corrections 

21           officers so that you don't have people 

22           working, you know, double or triple tours.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You're correct.  

24                  And really we treated our correction 


                                                                   67

 1           officers unfairly during COVID, not giving 

 2           them masks.  Many of them were doing triples, 

 3           as you stated, just the tension of doing 

 4           that.  And we're really pleased with our 

 5           current commissioner who's there, who has -- 

 6           she has brought a real humane approach 

 7           towards not only the correction officers but 

 8           the inmates.  And I'm proud to say I've 

 9           been -- I have been on Rikers Island more 

10           than any other mayor in the history of this 

11           city, speaking to the officers, speaking to 

12           the inmates, realizing how we could change 

13           that environment.

14                  She's decreased some of the violence 

15           on Rikers Island, and she has brought that 

16           humane approach to it and has brought down 

17           the level of overtime.  But a lot of that 

18           overtime is due to the shortage of manpower 

19           that we have to improve the population in 

20           DOC.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  And then lastly, just 

22           in terms of some of the crime within the 

23           system, I know that there has been a problem 

24           with sexual assaults, in particular with 


                                                                   68

 1           female officers.  I think we need to do our 

 2           part in Albany.  There's been this bill 

 3           pending to increase the penalties.  

 4                  But with regard to that topic, 

 5           anything going on internally to make sure 

 6           we're protecting those officers from those 

 7           type of assaults?

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  So important.  And, 

 9           you know, we communicate with a group of 

10           correction officers who were the victims of 

11           those assaults.  And it is imperative that we 

12           send a clear message.  

13                  And, you know, the district attorney 

14           of the Bronx, she has been clear when you 

15           assault, sexually or a regular assault, she 

16           has been willing to recharge the inmate 

17           that's responsible.  And that sends the right 

18           message, and we want to make sure that's 

19           carried out.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Okay.  Thank you, 

21           Mayor.

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?  

23                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Sorry.  Thank 

24           you.  We've been joined, since the last time 


                                                                   69

 1           I made announcements, by Senator Parker, 

 2           Senator Jackson, Senator Sanders.  

 3                  But next up is Senator Borrello.

 4                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  Thank you, 

 5           Madam Chair.  

 6                  Thank you, Mayor, for being here, you 

 7           and your team.

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

 9                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  You know, you had 

10           mentioned that you have 46,000 folks in your 

11           care, but you have 180,000 that you moved 

12           out.  I'm assuming that those folks with your 

13           contract with DocGo NYC, many of those folks 

14           were moved upstate, including Western 

15           New York, where I am.  

16                  We found out at the end of last year, 

17           at the end of 2024, that DocGo was canceling 

18           their contracts with Western New York 

19           organizations, not-for-profits like Jewish 

20           Family Services and Journey's End.  And we 

21           were told that those families would be then 

22           moved back down to New York City, but there's 

23           been no confirmation.  

24                  Can you speak to if those migrant 


                                                                   70

 1           families are being moved back to New York 

 2           City?

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  A combination of -- 

 4           there was a substantial number of people who 

 5           moved upstate, they found their way.  You 

 6           have a beautiful place that people want to 

 7           stay.  They figured that New York City's not 

 8           the only place to be.

 9                  And we're receiving a smaller number 

10           of people who are coming back down to the 

11           city.  Those who do, they don't come back 

12           into our care, they found their way.  

13                  We do intense training, we give them 

14           information on how to survive in the city and 

15           the state, and many people have found their 

16           ways.

17                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  But the funding is 

18           ending.  So those folks are basically on 

19           their own.  So you have 180,000 people that 

20           were sent largely upstate that are now 

21           fending for themselves, essentially, which is 

22           very troubling.  

23                  So I'll ask you the same question I 

24           asked you last year at this hearing.  Do you 


                                                                   71

 1           think it's time to end New York City's 

 2           sanctuary policy?  Last year the answer was 

 3           no, it's who we are.  

 4                  So after seeing the chaos and the 

 5           expense and now the pain that has been spread 

 6           throughout New York State, do you think it's 

 7           time to end sanctuary policies?  

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Okay.  First, that 

 9           large number, 180,000, did not go upstate.  A 

10           small number went upstate.  

11                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  Okay.  We still 

12           have them, you know, again, without funding 

13           that was promised.

14                  So again, don't you think it's time 

15           for us to shut off that spigot and stop this 

16           humanitarian crisis, as you called it, from 

17           landing in New York State?  

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  First, we need to 

19           secure our borders -- I say this over and 

20           over again -- and we need to remove those who 

21           are committing violent acts in our city and 

22           our country.  And I think people need to be 

23           clear on what the sanctuary city law is, 

24           because sometimes people conflate it.


                                                                   72

 1                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  The sanctuary city 

 2           law is we will make sure that people who have 

 3           committed crimes are not deported, that 

 4           they're not handed over to ICE.  That's 

 5           essentially what I think most New Yorkers 

 6           understand.  That's the concern that I have.

 7                  And I realize that the landscape has 

 8           changed and now we have the border being 

 9           secured, which I think will reduce that flow.  

10           But ultimately we still have a lot of people 

11           that are here.  You know, I was told roughly 

12           68,000 with criminal records here in New York 

13           State.  We have to address that.

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And the sanctuary 

15           city law, Senator, is not what you just 

16           described.  The sanctuary city law is exactly 

17           what one of your colleagues just -- I think 

18           John Liu just talked about.

19                  If you are here paying your taxes, 

20           living your life here, based on those taxes 

21           you pay, you have the right to go to 

22           school -- 

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, Senator.

24                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  Thank you.


                                                                   73

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Have I got 

 2           discipline?

 3                  (Laughter.)

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  The next set of 

 5           Assemblymembers, at least, will be limited to 

 6           three minutes.  Please note, members, that 

 7           this is a budget hearing and please limit 

 8           your questions to budgetary items.  This is 

 9           not a campaign.

10                  First we have Assemblymember Bichotte 

11           Hermelyn.

12                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN BICHOTTE HERMELYN:  

13           Thank you.  Good morning, Mr. Mayor.

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning.

15                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN BICHOTTE HERMELYN:  It's 

16           great to see you and the whole team here.  

17           Thank you.  And I just want to quickly thank 

18           you and your team for your hard work with the 

19           City of New York.  It's a progress, given 

20           that -- how New York City is overwhelmed with 

21           a lot of issues.  And it's just really hard 

22           to fix something overnight that's been broken 

23           for many, many years and many, many decades.

24                  But just want to thank you for that.  


                                                                   74

 1           And also with public safety as top concern -- 

 2           by the way, good pick with NYPD Commissioner 

 3           Jessica Tisch.  We want to thank you for 

 4           really addressing those issues around 

 5           homelessness and keeping the crime rate down.

 6                  I have -- and also I want to thank you 

 7           for partnering with Senator Comrie and I on 

 8           the "Axe the Tax" as we focus on 

 9           working-class families and making sure that 

10           we're putting millions of dollars back into 

11           their pockets to serve their families.  

12                  I do have three questions.  And the 

13           first question is you talked about the 

14           asylum seekers.  You have about 46,000, 

15           47,000 in the system currently, and I guess 

16           over the course of time the number of 

17           asylum seekers have -- the gap has decreased.

18                  My question to you is, how -- where 

19           are you going to get the money?  Like how are 

20           you going to continue to support these 

21           migrants?  I know you talked about the 

22           2.3 billion, and I know there's some money 

23           still staggering.  But will it take a new 

24           budget, or will you continue to support these 


                                                                   75

 1           migrants with the remaining budget that's 

 2           there?  So how does that work?

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, we have a gap 

 4           in our current system that we need to fill, 

 5           in the current budget gap that we need to 

 6           fill, a little over a billion dollars that 

 7           needs to be filled.  

 8                  And our goal is to continue our 30- 

 9           and 60-day program so that we can decrease 

10           that number -- and we're seeing a substantial 

11           decrease every day there -- so we can close 

12           these facilities and no longer have to pick 

13           up this financial burden.  But there is a gap 

14           that we have, and that's -- that is our ask 

15           in Albany.

16                  What's the exact dollar amount?  

17                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  It's about 

18           $1 billion currently.  We planned, we 

19           budgeted for about a billion dollars that -- 

20           of state aid that we will be receiving.  But 

21           currently the budget doesn't have any 

22           resources at all for the asylum seekers.  So 

23           if we don't get resources from the state, 

24           we're going to have a hole of about a billion 


                                                                   76

 1           dollars that we have to backfill.

 2                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN BICHOTTE HERMELYN:  

 3           Okay.  Thank you.

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

 5                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 6                  Senator?  

 7                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

 8                  Senator Kevin Parker.

 9                  SENATOR PARKER:   Good morning, 

10           Mr. Mayor.

11                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you, 

12           Senator?

13                  SENATOR PARKER:  Excellent.

14                  And good morning to your illustrious 

15           staff, many of which I know well.

16                  A couple of things, the first of 

17           which, in honor of Black History Month, we'd 

18           really love to hear about the work that 

19           you've done around MWBE and what impact that 

20           you think that's made economically, being 

21           that we're having a budget, an actual budget 

22           hearing.  And what can we be doing better on 

23           the state level in order to, you know, 

24           advance the work that you're doing on MWBE?  


                                                                   77

 1                  And then the second thing is we've had 

 2           a serious issue last budget in the context of 

 3           illegal smoke shops in these cannabis illegal 

 4           places.  Like have we made any progress on 

 5           that?  And again, what kind of things should 

 6           we be doing in the context of our budget in 

 7           order to help facilitate the proper 

 8           implementation of our cannabis plan?

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, first, dealing 

10           with the MWBEs, what can you do -- listen to 

11           Assemblywoman Rodneyse Bichotte Hermelyn.  

12           She started out with half a million dollars 

13           in discretionary, she went up to a million, 

14           and now we're up to $1.5 million.  

15                  What you guys have done around local 

16           hiring has been unbelievable.  We're now 

17           having many of our city agencies look at some 

18           of the jobs to make sure you get local 

19           hiring.  We watch our communities build up 

20           and the futures go down of those who are 

21           working there.

22                  And our numbers are unbelievable.  

23           Michael Gardner, who's in charge, when you 

24           look at what we have done under Local Law 1, 


                                                                   78

 1           we are at 33 percent in the city, first time 

 2           in history in the city, around MWBEs.  In 

 3           fiscal year '24 the city awarded $6.4 billion 

 4           to MWBE contracts and continues to make 

 5           meaningful progress.

 6                  And so we're seeing a real rethinking 

 7           of how do we look at women- and 

 8           minority-owned businesses that can provide 

 9           services to the constituents that actually 

10           look like the diversity of this city.

11                  You had a second question, you know --

12                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  Cannabis.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  The cannabis.  We 

14           came here and asked the state to help us go 

15           after those illegal cannabis shops.  You did 

16           so.  And the power you gave us allowed us to 

17           close over 1100 illegal cannabis shops.  And 

18           in the process, the legal cannabis business 

19           started doing better.  

20                  And so because of the help and the 

21           partnership we've had here in Albany, we've 

22           been able to close those illegal shops.  

23           Those illegal shops were known for robberies, 

24           for violence, for quality-of-life issues.  


                                                                   79

 1           And because of the help from Albany, we were 

 2           able to really rein in the problem.

 3                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 4                  Assembly.  

 5                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 6                  Before I go on, we've been joined by 

 7           Assemblymembers Gibbs and Rajkumar.

 8                  Assemblymember Taylor, three minutes.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN TAYLOR:  Good morning, 

10           Mr. Mayor, and thank you so much for joining 

11           us today.

12                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN TAYLOR:  Last year we gave 

14           you all a lot of support to help alleviate 

15           the housing crisis.  So with respect to J-51, 

16           485 -- I got three in there, right -- how has 

17           that been beneficial?  And what do you see as 

18           the big whole?  

19                  But before you answer that one, I want 

20           to lean over and look at the 145 project, 

21           because the 145 is stopped.  I'm not sure if 

22           you're familiar with it, 145th.  And it's 

23           tall.  And what we want to do is be able to 

24           make sure that it's affordable for the 


                                                                   80

 1           residents that are there.  

 2                  And what are some of the things that 

 3           we can do in the City of Yes that will impact 

 4           that with some of the other tools that we 

 5           gave you in the war chest to make this 

 6           possible?  

 7                  Because Harlem sits at 41 percent as 

 8           of the last siting, so we're not even 

 9           50 percent of Black folks in Harlem.  And I 

10           represent Harlem, Washington Heights and 

11           Inwood.  But we want to make sure those 

12           numbers are consistent in going up for the 

13           working-class people that are there, and 

14           affordable.  

15                  And the last one is the Mitchell-Lama 

16           piece.  I'm just throwing it all in.  I'm 

17           going to get out of here so you can answer, 

18           because you've been holding it.  And with the 

19           Mitchell-Lama, we need help in the biggest 

20           way for New York City housing.  And you're 

21           familiar, you spent a lot of time at 

22           Esplanade Gardens.  They're in dire need of 

23           infrastructure and resources.  And how can we 

24           help you get that job done as a partnership?  


                                                                   81

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, listen, 

 2           Councilman Yusef Salaam has been a real 

 3           partner in figuring out how we land the plane 

 4           on 145th Street.  But when we talk housing, 

 5           it's hard to say without looking at what the 

 6           first deputy mayor has accomplished.  

 7                  So you want to talk about some of this 

 8           stuff?

 9                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

10           Yes, of course.  We're extraordinarily 

11           grateful for the partnership of the 

12           State Legislature with the housing package 

13           from last year.  And I want to assure 

14           everyone that we wasted no time in making 

15           sure that we were implementing each and every 

16           one of the tools that were authorized last 

17           year.  

18                  So to your question specifically for 

19           the 421-a registration, that entire 

20           implementation has been completed by HPD and 

21           there are 21,000 units to be unlocked.  

22                  For the 467-m program, that is fully 

23           operational.  We've been already receiving 

24           applications, and about 500 units are on 


                                                                   82

 1           their way.  

 2                  For 485-x, we are starting to really 

 3           see interest in that program increase.  And 

 4           we are earlier in that implementation 

 5           process, but we expect that the market will 

 6           also take hold and we'll start seeing those 

 7           programs move forward.  

 8                  For J-51, HPD, working very feverishly 

 9           on making all of the application materials 

10           available.  We recently were able to get the 

11           home rule and work on the home rule with the 

12           City Council.  So that's needed to move it 

13           forward.  

14                  All of these tools, Assemblymember, 

15           are critical to ensuring that we have the 

16           financing that we need and then when you 

17           combine that with lifting of all of the 

18           zoning barriers to the City of Yes -- 

19                  (Time clock sounding; pause.)

20                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  -- 

21           we make more housing.

22                  (Laughter.)

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

24                  Senator?  


                                                                   83

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

 2                  Senator Jessica Ramos.

 3                  SENATOR RAMOS:  Good morning.  Thanks 

 4           for being here.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning, thank 

 6           you.

 7                  SENATOR RAMOS:  Mayor, good morning.

 8                  Your preliminary budget includes a 

 9           $300 million cut to early childhood 

10           education.  Your own EDC estimates that 

11           New York City loses $23 billion in lost tax 

12           revenue and productivity due to the childcare 

13           crisis.  How does this cut aid our shared 

14           goal of improving affordability?

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, when you look 

16           at the early childhood initiative, you've 

17           really got to examine what we accomplished.  

18           For the first time in the history of the 

19           city, 150,000 children were able to get 

20           spaces.  And as I lived up to my 

21           commitment -- every child that needed a seat 

22           will get access to a seat -- we fulfilled 

23           that.  That record number is clear. 

24                  We have also reduced the cost of 


                                                                   84

 1           childcare from 55 --

 2                  SENATOR RAMOS:  Actually, parents are 

 3           really, really worried about the early 

 4           childhood education seats that have 

 5           disappeared.  And on top of that, the city 

 6           has chosen not to renew leases for some 

 7           childcare centers in Brooklyn and one in 

 8           Queens.  So I'm not sure how that correlates 

 9           with what your intentions are.

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  As I was stating, we 

11           dropped the cost of childcare from $55 a week 

12           to less than $5 a week.  And what's another 

13           number that's very impressive, giving access 

14           to it -- before the pandemic in 2019, we have 

15           14,000 applicants.  Under this 

16           administration 43,000 -- 

17                  SENATOR RAMOS:  No, that is not 

18           accurate, Mr. Mayor.  And as I said, we've 

19           had several seats from 3-K cut.  There are 

20           parents worried that they can't even find a 

21           3-K or a universal pre-K seat that makes 

22           sense with where they live and with their 

23           daily routine.  And that is really where your 

24           focus should be.  


                                                                   85

 1                  Here in Albany, we've been improving 

 2           affordability for childcare.  We're now up to 

 3           400 percent of the federal poverty line in 

 4           order to make sure that we're providing 

 5           subsidies.

 6                  I'm going to move on to mental health.  

 7           When will the $154 million granted to New 

 8           York City in the opioid settlement money be 

 9           distributed to the community-based 

10           organizations that are on the ground doing 

11           the work?  We're in desperate need of 

12           thousands of supportive housing units.  How 

13           and when is that money going to be released?

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, I just want to 

15           go back.  Your statement about parents being 

16           worried, I think you missed the part that I 

17           said we broke a record, record, of 150,000 

18           children across our system.  Everyone who 

19           applied on time had access to a seat.

20                  Not only that, when you talk about the 

21           opioid dollars, it was -- Staten Island was 

22           not -- Staten Island was approved to get the 

23           opioid dollars.  Partnering with AG James --

24                  (Time clock sounding.)


                                                                   86

 1                  SENATOR RAMOS:  How convenient.

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.  

 3                  Assemblyman Mamdani, three minutes. 

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you, 

 5           Assemblyman?

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  I'm doing all 

 7           right, Mayor Adams.

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  (Inaudible.)

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  Building off of 

10           Senator Liu's point, we've seen declines in 

11           attendance from immigrant students since 

12           President Trump rescinded a longstanding 

13           policy that prevented ICE from making arrests 

14           at sensitive locations like schools.  

15                  To put these families at ease, will 

16           you today clearly state that as long as ICE 

17           does not have a judicial warrant signed by a 

18           judge, you will deny them entry into New York 

19           City public schools, hospitals, and any other 

20           city property? 

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We are examining all 

22           the EOs.  And based on those EOs, we will 

23           never put an employee of the city in harm's 

24           way.  The corporation counsel will make the 


                                                                   87

 1           determination of the training that we gave 

 2           and protect not only the people of the city 

 3           but also our employees.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  So the reason I 

 5           ask this is this is the law as of 2017.  And 

 6           because of the lack of clarity from city 

 7           leadership, including yourself, we have seen 

 8           incredible declines of students -- you know, 

 9           your chancellor was --

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm sorry, you've 

11           seen what?

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  Incredible 

13           declines of attendance.  Your chancellor has 

14           said up to 5 percent; we've heard from 

15           specific schools in parts of New York City 

16           where it's up to 20 percent.  That's why I 

17           asked that question.  

18                  In the interests of time, just to move 

19           forward, you know, today in your budget 

20           testimony you spoke about committing to make 

21           New York City the, quote, best place to raise 

22           a family.  Are those the right words?  

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Mm-hmm.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  And on 


                                                                   88

 1           January 16th, however, in your budget 

 2           proposal you had a $112 million cut in 

 3           funding for 3-K, and your Department of 

 4           Education informed five Early Childhood 

 5           Centers that the city would not be renewing 

 6           their leases.  One parent of a 4-year-old who 

 7           attended pre-K at Nuestros Ninos in 

 8           Williamsburg said the news sent them into 

 9           panic mode.  How does cutting funding for 

10           childcare, closing those five Early Childhood 

11           Centers, make New York City the best place to 

12           raise a family?  

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, let's first 

14           start with we do an analysis, you should 

15           always look how well you're doing from year 

16           to year to year.  I said it again and I'll 

17           say it one more time:  150,000 children, 

18           record.  Previous administrations did not 

19           come near what we have done.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  I think the 

21           issue is, Mayor Adams, is that these are 

22           families -- these are centers that are 

23           75 percent enrolled, these are centers that 

24           have been operating, some of them, for more 


                                                                   89

 1           than 50 years.  Waitlists, full enrollment, 

 2           and those parents are now scrambling to find 

 3           new childcare.

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And let me tell you 

 5           what we inherited, Assemblyman, when we came 

 6           into office.  We had 30,000 vacant seats that 

 7           taxpayers were paying for.  We had to come 

 8           in, realign -- 

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  But now you're 

10           taking those seats away.

11                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We had to come in, 

12           realign the seats to make sure tax dollars 

13           were being paid accordingly.  

14                  In addition to that, what we found 

15           that I'm sure you will be surprised to know, 

16           that we had some facilities that were 

17           50 percent full, 40 percent full.  We had one 

18           facility that --

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN MAMDANI:  These five 

20           facilities are at 70 percent enrollment -- 

21           75 percent at least, and you're proposing 

22           closing them.  How do you explain that?  

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, I would, but I 

24           don't have time.


                                                                   90

 1                  (Laughter.)

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  That will remain a 

 3           mystery.

 4                  Senator?  

 5                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator Weik, 

 6           ranker, for five minutes.

 7                  SENATOR WEIK:  Good morning, Mayor.  

 8           How are you today?

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Quite well.  How are 

10           you?

11                  SENATOR WEIK:  Over here (waving).

12                  (Laughter.)

13                  SENATOR WEIK:  So you have maintained 

14           the sanctuary status of New York City.  And 

15           with that, with local governments concerned, 

16           that has affected governments all across 

17           New York State.  And that has sent county 

18           executives, town supervisors scrambling for 

19           years trying to figure out what their next 

20           steps were going to be.  

21                  And in -- you've received millions of 

22           dollars from the federal government, billions 

23           of dollars from New York State to assist in 

24           the sanctuary status of New York City.  And 


                                                                   91

 1           I'm just curious, in the vein of trying to 

 2           make New York State more affordable, do you 

 3           have any plans of reversing your sanctuary 

 4           status?  

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I don't control that 

 6           law.  It's a City Council law.  And I always 

 7           will support if people are paying their 

 8           taxes, that the services that come from those 

 9           taxes, they should be allowed to get them.  

10           But I don't control that law.

11                  I am asking the City Council to modify 

12           that law.  If you commit a violent act in our 

13           city, you have violated your right to be in 

14           our city.  You should be removed from our 

15           city after you serve your time.  That's what 

16           I believe.  

17                  They don't want to change that.  I 

18           don't control that law.  That is not a law 

19           that I created.  Mayor Koch started it.  

20           Mayor Bloomberg made some --

21                  SENATOR WEIK:  But you've maintained 

22           it.  And you certainly have the ability to 

23           reverse that in any court that you want.  You 

24           are the mayor of New York City.


                                                                   92

 1                  And with that, it does still have an 

 2           effect --

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  No, Senator -- no, 

 4           Senator, that's not true.  Hold on -- 

 5                  SENATOR WEIK:  It does still have an 

 6           affect on all the counties across New York 

 7           State.  And so counties on Long Island and 

 8           upstate New York have to scramble to try to 

 9           figure out are they going to issue an 

10           executive order to protect their county 

11           because they can't afford the decisions of 

12           New York State {sic} when New York State 

13           {sic} clearly receives an enormous amount of 

14           funding from the state in the state budget 

15           every single year -- more so than any 

16           counties receive from New York State.

17                  And with that in mind, what are your 

18           plans to make this more affordable?  Did you 

19           look at the Executive Budget and identify 

20           things that you could reduce and not have to 

21           take that money so that you're becoming more 

22           streamlined?

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I do it every day.  

24                  But, Senator, we need to go back to 


                                                                   93

 1           your original comment -- 

 2                  SENATOR WEIK:  Can you identify any of 

 3           those -- any of those items within the 

 4           Executive Budget?  

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We need to go back 

 6           to your original comment that I control the 

 7           sanctuary city law and I maintain it.  

 8                  I took great strides to explain that 

 9           that's the City Council.  I do not pass laws.  

10           The City Council, that's the level of 

11           government in New York.  There's executive 

12           and there's the legislative.  City Council 

13           has to make the determination to change that 

14           law, not Eric.

15                  SENATOR WEIK:  Did you encourage them 

16           at all?  You're the advocate.  Do you 

17           encourage them to change that status since 

18           you cannot fund it on your own?  And even 

19           with federal and New York State funding 

20           infused into that, and you still can't seem 

21           to afford it.  It's still a tremendous burden 

22           on all the taxpayers of New York State.  What 

23           encouragement are you giving them to reverse 

24           that or make better budgetary decisions?  


                                                                   94

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I think I took great 

 2           strides in explaining to you what -- the 

 3           modification I believe that's needed.  But 

 4           whomever is in our city and paying taxes, 

 5           they should be able to utilize the services 

 6           of the city because their tax dollars are 

 7           paying for it as well.

 8                  But when you commit violent acts in 

 9           our city, you have violated your right to be 

10           in our city.  And I've made that clear for 

11           several years now.

12                  SENATOR WEIK:  But you recognize that 

13           your sanctuary status and inviting these 

14           individuals to come to New York City to be 

15           provided for -- when you cannot clearly 

16           provide for them -- has created an enormous 

17           impact on other counties outside of New York 

18           City that now have to provide funding and 

19           housing and resources to those individuals 

20           that they had not planned on before.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm not -- I'm not 

22           -- I'm not quite understanding -- maybe I'm 

23           misunderstanding the question.  How what 

24           happens in the city is making something 


                                                                   95

 1           happen in one of the municipalities out of 

 2           the city, I'm not getting that.

 3                  SENATOR WEIK:  So when the migrants 

 4           came to New York City and were bused out to 

 5           other areas throughout the state because you 

 6           had no housing for them but had encouraged 

 7           them to come to New York City, what -- you 

 8           know, they were not provided for.  And this 

 9           put an enormous amount of burden on those 

10           counties and those towns.

11                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  No.  And we 

12           allocated resources when we did that.

13                  But I think sometimes people really 

14           misunderstand that New York City is the 

15           economic engine of this entire state.  And 

16           the amount of money we send to the state, we 

17           don't get back.  So we have been lifting up 

18           counties for years.

19                  SENATOR WEIK:  Living on Long Island, 

20           I will tell you that we out-send to Albany.  

21           So Long Islanders send more money to New York 

22           State than New York City does.  And we get a 

23           smaller return on investment.  

24                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm not sure -- I'm 


                                                                   96

 1           not sure when that happens.  That's that 

 2           tricky math I used to do in school.

 3                  (Laughter.)

 4                  SENATOR WEIK:  I think we're going to 

 5           agree to disagree on that.

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Don't -- don't think 

 7           for one moment that anywhere sends more money 

 8           to the state than New York City.  We're the 

 9           economic engine, and we have lifted up this 

10           state during difficult times when other 

11           munici --

12                  (Time clock sounding; laughter.)

13                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

14                  Assemblyman Fall.

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN FALL:  Thank you, Chair 

16           Pretlow.  

17                  Thank you, Mr. Mayor, for being here.

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you?  Thank 

19           you.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN FALL:  Thank you for the 

21           works that you guys are doing.

22                  I sent you a letter last year about 

23           adding more NYPD officers on the North Shore 

24           of Staten Island.  You responded, and you 


                                                                   97

 1           added more officers, so I want to thank you 

 2           for that.  We do need more officers at the 

 3           1st Precinct in Lower Manhattan on the other 

 4           side of my district, so I encourage you guys 

 5           to please look into that.  

 6                  Last year I also asked you guys to 

 7           address the issue at the Carter Center.  You 

 8           changed the provider, and things have 

 9           significantly changed, and I hear good 

10           feedback from the community about that.

11                  Lastly, the fence at Martling in 

12           Clove Lakes, DOT made a bad decision.  You 

13           stepped in, you made a good decision, 

14           everybody's happy in Westerleigh and 

15           West Brighton for that.  

16                  I want to get into EDC, New York City 

17           EDC.  I have three counties in my Assembly 

18           district.  When we reach out to EDC about 

19           helicopter concerns, they've addressed it and 

20           they actually have a long-term plan on how 

21           they're going to fix that, and also the 

22           resiliency issues, they have a plan.  When it 

23           comes to the Kings County Marine Terminal, 

24           they keep me in the loop of everything that's 


                                                                   98

 1           going on.  When it comes to Staten Island, 

 2           EDC is radio silent and they are failing 

 3           Staten Islanders with Empire Outlets and with 

 4           the Wheel site.  It's been going on for 

 5           10 years now, and I really need some serious 

 6           intervention.  

 7                  And I also want to get your 

 8           perspective if EDC cannot handle what's going 

 9           on on Staten Island, should we look at maybe 

10           New York State EDC possibly taking over the 

11           operations of the Empire Outlets and the 

12           Wheel site?  Any thoughts on that?  

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah.  You know, 

14           before coming into office as mayor, 

15           Staten Island was called the "forgotten 

16           borough."  And now you're the remembered 

17           borough.  Even when they -- with your 

18           advocacy, when there was an attempt not to 

19           give you opioid money, you stood up and we 

20           were able to fight to make that happen, with 

21           developing the whole North Shore, what we're 

22           doing there.  And we're going to make sure we 

23           continue to look out for Staten Island.  

24                  But I know you're biting at the bit to 


                                                                   99

 1           talk about that --

 2                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  I 

 3           am.  Given your leadership and partnership, 

 4           Assemblymember, it is -- I do not like 

 5           hearing that any agency has not been 

 6           responsive or communicative on issues that I 

 7           think are of common interest.  

 8                  And so the commitment of Economic 

 9           Development Corporation to the North Shore is 

10           long, and many investments on public ground, 

11           and wanting to unstick a number of 

12           challenging development projects over time.  

13                  But I will personally make sure that 

14           you have a detailed briefing, and we can 

15           schedule that next week, on all of those 

16           aspects.  Because we want to not just keep 

17           you in the loop, but make sure that you 

18           continue to be a partner in the development 

19           there that brings homes and jobs to the 

20           people of Staten Island.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN FALL:  I appreciate that.  

22                  And in my last seconds, I do want to 

23           thank you for also closing the shelter at 99 

24           Washington Street.  I'm curious to know 


                                                                   100

 1           what's going there next.  

 2                  And also curious to know if there's 

 3           any updates with our Staten Island Ferry to 

 4           Brooklyn.  And the Police Museum has been 

 5           closed since Sandy in Lower Manhattan -- need 

 6           it reopened.  Need your support for BRT.  

 7                  Thank you very much.

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?  

 9                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

10                  Senator Roxanne Persaud.

11                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  Good morning, 

12           Mr. Mayor.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good morning.

14                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  Good seeing you 

15           here.

16                  So as the chair of the Social Services 

17           Committee, I just have a question pertaining 

18           to shelters and the Department of 

19           Investigations report that came out in August 

20           of 2024.  And it addressed some serious 

21           issues -- it raised some serious issues.  How 

22           do you go about addressing the report on 

23           shelters?  And how do we fix the issue with 

24           the overspending that's seen to be taking 


                                                                   101

 1           place in shelters?  

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I really want to 

 3           bring -- all of us lawmakers here, I really 

 4           want to bring us back to what we inherited.  

 5           Senator, we were getting 4,000 people coming 

 6           to our city a week, 8,000 every two weeks.  

 7           We had to open a space.  We had to find 

 8           vendors that were willing to take on some of 

 9           these contracts.  

10                  The enormity of this problem -- we 

11           were being sued by Legal Aid because we 

12           weren't finding housing in a certain period 

13           of time due to the right to shelter law that 

14           was supposed to just accommodate 40,000 

15           people.  

16                  What this team did, we had to build a 

17           shelter system in weeks, something that took 

18           40 years to build.  And so we did, under the 

19           leadership of my chief of staff, Camille 

20           Joseph, Deputy Mayor Williams-Isom, O'Malley.  

21           The whole team came together and said, Let's 

22           build a system that took 40 years to build.  

23           And during that time we had to find those 

24           vendors, we had to find the contracts, and 


                                                                   102

 1           all of us know in government it's easy to 

 2           look after the game was over and say what the 

 3           quarterback should have done.  But when 

 4           you're on that field moving that ball down 

 5           the field -- we did it, 220,000 people, 

 6           180,000 no longer in our care, not one child 

 7           or family sleeping on the streets because of 

 8           what we've done.  

 9                  Yes, when you did an analysis, can you 

10           do things better?  Yes.  We were able to 

11           bring down the costs.  We saved billions of 

12           dollars because of what we did.  We committed 

13           to a 30 percent decrease in asylum-seeker 

14           costs.  We did it.  And this is a learning 

15           experience, but I guarantee you when people 

16           go back and read this part of the history, 

17           they're going to see how successful we were 

18           on managing the greatest humanitarian crisis 

19           in the history of this city.

20                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  So I just want to 

21           commend your team for all the work they did 

22           in keeping us informed as to the issues that 

23           were occurring.  That is not -- but I just 

24           want to make sure that we respond to what the 


                                                                   103

 1           DOI report showed.  That's all that is about.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes.

 3                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  And talking about, 

 4           you know, Assemblymember Fall talking about 

 5           the needs of our precincts, I just want to 

 6           advocate for the six police precincts that I 

 7           have in my district and the two PSAs.  They 

 8           are wholly understaffed.  And as you know, in 

 9           parts of my district there is a spike in 

10           crime and we need the assistance of NYPD.

11                  Thank you.  

12                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We're going to look 

13           at that.  And I want to thank you for running 

14           your bills, my team told me, on menopause.

15                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  Yes.  Yes.

16                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:   Assembly.  

17                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  We've been joined 

18           by Assemblymembers Reyes and Jackson.  

19                  Our next person is Assemblymember 

20           Dais.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Good morning, 

22           Mayor.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you doing, 

24           Assemblyman?


                                                                   104

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  A little aghast.  

 2           My Assemblymember Mr. Brown said you're the 

 3           best-dressed in the Assembly now.  I feel a 

 4           little {inaudible} about that.

 5                  (Laughter.)

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  I'm going to -- we 

 7           have a short time, so I'm going to be rapid 

 8           fire, real quick.  I have a construction 

 9           background.  I care deeply about 

10           infrastructure in New York.  So my question 

11           is a follow-up to Chairman Burke in reference 

12           to progressive design and alternative 

13           delivery.  Is it working, and is it the best 

14           way for New York City to move forward?

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You want to take 

16           that?

17                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER: 

18           Sure.  We are seeing very positive results 

19           both in terms of savings on time, savings on 

20           money and the limiting of change orders, 

21           which often create more expense and delays 

22           for projects.  And the dollar savings we have 

23           estimated at about 10 percent for projects 

24           that utilize the tool.


                                                                   105

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  That's key.  And 

 2           one thing I have been noticing -- and I'm 

 3           hoping that the city will be able to provide 

 4           a study on the impact on MBEs, WBEs, 

 5           specifically segmented into each one.  As 

 6           someone with a construction background we 

 7           like to talk about WBEs -- women do extremely 

 8           well -- but when you look at the racial 

 9           breakdown, Black and Latino businesses 

10           sometimes are underperforming in 

11           construction.  So I want to put a focus.

12                  Joint bidding.  It's a complicated 

13           matter.  I've worked on those type of 

14           projects.  We've got to get the utilities to 

15           the table.  What is the city doing with the 

16           utilities and the contractors to make sure 

17           that we can push an agreement to get an 

18           agreement on the table?

19                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

20           We're in constant and repeated conversation 

21           with all stakeholders, including contractors, 

22           labor, et cetera, because lots of different 

23           players who have to work together so that the 

24           objective of joint bidding, which is to 


                                                                   106

 1           reduce complexity, are achieved.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Thank you.

 3                  And to make a quick switch to 

 4           childcare, one issue we're having in the 

 5           Bronx and throughout the city is amazing -- 

 6           my wife's in childcare, she runs it for 1199, 

 7           and we're seeing an issue with reimbursement 

 8           payments to some of these nonprofits and 

 9           organizations, and there seems to be a 

10           bottleneck.

11                  What are we doing for this next 

12           quarter to help alleviate that issue?  

13                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  It 

14           is a multipronged approach, Assemblymember.  

15                  Specifically on childcare invoices, in 

16           the last fiscal year we accelerated about 

17           440 million.  But I also want to say in those 

18           payments -- but I also want to assure you 

19           that as relates to nonprofit payments in 

20           general, it includes bringing down the 

21           bureaucratic barriers and a new discretionary 

22           method to get more funds to not-for-profits 

23           more easily.

24                  We have an interagency approach.  We 


                                                                   107

 1           have a new executive order so every agency 

 2           has a not-for-profit point who is focused on 

 3           these issues.  We have been 

 4           extraordinarily committed to this sector, 

 5           which is why we also provided a COLA 

 6           affecting 80,000 workers and bringing more 

 7           than 700 million in funds to them because our 

 8           commitment to this sector and its workers is 

 9           quite strong.

10                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you very 

12           much.  

13                  Senator Cordell Cleare.

14                  SENATOR CLEARE:  How you doing, 

15           Mr. Mayor?

16                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How you doing, 

17           Senator?

18                  SENATOR CLEARE:  I hope you're well.  

19                  I'm good.  I want to get right to the 

20           questions.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

22                  SENATOR CLEARE:  You know, we are 

23           experiencing an affordability crisis in 

24           housing.  I'm continuously concerned about 


                                                                   108

 1           the migration of Blacks in New York as well 

 2           as the burden on older New Yorkers.  So I 

 3           wanted you to -- if your administration can 

 4           speak to what we are doing to create more 

 5           affordable housing, affordable to Black 

 6           New Yorkers and their incomes, as well as 

 7           older New Yorkers and workforce in New York 

 8           City.

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  So important.  And 

10           you have been a real strong and leading voice 

11           around that.  And that is what City of Yes 

12           was about.  Far too many neighborhoods were a 

13           City of No.  Every time we wanted to build in 

14           those neighborhoods, when you look at 

15           51 community boards, I believe out of the 51, 

16           10 of them build more housing than the other 

17           40-something combined.

18                  And so, FDM, you want to go into some 

19           of the specific --

20                  SENATOR CLEARE:  Not just building 

21           more housing.  Building housing that is 

22           affordable to Black New Yorkers and seniors.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  That's important.  

24           Because -- and you're right, and Black 


                                                                   109

 1           New Yorkers are also teachers.

 2                  SENATOR CLEARE:  Yes.

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  They're also 

 4           firefighters.

 5                  SENATOR CLEARE:  Yes.

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And it can't be just 

 7           extremely low.  When I speak to my accountant 

 8           and my teacher, they're saying, Eric, we're 

 9           fleeing.  When you look at those hundreds of 

10           thousands that left the city --

11                  SENATOR CLEARE:  I'm talking about 

12           both.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  -- they were 

14           middle-income Black and brown folks.

15                  So we want to focus on that.

16                  But you want to --

17                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

18           Yes, I'll just -- I'll mention a few of the 

19           highlights because -- on the financing of 

20           affordable housing, which has -- the last few 

21           years we've seen records broken, because we 

22           need to see those records broken to provide 

23           more affordable homes to New Yorkers.

24                  However you cut it, the last two 


                                                                   110

 1           calendar years, the last two fiscal years are 

 2           back-to-back records for not just the 

 3           construction of new housing for 

 4           extremely-low-income individuals and for 

 5           New Yorkers across the income spectrum, but 

 6           also for housing for the formerly homeless, 

 7           housing -- supportive homes.  

 8                  And specifically to your question on 

 9           senior production, the last calendar year saw 

10           the most senior units produced on record for 

11           the agency at close to 3,000.  And we want to 

12           continue that in the years to come.

13                  SENATOR CLEARE:  Yeah, there's a great 

14           need for more.  I just want to ask 

15           specifically about TIL buildings in the 

16           pipeline and if you can speak about where 

17           we're at in terms of transitioning those 

18           properties to low-income home ownership for 

19           tenants, and also making the vacant units 

20           available for rent or sale.

21                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

22           Yes.  I know, Senator, this has been a great 

23           area of focus for Commissioner Adolfo 

24           Carrión.  And so the TIL buildings have 


                                                                   111

 1           been -- they've been waiting for 

 2           revitalization and to move forward in the 

 3           process for many years, and so the ANCP 

 4           program is the answer to that.

 5                  (Inaudible; laughter.)

 6                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman 

 7           Epstein.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Over here, 

 9           Mr. Mayor.

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you doing?

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Good, how are 

12           you today?

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good.

14                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Good.  So I want 

15           to turn back to the issue of the mental 

16           health crisis.  And how are we going to get 

17           more supportive housing units online in the 

18           city to ensure that people with serious 

19           mental health issues have a place to live?  

20                  Because we see that crisis, we see 

21           people getting services, but they're coming 

22           back right to the streets instead of getting 

23           supportive housing.  We need to double and 

24           triple those units online.  And what's the 


                                                                   112

 1           city doing to make sure that happens?

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You know, you have 

 3           to inspect what you expect or suspect, I like 

 4           to say.  And the challenge of dealing with 

 5           those with severe mental health illness -- 

 6           when I go into the subway system with our 

 7           crisis team, with PATH and SCOUT, the amount 

 8           of time it takes to build trust, to get 

 9           people off the street into the supportive 

10           housing -- and then when they get into 

11           supportive housing, the challenge that you 

12           meet of making sure that they stay in 

13           supportive housing.  It's a real challenge.

14                  Under Dr. Vasan, we want to embrace 

15           the clubhouse model that we've done for some 

16           time.  But, you know, we removed 7700 

17           individuals that we transported to the 

18           hospital.  The system that we put in place 

19           now under Dr. Katz is that we need the proper 

20           handoff.  You know, once you give people -- 

21           once you convince people to come inside, you 

22           have to properly hand them off to the 

23           hospital facilities and they have to hand 

24           them off with a community-based organization 


                                                                   113

 1           that's going to give them the care, making 

 2           sure they're getting the support that they 

 3           deserve.  But it's a real challenge.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Yeah, and I -- I 

 5           do think we just need to build more units, 

 6           Mr. Mayor, and I hope that we will encourage 

 7           that happening this year, to expand more 

 8           supportive housing units.

 9                  But I know I don't have a lot of time.  

10           I want to turn to the discharge planning 

11           issues that are coming out of Rikers.  You 

12           know, this gentleman Ramon Rivera, stabbed 

13           three people in November in New York; he had 

14           been in Rikers, kept for nine months there in 

15           a mental health unit.  He was released from 

16           Rikers to the men's shelter in my district, 

17           and then he stabbed and unfortunately killed 

18           two people in my district as well as a third 

19           person.  

20                  There needs to be stronger discharging 

21           plans for those folks who are leaving Rikers 

22           Island.  And what are we going to do to 

23           ensure that people who are leaving get to a 

24           place that they can get support?  The guy 


                                                                   114

 1           just didn't show up for his appointments, and 

 2           then he was just lost.  And then that 

 3           resulted in three New Yorkers dying.

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Without a doubt.  

 5           And you're dead on.  Our analysis, we clearly 

 6           saw that the system was a revolving-door 

 7           system.  You pick a person up, you take them 

 8           inside the hospital, in many cases they did 

 9           not want to keep them in.  Then you turn them 

10           back out to the street, you wait until they 

11           commit some form of violent act, then you put 

12           them up in Rikers.

13                  Rikers has become the defunct mental 

14           health facilities, and we want to change 

15           that.  And that's what H+H is trying to do.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Yeah, we really 

17           need to do that.

18                  And the last thing is we put money in 

19           for middle-income housing.  We haven't built 

20           a new Mitchell-Lama development in 60 years 

21           in the city.  Can we commit to getting more 

22           middle-income housing in our city?

23                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

24           Yes.


                                                                   115

 1                  (Laughter.)

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Thank you.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Nice short answer 

 4           there.

 5                  Senate?

 6                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 7                  Senator Sanders.

 8                  SENATOR SANDERS:  Good morning.  Good 

 9           morning, Mr. Mayor.  Good morning to your 

10           team.

11                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you, 

12           Commissioner?

13                  SENATOR SANDERS:  I feel real.

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I mean, how are you, 

15           Senator?

16                  (Laughter.)

17                  SENATOR SANDERS:  It's all good.  It's 

18           all good.  Maybe it's a future thing that 

19           you're thinking about.  

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  SENATOR SANDERS:  Who knows.  Who 

22           knows.

23                  A statement, a thank you, and a 

24           question.  First, the statement on MWBE.  


                                                                   116

 1           New York City, with a budget of around 

 2           $129 billion, has been able to do 

 3           $6.4 billion in MWBE.  New York State, with a 

 4           budget of $259 billion, has done 3 billion.  

 5           You may want to -- hey, we need some help, 

 6           give us some ideas.

 7                  And thank you.  Thank you for your 

 8           support on initiatives.  I'm very interested 

 9           in what we're doing for the next generation.  

10           What are we doing not just about problems, 

11           but how are we going to move this city 

12           forward?  So I'm very grateful for your help 

13           with a media school that we're doing in 

14           Queens.  Thank you for that.

15                  Speaking of schools, I want to -- you 

16           raise an issue, and I'm chair of Banks, so 

17           I'm very interested in these things.  You 

18           raise an issue of banks in schools, an 

19           initiative that you're interested in doing.  

20           Can you expand a little bit on the 

21           initiative?  I'm very interested.  And in 

22           fact we want to be first.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And Commissioner 

24           Mayuga from DCWP, this is her baby.  


                                                                   117

 1                  You know, all of us know -- I left 

 2           high school with a credit rating that was 

 3           just dismal, you know.  We are now focusing 

 4           on financial literacy.  We want our children 

 5           to be healthy physically; mentally, by doing 

 6           our meditation in school, breathing 

 7           exercises; academically -- but what about 

 8           financially?  If you don't understand how to 

 9           use your money, you're going to find yourself 

10           perpetually in debt.  

11                  And so we are now going to partner 

12           with banks, other institutions to come in, 

13           teach our children how to open up bank 

14           accounts, what is checking about, what are 

15           credit card interest rates.  We're going to 

16           have an entire financial literacy program in 

17           our schools so our children can become 

18           financially sound to match their academics in 

19           the schools.

20                  And so we would love to partner with 

21           you.  I know you've been talking about this 

22           for some time.  We would like for you to be a 

23           partner with us, accomplishing this task.

24                  SENATOR SANDERS:  We can recommend two 


                                                                   118

 1           or three schools immediately that would -- 

 2           could use these things.  Are there any other 

 3           initiatives that you would like to put 

 4           forward from your administration?

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Around young people?

 6                  SENATOR SANDERS:  On any issue.

 7                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Preparing them for 

 8           the future, partner with our business leaders 

 9           in allowing them to go into real careers.  

10           And we are really making them career-ready in 

11           the process.  If I could share later --

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  You can finish the 

13           sentence (laughing).

14                  SENATOR SANDERS:  Thank you very much.  

15           Thank you.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblymember 

17           Valdez.

18                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN VALDEZ:  Okay.  Thank 

19           you, Chair.  Good morning, Mayor Adams.  

20                  As was already mentioned by I think a 

21           few of my colleagues at this point, we're 

22           seeing that students around New York City are 

23           afraid to go to school.  Attendance rates in 

24           public schools has dropped following the 


                                                                   119

 1           Trump administration's change in guidance to 

 2           sensitive areas.  

 3                  Do you think it makes New York City a 

 4           better place to live when our kids are afraid 

 5           to go to school and parents are keeping them 

 6           home?  

 7                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm having a problem 

 8           hearing you.

 9                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN VALDEZ:  Oh, sorry.  

10           I'll get closer.  So -- yeah.

11                  Do you think it makes New York City a 

12           safer place when our kids are afraid to go to 

13           school because they're worried that when they 

14           come home their parents won't be home or that 

15           there'll be, you know, immigration 

16           consequences to participating in public 

17           education?

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah.  And I think 

19           how we do that, how we make it safer and deal 

20           with the anxiety and take down the tone is 

21           not so much what children are doing, but what 

22           adults are doing.  

23                  I think that we need to let these 

24           children know that they can continue their 


                                                                   120

 1           education -- our administration has stated 

 2           this over and over again -- of create a safe 

 3           environment for children.  The staff at the 

 4           Department of Education, the teachers, the 

 5           principals, they have done that.  They have 

 6           embraced thousands of -- 40,000 children.  

 7           Some of them pay out of their own pockets to 

 8           buy clothing, school books, materials.

 9                  I think if adults take down this tone 

10           and just ensure that these children are going 

11           to be in a healthy environment, that's what 

12           we've provided.  We provided a healthy 

13           environment.

14                  Just the other day someone called me 

15           and said, ICE is outside the school, raiding 

16           the school.  It just wasn't true.  An adult 

17           posted that on social media.  And so how much 

18           are we contributing to this anxiety that 

19           these children are facing?

20                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN VALDEZ:  Mr. Mayor, with 

21           all due respect, I've had superintendents 

22           throughout schools in my district say that 

23           they don't feel that they've gotten the 

24           guidance they need from your administration 


                                                                   121

 1           to make sure that students are staying safe.  

 2                  So I just want to make sure that 

 3           guidance is coming from your administration, 

 4           understanding with our parents and our 

 5           teachers and our students, no matter where 

 6           they come from.  

 7                  Just in the interests of time, this 

 8           morning as I was getting ready to come to 

 9           this hearing, I heard on the radio that when 

10           asked if you had any concerns about the 

11           changes that are happening at the National 

12           Labor Relations Board right now, you said no.  

13                  To everyone who might not be paying 

14           attention, Jennifer Abruzzo, the general 

15           counsel for the National Labor Relations 

16           Board, was fired.  So was Gwynne Wilcox, a 

17           board member.  Did I hear you correctly?  Do 

18           you have no concerns about the changes there?

19                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  No.  No, you didn't.  

20           But let's go back.  Just as you stated that 

21           people have stated that we have not done 

22           enough, I've heard people say we have done 

23           enough.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN VALDEZ:  Differences of 


                                                                   122

 1           opinion, perhaps.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  So I always say 8.3 

 3           million people, 35 million opinions.  

 4                  I did not say no.  Gary Labarber was 

 5           standing next to me.  The question I said no 

 6           to was the concerns around tariffs.  We have 

 7           to secure our borders.  And we cannot 

 8           continue to allow terrorists to come across 

 9           the borders.  So I did not say no.

10                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN VALDEZ:  So you are 

11           concerned about what's happening at the NLRB 

12           right now.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm sorry, say it 

14           again?

15                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN VALDEZ:  You are 

16           concerned about what's happening at the NLRB 

17           right now.  

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I can answer another 

19           time.  The buzzer went off.

20                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

21                  Senate?

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator Sanders.

23                  (Overtalk, off the record.)

24                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And yet it was 


                                                                   123

 1           Senator Jackson's turn.

 2                  SENATOR SANDERS:  The better-looking 

 3           Sanders.

 4                  (Laughter.)

 5                  SENATOR JACKSON:  Well, thank you.  

 6                  So, Mayor, first, let me thank you and 

 7           your team for coming up to Albany during our 

 8           joint budget hearings and all that, and 

 9           answer all of the questions that are put 

10           forward.

11                  I have a couple.  How are we doing 

12           with Foundation Aid for New York City?  

13           Obviously, you know, education is the key to 

14           uplift all families.  It doesn't matter who 

15           you are.  That's number one.  

16                  Number two, a group of people, 

17           advocates, came into my office yesterday 

18           and -- about funding at the federal level for 

19           autism, for a program that New York City is 

20           running.  Can you -- have any information on 

21           that?  

22                  And then I look at your information 

23           that your staff have given out about the Axe 

24           the Tax for the Working Class.  In my 


                                                                   124

 1           district, a majority of the people that live 

 2           in my district are the working class.  And 

 3           I'm very interested in all of the information 

 4           that you have on this page.

 5                  So those are the questions I have.

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  So just the 

 7           Foundation Aid piece, the changes proposed by 

 8           the Governor result in the city receiving 

 9           $347 million less in Foundation Aid in '26.  

10           And so we agree with the data, but, you know, 

11           any less dollars that come from the state to 

12           the city is going to impact, particularly 

13           when we look at -- we're dealing with the 

14           class size issue, when we're dealing with 

15           hiring new teachers.  We have to hire 

16           thousands more teachers.  And so any cut to 

17           Foundation Aid is going to impact us greatly.

18                  SENATOR JACKSON:  Okay.  And the other 

19           ones about autism --

20                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm sorry?

21                  SENATOR JACKSON:  The autism program 

22           has been cut by DOE.  A group came into my 

23           office yesterday speaking about that, and 

24           they wanted to know what you're doing about 


                                                                   125

 1           federal cuts to the -- federal cuts.  Yeah, 

 2           that's what they said.

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, all of these 

 4           EOs we are examining to make sure our legal 

 5           team are looking over them, to make sure that 

 6           we're responding accordingly.  And we're 

 7           going to always fight to get the funding that 

 8           we need from not only Washington, D.C., but 

 9           Albany as well.  New York City residents, we 

10           are fighters for every dollar we need.

11                  SENATOR JACKSON:  Okay.  And as I said 

12           to you, the working class is the majority of 

13           the people that I represent.  And I'm just 

14           trying to look after their best interest.  

15                  So thank you.

16                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you very much.

17                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

18                  Assembly.  

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

20           Shimsky?  Who is no longer with us.  

21           Assemblywoman González-Rojas?  She left.  

22           Assemblyman Beephan?

23                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Oh, no, she is 

24           there.


                                                                   126

 1                  (Overtalk.)

 2                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  There 

 3           we go.  Thank you, Mr. Mayor.

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

 5                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Timely 

 6           processing for cash assistance applications 

 7           in New York City sits at a meager 53 percent.  

 8           SNAP processing is far below the 95 percent 

 9           target.  I just learned that city workers are 

10           living in shelters.  

11                  You say you want to address 

12           affordability for New Yorkers, but your Rent 

13           guidelines Board has increased the rent each 

14           year since you began.  You fought the 

15           City Council on housing vouchers that would 

16           prevent homelessness.  And public assistance 

17           applications are still not processed at the 

18           rate they should be.

19                  How are those moves addressing 

20           affordability for everyday New Yorkers?

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I didn't get -- I 

22           don't know, the mikes up there, I can't 

23           really hear that well.  But I think you were 

24           talking about our housing vouchers.


                                                                   127

 1                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  The 

 2           housing vouchers, the slow applications for 

 3           cash assistance, which is now at 53 percent.  

 4           SNAP processing is still below the 95 percent 

 5           rate.  And many city workers, I just learned, 

 6           are actually living in shelters because they 

 7           can't afford to live here.

 8                  So how do these moves support your 

 9           affordability goals in New York City?

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah.  No, thank you 

11           for that.  And Senator, when I was a Senator, 

12           I was hearing about city employees living in 

13           shelters.

14                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  I'm an 

15           Assemblymember.

16                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Assemblywoman.  I 

17           was hearing about city employees living in 

18           shelters.  

19                  That's why when you look at what we 

20           did in settling 97 percent of our contracts 

21           with 97, 98 percent ratification rate, one of 

22           our largest unions, DC37, would tell you how 

23           much we wanted to give fair contracts to our 

24           city employees.  Because I know what it is to 


                                                                   128

 1           be on the verge of homelessness.

 2                  So we have -- FDM, go into some of 

 3           these stats on cleaning up our backlogs that 

 4           we've had.

 5                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

 6           Yes, of course.  We've been really focused, 

 7           Assemblywoman, on making sure that those 

 8           backlogs that existed when we started in this 

 9           administration for both SNAP and cash have 

10           been cleared.  

11                  And so to be specific about it, as a 

12           result of that increased focus over the past 

13           year for SNAP, the timeliness rate has 

14           increased 27 percentage points from 

15           51 percent in December '03 to 86 percent.  

16           And in terms of cash assistance, the 

17           timeliness increased by 39 percentage points.  

18           There's more --

19                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  But 

20           it's still at 53 percent.  That's very low.

21                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

22           There might be more work to do, but I can 

23           assure you that the good people at HRA and 

24           across city agencies are spending every day, 


                                                                   129

 1           because they know that these are lifelines, 

 2           making sure that they're cleared and we keep 

 3           increasing those rates.

 4                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  

 5           Mr. Mayor, I do want to hear from you 

 6           directly about how you are targeting and 

 7           addressing affordability.  We know that's the 

 8           number-one issue in our city and in our 

 9           state.

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And as you stated, 

11           the numbers are still low.  We're getting a 

12           larger volume of people who are applying.  

13           Everything from paying medical debt to --

14                  (Time clock sounding.)

15                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senate?  

16                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

17                  Senator Julia Salazar.

18                  SENATOR SALAZAR:  Thank you, Chair.  

19                  Thank you, Mr. Mayor, for your 

20           testimony today.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you, Senator.  

22           Good to see you.

23                  SENATOR SALAZAR:  Good to see you.  

24                  Senator Ramos referenced this, but I 


                                                                   130

 1           have to return to it since it particularly 

 2           impacts my district.  City Hall has declined 

 3           to renew the leases of two childcare centers 

 4           in my district, Nuestros Ninos in 

 5           Williamsburg and Grand Street Settlement's 

 6           Stanhope Street location.  Both of these 

 7           childcare centers are models for quality 

 8           childcare in New York City.  High enrollment 

 9           at both -- in fact, full enrollment with a 

10           waiting list at the Grand Street site.  

11                  Forcing these centers to close would 

12           devastate the families that they serve, it 

13           would hurt the union workers, the childcare 

14           providers who work there, and it would 

15           exacerbate the lack of affordable childcare 

16           options that we are dealing with in the city.  

17                  What will you do to ensure that these 

18           childcare centers can stay open?  And what 

19           would you say to families affected by this 

20           decision?

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We -- and I spoke 

22           with Attorney General Letitia James yesterday 

23           about this, and other electeds on this, 

24           including Borough President Reynoso.  


                                                                   131

 1                  And so what we look at, we look at 

 2           three items.  Number one, are you reaching 

 3           the capacity of the young people in your 

 4           childcare center?  Because we have 30,000 

 5           empty seats.  We have to reconfig.  

 6                  Number two, what is the cost?  One 

 7           landlord is trying to jump the rent from 

 8           $30,000 a month to $80,000 a month.

 9                  Number three, do you have other 

10           childcare centers in the area?  Because many 

11           of these childcare centers were densely 

12           populated and we were having low enrollment.

13                  Those five centers didn't meet any of 

14           those items -- didn't meet those three items, 

15           I should say.  And so what we're doing now, I 

16           told the chief of staff, let's sit down with 

17           the electeds in the area and let's figure out 

18           what we can do to resolve this issue.  

19                  But we're going to need help, because 

20           too many of our children who should be in 

21           these centers, we're now recruiting them to 

22           get them in.  The City Council partnered with 

23           us.  We're using a large amount of money, 

24           millions of dollars, to get children in.  But 


                                                                   132

 1           we can't have centers occupied with 

 2           40 percent vacancy and you have other centers 

 3           in the area, which is feeding that crisis 

 4           that we saw when we first came into office.

 5                  So I would like for you to be part of 

 6           this team with Chief of Staff Camille Joseph 

 7           Varlack and the chancellor and see how we can 

 8           resolve this issue.

 9                  SENATOR SALAZAR:  Thank you.  I look 

10           forward to continuing that conversation.

11                  With the time I have left, there are 

12           recruitment and retention issues for civil 

13           service jobs across the state.  Right?  We 

14           know this.  Currently New York State law does 

15           not allow non-U.S. citizens to hold a number 

16           of public service positions, certain public 

17           service positions in state law, although many 

18           people are interested in serving and are 

19           uniquely qualified to serve their 

20           communities.  

21                  We know that this has affected the 

22           City of New York.  There's a vacancy rate for 

23           public-sector jobs.  Would you support 

24           changing state law --


                                                                   133

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, Senator.

 2                  SENATOR SALAZAR:  Okay.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

 4           Seawright.

 5                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SEAWRIGHT:  Thank you, 

 6           Mr. Chairman.  Hello, Mayor.

 7                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you?

 8                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SEAWRIGHT:  As chair of 

 9           the Aging Committee, I'm hearing a lot from 

10           older constituents in my district on the 

11           Upper East Side that have reported serious 

12           injuries due to electric bicycles, including 

13           on the sidewalk.

14                  So what changes could be made with the 

15           NYPD to support enforcement of existing laws 

16           in apprehending these people?

17                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I have not attended 

18           one senior center, one forum, one community 

19           group when this question did not come up.  

20           I'm surprised it took this long, because I 

21           hear it all the time.  

22                  And I instructed the NYPD under 

23           Deputy Commissioner Kaz Daughtry to put in 

24           place a real plan with Chief of Patrol John 


                                                                   134

 1           Chell, to go after them.  

 2                  We have removed over 80,000 illegal 

 3           vehicles off our streets.  Many of them are 

 4           dirt bikes, three-wheelers.  You go back two, 

 5           three years ago, they were running rampant.  

 6           Large motorcycle gangs was going through our 

 7           streets.  You don't see that anymore.  

 8                  Now we're zeroing in on those who are 

 9           delivery workers, those who are, you know, 

10           just using it for transportation, and we're 

11           doing better enforcement and educating those 

12           who are utilizing this effort to go after the 

13           proper uses of e-bikes.  

14                  This is a real concern.  We've heard 

15           it over and over again.  And we want to make 

16           sure that it's handled correctly, and they're 

17           doing that as well.

18                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SEAWRIGHT:  Thank you.  

19                  I know you're a proud graduate of John 

20           Jay College of Criminal Justice.  In an 

21           effort to tap into the pipeline of young 

22           people interested in law enforcement careers, 

23           the current Police Cadet Program has under 

24           250 participating in it.  So is this 


                                                                   135

 1           something that you could ask your new highly 

 2           regarded Police Commissioner Tisch to take 

 3           on, looking into expanding greatly this 

 4           program for the five boroughs?

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes, without a 

 6           doubt.  I think it's -- it's probably the 

 7           secret weapon to how we've improved 

 8           relationships between police and young 

 9           people.  The Cadet Program, the Explorer 

10           Program, those are excellent programs, and we 

11           would like to see it increase and expand even 

12           more.

13                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SEAWRIGHT:  And lastly, 

14           I have Roosevelt Island in my district.  I 

15           thank you for visiting a while back.  

16                  The constituents are interested in 

17           priority boarding on the tram.  As you know, 

18           Roosevelt Island was originally invented for 

19           people with disabilities and they're 

20           incurring long, long wait lines due to the 

21           visitors to the island, and tourists.  

22                  Would you support priority boarding?  

23           Community Board 8 has passed a resolution in 

24           support of it.


                                                                   136

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Tell me that again?

 2                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SEAWRIGHT:  Would you 

 3           support priority boarding of the tram on 

 4           Roosevelt Island for local residents of the 

 5           island?

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Before I say yes, I 

 7           need -- oh. 

 8                  (Time clock sounding.)

 9                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 

10           Assemblywoman.  

11                  Could I just remind everyone, when you 

12           see the yellow light, that means you have 

13           30 seconds remaining.  If you continue your 

14           question through the yellow light, you don't 

15           leave any time for a response.  Which just 

16           happened.

17                  Senate.

18                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

19                  Senator Rolison.

20                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Thank you, 

21           Madam Chair.  

22                  Good morning, Mr. Mayor and the team.

23                  A lot has been said -- the Governor's 

24           talked about it, you have been an advocate 


                                                                   137

 1           for it, the involuntary commitment of the 

 2           individuals who are in crisis on your 

 3           streets, our streets.  And it is a larger 

 4           problem than just talking about it.  You 

 5           mentioned, Mr. Mayor, correctly, that these 

 6           individuals, multiple interactions, it's very 

 7           difficult to get them to want to get help.  

 8                  And what do you see, and your team 

 9           sees, as the buildout of this system needs to 

10           happen?  You know, you've got the people 

11           trained, on the streets, as many communities 

12           do.  But after -- and they're ready to make a 

13           commitment or they have to be taken in 

14           custody, so to speak, on a commissioner's 

15           order or whatever, to go to an involuntary 

16           commitment or even any commitment, for that 

17           matter, Mr. Mayor.  

18                  What does that infrastructure look 

19           like?  And what does this state need to do to 

20           help you and other communities get there?  

21           It's one thing to talk about it, but what 

22           else do we need to do as a state to create 

23           that system?  

24                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Great, great 


                                                                   138

 1           question.  And that's why we're really 

 2           pushing the Supportive Intervention Act, 

 3           because it starts with family members who 

 4           want to refer their loved ones to care and 

 5           not just push them to the streets.  

 6                  And there's not a real well understood 

 7           pipeline to accomplish that.  And so we first 

 8           must make sure our programs like SCOUT and 

 9           PATH must partner with clinicians and 

10           law enforcement officers when they need it, 

11           to get people to the hospital to get care 

12           when it's needed.  

13                  And then our hospital staff must have 

14           clarity codified in law that they can hold 

15           people to the appropriate amount of time, not 

16           feel they have to release them right away.  

17           You give someone their medication, they go 

18           right back out into the street when it's one 

19           day.  We should look at their history, are 

20           they using drugs with the medication that 

21           they're receiving, and give them a period of 

22           time to hold them.  And then the proper 

23           hand-off.  

24                  The community-based groups and 


                                                                   139

 1           organizations that are out there that can 

 2           give them that continuing care to make sure 

 3           that they get the support that they deserve, 

 4           that they don't slip and fall back into the 

 5           system.  That is how we address this problem.

 6                  SENATOR ROLISON:  And briefly, if that 

 7           was all ready to go today, are the supportive 

 8           beds available?

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, we put back 

10           online our psychiatric beds.  Many went 

11           offline after COVID.  We need our private 

12           hospitals also to do so.  And we have to 

13           continue to build out to get those supportive 

14           beds.  And everyone needs to embrace it.  

15           When we try to put supportive beds or 

16           supportive housing in certain locations, 

17           there's a lot of pushback.  And we need to 

18           know that these are our citizens, they're our 

19           residents, our neighbors, and we need to be 

20           there to allow them to be part of the 

21           community.

22                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Thank you.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman 

24           Beephan.


                                                                   140

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Good morning.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you?

 3                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Good, thank you.

 4                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good.

 5                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  So back to your 

 6           favorite topic, migrants.  Mostly particular 

 7           to Dutchess County.  

 8                  So in 2023 your administration 

 9           transferred both adult and children migrants 

10           to Dutchess County.  My questions are 

11           pertaining to the adults that are currently 

12           housed at the Red Roof Inn.  It led to 

13           litigation and executive orders and all of 

14           that.  But in December there was an 

15           announcement from your office stating that 

16           the migrants from Dutchess County were going 

17           to be transferred out.

18                  What is the status of that transfer?  

19                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Now, they're in your 

20           county?  Help me understand.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Correct.  Yup, 

22           Dutchess County.  Poughkeepsie.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  They're in 

24           Poughkeepsie.


                                                                   141

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Correct.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And you're saying 

 3           they're going to be transferred back --

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Correct.  Yeah, 

 5           by a statement made from your office in 

 6           December that you had stated or someone from 

 7           your office stated that migrants were going 

 8           to be transferred out of Poughkeepsie.

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Let me look into 

10           that.  Every deal we made with those 

11           counties -- who were extremely helpful when 

12           we needed it -- we lived up to all those 

13           deals.  And if there's a reason that we did 

14           not live up to those deals, I'm going to make 

15           sure that my chief of staff, who has been 

16           part of this, and Deputy Mayor Williams-Isom, 

17           zero in and find out exactly what happened.  

18                  But we've lived up to all the deals.  

19           And those counties that came in and stepped 

20           up for us, we don't want to violate any 

21           agreement we made with them.

22                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Understood.  Was 

23           there coordination with Dutchess County prior 

24           to the migrants being relocated there?


                                                                   142

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Every time we moved 

 2           migrants and asylum seekers up into a county, 

 3           we coordinated, we communicated.  We did not 

 4           want them to wake up and feel like New York 

 5           was doing to them what has been done to us.  

 6           And so we took great strides in that 

 7           communication.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN BEEPHAN:  Understood.  

 9           Well, I have heard from several local 

10           business owners in that area that there's 

11           been issues stemming from that ongoing 

12           situation there.  I won't get into the 

13           details, but if your administration could 

14           look into that, we would greatly appreciate 

15           that, especially if the transfer's pending 

16           sometime soon.

17                  Thank you.

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Okay.  Thank you.

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Is that it?

20                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you, 

21           Mr. Mayor.  I believe I'm the last Senator, 

22           so to speak.

23                  So I know there's been a number of 

24           questions about migrants and federal policy 


                                                                   143

 1           and what the City of New York's been doing.  

 2           And I was just sent an article from Crain's 

 3           Business that while the Greater New York 

 4           Hospital Association has sent out a memo to 

 5           its members urging them how to handle 

 6           situations if ICE agents show up for 

 7           patients, that New York NYU Langone, a 

 8           hospital in my district has taken the 

 9           position that the staff -- "Please note, it 

10           is illegal to intentionally protect a person 

11           who is in the United States unlawfully from 

12           detention."  And not saying privacy for 

13           patients not cooperating.  

14                  And I'm just curious now what the 

15           administration's going to do about this.  I 

16           find it both very disturbing and frankly 

17           actually a violation of patient privacy 

18           rights in the State of New York.  And I don't 

19           know that you know about this, because I've 

20           just seen this right this second, but I do 

21           think this is a real concern, particularly 

22           because NYU Langone, of course as you know, 

23           is directly next door to Bellevue, which is 

24           probably the public hospital with the largest 


                                                                   144

 1           number of patients that are not U.S. 

 2           citizens, and they overlap medical staffs and 

 3           residents.  

 4                  So if you're on one side of the floor, 

 5           you get one set of instructions about how to 

 6           handle ICE, and if you're on another side of 

 7           the floor in the other building you get 

 8           different.  I think we have to deal with 

 9           this.

10                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah.  And what is 

11           the instruction?  I'm sorry.  You said they 

12           told them -- 

13                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  This is from 

14           Crain's Business, Crain's Health Pulse, that 

15           that hospital focuses on our obligation to 

16           comply with federal laws and regulations, 

17           instructs staff to notify the security 

18           department when a government agent requests 

19           information on a patient or access to a 

20           nonpublic area, and states it is illegal to 

21           intentionally protect a person who is in the 

22           United States unlawfully.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, I'm not 

24           familiar with -- and those are definitely not 


                                                                   145

 1           under -- the hospital is not under H+H.  

 2           That's a private hospital.  

 3                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  It's a private 

 4           hospital.  But we have lots of private 

 5           hospitals in New York City.

 6                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah.  And I'm not 

 7           familiar with exactly what is in that 

 8           article, and we would look it over and see 

 9           exactly what's in that article.

10                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  I'm urging you 

11           that you need to look into this and do 

12           something.  I didn't expect you would know 

13           this now, because it's coming across as a 

14           press story right this second.  But it's a 

15           very disturbing one to us.  Frankly, from a 

16           public health perspective, for all of us, 

17           regardless of our legal status here.  

18                  If people don't think they can go to 

19           hospitals for healthcare, you have a new 

20           public health crisis on our hands here in 

21           New York City.

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We agree 

23           100 percent.  And we have articulated it over 

24           and over again, not only going to hospitals, 


                                                                   146

 1           going to schools, getting services from 

 2           law enforcement.  And, you know, I've often 

 3           heard today about the substantial drop in 

 4           enrollment in schools.  And I should have 

 5           said it right away:  That is not true.  We 

 6           don't have a substantial drop in enrollment.  

 7                  That is -- again, adults need to tone 

 8           down the anxiety.  We can't just put rumors 

 9           out there.  We don't have a substantial drop 

10           in our schools.

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  So during the 

12           Education Hearing -- and it was after your 

13           chancellor had already left, so I couldn't 

14           ask her -- there was a discussion that the 

15           superintendents of the other Big 5 schools 

16           were complaining that when students enroll in 

17           charter schools but then drop out or are 

18           asked to leave, that the money doesn't come 

19           back to the local public school system.  

20                  And I'm curious, what's your 

21           understanding for New York City?

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I'm not sure -- I'm 

23           sorry?  Charter schools, the money?  When 

24           people drop out of the charter schools, does 


                                                                   147

 1           the money go back to the district schools.

 2                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Correct.

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You know, I'm not 

 4           sure.

 5                  NYC BUDGET DIRECTOR JIHA:  (Shaking 

 6           head.)  

 7                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  You don't know 

 8           either.

 9                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  No.

10                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Well, I encourage 

11           you to look into that, because legally it is 

12           supposed to go back for the public schools.  

13           And the fact that the other Big 5 

14           superintendents were saying that they weren't 

15           getting it back raised a red flag to me that 

16           we need to look into that for New York City, 

17           because the law is that that should be 

18           happening.

19                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  That's what the 

20           current law states?  Okay, we're going to 

21           look into that.

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

23                  So you heard some people talking about 

24           congestion pricing.  I happen to be a fan of 


                                                                   148

 1           it.  I think that you support it.  Do you 

 2           have experience from what you're hearing 

 3           about the value to New York City of 

 4           congestion pricing?  

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Deputy Mayor Meera 

 6           Joshi is doing an analysis.  She sits on the 

 7           MTA Board as well, and she's doing an 

 8           analysis.  I mean, it's still fresh, you 

 9           know?  So I think the jury is out on are we 

10           reaching what we want.  I think we're 

11           obligated to raise that billion dollars each 

12           year, and so we need to do an analysis, see 

13           what the impact -- what's the impact on 

14           environmental issues in other parts of the 

15           city.  

16                  And so I think the jury is still out, 

17           and we need to make sure that we deal with 

18           traffic, we deal with congestion.  It's an 

19           economic issue as well as a health issue, and 

20           we're going to continue to monitor it.

21                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

22                  The federal government has certainly 

23           made noise already in this first month of the 

24           new administration that they don't like the 


                                                                   149

 1           idea of having to pay for public housing.  

 2           What's the contingency plan in your budget 

 3           for the City of New York if they stop sending 

 4           money for NYCHA?  

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, when you look, 

 6           Senator, at the fact that NYCHA has an 

 7           $80 billion capital deficit -- $80 billion -- 

 8           I think that far too many levels of 

 9           government have walked away from NYCHA.  We 

10           all need to do more.  

11                  For the first time, the first deputy 

12           mayor included in our housing budget -- NYCHA 

13           is in part of our housing plan.  And 

14           everything from the success we've had up here 

15           of getting the land trust passed, which we've 

16           been voting on.  We have to find creative 

17           ways of closing that gap, and that is coming 

18           from every level of government.  We're going 

19           to do our part on the city, but the federal 

20           and state, we need to reinvest in public 

21           housing again.

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

23                  You just announced a deal with the 

24           United Nations for the UNDC bonding 


                                                                   150

 1           $500 million to redo U.N. One and Two, which 

 2           were city-owned buildings.  Which were in my 

 3           district forever, but technically are now 

 4           Senator Gonzalez's district.  

 5                  So we had made a deal with the 

 6           previous administration that those buildings 

 7           would get sold and a certain percentage of 

 8           the money from the sale of those buildings 

 9           would go towards the building out of the 

10           East Promenade waterfront.

11                  Now that it appears we're going to 

12           raise -- bond $500 million to redo the 

13           buildings, I guess to continue the lease to 

14           the U.N., are we ever going to make good on 

15           the commitments for that East River Promenade 

16           that was supposed to be paid for with 

17           portions of the proceeds of the sale?  

18                  And one of the issues was the U.N. was 

19           paying such a low rental amount that we were 

20           never going to get real money out of it.  So 

21           I'm just curious, do we have a really good 

22           deal now and there will be money that can go 

23           towards the promenade?  Because I know my 

24           community's already saying what happens to 


                                                                   151

 1           the deal we made.  

 2                  And while many of us have changed 

 3           seats since then -- you were not the mayor -- 

 4           I was the Senator, and I'm saying now I'm a 

 5           next-door Senator.  A guy named Dan Garodnick 

 6           was the City Councilmember, a guy named 

 7           Brian Kavanagh, now a Senator, was the 

 8           Assemblymember.  So we negotiated this whole 

 9           thing as an MOU with City Hall.  And I'm 

10           curious whether that got factored into this 

11           new announcement.

12                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

13           We'd be happy, Senator, to follow up to make 

14           sure we're accomplishing as many goals as 

15           possible, through and including investments 

16           in public realm.  And I think we have a 

17           strong track record across the city on the 

18           waterfront of making these types of 

19           investments.  

20                  For this particular deal through UNDC, 

21           it represents 2,000 union jobs and several 

22           hundred thousand square feet of office space 

23           that will be renewed and revitalized and 

24           critical, not just for job creation but to 


                                                                   152

 1           make sure that we continue to be a global hub 

 2           of commerce and the type of work that the UN 

 3           represents.  

 4                  But I'd be more than happy to follow 

 5           up on what was represented in that MOU to 

 6           identify areas where we can look at those 

 7           commitments and make sure that we're honoring 

 8           them to the extent feasible.

 9                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay, I 

10           appreciate that.  Thank you.

11                  Last, it's silly to walk into 48 

12           seconds with affordable housing, but we all 

13           know how important it is.  And recently it 

14           seems there are a few buildings that even 

15           have been going up in my district and then 

16           little news stories come out that there will 

17           be X number of affordable units available, 

18           but they're not on the HPD website as 

19           something people can apply for.  

20                  Did something change in the rules that 

21           they don't have to do that anymore and they 

22           can make their own deals for picking people?

23                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  If 

24           it's going through the lottery they should be 


                                                                   153

 1           on our website, so I'd be happy to follow up 

 2           to make sure that there's no property that 

 3           has slipped through the cracks for some 

 4           reason.  

 5                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay.  There's 

 6           one on 78th and First, because I looked and 

 7           it's not there.

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Nice area.

 9                  SENATOR KRUEGER:  And I think there 

10           were a few others.  

11                  All right, my time is up.  Thank you 

12           very much.  Assembly?  

13                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, Senator.

14                  Assemblyman Tannousis.

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN TANNOUSIS:  Good 

16           afternoon, Mr. Mayor.

17                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you?

18                  ASSEMBLYMAN TANNOUSIS:  Good, good.  

19           How are you?

20                  I want to talk to you today -- I want 

21           to ask you today about the migrant shelters 

22           on Staten Island.  I was glad that one of the 

23           shelters in Travis closed.  But we do still 

24           have emergency migrant shelters on 


                                                                   154

 1           Staten Island, including one location, which 

 2           is in my district, Island Shores location, 

 3           along Father Capodanno.  That location has 

 4           been the center of protests.  The community 

 5           was up in arms when that shelter came about.  

 6           The community was upset about lack of notice, 

 7           about lack of communication between the 

 8           mayor's office and the local elected 

 9           officials, and there was very much a 

10           bipartisan effort to show our discontent for 

11           that location.

12                  My question for you today, Mr. Mayor, 

13           is when is that location going to close?  

14           Notice I'm not asking you if that location is 

15           going to close.  My question is, when will 

16           that location close, Mr. Mayor, and finally 

17           bring peace to that neighborhood?  

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And that's the goal.  

19           We want to bring peace to the city.  And as I 

20           said earlier before your arrival, 

21           Assemblyman, I have not found one elected 

22           official that raised their hand and said, 

23           Hey, put the shelter here, Eric.  Not one.

24                  I have to put it somewhere.  And we 


                                                                   155

 1           want to minimize the disruption to 

 2           communities.  We want to minimize how we have 

 3           to keep people in shelters. We -- you know, 

 4           and you're right, adequate notice.  We were 

 5           not getting notice when we were getting 4,000 

 6           people a week, 8,000 people every two weeks, 

 7           16,000 a month.  No one was calling us to 

 8           say, Hey, expect that busload at 2 a.m. in 

 9           the morning.

10                  We were mandated by the lawsuits from 

11           the Legal Aid Society, within a certain 

12           period of time we had to house people.  And 

13           this team was up to 4, 5 every morning doing 

14           the best they can.  

15                  And so we want to close that location 

16           as soon as possible.  We've closed 33 sites.  

17           No one thought we was going to close Floyd 

18           Bennett Field -- it's closed.  No one thought 

19           we was going to close Randalls Island -- it's 

20           closing.  We are going to try to close as 

21           many as possible.

22                  And you know what, when we try to get 

23           people out, Assemblyman, when we said you 

24           have 30 days, this is not a lifetime 


                                                                   156

 1           experience, people fought against us.  But it 

 2           was successful.  We got 180-something- 

 3           thousand people out, and we look forward to 

 4           the day that you and I stand in front of that 

 5           site because we closed it together, and we're 

 6           going to close it down.

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN TANNOUSIS:  Thank you, 

 8           Mr. Mayor.  And I assure you that no one on 

 9           Staten Island was upset about giving 

10           individuals 30 days to vacate the premises.

11                  But please keep that location in mind, 

12           and I'll be happy to work with your office to 

13           ensure that these locations are closed.

14                  Thank you, Mr. Mayor.

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Colton.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN COLTON:  Good morning, 

18           Mr. Mayor.

19                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.  How are 

20           you, Assemblyman?

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN COLTON:  We finish this 

22           early, possibly you'll be able to join us at 

23           our Asian Lunar New Year celebration this 

24           afternoon.


                                                                   157

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I was wondering 

 2           about that red you're wearing.

 3                  ASSEMBLYMAN COLTON:  Before you became 

 4           mayor, you strongly criticized the existing 

 5           homeless policy, shelter policy, as failing 

 6           to deal with the real problems of our 

 7           homeless and creating a system of long-term 

 8           shelters and exorbitant costs.  Yet you seem 

 9           to have greatly expanded that shelter policy.

10                  In recent reports from the DOI, there 

11           have been findings that there is nepotism, 

12           lack of competitive bidding, and exorbitant 

13           salaries of the city's shelter programs.  

14           City & State reported on the number of crimes 

15           that actually took place in the shelters 

16           against our homeless people.  Statistics show 

17           that homelessness is continuing to grow.  And 

18           we're not talking about migrant homelessness, 

19           we're talking about city homelessness 

20           continues to grow and accelerate.

21                  The growing cost now for the city has 

22           soared to some four to $6 billion a year, and 

23           some say it's going to reach $8 billion a 

24           year.  This is all money that is diverted 


                                                                   158

 1           from programs that would really help the 

 2           problems of homeless people.  And it is also 

 3           connected with not providing proper services 

 4           to those with mental illness problems.  

 5           High-profile random attacks on the subways 

 6           and the streets have created a fear among 

 7           New Yorkers for using the subways and the 

 8           streets.

 9                  Why are we continuing to expand and to 

10           build more city-run shelters when it is clear 

11           this system fails to help homeless people?  

12           And it fails to help neighborhoods and is not 

13           supported by anyone, whether it be the 

14           homeless people or by people in 

15           neighborhoods.  And when it diverts billions 

16           of dollars that should be going to reduce 

17           homelessness and deal with the homeless 

18           problem, and not simply enrich the pockets of 

19           wealthy developers and wealthy operators who 

20           are paid -- the Department of Investigation 

21           showed that they were paid exorbitant 

22           salaries, the CEOs operating the city 

23           homeless shelters.

24                  Why are we not listening to the voices 


                                                                   159

 1           of the vast numbers of New Yorkers telling us 

 2           this program is filled with corruption, with 

 3           nepotism, it does not deal with the needs of 

 4           homeless people, and it diverts billions of 

 5           dollars in a failed program which simply does 

 6           not work.

 7                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  You said a lot.

 8                  (Time clock sounding.)

 9                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  A three-minute 

10           question garners a zero answer.  

11                  (Laughter.)

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman 

13           Gallahan.

14                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you doing, 

15           Assemblyman?

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN GALLAHAN:  Thank you, 

17           Mr. Chairman.  Good afternoon, Mayor.  

18                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you?

19                  ASSEMBLYMAN GALLAHAN:  It is 

20           afternoon.  

21                  I want to go back to the cannabis, 

22           back when --

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Cannabis?

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN GALLAHAN:  Cannabis.  I 


                                                                   160

 1           want to talk about cannabis.

 2                  So back when we debated the bill a 

 3           couple of years ago, I was vehemently adamant 

 4           about funding our sheriffs, our cities, our 

 5           towns, and our New York City police to combat 

 6           black-market sales.  Black-market sales in 

 7           every other state that enacted cannabis 

 8           legally, the average increase in black-market 

 9           sales is 138 percent.

10                  There was nothing in the bill to 

11           address that, nothing.  There's nothing in 

12           the Governor's budget to address that.  I 

13           commend you for what I heard earlier about 

14           how you've attacked that market in New York 

15           City and what you're doing to eradicate the 

16           black market and increase our sales where we 

17           get the tax money.  Because Joe down the 

18           street, contrary to popular belief, is not 

19           paying the state a dime.

20                  So my question is, what suggestions do 

21           you have for us in the Legislature that we 

22           can further provide you resources necessary 

23           to continue what you're doing?

24                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Great -- great 


                                                                   161

 1           question.  And I want to -- Diane, you should 

 2           touch on that, because you're intimately 

 3           involved in that.

 4                  But one area that we're finding we're 

 5           having a problem with right now, these stores 

 6           are -- as much as you pass the law, they try 

 7           to get ahead of you.  We just learned now we 

 8           cannot go in and do an inspection if it's 

 9           a -- if they have a hemp license.  Which 

10           makes no sense.  If they have a hemp license 

11           and are selling illegal cannabis, we cannot 

12           go in and inspect them.  The judge ruled that 

13           if someone has a hemp license, my sheriff 

14           can't go in and do inspections at all in the 

15           store.

16                  And so we may have to look at a 

17           modification on how to deal with that.  And 

18           the Office of Cannabis management needs to 

19           have a faster turnaround to let us know if a 

20           person has a hemp license.  They are 

21           requiring us to return the product back to 

22           the people.  That's a real problem.

23                  But Diane, you want to --

24                  SENIOR MAYORAL ADVISOR SAVINO:  Just 


                                                                   162

 1           briefly on that, one thing that you guys can 

 2           do to help us is there is a flaw in the hemp 

 3           licensing law that the mayor touched on which 

 4           prevents us from going in and inspecting.  

 5           OCM also cannot go in and inspect those 

 6           localities that have a -- facilities that 

 7           have a hemp license.  

 8                  Right now, though, the Ag & Markets, 

 9           which issues hemp licenses, have been issuing 

10           temporary hemp licenses on -- just online, 

11           without any background checks.  So many of 

12           the people that we closed down, with the 

13           tools that you gave us last year, they're 

14           smart -- they figured out that there's a flaw 

15           in the law, and they're doing that.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  We've been joined 

17           by Assemblywoman Walker.

18                  The next questioner is Assemblywoman 

19           Jackson.

20                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Thank you, 

21           Chair.  Hi, Mr. Mayor.

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How are you doing, 

23           Assemblywoman?

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  All is well.


                                                                   163

 1                  Okay, so I know statistically crime is 

 2           down.  However, I'm in the South Bronx, so 

 3           I'm the 4-0, the 4-1, the 4-2, PSA 7, 44 and 

 4           48.  They are all asking for more officers.  

 5           My seniors are asking for more officers.  

 6           They do not feel like they are supported 

 7           enough.  So I'm going to state that.

 8                  However, my young people are asking 

 9           for jobs.  They want more jobs.  And I've 

10           gone to a number of your hiring halls -- the 

11           lines are out the door and around the block.  

12           Our city wants to work.  Our professionals 

13           also want to work.  And a lot of the jobs 

14           inside are not necessarily for people who we 

15           told to go and get an advanced degree and a 

16           Ph.D.  Those people are looking for work as 

17           well.  

18                  So any suggestions on what we should 

19           be doing in the budget to help all levels of 

20           people with education with working.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  No, love that 

22           question.  And we brought down unemployment 

23           in every demographic in the city.  Black 

24           unemployment was four times the rate of white 


                                                                   164

 1           unemployment when I came into city.  We 

 2           dropped Black and Hispanic unemployment by 

 3           20 percent.

 4                  As you stated, we've been doing these 

 5           hiring halls and I would love to sponsor more 

 6           in your district, because we have thousands 

 7           of vacancies in city government, good jobs, 

 8           school safety agents, correction officers -- 

 9           that was mentioned earlier by the Assemblyman 

10           about employing our schools -- our correction 

11           officers.  We are in a crisis for teachers 

12           because of what we've done around class size. 

13                  So we need to get all these vacancies 

14           that are available in city government, good 

15           union-paying jobs, good salaries -- and the 

16           private industry have joined us -- and get it 

17           to the people that need a job.

18                  FDM, talk about some of the great work 

19           you're doing.

20                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

21           Yes.  In addition to what the mayor 

22           mentioned, we also have done a lot into other 

23           areas.  One, really building out 

24           apprenticeship opportunities, in particular 


                                                                   165

 1           for early career New Yorkers, and it's an 

 2           opportunity to both earn and learn.  And we 

 3           see them -- we work with the private sector 

 4           in a whole array of industries from 

 5           construction to tech and to life sciences --

 6                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Okay, so let 

 7           me just pause, because I need to ask about 

 8           cannabis.  And I'm going to have my office 

 9           reach out so we can --

10                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

11           Perfect.

12                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  -- figure out 

13           a plan.  

14                  But cannabis, I've spoken with OCM.  I 

15           know that our sheriffs are able seize product 

16           and to seize money.  OCM is saying that 

17           they're not getting reports from us as to how 

18           much is being seized and where the money is.  

19           So can you tell me why they're not answering 

20           to OCM and where we can find how much funding 

21           and product was seized?

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, that should 

23           not happen.  So let's find out -- I would 

24           have the Deputy Mayor Parker reach out to OCM 


                                                                   166

 1           and find out where the communication gap is.  

 2           That should not happen.  We could give them 

 3           the stats and reports.

 4                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Okay.  Because 

 5           there was a hearing also and they asked how 

 6           much money was seized, and no one had an 

 7           answer.

 8                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, they'd better.  

 9           So let us look into that, okay?

10                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Okay.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

12                  Assemblywoman Simon.

13                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  How you doing, 

14           Assemblywoman?

15                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  (Mic problem.)  

16           Oh, I'm sorry.  How are you, sir?

17                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Hard to hear you up 

18           there.

19                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  Good to see you.

20                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Oh, thank you.  Good 

21           seeing you as well.

22                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  I have a couple 

23           of questions for you -- probably not the ones 

24           you thought I would ask you.  So I'm going to 


                                                                   167

 1           ask you some other questions.  Right?

 2                  You know, I think Mr. Epstein 

 3           mentioned before the disparities in the 

 4           number of units for supported housing, and 

 5           only 18 percent of those people who are 

 6           eligible have been able to get units.

 7                  So I just want to make sure that we 

 8           are looking at how we can fix this, how we 

 9           can make changes to that eligibility so that 

10           people actually -- reduce the barriers to 

11           actually getting that supported housing.  

12                  But my question is, number one, 

13           New York City is currently doing a massive 

14           water table study, and I would like your 

15           commitment to authorize the addition to that 

16           of a hydrology study in the Gowanus 

17           watershed, which as you know is toxic, prone 

18           to flooding, and the site of 8,000-plus new 

19           housing units being put in.

20                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Someone -- one of my 

21           water people tell me about that before I say 

22           yes, because she's going to hold me to it.

23                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  DEP doing a lot 

24           of work there, you know?


                                                                   168

 1                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Let me have Rit 

 2           communicate with you, Rit Aggarwala, who's 

 3           the commissioner of DEP, and find out exactly 

 4           what I'm about to say yes to.  Okay?

 5                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  Okay.  I'm going 

 6           to hold you to it.

 7                  And then secondarily, the Brooklyn 

 8           House of Detention, as you know, it's about a 

 9           40-story building.  We were supposed to have 

10           about 160 therapeutic beds which are used not 

11           only for people with mental illness but 

12           chronic health conditions as well.  And 

13           that's been cut in half.  And now when we 

14           build out the four jails to replace Rikers, 

15           we will have roughly half the therapeutic 

16           beds systemwide.

17                  How do we square that with this 

18           concern that's been expressed about those 

19           people struggling with mental illness?

20                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Great question.

21                  Assemblywoman, the plan is flawed.  

22           And I've stated this over and over again, 

23           it's like, you know, no one wants to 

24           acknowledge that it's a flawed plan because 


                                                                   169

 1           we put the plan in place already.  

 2                  The current jail population exceeds 

 3           what the four jails are going to do.  The 

 4           price has doubled.  We need a -- you can't 

 5           have 51 percent of the inmates having mental 

 6           health issues.  We need a state-of-the-art 

 7           psychiatric facility.  I think one of those 

 8           jails should do that for in- and outpatient 

 9           treatment, that we can give a real care that 

10           we can be proud of.  

11                  And so right now when you look at the 

12           space that we need, we look at how long 

13           people stay on Rikers Island without getting 

14           their time in court, that is what's feeding 

15           this problem.  Every aspect of the criminal 

16           justice system must participate in a real 

17           Rikers plan.  And if we don't do that, we're 

18           going to have a real crisis down the road.

19                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  We already do.  

20           And it's not getting better by reducing the 

21           number of therapeutic beds.  We need more of 

22           them.

23                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  If there's any 


                                                                   170

 1           place we need them, it's there.  Thank you.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, I agree.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 4                  Assemblywoman Walker.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Assemblywoman, how 

 6           are you? 

 7                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  I'm doing well.

 8                  But unlike my colleague, I'm going to 

 9           ask you exactly what you think I'm going to 

10           ask you.  And of course, Mr. Mayor, and to 

11           all of your colleagues, a pleasant good 

12           morning.  

13                  So I'm going to talk about discovery.  

14           So you're a police officer and very good one, 

15           or you were, but I'm sure once a police 

16           officer, always a police officer.  And if I 

17           showed up on a crime scene and I told you 

18           what was relevant -- don't look over here, 

19           this is not relevant -- what would your 

20           response be to that?

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  I would say don't 

22           tell me what's relevant and what's not.

23                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  So why do you 

24           think, then, it should be up to the 


                                                                   171

 1           prosecutors to tell the defense counsel what 

 2           it is is relevant as it relates to discovery?

 3                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Well, I think 

 4           there's certain ways you could do it, but 

 5           that's why it's back up to you to look at it.  

 6           It could be an independent eye.  They could 

 7           be coming in front of the judge and determine 

 8           what's relevant or not.

 9                  What we don't want to do is what we're 

10           seeing with what the prosecutors have shared 

11           with us.  If you have everyone's -- for 

12           example, everyone's body-worn camera, a 

13           person who never even got out of the scene, 

14           he was in a car all the time, and you didn't 

15           get that body-worn camera and all of a sudden 

16           the charge is dismissed because of that, that 

17           is what I believe they're talking about.

18                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Well, that is a 

19           very good point that you make, because the 

20           body-worn camera footage is in the possession 

21           of the police department.  And so do you 

22           think that the police department has any 

23           accountability here to some of these 

24           dismissals that people have been talking 


                                                                   172

 1           about?

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Without a doubt.  

 3           Everyone has accountability here.  And I 

 4           think that to do a fair analysis of discovery 

 5           based on what the prosecutors are saying, 

 6           based on what they're saying to allow those 

 7           professionals to look and see exactly what we 

 8           need to do, I think that that's what we 

 9           should be using this legislative session to 

10           do so.

11                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  I appreciate 

12           that, and I do believe there will be a 

13           continued dialogue.  But I don't believe that 

14           that conversation can happen in a vacuum 

15           without the police department sort of having 

16           some skin in the game.

17                  And so there's a lot of conversation 

18           also we've been talking about with respect to 

19           City of Yes.  And we want to promote more 

20           building.  But can you talk to me a little 

21           bit about how you would help us with reentry 

22           housing?  A lot of times supportive housing 

23           is always -- it's always like a catch-22 

24           between which one is going to get built.  We 


                                                                   173

 1           do need more supportive housing, but we also 

 2           need more reentry housing for people who are 

 3           transitioning out of Rikers Island and other 

 4           places.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  That's so important.  

 6           You've talked about that for quite some time, 

 7           and we are strong believers in reentry 

 8           housing.  And wherever we could place those 

 9           projects -- and you have been welcoming to 

10           placing projects in your Assembly district.  

11           Far too many people are not welcoming in 

12           doing that.

13                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Please, bring 

14           them on.

15                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Right.  Right.  And 

16           so we -- I agree with you as we look at 

17           supportive housing we have to focus on the 

18           large number of people who have long prison 

19           sentences, they're coming home, they need to 

20           come home to a welcoming platform so they 

21           don't become repeat offenders.

22                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Thank you, 

23           Mr. Mayor.

24                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 


                                                                   174

 1           Assemblywoman.  

 2                  And Mr. Mayor, I want to thank you for 

 3           your testimony today.  

 4                  I guess I'll close it out.  I really 

 5           don't have any pertinent questions, just a 

 6           few comments, and a question may hit me.

 7                  First, to correct a misstatement that 

 8           was made earlier, I know for a fact that more 

 9           than half of the wealth of the State of 

10           New York comes from New York City.  I also 

11           know that more than half of the wealth of 

12           New York City comes from south of 

13           Canal Street.

14                  (Laughter.)

15                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  That's a fact.

16                  Rikers Island, I don't know if 

17           anything in the Governor's budget mentions 

18           that.  I know New York City's in the process 

19           of closing down Rikers and opening community 

20           jails like -- can you just tell me what's 

21           going on with that?

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes.  And, you know, 

23           I said it over and over again and I will 

24           continue to say the plan, Assemblyman, is a 


                                                                   175

 1           flawed plan.  And no one wants to acknowledge 

 2           that.  They all know it's a flawed plan, but 

 3           no one wants to say it publicly.  You cannot 

 4           close down Rikers, build four more jails.  

 5           That is not going to house the current 

 6           population that you have right now.

 7                  Double the price cost to build it.  

 8           We're not dealing with the psychiatric issues 

 9           many of the inmates are experiencing.  We're 

10           building four more smaller than Rikers.  And 

11           we need to be bold enough -- if we're going 

12           to invest $16 billion, we should be bold 

13           enough to address all of the issues we are 

14           facing.

15                  We don't have so much a criminal -- a 

16           crime problem, we have a mental health 

17           problem.  And we need to be focusing on how 

18           do we address that mental health problem.  

19           And this is a great opportunity to do so.  

20           But the law requires, 2027, Rikers has to 

21           close, cannot be used for a jail again.  I 

22           just think we need to go back to the table 

23           and look at how we can do this correctly.  

24           This is a golden opportunity to get it right.


                                                                   176

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 2                  And someone had mentioned migrants.  

 3           What is the city's policy on housing 

 4           migrants, noncitizens, outside of New York 

 5           City?  

 6                  And the reason I'm asking is because I 

 7           represent a district just north of the city, 

 8           and I had a few complaints {inaudible} from 

 9           senior citizens whose landlords refused to 

10           renew their leases because New York City was 

11           offering maybe 60 percent more in rent than 

12           they were currently paying, and the landlord 

13           wanted to increase their rent 60 percent or 

14           not renew the lease because they were going 

15           to house someone from outside of the country.  

16           And that caused a little angst.  

17                  I mentioned it to someone on your 

18           staff.  I didn't get a real good answer.  But 

19           is there a set policy for how you do that?  I 

20           mean, I know you don't want to purposely 

21           create homelessness someplace else, but it 

22           seems that what's been happening -- I don't 

23           know if it happens on Long Island or even up 

24           here, in the Albany area, where I know that 


                                                                   177

 1           migrants were being housed upstate.

 2                  Is there a policy where you try to 

 3           ensure that you do not create homelessness 

 4           for another group of individuals?

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  We took great 

 6           strides, the team took great strides in not 

 7           displacing residents.  We used, for the most 

 8           part, hotels.  And those who moved out of the 

 9           hotels who stay in the areas, they -- we took 

10           great strides to make sure we were not 

11           displacing the residents that were in the 

12           area.

13                  But many people returned to New York 

14           City.  Some people stayed in those 

15           municipalities because they enjoy the 

16           different life of being in those regions.  

17           But we took great strides to not displace 

18           long-term residents.

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  So there is at 

20           least an attempt to do that.  And if 

21           landlords --

22                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yes.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  -- don't tell you 

24           what's really happening, it's just not in 


                                                                   178

 1           your control, you'll do what you have to do.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  And I'm not aware of 

 3           any landlords that are doing that.

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  All right.  And 

 5           this is my last question, it's about floods.

 6                  I was recently driving down the Henry 

 7           Hudson Parkway, and it had just finished 

 8           raining and the water was like lapping up 

 9           onto the highway almost.  It seems that if 

10           the river rises any, we're going to have 

11           serious flooding.  And I know downtown is at 

12           the water table now.

13                  Is there anything in this current 

14           budget that would help you work toward any 

15           flood mitigation for the future?  Because 

16           it's coming.  And New York City's destined to 

17           be -- at least Lower Manhattan's destined to 

18           be underwater I think by 2030 or 2035.  So 

19           the time to start making corrections for that 

20           is now.

21                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Yeah, FDM and her 

22           team under DM Meera Joshi, we have -- we 

23           acknowledge that climate change is real and 

24           it's going to impact our city.  And the 


                                                                   179

 1           billion dollars investment of being a city 

 2           with so much coastal land, we know we have to 

 3           be prepared for that.

 4                  You want to talk about some of those 

 5           things we're doing?

 6                  FIRST DEP. MAYOR TORRES-SPRINGER:  

 7           Sure.  We've been very focused, Assemblyman, 

 8           on making sure that we're doing everything 

 9           that we can on flood prevention.  In our 

10           preliminary capital budget, for instance, 

11           just to name a few of those investments, 

12           almost 300 million to make flood-proofing 

13           upgrades to seven pump stations, mostly in 

14           Queens; another 150 million to construct a 

15           storm sewer system in Harlem; another 

16           100 million for green infrastructure 

17           projects; 300 million to upgrade the sanitary 

18           sewer trunk in Jamaica; and a number of 

19           others.  

20                  So we're very focused on this because 

21           we know that with climate change must also 

22           come the types of investments that protect 

23           neighborhoods, people and entire families.

24                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Well, that 


                                                                   180

 1           concludes this section of this hearing.

 2                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Thank you.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I want to thank 

 4           you, Mr. Mayor, and your staff.

 5                  NYC MAYOR ADAMS:  Good to see you.

 6                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  And we'll move on 

 7           now to the next group, called Panel A. 

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And as the mayor 

 9           leaves, please, everyone who wants to 

10           continue conversations with him, whether 

11           you're legislators or the press, outside in 

12           the hallway, whichever direction he chooses 

13           to go, not here in the room.  

14                  We need to keep this hearing going.

15                  (Off the record.)

16                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay, if 

17           legislators will take their seats or take 

18           their conversations with the leaving mayors 

19           outside.  Assemblymember Jacobson -- you 

20           know, some people just don't follow 

21           instructions.

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblymember 

23           Shimsky, please take a seat.  Mayor Spano, 

24           could you --


                                                                   181

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Take the 

 2           conversations outside.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Welcome, Panel A.

 4                  Before we get started, just for the 

 5           media, could you each just quickly introduce 

 6           yourselves?  And then I don't know what order 

 7           we're going to go.  How about size matters?  

 8           We'll start out with Buffalo and go down to 

 9           Albany.

10                  SENATOR KRUEGER:  Is Buffalo here?

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I don't know.  So 

12           that means we start with Yonkers.  You are 

13           number three now, right?

14                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  (Mic off.)

15                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Your mic's not on, 

16           Mike.  No.  Look for the green -- there you 

17           go.

18                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Okay, gotcha.

19                  Good afternoon, Madam Chair.  Good 

20           afternoon, Mr. Chair.  To our honorable 

21           legislators, it's good to be here today and 

22           I'll try to be quick on my remarks.  I know 

23           that you have my testimony, so I'll leave it 

24           to that.  And again, let me just say a 


                                                                   182

 1           special congratulations to Assemblyman 

 2           Pretlow, my good friend for a very long time, 

 3           on your ascension to this very important 

 4           committee.  

 5                  Really simply, I'm here today to ask 

 6           for additional funding for education.  I know 

 7           that surprises you.  It's something that we 

 8           seem to do every year for the past 14 years.  

 9           And we talk about the school aid formula and 

10           how it effects Yonkers.  And when I talk 

11           about it, sometimes I come across as if I'm 

12           somehow, you know, talking about my 

13           colleagues here that are sitting to my left, 

14           to my right, as people who get everything and 

15           we get nothing.  That's not true.  They get 

16           everything they absolutely should, and more 

17           they should get in terms of aid to education.

18                  I'm here to talk about the plight of 

19           my city and the fact that we need additional 

20           funding for education.  We have been able to 

21           get help from you over the years in terms of 

22           bullet aid and one-shots, and that's been a 

23           big help.  But it's not been really what 

24           we've needed to kind of keep us going.  


                                                                   183

 1                  We asked for a Regional Cost Index, 

 2           and I know that that was something that was 

 3           talked about in the Rockefeller report pretty 

 4           intensively.  And when you talk about this -- 

 5           let me see if I have it right -- this CWIFT, 

 6           whatever it is you guys call it, whatever the 

 7           report called it, if that was allowed to be 

 8           implemented -- and it's not in the Governor's 

 9           budget, but if it was allowed to be 

10           implemented, it would mean $65 million in 

11           additional funding to the City of Yonkers.  

12           That tells you what that cost of living 

13           really means.  And if that doesn't prove the 

14           point, just look at what we did with living 

15           wage.  When we passed a living wage and you 

16           regionalized it in New York State, you said, 

17           you know what, it costs more to live in 

18           Long Island, it costs more to live in 

19           New York City, it costs more to live in 

20           Westchester County.  And that's why the 

21           regionals costs were higher there.  It's why 

22           what we implemented into law was higher in 

23           terms of a living wage.

24                  But while New York State recognizes in  


                                                                   184

 1           school aid formula those same principles as 

 2           it applies to Manhattan -- I'm sorry, to 

 3           New York City and to Long Island, it does not 

 4           apply to Westchester County.  And instead, I 

 5           have a regional cost that looks like cities 

 6           that are 100 miles north of me.

 7                  So it's been an issue, and it's been a 

 8           burden.  The taxpayers of Yonkers pay more 

 9           per pupil to educate a child than my 

10           colleagues sitting next to me, those cities 

11           combined.  And while we do that and while we 

12           continue to raise the maintenance of 

13           effort -- every single year we raise that 

14           maintenance of effort for the -- in the City 

15           of Yonkers.  Because you know what, we will 

16           never let our kids starve.  And we get help 

17           from you, and I appreciate that.  But what we 

18           need is something that is sustainable, that 

19           is predictable, that gives us the dollars 

20           that we need every single year. 

21                  You know, we're graduating our kids at 

22           90 percent.  We have the best graduation rate 

23           of any big city in New York State.  Barack 

24           Obama just proclaimed Yonkers as a model city 


                                                                   185

 1           for educating young Black men -- a model 

 2           city.  Gave us an award, a nationwide award, 

 3           and we're proud of that.  Why?  Because we 

 4           know that we're not like previous 

 5           administrations that you've had to deal with, 

 6           that I had to deal with when I was in the 

 7           Legislature, who said to you, you know what, 

 8           Albany, you fix the problem.  If you can't 

 9           fix the problem, shut the lights off on your 

10           way out because they're your kids, not ours.

11                  No, that's not what the taxpayers of 

12           Yonkers say, nor will they ever say that.  

13           They're our kids.  And we will build on the 

14           successes that we've had.  And we'll continue 

15           to make sure that Yonkers is a place where 

16           our children will have that opportunity at 

17           growth so they can live, they can work in the 

18           community, and they can prosper.

19                  So I'm asking for help.  I'm asking 

20           for more funding.  I'm asking that you take a 

21           look at the regional cost of Yonkers as it 

22           pertains -- or at least in Westchester.  

23           Because there is a glaring -- it's glaring, 

24           it's right there, it says there needs to be 


                                                                   186

 1           more dollars put into this city.

 2                  I have an impossible task of going 

 3           back to the taxpayers every year.  I mean, 

 4           think about that.  Even though we're in 

 5           Westchester County, you know, we're an urban 

 6           center, we are at -- we're still less than 

 7           the state's median income.  And, you know, in 

 8           Yonkers you have -- you know, you have -- 

 9           most of our kids live at or below the rate of 

10           poverty.  

11                  So having all that, and having all of 

12           that to deal with, we still, like I said, are 

13           able to make it work and to have a great 

14           graduation rate and to get acknowledgments.  

15           Your investments in Yonkers have been good, 

16           and we want to make sure that we continue to 

17           see those investments grow and to make a 

18           difference, especially in our kids and our 

19           community.  But it won't happen, like I said, 

20           without your support.

21                  So again, to the Senate and especially 

22           Senator Stewart-Cousins, Senator Shelley 

23           Mayer, that $12 million bullet aid was huge 

24           for us, continues to be huge for us.  We hope 


                                                                   187

 1           that that will continue to be in the budget.  

 2                  We know that the Governor took last 

 3           year's AIM aid, it was a temporary measure, 

 4           and put it back in the budget.  We took that 

 5           entire amount and moved it to the Board of 

 6           Education.  We broke the tax cap and moved it 

 7           to the Board of Education.  And we're still, 

 8           still struggling to make it happen.  

 9                  And so I'm not going to speak on much 

10           else because I know you'll have a lot of 

11           questions.  We can fill in the blanks and 

12           everything else later.  But I'm here to talk 

13           about our need for additional aid to 

14           education, something that is not a one-shot, 

15           something that is real, meaningful, and 

16           something that changes the formula.  Because 

17           every time we fully fund the formula, which 

18           is great -- we have fully funded the formula 

19           except the gap between what this city gets 

20           and what other cities like us get grows 

21           exponentially.  So we might get 18 million, 

22           but other cities get 40 million.  

23                  We have a district that is nearly 

24           exactly the same size as Yonkers -- think 


                                                                   188

 1           about this, nearly the same size in terms of 

 2           enrollment, but a billion dollars is spent on 

 3           education in that community.  Nowhere near a 

 4           billion dollars worth of education dollars 

 5           spent in Yonkers, and a thousand more 

 6           teachers, 1,000 more teachers.  And I 

 7           struggle -- we struggle with, you know, 

 8           music, art, sports, making sure that our kids 

 9           have enough psychologists.  And yes, some 

10           might say we pay our teachers a lot, and we 

11           do.  But they're dealing with an 

12           infrastructure that is falling down around 

13           them, even though we've made significant 

14           impact over the past couple of years.  And 

15           with your help, we're building new schools.

16                  We still have a ways to go, and that's 

17           why I'm asking please look at this Regional 

18           Cost Index and see if there's a way for 

19           Yonkers to get treated more fairly and some 

20           substantive change to the formula.

21                  Thank you.

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:   Who's next?

23                  Don't all just jump in.

24                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:   I guess I'll 


                                                                   189

 1           jump in.  Malik Evans, mayor of Rochester.  

 2           thank you, Chairwoman Krueger and 

 3           Chairman Pretlow.  It's great to be back in 

 4           front of this committee again.

 5                  I'll just start by saying that we're 

 6           witnessing tremendous momentum in Rochester 

 7           with an accelerating pace of positive change 

 8           and each new improvement generating more 

 9           improvements.  But I think it's important to 

10           point out that serious financial challenges 

11           in the years ahead threaten that momentum.  

12           Our most significant financial concerns 

13           include the declining sales tax revenues, 

14           increasing pension and healthcare costs, and 

15           of course the end of ARPA funding.  And 

16           what's more, while we were grateful last year 

17           for the additional $5 million we received 

18           last year in Temporary Municipal Assistance, 

19           Rochester's $88.2 million allotment in AIM 

20           aid continues to be lower per capita than our 

21           peer cities.  And on top of that, the 

22           state-mandated efforts that we spend in 

23           education is also a larger contribution than 

24           our peer cities.  And it's important for me 


                                                                   190

 1           to note that Rochester, if we look at the top 

 2           five poor zip codes in New York State, three 

 3           of them are within the City of Rochester.

 4                  These are the conditions that drive 

 5           most if not all of our most pressing 

 6           challenges, including violent crime, low 

 7           employment, and decreased educational 

 8           outcomes.  And these are conditions that 

 9           require the delivery of extraordinary levels 

10           of critical services, even as we continue to 

11           make strategic investments that attract 

12           private development and fuel Rochester's 

13           growth.  

14                  To confront these challenges and 

15           perpetuate Rochester's forward momentum, we 

16           respectfully ask for the following support.  

17           The biggest one, and I'm sure it's no big 

18           surprise, because every year I have testified 

19           to this:  AIM aid.  First, we are once again 

20           asking for Rochester's fair share of AIM 

21           funding, with a baseline increase of 

22           $32.7 million, which would bring us to parity 

23           with cities like Buffalo.  We're not asking 

24           for more, we're just asking for the exact 


                                                                   191

 1           same amount per capita that every other city 

 2           gets that receives AIM aid.  

 3                  The current disparity significantly 

 4           threatens our ability to provide the critical 

 5           services of our citizens that they depend on 

 6           to repair and replace aging infrastructure 

 7           and to continue the success that we started 

 8           with our ARPA funds, and to keep an estimated 

 9           $20 million increase in pension and 

10           healthcare costs. 

11                  Affordable housing and home ownership 

12           is something that we are also focused on.  

13           New York State is an important partner in our 

14           housing programs, which help residents escape 

15           the cycle of poverty and build generational 

16           wealth and homeownership.  So we seek a small 

17           amount of dollars, only $1.8 million in gap 

18           funding per year for three years for nine 

19           affordable housing projects that we have.  

20                  Also, to create homeownership, which 

21           is the pathway to wealth in our community, 

22           and help to build generational wealth, we're 

23           seeking $11.25 million for three years to 

24           renovate homes in our community to resell 


                                                                   192

 1           them to income-eligible homeowners and to 

 2           help existing homeowners stay in their homes, 

 3           we are seeking $1.9 million a year for three 

 4           years to help with repair costs.

 5                  We have tremendous progress in 

 6           Rochester as it relates to public safety.  

 7           The Gun Involved Violence Elimination aid --  

 8           because of that GIVE aid, gun violence in 

 9           Rochester has declined by 50 percent since 

10           the peak years of the pandemic.  The state 

11           support of the gun violence elimination 

12           program has been critical to that success.  

13           And to continue that progress so that we can 

14           continue to drive down gun crime even lower, 

15           we are seeking $4.2 million in GIVE aid.  

16           That's a $1 million increase over last year.

17                  Lastly, you cannot talk about public 

18           safety without addressing pedestrian safety.  

19           Rochester I believe is the only city outside 

20           of New York City to take on the Vision Zero 

21           initiative to eliminate traffic fatalities 

22           through environmental design, enforcement and 

23           education.  Our ROC Vision Zero is not just a 

24           goal -- it's a commitment to ensure that 


                                                                   193

 1           every individual can move safely throughout 

 2           Rochester.  And to move forward with this 

 3           commitment, we are seeking $18 million for 

 4           projects including advancing our Bicycle 

 5           Spine network, implementing a 25-miles per 

 6           hour city speed limit, and improving 

 7           pedestrian priority zones.

 8                  Transformative construction projects 

 9           is something that we also have a focus on.  

10           Rochester is in the midst of a physical 

11           transformation that emphasizes quality of 

12           life and environmental justice, and chief 

13           among them is our ROC the Riverway waterfront 

14           revitalization program as well as our Inner 

15           Loop North Transformation program.

16                  This progress has already generated 

17           significant private-sector investment, most 

18           notably the decision of Constellation Brands, 

19           a Fortune 500 company, to move its 

20           international headquarters to downtown 

21           Rochester.

22                  But we need to continue to move with 

23           this momentum, so we are seeking funding for 

24           four ROC the Riverway initiative programs -- 


                                                                   194

 1           the rehabilitation of the Vacuum Oil site 

 2           upon full remediation.  That's a site that 

 3           was contaminated by folks that decided to 

 4           contaminate the neighborhood -- then, after 

 5           they got all the value, they decided to move.  

 6           This is a $35 million project to restore the 

 7           shore.  It occupies 15 acres along 4,000 

 8           linear feet of waterfront property at our 

 9           Genesee River.

10                  We're also looking for funding for our 

11           convention center and also our Blue Cross 

12           Arena, where our AHL Rochester Amerks play.

13                  But lastly I want to end by talking 

14           about our Inner Loop transformation project.  

15           The notorious power broker Robert Moses once 

16           said "To operate in an overbuilt metropolis, 

17           sometimes you have to hack your way with a 

18           meat axe."  And I think that this quote 

19           perfectly illustrates the urban renewal 

20           mindset that prompted the removal of hundreds 

21           of homes, churches and businesses in Black 

22           and brown neighborhoods in Rochester with the 

23           Inner Loop Expressway.  It's much easier to 

24           aim your meat axe at those with no voice.  


                                                                   195

 1                  The Inner Loop transformation project 

 2           will restore these neighborhoods with 

 3           thriving commercial districts, green space 

 4           and housing, delivering much-needed 

 5           environmental justice.  We still believe in 

 6           environmental justice in Rochester, no matter 

 7           what they say at the federal level.

 8                  With a footprint more than three times 

 9           the size of the Inner Loop East project, 

10           which now serves as a national model for 

11           reconnecting neighborhoods and generating new 

12           investments, the Inner Loop North project has 

13           the potential to surpass that success by 

14           orders of magnitude.

15                  So we are seeking an additional 

16           $125 million for new construction costs and 

17           new elements identified in the scoping.

18                  And as I said, witnessing -- as we 

19           continue to witness this tremendous momentum 

20           in Rochester, Monroe County, as a result of 

21           our strategic investments in valuable 

22           partnerships.  I continue to ask for your 

23           support.  As fellow public servants, I urge 

24           you to support these investments and join the 


                                                                   196

 1           "We, Not Me" partnerships that are once again 

 2           turning Rochester into an economic driver for 

 3           the entire State of New York.

 4                  I thank you for your time, and I 

 5           welcome any questions that you may have.

 6                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 

 7           Mr. Mayor.

 8                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Good 

 9           afternoon, everyone.  I would like to thank 

10           the New York State Legislature for the 

11           opportunity to testify before the Joint 

12           Legislative Budget Committee today.  

13                  To Senate Finance Chair Liz Krueger, 

14           Assembly Ways and Means Chair Gary Pretlow, 

15           Senate Local Government Chair Monica Martinez 

16           and Assembly Local Government Chair Billy 

17           Jones, and the rest of the committee members, 

18           I thank you and I'm honored to be here today 

19           in front of you as the mayor of the City of 

20           Buffalo on behalf of our residents.

21                  I also want to take a moment to 

22           acknowledge and thank the Western New York 

23           delegation -- in particular, Assembly 

24           Majority Leader Crystal Peoples-Stokes -- for 


                                                                   197

 1           the work they do on a daily basis championing 

 2           and advocating for the residents of the City 

 3           of Buffalo.

 4                  I want to applaud the Governor's focus 

 5           on the quality of life issues in her 

 6           Executive Budget proposal, and am thrilled to 

 7           see her commitment to issues such as economic 

 8           development, mental health issues, education 

 9           and affordability, as well as her strong 

10           focus on public safety, an issue that impacts 

11           negatively all the cities that are sitting up 

12           here today.

13                  I have been mayor for just a little 

14           over a hundred days, but spent 13 years in 

15           city government as a councilmember, council 

16           president, and now as mayor.  And I know the 

17           challenges facing the City of Buffalo well.  

18           But I'm not here today with my hand extended 

19           looking for a handout -- I have my hand 

20           extended looking for partners.  I'm not here 

21           today looking for New York State to rectify 

22           the issues that Buffalo faces -- I'm looking 

23           for New York State to provide the City of 

24           Buffalo the tools to rectify them ourselves.


                                                                   198

 1                  And although I'm very happy to see the 

 2           aforementioned issues being addressed within 

 3           the Governor's proposal, Buffalo's needs 

 4           extend well beyond what is being allocated.  

 5           And I'd like to touch on some of those issues 

 6           that were included in my expanded written 

 7           testimony.

 8                  First and foremost, the City of 

 9           Buffalo seeks to authorize the creation of 

10           the Buffalo parking and mobility authority to 

11           transfer ownership of four City of 

12           Buffalo-owned-and-operated parking lots to 

13           the authority, who can generate revenue and 

14           invest in the capital needs of those parking 

15           ramps while relieving the City of Buffalo of 

16           those responsibilities and generating income 

17           through a City of Buffalo and authority 

18           ownership contract.  

19                  The City of Buffalo also seeks to 

20           impose a 3 percent occupancy tax, also known 

21           as a hotel or bed tax, paid for by travelers 

22           staying in Buffalo who utilize our 

23           infrastructure, our amenities, police and 

24           fire services.  And the proceeds of those tax 


                                                                   199

 1           revenues would be reinvested in our tourism 

 2           and cultural assets to make Buffalo more 

 3           appealing to future tourism.

 4                  While Buffalo has benefited from the 

 5           recent temporary assistance to 

 6           municipalities, last year's $5 million 

 7           increase, what we respectfully request is an 

 8           increase to AIM in general, and for it to be 

 9           linked to an inflationary index.

10                  Prior to last year's temporary 

11           increase, as we all know the AIM has not 

12           increased since 2012.  During that same 

13           period of time, the City of Buffalo's fixed 

14           costs have increased by $130 million during 

15           that same time period.

16                  When we talk about capital needs, the 

17           City of Buffalo is seeking to build a new 

18           Department of Public Works campus and 

19           resiliency center.  Our current facility was 

20           constructed in 1858.  It is undersized and 

21           inefficient.  The physical conditions of the 

22           facility pose a great risk to the safety of 

23           the employees.  A new consolidated location 

24           would provide an efficient location for our 


                                                                   200

 1           snow plowing, our sanitation services, paving 

 2           services, construction services, et cetera, 

 3           and reduce the maintenance and energy and 

 4           training costs associated now, while 

 5           maximizing productivity and efficiencies.

 6                  And the sale will be 10 separate 

 7           assets that currently house those operations 

 8           in different components.  It would bring 

 9           revenue into the city as well as to put those 

10           properties back on the tax rolls.

11                  As I mentioned, the City of Buffalo is 

12           not here today to ask for just a handout, we 

13           are doing things to address our structural 

14           budget issues internally as well.  I've 

15           requested my departments to come back with a 

16           10 percent reduction in their operating 

17           budgets, which were due just two days ago, 

18           and that would result in a savings of nearly 

19           $30 million.

20                  I've also taken a proactive approach 

21           to revenue generation, and that will lead to 

22           a reasonable increase in our property taxes 

23           next year.

24                  Again, I want to thank you all for 


                                                                   201

 1           letting me testify today.  I look forward to 

 2           any questions you may have.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 

 4           Mr. Mayor.

 5                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Good afternoon.  

 6           Thank you, Chairpersons Krueger and Pretlow, 

 7           for the opportunity to discuss the issues 

 8           pertaining to the City of Albany.  And 

 9           congratulations, Chairperson Pretlow, on your 

10           being named the new chair of Ways and Means.

11                  I want to thank the Senate Finance 

12           Committee, the Assembly Ways and Means 

13           Committee, our Capital Region delegation, 

14           including Senator Fahy, Assemblymember Romero 

15           and Assemblymember McDonald, who worked very 

16           closely with me and our former, now-retired 

17           Senator Neil Breslin.

18                  We have now seen the Capital City 

19           Funding for the City of Albany for the past 

20           eight years, thanks to the cooperation, the 

21           partnership that we've been able to have with 

22           the Assembly, with the Senate.  And for the 

23           fourth year in a row, the current Governor 

24           has placed Capital City Funding directly in 


                                                                   202

 1           her budget and has made a commitment to 

 2           making it permanent.

 3                  And so I want to talk about what that 

 4           looks like.  We have proposed an amendment to 

 5           Section 19-A.  As you know, where we sit now 

 6           used to be a neighborhood.  This was 90 acres 

 7           of homes, churches, schools; 9500 people 

 8           lived here, many of them people of color.  

 9           And when this property was taken by eminent 

10           domain and those houses and schools and 

11           churches and businesses were torn down, it 

12           really changed the face of the city.  

13                  And this complex was built.  It is an 

14           incredible piece of architecture, it is 

15           spectacular, but it also does not integrate 

16           with our street grid and has really been an 

17           impediment for a lot of our businesses.  And 

18           so it has created challenges.

19                  And so in looking at the payments that 

20           are coming to the city through 19-A, it's 

21           time to make those permanent.  And we are 

22           asking that there be an annual increase that 

23           would be in keeping with the tax cap.  So if 

24           the tax cap, whatever the amount of the tax 


                                                                   203

 1           cap increases, that would be the amount that 

 2           our AIM aid would -- not our AIM aid, our 

 3           pilot payment would be.

 4                  And so I think that we have 

 5           demonstrated that we have been excellent 

 6           stewards of our taxpayer dollars.  We have 

 7           balanced our budget every year.  We went from 

 8           a structural deficit and no rainy day fund to 

 9           building back up our rainy day fund, and 

10           working to ensure that we're providing 

11           excellent services to those who live here and 

12           visit here, including those who call Albany 

13           home for half of the year.

14                  And one of the challenges that that, 

15           though, does create, is the large amount of 

16           tax-exempt property that exists in the City 

17           of Albany.  And so you've heard me plead the 

18           case.  You've certainly listened and 

19           responded.  And so I want to say thank you.  

20           And I would love to see, in this my final 

21           year as mayor, for that to be made permanent 

22           so the next mayor can come and ask you for 

23           something else.  But -- so there is proposed 

24           legislation, and that is included in my 


                                                                   204

 1           presentation.  

 2                  The second thing that I want to talk 

 3           about, though, is the changing face of our 

 4           downtown.  As we all know, the pandemic had a 

 5           tremendous impact on downtowns all across the 

 6           state.  This is the corporate headquarters 

 7           for New York State government.  You are our 

 8           largest employer.  And so as we continue to 

 9           see now, multiple years out from the 

10           pandemic, that hybrid work arrangements 

11           continue, where on any given day only about 

12           half of the people who work downtown are 

13           actually sitting at their desks, it is time 

14           for us to reimagine our downtown.

15                  We have been working with the 

16           Governor's office and with Empire State 

17           Development to talk about the opportunities 

18           for downtown and the things that we need to 

19           be doing in order to create more vitality and 

20           bring more people into our downtown.  The 

21           Governor has announced a commitment to spend 

22           $400 million, 200 million that the state 

23           would control in this state complex, 

24           including a significant improvement to the 


                                                                   205

 1           New York State Museum, really making it the 

 2           world-class, top-notch attraction that it 

 3           should be.  We are the Empire State.

 4                  And then also focusing $200 million on 

 5           investments in our downtown within a mile of 

 6           this complex.  The city has control, through 

 7           our economic development agency, of a 

 8           nine-acre parcel that is now ready for 

 9           redevelopment, and this provides an excellent 

10           opportunity for us to do the things that 

11           New York State needs to do -- build more 

12           housing, create world-class attractions, and 

13           ensure that we are doing all that we can to 

14           keep our downtowns vibrant.

15                  As the capital of this region, this is 

16           the center for the region.  And so as goes 

17           the City of Albany, so goes the region.  And 

18           we have so much amazing investment that is 

19           happening both at UAlbany, across the river 

20           at RPI, up at Global Foundries, and even the 

21           investments that are being made in Syracuse.  

22           I gave my State of the City last week, and I 

23           was talking about the Micron investment in 

24           Syracuse.  Because our residents need to 


                                                                   206

 1           understand that we're talking about an entire 

 2           supply chain and jobs that will impact all of 

 3           upstate New York.

 4                  And so I'm hopeful that you will be 

 5           supportive of the investment that the 

 6           Governor is proposing, that you'll be 

 7           supportive of the state and her 

 8           administration being able to oversee and 

 9           control the renovations of the museum.  It's 

10           been a promise that has been made year after 

11           year after year, and our residents of the 

12           City of Albany have been waiting for that 

13           promise to be delivered.  And so we need to 

14           ensure that that renovation goes forward.

15                  And I think the final thing that I 

16           want to stress is that as we look at AIM, it 

17           is important, not only for the cities that 

18           are sitting here but for all of the 

19           municipalities that get AIM funding, to have 

20           some ability to see the amount of our AIM 

21           increase year after year.  We know costs go 

22           up every year.  We are doing everything that 

23           we can to be as effective and efficient as 

24           possible.  And we did see some relief as we 


                                                                   207

 1           were coming out of the pandemic with some of 

 2           the other funding sources that were 

 3           available.  

 4                  But let's face it.  We know that those 

 5           funding sources are not going to be there for 

 6           us, at least for the next few years.  You 

 7           know, we rely tremendously and we've all been 

 8           successful in accessing grants for some of 

 9           the things that we're looking to do around 

10           traffic safety, around a lot of these 

11           initiatives.  But, you know, we know that 

12           that's not going to be there for us 

13           necessarily over the next four years.

14                  And so it's important that as we look 

15           to our workforces and as we look at the 

16           demands on our city and the demands for 

17           resources, that we have an understanding that 

18           we are going to see that AIM -- just as 

19           school aid goes up every year, to see that 

20           incremental increase in AIM each year.

21                  Again, I want to thank you for 

22           increasing AIM last year.  We're grateful for 

23           the Governor to be continuing that in the 

24           budget.  And we'd like to see that created in 


                                                                   208

 1           a way that allows us, as we create our 

 2           budgets often in an off-cycle from the state, 

 3           that we're able to ensure and know that that 

 4           funding is going to be there.  It's going 

 5           directly into our communities.  It's going 

 6           directly into our police departments, our 

 7           fire departments, filling potholes, being 

 8           able to plan to repave streets.  And so it's 

 9           a critically important investment that you're 

10           making.  And it's our residents' taxpayer 

11           dollars that are coming back to our 

12           community.  And believe me, we tell them 

13           that, we want to be able to tout what you're 

14           able to provide back in your communities that 

15           you represent.

16                  Thank you.

17                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 

18           Madam Mayor.

19                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Good afternoon.  

20           Thank you, Chair Pretlow, Chair Krueger, and 

21           members of the legislative fiscal committee.

22                  Three weeks ago I delivered my 2025 

23           State of the City address.  In my eighth and 

24           final speech, I invoked the words of the 


                                                                   209

 1           Athenian Oath in reporting Syracuse is "not 

 2           only not less, but greater, better and more 

 3           beautiful than it was transmitted to us."  

 4           The progress is the result of an ambitious 

 5           agenda established at the start of our 

 6           administration:  Syracuse will be a growing 

 7           city that embraces diversity and creates 

 8           opportunity for all.

 9                  We believed a relentless focus on that 

10           vision would position Syracuse for a 

11           resurgence, and it has.  That was the purpose 

12           of the Syracuse Surge, our strategy for 

13           inclusive growth in the new economy, and 

14           Syracuse Build, our nationally recognized 

15           construction careers training program.  It 

16           also inspired the Resurgent Neighborhoods 

17           Initiative, our cooperative comprehensive 

18           housing and community revitalization plan.

19                  None of these successes would have 

20           happened without the support of this 

21           Legislature.  You invested in them all.  I am 

22           particularly appreciative of our local 

23           delegation, Assemblyman Bill Magnarelli, 

24           Assemblywoman Pam Hunter, Assemblyman Al 


                                                                   210

 1           Stirpe, Senator Rachel May -- who I see here, 

 2           hi, Senator -- and our new Senator Chris 

 3           Ryan, who's also here.  Congrats again, 

 4           Senator Ryan.

 5                  With CHIPS and Science Act and Green 

 6           CHIPS funding locked in for the $100 billion 

 7           Micron project, which Mayor Sheehan 

 8           mentioned, we see continued state partnership 

 9           for a new series of catalytic investments in 

10           jobs, housing and infrastructure to ensure 

11           the massive chip fab brings maximum benefit 

12           to the City of Syracuse.  Like local 

13           governments across New York, we also seek the 

14           state's help in building the city's own 

15           fiscal stability.  Capitalizing on New York's 

16           semiconductor moment is essential to reduce 

17           the unacceptably high poverty rate in 

18           Syracuse, which as you heard is shared by my 

19           colleagues in their communities as well.  

20           We've made steady progress in recent years, 

21           but we need to do more.  We must do more.

22                  I thank Governor Hochul for proposing 

23           an expansion of the child tax credit, and I 

24           urge the Legislature to enact this proposal.  


                                                                   211

 1           In jobs and opportunity, the city will focus 

 2           on spurring new private investment within 

 3           neighborhood business corridors in commercial 

 4           districts.  We will connect economically 

 5           distressed areas to workforce training and 

 6           employment centers.

 7                  In the area of affordable housing, I 

 8           have reported to the fiscal committees in 

 9           prior years on our Syracuse Housing Strategy, 

10           an innovative multiyear plan to revitalize 

11           the city's aging housing stock.  New funds 

12           requested for this project will assist 

13           homeowners who currently do not qualify for 

14           existing funding sources due to eligibility 

15           restrictions.

16                  Regarding public infrastructure, the 

17           state has and continues to be our essential 

18           partner in maintaining and upgrading our 

19           roads, sewers and water systems.  We will 

20           deploy additional state support to complete 

21           strategic infrastructure upgrades to support 

22           new commercial and mixed-use development in 

23           each quadrant of the city.

24                  I'd be remiss if I didn't also 


                                                                   212

 1           acknowledge your role in supporting the 

 2           Interstate 81 project, which I advocated for 

 3           in front of you for many years.  That 

 4           $2.25 billion project is now well underway.  

 5                  With state help, we will also continue 

 6           to reduce the levels of lead in our drinking 

 7           water.

 8                  Regarding fiscal sustainability, I'm 

 9           pleased to report that all major indicators 

10           of financial health show Syracuse is stronger 

11           today than when I took office.  In 2019, 

12           Moody's and S&P upgraded the city's fiscal 

13           outlook from negative to stable, and in 2022 

14           S&P upgraded our credit rating from A to A+.  

15                  The reality is, though, we are still 

16           facing a structural deficit, and to balance 

17           the budget we will likely have to draw on our 

18           reserves again this year.  As long as we are 

19           in that position, we haven't achieved fiscal 

20           sustainability.

21                  We continue to implement new sources 

22           of local revenue.  We are also grateful to 

23           Governor Hochul and the Legislature for 

24           authorizing temporary municipal assistance in 


                                                                   213

 1           last year's budget, as my colleagues alluded 

 2           to.  I'm pleased the temporary aid is again 

 3           in the Executive Budget.  I urge the 

 4           Legislature to go the next step and 

 5           permanently adjust AIM aid more in keeping 

 6           with the actual costs New York's 

 7           municipalities face.

 8                  I would also like to address the 

 9           current uncertainty regarding federal funding 

10           facing state and local governments.  I join 

11           with my fellow mayors in expressing deep 

12           concern about recent federal actions to 

13           impose a broad freeze on federal funding for 

14           grants, loans and other essential programs.  

15           As stated by the New York Conference of 

16           Mayors, any interruptions to funding streams 

17           that support daily city operations -- and, of 

18           particular concern, our most vulnerable 

19           residents -- would have a devastating impact 

20           on Syracuse.

21                  In closing, this is my last appearance 

22           before the joint fiscal committees, and I 

23           have been honored to appear at these 

24           hearings.  I reiterate my appreciation to the 


                                                                   214

 1           Syracuse delegation and the full Legislature 

 2           for your steadfast backing.  Thank you all.

 3                  SENATOR KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

 4                  On behalf of the Assembly, we're going 

 5           to start with Assembly Chair Burke, 

 6           10 minutes.

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you, 

 8           Madam Chair.  

 9                  Thank you all for being here.  As the 

10           new chair of Cities, I look forward to 

11           getting to know you all and seeing how I can 

12           use this role to benefit your communities.

13                  Looking at -- I haven't had the 

14           opportunity to fully explore all of your 

15           budgets, but understanding that at least some 

16           of you are operating at a structural deficit, 

17           seeing that municipalities had a flood of 

18           cash from ARP dollars, I'm curious to know 

19           not just where we are now, but where we are 

20           two, three, four years from now -- how we're 

21           going to make sure we're operating 

22           effectively and frankly not just coming to 

23           the State of New York.  We can't print money 

24           like the federal government, so we don't know 


                                                                   215

 1           what the next four years are going to look 

 2           like.  I'm guessing, judging by the last 

 3           month, pretty chaotic.

 4                  So just want to hear your perspective 

 5           briefly if you're operating at -- you know, 

 6           at a deficit, how you plan to close that.  

 7           Certainly obviously you're here to ask for 

 8           state help.  But more -- you know, what is 

 9           your plan?  If you want to start with 

10           Acting Mayor Scanlon.

11                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Thank you, 

12           Assemblymember Burke.  I appreciate the 

13           question.

14                  Like many of the other cities, we are 

15           in structural deficit within our budget.  But 

16           again, as I mentioned during my testimony, 

17           that we are taking steps to address it 

18           internally first before coming to the State 

19           of New York and asking for help.

20                  I've instructed my departments to come 

21           back with a 10 percent reduction within their 

22           departments' spending, and that was due just 

23           a couple of days ago.  We'll get back to you 

24           with that when I get back in town in Buffalo.


                                                                   216

 1                  Also the fact that the City of 

 2           Buffalo's tax rate is the second-lowest 

 3           across the state has to be addressed.  For 

 4           years our tax levy did not grow.  Between the 

 5           years 2007 and 2020, there was virtually no 

 6           tax levy growth, the strategy of not 

 7           increasing taxes.  And so we're woefully 

 8           behind on our property tax and what we can 

 9           bring in.

10                  So we're going to address that, to do 

11           reasonable property tax increases in the 

12           future.  But also within the City of Buffalo 

13           our issue is not one of spending.  Our budget 

14           is not out of whack because of our 

15           expenditures; it's more of a revenue issue.  

16           You know, when we talked about our property 

17           taxes, everyone at the table has talked about 

18           AIM and the need for an increase in AIM.

19                  But the other thing, we are very much 

20           at a disadvantage, compared to some of the 

21           other cities, with our sales tax sharing 

22           agreement with Erie County.  We receive 

23           somewhere around 11 percent of that -- the 

24           county's taxes, where some of the other 


                                                                   217

 1           upstate cities receive 20, 25, 30 percent of 

 2           their county's sales tax.  So we're at a 

 3           major disadvantage there.

 4                  Inflation is at 28 percent over the 

 5           last 10 years.  Our revenues have only 

 6           increased 14 percent.  So we have a revenue 

 7           issue.  So we're looking, again -- while we 

 8           hold spending and reduce spending a little 

 9           bit, we need to bring more revenues into the 

10           fold.  And again, we're going to do that 

11           through our property taxes and hopefully we 

12           can negotiate a new sales tax agreement with 

13           our county.  And then, again, we'd love to 

14           see an increase in AIM attached to some sort 

15           of increase on a yearly basis.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Is that 10 percent 

17           across the board?  Is every department, 

18           police and fire, are they all going to take a 

19           10 percent haircut?

20                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  We asked them 

21           to come back -- to go through the exercise of 

22           looking at the 10 percent reduction.  Police 

23           probably we wouldn't be able to do that.  I 

24           think the police is 96.5 percent fixed costs.  


                                                                   218

 1           I do want to look at where they're spending 

 2           money.

 3                  But again, if we can -- if we can get 

 4           to 10 percent across the board, as a whole 

 5           we're talking somewhere around 25 or 

 6           30 million dollars.

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  That's a lot of 

 8           overtime, right?  That's where a lot of that 

 9           money's coming from.

10                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Correct.  

11           Police, fire overtime, we have a new police 

12           commissioner, going to get some ideas on how 

13           to reduce some of the police overtime.  And 

14           we've had conversations with our fire 

15           commissioner as well on how to address that.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Good, thank you.

17                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  I would just 

18           say in Rochester we --

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  No, no, no.

20                  SENATOR KRUEGER:  Oh, sorry.  What?

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  No, we -- when we 

22           say thank you, that means you're done.  So --

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  I was done with 

24           him.


                                                                   219

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  That's a code word.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  We're going down 

 3           the line.

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.

 5                  SENATOR KRUEGER:  You've got your 10 

 6           minutes, that's it.  Thank you.

 7                  I want to announce that we have been 

 8           joined by Senator Shelley Mayer, Senator 

 9           Brouk, Senator May, Senator Fahy.  

10                  But our first questioner is our chair 

11           and our new Senator, Chris Ryan.

12                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Thank you, 

13           Madam Chair.  

14                  And thank you for being here for the 

15           testimony.  We appreciate your time.  

16                  And I'll echo Chairman Burke, looking 

17           forward to working with you in the Cities 2 

18           Committee.  So some good times, good months 

19           ahead, a good working relationship.  

20                  And thank you, I would be remiss if I 

21           didn't recognize Mayor Walsh.  Thank you for 

22           your service.  I didn't know the -- I wish I 

23           knew the steadfast Ben before; we would have 

24           been saying that for eight years.  So we like 


                                                                   220

 1           you.

 2                  I want to talk about three things.  

 3           Number one, housing; then touch a little bit 

 4           on concentrated childhood poverty and a 

 5           little bit of public safety.  

 6                  So I think last year the panel voiced 

 7           the need for mixed-income rental housing 

 8           developments to help combat the high levels 

 9           of concentrated poverty.  The $50 million 

10           capital funding is going to be a revolving 

11           loan fund.  Do you anticipate that being 

12           impactful?  And the second part to that 

13           question is, is that enough?

14                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  I can start.

15                  Thank you, Senator.  As you know, we 

16           have been working very hard on our housing 

17           strategy with a specific focus on our -- what 

18           we describe as our middle neighborhoods.  

19           There are a lot of tools in the housing 

20           toolkit for low-income affordable housing, 

21           and that's critically important.  And we take 

22           advantage of those tools.  But we have many 

23           neighborhoods in the City of Syracuse that 

24           have older housing stock, that have 


                                                                   221

 1           working-class people with a good percentage 

 2           of owner-occupants that simply either can't 

 3           afford to make the necessary improvements to 

 4           their homes or are unwilling to because 

 5           they're not confident that the market will 

 6           return that investment back to them.

 7                  We feel while the state has taken 

 8           modest steps towards acknowledging the need 

 9           for support of these households, that that's 

10           an area where we would like to see 

11           significantly more investment from the state 

12           in supporting homeowners who, again, are 

13           trying to maintain their homes and keep up 

14           with the market, but also as well on the 

15           rental market, in ensuring that all of our 

16           rental housing projects are mixed-income 

17           projects.  We don't want exclusively 

18           low-income, we don't want exclusively luxury.  

19           We want a mix of incomes.  And again, that we 

20           don't quite have the right tools in the 

21           toolkit, so that's something we would like to 

22           continue to work with you all on.

23                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  If I could add, 

24           in the City of Albany our Common Council 


                                                                   222

 1           passed an amendment to our inclusionary 

 2           zoning.  We used to require that all new 

 3           market-rate apartments that were built, that 

 4           5 percent be set aside as affordable.  They 

 5           changed that.  They increased the percentage 

 6           that have to be set aside, and they decreased 

 7           the -- they have to be affordable to people 

 8           at 60 percent of area median income.

 9                  Since then we've had virtually no 

10           market-rate housing built in the City of 

11           Albany.  I had cautioned the council against 

12           it, I told them that this was not the right 

13           way to approach it, and that we really needed 

14           to work with the state to figure out how can 

15           we create that tax incentive, right?  

16                  If somebody builds housing now that's 

17           affordable to people at 60 percent of area 

18           median income, you're looking at a project 

19           that gets tax credits, whether it's LIHTC or 

20           the 4 percent.  And so figuring out how do we 

21           provide those incentives within market-rate 

22           housing.  Because the biggest risk to the 

23           City of Albany right now, quite candidly, is 

24           for two years I've had no new significant 


                                                                   223

 1           projects proposed to create market-rate 

 2           housing.  

 3                  We do need housing for people who make 

 4           50, 60, 70, 80 thousand dollars a year, and 

 5           it's not being built.  The only thing that's 

 6           being built right now in the City of Albany 

 7           are low-income tax credit housing, which 

 8           is -- you know, we need that, we need to 

 9           continue to build it.  But it would be 

10           wonderful to figure out a formula that allows 

11           for tax credits in a market-rate -- otherwise 

12           market-rate apartment.  

13                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Thank you.  And I 

14           look forward to -- we'll follow up on that as 

15           well.  

16                  The second question is regarding 

17           public safety.  I know that, you know, prior 

18           to state government, in county government we 

19           struggled with staffing shortages.  And I 

20           think that is also clearly evident in our 

21           public safety.  My predecessor had a bill 

22           that I'm trying to advance which would raise 

23           the threshold with retirees from 35 -- I want 

24           to raise that.  So I guess to you 


                                                                   224

 1           specifically, I'll ask Mayor Evans, is that 

 2           something that you think would be a good 

 3           bill?  Could we support that?  And would 

 4           there be some cost savings?

 5                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Yeah, I  

 6           absolutely would support that because that 

 7           allows you to make sure that you maintain 

 8           talent while at the same time making those 

 9           that may have been retired and want to come 

10           back in and help out and alleviate some of 

11           the stress on the system, it gives them a 

12           greater incentive to want to be able to do 

13           that.

14                  But I think 35,000 is way too low.  It 

15           should at least be 50, 55,000 in order to 

16           really attract and for it to make sense for 

17           retirees to come back and relieve the system.

18                  There's a staffing crisis in -- I 

19           believe in most cities.  And if we can -- 

20           could do that, I think that that change would 

21           help out a lot of different areas across 

22           departments in our cities.

23                  (Pause; reaction from dais.)

24                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Real quick, I 


                                                                   225

 1           perked up on that one because I really wanted 

 2           to be a part of that question.  That is 

 3           great, that idea.  Because when you think 

 4           about -- and the Governor was very helpful 

 5           with us in giving us some additional funding 

 6           that allowed us to help curb some gun 

 7           violence.  I want to say thank you to 

 8           Governor Hochul on this budget, which I 

 9           didn't say before but I'll say now, stick it 

10           in there real quick.

11                  But that number should be as high as 

12           70,000.  I lose cops every day that are 

13           going -- they're retiring, and they're 

14           42 years old and 43 years old.  

15                  Frankly, guys, the -- with no 

16           disrespect -- the best cops that you have are 

17           the 40- and 50-something-year-old cops, 

18           because, you know, they're not the young kids 

19           anymore, they're usually married, they 

20           usually have kids, they're somewhat secure.  

21           And to have them leave and go off is just -- 

22           just doesn't work for our city and does a 

23           disservice.  

24                  But I think that if we said, hey, you 


                                                                   226

 1           know what, you can retire, but we need you 

 2           back sometimes.  We need you back in case of 

 3           a crisis.  We need you back for parades or 

 4           different events or if we know that there's 

 5           going to be some type of, you know, mass type 

 6           of demonstration or something, to have good 

 7           officers like that, right -- seasoned, smart, 

 8           and are willing to come back and be a part -- 

 9           is good for our city.

10                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Thank you.

11                  Last question.  So we talked a lot -- 

12           I mean, obviously there's unfortunately 

13           childhood poverty, a concentration of 

14           childhood poverty.  The question is -- I 

15           don't know who wants to take it, but it's a 

16           little bit of a difficult question.  So the 

17           Governor has initiated or wants to have a 

18           $300 or $500 check, which could be up to 

19           $3 billion.  

20                  Do you -- does anybody want to answer 

21           the question that they think that that money 

22           might be better served combating childhood 

23           poverty and concentrated poverty in our 

24           cities than rebate checks?


                                                                   227

 1                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  I mean, it's a 

 2           start.  And childhood poverty is big, 

 3           especially in the urban centers.  We need 

 4           more support.  I mean, I'm sure each and 

 5           every one of us sitting here was scared to 

 6           death by the potential of federal cuts that 

 7           were laid on us, potentially, that thank God 

 8           were pulled.  But for Yonkers, just so you 

 9           know, that number was $100 million.  It 

10           affected breakfast and -- school breakfast 

11           programs, lunch programs.  This would have 

12           been an enormous shot at the -- at our kids 

13           in our attempt to try and give our kids a 

14           better life.

15                  So, you know, the more we can put in, 

16           the better I think we'll be in terms of 

17           trying to create a better life for every --

18                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Well, I think 

19           too, with my last minute here too, you know, 

20           with the potential, we've already seen 

21           federal funding cut.  We had some -- you 

22           know, we -- in the City of Syracuse refugee 

23           resettlement program, we do a lot of that.  

24           It's a great program.  We've already seen 


                                                                   228

 1           where some of that is -- the money has gone.  

 2           And we have already placed people, 

 3           specifically 90.  Ninety are here and -- you 

 4           know, they're here, living.  They're not able 

 5           to afford food.  They have to pay rent.  So 

 6           now the landlord is going to be short.  So, 

 7           you know, we don't want to get into -- out 

 8           ahead of it, right, get over our skis because 

 9           we don't know what's going to happen.  But 

10           certainly it's -- we have to be mindful of 

11           it.  And as that goes, it's going to be 

12           impactful, really impactful.  And we're going 

13           to have a difficult time.

14                  Thank you.

15                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  I made a slight 

16           error earlier, and I took away time from 

17           Assemblyman Jones.  So -- I mean, to Burke.  

18           Timekeeper, could you put 7 minutes back on 

19           the clock?

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you, 

21           Mr. Chair.  I won't say thank you at the end, 

22           just to make sure.

23                  So if we want to just continue that 

24           conversation of, okay, the federal government 


                                                                   229

 1           is --

 2                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  I remember the 

 3           question.  Do you want to start or --

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Well, I'll just 

 5           preface it.  The federal government's 

 6           unstable, you know, the State of New York 

 7           can't print money.  We're seeing a lot of 

 8           local municipalities operating in structural 

 9           deficits.  What is your plan not just today, 

10           not just to -- obviously to come here and ask 

11           for increased AIM, which is a pretty constant 

12           discussion.  But what is your long-term plan 

13           to get out of that structural deficit?

14                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Yeah, I mean, 

15           one of the things that I've said in Rochester 

16           is the cavalry isn't going to come in and 

17           save us.  We hope to partner with Albany and 

18           that Albany will be able to help us.  But we 

19           knew that these ARPA dollars were just a 

20           sugar high and they were not going to last 

21           forever.

22                  So we did not allocate those dollars 

23           to ongoing operating expenses.  We felt that 

24           that would be foolhardy, so we did not do 


                                                                   230

 1           that.  So while we still have challenges, 

 2           yes, we're in a better position, but we are 

 3           still in need of increases in AIM aid.  If we 

 4           don't get that, we have prioritized one, two, 

 5           three, what things we would be able to do.

 6                  And we put things in three buckets:  

 7           Things that we must do -- you've got to make 

 8           sure you have clean water -- things that are 

 9           nice to do -- yeah, we would like to have a 

10           pickleball court, but that might not be the 

11           number-one priority -- and things that we 

12           just cannot and no longer do.  And by doing 

13           that, we've made sure that we make decisions 

14           that are still in the best interests of our 

15           citizens, but understanding that we may not 

16           be getting a deluge of money.

17                  I will say that the threat of losing 

18           federal funding is very concerning, and we 

19           don't have an answer yet on what we would do 

20           there.  For example, if someone said:  Your 

21           city is no longer going to get CDBG dollars, 

22           what would happen?  We don't know.  I think 

23           we need to be prepared for that if they 

24           were -- if that was to be something that was 


                                                                   231

 1           going to be proposed, obviously we would 

 2           fight that, on something like that.  

 3                  But I think for us it's been 

 4           prioritizing to make sure that we have -- 

 5           keep our finances stable.  And all the rating 

 6           agencies have rated Rochester extremely high 

 7           in terms of our bond rating.  We want to keep 

 8           it that way.

 9                  But we have to be honest here to say 

10           that we -- it makes it harder when we 

11           continue to see revenues decline and pension 

12           costs, healthcare costs continue to go up.  

13           So this is why you hear us constantly banging 

14           the drum about the AIM aid.

15                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  You know, 

16           Assemblyman, when the federal government cuts 

17           or comes up with a mandate, it falls back on 

18           you and then on us.  And when you cut and 

19           come up with a -- you know, like Raise the 

20           Age, which had cost implications -- which we 

21           all supported, but there are cost 

22           implications to it -- again, it falls back on 

23           us.  

24                  And, you know, when I look at our 


                                                                   232

 1           healthcare, you know, Yonkers has a 

 2           $1.5 billion budget.  Almost 200 million goes 

 3           to healthcare.  An individual plan on 

 4           healthcare, when I took office, was $18,000 

 5           per family.  It's now $44,000 per family.  

 6                  So, I mean, my answer to your question 

 7           is we're the last line.  We have to make it 

 8           work.  So when you say, well, what are you 

 9           going to do -- well, you know what, we'll 

10           make tough choices.  We'll break tax caps if 

11           we have to, or if we can.  And sometimes the 

12           political will isn't there.  And if not, then 

13           we will make cuts to our services.

14                  Usually what happens is, you know, 

15           police, fire, sanitation, teachers, you try 

16           to figure out which one you might want to 

17           cut.  You don't cut those that get cut last.  

18           But what do you cut?  We cut middle 

19           management.  Middle management disappears.  

20           You cut parks.  You cut anything that kind of 

21           means anything to anybody.  You know, the 

22           whole social bankruptcy issues where kind of 

23           this takes place.  Because you cut all that 

24           stuff first, and then of course you're left 


                                                                   233

 1           with the bare-bones budget.

 2                  We have operated under this scare for 

 3           a very long time, and we have times we're 

 4           able to make it work, and times when we've 

 5           had to make some severe cuts.  And times we 

 6           had to go to labor, our labor groups, and ask 

 7           them for some relief.  But, you know, we all 

 8           know -- why?  Well, we have Triborough.  We 

 9           can't get changes in our contracts.  Cannot 

10           happen.  We can ask them till we're blue in 

11           the face, and you know what, and they sit 

12           there like this {folding arms} and go, Nope, 

13           not changing anything.  You just figure out 

14           what more you're going to give me, and I'll 

15           tell you what I'm willing to accept.  

16                  And so, you know, it's a challenge.  I 

17           think it's a challenge for every one of us.  

18           But it's a challenge I think that we've all 

19           met, and we'll continue to meet it.  My hope 

20           is that, like I said, with additional 

21           support, it won't be -- it won't be as 

22           difficult.

23                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Thank you, 

24           Assemblyman.  Briefly, just to pick up on 


                                                                   234

 1           Mayor Spano's point, I think we are doing 

 2           everything in our power.  

 3                  The City of Syracuse's three largest 

 4           sources of revenue:  First is sales tax, 

 5           which has been good, but we have no control 

 6           over it.  Second is AIM funding, which up 

 7           until last year hadn't been increased in 

 8           about 15 years.  The third is property taxes.  

 9           And we've had to increase property taxes on 

10           our already tax-burdened residents multiple 

11           times because that is the only one that we 

12           control.

13                  So between that and making difficult 

14           cuts during the pandemic when we had to do 

15           that, identifying new revenue sources, 

16           whether it's the hotel room and occupancy  

17           tax -- and I appreciate the support on that.  

18           We are generating new revenue through 

19           cannabis, which is helpful.  But our options 

20           are limited.  And to Mayor Spano's point, if 

21           we're unable to gain additional revenue, we 

22           do have to make those difficult cuts.

23                  So it's a partnership, and we're 

24           willing to continue to partner with you all 


                                                                   235

 1           to navigate those waters.  But we're 

 2           operating with about a $20 million structural 

 3           deficit and haven't figured out a way to make 

 4           it completely go away yet.

 5                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Thank you.

 6                  And I think that the -- you know, I 

 7           agree with everything that my colleagues have 

 8           said.  We're in a little bit better position.  

 9           We have been able to address our structural 

10           deficit.  We have a little bit of a rainy day 

11           fund.  But really our only lever is property 

12           taxes, and we all know that that is something 

13           that people are already feeling overburdened 

14           by.

15                  And I think that the concern that we 

16           have is, you know, there are departments that 

17           would go away.  For example, if there is no 

18           more CDBG and HUD funding, then the 

19           department that is responsible for 

20           administering that would no longer be there; 

21           same with our workforce development.  I think 

22           this would be the worst time ever to 

23           eliminate workforce development funds, but 

24           that's been threatened.


                                                                   236

 1                  But I think the other piece that is 

 2           concerning to me is, you know, if you say, 

 3           Well, we're no longer going to pay on 

 4           Section 8 vouchers, you now have thousands of 

 5           landlords across the state who are the ones 

 6           that aren't getting paid.  And so it really 

 7           then throws into I think, you know, a huge 

 8           challenge for our housing stock and for the 

 9           viability of that.  

10                  So I think from an affordable housing 

11           standpoint, that's something that the state 

12           really needs to make sure that they're 

13           looking at what those impacts would be and 

14           how they could fill that void.

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Jones?

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Good afternoon, 

18           Mayors.  I think we have the message:  We 

19           need more AIM -- AIM, AIM, AIM.  School aid, 

20           Mayor.  

21                  I was going to ask about housing, but 

22           I believe Senator Ryan, my colleague, has 

23           touched on that.  And we're talking about 

24           raising the threshold from, you know, 35,000 


                                                                   237

 1           now, to that, trying to recruit talented 

 2           people to you.  And I heard this at NYCOM 

 3           yesterday, civil service.  I hear it from the 

 4           municipalities big and small, county 

 5           government, everywhere.  And we're hearing 

 6           that there are issues there with hiring.  I 

 7           know, I used to be in local government.  It's 

 8           maybe a system that's kind of outgrown what 

 9           it started out to be.

10                  What can we do to help you perhaps 

11           change some of the civil service requirements 

12           and, you know, to be able to attract that 

13           talent that you need to run your cities and 

14           municipalities?  I hear it all the time.  I 

15           don't know -- we were just talking about 

16           cutting.  I hope we don't have to get to 

17           cutting personnel.  We want to hire the most 

18           talented individuals out there.

19                  So what are some suggestions?  We hear 

20           it all the time.  I want to hear more 

21           suggestions from you on how to fix this 

22           antiquated system.

23                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Well, thank 

24           you.  And I do have to say we work very 


                                                                   238

 1           closely with New York State Civil Service, 

 2           and they've been incredibly helpful.  They 

 3           provide technical assistance.  They've shown 

 4           flexibility.  They've shown flexibility in 

 5           how often we test, because we have so few 

 6           people taking the police exam.  It used to be 

 7           that a thousand, 1500 people would take the 

 8           police exam.  I believe the last police exam 

 9           that we gave, maybe 110 people actually took 

10           the exam.  So we need to be able to do it 

11           more often.  

12                  So I think looking at those, our 

13           opportunities, I do think raising the amount 

14           that a retiree can earn can help tremendously 

15           with this interim.  I think we have a lot of 

16           people who maybe retired during COVID but now 

17           have an appetite to come back.  And that 

18           would create a tremendous amount of relief, 

19           particularly in our police department, but 

20           there are other places where that help would 

21           be tremendous as we kind of get through the 

22           challenges that we have with filling 

23           positions.

24                  And so I think it really does need to 


                                                                   239

 1           be locality -- not locality by locality, but 

 2           certainly like the issues that we see in 

 3           hiring here are very different.  We're 

 4           competing with the state, which is 

 5           challenging, because you pay more, and so -- 

 6           and by eliminating the test, we have people 

 7           who have made that jump over to different 

 8           agencies.  

 9                  So my situation here is different than 

10           what they may be seeing in Syracuse or 

11           Rochester; I don't want to speak for them.

12                  (Off the record.)

13                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Yeah, I said it 

14           before.  We talked about it.

15                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  I think what 

16           we're seeing is almost like --  it's a 

17           generational issue and people not as 

18           interested in taking these civil service 

19           positions on for one reason or another.  

20           Where these were highly coveted positions in 

21           decades past, they just don't seem like that 

22           for some reason, one reason or another.  

23                  But when it comes to our -- it's not 

24           just our police department, we see it in 


                                                                   240

 1           other departments too, our department of 

 2           public works as well.  I'm not able to 

 3           attract the high-quality candidates that we 

 4           want to.  But when it comes to our police 

 5           department, Mayor Sheehan hit the nail on the 

 6           head.  The reduction of the people just 

 7           taking the exam is extreme.  You know, we're 

 8           talking 75 percent fewer people on the last 

 9           police exam compared to the traditional 

10           number that we would experience.

11                  So anything you could do as far as 

12           increasing that threshold for retirees to 

13           come back to work across the board in these 

14           departments would be extremely helpful.

15                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  If I could just 

16           add one very specific point in addition to 

17           the retiree issue for recruiting new police 

18           officers.  There's a couple of pieces of 

19           legislation that have been floating around 

20           regarding the maximum age for police officers 

21           to enter into the academy.  Increasing that 

22           or removing it altogether and just base it on 

23           whether or not an individual has the ability 

24           to meet the requirements would be helpful to 


                                                                   241

 1           us.

 2                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  I also think 

 3           that if we were able to kind of tap into some 

 4           of our local talent -- you know, I've been 

 5           pushing for a while now to get a few extra 

 6           points for our kids in our Yonkers School 

 7           District.  Right?  Kids who have gone through 

 8           the entire Yonkers school system from 

 9           kindergarten to 12th grade, giving them 

10           maybe -- you know, not the same as veterans, 

11           obviously, but one or two points on a test, 

12           on a civil service exam.  It would encourage 

13           them to stay in the city and it would 

14           encourage them to maybe become police 

15           officers, firefighters or what have you.

16                  And I really think that our schools 

17           would take that and run with it because they 

18           would teach to it.  And they'd say, you know 

19           what, you have an opportunity to stay in your 

20           very own city and actually have a career and 

21           raise your family here.  

22                  And it wouldn't take a lot.  I know 

23           that when we spoke about it, somebody came up 

24           here with a proposal of five or six points.  


                                                                   242

 1           I know that that's just unrealistic, but I 

 2           don't think you need much.  One or two points 

 3           to our kids and, you know what, when you talk 

 4           about diversity in the workforce and you talk 

 5           about a school district like Yonkers, which 

 6           is, you know, 80 percent children that are 

 7           Black and brown children, you're really 

 8           giving a support to help make a difference in 

 9           the community.

10                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  I'll just say 

11           in Rochester one of the things that we're 

12           doing to try to fix this issue is we have a 

13           career pathway to the public safety program 

14           in which we engage kids in high school.  And 

15           when they're done, they can -- they're 

16           offered a job in fire, 911, or EMS.  So we've 

17           done that because those are critical fields 

18           in which we have lots of shortages in.  So 

19           state support for those types of programs I 

20           think is absolutely critical because you're 

21           creating the next generation of folks that 

22           take those jobs.  We do it in the school year 

23           but also during the summer, and they're 

24           taught how to take the civil service exam 


                                                                   243

 1           and, more importantly, what it's like to work 

 2           in those jobs.  And we've hired lots of folks 

 3           in 911 where we have a major shortage in fire 

 4           as well as our EMS folks have been able to do 

 5           that.

 6                  So I think we're going to have to be 

 7           innovative and creative because it's not like 

 8           it was 30 years ago where you had generations 

 9           of people wanting to be firefighters, police 

10           officers and in other public safety fields.  

11           In those fields, but you also have to do 

12           that, I think, in other careers as well.  You 

13           know, environmental services, heavy equipment 

14           operators, et cetera, all places where we 

15           have seen major shortages in.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Is it -- is there 

17           an issue with the test or getting people to 

18           take the test?

19                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  For me I 

20           think -- for us I think it's an issue with 

21           getting people to actually take the test.  

22           That's one issue.  And then if there are any 

23           barriers or types of things, they should 

24           be -- how do you remove those barriers so 


                                                                   244

 1           that way it's not in the way?

 2                  So for example, if it's an area where 

 3           they require a psychological exam, is that 

 4           necessary?  Could that be removed, that -- 

 5           I'm not saying I'm advocating for that for 

 6           police, but those are the types of things you 

 7           have to -- I think we have to be creative 

 8           about.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.  Thank you.  

10                  (Mics off; inaudible comments.)

11                  SENATOR KRUEGER:  Didn't want to make 

12           that mistake twice in a row.

13                  Next we have Senator May.

14                  SENATOR MAY:  Thank you.  Greetings, 

15           everyone.

16                  I wanted to actually follow up on the 

17           question about the police.  One of the things 

18           I heard from the Syracuse police chief a 

19           couple of years ago was that people were 

20           taking the test and it was taking nine months 

21           or 12 months for them to get the results 

22           back, and in the meantime they were going to 

23           North Carolina and getting a job in a 

24           police force.


                                                                   245

 1                  Has that changed at all, Mayor Walsh?

 2                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  So it's still  

 3           a challenge.  I think that is at least in 

 4           part because we rely solely on 

 5           Onondaga County to administer civil service 

 6           in the city.  So we have -- there have been 

 7           discussions about creating our own civil 

 8           service office in the city.  But that is one 

 9           of the challenges, is making sure that 

10           everyone is getting information at the same 

11           time and quickly.  But it is still a 

12           challenge.

13                  SENATOR MAY:  Okay.  Thank you.  That 

14           wasn't actually what I was going to ask 

15           about, so -- but just wanted to follow up on 

16           that.

17                  So last year in the budget there was 

18           $50 million for Syracuse, Rochester and 

19           Buffalo for child poverty initiatives.  Is it 

20           too soon to ask if any of those have shown 

21           any results or if you've come up with any 

22           great ideas that show promise?

23                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  I know in 

24           Rochester, Monroe County, I will say it's too 


                                                                   246

 1           soon.  The important thing to point out about 

 2           those dollars is that they went to OTDA -- I 

 3           mean, through OTDA, which is not as easy as 

 4           us just getting direct funding.  So I think 

 5           once our final plan is approved in Rochester, 

 6           I think we'll be able to more coherently be 

 7           able to pinpoint if there was great success 

 8           stories that could be replicated.

 9                  SENATOR MAY:  Okay.  I'll ask then 

10           again next year.

11                  And then Senator Ryan asked about the 

12           revolving fund for housing, for building 

13           affordable housing.  I carry that bill.  I 

14           believe in it strongly.  But I want to know, 

15           what are the real barriers -- I know 

16           financing is one of the barriers.  But is it 

17           workforce, is it permitting, is it the land?  

18           What are the biggest barriers for you for 

19           building affordable housing?

20                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  You know, 

21           Senator, we -- we've -- in the past 10 years 

22           we've built over 10,000 units of housing.  

23           Even though our ordinance is 10 percent, 

24           we've been actually going with 22 percent 


                                                                   247

 1           affordable.  And we've been doing it because 

 2           we've been partnering with nonprofits and 

 3           trying to kind of make it all work, getting 

 4           money from all of you, getting some 

 5           additional federal money, and kind of putting 

 6           it all together.  Because we agree, we agree 

 7           in Yonkers that affordable housing is 

 8           important.  We agree with the Governor that 

 9           it's something that we have to focus like a 

10           laser on.

11                  But it's not easy, though, because to 

12           go back to what -- can I finish what I was 

13           going to say, Senator?

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  I'm sorry.

15                  SENATOR MAY:  Thank you.

16                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  You'll have to 

17           follow up again later.

18                  Assemblymember Jacobson, three 

19           minutes.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  Thank you.  

21           Thank you, Madam Chair.  

22                  Good to see you.  Most of you I've 

23           seen before, and I know what you're going 

24           through.  


                                                                   248

 1                  I don't have a lot of time.  So one of 

 2           my passions is replacing all lead 

 3           contaminated water lines.  I represent two 

 4           cities, Newburgh and Poughkeepsie, who have a 

 5           significant number of lines to replace.  I 

 6           don't have to tell you the problems with 

 7           lead, and I'm sure I don't have to tell you 

 8           of the deadline of 2034 by the EPA.  

 9                  So what I would like to know is, are 

10           each of your cities on track to meet that 

11           2034 deadline?  Where are you getting your 

12           money from?  Are there state programs 

13           working?  I know you've got an infusion of 

14           cash in the last year or so from the federal 

15           government with the Infrastructure Act, and 

16           there's been that and you go through the 

17           Department of Health to get approval.  So I 

18           want to know if the state -- the lead line 

19           replacement program and other programs are 

20           working and how you are doing.  This is a 

21           passion and I'll be doing other stuff in the 

22           future on this.  So go ahead.

23                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Yeah, I'll 

24           just briefly say Rochester is on track for 


                                                                   249

 1           2030.  And we've cobbled together -- we use 

 2           ARPA funds, state funds and federal funds, 

 3           and we hope to meet our goal by 2030.  And 

 4           we're still on track, and hopefully we'll 

 5           stay on track.

 6                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  We are as well.  

 7           I think the big threat is that that federal 

 8           money that we have is reimbursable.  So we're 

 9           doing the work, we're supposed to get 

10           reimbursed, and there's a lot of uncertainty 

11           with respect to that.

12                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  In Syracuse I 

13           would say, again, yes, on track.  We've got 

14           at least 14,000 service lines.  Next year 

15           we're slated to replace about 3,000 of them, 

16           and we want to stay at that clip.  But the 

17           federal funding, through the bipartisan 

18           infrastructure law, is critical.

19                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  We're on track.  

20           It's our goal obviously to make it all work.  

21           We, thank God, don't have a huge issue in 

22           Yonkers because I guess with the age of the 

23           properties it's -- but we're on track.

24                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  I don't want 


                                                                   250

 1           to tell you we're a hundred percent on track, 

 2           having just been there a couple of months.  

 3           But I will -- I can tell you that we will 

 4           work towards that a hundred percent.  And 

 5           we've been cobbling together different pots 

 6           of money to do so -- ARPA money, things like 

 7           that.

 8                  But with the change in our sewer 

 9           authority some other places, we'll make sure 

10           that we get there.

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  That's good to 

12           hear.  Maybe I can get more money for 

13           Newburgh and Poughkeepsie now.

14                  (Laughter.)

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  About how many 

16           lines do you have to replace?  I'm just 

17           curious.  If you know the numbers.  Do you 

18           know the numbers or -- it's okay.  It's not a 

19           gotcha question, I just wondered.

20                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  I don't know.

21                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  I was putting 

22           the glass that -- (indicating water pitcher).  

23           I missed you in the ice, so.

24                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Since I 


                                                                   251

 1           mentioned it once, I'll mention it again 

 2           because it's up there (indicating head).  But 

 3           at least 14,000 lines we have currently that 

 4           need to be replaced.  It's probably more.  We 

 5           still have a number of unknowns that we're 

 6           looking at.

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  Oops, I'm done.

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  Thank you.

10                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator Brouk.

11                  SENATOR BROUK:  Thank you.  And thank 

12           you all, to all of our partners in local 

13           government, for being here today.

14                  My questions are going to be towards 

15           my mayor, my constituent, Mayor Evans. 

16                  So thank you for your testimony and 

17           thank you for all of your leadership in very 

18           tumultuous times both globally, nationally, 

19           and of course locally as well.

20                  I wanted to talk about -- you know, I 

21           literally was sitting here a second ago and 

22           someone asked me, Why is the poverty so high 

23           in Rochester?  And I said, Well, how much 

24           time do you have?  There's a number of 


                                                                   252

 1           reasons historically, right?  But I think you 

 2           brought up a number of them.  You know, you 

 3           look at the loss of major employers back in 

 4           the day; redlining, which has led to 

 5           incredible concentrated poverty that we see 

 6           in our community.  And you talked about the 

 7           Inner Loop, which literally devastated 

 8           divided, really robust Black and brown 

 9           communities in Rochester that have yet to be 

10           rebuilt.

11                  And so, you know, we've talked a lot 

12           about AIM funding.  We worked with you to try 

13           to improve some of the levels of AIM funding.  

14           But I want to just make sure that we have the 

15           correct context here.  Can you remind us what 

16           is the gap that you're trying to fill with 

17           AIM funding to create some version of parity 

18           with similar upstate cities?

19                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Yeah, I mean 

20           the parity is $32.7 million, and that's not 

21           even asking for anything extra.  That is just 

22           asking per capita in terms of what every 

23           other city gets.  So if we got that, that 

24           would at a minimum just create parity, and it 


                                                                   253

 1           would allow us to address a lot of those 

 2           ingrained issues that you have just so 

 3           articulately mentioned.

 4                  SENATOR BROUK:  So 32.7.  And last 

 5           year what was the increase that you got in 

 6           AIM funding?

 7                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Last year the 

 8           increase was $5 million.

 9                  SENATOR BROUK:  Five million, okay.  

10           So that's a big gap that we're trying to 

11           fill.  And then obviously -- and that would 

12           be ongoing funding, right?  And that's the 

13           idea here, to not have one-time funding.  

14                  But I do know that we were able to 

15           benefit from some anti-poverty dollars.  And 

16           I know that you talked about some of the 

17           programs that you've been able to bring 

18           online.  How much of those dollars, of those 

19           25 million, have you actually seen to be able 

20           to implement programs?

21                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  So, so far, as 

22           you know, those dollars flow through the 

23           county in the zip codes that are in the city.  

24           And we are still working on our final plan, 


                                                                   254

 1           getting approval from OTDA, because they 

 2           weren't direct dollars.  But the goal is, is 

 3           that hopefully we will see impact in those 

 4           zip codes once those dollars are finally 

 5           released.

 6                  SENATOR BROUK:  And in the final 

 7           30 seconds, is there anything that we can 

 8           look at in terms of adjusting how those 

 9           anti-poverty dollars are sent to communities 

10           to make sure they get to you faster?

11                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  The best model 

12           ever, that was ever invented, was ARPA.  The 

13           money comes directly to cities.  We had an 

14           independent evaluator that evaluated every 

15           single dollar that we spent.  We put out a 

16           book that talked about how we spent every 

17           dollar.  

18                  If you want to help local governments, 

19           the best thing is to eliminate any red tape 

20           and let the money go straight to cities.  As 

21           Joe Biden used to say:  "Mayors know how to 

22           spend money.  They know how to get things 

23           done."  Give the money directly to us.

24                  SENATOR BROUK:  Thank you.


                                                                   255

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 2                  And we've been joined by our 

 3           Assembly ranker, Ari Brown, for five minutes.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you, 

 5           Madam Chair.  I've been involved with local 

 6           governments for two and a half decades; I 

 7           always every year had to hold my breath when 

 8           that medical bill would come in:  How much is 

 9           it going to go up, or our contribution 

10           towards state pension?  Our little village 

11           used to be 2500; now I'm spending about 300 

12           grand a year.  You never know.

13                  So I ask any one of you, how'd 

14           everybody do paying in funding for the 

15           illegal immigration issue?  How'd that affect 

16           you this past few years?  Put a dent in your 

17           budget in any way?

18                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  You know what, 

19           Assemblyman, it didn't.  It wasn't 

20           significant.  Thank God.  I mean, we in 

21           Yonkers, because we are a neighbor to 

22           New York City, received a migrant hotel.  No 

23           one called us, no one said, hey, we're 

24           sending -- we're going to fill up a hotel in 


                                                                   256

 1           your community and we're going to come north.  

 2           And it was kind of unfair.  But at the end of 

 3           the day we in Yonkers are hospitable and we 

 4           took care of our guests.  They were there, we 

 5           worked with the county, we worked with the 

 6           not-for-profits, and now they're gone.

 7                  I had very little issues in terms of 

 8           law enforcement issues.  I had minimum impact 

 9           to my school district.  And so, you know, it 

10           turned out to be okay.  But there was still 

11           that angst in the beginning, if you remember, 

12           and a lot of it was caused by really -- by 

13           New York City's inability to communicate with 

14           us what they had planned to do and instead 

15           just laid it on us.  And that was in no way 

16           fair.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Did anybody 

18           spend a hundred thousand, a couple of million 

19           dollars, anything towards -- of your budget 

20           towards this issue to mitigate the issue?

21                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  I mean, I think 

22           if you look at maybe the time that we spent.  

23           But no, I mean this was not a hit to our 

24           budget.  We worked with the community-based 


                                                                   257

 1           organizations that worked with migrants in 

 2           our city already.  We're a refugee 

 3           resettlement community.  We are used to 

 4           having to ensure that families are getting 

 5           the support that they need and access to 

 6           healthcare that they need.  A lot of that is 

 7           done through volunteers.

 8                  But we did work to coordinate to make 

 9           sure that those organizations had the 

10           resources that they needed in order to be 

11           able to ensure that the migrants that were 

12           coming here had access to legal services and 

13           that the services that they were supposed to 

14           be receiving, they were actually receiving.

15                  And so it was really more just 

16           advocating.  You know, it was our -- as we 

17           look at public safety, we had an influx of 

18           people who came into our community who were 

19           probably most at risk of being taken 

20           advantage of and preyed upon.  And so we 

21           really worked -- actually it was an entire 

22           class at UAlbany that worked on strategies 

23           for ensuring that migrants coming to our 

24           community are not, you know, subjected to 


                                                                   258

 1           either, you know, crime, scams, you know, all 

 2           of the things that they were vulnerable to.

 3                  So it was really just more an 

 4           involvement of personnel.  You know, being on 

 5           calls.  Police department.  Just everybody 

 6           making sure that we knew what the needs were 

 7           and were able to coordinate that.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you, 

 9           Mayor.  So I asked this question, it sounds 

10           like similar communities to Long Island, many 

11           middle-class, hardworking, everybody pays 

12           their taxes, we struggle, you know, put our 

13           kids through school and everything else like 

14           that.  The billions of dollars that the state 

15           put towards last year's budget alone was 

16           $2.4 billion.  You think if we divided that 

17           up into five, you know, give you each a 

18           billion dollars each, that would have helped 

19           your community in any way?  I mean, shouldn't 

20           it go to the hardworking citizens of your 

21           communities first and foremost so you don't 

22           have to sweat it out, you know, during budget 

23           time like we all have to do for our own 

24           communities?  Would that have made any 


                                                                   259

 1           difference, a billion dollars each or half a 

 2           billion dollars each?  Would that have helped 

 3           you?

 4                  You could say yes.  They know the 

 5           answer.

 6                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  If you're 

 7           proposing giving us all a billion each, thank 

 8           you, Assemblyman.

 9                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  We'll take it.

10                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  That's it.  

11           Thank you all for being here today.

12                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Thank you, 

13           Assemblyman.

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay, thank you.

15                  Senator Pat Fahy.

16                  SENATOR FAHY:  Thank you, Chair.  

17                  Thank you, Mayors.  Wonderful to see 

18           each of you.  And I, like my colleague a 

19           moment ago, am going to direct my questions 

20           to my mayor, and that is Mayor Sheehan.  

21                  I haven't always been on a committee 

22           where I can ask questions, but this year I am 

23           on a committee.  And I know this will be your 

24           last presentation, so thank you on a whole 


                                                                   260

 1           host of levels.  Thank you for your 

 2           tremendous advocacy heading the Conference of 

 3           Mayors last year to finally help, along with 

 4           the help of all of you, to move the needle on 

 5           AIM.  That was -- lots of frustration on that 

 6           over my dozen years in service, so it's great 

 7           that we moved it.  I hope we can move it 

 8           again.

 9                  I share the bias here with the mayor 

10           of Albany, and that is probably no one is 

11           more disadvantaged on that in terms of 

12           upstate cities than the City of Albany, where 

13           I also live.  And thank you for the reminder 

14           that 64 percent of the land in Albany is 

15           tax-deductible.

16                  Two questions.  The biggest surprise, 

17           but the most welcome one in the budget this 

18           year for me was the $400 million that the 

19           Governor is proposing for -- it's like a 

20           "it's our turn" of upstate cities in terms of 

21           an investment with capital dollars.  

22                  Can you particularly talk about the 

23           $200 million part of that and what types of 

24           projects you'd like to see, Mayor?  


                                                                   261

 1                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Certainly.  I 

 2           mean, we have a piece of property that is 

 3           prime for redevelopment.  It's where the 

 4           Greyhound Bus Station currently is located.  

 5           It is a parcel that was accumulated -- 

 6           originally there was going to be a convention 

 7           center there.  The convention center moved.  

 8           And so it really has become an eyesore.  

 9                  And we know that we need to make a 

10           major investment there, but it also creates a 

11           tremendous opportunity for creating taxable 

12           property; housing, which is desperately 

13           needed; and we'd love to see a new major 

14           attraction in our downtown.  Again, with the 

15           office market being what it is, we also see 

16           that funding being available to help with 

17           more conversions.

18                  We also did a significant number of 

19           conversions of Class B and C office space to 

20           housing.  All of that housing is full.  We 

21           have a new neighborhood downtown.  But we 

22           could definitely use more housing units.  And 

23           so looking at more office conversions, given 

24           the reality that we see now, which is that 


                                                                   262

 1           most -- most workplaces are still hybrid.  I 

 2           mean, the state being the largest one.  But 

 3           many of our law firms and accounting firms 

 4           are as well.

 5                  SENATOR FAHY:  Thank you for pointing 

 6           out the limitations of the inclusionary 

 7           zoning that I know is -- it's troubling me 

 8           that we haven't had any new major starts of 

 9           housing in Albany in the last couple of 

10           years.  I support the permanent pilot funding 

11           as well.  

12                  In the last few seconds, can you talk 

13           about the impact of any cuts on federal 

14           funding such as CDBG grants?

15                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Yeah, I think 

16           that we're very concerned.  We have small 

17           community-based organizations, but they do 

18           tremendous work.  And without these funds, it 

19           really -- it takes some of the fabric of our 

20           community away.

21                  SENATOR FAHY:  Thank you, Mayor.  

22           Thank you again for -- thanks to each of you 

23           for your advocacy and service.

24                  Thank you, Chair.


                                                                   263

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you very 

 2           much.

 3                  Next we have Senator Jackson -- oh, 

 4           excuse me, Assemblymember Jackson.  

 5                  (Laughter; comments off the record.)

 6                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Thank you, 

 7           Chair.

 8                  I just want to say that I've spent 

 9           time in every last one of your cities.  And 

10           last night, Mayor Sheehan, I was actually at 

11           the museum.  My son loves the carousel.

12                  But I have to say that the 

13           Strong National Museum of Play in Rochester 

14           is absolutely amazing, and I'm encouraging 

15           everyone to go and visit both museums.  We 

16           have to increase funding for that museum to 

17           make it just a beautiful place that everyone 

18           wants to stop and go to.

19                  And I just want to also say that in 

20           Buffalo, during COVID, that was the only 

21           space that my daughter and I went to visit 

22           and spend time so we can be around 

23           Niagara Falls, be out in the open.

24                  Syracuse has the most amazing schools.  


                                                                   264

 1           You all have amazing schools, educational -- 

 2           sorry, colleges in your cities.  And I'm just 

 3           wondering how you all are keeping those 

 4           students there to maybe work and be a part of 

 5           your -- the new residents there in your 

 6           cities.  I'm also thinking about tourism.  

 7           How is that impacting your cities?  Will that 

 8           help you all with the funding you all need?

 9                  Of course in Albany we'll make sure 

10           that we do our part, but I also want to hear 

11           about that.  And thank you for the office 

12           conversions.  I think you have to increase 

13           those.  I was about to say that.  Work from 

14           home I don't think is decreasing, it's 

15           actually increasing.

16                  So if we can talk to like how you guys 

17           are retaining your -- maybe students who are 

18           coming to the schools in your cities.

19                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Assemblywoman, 

20           you know, one of the things that you all did 

21           was still the tax credit for films, and that 

22           spurred on a movement of the film industry 

23           into our state.  Yonkers has actually done 

24           really well there.  We're going to have main 


                                                                   265

 1           studios, potentially 22 studios in a 

 2           community that has 30 percent unemployment.  

 3                  And we just partnered with Lionsgate 

 4           and Great Point Studios to build a new 

 5           high school.  And the high school, it's going 

 6           to be from sixth grade -- actually, a middle 

 7           school to a high school -- to 12th grade.  

 8           And the children who are going to attend our 

 9           schools -- again, the children who are 

10           predominantly Black and brown children in our 

11           city, will be able to go to Robert Halmi 

12           School, they're going to learn that industry.  

13           And then they're going to be given, every 

14           year, be given the opportunity to work in the 

15           industry or move on to NYU, to Syracuse 

16           University, Newhouse.

17                  Again, this is a direct line to the 

18           middle class for our kids.  And it all 

19           started with New York State giving us those 

20           tax credits.  So thank you.

21                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Gotcha.

22                  And I spend the most time in Yonkers, 

23           by the way, outside of the Bronx.

24                  (Laughter.)


                                                                   266

 1                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  But any other 

 2           thoughts on what we should be doing to 

 3           increase tourism?  Anybody, last 10 seconds?

 4                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  I would say 

 5           just continue to market, market, market and 

 6           make sure that we tell our stories, that -- 

 7           what each of our individual cities has to 

 8           offer for sure.

 9                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Thank you.

10                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

11                  Senator Jeremy Cooney.

12                  SENATOR COONEY:  (Mic off.)  Thank 

13           you, Chair. 

14                  Good afternoon, Mayors, always 

15           wonderful to see you.  And thank you for your 

16           public service.  I greatly appreciate it.

17                  Mayor Evans, Happy Birthday.

18                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Thank you.

19                  SENATOR COONEY:  I know we need to 

20           give you a piece of cake with 33 million 

21           candles on it -- 

22                  (Laughter.)

23                  SENATOR COONEY:  -- to make up for 

24           AIM.


                                                                   267

 1                  But I want to talk about your 

 2           aggressive and I think appropriate plan to 

 3           combat vehicular pedestrian and cyclist 

 4           injury and death occurring in the City of 

 5           Rochester.  A lot of it was based upon 

 6           Vision Zero, which we've seen success across 

 7           the country.  But as the chair of the 

 8           Transportation Committee, I find this 

 9           particularly compelling.

10                  One item in particular I wanted to ask 

11           you about, with the proposed Bus Rapid 

12           Transit for Lake Avenue, which of course is 

13           in my district.  And we've seen a number of 

14           unfortunate injuries and fatalities along 

15           Lake Ave.  How do you see this project 

16           transforming our city?  And what funding 

17           necessary do you require?

18                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Yeah, I think 

19           that we require obviously some serious 

20           funding to be able to do this.  But this 

21           would transform our city because it would 

22           transform the most dangerous corridor in our 

23           city, where most of our pedestrian accidents 

24           have happened.  It is an area that I 


                                                                   268

 1           sometimes refer to as a speedway.  And in 

 2           fact, you know, there is a famous artist that 

 3           wrote a song about speeding down Lake Avenue, 

 4           Lou Gramm.  

 5                  So it has that dubious distinction.  I 

 6           think that that will allow people to use more 

 7           than cars.  Cars are important for some 

 8           people to be able to use, but we want people 

 9           to have all types of transportation options.  

10           And this project will allow us to be able to 

11           do that.  We believe that it will decrease 

12           pedestrian fatalities that we have.  You 

13           know, these aren't accidents, these are 

14           crashes that are happening.  And it will help 

15           not only with design but also give people the 

16           ability to move about their day with other 

17           forms of transportation options.  And I think 

18           that that is absolutely critical.

19                  You know, we're proud to be one of the 

20           few cities that have embraced this 

21           Vision Zero concept and framework.  

22           Pedestrian deaths since COVID have really 

23           skyrocketed across the country and Rochester 

24           has been no exception.  So we believe that 


                                                                   269

 1           this project will be transformational in 

 2           helping us to meet our Vision Zero goals of 

 3           having zero pedestrian deaths in the future.

 4                  SENATOR COONEY:  Thank you, Mayor.  

 5                  And I want to also thank you for your 

 6           support of expanding public transportation in 

 7           general.  I know this is important to all of 

 8           your cities, but particularly as we see more 

 9           of these large employers and jobs coming 

10           outside of our center cities into more rural 

11           industrial spaces, how do we connect workers 

12           who are in the city to these job 

13           opportunities?  You've supported my 

14           $5 million fund for a transit worker equity 

15           fund which would work with RTS, in our 

16           case -- but with Centro and FTA, CDTA, we 

17           would make sure that all of these transit 

18           authorities, non-MTA transit authorities, 

19           have that opportunity.

20                  Thank you, Chair.

21                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

22                  Let's see.  We have next 

23           Assemblymember Conrad.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN CONRAD:  Thank you, 


                                                                   270

 1           Chairs.

 2                  Mayors, good to see you.  I know all 

 3           of you are very disappointed about the 

 4           Buffalo Bills loss of the season.  Except I 

 5           have to say, Mayor Sheehan, driving into town 

 6           I saw a Jets billboard.  We'll talk later.

 7                  (Laughter.)

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN CONRAD:  One of the -- I'm 

 9           completely sympathetic, having come from 

10           local government, on the AIM issue.  Whether 

11           it's CHIPS, AIM, you know, the conversation 

12           continues.  And I won't belabor that question 

13           of how we're going to pay for these things 

14           going forward in the future.

15                  I have got one question for 

16           Mayor Scanlon; if there's time, one for the 

17           rest. 

18                  Mayor Scanlon, in all of the inquiries 

19           that I get to my office, there's one 

20           consistent thing that has kind of what I 

21           would say gone undiscussed.  And in the City 

22           of Buffalo there's an animal shelter, and we 

23           get quite a few calls in my office about the 

24           dilapidated conditions of the animal shelter.  


                                                                   271

 1           We've got a lot of folks who are very 

 2           passionate about animals.  They've gotten I 

 3           think nowhere at this point.

 4                  What's your thoughts?  Are we doing 

 5           something on that?  Where are we with the 

 6           animal shelter?

 7                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Thank you, 

 8           Assemblymember.  And some of us took that 

 9           Bills loss a little harder than the others.

10                  ASSEMBLYMAN CONRAD:  Yeah, I could 

11           imagine.

12                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Yeah.  

13                  But thank you for the question.  Yeah, 

14           there's an issue there at the animal shelter 

15           that's being rectified.  We are in the final 

16           stages of entering into a lease for a new 

17           location that is adjacent to some city-owned 

18           property which would provide some green space 

19           for the animals as well.  

20                  I understand and I'm very sympathetic 

21           to the concerns of people within the 

22           community and the concerns and the issues 

23           that have gone on at the animal shelter for 

24           the past couple of years, really coming to 


                                                                   272

 1           light this year.  I was unaware of some of 

 2           the conditions that existed there.  But they 

 3           have been -- they are being addressed, and we 

 4           are in the very final stages of a lease 

 5           entering into a new location.

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN CONRAD:  Okay, thank you.

 7                  And then to the rest of everyone here 

 8           on the panel, we just had our neighbors from 

 9           the north, Canada, in town talking about 

10           potential tariffs.  Is that anything that you 

11           folks are looking at economically as impact 

12           to your cities?  I'll start with 

13           Mayor Scanlon and go down the line.

14                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Yeah, as a 

15           border city, it's a major concern, obviously.  

16           Tourism, things of that nature, trading with 

17           Canada, a major trade partner.  It's -- some 

18           of the things going on at the federal 

19           government level, federal level, are very 

20           concerning.  

21                  And we're looking at the -- you know, 

22           we're here talking about different things 

23           that impact us and, you know, sales tax is 

24           one that impacts the City of Buffalo, and we 


                                                                   273

 1           draw a tremendous number of tourists from 

 2           Southern Ontario and up towards Toronto 

 3           coming to Buffalo as well.  So it could 

 4           impact us in a number of different ways.  So 

 5           we're keeping a very close eye on it and 

 6           taking any precautions that we are building 

 7           into -- looking at our budget for any impacts 

 8           that might come in the future.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN CONRAD:  Does it affect 

10           anybody else directly?

11                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  I would add 

12           similarly, tourism is a -- has a significant 

13           potential impact.

14                  But I also want to mention one related 

15           to what we've been discussing:  Lumber costs.  

16           That could have a devastating effect on our 

17           ability to build more housing.

18                  ASSEMBLYMAN CONRAD:  Good to know.  

19           Thank you.

20                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

21                  Ranker Walczyk for five minutes.  

22           Senator Walczyk.

23                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Thanks so much, 

24           Chairwoman.


                                                                   274

 1                  Mayor Walsh, I can appreciate the 

 2           sentiment of the Athenian Oath in reporting 

 3           Syracuse is "not only not less, but greater, 

 4           better and more beautiful than it was 

 5           transmitted to us."  What an awesome mission, 

 6           and right in line with the state's mission of 

 7           Excelsior, ever upward.  And right in your 

 8           namesake of Syracuse.  A beautiful sentiment 

 9           and aligns with some of the questions that I 

10           have for some of the things that you have for 

11           a brighter future for Syracuse.

12                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Sure.

13                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Can you talk about 

14           tourism in Syracuse and what that looks like 

15           in the future for us?

16                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  So one of -- we 

17           have a lot of things that bring in tourism, 

18           whether it's our natural resources, our large 

19           institutions -- of course Syracuse 

20           University's there.  

21                  And one thing that I want to mention 

22           relative to a need in Syracuse is hotel 

23           rooms.  So as -- the good news is we've seen 

24           a number of properties converted from older 


                                                                   275

 1           hotel space to residential, which we need.  

 2           But it's left us a hole of about nearly 

 3           600 hotel rooms in the City of Syracuse.  So 

 4           we are working aggressively to try to get new 

 5           hotel product online.

 6                  But beyond that, you know, I think no 

 7           different than any other community.  Tourism 

 8           is an important aspect of our local economy.

 9                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  That was actually a 

10           perfect segue, because my next question was 

11           actually about hotels.  Because you sit at 

12           the confluence of 81 and 90, grew up on the 

13           Erie Canal, and have always been that 

14           corridor of commerce and tourism.  The state 

15           has invested in a lot of things to bring 

16           tourism to the region.  And then you have 

17           your Oncenter downtown.  

18                  But if you're underbuilt for hotels, 

19           it's really difficult to do that.  So what do 

20           we have in the hopper, and how can the state 

21           be a good partner in that mission?

22                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Great question.

23                  So we have -- we just recently 

24           announced a new hotel project, Onondaga 


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 1           Hotel, right downtown just a few blocks from 

 2           the Oncenter.  County Executive McMahon has 

 3           an RFP out for county land for a hotel.  

 4                  So the pipeline is starting to build.  

 5           And one of the things that I would encourage 

 6           the state to think about is when it comes to 

 7           deploying economic development resources, 

 8           grant dollars to projects, I think sometimes 

 9           we fall back on more traditional, antiquated 

10           definitions of what defines economic 

11           development.  And also doesn't necessarily 

12           account for the unique aspects in particular 

13           communities or unique dynamics that may exist 

14           in Syracuse but don't exist in Albany.

15                  So we've been having conversations 

16           with the state, particularly Empire State 

17           Development, about how important it is to 

18           assist us in supporting hotel projects 

19           because it does have that ripple effect.  So 

20           it's something that I'd like to see more 

21           willingness on the part of Empire State 

22           Development to support us in those efforts.

23                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Okay.  So primarily 

24           when we're looking at the budget for hotel 


                                                                   277

 1           development in Syracuse, we should be looking 

 2           at Empire State Development?

 3                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  So yeah, like 

 4           most projects, it's hard to make them pencil 

 5           out.  And so, again, understanding -- and 

 6           ESD's been a great partner.  They've made 

 7           significant investments in Syracuse.  But 

 8           that's a particular area where we've been 

 9           having recent discussions where, you know, a 

10           couple of million dollars could put the 

11           project over the top and bring not only 

12           property on the tax rolls, bring both 

13           construction jobs and permanent -- 

14           accessible, permanent jobs.

15                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Kind of as you 

16           mentioned, hotels were converted to housing 

17           to fill that need for housing.  And in your 

18           testimony you said a plan for housing and 

19           community revitalization.  What does that 

20           look like for Syracuse?

21                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Boy.  Okay, 

22           one -- about a minute to talk about it.

23                  It's multifaceted.  So, you know, we 

24           are building more new single-family 


                                                                   278

 1           owner-occupied homes than have been built in 

 2           decades.  I would give a shout out to HCR and 

 3           specifically the state's AHOP program, which 

 4           has been really just a great new tool in our 

 5           toolkit.  

 6                  So we're building a lot of new 

 7           owner-occupied housing.  We're building a lot 

 8           of rental housing.  We have a number of LIHTC 

 9           projects in the pipeline.  The state's been a 

10           big supporter of an old state developmental 

11           center that we're converting to new housing.  

12           So it's hitting at different income levels, 

13           mixed-income, owner-occupied and rental.  You 

14           know, it's an all-of-the-above strategy.

15                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Thanks very much.

16                  I'll turn back the last 20 seconds of 

17           my time and just say Go, Bills!

18                  (Laughter.)

19                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

20                  Assemblymember Ravina.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN RIVERA:  Rivera.

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Excuse me.  I'm 

23           just trying to read someone else's 

24           handwriting.


                                                                   279

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN RIVERA:  Hi.  Thank you.

 2                  So I just want to start by saying I 

 3           have been a visitor in all of your cities and 

 4           from someone that comes from local 

 5           government, I know that you guys have tough, 

 6           tough, tough jobs.  And it's difficult to 

 7           find support and often difficult to find 

 8           practicality in the world of expectations 

 9           that are sometimes unfair.  So it's not easy 

10           to take on the task of leading a city, but I 

11           commend everybody for making that sacrifice.

12                  This question is for my mayor, 

13           Mayor Scanlon.  You know, recently I was able 

14           to go visit Rochester and I met with folks 

15           there that I've been working on the rental 

16           inspection issue for many years.  Rochester 

17           really seems to have figured out the right 

18           way to do it.  They have invested resources 

19           towards it, and it's clearly a measurable 

20           success that they've had.  In not just 

21           determining where lead has poisoned children 

22           but also going down to the granular of 

23           specific homes where it's a prevalent 

24           problem.  


                                                                   280

 1                  In the conversations that I've had 

 2           with council members and with folks back 

 3           home, it's been a consistent concern, where 

 4           we are with the rental inspection program for 

 5           the City of Buffalo.  And it seems like, one, 

 6           we're not investing in that program enough.  

 7           And it also seems as though the results that 

 8           we're getting from that program is not really 

 9           showing us much results.  I don't know if 

10           it's a matter of the equipment we're using, 

11           the amount of personnel that we have, or sort 

12           of the back-and-forth between the city 

13           feeling that the country has a bigger role.  

14                  But at the end of the day we have a 

15           clear problem where we are, and I say this as 

16           a parent that's raising a daughter in a 

17           high-lead zip code that concerns me every 

18           day.  And it's also something that I believe 

19           in here in this body, where I carry multiple 

20           pieces of legislation around lead.

21                  I honestly think that, you know -- and 

22           I'm not putting it on you as if it's all your 

23           fault, certainly, because this is an issue of 

24           the prior administration and the last 


                                                                   281

 1           50 years' worth of administration that's at 

 2           fault.  But we aren't doing enough on this.  

 3           And the resources that we provide, whether it 

 4           be through the state or really any entity, 

 5           towards the city, it doesn't seem to be going 

 6           to this issue that I believe we can eradicate 

 7           in a generation.

 8                  So I say all that to say that, you 

 9           know, do you anticipate using any funding 

10           that you've discussed needing or wanting 

11           towards this issue?

12                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Yeah, I think 

13           you touched on the issue that has been 

14           plaguing the PRI program, is the pointing of 

15           fingers between the city and the county for a 

16           number of years.

17                  I think we've moved past that, and I 

18           have a good partner in our county executive 

19           now.  Two years ago I sponsored legislation 

20           that doubled the fee associated with the 

21           rental registration fee, which brought an 

22           additional million dollars into our budget 

23           which paid for additional inspectors.  The 

24           problem is they're just finishing up with all 


                                                                   282

 1           their training.  They'll be out in the field 

 2           soon.  And I think we'll be able to hit those 

 3           goals in the near future.

 4                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 5                  I'm going to go to an additional 

 6           Assemblymember, Assemblymember Sayegh.  Not 

 7           here.  Then let's try Assemblywoman Shimsky.

 8                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  Thank you so 

 9           much, Madam Chair.  

10                  And thank you to all of you for being 

11           here and helping to guide us as we find our 

12           way through the priorities.  

13                  My big issue is generally capital and 

14           infrastructure spending.  And we often talk 

15           about new initiatives, but one of the big 

16           problems that so many local governments are 

17           facing is that maintenance on various systems 

18           has not been able to be kept up with for a 

19           long time, and there are really serious 

20           problems as a result.  I mean, you're talking 

21           about building structures, building systems, 

22           roads and bridges, parks, clean water, 

23           wastewater.

24                  What do you see as the particular 


                                                                   283

 1           infrastructure maintenance issues that are 

 2           most concerning your municipalities at this 

 3           point?

 4                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  You know, 

 5           Assemblywoman, we could just run through the 

 6           list.  I mean, obviously schools.  I have at 

 7           least a billion dollars in needs in terms of 

 8           what infrastructure needs we have for the 

 9           schools.  We have a tremendous amount of 

10           needs.  We haven't touched our library 

11           system nor our libraries in a long time.  We 

12           were able to take advantage recently of the 

13           lower rates when they were lower to rebuild 

14           many of our parks.  

15                  But it works like this.  For every 

16           $30 million I borrow, that I have to raise 

17           property taxes 1 percent.  You all gave us a 

18           2 percent tax cap.  You know, that makes our 

19           life a little difficult because the 

20           infrastructure doesn't go outside the tax 

21           cap.  And if it did, it might actually help 

22           us a little bit.  That we'd recognize that 

23           maybe if we have to borrow money for a 

24           project that is significant for our 


                                                                   284

 1           community, that maybe that should be outside 

 2           the tax cap, we'll just start it out there.

 3                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  I think from 

 4           our point, a similar -- the biggest issue 

 5           we're facing on the capital front is the 

 6           elimination of the Joint Schools Construction 

 7           Board and the impact that has on our ability 

 8           to maintain our buildings within the local 

 9           public school system and our other 

10           infrastructure needs.

11                  This year we passed the largest 

12           capital budget in the city's history -- 55 

13           million of that was the city of Buffalo's 

14           public schools.  So moving forward, we'd love 

15           to see the Joint Schools Construction Board 

16           reinstituted so the Buffalo public schools 

17           aren't coming and gobbling up a lot of our 

18           capital budget needs or the assets that we 

19           have at our disposal.  So I think that's the 

20           big issue that we're facing.

21                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  I 

22           don't think you can use the 8 seconds.

23                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  You can have 

24           it back, Madam Chair.


                                                                   285

 1                  (Laughter.)

 2                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you, 

 3           Assemblywoman.

 4                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  And thank you.

 5                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Thanks, 

 6           Assemblywoman.

 7                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  (Mic off) -- 

 8           migrants being sent by bus or arrangements 

 9           made with hotels.  

10                  So for the record, my family were 

11           undocumented; none of my family had paperwork 

12           when we got here.  We probably -- we didn't 

13           have a dime as far as I know from my family 

14           history.  We were fleeing pogroms and the 

15           Nazis in Eastern Europe.  And yet pretty 

16           quickly we turned things around for ourselves 

17           and became contributing members of the 

18           American society, and I even got to be a 

19           Senator.  

20                  So people have asked about the costs 

21           for you.  And we know that there are costs.  

22           But we also know from research that very 

23           quickly it turns around to be another story 

24           where immigrants actually end up being 


                                                                   286

 1           contributors both from a tax perspective and 

 2           new employees and starting new businesses.

 3                  So I'm curious, have your cities 

 4           actually seen advantages as you have new 

 5           people moving into your communities?

 6                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Well, certainly 

 7           within the City of Albany we had employers 

 8           who were asking me if I could get buses of 

 9           migrants to come to our community because of 

10           the need in our workforce.

11                  When we saw a significant reduction in 

12           the number of refugees who were allowed to 

13           legally come into this country under the 

14           refugee resettlement program, it had an 

15           impact on our hospitals, on our restaurants, 

16           on many of our employers.  And we were only 

17           just starting to recover from that under the 

18           Biden administration, and so there still is a 

19           very significant need for labor.

20                  I mean, this area would not have grown 

21           if it were not for immigration.  We want 

22           immigrants to be here and to be able to work 

23           legally.  We want to ensure that those who 

24           are protecting our border are doing their 


                                                                   287

 1           jobs.  But when we have folks who are here in 

 2           our community, our experience has been that 

 3           we are able to see them in a very short 

 4           period of time do things like open 

 5           businesses.  You know, we have an 

 6           international school here because we have 

 7           many refugees who come here, so we have a 

 8           school that's focused on new language 

 9           learners, and then they move out of that 

10           school and into our regular school district.

11                  And so we have an entire group of 

12           community-based organizations have really 

13           developed around supporting, helping people 

14           to become very successful.  And I think we 

15           have to ensure that we continue to be 

16           welcoming as we see our population aging and 

17           people retiring and the need to replenish our 

18           workforce.

19                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

20                  Other mayors?

21                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Yeah, I'll 

22           chime in.  Everything that Mayor Sheehan 

23           said, completely agree.  We are a proud 

24           refugee resettlement and immigrant community 


                                                                   288

 1           in Syracuse.  There are over 80 languages 

 2           spoken in the Syracuse City School District.  

 3                  Our population, our city population 

 4           grew in the last census for the first time in 

 5           70 years.  That would not have happened 

 6           without refugee resettlement.  We're very 

 7           concerned about a slowdown of resettlement 

 8           under the current administration.  So we're a 

 9           proud welcoming community and intend to stay 

10           that way.

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

12                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Senator, you 

13           know what, Yonkers is that type of immigrant 

14           community.  I'm the grandson of Italian 

15           immigrants.  And that's always been a good 

16           thing.  And we've always, as any urban center 

17           has, we've always been -- took our fair share 

18           and then some.  And that was never an issue.  

19                  My issue is when New York City decided 

20           to impose its will on a much smaller 

21           community.  Their impact on Yonkers could 

22           have really had a -- could have had a 

23           devastating effect on our Board of Education 

24           budget.  It was a budget-buster.  And so -- 


                                                                   289

 1           and it was done so without real -- without 

 2           even a consultation with us.  That's when we 

 3           had the issue.  Up until then, we're willing 

 4           to be partners and we'll partner any which 

 5           way we can, and share.  And we have.  That's 

 6           been our -- that's been our past.

 7                  But I think in the future, though, we 

 8           should be looking -- communities shouldn't 

 9           have things just thrown on them.

10                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Obviously 

11           Rochester is a refugee resettlement 

12           community.  We've been one for decades.  

13           These refugees are now business owners, 

14           they're now homeowners, they contribute to 

15           the tax base and to revenue in our city.

16                  But I should also point out a lot of 

17           them played by the rules.  They wait for 

18           years to get a pathway to citizenship.  So 

19           we're very concerned about how refugees will 

20           be treated in the future, but we're also 

21           concerned about the organizations that are 

22           supporting these refugees and helping them 

23           resettle and acclimate and assimilate into 

24           our community.


                                                                   290

 1                  But I think that they are a part of 

 2           the economic development lifeline that you 

 3           have in cities.  They come here with skills, 

 4           they come here with love of family, and they 

 5           end up loving America.  And that is the case 

 6           in Rochester with our refugee resettlement 

 7           program, and I hope that we can find a way to 

 8           make sure that they can continue to 

 9           contribute to the vibrancy of all of our 

10           cities, and all of the cities across New York 

11           State.

12                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Thank you, 

13           Senator.  You know, Buffalo is a very 

14           welcoming city and our diversity is quite 

15           frankly our strength.  And much like my 

16           counterparts here, we welcome new Americans 

17           to our city.  

18                  Just like Syracuse, our immigrant 

19           population, our new Americans, led to our 

20           first population increase in over seven 

21           years.  The last census was the first 

22           population increase we had, and these are new 

23           Americans who are contributing to our tax 

24           base, opening businesses, things of that 


                                                                   291

 1           nature.  And that's no different than how 

 2           things have taken place in our cities or 

 3           other cities across the country as long as 

 4           this country's been around.

 5                  So we welcome them and look forward to 

 6           partnering with the agencies that help to 

 7           assimilate them and adjust to their new lives 

 8           here in America.

 9                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

10                  So I'll just ask you each, but just 

11           your one answer.

12                  So here in Albany we are looking at 

13           the state budget through a lens of how much 

14           are we going to lose from the federal 

15           government.  And we're all reading the 

16           newspapers every day.  You're all smart 

17           mayors of significant-sized towns.  You know 

18           what's going on in Washington.  What's your 

19           number-one biggest worry, from your budget 

20           perspective, if things that we're hearing 

21           coming out of Washington are true?

22                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Our block 

23           grant, if that were frozen and not allocated 

24           to the City of Buffalo, would be extremely 


                                                                   292

 1           detrimental.  We have one of the larger CDBG 

 2           allocations in the country, and the amount of 

 3           organizations and users that receive that 

 4           funding would be traumatically impacted.  So 

 5           that's probably the largest.

 6                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  CDBG, but I 

 7           can't forget about federal highway dollars.  

 8           I mean, those are critical, critical dollars 

 9           to make sure that you keep the infrastructure 

10           strong in your cities. 

11                  So CDBG and federal highway concern me 

12           greatly.

13                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  We just 

14           identified by going through our budgets, 

15           about a hundred million dollars.  It would 

16           really be an attack on the core of everything 

17           that we do in our cities.  I don't know -- 

18           there wouldn't be a way to recover, in my 

19           opinion, unless someone disagrees with me.

20                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  Certainly CDBG.  

21           I think more broadly, just the uncertainty of 

22           everything.  We have significant projects 

23           already underway or about to be underway with 

24           significant federal support.  I mentioned 


                                                                   293

 1           Interstate 81, 2.25 billion.  We don't have 

 2           any reason to believe that that funding dries 

 3           up or stalls.  But that uncertainty creates 

 4           anxiety.

 5                  Similarly with the Micron project.  

 6           Again, the deal's inked, signed, moving 

 7           forward.  But that uncertainty, again, it 

 8           undermines our ability to advance as a 

 9           community.

10                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  And I think all 

11           of those things and the money that we've 

12           already spent.  So reimbursements that are -- 

13           we're contracted for, we've spent the money, 

14           we're supposed to spend it over a period of 

15           years.  If for some reason that cash doesn't 

16           come in, that will have a pretty immediate 

17           impact and we'll have to make some very 

18           difficult decisions. 

19                  So, you know, in addition to being 

20           concerned about future projects and 

21           investments that we are looking to make, it's 

22           the dollars that we've already spent and that 

23           we're contractually obligated to pay out, and 

24           not getting reimbursed for those.


                                                                   294

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  I'm 

 2           going to give back my minute 20 seconds.

 3                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Senator, before 

 4           you do that, can I just say thank you.  It 

 5           has been a pleasure to be testifying here to 

 6           your committee all these years, and I 

 7           appreciate the hard questions and it's been 

 8           great.  I'm sad that this is my last one.  

 9           But thank you.

10                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Since this is 

11           your last one, I certainly wish you the best 

12           going forward.

13                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  Thank you.

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  So thank you, 

15           Mayor Sheehan.

16                  I'm returning it to the Assembly.  We 

17           are done with Senators.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  We certainly are.  

19                  Okay -- 

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  I beg your 

22           pardon.

23                  (Laughter.)

24                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  You notice how he 


                                                                   295

 1           just wanders off for a while and now --

 2                  (Laughter.)

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Dais.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Hi.  We're going to 

 5           be brief questions and answers, I guess, 

 6           only -- I have three minutes, not 10.

 7                  So Buffalo, despite the team that 

 8           plays there -- I'm a Jets fan, 

 9           unfortunately -- I had the honor to work for 

10           Joe Burns, who is running the Buffalo Stadium 

11           project.  How are we doing on the MBE and WBE 

12           numbers for that stadium?  Briefly.

13                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Yeah.  Thank 

14           you.  And it's a tough existence, 

15           Assemblymember, as a Jets fan lately. 

16                  (Laughter.)

17                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Things are 

18           going very well.  And you have a tremendous 

19           partner here in state government and Senator 

20           April Baskin, who, when at the Erie County 

21           Legislature, fought tirelessly to incorporate 

22           a community benefits agreement within that 

23           stadium process.  And those goals were 

24           implemented because of her hard work.  


                                                                   296

 1                  So I think things are very much on 

 2           track there.

 3                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Thank you.  

 4                  So construction's a big concern for 

 5           me.  I believe building infrastructure is the 

 6           way we move New York forward.  So just very 

 7           briefly, across to all of you, for your major 

 8           projects do you do lump-sum projects?  Do you 

 9           have progressive design-build?  

10                  How do you bid out your construction 

11           projects?

12                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  So I'll start 

13           on the big scale, and it's a State DOT 

14           project.  The 81 project had very aggressive 

15           local hiring provisions which DOT is doing 

16           really well meeting.

17                  On the city front, you know, that is 

18           an area where we've spending a lot of time 

19           looking at our procurement process, and what 

20           we've been determining is where we can chunk 

21           up projects into smaller amounts -- so I'll 

22           give you an example.  We have a municipal 

23           sidewalk program where we reconstruct miles 

24           of sidewalks every year, and what we're 


                                                                   297

 1           finding is some of our smaller contractors, 

 2           including MWBE contractors, just aren't able 

 3           to take on the big chunks.  But going into 

 4           the next year, we're looking to break those 

 5           up into smaller -- and make them more 

 6           accessible.  

 7                  So I'm not sure if that's what you 

 8           were getting at, but that's an area where we 

 9           think that there's room for improvement, and 

10           we're working towards that.

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Understood.

12                  Go ahead.

13                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  Yeah, and 

14           we're working with several contractors, along 

15           with our Department of Public Works.  

16                  A lot of times some of the MWBEs might 

17           not meet thresholds or goals to have them 

18           included in bids, so we're trying to create 

19           some carveouts for some of those 

20           organizations to get their foot in the door 

21           so they can build and become permanent people 

22           who can build on these contracts.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Mayor Spano.

24                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  We just built a 


                                                                   298

 1           school and we monitor that very, very 

 2           closely.  We've stayed consistent with all of 

 3           our goals and we'll continue to do that.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Thank you.  Judge 

 5           Tolbert's a good friend of mine back in the 

 6           day.  I know you know Judge Tolbert very 

 7           well.

 8                  I'm sorry, Mayor, I apologize.

 9                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  No, I was 

10           going to say the same in Rochester.  

11           Absolutely, those are very important things.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Thank you.  I 

13           just -- infrastructure's going to be key.  I 

14           think especially for the smaller 

15           municipalities or the smaller cities, we've 

16           got to make sure that your electrical systems 

17           are upgraded, transmission lines, sewer, 

18           power, lead and water pipes.  We've got to 

19           make sure we put a focus on it.  

20                  Thank you.

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

22           González-Rojas.

23                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Thank 

24           you.  If I can just turn this on.  There we 


                                                                   299

 1           go.

 2                  Thank you to all our mayors that are 

 3           here today.  And I want to first thank you 

 4           all for your incredible work on both refugee 

 5           resettlements and supporting our asylum 

 6           seekers.

 7                  I want to note for the record that a 

 8           majority of the people that have arrived here 

 9           are not illegal, they're not even 

10           undocumented.  They're here with legal status 

11           awaiting their asylee cases.  So thank you 

12           for welcoming them and ensuring that they're 

13           integrated into our communities.  I really 

14           appreciate your comments earlier.

15                  My question is for Mayor Evans.  I 

16           know in Rochester the Asthma and Allergy 

17           Foundation of America noted that Rochester 

18           jumped from 10th to 2nd in terms of the 

19           "Asthma Capital."  

20                  And I know that inhalers are often 

21           cost-prohibitive for families.  I actually 

22           have a bill that would eliminate that cost to 

23           consumers.  Last year in our budget we passed 

24           a bill that would eliminate the cost for 


                                                                   300

 1           insulin, and we're modeling my bill off of 

 2           that.  So it's something we were able to 

 3           include in the budget.

 4                  I'm curious if that's a proposal you 

 5           would support.  And I'm curious what -- why 

 6           do you think that asthma rates have increased 

 7           so much in your city?

 8                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Yeah, I think 

 9           in terms of the asthma rates and the 

10           increase, I think we don't know.  But I think 

11           there are some environmental factors that 

12           might be playing a role there, but I think we 

13           need to dig in deeper with that.

14                  But in terms of supporting a bill, we 

15           would absolutely support that because really 

16           that is a life-or-death device that someone 

17           needs to have with them.  If someone does not 

18           have that asthma pump when they need it, I 

19           mean, they won't be around long.

20                  So anything that we can do to lower 

21           barriers to people having access to that pump 

22           is something that we would be very, very 

23           supportive of.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Great.  


                                                                   301

 1           Thank you so much.

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  That is it?  Oh.

 3                  Well, Mayors, I want to thank you. 

 4           I'll just -- I don't have any real questions.  

 5           I want to congratulate you all on what you 

 6           do.  You have a job that I don't envy any of 

 7           you, as I know how difficult it is trying to, 

 8           you know, manage a large city.  And you have 

 9           I guess four of the largest -- five of the 

10           largest, I guess, cities not counting 

11           New York City.

12                  And Mr. Mayor Spano, I want to 

13           congratulate you on everything you've done.  

14           You've really turned the city around.  You 

15           had mentioned something in your testimony 

16           about former administrations that disavowed 

17           themselves of the children of the City of 

18           Yonkers, saying "They're not my children, 

19           they're their children.  Let the state take 

20           care of them."  And you flipped that around 

21           wonderfully, and that is changing.  And 

22           everything is moving in the right direction, 

23           and I can see it now.

24                  I do have a question, though, on 


                                                                   302

 1           charter schools.  I've asked this question of 

 2           different groups; I keep getting different 

 3           answers.  You all have charter schools in 

 4           your cities, I imagine.  And you only have 

 5           one or -- you have two?  Just one.  Okay.  

 6           Mount Vernon has two now, and it was really 

 7           killing them.

 8                  Anyway, when a parent puts their child 

 9           in a charter school and the charter school 

10           chooses not to educate that child, when the 

11           child originally goes, the district -- you -- 

12           pay the charter school whatever the tuition 

13           is, and then a month and a half later they 

14           say, This is a hard-to-teach child, it's a 

15           handicap -- whatever it is, we all know they 

16           cherry-pick -- and they send the child back, 

17           do they send the money back with that child 

18           or do they keep the money and send you back 

19           the kid?

20                  You can start wherever -- this is all 

21           of you --

22                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  I've heard this 

23           question before, so I kind of like cheated.  

24           We ask -- I'm sorry, what we do is we stop 


                                                                   303

 1           paying for that child.  So they get 

 2           incremental payments.  If that child's no 

 3           longer there, they don't get the money.  And 

 4           then the state does not reimburse us.

 5                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  You don't pay the 

 6           entire amount up front.  And I think some say 

 7           yes, they do --

 8                  (Overtalk.)

 9                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Right.  Again, 

10           we don't get reimbursed -- what I am saying, 

11           we don't get reimbursed either.  So we don't 

12           get reimbursed from New York State, we stop 

13           paying the charter. 

14                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  And is that true 

15           for all of you?

16                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Well, I'm not 

17           sure in terms of Rochester.  I spent -- I got 

18           all my gray hair from spending time on the 

19           school board years ago, but I'm not sure 

20           if -- how it works with --

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  But is the 

22           Rochester School District a dependent 

23           district?

24                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Independent 


                                                                   304

 1           district.

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  It's independent?

 3                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Independent.

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  You have a separate 

 5           school tax?

 6                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  What was that?

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  You have a separate 

 8           school tax, you're not part of the Big 5 

 9           where the city pays all of the bills and --

10                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  Oh, yeah, we 

11           send $119.1 million to the school district 

12           every year.

13                  But in terms of charters taking money 

14           back and getting the dollars back from 

15           charters if a kid leaves a charter school to 

16           then go back to a district school, I'm not 

17           sure about the mechanism in terms of taking 

18           those dollars back or how that stops.

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.

20                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  In Buffalo I'm 

21           not certain how that plays out either.  

22           Again, if a child goes for a short period of 

23           time and then returns to the Buffalo Public 

24           Schools, I'm not sure if that money -- if 


                                                                   305

 1           we're paying up front or clawed back or what 

 2           that is.  If it's similar to Yonkers where 

 3           they're paying incrementally, I'm not certain 

 4           about it.

 5                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  So you don't know 

 6           whether that goes back either.

 7                  BUFFALO MAYOR SCANLON:  I do not.

 8                  SYRACUSE MAYOR WALSH:  I'll say in 

 9           Syracuse what you had indicated is what the 

10           Syracuse City School District suggests is the 

11           case in Syracuse, is at least for that school 

12           year, that money is not -- that funding is 

13           not recaptured.

14                  I don't know the specific mechanisms, 

15           but that is absolutely a concern that they 

16           consistently raise at the Syracuse City 

17           School District.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.  And 

19           Mayor Sheehan, I know you have an independent 

20           school district --

21                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  We have an 

22           independent school district.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  -- so you wouldn't 

24           be in charge of that.


                                                                   306

 1                  ALBANY MAYOR SHEEHAN:  No.  I mean, I 

 2           have heard that as well, and I know that 

 3           there -- you know, there are issues with 

 4           respect to the timing of those payments 

 5           within the school district.  But I can't give 

 6           you the specifics.  I can certainly get that 

 7           from our school superintendent, though.

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.  And since 

 9           we're on the subject of schools, my colleague 

10           Senator Krueger asked you all about the 

11           effects of that's happening in Washington, 

12           D.C., and none of you mentioned that the -- 

13           today, just today, the president did an 

14           executive order to shut down the education 

15           department, which means that there could be 

16           no money coming for education.  I don't know 

17           how this is going to work, but crazy things 

18           are happening.  

19                  But if the education goes down, I 

20           think the whole state's going to collapse.  

21           Because not only do the cities depend on 

22           money from the feds, but so does the state.  

23                  And, you know, block grant money, 

24           that's really small potatoes to your overall 


                                                                   307

 1           budget.  But I think so much else goes into 

 2           every community from the federal government, 

 3           whether you see it directly or not, whether 

 4           it's Medicaid or Medicare or road repairs, 

 5           education, money that goes to the police 

 6           department for equipment -- there's all kinds 

 7           of things that I think we're going to be 

 8           adversely affected with.  

 9                  And I don't know how we get out of it.  

10           I think, you know, the entire country can 

11           fold up under this, so ...

12                  But anyway, I don't want to start 

13           rambling because I'll start talking politics 

14           and there will be somebody --

15                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  If I might add, 

16           Assemblyman --

17                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  -- throw something 

18           at me.

19                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  If I might add, 

20           you know, so it was -- you know, there's 

21           going to be tariffs on China and Canada and 

22           Mexico where there were no tariffs.  And then 

23           there's going to be cuts to our federal aid 

24           and then there were no cuts.  


                                                                   308

 1                  So where we end up is, you know -- I 

 2           could lose -- I think we could all lose sleep 

 3           every single night on this thing.  So I think 

 4           for our -- for my constituency, I try to keep 

 5           the anxiety down by not showing too much 

 6           anxiety, even though inside it's kind of 

 7           tough, and try to -- and then advocate as 

 8           much as we can.  As soon as I knew those 

 9           federal cuts were coming, I made a list 

10           available to my congressional delegation and 

11           said, This is how it's going to affect us and 

12           how it's going to affect us in a big way.  

13           And I got to -- I was making sure that we 

14           were going to get to every one of those 

15           groups so that they could advocate on our 

16           behalf.  Then it was pulled.

17                  But we have to continue to do I think 

18           in order for us to see our way through this 

19           time --

20                  ROCHESTER MAYOR EVANS:  And with 

21           education, one of the big concerns is Title I 

22           I mean, this Title I dollars comes from the 

23           federal government to some of the most needy 

24           school districts.  So if you blew up the 


                                                                   309

 1           Education Department, the effect on 

 2           particularly high-needs districts like 

 3           Rochester and other ones around the state, 

 4           you know, I don't know how you would -- I 

 5           mean, a lot of -- most of the funds come from 

 6           the state.  But for programs like Title I, 

 7           school meals -- I mean, how would you make 

 8           that up?  Would it go somewhere else?

 9                  So I think --

10                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  It would be next to 

11           impossible to make up, I think.  I think the 

12           management style is to throw everything 

13           against the wall and see what sticks.

14                  YONKERS MAYOR SPANO:  Chair, we could 

15           never possibly make it up.  It's just -- it's 

16           not there.  We couldn't raise taxes to make 

17           it up.  It's just not there.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I think we can 

19           confiscate our federal income taxes and send 

20           them to the state and make us --

21                  (Laughter.)

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  I got accused of 

23           treason when I said that.  I'm just letting 

24           you know.  Be careful.


                                                                   310

 1                  (Laughter.)

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.  Well, as 

 3           we're hanging together here, we'll hang 

 4           together for treason, okay?

 5                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Fair enough.

 6                  (Laughter.)

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Anyway, I thank you 

 8           all.

 9                  Again, that concludes this section of 

10           the hearing, and I will call up Panel B.  As 

11           everyone has been admonished, if you want to 

12           speak to any of these mayors, please do so 

13           outside while the new panel is taking their 

14           seats.  

15                  Thank you very much.

16                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you very 

17           much.  

18                  (Off the record.)

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Yeah.  Thank you.

20                  Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.  

21           This is Panel B of our legislative hearing.  

22                  For the media, could you just all 

23           state your name and title before you start 

24           your testimony?  The clock won't start until 


                                                                   311

 1           you finish doing that.  Start at the left or 

 2           the right.

 3                  EXEC. DPY. COMPTROLLER BRINDISI:  I'm 

 4           Francesco Brindisi, executive deputy 

 5           comptroller for budget and finance.

 6                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  (Inaudible.)

 7                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Brad Lander, 

 8           New York City Comptroller.

 9                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Councilman 

10           Brannan, chair of the Council's Finance 

11           Committee.  I'm testifying on behalf of 

12           Speaker Adrienne Adams.

13                  MS. EDWARDS:  Tanisha Edwards, CFO and 

14           deputy chief of staff to New York City 

15           Council Speaker Adrienne Adams.

16                  MR. LEE:  Richard Lee, City Council 

17           Finance Director.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you all.

19                  So I guess, Comptroller, you'll go 

20           first.

21                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Thank you 

22           very much, Chair Pretlow, Chair Krueger, 

23           members of the Senate Finance and Assembly 

24           Ways and Means committees.  It's an honor to 


                                                                   312

 1           testify before you today.  I'm New York City 

 2           Comptroller Brad Lander.  Grateful for the 

 3           opportunity to discuss the New York State 

 4           Executive Budget for FY '26, and especially 

 5           of course its impact on New York City.

 6                  New York City is on a path of stable, 

 7           if moderate, economic growth -- although we 

 8           lag behind the U.S., and most of that growth 

 9           is concentrated in healthcare and social 

10           assistance.  Job growth is flat elsewhere.  

11           Tourism has rebounded to levels last seen 

12           more than five years ago, with both Broadway 

13           attendance and hotel occupancy back up to 

14           pre-pandemic highs.  That's the good news.  

15                  On the other hand -- and, Chair 

16           Pretlow, I really appreciate how you ended 

17           the last panel -- we face extremely serious 

18           new challenges and uncertainty stemming 

19           largely from Washington, with threats from 

20           Trump's tariffs, deportations, and especially 

21           federal freezes and cuts.  

22                  My office has been doing what we can 

23           to prepare for and respond to those 

24           challenges.  We've published several reports 


                                                                   313

 1           on what's at risk.  We're working with 

 2           nonprofit partners who are starting to face 

 3           lockouts from their federal funding sources.  

 4           But we need to be doing a lot more on this.  

 5                  And given that Mayor Adams is AWOL in 

 6           responding to the budget threats proposed by 

 7           Trump cuts and freezes, and that all of us, 

 8           including the mayors on the prior panel, 

 9           really face these threats at the state level, 

10           municipal level, and nonprofit service 

11           providers, I want to propose a joint 

12           city/state emergency task force to really 

13           evaluate the impacts in realtime, because if 

14           we do get locked out of our education 

15           funding, our school lunch funding, our public 

16           health funding, the risks are grave and we 

17           need a coordinated response.

18                  Attorney General James has stepped up 

19           in an encouraging way and brought the lawsuit 

20           to make sure we would not yet see that money 

21           frozen.  But we can't be reactive and on the 

22           fly, and that is where we are right now.

23                  Back to the key issues in this year's 

24           budget.  Affordability of course remains the 


                                                                   314

 1           most pressing and persistent issue for many 

 2           New Yorkers.  Childcare costs ballooning, 

 3           rents at historic highs, and the wages of 

 4           working and middle-class families just not 

 5           keeping pace.  

 6                  Governor Hochul's focus on these 

 7           issues in the Executive Budget is positive: 

 8           expanding the child tax credit, cutting taxes 

 9           for the middle class, launching the paid 

10           prenatal leave initiative, the BABY benefit, 

11           expanding tuition assistance at SUNY and 

12           CUNY -- and I hope the Legislature will build 

13           on those proposals.  

14                  Still, the crushing cost of childcare 

15           remains for so many families the most serious 

16           one.  While I was thrilled to see the 

17           Governor's support for putting New York on 

18           the path to universal childcare through 

19           presumptive eligibility, there is a lot more 

20           to do.  So I hope the Legislature will push 

21           more ambitiously to confront the scale of the 

22           childcare crisis to increase funding toward 

23           expanding universal childcare, per the 

24           New Yorkers United for Child Care campaign.  


                                                                   315

 1                  Another critical challenge facing 

 2           New York City is of course mental health and 

 3           homelessness, with horrific recent incidents 

 4           of violence causing attention to an 

 5           underlying crisis.  I support the Governor's 

 6           efforts, as well as legislation by 

 7           Senator Hoylman-Sigal and Assemblymember 

 8           Lasher to increase flexibility to connect 

 9           New Yorkers in crisis to involuntary care 

10           when necessary.  But we should be clear:  

11           involuntary commitment alone will not solve 

12           this crisis.  When people come out of 

13           hospitals and right back to the street, we 

14           must do better at connecting them to housing 

15           and services.  

16                  Last month I released a comprehensive 

17           plan to end street homelessness for people 

18           with serious mental illness.  For too long, 

19           our city has operated really on a 

20           housing-last model, whether people are coming 

21           out of hospital or coming out of Rikers, we 

22           don't connect them to supportive housing, 

23           even when we know they need it and we know 

24           they're eligible.


                                                                   316

 1                  One critical thing the state could do 

 2           is fund the Housing Access Voucher Program.  

 3           Half of those vouchers would be dedicated to 

 4           getting homeless families connected to 

 5           permanent housing.  New York City can fund 

 6           the services that wrap around.  That model 

 7           works 70 to 90 percent of the time.  

 8                  I think it's disappointing that all 

 9           the conversation is about involuntary 

10           hospitalization and none of the conversation 

11           is about the housing resources that are what 

12           are ultimately needed to help people get off 

13           the street and into stable housing and 

14           services.  So I hope you guys will better 

15           balance that conversation and help New York 

16           City where we urgently need it.  

17                  Transportation and safe streets are 

18           also at the heart of making New York City a 

19           safer and more livable city.  I thank the 

20           Governor and some folks like Senator Krueger 

21           who were strong allies in pushing for the 

22           congestion pricing program, which is having 

23           good success in its first month of operation.  

24           And data published by the MTA shows the 


                                                                   317

 1           program is already reducing traffic, speeding 

 2           up buses, and boosting transit.  

 3                  But of course there's much more to do.  

 4           The MTA must show New Yorkers that it is 

 5           actually spending that money -- gesundheit, 

 6           Assemblymember Epstein -- that it's spending 

 7           those resources effectively on signal 

 8           modernization, on elevators, on platform 

 9           barriers for safety, on new station gates. 

10           And of course there's work to do to fill the 

11           $35 billion in the capital plan in a way that 

12           doesn't put the burden unfairly on the 

13           taxpayers of the City of New York. 

14                  I heard some questions earlier on 

15           this, but the Legislature can help also to 

16           address the rise of e-bikes and mopeds, one 

17           of the most profound changes in New York's 

18           transportation landscape and one I hear about 

19           all the time.  I support the Governor's 

20           proposal to reclassify ultra-heavy Class 3 

21           e-bikes as mopeds, and hope also that the 

22           state will pass Senate Bill 7860 to double 

23           fines against retailers selling illegal 

24           mopeds.  


                                                                   318

 1                  I'm also a big fan of Senator 

 2           Gounardes's bill to hold dangerous drivers 

 3           accountable for reckless driving in new and 

 4           creative ways, including the speed limiters.  

 5                  And finally, at this grave moment, as 

 6           I started talking about, the city and the 

 7           state can and must come together to protect 

 8           New Yorkers in the wake of threats that we 

 9           all face together.  Budget risks that seemed 

10           hypothetical just a few weeks back now appear 

11           grave.  When the proposed federal freeze was 

12           rolled back, thanks in large part to the 

13           rapid legal action by our Attorney General 

14           Letitia James, with a state coalition of 

15           other attorneys general, it seemed like maybe 

16           that would be a brief reprieve.  

17                  But now it appears that control of the 

18           federal payment system has been granted to 

19           this non-agency DOGE, led by Elon Musk, and 

20           their potential risks of canceling payments, 

21           freezing payments, stalling payments that are 

22           what largely fund our schools, our public 

23           hospitals, our housing, our school lunch 

24           money proposes an equally serious or even 


                                                                   319

 1           greater risk to the budget of the state, the 

 2           budget of New York City and other cities, and 

 3           nonprofit human service and healthcare 

 4           providers.  

 5                  Yesterday we learned that Lutheran 

 6           Social Services has seen their federal money 

 7           frozen because one element of their 

 8           programming is to provide support to 

 9           immigrants.  

10                  Of course a lot of this will be 

11           rumors.  We won't know what's true unless we 

12           work together to diligently collect that 

13           information and be clear on what's actually 

14           going on.  And I really hope that that is 

15           what we'll do.  Our office has stepped up to 

16           do that as best we can, but we could use your 

17           help there.

18                  Oh, I missed my education section, 

19           sorry.  I'll do it quickly.

20                  We remain very grateful for the 

21           increase in Foundation Aid in recent years.  

22           At the same time, the Governor's revised 

23           Foundation Aid approach must be tailored 

24           further to make sure that schools can cover 


                                                                   320

 1           the real costs of a sound, basic education in 

 2           2025.  That means increased weights for 

 3           students in temporary housing, special 

 4           education and English language learners, and 

 5           a few other things as well.

 6                  You required by law that the 

 7           comptroller's office certify -- indicate 

 8           whether we can or can't certify that the 

 9           city's financial plan includes sufficient 

10           funding to comply with the state class size 

11           law.  And this year we sent you a letter a 

12           few weeks ago that we are unable to certify 

13           that.  We estimate that the operating expense 

14           gap ranges between 168 million and 

15           214 million next year, growing to 

16           1.28 billion by fiscal '28.  That's money 

17           that is not currently in the city's budget 

18           that is needed to comply with the class size 

19           law.

20                  Let's see.  I support the Governor's 

21           proposal also for getting cellphones out of 

22           our classrooms to address the distraction and 

23           mental health issues our students are facing. 

24           As I mentioned, I really like this idea of 


                                                                   321

 1           supporting CUNY students and SUNY students 

 2           who commit to be teachers or nurses or social 

 3           workers.  Love to see that age down, because 

 4           we have real gaps in the city, especially in 

 5           teachers and social workers.  And this seems 

 6           like a good model.

 7                  And let's see.  I have in my testimony 

 8           some things about climate change, but I'm 

 9           happy to do those in response to questions or 

10           talk to you about them further.  Senator 

11           Krueger, I really appreciated your comments 

12           about immigrants.  You know, before 1924, 

13           when our relatives came, there were no 

14           documentation requirements so of course folks 

15           were undocumented.  We've documented in 

16           New York City just how critical immigrants 

17           are to the thriving economy that we have -- 

18           something like $62 billion a year of economic 

19           value.  So we have a lot more to do to make 

20           sure we stand up and keep it the greatest 

21           immigrant city the world has ever known.  So 

22           I urge you to support the New York for All 

23           and Access to Representation acts.

24                  And as my time expires, I will just 


                                                                   322

 1           say one thing that boggled my mind in the 

 2           mayor's testimony was to hear him again say 

 3           this will be the year when he comes to you 

 4           with a proposal for property tax reform.  In 

 5           December of 2022, Councilmember Borelli, 

 6           Councilmember Riley and I went to him and he 

 7           promised --

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 

 9           Mr. Comptroller.

10                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Thank you 

11           very much, Chair.  I look forward to a 

12           question about property tax reform.

13                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

14                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Good 

15           afternoon, Chairs Krueger, Pretlow and 

16           Ranking Minority Member Ra and all members of 

17           the Senate Finance, Assembly Ways and Means, 

18           and Cities committees.

19                  I'm Councilmember Justin Brannan.  I'm 

20           chair of the council's Finance Committee.  

21           Thank you for providing me the opportunity to 

22           provide testimony on behalf of 

23           Speaker Adrienne Adams and the New York 

24           City Council related to Governor Kathy 


                                                                   323

 1           Hochul's Executive Budget for state fiscal 

 2           year '25-'26.

 3                  I also want to thank Senate 

 4           Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins and 

 5           Assembly Speaker Carl Heastie.

 6                  My oral testimony today will touch 

 7           upon several areas of priorities and the 

 8           impact of proposals in the Executive Budget 

 9           on New York City.  The full written testimony 

10           of Speaker Adams has been submitted and 

11           includes more complete, detailed priorities.

12                  Our governments share the goal to 

13           improve the lives of New Yorkers, and there 

14           are several impending challenges that require 

15           our strong partnership to confront, including 

16           the uncertainty from Washington, D.C.  One 

17           continuing area of concern is the shifting 

18           share of costs between the city and state for 

19           key programs and services.  Over the past few 

20           years, several state budget changes have 

21           shifted new costs onto the city.  The 

22           Governor's Executive Budget is proposing to 

23           permanently extend the city's increased 

24           contribution of 80 percent of the net 


                                                                   324

 1           paratransit operating expenses of the MTA.  

 2           This cost shift was scheduled to sunset this 

 3           year, and its extension would cost the city 

 4           $165 million annually.

 5                  The council urges the state to 

 6           maintain the initial intent of this change to 

 7           sunset, rather than making it permanent.

 8                  We also understand there is a 

 9           $33.5 billion gap in the MTA's capital plan 

10           which must be addressed, despite the 

11           increased capital commitment from the city.  

12           We urge the key state of good repair and ADA 

13           accessibility upgrades be preserved as you 

14           seek to close this funding gap.

15                  Additionally, the Governor is 

16           proposing to discontinue the state's ICP 

17           payments to New York City's public hospitals.  

18           This action would reduce payments to our 

19           hospital system by $56.7 million annually, 

20           which would negatively impact its ability to 

21           provide healthcare services to those who are 

22           most in need.  We urge the state to reverse 

23           course and continue the state's ICP payments 

24           to our city's public hospitals.


                                                                   325

 1                  On the issue of Medicaid, the council 

 2           requests the state to reverse its recent 

 3           policy that takes localities' savings from 

 4           the FMAP, the Federal Medicaid Assistance 

 5           Percentage, which started in 2024.  These 

 6           funds had previously been left with 

 7           respective local governments, and New York 

 8           City had the greatest portion of this funding 

 9           due to its population.  Each year this costs 

10           the city $343 million lost to the state.

11                  Finally, given the significant 

12           increase in homelessness within the city and 

13           across the state, we urge the state to lift 

14           the cap on its contribution to adult shelter 

15           costs and increase its support for sheltering 

16           homeless individuals.  The state contributes 

17           approximately $172 million to the city, which 

18           is less than 5 percent of the budget for the 

19           city's Department of Homeless Services, and 

20           we need greater support.

21                  There are several other priorities for 

22           the city within the state budget which can 

23           help support our success and continued 

24           strength as a contributing economic engine of 


                                                                   326

 1           the state.  

 2                  It is our government's responsibility 

 3           to provide all students with access to a 

 4           high-quality education.  Our students are 

 5           still struggling to recover from historic 

 6           levels of learning loss caused by the 

 7           pandemic.  The Governor's proposed Executive 

 8           Budget aligns with many of the city's 

 9           priorities, including universal free 

10           breakfast and lunch that New York City has 

11           been implementing for years, and an expansion 

12           of early college credit opportunities for 

13           high school students.  There are additional 

14           challenges required to help meet the 

15           educational needs of the city's children and 

16           families.

17                  Governor Hochul's proposed changes to 

18           the Foundation Aid formula provide an initial 

19           start to its improvement.  We share the 

20           belief that the Foundation Aid formula must 

21           be updated, but the currently proposed 

22           changes are incomplete and would result in 

23           New York City schools missing out on an 

24           additional $350 million it would have 


                                                                   327

 1           received under the current Foundation Aid 

 2           formula.

 3                  We support the proposed replacement of 

 4           the free and reduced-price lunch variable 

 5           with a funding weight that considers a 

 6           broader group of students who are 

 7           economically disadvantaged.  

 8                  However, we urge other changes by the 

 9           Governor and the State Legislature to ensure 

10           the Foundation Aid formula is updated in a 

11           way that accurately captures the significant 

12           needs of New York City students.  These 

13           include replacing the outdated unsuccessful 

14           school district model as the base of the 

15           formula, updating the regional cost index to 

16           account for cost differences in different 

17           parts of the state, adding weights for 

18           students in temporary housing and foster 

19           care, students with disabilities, English 

20           language learners, and using differentiated 

21           weights for different concentrations of 

22           poverty in communities.

23                  Another priority for this council is 

24           supporting our city's early childhood 


                                                                   328

 1           education system, which is critical to the 

 2           development of our youngest New Yorkers and 

 3           the stability and future of our workforce.  

 4           The prohibitive cost of childcare is 

 5           impacting our local economy and forcing 

 6           working families to leave our state.  Early 

 7           childhood education is one of the best 

 8           investments we can make to support working 

 9           families, our economy and the future of 

10           New York.  

11                  State education funding that flows to 

12           the city largely does not include funds for 

13           children enrolled in 3-K and pre-K programs.  

14           While the state contributes a portion of the 

15           cost of pre-K through a separate funding 

16           stream, this amount has not changed since 

17           FY 2019, and the city has been paying for 3-K 

18           almost entirely on its own since the 

19           expiration of federal stimulus funds at the 

20           end of FY '24.  

21                  The council urges the state to 

22           increase its commitment towards early 

23           childhood education to protect our city's 3-K 

24           program that working families depend on and 


                                                                   329

 1           to better support pre-K.

 2                  New York City, like the nation, is in 

 3           the midst of maternal and mental health 

 4           crises that require investments into 

 5           solutions at a greater scale.  Governor 

 6           Hochul and the State Legislature have made 

 7           these issues a priority, and the council 

 8           wants to continue collaborating with our 

 9           state partners to address the gaps in care.

10                  New York City needs approximately 

11           500 forensic psychiatric beds to serve those 

12           in need of services who are not currently 

13           receiving them and left in the city's jail 

14           system that is ill equipped to serve them.  

15           The de facto use of jails for New Yorkers 

16           with mental health issues is exacerbating our 

17           city's mental health crisis, and we need the 

18           state's support to expand access to mental 

19           health courts programming, mobile response 

20           teams, and other important solutions.

21                  While significant focus has been 

22           placed on responding to challenges in the 

23           subway system -- which is necessary -- more 

24           attention is needed on the underlying 


                                                                   330

 1           problems that lead to these issues.  A 

 2           concerted effort by the state and city to 

 3           increase access to a more holistic set of 

 4           mental health programs is critical.

 5                  Finally, the issue of affordable 

 6           housing remains a top priority for the health 

 7           of our city.  The council urges the state to 

 8           fulfill its commitment to advance the work of 

 9           a Mitchell-Lama action group envisioned by 

10           the council to focus on addressing 

11           developments' billions of dollars in deferred 

12           maintenance and capital improvements.  

13                  We also cannot forget about the needs 

14           of NYCHA, which has nearly $80 billion of 

15           capital repair needs.  The state should work 

16           collaboratively with the city and NYCHA to 

17           unlock the over $500 million that's remaining 

18           in the state funding that's yet to be spent 

19           to address critical outstanding maintenance 

20           issues.

21                  We know that the changes in the 

22           federal government can have an outsized 

23           negative impact on our state and city that 

24           will require increased support and stronger 


                                                                   331

 1           collaboration to protect New Yorkers, whether 

 2           through affordable housing, immigrant legal 

 3           services, public health or public transit.

 4                  Thank you for allowing me to testify 

 5           today on behalf of the New York City Council.  

 6           We look forward to continuing our work, with 

 7           you as our partners, to advance a budget that 

 8           supports equitably everyone across our city 

 9           and state.  

10                  Thank you.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

12                  Assemblyman Jones.

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Yes, thank you for 

14           being here.

15                  I'm going to go back to an earlier 

16           question that I asked the mayor.  As you 

17           know, we appropriated $2.4 billion in last 

18           year's budget to pay for -- to help with the 

19           migrant crisis in New York City.  So the 

20           understanding that I got from the mayor or 

21           his staff was that that money has all been 

22           spent, but we have just not -- they have not 

23           been -- I'm a little confused there.  They 

24           have not been reimbursed for it?  I didn't 


                                                                   332

 1           quite get the answer on that.

 2                  And number two, I would ask about a 

 3           lot of the services were contracted out, 

 4           probably most, through vendors, various 

 5           vendors.  You being the comptroller, do you 

 6           approve those vendors?  And how does that 

 7           process go?

 8                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Thank you, 

 9           Assemblymember Jones.  

10                  And I actually share a lot of your 

11           frustration here, and we listened to some of 

12           that answer earlier and we've actually just 

13           tried to chart out what City Hall said we 

14           were going to spend and what we did spend, 

15           which shifted dramatically over time.  

16                  You know, I do hope the Legislature 

17           will still allocate some additional money to 

18           New York City, because we are going to spend 

19           money next year on shelter and services for 

20           asylum seekers.  But I don't blame you for 

21           feeling like you don't have clear answers 

22           from City Hall about how much has actually 

23           been spent.  Last year we actually wound up 

24           writing down nearly a half-billion dollars we 


                                                                   333

 1           claimed had been spent in the prior year on 

 2           asylum seekers and then couldn't fully 

 3           document where those services have gone.

 4                  I'll give you one example.  So 

 5           unfortunately, you know, we have called over 

 6           and over again for that to be done through 

 7           RFPs that are transparent, but instead it's 

 8           almost all been done through no-bid emergency 

 9           contracts -- the largest of them, a 

10           $432 million contract to a company called 

11           DocGo that had no experience providing 

12           shelter or services for asylum seekers.  

13                  We tried to block that contract when 

14           the mayor moved forward with it over our 

15           objection.  We made clear we were going to 

16           audit it from the very get-go.  When we put 

17           that audit forward, they could not document 

18           about 80 percent of the invoices -- you know, 

19           the costs that we had paid to the vendor.  

20                  That one we got canceled, and actually 

21           a chunk of it got transferred to the Jewish 

22           Family Services of Western New York, who are 

23           doing a much better job with outcomes and 

24           reporting.


                                                                   334

 1                  So we're working hard to provide all 

 2           that documentation, such as we can.  I 

 3           understand the Legislature's frustration with 

 4           clarity about New York City.  So give us more 

 5           conditions.  Require documentation.  Require 

 6           outcomes.  Require bidding on the contracts.  

 7           All of which we should be doing.  But please 

 8           keep providing the money because we are going 

 9           to spend a lot of it next year, and getting 

10           30 percent of it from the -- 36 percent of it 

11           from the state is an important --

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Is it accurate to 

13           say that the money's been spent but the state 

14           hasn't reimbursed the city for that yet, all 

15           that 2.4 billion?  Just asking for a friend.

16                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I mean, it's 

17           a hard question to answer because -- well, 

18           Francesco?

19                  EXEC. DPY. COMPTROLLER BRINDISI:  So 

20           we heard of those numbers.  It's a little 

21           complicated for us to understand where the 

22           agencies are in terms of spending.  And where 

23           they are in terms of billing the state and 

24           how the reimbursement is playing out.


                                                                   335

 1                  There are a lot of still outstanding 

 2           spending that was booked as part of, you 

 3           know, fiscal year '23 and '24 that, for 

 4           instance, has not yet reached the H+H, as an 

 5           example.

 6                  So it's something that we're -- you 

 7           know, additional transparency from the mayor 

 8           would really be crucial.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Do you approve 

10           those contracts, Mr. Comptroller?

11                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  At the very 

12           beginning of the burst of asylum seekers --

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  I'm -- I'm --

14                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  No, no, no, 

15           I'm trying to give you a clear --

16                  (Unintelligible overtalk.)

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  I'm as far away 

18           from New York City as you can get, so this is 

19           why I'm asking the question.

20                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  No, it's a 

21           good question.  I really do share your 

22           frustration here.

23                  So at the beginning of the burst of 

24           asylum seekers in the summer of 2022, we 


                                                                   336

 1           authorized emergency procurement because so 

 2           many people were coming and we said you can 

 3           suspend traditional bidding processes.  And 

 4           we revoked that a year later because they -- 

 5           we didn't feel they were -- we felt like they 

 6           were abusing it.  So for that first year a 

 7           lot of emergency contracts were approved that 

 8           we had green-lighted.

 9                  Now, you know, we did reject that 

10           DocGo contract and we were able to get that 

11           one canceled.  We have rejected several 

12           others.  But in a lot of cases for shelters, 

13           for example, they'll go ahead and sign the 

14           contracts, start operating the shelter, and 

15           the contract only gets to us for registration 

16           six, eight or 10 months later after it's 

17           already in operation -- you know, when our 

18           registering it or not registering it is 

19           essentially moot.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay, thank you.

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator John Liu.

23                  SENATOR LIU:  Thank you, Madam Chair.

24                  Welcome, 45.


                                                                   337

 1                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Good to see 

 2           you, 43.

 3                  SENATOR LIU:  And 46?

 4                  (Laughter; inaudible comments.)

 5                  SENATOR LIU:  I'm not going to say 

 6           anything any further.  But you know what, I'm 

 7           going to ask the both of our illustrious 

 8           officials here, our Comptroller and our 

 9           Finance chair, on behalf of the Speaker.  

10                  You know, last year I thought the city 

11           took a pretty dangerous if not simply 

12           inadvisable precedent of dipping into TFA 

13           financing, which from the get-go was only 

14           supposed to be for real bad emergencies.  

15           Like the near-bankruptcy of the city in the 

16           '70s, and 9/11.  But last year, you know, the 

17           city took on a significant amount of 

18           additional debt or potential debt, and now 

19           this year they want yet another $3 billion 

20           of, again, what was supposed to be a 

21           true-emergency financing source.

22                  So my two questions are, number one, 

23           how close are we to the statutory debt 

24           ceiling based on the property tax revenues?  


                                                                   338

 1           And number two, you both testified that you 

 2           are in favor of granting another $3 billion 

 3           financing proposal.  On what basis?  Okay --

 4                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I did not -- 

 5           we have not supported the additional 

 6           $3 billion request.

 7                  SENATOR LIU:  Okay.  So my question to 

 8           you, Comptroller Lander, is do you support 

 9           the administration's -- the mayoral 

10           administration's request for an additional 

11           $3 billion financing under TFA?  

12                  And for our Finance chair, why do you 

13           support it?

14                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  So I'm going 

15           to turn this over -- Francesco has done the 

16           deepest dive of anyone on the city's debt 

17           capacity.  

18                  And, you know, at this time we are not 

19           supporting the additional $3 billion 

20           increase.  It seems pretty clear that a deal 

21           was just made that the city would agree to 

22           put $3 billion into the MTA if a $3 billion 

23           increase in the debt capacity was limited.  

24           We have analyzed that in the future we may 


                                                                   339

 1           get close to the debt capacity limit or we 

 2           may get close to the 15 percent in annual 

 3           spending on debt service, neither of which we 

 4           can do.  But at this moment we have some 

 5           room.

 6                  SENATOR LIU:  Well, let's give 

 7           Councilman Brannan some room.

 8                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  We supported 

 9           it last year.  The 3 billion was provided 

10           because we were increasing our commitment to 

11           the MTA capital by 3 billion.  

12                  I think I'd use this opportunity to 

13           make a plug for property tax reform because I 

14           think that would certainly help.  New York 

15           City's debt limit is 10 percent of the city's 

16           total market value, so reform would certainly 

17           help address our debt limit.  

18                  But I think we're in good shape now.  

19           And I don't think we -- I don't think we need 

20           it this time.

21                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

22                  Assembly.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

24                  Assemblyman Brown.


                                                                   340

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you, 

 2           Chairman.

 3                  Thank you for being here, Comptroller.  

 4           Just to springboard off of what my colleague 

 5           Assemblyman Jones was asking, how was the 

 6           New York City program to distribute debit 

 7           cards to the migrants stopped in November 

 8           2024?  What was the reason?

 9                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I mean, 

10           that's a decision that the mayor and the 

11           administration made.  We never saw an 

12           evaluation of that program.

13                  The idea was that it would save money, 

14           that by spending -- giving people the ability 

15           to actually control their spending, we would 

16           do less than we were spending on large 

17           contracts.  We thought that was an 

18           interesting idea, but we have not seen an 

19           evaluation to know whether it worked or 

20           didn't work.  

21                  That contract also should have been 

22           bid out because it's an interesting idea, but 

23           if you bid it out you would have gotten 

24           competitive proposals.


                                                                   341

 1  3               ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  So what you're 

 2           saying is the comptroller's office didn't 

 3           approve or pull the program back in any which 

 4           way, shape or form?  They didn't bring it 

 5           before you, they just did it and bypassed the 

 6           comptroller's office?

 7                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  When they 

 8           started that program we granted prior 

 9           authorization for emergency procurement for 

10           them to do it.  But when they ended it, they 

11           didn't need to come to us for approval to end 

12           it.

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Did the 

14           Department of Investigation probe into this 

15           program that led to its shutdown?

16                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I don't know.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Did Tim 

18           Pearson have any role in selecting this 

19           contract, to your --

20                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  (Shaking 

21           head.)  I don't know the answer -- 

22                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  No idea, okay.

23                  New York State continues to say that 

24           they're going to reimburse New York City 


                                                                   342

 1           $4.3 billion for New York City immigrant 

 2           programs such as shelter, National Guard, 

 3           legal services, so on and so forth.  How 

 4           much -- my colleague was asking how much has 

 5           been reimbursed so far.

 6                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  (Shaking 

 7           head.)  I don't know the answer to that.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  No idea?

 9                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  (Shaking 

10           head.)

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  You're the 

12           comptroller's office.  Who else can I ask but 

13           the comptroller's office?

14                  The reason why I bring this up is some 

15           of my esteemed colleagues -- and we're all 

16           friends, whether we agree or disagree.  I 

17           take a little umbrage to the point of, well, 

18           these migrants and this issue is the same.  

19           My family -- my mother and grandmother 

20           escaped the Holocaust.  They came in through 

21           Ellis Island.  They did it the right way.  I 

22           don't think the comparison is the same with 

23           what's happening now.  

24                  And the fact that New York City is 


                                                                   343

 1           spending monies that they don't have.  And 

 2           not able to know how we've been even 

 3           reimbursed, I have to ask the comptroller:  

 4           Why don't you know?  I say that with respect 

 5           to you.  Why don't you know?  You're the 

 6           comptroller.

 7                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  And I 

 8           appreciate the question.  I just think two 

 9           different things are true.  I mean, on the 

10           one hand the Adams administration has 

11           mismanaged many of these contracts.  And the 

12           fact that they can't provide you or me 

13           clarity about what they have submitted for 

14           reimbursement and been reimbursed on is a 

15           reasonable, you know, area of frustration.

16                  At the same time, we have spent a good 

17           deal more than 2.4 or 2.5 billion dollars on 

18           shelter and services for asylum seekers -- 

19           not nearly as effectively as we should.  We 

20           haven't tracked outcomes, who are getting 

21           jobs, who are moving out of shelters into 

22           stable housing.  

23                  But I do believe providing that is 

24           a -- keeping people from sleeping on the 


                                                                   344

 1           streets to me is a commitment New York City 

 2           makes.  And so many of these people want to 

 3           work that if we can help them get work 

 4           authorization and connect to jobs, they'll be 

 5           contributing to our economy.  And I do think 

 6           that is a wise thing to do.  

 7                  But you have to do it effectively, and 

 8           it's appropriate for the Legislature to say 

 9           to City Hall:  We're only going to reimburse 

10           you if you show us what you spent and what 

11           the outcomes were.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  As we can see, 

13           that actually didn't happen.  Most of them 

14           didn't contribute in the ways you're saying.  

15           I'm not saying they're bad people, but they 

16           obviously didn't for a number of reasons we 

17           can go into.

18                  But you're saying you're not part of 

19           the Adams administration?  I know you're 

20           voted in independently.  But you're saying 

21           you're completely devoid of that 

22           administration, is that what you just 

23           mentioned?

24                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I mean, the 


                                                                   345

 1           comptroller's an independently elected 

 2           office.  I'm a proud member of New York City 

 3           government, but I am not part of the Adams 

 4           administration.

 5                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Okay.  Thank 

 6           you, and thank you all for being here.

 7                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Thank you.

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  (Mic off.)

 9                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Thank you, Madam 

10           Chair.  

11                  And it is good to see you.  Thanks for 

12           coming.

13                  Mr. Comptroller -- and my colleagues 

14           from the Assembly had asked this question.  

15           There seems to be some confusion between what 

16           we may have heard earlier from the testimony 

17           of the Adams administration, from the mayor 

18           specifically, and then on the counting of the 

19           monies being spent allocated by Albany in 

20           this year's budget.  There does not seem to 

21           be a dedicated funding stream like there has 

22           been in the past.

23                  So with the confusion people become 

24           skeptical, of course.  We do too.  You sound 


                                                                   346

 1           like you may be also -- I'm not putting words 

 2           in your mouth, of course.

 3                  So when it comes -- obviously the 

 4           money seems to be cloudy on what has been 

 5           spent in the city so far on the services for 

 6           migrants and what would be reimbursed, who is 

 7           actually tracking that.  And that's a 

 8           question too that we should have here at the 

 9           state level.  But what about like the 

10           numbers, right?  We've heard that the numbers 

11           have dropped, which is a good thing.  Who is 

12           tracking that?  

13                  So in other words, if you have money 

14           that's allocated but may not have been drawn 

15           down, based on the numbers that are under the 

16           care of New York City, who looks at that and 

17           who verifies those numbers to make sure that 

18           those are accurate to go against the bottom 

19           line and what the state provided?

20                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  So the 

21           mayor's Office of Asylum Seeker Operations is 

22           who's tracking those numbers.  They give them 

23           to us on a -- on a weekly basis.  We actually 

24           put them out.  We're the only ones putting 


                                                                   347

 1           them out publicly in our monthly report.  We 

 2           are largely relying on the numbers that they 

 3           give us.  

 4                  They did -- there was a place where 

 5           they were substantially underreporting and 

 6           they -- you know, we went back and forth with 

 7           them.  That got corrected.  We provided the 

 8           correction to the public.

 9                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Because I think I 

10           heard today 46,000 may have been the number 

11           that was used, you know, currently under 

12           care.  Obviously well under 100,000 or 

13           whatever the number was at the peak.

14                  But I guess it goes to how -- and you 

15           only have certain responsibilities, and I 

16           understand that, of course.  How would the 

17           general public feel or be able to feel better 

18           that those are the numbers, those numbers are 

19           right, this is the amount of money that needs 

20           to be allocated and/or spent?  Is there a 

21           better way, or are we just sort of stuck in 

22           your responsibilities based on your 

23           jurisdiction within that arena?

24                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Well, look, I 


                                                                   348

 1           think this could actually be a very good 

 2           opportunity for the Legislature.  We are -- 

 3           New York City in the next fiscal year is 

 4           going to spend, you know, my guess is order 

 5           of magnitude two and a half billion dollars 

 6           on shelter and services for asylum seekers.  

 7           The principle that a third of that should 

 8           come from the state seems very reasonable to 

 9           me, and I think it would be reasonable that 

10           it be half.  But let's say a third.

11                  But to demand more accountability 

12           before you would dispose of it -- let me 

13           know, like what numbers you would be 

14           interested to see, what outcomes you would be 

15           interested to see.  Not just it got spent on 

16           shelter and food, but how many people got 

17           work authorizations, got jobs, moved -- you 

18           know, moved out of shelter.  That would be 

19           great to provide the aid, but condition it.

20                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Thank you.

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

22                  Assemblyman Dais.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Good morning.  Or 

24           afternoon, I am so sorry.


                                                                   349

 1                  As you said in your answers here, you 

 2           know, you are a separately elected official.  

 3           You're the comptroller, chairman of the 

 4           Finance, so please answer questions in that 

 5           narrow aspect, right?  Not -- you know, I say 

 6           that because it's easy to say, oh, the mayor 

 7           could do this.  I want to know what you guys 

 8           can do.  

 9                  So, one, construction infrastructure I 

10           care deeply about, getting New York City 

11           where we need to go.  We've been doing 

12           reviews of alternative delivery, you know, 

13           design-build.  What can you do from your 

14           capacity to make sure our construction and 

15           infrastructure projects are being on time and 

16           we're doing good financial analysis of our 

17           projects?

18                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  This happens 

19           to be a passion of both Chair Brannan and 

20           mine.  As a long-time {inaudible} I allocated 

21           a lot of money in the council, and we're 

22           frustrated with how long it took and went 

23           over budget.

24                  I got this through legislation, 


                                                                   350

 1           created a capital projects tracking system 

 2           exactly for this.  That's part of what led me 

 3           last year to support the alternative 

 4           delivery, and I'm grateful that the 

 5           Legislature provided the city with a little 

 6           additional running room on progressive 

 7           design-build and alternative delivery.  And 

 8           we plan to do some oversight to see how 

 9           effectively those tools are being utilized.  

10                  I invite people to check out the 

11           city's capital projects tracker.  This is an 

12           area where we can do better to save money and 

13           improve on the timeliness of city capital 

14           projects.  And you are right that it is 

15           critical.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Thank you.

17                  Chairman?

18                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  

19           Assemblymember, I would say I think there's a 

20           lot of silos in our government and we could 

21           do a lot better with sharing of best 

22           practices.  There's some departments, some 

23           agencies in our city that do a great job at 

24           this stuff, and some that don't.  And why 


                                                                   351

 1           they're not speaking to each other is a 

 2           mechanism of bureaucracy that we need to 

 3           really shatter through.

 4                  Certainly working with DDC with 

 5           design-build, I'd like to see that across the 

 6           board.  I'd love to see that for really more 

 7           Parks Department projects, for more DOT 

 8           projects.  You know, if School Construction 

 9           Authority can build a school, you know, in a 

10           year, then why can't everybody else?  Why 

11           does it take four years to build a 

12           playground?

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Agreed.

14                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  All these 

15           agencies are getting better.  You know, I 

16           sometimes joke with my parents that I hope 

17           the playground is built by the time their kid 

18           is off to Yale.  But it's -- I'm barely 

19           kidding, as these things take so long.

20                  I think transparency and 

21           accountability help because it helps push it 

22           along.  But I think there needs to be more 

23           sharing of best practices.  Because some 

24           agencies are getting this right.


                                                                   352

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  I apologize, 

 2           because I only have 37 seconds.  Another big 

 3           issue in the Bronx -- outside of we have too 

 4           many shelters and too much supportive housing 

 5           projects -- payments towards childcare 

 6           programs have been extremely delayed.  Some 

 7           of our nonprofits are possibly going under.

 8                  What can we do, briefly, to help 

 9           expedite that?

10                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I'll look 

11           forward to sending you the report we did on 

12           what could speed up procurement in New York 

13           City.  We actually have our annual contracts 

14           report coming out this week.  You know, our 

15           office, we have a deadline, the charter 

16           mandates that the comptroller register 

17           contracts within 30 days.  We're the only one 

18           with a time limit.  I have called for all the 

19           other agencies to have a time limit as well.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Thank you.  Let's 

21           talk more about it.

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

23                  Senator?

24                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.


                                                                   353

 1                  Senator Roxanne Persaud.

 2                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  Thank you.  

 3                  Great seeing both -- all of you.

 4                  My question is to both of you, 

 5           following up on what you said.  What specific 

 6           ideas would you both have to remove the silos 

 7           and to improve transparency and collaboration 

 8           across agencies?  How do you improve it?

 9                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  I've been 

10           surprised; there are just some agencies that 

11           are doing things better than others.  And 

12           it's perplexing that city government's been 

13           around for a little while now and we haven't 

14           been able to all get in a room and figure 

15           this out.

16                  I think we're getting better.  I 

17           think, you know, when it comes to even what 

18           the Assemblymember mentioned with nonprofit 

19           payments, there are some agencies that, you 

20           know, nonprofits get paid on time.  And 

21           there's others that it just -- these guys 

22           wait forever.

23                  We would let you know -- and the 

24           council has implemented a task force, you 


                                                                   354

 1           know, to work with our early childhood 

 2           providers to figure out -- you know, to get 

 3           everybody in a room and figure out what's 

 4           working, what's not working.  I think we need 

 5           to do more of that.  

 6                  But ultimately we need a dance partner 

 7           across the hall at City Hall.  Right?  Again, 

 8           going back to payments delayed, you know, 

 9           when the mayor was first elected he cleared 

10           out -- working with the comptroller's office, 

11           they cleared out like five, $6 billion of 

12           payments right away.  It's clear that that 

13           can be done.  The comptroller's office does 

14           it.  But the cursor is blinking on the 

15           mayor's side, and there needs to be -- we 

16           have too much government ADD, where they 

17           focus on it for 10 minutes and then they go 

18           on to something else.  You have to stay 

19           focused on that.  Because if you can do it 

20           right once --

21                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  If I could just cut 

22           you a second, because I want to get the 

23           comptroller's answer.

24                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Yeah, I'm 


                                                                   355

 1           sorry.

 2                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  Because I want you 

 3           to give me a specific way that you would 

 4           change that.  

 5                  You know, we know that there's lots of 

 6           bureaucracy.  How do we break it down, and 

 7           what specifically would you implement to 

 8           change it, the way it's currently being done?  

 9           Both of you. 

10                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Yeah, I mean, 

11           I'll give you one example.  And it goes to 

12           this issue of street homelessness for people 

13           with serious mental illness.

14                  We did an audit of the city's 

15           intensive mobile treatment program, and what 

16           we found was they stopped tracking recidivism 

17           because Department of Correction wouldn't 

18           give Department of Health and Mental Hygiene 

19           the numbers.  Like when we say people are 

20           falling through the cracks, this was like 

21           literally.  

22                  And, you know, what it will take is 

23           City Hall saying, We have a shared goal here, 

24           we want a by-name list of the --


                                                                   356

 1                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  So you would create 

 2           a system to integrate all of their 

 3           information so they are sharing everything --

 4                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  An 

 5           outcomes-based system.  The goal in this case 

 6           is to get people off the street and into 

 7           stable housing and services, reduce 

 8           recidivism, increase public safety, and not 

 9           keep people in all their silos, knowing how 

10           many days they had a person in this or that 

11           program.

12                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  I think 

13           that's right.  I think it goes back to 

14           sharing of best practices.  But legislating 

15           it or making -- you know, more than just task 

16           force, right?  It's got to be done across the 

17           board.

18                  But again, it needs the buy-in from 

19           the executive's side, right?  And it needs 

20           that because we can only do so much on our 

21           side of City Hall, and we do.  But ultimately 

22           we need buy-in from the mayor.

23                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  Okay, thank you 

24           both.


                                                                   357

 1                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Thank you.

 2                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 3                  Assembly.

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

 5           Jackson.

 6                  (Laughter.)

 7                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Hello, 

 8           Comptroller.  I want to say thank you for all 

 9           the audits and reports that we've been 

10           receiving via email in realtime.

11                  How do you decide what city agencies 

12           you're going to audit?  My office did have a 

13           meeting with your office, we talked about 

14           ACS, child support, different things.  Some 

15           of the data was maybe six years old, things 

16           like that.  

17                  So how do you decide what order you're 

18           going to audit city agencies?

19                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Great 

20           question.  So the charter assigns us the 

21           responsibility to audit every city agency at 

22           least once every four years.  That's really 

23           the charter mandate.  

24                  And beyond that, it's up to us where 


                                                                   358

 1           we -- so we get tips from people who say, 

 2           Look at this program or this contract, we 

 3           think there's waste there.  Sometimes we 

 4           invite people in.  So I created a NYCHA 

 5           resident audit committee and surveyed a 

 6           thousand NYCHA residents to say, What do you 

 7           want us to audit?  And that led to the two 

 8           most recent NYCHA audits.  

 9                  We just released one at ACS where we 

10           really focused on abuse and neglect, because 

11           that seemed like the, you know, highest 

12           priority.  And we welcome feedback.

13                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  So it goes 

14           from the charter and then to what people may 

15           recommend to your office?

16                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  And what -- 

17           yeah, where we get tips, what people 

18           recommend, you know, what we think is 

19           important.  Sometimes we'll follow up an 

20           audit that was done previously.

21                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  So then I'll 

22           do a check-in about some other things I want 

23           to see an audit --

24                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Great.  We 


                                                                   359

 1           love feedback ideas.  Honestly, yeah, that's 

 2           how we get our best --

 3                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  And though I 

 4           love to see you, Chair Brannan, where is our 

 5           Speaker Adrienne Adams?  Why is she not here?

 6                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  She had other 

 7           events back in the district that she had to 

 8           go back to.

 9                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  More important 

10           than us?  No.  Okay.

11                  (Laughter.)

12                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  So just 

13           thinking about 3-K, how much do you think the 

14           state should invest in the city 3-K program?  

15           And Early Intervention, which is just as 

16           important.

17                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  So currently 

18           right now the state is not earmarking any 

19           money specifically for 3-K.  Right?  And 

20           since 2019, for pre-K the state has stayed 

21           flat at about $551 million a year.  So it's 

22           Tin Cup Day, and we're here to ask for -- you 

23           know, we'll take whatever you can give us, 

24           basically.  But we need a lot.


                                                                   360

 1                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Need a lot.

 2                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Well, let's 

 3           have a statewide 3-K program.  I mean, this 

 4           is not New York City asking New York State 

 5           for money, these are New Yorkers saying let's 

 6           have 3-K provided statewide, including in 

 7           New York City.

 8                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Gotcha. 

 9                  And then on the Mitchell-Lama part and 

10           this Mitchell-Lama Action Group, we already 

11           know that the Mitchell-Lamas are suffering.  

12           They need capital money.  They need support.  

13           Why do we need an action group to tell us 

14           that we need money?  We need it.  Like what 

15           is the point of this?

16                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  We agree.  A 

17           lot of it comes from some of the 

18           jurisdictional sort of, you know, untangling 

19           all of that between city and state.

20                  But a lot of it too comes down to we 

21           want to keep public housing public.  And I 

22           think making sure that we've got the right 

23           stakeholders in the room to figure out what's 

24           needed most is important to us.  I 


                                                                   361

 1           understand, I want to just see the thing get 

 2           done.  I don't need another task force.

 3                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Is there a 

 4           fiscal responsibility to this group, or no?

 5                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  No.

 6                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN JACKSON:  Okay.  Thank 

 7           you.

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?

 9                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

10                  Senator Sanders.

11                  SENATOR SANDERS:  Thank you.  Thank 

12           you.  Good afternoon, all.  Good afternoon.  

13           When I heard you were here, I rushed down.

14                  As you probably know, I have been 

15           working on the issues of MWBE for one or two 

16           minutes, one or two years.  And there is a 

17           role that the comptroller and the banks, that 

18           you can do.  And I'm trying to find out your 

19           ideas of how are we going to increase MWBE 

20           participation.  And I know that you have -- 

21           Mr. City Comptroller, you have done an 

22           amazing report.  But one of the best ways of 

23           increasing participation is to use the 

24           banking system that works with them, yet 


                                                                   362

 1           neither the city nor the state does 

 2           significant monies to the minority banks.

 3                  I'll stop there and see if you have 

 4           any ideas on how to make it better.

 5                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Well, first 

 6           let me just say how proud I am of what we've 

 7           done with the main resource we have, which is 

 8           investment managers for our pension funds.  

 9                  The assets under management of the 

10           New York City pension funds to Black, Latino, 

11           Asian and women managers has grown 36 percent 

12           during my tenure, from $17 billion to 

13           $23 billion.  And those managers outperform 

14           their benchmarks by 5 percent.  So we are, 

15           you know, diversifying the managers in our 

16           portfolio and achieving great returns as a 

17           result.  Last year we saved taxpayers 

18           $1.8 billion.  

19                  And Black asset managers are the 

20           largest portion of that, and we can get you 

21           all the details.  We've really made great 

22           strides during my tenure.

23                  Banking is harder because there was 

24           the court ruling against the city's 


                                                                   363

 1           Responsible Banking Act, which has 

 2           constrained our capacities to put 

 3           requirements on the places we deposit our 

 4           money.  You know, we would love to find 

 5           opportunities to sort of support a wider 

 6           array of credit unions and minority-owned 

 7           banks, and hopefully we can find some ways to 

 8           work together, you and I and the State 

 9           Comptroller, and if we need to come to the 

10           Legislature for additional legislative 

11           flexibility. 

12                  And our annual MWBE report for city 

13           contracting is coming out in the next couple 

14           of weeks.

15                  SENATOR SANDERS:  I eagerly await it.

16                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Senator, 

17           thank you for the question.

18                  I would say the -- I think City Hall 

19           has set laudable goals for MWBEs, but I think 

20           obviously there's still a lot of challenges 

21           that these folks are facing.  I'd like to see 

22           the creation of a fund to help close that 

23           wealth and -- the capital and credit gap for 

24           the MWBEs, which would be an interesting 


                                                                   364

 1           idea.  But the council does not have any 

 2           official position except we need to do more.

 3                  SENATOR SANDERS:  Well, I'm looking 

 4           forward to speaking with you more.

 5                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Right on.  

 6           Thank you.

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 8                  Assemblyman Epstein.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Thank you.  

10                  Thank you all for being here today.

11                  I just want to talk more about kind of 

12           this mental health crisis we have in the 

13           city.  And I know the mayor earlier said that 

14           they're doing -- I just don't feel like we're 

15           doing enough.  Like why are we not putting 

16           more supportive housing beds online?  What's 

17           the comptroller -- you know, from the 

18           council, what's -- why are -- where's the 

19           gap?  

20                  And then I want to talk, if we can, 

21           another minute on kind of Rikers discharging.

22                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Well, I'll 

23           get to one thing that actually really 

24           connects the dots between those.  Because 


                                                                   365

 1           Mayor Adams came into office with a plan for 

 2           360 outposted therapeutic beds to be at H+H 

 3           facilities for people who are in DOC custody 

 4           but need hospitalization, either for mental 

 5           health or physical health.

 6                  And for two years they stalled that 

 7           and didn't move forward on it.  There was a 

 8           fight between H+H and Correction and it 

 9           didn't go anywhere.  Finally the ones at 

10           Bellevue are underway, the first hundred, but 

11           they're -- not one single one of them is 

12           open.  And the Lippman Commission recommends 

13           another 1500 of those as part of the plan --

14                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  So, Brad, why 

15           are we not doing it?  Why are we not doing 

16           it?

17                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I mean, a 

18           failure of mayoral leadership on those 360 

19           outposted beds.  It's really as simple as 

20           that.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  And Justin, just 

22           on the council side, what role are you 

23           playing to make sure this happens?

24                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  I mean, in 


                                                                   366

 1           our budget priorities this year for the 

 2           state, we support the Governor's proposal to 

 3           create the 100 new forensic inpatient 

 4           psychiatric beds in New York City.  But we 

 5           need at least 500.  And that's going to be 

 6           part of our -- that is -- those are part of 

 7           our priorities this year.

 8                  You know, we've been pushing for a 

 9           holistic approach since day one, of proven -- 

10           you know, from trauma recovery centers -- 

11           which is very important to Speaker Adams.  

12           Over the last three years we've established 

13           the first trauma recovery centers in the 

14           state.  It works.  So I think we need to 

15           invest in what's working.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Yeah, and I 

17           also -- I mean, this Rikers example of this 

18           guy who killed two people in my district, 

19           Ramon Rivera, you know, went to Rikers, 

20           serious mental health issues.  Rikers 

21           releases him just to the Bellevue men's 

22           shelter in my district.  He gets no support.  

23           He goes missing, and we don't do anything 

24           about it.  And we are surprised, a month 


                                                                   367

 1           later, after being released, that he kills 

 2           three New Yorkers.

 3                  And that's why people are feeling 

 4           unsafe.  So where's our requirement to make 

 5           sure there's real discharge planning from 

 6           Rikers to make sure that people, when they're 

 7           coming back to our community, have the 

 8           support that they need without falling 

 9           through the system again?

10                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I mean, in 

11           this report that I mentioned, Safer for All, 

12           we look specifically at these BradH 

13           requirements.  When someone with serious 

14           mental illness is at Rikers and released, 

15           we're obligated to see whether they're 

16           eligible for supportive housing, and yet 

17           we're not obligated to get them supportive 

18           housing even if they're eligible.  And so 

19           it's fewer than 15 percent of people who need 

20           supportive housing that get it, and most of 

21           the rest wind up right back on the street and 

22           can in some cases become a danger to others, 

23           just like what happened in your district.

24                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  The council 


                                                                   368

 1           has increased discretionary funding for -- by 

 2           $2 million for discharge programs.  So we're 

 3           doing everything we can.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN EPSTEIN:  Right.  Thank 

 5           you both.

 6                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 7                  Senator?

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Hi.  I think 

 9           we're up to me.  I usually like to bat 

10           cleanup so that all the good questions have 

11           been taken already.

12                  So both of you, thank you so much for 

13           your testimony and for your commitment to the 

14           city.  I'm so glad to see you both, the City 

15           Council and the Comptroller, talking about 

16           getting it right when it comes to homeless 

17           mentally ill people who can be a danger to 

18           themselves and others.  

19                  And again, both of you highlighting we 

20           already pick people up.  We take them to 

21           emergency rooms.  They're let out the side 

22           door at the end of the day, and we've 

23           accomplished nothing.  And that we need the 

24           beds.  And tomorrow will be the mental health 


                                                                   369

 1           day, and that's going to be a lot of 

 2           discussion.

 3                  I wanted to point out I really 

 4           appreciate your proposal that you put out 

 5           separately, Comptroller, and look forward to 

 6           working with you on that.  

 7                  And then the City Council, you 

 8           highlighted an important different issue 

 9           that's parallel.  You talk about the need for 

10           forensic beds, which is not necessarily for 

11           people who are on the streets and mentally 

12           ill, but people who have actually been put in 

13           Rikers and a court has determined they are 

14           not fit to stand trial.  So the state has an 

15           obligation to place them in an appropriate 

16           setting until they are fit to stand trial.

17                  But you estimate we need 500 beds.  Is 

18           that based on what you see as New York City's 

19           projected number?

20                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Yes.  Yes.

21                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Because, one, 

22           that's actually sort of shocking that's so 

23           large.  And two, I'm not sure that the 

24           Governor's proposal -- it talks about FTEs 


                                                                   370

 1           for more people for state psychiatric 

 2           hospitals, which I'm sure they need, but I 

 3           appreciate New York City is saying, We alone 

 4           would need 500 of these forensic beds.

 5                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  Correct.

 6                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Because I don't 

 7           think anybody's thinking about that.

 8                  I also appreciate that the council is 

 9           talking about questioning why the mayor wants 

10           to extend the REAP and the RACE tax breaks.  

11           Because for years, I haven't thought we 

12           needed it anymore.  And it actually skews the 

13           economics of where businesses set up within 

14           the City of New York.  I often talk about, I 

15           don't know, sort of races to the bottom 

16           between counties or states, and then we have 

17           boroughs set up to have races to the bottom.

18                  So I know where you are.  I'm just 

19           curious, Comptroller, do you also share that 

20           opinion about these tax credits, tax 

21           exemptions?

22                  EXEC. DPY. COMPTROLLER BRINDISI:  

23           These type of tax breaks are -- in other 

24           places are called enterprise zones or 


                                                                   371

 1           something like that.  They have -- research 

 2           has shown they do not really generate any 

 3           significant amount of economic activity.

 4                  And I do believe the City Council 

 5           studied this in the past through IBO and 

 6           reached a similar conclusion.

 7                  Lower Manhattan REAP is not -- is 

 8           expiring, but there is the creation of this 

 9           new RACE pilot program that is limited in 

10           amount and time.  And, you know, these are 

11           just tax breaks that are factored into 

12           prices, eventually, and that just, you know, 

13           increase land prices typically.

14                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Francesco 

15           represents the comptroller's office on 

16           several of the EDC subsidiaries and is 

17           frequently the only one to vote no on 

18           granting a break to a building or an 

19           applicant.  So we have a higher bar of 

20           scrutiny for what we think we should be 

21           providing.

22                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  

23           Assemblymember Bores brought to my attention 

24           the REAP renewal, and I -- we didn't even -- 


                                                                   372

 1           we never asked for that.  I don't know -- the 

 2           mayor obviously stuck it in there or got it 

 3           put in there, but we didn't ask for that.

 4                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay, thank you.  

 5           That's very helpful.

 6                  So it's sort of amazing because it's 

 7           this late in the day and nobody seemed to 

 8           bring up the potential impact on the City of 

 9           New York of all the cuts we expect from the 

10           federal government on sustainability, on 

11           environmental protections, on energy costs.  

12           And even this Governor did not move forward 

13           with the cap-and-expend regulations that law 

14           requires, that I sincerely expected we would 

15           see at least 4 billion new revenue which 

16           would have to go towards these things.  Which 

17           also impacts the city. 

18                  So I'm interested in both of your 

19           perspectives on where you think we're going 

20           or what's going to be happening.  Because the 

21           city has an enormous sustainability set of 

22           goals, and it has to.  People forget, we're 

23           like floating out there on the water.  Some 

24           of us are on islands.


                                                                   373

 1                  So what does this all mean from your 

 2           perspectives?

 3                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  I really 

 4           appreciate your leadership here.  I mean, to 

 5           watch Los Angeles burning and then kind of 

 6           just forget it and turn our attention to this 

 7           federal chaos.  

 8                  And, you know, the administration is 

 9           likely to eliminate the Inflation Reduction 

10           Act.  We actually helped with an application 

11           to the Solar for All program with NYSERDA 

12           that would be 3,000 rooftop solar panels in 

13           New York City -- create a ton of good jobs, 

14           help lower costs for low- and moderate-income 

15           homeowners, very likely to be eliminated.  

16           And there's so many things like that.

17                  So first I share, you know, your point 

18           of view that the Governor's decision to end 

19           the -- pause the cap-and-invest program is a 

20           mistake.  I'm glad for the commitment of a 

21           billion dollars over five years to climate 

22           initiatives, but that is not a replacement 

23           for cap-and-invest.  I hope that you'll 

24           support the New York HEAT program to reduce 


                                                                   374

 1           energy costs, the expansion of the New York 

 2           residential solar tax credit, and the TEMP 

 3           Act to protect workers from extreme heat.

 4                  But cities and states are going to 

 5           have to step up over the next four years and 

 6           do more.  So the Superfund Act is a great 

 7           step forward.  Our public solar proposal I 

 8           think can be a model for cities around the 

 9           country for what you can do without federal 

10           funding.  But yeah, the climate crisis is not 

11           coming, it's already here.  And, you know, 

12           what we saw in Los Angeles, what we've seen 

13           here, we just have to do more to get ready.

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And Justin, I'll 

15           expand the question for you, because the 

16           City Council had already passed its own laws 

17           about electric buildings and had targets that 

18           are even earlier than the state's laws.

19                  With all these other changes, what 

20           does that mean from your perspective for the 

21           city being able to meet its targets?

22                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  I think 

23           we're -- I think part of the concern right 

24           now is that we're on our own to do a deep 


                                                                   375

 1           dive into all of this stuff, because I don't 

 2           see any -- I don't see any appetite or any 

 3           urgency on the mayor's side to figure out 

 4           what all these cuts would mean.

 5                  The DEP alone, the Department of 

 6           Environmental Protection, we'd see about a 

 7           $35 million cut.  But we also saw, you know, 

 8           back towards the end of last year when 

 9           Prospect Park was on fire and we had a 

10           November budget mod where the mayor could 

11           have put in some more money for our 

12           Parks Department, and he gave us nothing.

13                  So it's very, very concerning and it's 

14           something that we're probably going to spend 

15           the next couple of months, as we're 

16           negotiating this budget, figuring what the 

17           impacts would be.

18                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And I guess 

19           just -- I don't want to take up the whole 

20           10 minutes, but I want to applaud you for the 

21           proposal for an emergency task force to look 

22           at all these issues between the city and 

23           state.  Because it's almost an endless list 

24           of things we might have to confront.  And as 


                                                                   376

 1           a state legislator, frankly, I don't have my 

 2           arms around all the hypotheticals that could 

 3           be coming down at us.  And I don't think 

 4           anyone else does.  

 5                  But I do think it's critical we all 

 6           keep working together and actually understand 

 7           and explain to the public if Washington does 

 8           X, we will need to respond -- the cities, the 

 9           states, the counties -- and we're going to 

10           need a model to work quickly and deftly -- 

11           deftly?  That's not the right word -- to try 

12           to come up with responses.  Other than my 

13           good friend Gary Pretlow's proposal we just 

14           stop sending money to Washington, and then 

15           we'll have plenty for everyone.  

16                  (Laughter.)

17                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And I don't think 

18           it's a terrible idea, but he and I will be 

19           going to prison for treason, and your 

20           emergency task force will be even more 

21           important.

22                  So I really do think -- you know, I'm 

23           never not so big -- that big on like, Oh, 

24           start another commission, start another task 


                                                                   377

 1           force.  But I actually think on these topics, 

 2           you know, that this is critical and that the 

 3           state is coordinating with our local 

 4           governments and with the biggest local 

 5           government we have, our City Council and our 

 6           comptroller and our mayor, so that we can 

 7           come up with the best possible ideas.  

 8           Because I suspect we'll all be talking about 

 9           this far more frequently than once a year at 

10           budget hearings.

11                  So I thank you very much for being 

12           here, and I think I am the last Senator.  

13           Right?  Okay, so Assembly.

14                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

15           González-Rojas.

16                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Thank 

17           you so much.  I always appreciate the way you 

18           say my name, Chair.

19                  (Laughter.)

20                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Thank 

21           you.  My question is for Comptroller Lander.  

22           Thank you for all your work.  

23                  We didn't speak too much on healthcare 

24           today despite some mental health 


                                                                   378

 1           conversations, but I do want to address the 

 2           fact that in 2019 Governor Cuomo reduced the 

 3           amount of funds that go to New York City 

 4           through the Article VI funding, which is, you 

 5           know, invest in our mandatory healthcare that 

 6           we're required to provide to all New Yorkers.  

 7           And all the counties across the state get 

 8           36 percent of coverage, and New York City 

 9           only gets 20 percent.

10                  Can you talk about what that 

11           implication is to New York City?  

12                  I'd love to hear from you as well, 

13           Chair Brannan, on the impact on budgeting and 

14           how to address some of the gaps that we're 

15           facing in our health system.

16                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Yeah, I mean, 

17           you're exactly right about how much less 

18           New York City gets and has gotten since that 

19           change during the Cuomo administration.  

20                  I don't know if we know what it would 

21           be -- 60 million annually.

22                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Sixty 

23           million.

24                  NYC COUNCILMAN BRANNAN:  


                                                                   379

 1           Assemblywoman, we agree with you.  I think 

 2           since 2019 we've been not getting $60 million 

 3           a year for something as critical as that.  

 4           So, you know, that is another -- well, I 

 5           think one of our biggest concerns that we're 

 6           speaking about today for the council is the 

 7           cost shifts that -- the cost shifts in the 

 8           past were manageable but with the increasing 

 9           uncertainty from Washington, something like 

10           this is just not going to be manageable.  And 

11           this is not something that we can afford to 

12           just cut.

13                  And that's what exacerbates 

14           everything.  Close to -- if you round off, 

15           10 percent of our city's budget is from 

16           federal funding.  That's a very, very scary 

17           place for us to be in.  Where, you know, 

18           something like Article VI in the past, we 

19           absorbed it, now I don't know what we'd be 

20           able to -- you know, it's really scary.

21                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  I know.  

22           I'd certainly be advocating for more equity 

23           in this budget.

24                  Back to Comptroller Lander, I 


                                                                   380

 1           represent NYCHA Woodside Houses.  I recently 

 2           had to go look at a rat situation there.  I 

 3           know your office issued a report on the 

 4           privatization of NYCHA and the outcome of 

 5           RAD.  Can you talk about, in the last 

 6           30 seconds, the impact of RAD on public 

 7           housing residents in New York City?

 8                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Yeah, so we 

 9           did this audit of what eviction rates are in 

10           RAD/PACT developments and found that they're 

11           about five times traditional Section 9.  

12           Still, I mean, they're very, very low in 

13           traditional NYCHA, so five times that is 

14           still low, but significantly higher.  And 

15           quite different in different RAD/PACT 

16           developments.  

17                  So we made a series of recommendations 

18           for better oversight.  And I really think 

19           NYCHA residents should have a vote on the 

20           future of their homes, whether that's the 

21           trust, Section 9 or RAD/PACT, which they 

22           don't now have.

23                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  Okay.  

24           Thank you.


                                                                   381

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

 2           Simon.

 3                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  Hi.  Good 

 4           afternoon.  Good to see you both up here, and 

 5           the rest of you as well.

 6                  I have a very quick question for you, 

 7           Comptroller Lander.  I know you put out this 

 8           large report on homelessness and housing 

 9           first.  I wanted to know who was your -- who 

10           gave you expert advice on the involuntary 

11           commitment issues and psych?

12                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  We talked to 

13           a lot, yes.  I mean, I'd love to follow up.  

14           We talked to a lot of people about that, some 

15           clinicians --

16                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  Like who?

17                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Hmm?

18                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  Like who?

19                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Well, we 

20           talked to some H+H -- I can get all the whole 

21           list for you from Celeste Hornbach, who led 

22           on the report, and Nadia {ph} herself, who is 

23           a former mental health worker.  

24                  But, you know, we talked to H+H 


                                                                   382

 1           clinicians, to some psychiatric nurse 

 2           practitioners.  I could get you the list of 

 3           individuals as we talked about it --

 4                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  I'd love to see 

 5           a list of who you've spoken with.  Thank you.

 6                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Happy to do 

 7           that, yeah.  And good luck in your chairing 

 8           on this challenging initiative this year.

 9                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  Thank you.

10                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I will say 

11           the flexibility that we think is warranted, 

12           as we described in the report, is not as 

13           expansive as what, for example, the mayor has 

14           proposed.  It's about some additional 

15           flexibility on who can recommend and what is 

16           looked at in making the determination.

17                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  So just to share 

18           my concern that the use of the language like 

19           "flexibility" really minimizes the incredible 

20           deprivation of liberty that an involuntary 

21           commitment constitutes.  And I'm a little 

22           concerned that everybody's become an armchair 

23           psychiatrist.  So --

24                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Let me be 


                                                                   383

 1           more specific, then, because I mean in the 

 2           time of my testimony I just said that --

 3                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  I wouldn't use 

 4           the word "strengthen" either.  It's 

 5           expanding.

 6                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  The 

 7           flexibility that I specifically believe is 

 8           warranted is to allow psychiatric nurse 

 9           practitioners to be one of the two clinicians 

10           that assesses whether a person should be 

11           involuntarily committed, and that there 

12           should be a requirement to look at somebody's 

13           whole history rather than just the most 

14           recent incident.  

15                  Obviously other people might mean 

16           something much more expansive by that, and I 

17           appreciate your advice to be more precise in 

18           my language.

19                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  I'd be happy to 

20           give you much more advice later on.  Thank 

21           you.

22                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  I look 

23           forward to it.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SIMON:  I only have 


                                                                   384

 1           three minutes here, so okay.  

 2                  (Laughter.)

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Is that it?

 4                  Well, Mr. Comptroller, I didn't want 

 5           to open up a door for you, but it's something 

 6           you had started earlier that I thought was -- 

 7           I'm curious about.  Where is New York City in 

 8           relation to its maximum taxing ability?

 9                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  In 

10           relationship to its maximum taxing ability?

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Yeah.  Like -- like 

12           cities have a capacity, a taxing capacity as 

13           to how much you -- how much taxes you can 

14           raise, what percentage of total property 

15           value.  My assumption is that New York City's 

16           nowhere near its maximum, but I'm asking you.

17                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Well, so -- 

18           yeah, Francesco looks like he has a more 

19           precise answer to this question.  

20                  I think the challenge for us is that 

21           what the city can raise is its property tax 

22           rate, and the property tax system is so 

23           inequitable and random and erratic currently 

24           that it's not politically practical to do.  


                                                                   385

 1           And that until we have comprehensive property 

 2           tax reform that would make it fair and 

 3           rational, you can't appropriately adjust it.  

 4           And that's why we need the mayor to come to 

 5           the Legislature with a comprehensive and 

 6           rational proposal for comprehensive property 

 7           tax reform.

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  You'll probably say 

 9           you need a reval, and then classify various 

10           properties in different classes because 

11           they'll be taxed at a different rate.

12                  You know, the city that I represent 

13           hasn't done a reval since 1890, I believe.  

14           And the theory is is that the people who are 

15           hurt are your best voters, your seniors and 

16           whatever.  Because, you know, it's usually a 

17           third of the individuals, taxes go up; a 

18           third, people's taxes go down; and a third 

19           stay the same.  You know, the ones that go up 

20           are usually the older residents, been in 

21           their homes the longest, and are your senior 

22           citizens who can least afford an increase.  

23           So that's what the conundrum is.  

24                  Now, I represent a block in 


                                                                   386

 1           Westchester that is part of a block in the 

 2           Bronx.  It's called 5th Avenue in Mount 

 3           Vernon, and it's 233rd Street I think in the 

 4           Bronx.  And half of the block is 

 5           Mount Vernon, half of the block is the Bronx.  

 6           Carl has one-half, I have the other half.  

 7           The taxes on Carl's half are $4,000 a year, 

 8           and the taxes on my half are $14,000 a year.  

 9           Same house, same block, same neighborhood, 

10           same everything, but there's a $10,000 a year 

11           difference in taxes.

12                  I think that New York City can fix all 

13           of its problems if it did something about the 

14           extremely low taxes in some cases.  But 

15           that's why I wanted to know what the capacity 

16           was, how much you had in --

17                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  So, I mean, 

18           I'm in a neighborhood which is significantly 

19           undertaxed.  I'm in a home which is 

20           significantly undertaxed.  And I've come to 

21           the Legislature before with a model for 

22           adjustment.  

23                  Of course you have to protect your 

24           seniors and people on fixed income.  You can 


                                                                   387

 1           do deferral until sale or reset on sale.  

 2           There are a set of ways to protect people and 

 3           to achieve a more equitable system.  And I'm 

 4           a big supporter of it.

 5                  And Francesco, did you want to give 

 6           a -- so, I mean, I agree with you that 

 7           there's more -- you know, if we had an 

 8           equitable system there's a lot more we could 

 9           do.  My neighbors and I should pay more in 

10           property taxes.  We are undertaxed relative 

11           to the values of our homes.  But you have to 

12           do it carefully so that you protect seniors 

13           and people on fixed incomes.  

14                  And it has to be fair.  People have to 

15           understand that everyone is paying 1 percent 

16           of the value of their homes in property 

17           taxes.  Which is about where we would be -- I 

18           know that 2 percent is the cap in other 

19           jurisdictions.  We're, on average, a little 

20           below 1.  Having everyone at 1 would be a lot 

21           fairer than where we are and would give us an 

22           opportunity over time.  You know, I think 

23           even with a value-neutral readjustment we 

24           would be in a lot better place than we are 


                                                                   388

 1           now, and with something that would allow us 

 2           room for growth in the future.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Great.  Thank you 

 4           very much.  Panel, thank you.

 5                  NYC COMPTROLLER LANDER:  Thank you, 

 6           Chairman.

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Appreciate your 

 8           testimony.

 9                  We're now calling Panel C.

10                  (Off the record.)

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Good afternoon, 

12           everyone.  

13                  For the record, could you just state 

14           your names and titles for the media?  And 

15           then we'll start -- we're going to do ladies 

16           first?  However you guys want to start. 

17                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Good afternoon, 

18           everyone.  I am Barbara Van Epps.  I am the 

19           executive director of the New York State 

20           Conference of Mayors.  

21                  Chairpersons Pretlow and Krueger and 

22           other distinguished members, I just want 

23           to -- 

24                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I just want to -- 


                                                                   389

 1           I'm sorry, I just want to do the 

 2           introductions, and then you can -- just do 

 3           the introductions so they'll know who to put 

 4           up on the board.  

 5                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Oh, I'm sorry.

 6                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  And then you can 

 7           start your testimony.

 8                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I'm sorry.

 9                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.  That's okay.

10                  MR. KOETZLE:  Hi, I'm Chris Koetzle.  

11           I'm the executive director of the Association 

12           of Towns of New York State.

13                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Good afternoon.  I'm 

14           Steven Acquario, the executive director of 

15           the New York State Association of Counties.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Welcome all.

17                  Okay, go right back to -- 

18                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Round two.  

19                  Chairpersons Pretlow and Krueger and 

20           other distinguished members of the Senate and 

21           the Assembly, thank you for allowing me, on 

22           behalf of the 576 members, city and village 

23           members of the New York State Conference of 

24           Mayors, to express our views regarding the 


                                                                   390

 1           '25-'26 Executive Budget.

 2                  First, I have to extend my sincere 

 3           gratitude on behalf of our entire membership 

 4           for your willingness to provide cities and 

 5           villages and the towns with our first 

 6           increase in unrestricted aid in 15 years as 

 7           part of the current year's state budget.  I 

 8           just had 200 of my members in town over the 

 9           last couple of days, and they clearly believe 

10           that this has renewed their faith in the 

11           possibility of a true state-local 

12           partnership.

13                  So we really very much appreciate 

14           that, and I think that's very important to 

15           send that message to our members.  

16                  We deeply appreciate your willingness 

17           to invest in the strength and the vitality of 

18           our local communities.  But at the same time, 

19           while they were in town, I also heard from 

20           the mayors from our bigger cities to our 

21           smallest villages say that they still need 

22           more support.  After 15 years of stagnant 

23           funding, 50 million, while very helpful, is 

24           simply not enough to address the short- and 


                                                                   391

 1           long-term challenges they are facing.  We are 

 2           hopeful that we can build upon your 

 3           generosity, this momentum, and your 

 4           acknowledgment that local governments really 

 5           are important -- and the fact that we really 

 6           want to partner with you to make this state 

 7           more affordable and safe.  

 8                  So we're hoping we can count on you to 

 9           look at the aid formula, to look at 

10           unrestricted aid, and possibly tie it to an 

11           inflationary index so we can get dependable 

12           increases on an ongoing basis moving forward.

13                  With respect to transportation 

14           funding, we were very pleased that the 

15           Executive Budget maintains CHIPS funding and 

16           the other ancillary transportation programs 

17           at the current-year levels.  However, we also 

18           heard from our members that annual local 

19           highway infrastructure needs continue to far 

20           outpace the resources that are currently 

21           available.

22                  Given the rising costs of labor and 

23           materials, combined with the extreme weather 

24           events we are facing here in New York State, 


                                                                   392

 1           this situation is creating a perfect storm 

 2           for the deterioration of our roads, bridges 

 3           and highways.  Without additional support, we 

 4           risk further damage to this critical 

 5           infrastructure, putting both safety and 

 6           effectiveness at risk.

 7                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Barbara, I just 

 8           need to hold you off -- one second.

 9                  Were you told three minutes each?  

10           What were you told when you signed up to 

11           testify?  You were told 10?  Okay.

12                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I'm watching my time, 

13           but -- 

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  No, no, they gave 

15           you 10, and I was just double checking.

16                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Yes.  Yes, they did.

17                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay.  Then 

18           please keep going, and I'm sorry for the 

19           interruption.  There was a little confusion 

20           up here.

21                  MS. VAN EPPS:  While we're talking 

22           about transportation, however, I need to make 

23           a plug for the 37 cities who are part of the 

24           state's arterial maintenance program, where 


                                                                   393

 1           these cities maintain the state arterials 

 2           that pass through their cities.  

 3                  They are being reimbursed in 1987 

 4           rates -- which, as you can only imagine, is 

 5           well below what it is costing them to do this 

 6           job.  A proposed inflationary adjustment from 

 7           85 cents per square yard to $2.47 would cost 

 8           the state $20 million and would be a huge 

 9           benefit to both the state and those cities.

10                  With respect to water and sewer 

11           infrastructure, you have heard me talk about 

12           this before.  Something that NYCOM has been 

13           focusing on for several years is the SWAP 

14           program, or what we refer to as CHIPS for 

15           water and sewer.  While we certainly support 

16           the Clean Water Infrastructure Act and the 

17           money that the state has allocated, including 

18           the 500 million that the Governor added this 

19           year, we hear time and time again from our 

20           members that accessing this funding is 

21           difficult and also sometimes expensive. 

22                  And it's not available for the 

23           upgrades or preventative maintenance that 

24           they need for day-to-day operations, it's 


                                                                   394

 1           more available to those large-scale capital 

 2           programs.  This is why we have long supported 

 3           establishing an annual funding stream that 

 4           can be used by all cities and villages to 

 5           supplement both their water and sewer 

 6           infrastructure with preventative maintenance 

 7           and the undertaking of smaller capital 

 8           projects where they don't need that 

 9           significant grant money.

10                  Let me be clear, we are not suggesting 

11           that you do away with the grants.  What we 

12           want is to use the backlog from that grant 

13           money that has not yet gone out the door to 

14           supplement the grants, and this shift in 

15           resources would help ensure that large-scale 

16           capital projects continue to be funded but 

17           the day-to-day operational needs are also 

18           met.

19                  In terms of emergency medical 

20           services, this is another area our members 

21           are very concerned about.   This crisis, 

22           which is statewide, has been exacerbated by a 

23           shortage of personnel, insufficient financial 

24           resources, and a lack of data to accurately 


                                                                   395

 1           pinpoint the areas where the greatest 

 2           challenges lie or the gaps in service.  

 3                  We support the Governor's program to 

 4           designate EMS as an essential service.  We 

 5           are also open to a more regional approach to 

 6           EMS.  But however we go about this, whether 

 7           it's regionally or otherwise, we have to have 

 8           input and decision-making by all levels of 

 9           local government, and we must ensure our home 

10           rule is preserved in the process.

11                  With respect to housing, which I know 

12           you heard a lot about from the big cities 

13           today, we are happy to see that the 

14           Governor's continuing to focus on an approach 

15           that focuses on the carrots instead of the 

16           sticks, with things like state funding 

17           infrastructure, the expansion of housing tax 

18           credits, the revolving loan fund, all things 

19           that we support.

20                  We also appreciate the fact that 

21           there's interest in providing technical 

22           assistance to those communities that want to 

23           become Pro-Housing certified.  We think this 

24           is important.  We support that, and we know 


                                                                   396

 1           some of our communities have had trouble with 

 2           that process.

 3                  We want to also just thank the 

 4           Legislature and the Governor for coming 

 5           together on the short-term rental legislation 

 6           that you agreed upon and will soon be 

 7           effective.  We think it is going to provide 

 8           our members with the data they need to 

 9           understand the scope of the short-term 

10           rentals and the impacts on housing.

11                  In terms of workforce challenges, 

12           NYCOM supports the Executive Budget's 

13           proposals to amend the Civil Service Law by 

14           eliminating mandatory maximum age limits for 

15           police officers in cities, villages, towns 

16           and counties.  However, this is one small 

17           step in addressing the broader shortage of 

18           qualified workers that municipalities across 

19           the state are facing.  

20                  More needs to be done.  We've talked 

21           about this earlier today:  Reforming Civil 

22           Service Law, raising the cap on earnings for 

23           public-sector employees, looking at residency 

24           requirements and things of that nature.


                                                                   397

 1                  And finally, and I know you've heard 

 2           this earlier today from all of our big-city 

 3           members, we want to quickly mention the 

 4           consternation among our membership about 

 5           what's happening at the federal level and 

 6           what's happening in D.C.  When we discussed 

 7           it at our meeting this was not a partisan 

 8           issue, but genuine concern over the loss of 

 9           federal funding and what the impacts will be 

10           on our communities and their residents.  

11                  We hope that we can count on the 

12           State Legislature to help us navigate these 

13           new directives and priorities, and we hope 

14           that we can count on you to leverage your 

15           relationships with members of Congress to 

16           convey our message, which I have to believe 

17           is the same message that you all have as 

18           well.  We all have a lot to lose, and we want 

19           to partner with you to advocate for our 

20           communities and for our state.  

21                  Thank you again for the opportunity to 

22           appear in front of you today, and I look 

23           forward to any questions you might have.

24                  MR. KOETZLE:  (Mic issues.)  There we 


                                                                   398

 1           go.  

 2                  Thank you, thank you.  Good afternoon, 

 3           all.  Thank you for allowing me to be here.  

 4                  My name is Christopher Koetzle.  I am 

 5           the new executive director of the Association 

 6           of Towns.  I started last May, so I'm new at 

 7           this, and I want to thank my colleagues for 

 8           helping me get acclimated.  And I appreciate 

 9           all the work and leadership you've provided 

10           to me over these last couple of months.

11                  I'm very pleased to be here to speak 

12           on the part of NYAOT.  NYAOT provides 

13           training, education, advocacy, and support to 

14           933 towns across the state representing 

15           9.1 million New Yorkers.  NYAOT does this 

16           through a variety of means:  Conferences and 

17           webinars, on-the-ground engagement, insurance 

18           programs like NYMIR and the Comp Alliance, 

19           and of course through its advocacy efforts. 

20                  I want to talk about, just a moment, 

21           as my new leadership began in May of this 

22           past year, it is my dedication and commitment 

23           that we work together in partnership with the 

24           Legislature in a very vigorous way to make 


                                                                   399

 1           sure that we're protecting, defending, and 

 2           helping our towns across this state.  In many 

 3           ways towns are very similar to what you're 

 4           going to hear today from the counties and the 

 5           cities and the villages, but in other ways 

 6           towns are very different and unique, and I 

 7           want to talk about that a little bit here 

 8           today.

 9                  First, I do want to acknowledge the 

10           Executive Budget.  Governor Hochul's 

11           Executive Budget -- under a difficult 

12           financial situation, I understand -- does 

13           maintain key funding issues, levels, for 

14           local governments.  Barb mentioned some of 

15           these, Steve will as well -- AIM, CHIPS, 

16           clean water and other infrastructure programs 

17           were important to be maintained in the 

18           Executive Budget, and we are thankful and 

19           supportive of that.

20                  However, there are targeted investment 

21           needs, and reforms are needed.  In 

22           particular, today I would like to speak on 

23           just four issues -- there are others, but 

24           just four issues for today:  Strengthening 


                                                                   400

 1           AIM funding; investing in transportation, 

 2           water and sewer infrastructure; addressing 

 3           the municipal workforce crisis -- and it is a 

 4           crisis; and ensuring proper funding for 

 5           ambulance services.

 6                  So first, on AIM, we do appreciate, as 

 7           Barb talked about, the $50 million in 

 8           temporary assistance being included in the 

 9           Governor's budget.  That is critical.  But I 

10           do want to put it in context.  That if we 

11           consider since 2011, and we consider 

12           inflation, local governments have lost 

13           $1.4 billion in AIM funding due to inflation.  

14                  So we would ask that, yes, maintain 

15           the 50 million, please, but increase funding 

16           for AIM and tie it to a COLA.  The cost for 

17           towns does not stop because our AIM funding 

18           and our revenues stop.  We're facing historic 

19           inflation like everybody else, and we need 

20           increases in our support that are tied to 

21           inflation.  

22                  I do want to call out real quick -- 

23           the formula needs to be reviewed for AIM.  It 

24           unfairly hampers towns, and I'll give you one 


                                                                   401

 1           example.

 2                  The Town of Amherst has a population 

 3           of 130,000 people, and it receives $660,000 

 4           in AIM, while the City of Albany, which has a 

 5           population of about 100,000 people -- 30,000 

 6           less -- receives AIM at nearly $13 million.  

 7           It's a tremendous disparity, and it hampers 

 8           the towns terribly.

 9                  On infrastructure, I want to take a 

10           moment to talk about the importance of 

11           transportation and in particular water 

12           infrastructure.  These are the backbone of 

13           the state's economy and the state's public 

14           health.  CHIPS, as Barb mentioned, is an 

15           important support mechanism for our 

16           communities, and we appreciate the continued 

17           support for all the programs -- BridgeNY, 

18           Pave-NY, Pave Our Potholes, all of those.

19                  I do want to point out the towns 

20           maintain 63 percent of the state's roads; 

21           63 percent of the state's roads are 

22           maintained by towns.  And towns spend 

23           $1.8 billion annually on transportation and 

24           related expenses, twice what towns spend on 


                                                                   402

 1           public safety.

 2                  CHIPS funding is not keeping pace with 

 3           the actual cost that towns have to incur to 

 4           ensure that roads are safe.  An increased 

 5           CHIPS and dedicated CHIPS increases with 

 6           COLAs create a better long-term plan and 

 7           opportunity for towns to invest in those 

 8           roads.

 9                  Sewer and water infrastructure is 

10           equally as important, and we are pleased that 

11           the Governor has put $500 million for clean 

12           water infrastructure in the Executive Budget.  

13           But it's grant-based funding.  And here's the 

14           thing about grant-based funding:  There are 

15           winners and there are losers.  And I'm going 

16           to say today -- and I believe everyone on 

17           this panel agrees -- nobody, nobody should 

18           have to compete for clean water.  We need 

19           dedicated funding to make sure that every New 

20           York erhas access to clean water.

21                  Grant programs make winners and they 

22           make losers, and some people will have access 

23           and some people will not.  We need dedicated 

24           funding for that.  PFOS or PFAS are certainly 


                                                                   403

 1           now a new source that towns will have to deal 

 2           with and clean up out of the system that they 

 3           did not place there, but they are forced to 

 4           clean up.  And that's going to be very 

 5           expensive, and we can get into that some 

 6           more.

 7                  Also with water infrastructure, 

 8           affordable housing is predicated on 

 9           infrastructure.  Most towns don't have 

10           infrastructure.  My Town of Glenville, where 

11           I was the town supervisor for 15 years, more 

12           than half our town doesn't have water and 

13           sewer.  We can't put affordable housing where 

14           there's no water and there's no sewer, and so 

15           there again we need dedicated funding for 

16           that.

17                  Workforce development, as Barb talked 

18           about, is another key challenge.  We are 

19           having a hard time keeping up with 

20           wageflation in the municipal governments.  We 

21           can't raise wages like the private sector 

22           can, and we are asking for help there.  Barb 

23           talked about the civil service reforms.  We 

24           need civil service reforms.  We're asking for 


                                                                   404

 1           CDL requirements -- sorry, reimbursements for 

 2           state, local CDL drivers.  We're asking to 

 3           tinker a little bit with the tax cap to 

 4           exclude wage increases so municipal 

 5           governments can equal private-sector wages 

 6           without breaking the tax cap, and removing 

 7           the salary cap for retirees reentering the 

 8           public workplace.

 9                  I have more, but because I'm new at 

10           this, I'm long, and I'm going to make sure I 

11           stop on my time.  So I'm going to go over the 

12           ambulance service.

13                  Barb was absolutely correct when she 

14           talked about the need for ambulance service.  

15           It's an essential need for our communities.  

16           I will just be quick on this.  The mandate 

17           that the Governor has put in the budget does 

18           not provide funding, and that is very 

19           difficult for local governments, particularly 

20           towns.  

21                  Towns spent $142 million on ambulance 

22           services in 2023, an 18 percent increase in 

23           just five years.  The taxpayer can't afford 

24           that, and it will hit the tax cap hard in 


                                                                   405

 1           these towns that will be forced to then 

 2           provide these services.  So we need to find 

 3           access -- or support for that.

 4                  I'm going to close with suggesting a 

 5           few things that are critically important to 

 6           my members and to our association.  

 7                  If we all want affordable housing in 

 8           the State of New York, then we need to make 

 9           state investments in infrastructure, no 

10           question about it.  

11                  If we all want to make New York more 

12           affordable for all New Yorkers, then we have 

13           to bring down property taxes in local 

14           government.  And that's only attainable 

15           through help from the state, either in 

16           mandate relief or in more direct aid.

17                  And if we want clean water for all 

18           New Yorkers, which I know we all do, then we 

19           must invest in our water systems.  In the 

20           towns, many of them are aging, they're 

21           60 years old, they're failing, and they need 

22           deferred maintenance.  

23                  But now, in order to increase that 

24           system so we can support all these 


                                                                   406

 1           initiatives, we need more.  The 

 2           Executive Budget includes positive steps, 

 3           but tangible funding increases and targeted 

 4           reforms are needed.

 5                  Towns are the foundation of our state.  

 6           Every dollar invested in a town is invested 

 7           in the State of New York.  Every dollar 

 8           invested in infrastructure is invested in 

 9           your infrastructure.  It builds on our 

10           economy.  It provides better services.  It 

11           makes stronger communities, and it will be a 

12           sustainable future for all New Yorkers, 

13           making it affordable for all New Yorkers.

14                  I look forward to our work together.  

15           I appreciate you allowing me to be here this 

16           afternoon, and I'm looking forward to what's 

17           next.  Thank you.

18                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Thank you, Senators, 

19           Chair Krueger, Chair Pretlow, to the chairs 

20           of the Local Government Committee, 

21           Assemblymember Jones, Assemblymember Monica 

22           Martinez, thank you for giving us the 

23           opportunity to be with you here today.  I'm 

24           Steven Acquario, the executive director of 


                                                                   407

 1           the Association of Counties.  

 2                  And we can't do our job without you.  

 3           We partner with our Governor on the 

 4           preparation of an Executive Budget, but it is 

 5           ultimately you who must approve what's before 

 6           you.  And we just can't do the things that 

 7           you want us to do, your programs, without 

 8           your support.  The counties deliver pretty 

 9           much all your programs.  All federal health 

10           and all human service programs are delivered 

11           through the counties.  So all the great ideas 

12           that you come up with, you want to serve the 

13           people, they ultimately run through the 

14           counties.  

15                  So giving us an opportunity to address 

16           you is very important.  The fact that you 

17           listen to us during these forums is very much 

18           appreciated, and we thank you for that.

19                  Total state spending.  We've submitted 

20           testimony, I'll just give some quick talking 

21           points here.  Total state spending on behalf 

22           of the counties through the various local aid 

23           programs is expected to be around 8.2 billion 

24           in this year's fiscal budget.  This includes 


                                                                   408

 1           nearly 4 billion for the state takeover of 

 2           the local Medicaid growth, one of the most 

 3           important state policies you ever adopted.

 4                  The Medicaid local cost cap is the 

 5           single most important element for counties in 

 6           controlling, as Chris mentioned, property tax 

 7           increases at the local level.  And 

 8           maintaining this cap is essential to the 

 9           affordability fight that we're all trying to 

10           win on behalf of New Yorkers.  To this point, 

11           we are very pleased that there are no major 

12           cost shifts from the Governor, from the state 

13           in this budget, or any new spending mandates 

14           for the expansion of existing or newly 

15           created state programs.

16                  While the '26 Executive Budget did not 

17           include another round of 50 million in 

18           funding for the County Infrastructure Fund, 

19           the infrastructure grant program that was 

20           dedicated towards housing and infrastructure 

21           that was established by the Governor last 

22           year and approved by you, we have been 

23           assured by the Budget Director that that 

24           50 million will be restored in coming 


                                                                   409

 1           amendments to the budget.  

 2                  On this note, we ask that you consider 

 3           doubling that county infrastructure program 

 4           to 100 million.  Just like the towns, cities, 

 5           and villages with the importance of AIM, so 

 6           too is the country infrastructure program.  

 7           It's among our highest priorities, and 

 8           doubling this allocation and raising the 

 9           maximum award from 1 million to 2 million per 

10           grant under this new $100 million level will 

11           be most appreciated.  

12                  Funds under this program are targeted 

13           towards critical local infrastructure 

14           projects, with priority placed on housing 

15           development, infrastructure, water, sewer, 

16           land, towards new housing projects.  Projects 

17           that create at least 10 units of housing are 

18           awarded the maximum grant allowed.

19                  Finally, we urge you to reduce the 

20           local match requirement from 50 percent to 

21           25 percent to ensure that all counties, rural 

22           and urban, can take advantage of available 

23           funding.

24                  With respect to aging, a very 


                                                                   410

 1           important program advanced by the Governor 

 2           for our seniors, it's been a long time in the 

 3           making.  Finally we've got -- we've advocated 

 4           for an increase of $45 million to address our 

 5           aging service waitlists.  That is before you.  

 6           We strongly support that and thank our 

 7           Governor and thank you in advance.  

 8                  As I believe Barbara and Chris 

 9           mentioned, civil service reform is very 

10           important to us.  Raising the public-sector 

11           retiree earnings.  In our testimony on page 6 

12           and page 7, we can't find folks to do certain 

13           jobs in our counties.  Whether it's a public 

14           defender, an assistant prosecutor, a child 

15           welfare examiner, a public health nurse, it 

16           is very difficult to recruit now mental 

17           health professionals.

18                  So we have listed a number of 

19           provisions in State Civil Service Law for 

20           your consideration, amending the 

21           Public Officers Law to allow for home-rule 

22           authority to set employee residence 

23           requirements, expanding the acceptable zone 

24           of band scoring of civil service exams, 


                                                                   411

 1           increasing from a list of three to a list of 

 2           five, and so on.  We ask for some flexibility 

 3           in civil services.

 4                  In community colleges and higher 

 5           education tuition assistance, the Executive 

 6           Budget provides a funding floor for community 

 7           colleges at 100 percent of prior-year 

 8           funding.  We strongly support that.  Without 

 9           that funding floor, community colleges would 

10           face a 124 million, or a near 20 percent 

11           loss -- in formula aid due to the enrollment 

12           declines.  Counties of New York strongly 

13           support maintaining this funding for our 

14           community colleges.

15                  The Governor has a new program to 

16           implement the New York Opportunities 

17           Partnership.  The Executive Budget includes 

18           28.2 million for the New York Opportunity 

19           Promise Scholarship, a program that provides 

20           for the cost of tuition, fees, books for 

21           students age 25 to 55 for attending the 

22           community colleges in high-demand fields.  

23                  Counties support the funding included 

24           in the budget and appreciate that this does 


                                                                   412

 1           not shift any new financial burden onto the 

 2           counties.  And we look forward to working 

 3           with you and the Governor to make this 

 4           program a success, including identifying 

 5           other areas or trades that are in high 

 6           demand.

 7                  Economic development.  Funding to 

 8           communities impacted by the recent Department 

 9           of Correctional Services and juvenile justice 

10           facility closures.  The Governor includes a 

11           $200 million allocation from the Downtown 

12           Revitalization Program to be appropriated 

13           towards communities that have been impacted 

14           by closure of any New York State correctional 

15           and juvenile justice facilities.  We strongly 

16           support this proposal.

17                  With respect to a few environmental 

18           initiatives, NYSAC strongly supports the 

19           500 million, as do the towns, cities, and 

20           villages, for the Clean Water Infrastructure 

21           Program.  We've asked for some tweaks, and 

22           support what the others have said today.  

23                  We ask that you fund municipal 

24           recycling and organics diversion.  The 


                                                                   413

 1           Executive Budget includes nearly 20 million 

 2           for municipal waste reduction and recycling 

 3           programs, including 2.5 for food donation and 

 4           food scraps recycling.  We urge you to 

 5           increase capital projects funding for 

 6           municipal waste reduction and recycling 

 7           projects to at least $40 million.

 8                  As far as sustainability, the budget 

 9           includes a $1 billion program in new capital 

10           projects for funding climate mitigation and 

11           adaptation projects.   To maximize the 

12           effectiveness of state climate investments, 

13           we recommend using a portion of the funding 

14           for dedicating grant funding for local 

15           climate initiatives, including expanding the 

16           support for successful programs like the 

17           Climate Smart Communities, the Clean Energy 

18           Communities, the Municipal Zero-Emission 

19           Vehicle Rebate.  

20                  We ask that you enhance the technical 

21           assistance and training programs to build 

22           local government expertise in clean energy 

23           deployment and climate resilience.  We ask 

24           that you support regional sustainability 


                                                                   414

 1           coordinators and clean energy hubs to 

 2           facilitate coordination between state and 

 3           local climate efforts.  And we ask that you 

 4           ensure local governments have a formal seat 

 5           at the table in state energy planning and 

 6           investment decisions.

 7                  Lastly, on transportation, 100 percent 

 8           support what our colleagues and cities and 

 9           villages and towns are advocating for, an 

10           increase of 250 million in the CHIPS program.  

11                  And lastly, Senator Cooney has an 

12           initiative on transit equity.  That bill is 

13           sponsored in the State Senate, and we support 

14           the provisions of Senator Cooney's transit 

15           equity component.

16                  That will conclude our testimony, and 

17           thank you again.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

19                  Assemblyman Jones.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Good afternoon, 

21           everyone.  Good to see you all again.

22                  PANELISTS:  Good afternoon.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  It feels as though 

24           I just saw you not too long ago.  But great 


                                                                   415

 1           to have you here, and thank you for your 

 2           testimony.

 3                  I have several questions, but I'm 

 4           going to get right to it.  This is kind of a 

 5           unique one, that the Executive has -- 

 6           proposes requiring all municipalities to 

 7           report cybersecurity incidences to the 

 8           Division of Homeland Security and Emergency 

 9           Services within 72 hours, and all ransomware 

10           payments within 24 hours.  

11                  Yes or no?  Are we for that or not? 

12                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yes.  We believe this -- 

13           at the association -- really this is one of 

14           the more important areas for local 

15           governments, and we do support that.

16                  MS. VAN EPPS:  And the same with 

17           NYCOM.  We recognize that this is a critical 

18           area -- issue for our municipalities, and a 

19           lot of them just can't get their arms around 

20           it.  So we're actually --

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.  It kind of 

22           bounced out of me because, like, where did 

23           you report it -- like, I mean, if I was a 

24           village official, the first person I'd be on 


                                                                   416

 1           the phone with was somebody from the Division 

 2           of Homeland Security or something.  So I 

 3           think -- okay, thank you for that.  

 4                  Emergency services.  The Executive 

 5           Budget proposes designating emergency medical 

 6           services as essential in requiring counties, 

 7           cities, towns and villages to ensure services 

 8           are provided within their boundaries.

 9                  MR. ACQUARIO:  So -- so this one -- 

10           you want me to start his one?

11                  MR. KOETZLE:  I don't want to be the 

12           one who keeps butting in first, but --

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  I can get into 

14           the detail --

15                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yeah.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  -- on it, too, 

17           but --  

18                  MR. KOETZLE:  The concerns we have on 

19           that -- I mean, obviously we know it's a 

20           critical service.  It's a crisis.  This is 

21           something that towns, though, would struggle 

22           with being able to afford, particularly under 

23           a tax-cap environment.

24                  So this is what would be called a new 


                                                                   417

 1           special district.  The new special district 

 2           would then shatter the cap, because it's not 

 3           already in the cap.  And so that would be 

 4           considered new spending by the state.

 5                  There's a lot of inequities in the tax 

 6           cap.  There's a lot of reforms that can 

 7           happen in the tax cap.  We can talk about 

 8           that later, because your question's about 

 9           this.  

10                  But we support it, but we need 

11           funding, because it is a mandate at that 

12           point.

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Yup.

14                  MR. KOETZLE:  We believe too, also -- 

15           my friend may not be appreciative of this, 

16           but it's a county service, we believe, best 

17           delivered regionally.

18                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, I couldn't 

19           disagree more.

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  MR. KOETZLE:  We've agreed on a lot, 

22           but not everything.

23                  MR. ACQUARIO:  But there's one thing 

24           that -- I think you should strike the 


                                                                   418

 1           language that was advanced by the Governor.  

 2           It doesn't make sense to ask 1,605 local 

 3           governments to all do that.  Let the local 

 4           governments resolve this locally.  That's 

 5           home rule.  And despite the towns want it to 

 6           shift to the counties, it's not appropriate.  

 7           Let them work it out locally and regionally 

 8           at the local level, not by the state.  

 9                  So thank you for that question.

10                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I agree with everything 

11           they said.  I mean, we're obviously very 

12           concerned about the funding, but we recognize 

13           there are some real gaps in services 

14           throughout our communities.  We are not 

15           usually embracive of things that are 

16           countywide, if you will, but in this case we 

17           are certainly open to considering doing this 

18           countywide or at least doing it on a regional 

19           basis, because we think at this point that 

20           might be the only answer.

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.  I think 

22           Steve already answered my next question, so 

23           I'll go on.

24                  Housing.  So the Governor puts in -- 


                                                                   419

 1           where am I?  I had my spot.  The Executive 

 2           Budget proposes $10 million in technical 

 3           assistance and 100 million in funding for 

 4           municipalities that are certified as 

 5           Pro-Housing Communities.  I just have a 

 6           couple of questions on that.  

 7                  What steps are municipalities taking 

 8           to encourage housing growth?  Are there any 

 9           barriers that municipalities are facing 

10           related to the housing growth and production 

11           in this proposal?  And how can this money 

12           be -- how can it better be used in the 

13           proposal? 

14                  I guess -- we put in hundreds of 

15           millions of dollars for housing every year 

16           and what I hear from my villages and towns 

17           and counties, there's really no assistance 

18           behind it to get it to where they need it to 

19           be.  So does this program help you in any 

20           way?  And what are the barriers? 

21                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, I'll just start 

22           from the county's perspective.  

23                  We of course support the Governor's 

24           push for more housing and more affordable 


                                                                   420

 1           housing, and yours as well, as the State 

 2           Legislature.  It's a local issue.  It's more 

 3           of a municipal function, from the county's 

 4           perspective.  

 5                  We want to bring infrastructure, we 

 6           want to bring that last mile for water and 

 7           sewer.  And that is the contribution that the 

 8           counties can generally make towards this 

 9           issue.  We're very supportive of whatever it 

10           is the Governor is trying to push in, you as 

11           a legislative body, and we look forward to 

12           working with you during this session.  It's 

13           very important.

14                  MR. KOETZLE:  So we do support, 

15           obviously, the need for more housing.  

16           Housing is becoming unaffordable for every 

17           New Yorker.  That's really becoming a crisis.  

18           And what you folks did with the short-term 

19           rental Barb touched on was very helpful in 

20           making sure that we don't have these big 

21           equity things from New York City coming in 

22           and buying up our housing stock.  That was 

23           huge.  So thank you so much for that.

24                  But there are barriers for towns in 


                                                                   421

 1           particular because, as I mentioned in my 

 2           testimony, towns do not have the 

 3           infrastructure to support more housing.  

 4           Towns would build more housing if we had the 

 5           infrastructure to do so.  We can't afford 

 6           that on our own.  

 7                  And so we have these grant programs, 

 8           and as I said, some win and some lose.  But 

 9           the grants don't go to the town, the grant 

10           goes to the developer.  It doesn't help the 

11           town at all.  

12                  And one thing about housing in towns 

13           is very often it's a lose from a revenue 

14           perspective.  So you build more housing in 

15           towns, that means more services.  So you have 

16           more roads to plow, you have infrastructure 

17           that goes in.  And somebody pays for that 

18           infrastructure, but guess who maintains the 

19           infrastructure?  The towns -- the water, the 

20           sewer.  So it's more money on the local 

21           governments.

22                  And so the other thing I just want to 

23           mention, and I'll turn it over to Barb, we 

24           have to address -- and I know it's unpopular, 


                                                                   422

 1           but we have to address this.  I have people 

 2           in our towns telling us that young people 

 3           buying homes today, guess what, the property 

 4           taxes rival -- if not more than -- what their 

 5           mortgage payment is.

 6                  Now, I'm old enough to remember when 

 7           property taxes were a fraction of your 

 8           mortgage.  A fraction.  Now they are equal, 

 9           if not greater.  We have to find ways to 

10           provide property tax relief into the towns.  

11                  And when you think about a town, the 

12           only thing the town has to fund its 

13           operations is levy.  It's all we have.  We 

14           don't get sales tax by right, we don't get 

15           the hotel tax by right, we don't get the 

16           franchise revenue that cities and villages 

17           and counties get.  We have one place to go on 

18           growth, and it's the levy.  

19                  And if we don't get relief there, 

20           homes will not be affordable.

21                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I'll just quickly add 

22           we are supportive of Pro-Housing Communities.  

23           And like I mentioned earlier, we are even 

24           more supportive of the technical assistance 


                                                                   423

 1           that the budget recommends providing to local 

 2           governments to get them certified, especially 

 3           now that so much of the grant money out there 

 4           is conditioned on Pro-Housing.

 5                  We do think there can be tweaks to 

 6           housing -- the expansion of the housing tax 

 7           credit.  It's certainly beneficial.  The 

 8           money for infrastructure is an absolute 

 9           necessity.

10                  But we are just very happy that she's 

11           taking more of a bottom-up approach, as 

12           opposed to the top-down, you know, that when 

13           we talked about the housing compact -- our 

14           mayors are still scarred by that.  And so we 

15           are very happy with this bottom-up, voluntary 

16           approach to housing.  And we think it's 

17           working.

18                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay, getting on 

19           childcare, Stephen, I don't know if we talked 

20           about this before.  There's $100 million in 

21           the Executive proposal.  I think there's a 

22           $25 million carveout for counties.  Do you 

23           have any details on that? 

24                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, I think that that 


                                                                   424

 1           was based off our Herkimer County childcare 

 2           initiative that we brought to their attention 

 3           over the summer.  It worked incredibly well 

 4           in the Mohawk Valley, and I think that the 

 5           Governor is trying to give that more of an 

 6           expansion -- 

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  So the counties 

 8           would help assist building the infrastructure 

 9           and then hand it over to either a 

10           non-for-profit --

11                  MR. ACQUARIO:  A not-for-profit, yes.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  -- childcare 

13           facility or organization? 

14                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes.

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.

16                  MR. ACQUARIO:  We do support the 

17           initiative.

18                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Okay.  SWAP 

19           program, I'm all for, but we have to make 

20           sure it doesn't come out of other funding.  

21           Because I've heard fears from some people, 

22           from some municipalities, they're afraid 

23           that's going to take away from the funding 

24           that we already have for clean water and 


                                                                   425

 1           infrastructure and such.

 2                  So I support the concept of the 

 3           program, but I think we have to be careful 

 4           about not, you know, taking money, you know, 

 5           from Peter for Paul.

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  As Chris mentioned 

 7           earlier, we support 100 percent what the 

 8           Governor's doing with the 500 million in the 

 9           water program, but it's a grant program.  And 

10           the benefit of a SWAP program is more of a 

11           formula.  It keeps entities from fighting 

12           amongst each other and --

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  Oh, I agree with 

14           the --

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  So.  But we agree with 

16           you a hundred percent.  

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN JONES:  -- the concept, I 

18           just think we need to be cognizant of, you 

19           know, let's not rob one fund to pay for this 

20           program.  I think it's all great.

21                  I have many, many more questions, but 

22           thank you for coming to testify.  And it's 

23           great to see you all, and I look forward to 

24           working with you.


                                                                   426

 1                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Thank you.

 2                  MR. KOETZLE:  Same here.

 3                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Thank you.

 4                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  (Mic off; 

 5           inaudible.) 

 6                  We're going to start with 

 7           Senator Martinez, 10 minutes, ranker -- uh, 

 8           chair.

 9                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  Thank you.  

10                  Good afternoon.  So good to see all 

11           three of you here.

12                  Just some clarifications and follow-up 

13           to my counterpart in the Assembly.  

14                  In terms of the EMS, when you talk 

15           about having it regional, could you expand 

16           just a little more on that and how we can 

17           assist in the process of making it a more 

18           regional process for you?  

19                  MR. KOETZLE:  I'm sorry, can I ask you 

20           to repeat that?  I didn't hear you.

21                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  You want the EMS to 

22           be regionally based, correct?

23                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yeah.

24                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  So how does that 


                                                                   427

 1           look?  And what can we do to help in that 

 2           manner? 

 3                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yeah, I mean -- for me, 

 4           because I brought that word up, so I'll 

 5           start.  You know, I -- in terms of counties, 

 6           we believe that it's a county-level service.  

 7           Towns are poorly positioned to provide 

 8           critical lifesaving services that way.  We 

 9           don't have fire departments, those are all 

10           volunteer.

11                  And so it wouldn't make sense.  It 

12           wouldn't like bolt on to anything, if that 

13           makes sense.  We believe -- and don't get me 

14           in too bad a way with Steve here, but we 

15           believe counties are already providing these 

16           services in many ways -- you know, hospitals, 

17           nursing homes, county homes, county 

18           medical -- so it might make more sense.  

19                  It's also a service I think that 

20           requires a lot bigger population base to 

21           support because it's so expensive.  

22           Reimbursements are so low for, you know, 

23           whatever the care to give -- the cost to give 

24           the care is not being reimbursed.  You put 


                                                                   428

 1           that on a small tax base, that's devastating.  

 2           You put it on a large tax base, it's 

 3           affordable.  That's how we would approach 

 4           this.

 5                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  Okay.  Perfect.

 6                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I'll just add that I 

 7           think data, we need to -- we need better data 

 8           about where the gaps in the service are.  And 

 9           I think that's something that the Governor 

10           has proposed.  

11                  I will also add that the Medicaid 

12           reimbursement, the law that you passed this 

13           year that would allow for Medicaid 

14           reimbursement for certain EMS services, is 

15           going to be very helpful once we can get our 

16           arms around that.  

17                  So I think we're absolutely making 

18           progress.  We just established an EMS 

19           subcommittee among our membership, and we 

20           really are hoping we can get some great ideas 

21           out of that, because there are communities 

22           who are finding ways to address this.  So 

23           we're bringing folks together to talk about 

24           this, and we look forward to working with not 


                                                                   429

 1           only the municipal associations, but all of 

 2           you, to try to find some answers to this 

 3           crisis.

 4                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  Please.  And that 

 5           would be great if you can share that data 

 6           with us.  

 7                  And just to follow up with the housing 

 8           perspective of this, what do you see IDAs 

 9           playing a role in housing and affordable 

10           housing projects? 

11                  MR. KOETZLE:  You want to go first?  

12           Because I'm glad you brought IDAs up.

13                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Oh, IDAs.  I didn't 

14           hear it.

15                  MR. KOETZLE:  IDAs, yes.  You know, 

16           IDAs can play a role.  Obviously economic 

17           development is where they're focused, but we 

18           believe -- we're not asking for towns to be 

19           at the table of an IDA.  We actually support 

20           the IDA on the county level being able to 

21           negotiate their pilots and whatnot.

22                  But when an IDA makes a decision about 

23           a town levy, the town ought to have a right 

24           and an ability to agree to that.  Right now, 


                                                                   430

 1           we don't.  And so what happens is, as I just 

 2           talked about, our only revenue source is 

 3           really the levy.  And if the county IDA is 

 4           giving away our levy and then we're stuck 

 5           with all the infrastructure costs -- because 

 6           it doesn't go to the county.  The 

 7           infrastructure cost is on the town.  Our 

 8           levy's gone, and we have -- we've just 

 9           inherited new costs.

10                  So whether it's economic development 

11           or housing, the same would be true.  We want 

12           to say the town needs to have a say in -- if 

13           our money is being given away, we need to at 

14           least agree to that.  Because we don't get 

15           the growth, we don't get the sales tax 

16           growth, we don't get anything else.  The levy 

17           is the only thing the town has.

18                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, if I may, the 

19           fact of the matter is most counties are 

20           sharing sales tax with towns.  And if they're 

21           not, they're doing other services.  

22                  This is an individual-by-individual- 

23           municipality issue.  If the state is going to 

24           consider things such as that, such as 


                                                                   431

 1           shifting EMS to a county, it really needs to 

 2           remove the mandate that we make towns, 

 3           cities, and villages whole or towns and 

 4           cities whole, or school districts with 

 5           delinquent property taxes.  That's what you 

 6           should consider.

 7                  I mean, mandating one level of local 

 8           government onto another level of local 

 9           government is absurd to even think of that 

10           way.  Let the local governments -- I was at a 

11           meeting two weeks in the Adirondacks with a 

12           whole bunch of towns and a whole bunch of 

13           counties, and I put this issue out there.  

14           Everyone just stared at me.  They didn't know 

15           how to answer the question, Is this a good 

16           idea or not?  

17                  That sends a signal to me.  Let the 

18           local governments work it out amongst 

19           themselves.  Incentivize them.  Give the 

20           counties incentives to do this if they want 

21           to.  But you ask any town official around 

22           this state if they want the county to take 

23           over EMS, I bet you the vast majority of 

24           them, 95 percent of them would say absolutely 


                                                                   432

 1           no.  They want their response time.  They 

 2           want to be able to handle the issue locally, 

 3           and they are concerned.  

 4                  We deal with this with municipal law 

 5           enforcement.  Why isn't the county sheriff 

 6           patrolling the town roads?  It makes -- it 

 7           comes up all the time.  They resist it.

 8                  So my advice to you is be very careful 

 9           when you're treading into this.  There are 

10           1605 units of local government that have been 

11           established for hundreds of years.  Let them 

12           work these issues out locally.

13                  SENATOR MARTINEZ:  And thank you for 

14           that.  And you very well know that we believe 

15           in local control, especially coming down from 

16           Long Island.  We love our home-rule 

17           messaging.  So obviously that's very 

18           important for us down there.

19                  And I had a couple of other questions, 

20           but -- well, you can ask them.  But I'm going 

21           to -- well, I'm done.

22                  (Laughter.)

23                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  All right.  Thank 

24           you.  Assembly.


                                                                   433

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Brown.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you.  

 3                  Welcome.  I think all my questions 

 4           probably could go for all of you.  

 5                  But I just wanted to say to 

 6           Director Epps, you have a great staff.  I've 

 7           been speaking to Wade for like 20-something 

 8           years, and you've got John and Rebecca -- 

 9           great.  They always respond immediately, and 

10           I appreciate that on a village level, at the 

11           very least.

12                  Director Koetzle -- is that how it's 

13           pronounced?

14                  MR. KOETZLE:  Ketz-lee.

15                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Koetzle.  I 

16           apologize.

17                  MR. KOETZLE:  Koetzle, like Nestle.  

18                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  I've got an 

19           easy name, Brown.

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  You mentioned 

22           the disparity of AIM funding.  What do you 

23           think that is?  You gave two specifics, 

24           two -- one municipality had 30,000 more 


                                                                   434

 1           residents than Albany.  Why do you think that 

 2           is? 

 3                  MR. KOETZLE:  Well, it's 

 4           formula-based, obviously, so it's in the 

 5           formula.  It's baked in.  

 6                  I don't have that right here in front 

 7           of me, but one of the things that we believe 

 8           should happen is we need to convene a council 

 9           to look at that, look at the formula, what is 

10           it -- my question to the Legislature is, what 

11           is it that is making that so unfair and so 

12           unbalanced? 

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  I think we all 

14           know, but at a certain point we just have to 

15           say it for what it is, you know.  

16                  With this particular body that we have 

17           here right now, this group in front of us, 

18           we're all on the same page.  So many of us 

19           come from village government and things like 

20           that, we know the answer.  We have to say we 

21           have a $252 billion budget, do you think it's 

22           correct to say -- and I'm really asking you.  

23           So let's stop all the waste.  We're putting 

24           it towards people who haven't contributed 


                                                                   435

 1           perhaps to our local areas, could that be an 

 2           issue?

 3                  I know that's something uncomfortable.  

 4           If we could go, we could be here for another 

 5           20 years having this discussion.  Let's say 

 6           it for what it is.

 7                  We all work hard, blue collar, my town 

 8           where I grew up.  Shouldn't we be allocating 

 9           money to the people that work hard and put in 

10           the infrastructure?   I'm in the construction 

11           business five decades.  You better believe we 

12           need infrastructure.  I run a little village, 

13           that's my biggest expense. 

14                  I hope and pray, you know, that the 

15           medical won't go up and everything like that 

16           every year.  But, you know, paving roads, we 

17           do it in-house and it still costs a fortune.  

18                  Shouldn't we be allocating funds the 

19           way we know this -- you know, it's being 

20           hidden in the $252 billion budget? 

21                  MR. KOETZLE:  Is that a question 

22           directly to me? 

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  That's a 

24           question.


                                                                   436

 1                  MR. KOETZLE:  I would not be so bold 

 2           as to lecture any of you folks on where you 

 3           should be allocating state resources, how 

 4           they should be allocated.  That's all, I 

 5           think, in the purview of the Legislature.

 6                  The only point that I'm making is that 

 7           there's an inequity in the AIM funding 

 8           formula.  I would like us to convene a study 

 9           on that to find out where those inequities 

10           are and why they exist and how we can fix 

11           them.

12                  But how you allocate your resources is 

13           certainly up to you.  I'll leave it to you 

14           folks, and I'm confident you can ably make 

15           those determinations yourself.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Thank you. 

17                  This could be for anybody.  We talked 

18           a little bit about fire services and things 

19           like that.  The Volunteer Fire Infrastructure 

20           and Response Equipment -- V-FIRE -- program 

21           provides only $25 million in funding 

22           statewide.  

23                  We run a little private fire 

24           department.  I could spend like, you know, 


                                                                   437

 1           500 grand on a new piece of equipment because 

 2           on Long Island we need all the bells and 

 3           whistles with all the chrome.  

 4                  Twenty-five million dollars for the 

 5           whole state.  Why do you think we have that 

 6           inequity for one of the most important 

 7           services there is?  Anybody? 

 8                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I mean, obviously we 

 9           would love to see more money toward that, 

10           because I was told that the program -- we had 

11           a discussion just two days ago at my 

12           conference about this and how happy people 

13           were about the fact that there was another 

14           25 million put in.  

15                  So I recognize that, you know, there's 

16           probably a much greater need there and that 

17           it was probably oversubscribed.  But we're 

18           just grateful for the 25 million and know 

19           that our people are already interested in how 

20           they get their hands on that.

21                  MR. ACQUARIO:  You know, you've made 

22           some strides over the years on volunteer 

23           fire.  It's very important what you're doing.  

24           So thank you for the laws that you're 


                                                                   438

 1           passing, especially with recruitment and 

 2           retention.  

 3                  And I think in that respect we've been 

 4           advocating for both the income tax credit and 

 5           the real property tax credit, not one or the 

 6           other.  That is a big deal.  And so we would 

 7           ask that you consider that as part of your 

 8           deliberations.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN ARI BROWN:  Absolutely.  I 

10           have a bill on that.  Let's hope they'll let 

11           me bring it to the floor.

12                  Thank you all for being here.

13                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Thank you.

14                  MR. KOETZLE:  Thank you.

15                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Thank you.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Is that it?

17                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  (Mic off.)

18                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Good afternoon.

19                  PANEL MEMBERS:  Good afternoon.

20                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  A question -- I 

21           probably won't use my 10, but -- Local 

22           Government Efficiency Grant Program?  So I 

23           think there's a proposal for an additional 

24           8 million in funding.  I guess a couple 


                                                                   439

 1           questions, four parts to it.  

 2                  Do you believe that that's adequate?   

 3           So what do you find -- what is the kind of 

 4           the participation -- it's not a brand-new 

 5           program, but the additional funding -- is the 

 6           $8 million adequate, welcome?  Thoughts? 

 7                  MR. KOETZLE:  I can speak just as -- 

 8           experience as a supervisor.  For 15 years 

 9           I've tried to access that program repeatedly 

10           in my town.  It's difficult.  

11                  The issues -- the common theme here is 

12           the issue with the grant programs generally 

13           is that they're arduous, they're expensive, 

14           and they're time-consuming.  Meaning that 

15           towns often have to -- and other governments, 

16           I'm sure -- but towns would have to hire, 

17           often, a grant writer or a grant 

18           administrator.

19                  Administering the grant is often more 

20           arduous than writing the grant.  The state 

21           has all sorts of things that you have to go 

22           through in order to access these grants.  You 

23           have to use certain criteria to hire 

24           engineers and whatnot.  And sometimes they 


                                                                   440

 1           have to be approved by the state, and 

 2           sometimes the engineer being approved isn't 

 3           the one in your region and is someone in 

 4           New York City for upstate New York that 

 5           they've approved.  

 6                  There's all sorts of issues with 

 7           grants.  And so a lot of towns, I can tell 

 8           you -- you have to remember, 58 percent of 

 9           the towns in this state have under 

10           15,000 people.  We're talking about very 

11           small budgets, very small staffs.  They can't 

12           administer this stuff.

13                  This is why, for us, these formula 

14           programs are so important because it's easy 

15           for a town in order to get a formula -- to 

16           get the formula to get the AIM, get the 

17           CHIPS, get the -- say, the SWAP, hopefully, 

18           someday.  But grants are very difficult for 

19           communities because it takes so much time.

20                  Very often the state is very slow on 

21           reimbursement, too.  A lot of the grants you 

22           have to put the money up, then you have to 

23           wait a year -- sometimes two, maybe three -- 

24           to get it back.  Towns don't have that kind 


                                                                   441

 1           of money to do that.  So it's very difficult.  

 2                  I tried a lot to find these efficiency 

 3           grants with other local governments, and very 

 4           often it's hard to get people with the same 

 5           priority -- say, local governments with the 

 6           same priorities.  For example, a town and a 

 7           village trying to work together, very 

 8           difficult, because they have different 

 9           priorities.

10                  SENATOR RYAN:  But I don't think -- 

11           but I would hope that it wouldn't be, right?  

12           So before I was in county government, I was 

13           in town government.  I was a deputy 

14           supervisor.  And we did a lot of work with 

15           our village, which was literally right across 

16           the parking lot.  

17                  But I don't know if this $8 million is 

18           sufficient, but I would -- I mean, I would 

19           hope, right, and I know that we tried to make 

20           sure that municipalities cooperate.  Like we 

21           made local government more efficient.  

22                  But if -- I guess if I'm hearing -- 

23           but the second question is, is that your 

24           opinion with NYSAC too?  With other --


                                                                   442

 1                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Thank you, Senator.  

 2           And welcome to the State Senate.

 3                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Thank you.

 4                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I did want to just 

 5           recognize and thank Senator Mayer and 

 6           Assemblyman Steven Otis for their work on 

 7           EMS.  And I would encourage the body to 

 8           follow the work that they're both doing on 

 9           EMS for all of us collectively in local 

10           government, because we've been working for 

11           years together on that.

12                  With respect to your question, 

13           Senator, 100 percent agree with Chris.  

14           Counties, generally speaking, are not taking 

15           advantage of that program for the same 

16           reasons that Chris articulated.  

17                  I would encourage you to shift the 

18           money elsewhere to local governments.

19                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  I'm sorry, say 

20           that again?

21                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I agree with what Chris 

22           said, and I would encourage you to shift the 

23           allocation to other local government 

24           programs.  It's generally speaking not 


                                                                   443

 1           something that counties are using.

 2                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Okay.  Well, so 

 3           let me ask you -- so in a follow-up to that, 

 4           so I guess then I would be interested to hear 

 5           how we could do that better.  Because if -- 

 6           obviously if it's going to be in the budget 

 7           and there's money allocated for sharing of 

 8           services, grant programs to make local 

 9           government more effective, more efficient -- 

10           you know, if there are barriers, if there is 

11           red tape, if you have to put up the money -- 

12           say, if it's a small town or village that 

13           doesn't have the capital to put that forward 

14           to then get reimbursed two or three years 

15           later, if they want to share a piece of 

16           equipment, a dump truck, whatever you want to 

17           say.

18                  Obviously because at the end of the 

19           day, we're here for the taxpayers.  So I 

20           guess that's the question.  So I'd love to 

21           hear more about that.

22                  MR. KOETZLE:  So I think we're talking 

23           two different things here.  Grants obviously 

24           have generally that issue that I -- or those 


                                                                   444

 1           issues I articulated.  

 2                  As far as the efficiency grants, I 

 3           think the biggest -- you know, I'm just going 

 4           to be honest about my experience in local 

 5           government, as many of you have had.

 6                  The issue you have, more than 

 7           anything, is labor.  Right?  The biggest 

 8           problem is you have turf wars.  Say, for 

 9           example, let's take the Town of Glenville in 

10           Schenectady County, and the Village of 

11           Scotia, which is right inside the Town of 

12           Glenville, and we both have a hard time 

13           getting police officers today.  We don't have 

14           the police officers we used to have.

15                  So we say to the Village of Scotia:  

16           Well, why don't we at least just combine our 

17           command staff.  Right?   Your chief is 

18           retiring, we have a chief, we have a 

19           lieutenant, but we have an open lieutenant 

20           spot, you have a lieutenant -- let's combine 

21           at least the command staff.

22                  That was DOA with the PBA.  It just 

23           wasn't happening.  

24                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  Well, 


                                                                   445

 1           interestingly, so we -- let's see, '24 -- I 

 2           don't know, 15 years ago on the town board we 

 3           tried to merge police departments.  And, you 

 4           know, it just didn't happen.  But I don't 

 5           know -- we don't want to get -- I certainly 

 6           don't want to get into a place where I'm 

 7           suggesting what towns and/or villages do.

 8                  I'm not saying -- I'm just saying -- 

 9           taking a step back, holistically looking and 

10           see if there's a way that we can utilize this 

11           program, if we can utilize it more 

12           efficiently, more effectively, and more often 

13           so that we can make government -- local 

14           government, town government, village 

15           government, state government, county 

16           government -- more effective, then I think we 

17           should do that.  And I'm certainly open to 

18           the conversation.

19                  MR. ACQUARIO:  One suggestion, if I 

20           may, Chris, is that we had asked for the 

21           shared services program to have the ability 

22           to use a portion of the funds for 

23           administration.  So perhaps a suggestion we 

24           have to you --


                                                                   446

 1                  SENATOR RYAN:  I'm asking.  I'm 

 2           asking.

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  -- constructively, in 

 4           this program -- 

 5                  SENATOR RYAN:  Okay.

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  -- and Chris is spot 

 7           on.  I mean, we need some administrative -- 

 8           the ability to use some of the funds for 

 9           administration, to help access these 

10           programs.

11                  MR. KOETZLE:  And I think, Senator, 

12           maybe an idea.  I think more practical than 

13           through grants is providing direct funding or 

14           credits towards the tax cap, right?  So if 

15           there's an achieved savings between the two 

16           municipalities, help with providing that 

17           credit on the tax -- lower the burden of the 

18           tax levy in those towns with direct credits, 

19           not grants through a grant program.  

20                  So I think this is a very unique and 

21           early stage idea, but I think if you're open 

22           to a conversation, we should maybe take some 

23           time and sit down and talk about how that 

24           might be able to work.


                                                                   447

 1                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  I'd love to.

 2                  MS. VAN EPPS:  And the only thing I 

 3           will add is that they have done some 

 4           tinkering with these programs over the last 

 5           couple of years in terms of maximum amounts 

 6           you can get and also how much you can spend 

 7           on studying versus implementation, which I do 

 8           think has helped.

 9                  So I do think there's room to make 

10           changes, because they've already sort of 

11           paved that road for us.

12                  SENATOR CHRIS RYAN:  I'm done.  Thank 

13           you.  

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

15                  Assembly.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Ra.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Thank you.  

18                  Good afternoon, everybody.

19                  So CHIPS.  As you may be aware, in 

20           this Executive Budget proposal the Governor 

21           is adding money to the DOT capital plan in 

22           recognition of the fact that costs have gone 

23           up as it comes to paving roads in recent 

24           years.  And I know we've talked in the past 


                                                                   448

 1           about materials.  All of the changes and 

 2           costs that mean that the same amount of money 

 3           doesn't pave the same amount of miles as it 

 4           did a year ago, two years ago, three years 

 5           ago, five years ago.  

 6                  So I'm wondering if you have any sense 

 7           of if we were to -- because I think the 

 8           Governor is kind of making our argument for 

 9           us with regard to this.  I mean, certainly 

10           we're advocating for increases to CHIPS.  But 

11           any sense of what that number would look like 

12           if we did something comparable to -- as an 

13           increase in the CHIPS program to make sure 

14           that we're keeping up and able to pave the 

15           same number of roads? 

16                  MR. KOETZLE:  Well, asking for a 

17           number -- asking for a number -- do you have 

18           any?

19                  MR. ACQUARIO:  We don't have that 

20           number with us right now.  

21                  I mean, the CHIPS program is one of 

22           the best things that you ever did.  Again, 

23           it's a formula-driven program.  

24                  The counties have 85 percent of the 


                                                                   449

 1           bridges -- that's what we do -- over 20 feet 

 2           long, we maintain bridges.  Towns largely -- 

 3           mostly have the roads, local roadways.  

 4           Cities and villages, everything in between.

 5                  What we do -- what we can say to you, 

 6           Assemblyman, is that every million dollars 

 7           that you invest in CHIPS has an exponential 

 8           amount of job creation.  The amount of jobs 

 9           that it creates and spins off into the 

10           private and public sector is tremendous.  

11                  And as far as the cost of goods and 

12           services, we don't have that right now, but 

13           we do appreciate the question and thank you 

14           for your support of the program.

15                  MR. KOETZLE:  The Comptroller does 

16           have something in a study on what it would 

17           cost to maintain all the roads in New York 

18           State over the next 20 years.  And it's 

19           somewhere in the billions, obviously.

20                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Several billions.

21                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Several billions, yeah.

22                  MR. KOETZLE:  Several billions.  So we 

23           don't have it broken down by county, town, or 

24           cities, but certainly it would be a 


                                                                   450

 1           significant investment.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Okay.  And then about 

 3           the clean water side of things.  I mean, it 

 4           sounds like essentially what you're saying is 

 5           a CHIPS-like program, but for water 

 6           infrastructure.  Correct?  

 7                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yes.  Yes.  I mean, I 

 8           think our logic is you are gracious enough to 

 9           give us money for CHIPS, right, so we pave 

10           our roads -- and I've seen this as a 

11           supervisor repeatedly.  You pave the road, 

12           and then there's a water main break.  And 

13           then you've got to dig that road up and fix 

14           that water main break.  

15                  If we're not maintaining our -- and as 

16           I mentioned, for towns and cities it's 

17           probably even older.  Our water systems are 

18           60 years old now most of the times.  They are 

19           failing.  So we're getting more and more 

20           water main breaks.  So why are we investing 

21           on the road level when we're not investing 

22           under the road?  

23                  And in order just to change those 

24           water mains out before we repave the road, 


                                                                   451

 1           that would be a huge, huge help for us.

 2                  So yes, formula, there's a -- and 

 3           let's make the formula fair for towns.  But 

 4           certainly it would be better than grant-based 

 5           programs.

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I think, Assemblyman, 

 7           on the earlier question that you asked, I was 

 8           thinking about -- that's why we have 

 9           $250 million in our testimony, because 

10           that -- we believe it keeps things status quo 

11           right now.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Thank you.

13                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I'll just add that the 

14           only -- one thing that I think makes CHIPS so 

15           popular is that it's predictable and it is 

16           based on a formula that makes sense.  And it 

17           also helps us with those preventive -- the 

18           preventive maintenance, the day-to-day 

19           operations, the day-to-day upkeep that will 

20           help you avoid those crisis situations where 

21           you then need several million dollars in 

22           grant money.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  And on the water, you 

24           know, I recently met with one of my village 


                                                                   452

 1           mayors -- a relatively small village.  We're 

 2           actually doing a follow-up meeting at the end 

 3           of this week.  Now that the residents have 

 4           become aware of lead pipe service lines, 

 5           they're all asking us, "Okay, what's next?  

 6           What's the next step here?" 

 7                  And as you know, you know, it's great 

 8           to have the $500 million that we've allocated 

 9           year after year after year, but we've put 

10           very, very little of it towards that.  And 

11           I'm just wondering if you're hearing from 

12           your members concerns that my residents are 

13           saying, Hey, you just told me I have lead in 

14           my service line and, what, I have to replace 

15           it for 10,000 or $15,000? 

16                  MR. KOETZLE:  Lead and PFOAs are a 

17           crisis, and our residents know it.  And 

18           they're asking about it.  

19                  I'll put that in perspective just for 

20           a moment.  Town of Glenville, because 

21           obviously prior experience, we're a 

22           30,000-person town.  But only 11,000 people 

23           are on the water.  Okay, 11,000 people are on 

24           water.


                                                                   453

 1                  Before I left service there and came 

 2           here to the Association of Towns, we got an 

 3           estimate from our engineer that it's going to 

 4           cost us $22 million to upgrade our water 

 5           plan, $22 million.  PFOA's now being found in 

 6           the -- 

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Hold that -- hold 

 8           that -- hold that thought, please.

 9                  Senate?

10                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Thank you.  

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay.  You know 

12           what?  I'm going to take mine, because I want 

13           you to answer that sentence.

14                  MR. KOETZLE:  Okay.

15                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  So please 

16           continue with your answer.

17                  MR. KOETZLE:  So with the PFOA issue 

18           now, obviously the DEC and EPA, rightfully 

19           so, are lowering the legal amount of PFOAs 

20           allowed in the water system.  And also, by 

21           the way, it's going to happen in the sewer 

22           systems too, the outflow as well, because 

23           that PFOA comes right back out into the 

24           environment through that system.  So 


                                                                   454

 1           rightfully so, they're lowering the levels 

 2           that are acceptable.  

 3                  Right now they're higher.  So towns in 

 4           particular will have to now have filtration 

 5           systems to take out these PFOAs that 

 6           corporations put into our water systems.  We 

 7           didn't do it.  But now we have to do that.  

 8                  So now I get hit with, okay, 

 9           $22 million just to upgrade and modernize 

10           your water plant for 11,000 people, but your 

11           PFOA, now, cleaning system is an 

12           $8 million -- on top of the $22 million, an 

13           $8 million capital investment.  And then the 

14           operational costs of taking those carbon 

15           filtration systems out and disposing of them 

16           and putting new ones in either on a monthly 

17           or quarterly basis is huge for a town.

18                  So those are the issues that we're 

19           dealing with with clean water for towns 

20           trying to deliver that to their residents.  

21           And I would say that it's going to be 

22           unaffordable for folks.  

23                  We tie it back to affordable housing.  

24           All this just comes back on the resident, and 


                                                                   455

 1           they can't afford that any longer.

 2                  MR. ACQUARIO:  You know, I couldn't 

 3           agree more, Senator, with the PFAS situation 

 4           that we have, 1,4-dioxane on Long Island.  

 5           PFOA, PFOS, pervasive over the island.  I 

 6           think we've just scratched the surface of 

 7           what we know to be in our drinking water 

 8           systems.  

 9                  And New York is the leader in the 

10           United States right now, and the standards 

11           that we have imposed, thanks to you, all the 

12           great work that's done by our state -- but 

13           this is going to be a massive cost to clean 

14           up and maintain our clean drinking water from 

15           PFAS and 1,4-dioxane.

16                  We need $40 million to implement the 

17           lead -- the new lead testing program and to 

18           set up the registry.  You mentioned that; it 

19           came up from one of the prior speakers.  It 

20           was a great thing that you did in lowering 

21           the blood levels, but you never funded it.  

22                  And for us to do that work is 

23           extremely hard.  And I know Chris loves 

24           counties to do a lot of work out there in 


                                                                   456

 1           their communities.

 2                  MR. KOETZLE:  You're so good at it.

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, we are good at 

 4           it.

 5                  (Laughter.) 

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  But we need funding.  

 7                  And so I encourage you -- and I really 

 8           want to double down on what Chris is talking 

 9           about with PFOA and PFOS.  It is going to be 

10           a very difficult thing that corporations 

11           polluted our drinking water and local 

12           taxpayers are being required to clean it and 

13           maintain it for the next 50 years by changing 

14           these filtration systems.

15                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  So I want to ask 

16           you all, so I've been doing this now for 

17           23 years up here in the Senate, and I thank 

18           you all for your work and your members.  And 

19           I have watched the Cuomo Hunger Games 

20           competitions that never worked or made sense, 

21           and you described water grants being some -- 

22           you know, you apply and if you are good at 

23           writing a grant you might get money for your 

24           water and somebody else might not.  I've 


                                                                   457

 1           heard disagreements over who gets to control 

 2           EMS, even though we all agree we need good 

 3           ambulance service everywhere.  

 4                  When Albany tries to dictate what you 

 5           should do and how, it never really seems to 

 6           work.  So can you get together and actually 

 7           propose to Albany, somehow, a model that 

 8           actually provides equity and fairness and 

 9           rationale to a structure where you have 

10           counties and within counties you have bigger 

11           cities, which are sometimes not as big as 

12           their towns and vice versa.  And then if you 

13           go into Long Island, don't even start about 

14           how many levels of government there are 

15           there.

16                  (Laughter.)

17                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  That, like, are 

18           there other states that have just figured out 

19           how to do it better and more equitably?  

20           Because, Stephen, when you talked about it in 

21           your testimony, I think about the Governor's 

22           $1 billion for environmental -- you know, 

23           she's talking capital.  But you're talking 

24           about the importance of money to the 


                                                                   458

 1           localities so that you can plan to do these 

 2           things, so that you can have rational 

 3           exercises in how to get the things done we 

 4           know we need.

 5                  I think that's a perfect example of 

 6           what I'm hoping that everybody could just 

 7           say, you know, we've got to change what we're 

 8           doing, all of us.  So in some counties they 

 9           share their money with towns and cities; in 

10           some counties they don't.  I never understood 

11           that.  But that's how it works.

12                  And again, I just come from this 

13           little town called New York City.  So it's 

14           five counties that's all one government, and 

15           we don't have all these layers.  We do lots 

16           of things wrong, but we don't have all of 

17           that.

18                  So do you think it's realistic that 

19           you can all come up with a better model?   

20           Because I've watched Albany for 23 years -- 

21           you know, mergers, acquisitions, grants, 

22           carrots, sticks, efficiencies -- I don't see 

23           that helping any of you.  And I want it to 

24           work better.  So is -- like, have you looked 


                                                                   459

 1           at other states?  Do they have a better 

 2           model? 

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  You mean with the 

 4           state?  I'm not sure I understand the essence 

 5           of the question.

 6                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  So -- well, 

 7           because what I'm hearing is you all need more 

 8           resources.  I get it.  And we actually do 

 9           want the regional models of service delivery.  

10           That makes sense, particularly when you can 

11           have a town with three people next to a city 

12           with four people, right, within a county of 

13           12 people.  Or the reverse.  That it's not 

14           working.

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Right.

16                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And so we don't 

17           give you enough money, I'll accept that.  But 

18           we're also almost clueless on how to do 

19           equitable and fair distribution in 

20           relationship to populations and what you 

21           need.  And we don't want duplication of 

22           effort.  I don't think any of you want 

23           duplication of effort.  You want a good, 

24           equitable system for clean water, roads, 


                                                                   460

 1           emergency response, police, et cetera.  

 2                  So we don't seem to get there.  So I 

 3           just am looking for, you know, a new idea 

 4           about how we get there.

 5                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, to answer your 

 6           question, yes, I think we should get 

 7           together, the three associations, and come 

 8           talk to you about what we came up with.  

 9                  But I think you have to appreciate the 

10           evolution of how we got to where we are 

11           today.  Why did the State of New York require 

12           the counties to fund the non-federal share of 

13           Medicaid?  It was only after that that you 

14           did the first sales tax in Erie County to pay 

15           entirely for Medicaid.  

16                  So the amount of programs and services 

17           that counties are mandated in the State of 

18           New York is unlike any other state in the 

19           United States.  And I'm not here to complain 

20           about that.  We're here to serve the people.  

21           We work together.  

22                  But it's difficult when we need 

23           funding on 1100 categories from the county 

24           level.  And the towns, cities and villages 


                                                                   461

 1           may not need funding categories in those 

 2           particular areas.  Therefore, Chris is asking 

 3           for a focused concentration of funding for a 

 4           particular area.  

 5                  So from our perspective with any state 

 6           service, any state service, we're delivering 

 7           it.  Any health and human services, 

 8           corrections, everything.  Mental health, 

 9           opioids.  Every single program is being 

10           delivered and funded in large part through 

11           county property taxes.  And so it's a 

12           complicated question that you pose.

13                  I know Governor Cuomo tried.  I know 

14           Governor Hochul continues to try to do this.  

15           But I think if you listen to us and some of 

16           the issues that we're raising, for me it's 

17           the county infrastructure program.  We use 

18           that for housing.  We're trying to achieve 

19           the state's goals to ask you for 100 million, 

20           to ask you for 250 million in CHIPS funding.  

21           These are the priorities of our governments.  

22                  As Barbara mentioned, she met with 

23           200 people today.  I met with a hundred 

24           county officials today.  That's what they 


                                                                   462

 1           told me, to come to you to say, Bring up 

 2           these particular programs and let us manage 

 3           our affairs.

 4                  This is a home-rule state.  We're 

 5           enshrined in the Constitution.  Despite what 

 6           others may want it to be in the state, we are 

 7           not a Dillon's Rule state.  We're a home-rule 

 8           state.  A Dillon's Rule state is the local 

 9           governments can only act on what you allow 

10           them to act on.  And a home-rule state is the 

11           other way around.  Our powers are enshrined 

12           in the Constitution.  So we want to use those 

13           powers without disruption of the state.  

14                  So I'll stop there.

15                  MR. KOETZLE:  So, Senator, I so 

16           appreciate that question.  It's a phenomenal 

17           question.  So thank you for that.

18                  And I don't want to leave the 

19           impression that local governments aren't 

20           working well together.  We work not just as 

21           associations, but our governments work very, 

22           very well together.  We know what our jobs 

23           are, we all know the division of labor in 

24           those jobs, and we all deliver those 


                                                                   463

 1           frontline services every single -- critical 

 2           services every single day to our residents.

 3                  I think in respect to our relationship 

 4           with the state, my perspective -- again, more 

 5           so maybe as a supervisor -- is that the state 

 6           is so diverse, right, in so many ways.  And 

 7           state policy is not.  State policy is, like, 

 8           this is how we want it.  Well, that doesn't 

 9           work in Western New York, or it doesn't work 

10           in the Adirondacks, or it may not work for 

11           towns, it may work for counties.

12                  I say let's figure out a way how we 

13           can build a partnership between local 

14           government and state government.  I don't 

15           feel it's as strong as it can be.  How can we 

16           help you achieve your policy goals by going 

17           out and working with our local governments on 

18           what you're trying to achieve? 

19                  And there's no better example of that 

20           than in energy policy.  We have, like it or 

21           not, many, many towns that are rural with 

22           farmland that do not want solar.  

23                  I have to stop.

24                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  We have to stop 


                                                                   464

 1           at that one.

 2                  (Laughter.)

 3                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 5                  Assemblyman Schiavoni.

 6                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  Thank you, 

 7           Chair, and good afternoon.  Thank you for 

 8           being here.

 9                  As a former town councilmember and 

10           former trustee in a village, I appreciate 

11           what you do and that your members certainly 

12           are where the tires hit the pavement, if you 

13           will.  So your testimony is incredibly 

14           important.

15                  Getting back to the ambulance corps 

16           conversation.  Our ambulance corps, they come 

17           in many different forms.  They're, you know, 

18           private corporations that are contracted 

19           either by a village or a town.  Some of them 

20           are under fire districts.  And it's I believe 

21           your contention that the county should take 

22           them over.

23                  MR. KOETZLE:  Ambulances.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  Excuse me?


                                                                   465

 1                  MR. KOETZLE:  If you're going to --

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  Ambulances, 

 3           right.

 4                  MR. KOETZLE:  If you're going to 

 5           mandate ambulance to be a critical service 

 6           provided by municipalities, it's my 

 7           contention that it should be at the county 

 8           level.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  I come from a 

10           county with a population of 105 million {sic} 

11           people.  We're bigger than the State of 

12           Maine.  And I certainly wouldn't want to be 

13           the State of New York telling towns and 

14           villages, you know, what to do with their 

15           EMS.  Particularly when they're staffed with 

16           volunteers, dedicated volunteers who have 

17           spent hundreds of hours, thousands of hours 

18           of training, and they love their community 

19           and love their folks in the community.

20                  I agree with you that something needs 

21           to happen.  I believe some kind of 

22           streamlining as far as municipal law to 

23           govern these, kind of like a fire district or 

24           something.  You know, Assemblyman Otis has a 


                                                                   466

 1           bill in --

 2                  MR. ACQUARIO:  He does.

 3                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  -- that I 

 4           think there is something there.  

 5                  But it kind of goes to the shift 

 6           between volunteerism and professional staff.  

 7           I know in my district, most of our ambulance 

 8           corps are now some sort of hybrid.  So are 

 9           you advocating for that, a shift to 

10           professional staff? 

11                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Absolutely not.  There 

12           is no way they can afford it.

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  But it would 

14           be a huge hit taxwise to our -- 

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Look, the policy is 

16           just wrong to shift it to the counties.  It's 

17           just wrong.

18                  What is right is let the local 

19           governments work it out amongst themselves.  

20           No town wants to abrogate an EMS program and 

21           shift it to the county.  I've never heard of 

22           that except for Chris bringing it up today.  

23           This is the first time I've ever heard of 

24           this.


                                                                   467

 1                  (Laughter.)

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN SCHIAVONI:  Okay, so I 

 3           agree with you, and I'll stop you there 

 4           because I've got 34 seconds.  

 5                  I appreciate your list as far as 

 6           civil service reforms to help all of you, and 

 7           I'll throw in our school districts as well.

 8                  And lastly, you mentioned that 

 9           63 percent of the roads in the State of 

10           New York are town roads.  I love this 

11           statistic.  Do you have traffic statistics?  

12           I don't expect you to have it here.  But if 

13           you can do that for towns, villages, and 

14           county, that certainly I believe would go a 

15           long way to get funding from the State of 

16           New York.  

17                  I know what you do.  I know what a 

18           culvert is.  You know, it's -- just for one 

19           example.  

20                  MR. KOETZLE:  We certainly do.  I want 

21           to circle back.

22                  Steve and I like each other even 

23           though it doesn't seem that way.

24                  (Laughter.)


                                                                   468

 1                  MR. KOETZLE:  But I'm only saying --

 2                  (Time clock sounding.)

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Oh, let him finish!

 4                  (Laughter.) 

 5                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?

 6                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay.

 7                  Senator Walcyzk.

 8                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  You were saying? 

 9                  (Laughter.)

10                  MR. KOETZLE:  If you're going to 

11           mandate it, then it belongs there.  I'm not 

12           suggesting you do mandate it.  I'm just 

13           saying if you do.

14                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  I'm glad you two 

15           like each other.  

16                  The chairwoman of Finance today at 

17           16:47 -- it's February the 4th, 2025 -- said:  

18           When Albany tells you what to do, it never 

19           seems to work.

20                  UNIDENTIFIED VOICE:  Hear, hear!

21                  (Laughter.)

22                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  So to the 

23           Association of Counties, what percentage of 

24           county budgets go to unfunded mandates or to 


                                                                   469

 1           mandates to the county?   What percentage of 

 2           your county budget? 

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  If I had to take a 

 4           guess, I'd say about 85 percent of the county 

 5           budget is mandated.

 6                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  And if you had to 

 7           ballpark the total in billions of dollars -- 

 8                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Ten, 8 billion.  We 

 9           send 14 billion to Albany every year.

10                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  You sent $14 billion 

11           to Albany for these mandated programs that 

12           Albany mandates to the counties in a 

13           home-rule state?

14                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes.  And I'm not here 

15           to complain about that, even though it's 

16           crushing us.  

17                  Look, we're a dual-purpose government.  

18           Wouldn't we like to provide EMS services if 

19           the towns wanted us to?  Of course we would.  

20           But we're completely shackled with 

21           state-mandated programs.  We are an 

22           administrative arm of the state, but we're 

23           also a general-purpose unit.

24                  That's why we do EMS -- 911, excuse 


                                                                   470

 1           me, 911 services.  That's why a county has a 

 2           911 operation.  But we don't if the city 

 3           wants to do it.  It's absurd to mandate 

 4           county takeover of a function like that when 

 5           the other unit of government wants to do that 

 6           service.

 7                  But yes, we are buried in unfunded 

 8           mandates and it's crippling our ability to 

 9           innovate locally and do things like Chris 

10           wants us to do.

11                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Just as a follow-up, 

12           so if 85 percent of your budget and 

13           $14 billion are just in meeting the state's 

14           mandates, how can counties even consider 

15           lowering property taxes?  How do they do 

16           that? 

17                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, it's through 

18           innovation.  It's through trying to do things 

19           more efficiently.  But it's just marginal on 

20           what we can do.  We can't.  We can't.

21                  We tried to, we tried to here and 

22           lower -- but this is the first year that I've 

23           seen eight counties breach the state's 

24           property tax cap.  What kind of message does 


                                                                   471

 1           that send? 

 2                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Ms. Van Epps, on 

 3           village PDs, what do you need from the state 

 4           for recruitment and retention?  Police 

 5           departments. 

 6                  MS. VAN EPPS:  What are we hearing 

 7           from the state? 

 8                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  What do you need? 

 9                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Oh, what do we need.  

10           Oh, my gosh, it's all about resources, 

11           unfortunately.  I mean, that's what it boils 

12           down to, being able to -- you know, Chris 

13           mentioned, you know, the competition with the 

14           private sector.  We have people poaching from 

15           other agencies.  I mean, it's all about 

16           resources.

17                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Thank you.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.  

19                  Assemblyman Burke.

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you, 

21           Mr. Chair.

22                  How are you guys doing today? 

23                  MR. KOETZLE:  Good, how are you? 

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Good.


                                                                   472

 1                  I just have a general question about 

 2           connectivity amongst municipalities, you 

 3           know, across the state, specifically when it 

 4           comes to the trains.

 5                  So I'm in Buffalo.  I have to travel 

 6           to Albany quite a bit.  It's my understanding 

 7           it was quicker in 1924 to get from Buffalo to 

 8           Albany than it is in 2024.  That's, you know, 

 9           aside from unacceptable as a government.  Any 

10           structure where you have to move people to 

11           connect economies to function, that's 

12           ridiculous.

13                  Do you have positions on this?  Have 

14           you -- you know, there's been I know a bunch 

15           of studies, and we'll hear it in the -- some 

16           will say tens of billions of dollars.  Some 

17           will say you can do enough modifications even 

18           in like the $2 billion range to be very 

19           strategic, to actually make it even 

20           reasonable to move people.  

21                  But when, you know, we're talking -- 

22           we're talking about taxes a lot.  We're 

23           talking about, you know, local 

24           municipalities' like reticence to raise 


                                                                   473

 1           taxes.  Some of that is because of just -- 

 2           like obviously like people can only bear so 

 3           much.  But when your buying power is 

 4           challenged all the time in our current 

 5           economy and the cost of, say, transportation 

 6           is up exponentially for a family, how are we 

 7           not seriously talking about this in such -- 

 8           it seems actually completely unserious that 

 9           we govern that way.  That a hundred years 

10           later we somehow move people slower in such 

11           an important, you know, transportation 

12           medium.  

13                  Can you comment, please? 

14                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I'll comment.  Thank 

15           you for the question.

16                  And we couldn't agree more.  You can't 

17           fly; there's no flights.  You've got to go 

18           through Pennsylvania to get to Buffalo.  

19                  I think we need a massive, big, bold 

20           plan and invest in high-speed rail.  I mean, 

21           this is the Empire State.  Florida does it.  

22           I don't know why we don't have that major 

23           investment in high-speed rail.  We would 

24           100 percent support it.


                                                                   474

 1                  We built the Thruway, the Erie Canal 

 2           before others did.  We were the innovators.  

 3           And I 100 percent support your initiative.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  I mean, I would 

 5           love high-speed rail.  I'll take -- I'll take 

 6           normal-speed rail.  I'll take -- I'll take 

 7           1924 rail.

 8                  (Laughter.)

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  I'll take about 

10           anything other than what we have, which is, 

11           you know, the hell-rail that we have now.  

12           Not only is it incredibly slow and 

13           infuriating doing it, it's also just 

14           incredibly uncomfortable.

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I think -- 

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  You know, it's 

17           hot.  It's --

18                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I think Long Island and 

19           Hudson Valley and the Capital District and 

20           other parts of the state would like to see 

21           Western New York, and they just can't.  It's 

22           too far.  

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Yeah.

24                  MR. ACQUARIO:  If there were ways to 


                                                                   475

 1           get there quicker, people would visit there.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  When we saw the 

 3           five big city mayors who were here earlier, 

 4           you know, they're talking about their 

 5           struggling regions, their struggling 

 6           economies.  You know, transit-oriented 

 7           development is a very real thing.  

 8                  So again, if you can't connect Buffalo 

 9           to Rochester to Syracuse to Albany -- if you 

10           can't do that effectively, like, then really 

11           what are we doing here?  And I know we invest 

12           a lot in roads and highways and CHIPS and we 

13           talk about all the money we have to do for 

14           roads and we talk about electric cars.  But 

15           an efficient, environmentally friendly way to 

16           move people, it just -- you can imagine how 

17           much time I personally spent sitting on a 

18           train thinking about this and being angry 

19           about it.

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  So I would just 

22           like to -- I just want to take this 

23           opportunity to address, like, what is a 

24           priority for me, and that I would like to 


                                                                   476

 1           continue the conversation with you going 

 2           forward.

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Absolutely.

 4                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yes.

 5                  ASSEMBLYMAN BURKE:  Thank you.

 6                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Senator Borrello.

 7                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  Thank you, Tom. 

 8                  Thank you all for being here.

 9                  I spent 10 years in county government, 

10           as Mr. Acquario knows.  And, you know, we 

11           talk about unfunded mandates, but I really 

12           want to talk about the growth of those in so 

13           many ways.  You know, back when I was -- when 

14           I first became a Senator, went from county 

15           executive to Senator, about one in three 

16           New Yorkers was on Medicaid.  Now it's close 

17           to half, five years later.  And New York 

18           State has gone out of their way to invite 

19           people from around the world to come to 

20           New York and to live on Medicaid, 

21           essentially, the most expensive Medicaid 

22           program in the nation.  

23                  And Steve, particularly to you, you 

24           know, how has this impacted our county 


                                                                   477

 1           budgets?

 2                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, Medicaid is an 

 3           $8 billion program.  You have two programs 

 4           that consume 85 percent of all your available 

 5           revenue at the state level.  What you do here 

 6           now, until April 1st, is for two programs:  

 7           education and Medicaid.

 8                  So what happens in Washington, D.C. -- 

 9           who knows what's going to happen in 

10           Washington, D.C.  But I'll say this.  If 

11           there's any tweaks to the Affordable Care 

12           Act, if there's any adjustments to the 

13           eFMAP -- the enhanced federal Medicaid 

14           assistance percentage -- that Washington 

15           could potentially do, it will completely blow 

16           a gigantic hole into your state Medicaid 

17           budget.

18                  So what does it mean for us?  It means 

19           everything.  We can't fund and innovate and 

20           get enhanced 911 services or fix our bridges 

21           or focus more on our economic development or 

22           do more for our seniors and our aging.  

23                  It's everything, Senator.

24                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  Well, and, you 


                                                                   478

 1           know, that's the thing, you know.  When you 

 2           think about county government and your tax 

 3           dollars, your property tax dollars -- and 

 4           town government as well -- you know, people, 

 5           it's -- quite frankly, the thing that people 

 6           expect from local government are things that 

 7           aren't quite frankly -- not often mandated, 

 8           you know?  

 9                  Emergency services, road and bridge 

10           maintenance and repair, you know, senior 

11           services, veterans' services -- that's what 

12           people expect from county government.  And 

13           those are the things, quite frankly, that if 

14           you have to cut in order to fill those 

15           unfunded mandates, you're going to have to 

16           cut.  

17                  So what I want to touch on, just 

18           briefly, is EMS.  You know, when I was in 

19           county government we created a Fly Car system 

20           so we could support our local volunteers.  

21           And it's worked well, but it's been costly.  

22           But it is saving lives.  That, to me, is the 

23           way for county governments to support that, 

24           and I know that that's something I think we 


                                                                   479

 1           should fund more of here, and the thoughts on 

 2           that, so that we can close the gap and get 

 3           those calls answered quickly.

 4                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, 100 percent.

 5           That's what counties are doing.  Like 

 6           counties like Wayne County is doing just 

 7           that, taking over EMS for the towns there.  

 8           It's happening.  Albany County does a Fly 

 9           Car, Montgomery County does a Fly Car 

10           service.  It's something worth investing in.

11                  SENATOR BORRELLO:  Thank you.

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

13                  Assemblyman Otis.

14                  ASSEMBLYMAN OTIS:  Thank you all.  

15           Thank you for your good testimony and 

16           especially all the discussion about EMS 

17           today, which is very helpful moving the 

18           issue.  

19                  And I'll just say briefly, EMS should 

20           not be a one-size-fits-all thing, that in 

21           some places it works in municipal, 

22           intermunicipal, county and/or regional, and 

23           it varies.

24                  But I have a question for each of you, 


                                                                   480

 1           which is one of the issues is identification 

 2           of where we have gaps.  And so I guess the 

 3           premise I have is it would probably, in my 

 4           mind, make sense that counties, towns, 

 5           cities, and villages work together to try and 

 6           identify where gap areas are in any part of 

 7           the state.  Does that make sense to each of 

 8           you?  

 9                  If you could -- and you're free to 

10           riff further on EMS more, but let's start 

11           with what's the best way or the quickest way 

12           to identify where we have gap areas.

13                  MR. KOETZLE:  Gaps in EMS?

14                  ASSEMBLYMAN OTIS:  Gaps in EMS.

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, we have to find 

16           the gaps.  I think perhaps funding a study 

17           makes sense from the New York State 

18           Department of Health.  I mean, why would you 

19           disrupt something that's working in 

20           Westchester County and working well?

21                  I mean, and it's all about response 

22           time.  When I hear 18 minutes in the 

23           Adirondacks to get an ambulance, an EMS 

24           vehicle to someone's house, that's 


                                                                   481

 1           unacceptable.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN OTIS:  Let me just ask the 

 3           question -- and we want to hear from 

 4           everybody.  But don't your members in most 

 5           areas of the state have a sense of where 

 6           their areas are that have coverage --

 7                  MR. KOETZLE:  Yes.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN OTIS:  -- and where there 

 9           are areas where we have gaps?  

10                  MR. KOETZLE:  Rural areas.  Rural 

11           areas are certainly struggling with coverage, 

12           no question about it.  

13                  And it's multilayered, right?  You 

14           don't have the volunteers, you don't have the 

15           finance and the money for that.  This whole 

16           issue is multilevel.

17                  Workforce development -- I've talked 

18           to private companies.  In my town, a private 

19           company covers it.  They don't have workforce 

20           folks any more.  So when they send a rig out 

21           to cover something, they send that rig to the 

22           hospital and they have to stay at the 

23           hospital for whatever the rules for that are, 

24           they're stuck there, they don't have anyone 


                                                                   482

 1           else.

 2                  And so the more rural you get, the 

 3           more difficult that becomes for a community 

 4           to provide those services.

 5                  ASSEMBLYMAN OTIS:  Thank you.  

 6                  And Barbara, we have 43 seconds left.

 7                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I would just echo yes.  

 8           And that was one of the things I had 

 9           mentioned earlier, was this lack of data 

10           doesn't allow us to know where those gaps 

11           are.  

12                  And certainly communities know when 

13           they're having gaps, but the issue is coming 

14           together and somehow bringing -- you know, 

15           getting comprehensive data attached to tell 

16           us where that is, where those gaps are.

17                  I do want to get on record, though, 

18           that, Steve, I am not necessarily saying that 

19           the counties need to take it over.  I just 

20           think we need to take a countywide -- 

21                  MR. KOETZLE:  Thank you, Barbara.

22                  MS. VAN EPPS:  -- or regional 

23           approach --

24                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Oh, thank God.


                                                                   483

 1                  MS. VAN EPPS:  -- to looking at it, 

 2           which would help us do exactly what you're 

 3           suggesting, which is to identify those gaps.  

 4                  But we can't do that community by 

 5           community.  We have to come together and 

 6           bring all that data together and then 

 7           identify where those gaps are.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN OTIS:  Thank you all.

 9                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

10                  Senate?

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

12                  Senator Fahy.

13                  SENATOR FAHY:  Thank you.  Thank you, 

14           Chair.

15                  Thank you and welcome.  Good to see 

16           each of you.  I missed some of the EMS 

17           debate, so I will -- or discussion here.  It 

18           looks like it was a lively one.  So I look 

19           forward to following up on that and learning 

20           a little bit more.

21                  And I also thought we had made some 

22           real progress on Medicaid, but happy to 

23           follow up to see where we still -- it looks 

24           like while we've made that progress, I know 


                                                                   484

 1           we still have work to do.

 2                  A couple of things.  I want to thank 

 3           each of you for your work on short-term 

 4           rental, the bill that I carried for seven 

 5           years, worked with Senator Hinchey on.  Can 

 6           you just give me a minute, either of -- any 

 7           of you, on where we are with implementation?  

 8           And do you still expect tens of millions of 

 9           dollars in receipts on this, or has any of 

10           that changed?

11                  And again, I also hope that you're 

12           already seeing some impact with the fact that 

13           it seems to be empowering more towns and 

14           villages to really push back and focus on 

15           where this might -- the short-term rentals 

16           may be fueling the housing shortage supply.  

17                  So on any of those fronts, if you 

18           can ...

19                  MR. KOETZLE:  I haven't seen 

20           implementation yet in the towns, so I can't 

21           report on that.  

22                  One of the things I brought up 

23           earlier, I'm not sure if you were in the room 

24           for or not, but we -- the towns will not see 


                                                                   485

 1           really a revenue growth because we don't get 

 2           the hotel occupancy, we don't get the sales 

 3           tax by right.

 4                  There are places where obviously 

 5           there's some share, but you have to go and 

 6           negotiate a share.  But not all counties 

 7           share the sales tax.  So we're not going to 

 8           see that.

 9                  We do believe hopefully it's going to 

10           be helpful with the shortage in housing 

11           availability, especially with trying to limit 

12           the multi, you know, company trusts buying 

13           these homes -- 

14                  SENATOR FAHY:  Yes.

15                  MR. KOETZLE:  -- which would be 

16           phenomenal and greatly appreciated.  But from 

17           the towns' perspective, we haven't seen any 

18           implementation yet.  

19                  SENATOR FAHY:  Okay.  Okay.

20                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I don't think we're 

21           there yet, either.  

22                  But I did mention earlier in my 

23           testimony that we do appreciate, you know, 

24           this bill getting done and all your efforts 


                                                                   486

 1           on it, along with Senator Hinchey.  

 2                  We do see this as a great benefit to 

 3           have municipalities have that data in one 

 4           place so they can actually see where these 

 5           short-term rentals are and what are the 

 6           impacts they may or may not be having on 

 7           housing, as well as the whole issue of the 

 8           taxation and leveling the playing field.  We 

 9           think that's of great benefit as well.

10                  SENATOR FAHY:  Yes.  Thank you again 

11           for the help.  

12                  Any impact thus far or any concerns or 

13           any projections that you have made on some of 

14           the proposed federal funding cuts?  I don't 

15           think any of those have hit you directly 

16           right now, but I don't know if there's 

17           anything you want to comment on in terms of 

18           what you're hearing of projections.

19                  Mr. Acquario, I already heard you 

20           mention Medicaid.  

21                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yeah.

22                  SENATOR FAHY:  Anything else on that? 

23                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, I mean, on the 

24           STR, I want to congratulate you personally 


                                                                   487

 1           and Senator Hinchey and all of you for 

 2           passing that legislation.  That was historic 

 3           what you did.  I think it's a national model, 

 4           and I think the best is yet to come on that.

 5                  SENATOR FAHY:  Thank you.

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  It is going in the 

 7           right direction, and we're very appreciative.

 8                  SENATOR FAHY:  Thank you.

 9                  Thank you, Chair.

10                  (Off the record.)

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

12           Kassay.

13                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Thank you very 

14           much for your testimony and your 

15           representation.  

16                  Coming from village government myself, 

17           I was compelled to represent us at the state 

18           level in the district because I understand 

19           that at local government levels sometimes 

20           these issues feel like David versus 

21           Goliath -- you know, big economic 

22           infrastructure and environmental issues.  

23                  So I'm going to sprint through three 

24           questions, and after you can grab those.


                                                                   488

 1                  So sewers.  In my district alone we 

 2           have communities like Coram and 

 3           Gordon Heights that have blighted commercial 

 4           areas.  There are incredibly passionate and 

 5           smart residents who are trying to work 

 6           through these so that they can have daycares 

 7           and multifamily developments and all the 

 8           housing, but sewers is where the conversation 

 9           stops.

10                  In just a few words, could you tell me 

11           the best way for the state to help Coran and 

12           communities like it better navigate or have 

13           the state provide better access to sewers for 

14           communities? 

15                  MR. KOETZLE:  Formula-based funding.  

16           SWAP.

17                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Formula-based 

18           funding, all right.

19                  MS. VAN EPPS:  I would agree with 

20           that.

21                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  All right.  Do 

22           we have consensus?

23                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Fabulous.  


                                                                   489

 1           Wonderful.  Thank you.

 2                  (Laughter.)

 3                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  So that brings 

 4           us to housing.  We need to diversify the 

 5           housing stock.  So currently there's a lot of 

 6           multifamily developments going up in 

 7           Suffolk County, but a lot of it almost 

 8           exclusively is rental because of the 

 9           structure of the IDAs.

10                  Are there conversations happening with 

11           your members where we can -- where it is 

12           maybe looking at restructuring the IDAs so 

13           that there's not that financial incentive, 

14           there's more parity so that we have a diverse 

15           housing stock, you know, affordable but both, 

16           you know, affordable for first-time home 

17           buyers and other folks, different stages in 

18           life, as well as affordable rentals?  

19                  MR. KOETZLE:  IDAs get involved in 

20           the -- yes, I said earlier that I think 

21           that's appropriate, that would be fine.

22                  The issue that towns have is that very 

23           often county IDAs make the decisions and then 

24           we give away the town's resources.


                                                                   490

 1                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Right.

 2                  MR. KOETZLE:  We would like to see 

 3           that gap closed and let the towns have more 

 4           control over their own --

 5                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  I'd love to 

 6           be -- you know, learn more about that from 

 7           your perspective and see how the state might 

 8           be able to, you know, guide or assist in 

 9           that.

10                  Last question:  Municipal waste.  So 

11           especially on Long Island where we have, you 

12           know, geographic constraints -- but I think 

13           all throughout the State of New York -- we're 

14           really facing questions on how to deal with 

15           municipal waste.  Would your members be 

16           interested in increased state support for 

17           regional conversations as far as how to deal 

18           with our waste crisis? 

19                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yeah, I think the waste 

20           crisis is a real one.  And I think we need to 

21           look to recycling efforts.  Organic recycling 

22           can process municipal solid waste and solve 

23           Long Island's problems.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Great.


                                                                   491

 1                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Let me also say, 

 2           Assemblywoman, on the Governor's proposal for 

 3           hedge funds owning private housing stock, I 

 4           think that's -- her program, the proposal 

 5           makes a lot of sense.

 6                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Oh, that was my 

 7           stand up and clap moment at the State of the 

 8           State.  So excited.  So many friends can't -- 

 9           you know, can't get in there.  So looking 

10           forward to supporting that.

11                  Thank you very much.

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senate?  

13                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator O'Mara.  

14           Oh, excuse me.  Senator Rolison next.

15                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Thank you, 

16           Madam Chair.  

17                  It's good to see all of you here 

18           today.  I really appreciate the discussion 

19           amongst the three of you as well on 

20           complicated issues.  It's a good example of 

21           how people get together and figure things 

22           out.

23                  And as someone who was in local 

24           government for 19 years, it sometimes seems 


                                                                   492

 1           to be easier on the other side because you're 

 2           just reacting to get things done based on 

 3           what the state tells you to do, whether they 

 4           get the funding or not, because you don't -- 

 5           so I appreciate that.

 6                  And, I want to thank my colleagues.  A 

 7           lot of great questions today back and forth 

 8           here in the hearing room.  And so I wasn't 

 9           really sure what I was going to ask because 

10           many of the questions have already been 

11           asked.  But one of the things in local 

12           government, county government, there has been 

13           sort of an example of a go-to person that can 

14           help navigate amongst the various departments 

15           within those governments.  

16                  And I've heard here and I've heard 

17           back home in the district that that is needed 

18           in Albany when it comes to various state 

19           agencies.  That you all have to work through 

20           funding streams, regulations, reporting 

21           requirements, and it takes so much time, 

22           effort, and sometimes the staff that you 

23           don't have.  Why don't we have it, I think 

24           would be -- would be -- and what would you 


                                                                   493

 1           say to that to make it easier to navigate a 

 2           very complicated system?  

 3                  Again, going back to real quickly, is 

 4           that yeah, the money's there, but you can't 

 5           get it.  Or it takes forever to get it and 

 6           you can't lay out the in-kind, so to speak, 

 7           that comes with this, and sometimes many 

 8           projects don't get done.

 9                  So I would think -- and you don't have 

10           to give it to me now, because I've got a 

11           minute and 25 seconds, but I think that is 

12           needed up here in various state agencies.

13                  MR. KOETZLE:  I think if you provided 

14           a grant advocate from the state that would 

15           help local governments find the right source 

16           and administer grants, I think that would be 

17           a home run.

18                  MS. VAN EPPS:  And even just a 

19           clearinghouse.  You can find it -- you know, 

20           you have to go to the DOH website to find the 

21           grants that DOH offers, EFC's website to find 

22           EFC's grants.  There's no one place you can 

23           go to find all the grants that the state 

24           offers.  


                                                                   494

 1                  And that's something we've been 

 2           working on in NYCOM, trying to pull all ofo 

 3           that together to have it in one place.

 4                  MR. KOETZLE:  The CFA process, not to 

 5           leave that out, is a little bit difficult for 

 6           local governments as well, smaller 

 7           governments.  They don't know how to interact 

 8           with the counsel.  They don't know these 

 9           folks who are kind of bigwigs in the 

10           community.  They need help understanding that 

11           whole process -- getting into the portal, 

12           filling it out, all of that.  It would be 

13           huge if you have an advocate.

14                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Mr. Acquario, 

15           30 seconds.

16                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Senator, I agree 

17           completely.  You would know, being a mayor 

18           and chairman of a county legislature, it's a 

19           complicated system.

20                  The state agencies are extremely 

21           complicated.  The federal agencies are even 

22           more difficult for us to access grants.  For 

23           the public, trying to interact with state 

24           agencies is extremely difficult.  But we 


                                                                   495

 1           would definitely support what you're saying.

 2                  SENATOR ROLISON:  Thank you.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

 4           Levenberg.

 5                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN LEVENBERG:  Thank you so 

 6           much for your testimony.  

 7                  As so many of my colleagues, I also 

 8           served in local government, as town 

 9           supervisor in Ossinging, and so I understand 

10           so many of the issues that you've discussed 

11           today and obviously am sympathetic.

12                  I did want to kind of talk a little 

13           bit about sales tax, because a couple of you 

14           brought up that sales tax isn't shared.  And 

15           I had a bill talking about sales tax 

16           transparency, which would require I think 

17           it's the Department of Taxation and Finance 

18           to disclose information that they already 

19           have so that we understand where the sales 

20           tax is being generated.  

21                  Because part of what I've heard is 

22           that, you know -- I mean, certain counties 

23           that don't share their sales tax, many of the 

24           local municipalities feel like they're not 


                                                                   496

 1           getting back the services that they need or 

 2           the money to support the services that they 

 3           need.  I'm just curious what you think about 

 4           that.  

 5                  And then my follow-up question -- I'm 

 6           just going to give them both to you because I 

 7           only have three minutes -- is about housing.  

 8           I mean, you know, obviously we talked a lot 

 9           about it.  And I think, Barbara, you're the 

10           one who said -- or I can't remember.  One of 

11           you said, you know, we want to help you help 

12           us.  Well, what do you think is the best way 

13           that we can actually help municipalities?  

14                  One of the things that we're looking 

15           at is actually asking for more money for that 

16           Pro-Housing to use specifically for the 

17           planning to get the grants or to get to 

18           become a Pro-Housing Community.

19                  But, you know, what else can we do as 

20           a state to make sure that we help with those 

21           neighborhood defenders, I guess we could call 

22           them, and some of the issues that hold up the 

23           development of housing?  Not just 

24           infrastructure; we talked a lot about that 


                                                                   497

 1           already.

 2                  MR. KOETZLE:  I'll take sales tax 

 3           quick, because it is a town issue.  Towns do 

 4           not get it by right, as we all know.  Some 

 5           towns do share, they're generous enough to 

 6           share.  Some do not.

 7                  But the question was asked about how 

 8           do counties, you know, with the levy, how do 

 9           they give a tax cut?  The answer is simple. 

10           Sales tax growth.  Right?  We have record 

11           sales tax growth.  Counties are benefiting 

12           from that.  Towns by and large are not.  

13                  So even where they do share sales tax 

14           with the towns, many of them don't share the 

15           growth in the sales tax, and that's where the 

16           real money is.  So the Town of Glenville and 

17           Schenectady, we get a flat 2 million.  And 

18           all that growth that occurred, we didn't get 

19           a penny of that because the county doesn't 

20           share.  

21                  So giving towns some ability to share 

22           sales tax would be phenomenal for towns, 

23           absolutely.

24                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Thanks.


                                                                   498

 1                  MS. VAN EPPS:  If I can just quick 

 2           chime in on the housing.  I mean, I mentioned 

 3           earlier some of the things that the Governor 

 4           proposed in the budget are going to be very 

 5           helpful, including the support for 

 6           infrastructure.  

 7                  But also the broadening of some of 

 8           those tax credits, because our municipalities 

 9           are saying they need more flexibility so that 

10           they can really take advantage of them but 

11           also not to be boxing developers in by 

12           putting too many requirements on them, 

13           because they're walking away from projects as 

14           a result.

15                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN KASSAY:  Thank you.

16                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

17                  Senator?

18                  (Laughter.)

19                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Senator Tom 

20           O'Mara is making me laugh, and he still gets 

21           five minutes.

22                  (Laughter.)

23                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Five minutes.  

24           Hopefully we can do this in less than 


                                                                   499

 1           five minutes.

 2                  Thank you all for being here.  It has 

 3           been a very good panel.  So thank you for 

 4           your input on this.

 5                  Steve, from the county's perspective, 

 6           you mentioned a few answers with 

 7           Senator Walczyk on the total amount of 

 8           unfunded mandates that the county is 

 9           carrying.  What was that amount again? 

10                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Unfunded mandates? 

11                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Yeah.

12                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, it's 8 billion in 

13           one, in Medicaid.  And it's about 

14           14 billion -- 

15                  SENATOR O'MARA:  So Medicaid's still 

16           about 8 billion.

17                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Eight billion, each and 

18           every year from the --

19                  SENATOR O'MARA:  And if those unfunded 

20           mandates were funded fully by the state for 

21           the services the counties are providing, what 

22           would the counties -- in your opinion, what 

23           would the counties' response be as far as how 

24           far would they lower property taxes based on 


                                                                   500

 1           the easing up of those unfunded mandates? 

 2                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, you could lower 

 3           property taxes or share sales taxes with 

 4           towns. 

 5                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Does that go over 

 6           well? 

 7                  MR. KOETZLE:  We -- we're going to 

 8           hold them to that.

 9                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Yeah, right.

10                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I mean, obviously local 

11           governments want to work together.  And if we 

12           can share taxes, sales taxes with towns and 

13           others, we would.  And we are, and we do.  

14                  But it's hard to do that when you're 

15           doing a billion dollars in delinquent 

16           property taxes that we're making the towns 

17           whole with.  

18                  So it's a complicated thing.  When you 

19           pull the string, these local governments have 

20           evolved over the years working together 

21           locally and sharing things locally based on 

22           what they negotiate through MOUs.  So I would 

23           really caution you on making changes in that 

24           regard.


                                                                   501

 1                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Caution on making 

 2           changes in what regard? 

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Requiring counties to 

 4           share sales taxes.

 5                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Oh, no, I'm talking 

 6           about the unfunded mandates and what the 

 7           county's reaction would be -- I mean, would 

 8           it be a dollar-for-dollar reduction in 

 9           property taxes? 

10                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes.

11                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Probably not.

12                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes, Senator.

13                  SENATOR O'MARA:  It would be a 

14           dollar-for-dollar? 

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes, Senator 

16                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Counties would commit 

17           to that? 

18                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes.

19                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Excellent.

20                  The last couple of years there's been 

21           some changes the Governor has made to the 

22           eFMAP funding.  What's your understanding of 

23           where that stands now?  That was kind of an 

24           off-budget thing that was done.  And what's 


                                                                   502

 1           the impact to the counties been over the last 

 2           two years of that holdback of eFMAP funds 

 3           that were supposed to go to the counties from 

 4           the federal government but didn't get to 

 5           them? 

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, it's over a 

 7           billion dollars right now that has been 

 8           intercepted.  It was an egregious act by the 

 9           state.  It was wrong.

10                  What happened?  We fought it, the 

11           hardest we've fought anything, and we lost 

12           it.  And you heard the City Council speaking 

13           about that today, that they want that money 

14           back.  I don't know what Washington, D.C., 

15           will do with respect to that.

16                  But as long as that is on the books, 

17           this is a $400 million loss for the counties.

18                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Now is it -- from 

19           your perspective, was that a scenario that -- 

20           certainly the Governor took that unilateral 

21           action to hold that money, intercept that 

22           money.  But the Biden administration allowed 

23           that to happen, right? 

24                  MR. ACQUARIO:  They were complicit, 


                                                                   503

 1           yes.  And that's partially the reason why 

 2           eight counties exceeded their property tax 

 3           cap this year.

 4                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Do you have any hope 

 5           that there will be a different interpretation 

 6           or approach on that by the Trump 

 7           administration in Washington now? 

 8                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I think Medicaid is one 

 9           of the number-one policy areas that the new 

10           administration's going to be looking at in 

11           Washington, D.C.  How they interpret that -- 

12           do they reduce the floor for New York State, 

13           which would throw New York State into chaos?  

14           Do they create block grants for Medicaid for 

15           the states, which would also throw our state 

16           into chaos?  

17                  Right now every program that you 

18           create in Medicaid, you draw down a 50-cent 

19           match.  They may change that.  

20                  So I don't have the answer to that, 

21           Senator.  Perhaps.

22                  SENATOR O'MARA:  These are the various 

23           multiple, many waivers that New York State 

24           has obtained from the federal government to 


                                                                   504

 1           even multiply the Medicaid dollars that come 

 2           to the state.

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Yes.  Yes.

 4                  SENATOR O'MARA:  So those are in 

 5           jeopardy.

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Those are definitely 

 7           going to be looked at in a different lens 

 8           now.

 9                  SENATOR O'MARA:  Thank you.  Thank you 

10           all.

11                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

12                  Assembly?  

13                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblywoman 

14           Shimsky.

15                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  I think I'll 

16           start with the subject area that's basically 

17           the counties' purview, so the two of you can 

18           take a little bit of a lap.

19                  Public health.  That is something we 

20           saw with COVID, how vital having a strong 

21           public health system is.  They obviously have 

22           to work closely with the state.

23                  How do you see our public health 

24           infrastructure on the county level 


                                                                   505

 1           functioning, and what do we need to do to 

 2           strengthen it? 

 3                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, I think it's 

 4           resilient.  I think that the counties were 

 5           heroes.  They had heroic efforts during 

 6           COVID.  And I can't applaud them enough for 

 7           distributing body bags, to distributing N95 

 8           masks and everything in between.  But they 

 9           are in desperate need of an Article VI public 

10           health increase.  

11                  I mean, we need to increase 

12           Article VI.  We only get 36 percent.  You 

13           heard New York City talk about this today.  A 

14           few years ago, you, at the request of the 

15           Governor, eliminated the medical examiner 

16           from being reimbursed under Article VI.  

17           That's wrong.  You should return to that and 

18           we should try to innovate on regional medical 

19           examiner offices and other functions that 

20           counties do, coroners and medical 

21           examiners -- incredibly important, but 

22           excluded from Article VI public health.

23                  That's important to New York City, 

24           that's important to the 57 counties.  So I 


                                                                   506

 1           really strongly encourage you to look at an 

 2           opportunity to increase Article VI public 

 3           health spending.

 4                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  We'll do a 

 5           follow-up on that.  

 6                  Is that -- we were talking before 

 7           about how the counties really don't use much 

 8           the intermunicipal cooperation and efficiency 

 9           agreements.  Do you think that -- is there 

10           something in the law that excludes the 

11           counties' ability to use that for such issues 

12           as coroners and medical examiners?  Or is 

13           that something that may actually breathe new 

14           life into that part of the program? 

15                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I think it's better off 

16           through Article VI public health 

17           reimbursement, as opposed to applying for a 

18           grant.  For all the reasons that Chris 

19           elaborated, it's just not worth it.

20                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  The grants --

21                  MR. ACQUARIO:  It's not worth it.

22                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  Yeah.  Well, 

23           one of the things we're going to have to do 

24           and one of the things I wanted to bring up, 


                                                                   507

 1           too, is compliance.  

 2                  We all know how important compliance 

 3           is.  But sometimes when the scandal of the 

 4           year happens, there's another layer of 

 5           compliance put on.  And it's not clear that 

 6           that compliance is going to solve the 

 7           problem, but it adds to everyone else's 

 8           expense.

 9                  Do you see a way of -- and this is a 

10           jump ball for all three of you in 9 seconds.  

11           What should we do about that? 

12                  MR. ACQUARIO:  I'm just --

13                  MR. KOETZLE:  I lost three.

14                  (Laughter.)

15                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN SHIMSKY:  I'll ask next 

16           year.

17                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay.

18                  Senator Rachel May.

19                  SENATOR MAY:  Thank you.  Thank you.   

20                  So Syracuse has the highest child 

21           poverty in the country, the fastest-rising 

22           rents.  It's got -- for the first time ever 

23           the homeless population has more families 

24           with children than single individuals.  


                                                                   508

 1                  Today the Faith-Based Affordable 

 2           Housing Coalition was here arguing for that 

 3           policy that would allow faith institutions to 

 4           use their land to build affordable housing to 

 5           house the people who -- it's in their mission 

 6           to try to help.  

 7                  Last year, local governments went 

 8           ballistic against this policy.  So what can 

 9           be done to bring local governments along?   

10           What changes are needed in that policy in 

11           order to make what seems to me like a 

12           no-brainer to use that land, to use those 

13           missions, to really get some affordable 

14           housing in communities where there isn't 

15           enough? 

16                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, I'll just lead us 

17           off here.  

18                  First of all, I'm sorry that Syracuse 

19           has that level of poverty.  That's -- I have 

20           been watching that over the years, and it 

21           seems to have gotten worse.  

22                  But when I convened 20 county 

23           executives three weeks ago and we talked 

24           about this issue, of all the issues that were 


                                                                   509

 1           on the table, they all talked about 

 2           homelessness and how to deal with it.

 3                  Monroe County actually bought a hotel, 

 4           instead of renting it, because the state was 

 5           so difficult on the regulations, how much it 

 6           was costing for a room for one person -- 

 7           $1100 a day to rent the one room with 

 8           children in there -- it made no sense.  So 

 9           they bought the hotel.

10                  There's better ways to do it.  We have 

11           to focus on how to help the counties help the 

12           homelessness.

13                  MS. VAN EPPS:  The only thing I will 

14           add is that our members -- you know, this has 

15           been such a controversial issue.  But 

16           everybody recognizes that homelessness is an 

17           epidemic across our -- particularly our 

18           cities.  

19                  And the one thing that we get a little 

20           bit frustrated with -- again, Steve, I don't 

21           want you to think we're picking on you -- is 

22           that a lot of the resources for these types 

23           of services go to the counties, but it's the 

24           cities that are really dealing with these 


                                                                   510

 1           people 24/7.  And so we want the state to 

 2           come together in using, you know, our -- 

 3           talking with us as well about how to better 

 4           allocate these resources so they will go to 

 5           the communities that are actually performing 

 6           some of those services.

 7                  Not that the counties aren't, but the 

 8           counties are more 9-to-5, where we're 24/7 

 9           and we're dealing with people on the streets 

10           at 2 a.m.  And so we just want to talk a 

11           little bit more about how we can better 

12           allocate those resources.

13                  MR. KOETZLE:  And on this, I just want 

14           to quickly remind my friend Steve that 

15           counties make towns whole on property taxes 

16           because towns do not have foreclosure power 

17           like counties have, and that's why.  

18                  So one doesn't have anything to do 

19           with the other on the sales tax.

20                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Actually, it does.  The 

21           United States Supreme Court just ruled we 

22           can't keep any surplus.  So we're stuck with 

23           that.

24                  MR. KOETZLE:  But you get your money 


                                                                   511

 1           back.  We can't.

 2                  MR. ACQUARIO:  We don't get our money 

 3           back.

 4                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  (Mic off.)  

 5           Senator Alexis Weik.

 6                  SENATOR WEIK:  Thank you very much.  

 7                  I want to thank you very much for your 

 8           testimony today.  I can't agree with you more 

 9           when you say that local control is the best 

10           way to do it, having come from local 

11           government as well.

12                  I want to go back to the unfunded 

13           mandates.  I'm just curious, at each level, 

14           are there antiquated unfunded mandates that 

15           we could look to do away with?  I know how 

16           difficult it is when you talk about property 

17           taxes and how you're going to lower property 

18           taxes, when three-quarters of the bill is 

19           typically school taxes.  It's not town and 

20           county that's really making it unaffordable 

21           for people to buy homes.  

22                  And so when we do that, one of the 

23           ways we could look to make trims to that is 

24           to perhaps look at any unfunded mandates that 


                                                                   512

 1           could be antiquated, duplicative.  Is there 

 2           anything that could be eliminated or that you 

 3           would ask to have eliminated? 

 4                  MR. KOETZLE:  If I can jump in quick.  

 5           Senator, this is a great question because my 

 6           staff and I were just talking today that we 

 7           are going to study this and we're going to 

 8           come to you -- maybe not this year -- we're 

 9           going to come to you with a Local Government 

10           Modernization and Efficiency Act with a bunch 

11           of things in there.  

12                  And some of the things you've already 

13           called out on that are some simple things 

14           like, you know, requiring us to put 

15           everything in the newspaper, all our notices 

16           in the newspaper, is incredibly expensive to 

17           the town.  If we could use our internet, if 

18           we could use social -- if we can use 

19           modern-day tools, it would save us a 

20           tremendous amount of money.  

21                  There's a whole bunch of stuff in the 

22           MS4 program now that is -- new mandates have 

23           just come down that require us to do a lot 

24           more work there, so we have to hire more 


                                                                   513

 1           people.  

 2                  But we're starting to identify those 

 3           kind of antiquated things in at least town 

 4           government and how can we move forward and 

 5           save money.  So we'll be coming back to you 

 6           with a report on that.

 7                  SENATOR WEIK:  I look forward to that.  

 8                  And is there any kind of duplicity 

 9           {sic} between the village to the town and the 

10           town to the county where perhaps you could be 

11           working better together and eliminate 

12           unfunded mandates in that manner as well?  

13                  MR. KOETZLE:  I mean, think we could 

14           all work together better always, right?  But 

15           I think we have a pretty clear division of 

16           labor on the duties that we provide for our 

17           residents.  

18                  But, you know, you can look at places 

19           like the DPWs we all run or the DOTs we all 

20           run and try to figure out can we do more with 

21           sharing salt sheds, can we share more 

22           equipment.  There's more that I think can 

23           always be done there.

24                  It's a lot more difficult than it 


                                                                   514

 1           sounds, because very often if we're sharing a 

 2           piece of equipment between the county and the 

 3           town -- and we both need it at the same time 

 4           very often, so it becomes very hard for that 

 5           to --

 6                  SENATOR WEIK:  I'm just trying -- like 

 7           as far as unfunded mandates go.  

 8                  MR. KOETZLE:  Oh, unfunded mandates.

 9                  SENATOR WEIK:  With the purpose of 

10           trying to trim down some of those unfunded 

11           mandates in order to make your budget a 

12           little better and to be able to offer those 

13           lower amounts.  

14                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Well, the towns don't 

15           have any unfunded mandates.  That's just the 

16           counties.

17                  MR. KOETZLE:  That's not true.

18                  MR. ACQUARIO:  So what we would 

19           suggest is in the age zero to five-year-olds 

20           for special education, in early intervention 

21           and preschool special education, those areas, 

22           we have to do and can do a better job with 

23           the -- there's two state agencies involved 

24           here.  


                                                                   515

 1                  You have the Department of Health with 

 2           a newborn to a three-year-old, and the 

 3           Department of Education from a three-year-old 

 4           to a five-year-old.  They're not integrated.  

 5           The care is not consistently from the child's 

 6           life from zero to five, and then six to 12 

 7           goes to yet another system.  

 8                  So I think we could do a better job, 

 9           save money there.  It's duplicative between 

10           what the counties are doing, the school 

11           districts are doing, the State Education 

12           Department and the Health Department.  So 

13           that's one area.

14                  The other area I would mention is 

15           Part 730, mental health competency.  When you 

16           have to stand for a criminal charge, you have 

17           to be deemed competent.  The state changed 

18           that from a fifty-fifty partnership.  They 

19           didn't put it on the towns, they put it on 

20           the counties to pay the other 75, 100 percent 

21           of that cost for mental competency right now.  

22           That has gone up 3,000 percent in some 

23           counties.

24                  So mental health competency, big 


                                                                   516

 1           mandate, unfunded.

 2                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Can I just chime in? 

 3                  The ones we talk about most -- and 

 4           again, we just had our 200 mayors in town -- 

 5           Scaffold Law, prevailing wage, the fact that 

 6           we can't use design-build.  Those are the 

 7           things that our people focus on because 

 8           that's hurting our economic development.

 9                  And I know that some of them are 

10           third-rail issues, but that's what we talk 

11           about when we talk about unfunded mandates.

12                  SENATOR WEIK:  Thank you very much.

13                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Thank you.

14                  MR. KOETZLE:  Thank you.

15                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  All right.  I 

16           think Senate's done.

17                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senate's done.  The 

18           Assembly's done except for me and my pearls 

19           of wisdom.

20                  I just find it interesting that it's 

21           going to take over a year to figure out what 

22           unfunded mandates you have.  If they're so 

23           antiquated, they should be on the tip of your 

24           tongue.  I mean, the county, he came up 


                                                                   517

 1           with -- you know, he came up quick.  

 2                  I'd have to disagree with you about 

 3           affordability of housing.  You said if we 

 4           lowered property taxes, it would make houses 

 5           more affordable.  That flies in the face of 

 6           economics.  Because if we lowered the price 

 7           of a -- if we lowered -- if we made it more 

 8           affordable, more people would want it.  

 9                  The object now is to buy in desirable 

10           areas.  So the more desirable an area, the 

11           more the costs are.  And it really has 

12           nothing do with those costs if someone can 

13           afford it.  

14                  I did a quick study once, and some of 

15           my colleagues might remember this, when I 

16           asked a group of well-to-do people in 

17           Westchester:  How many people of you own a 

18           home or a condo or a co-op?  And, you know, 

19           80 percent raised their hand and said yes.  

20           And this was a conference where we were 

21           talking about affordable housing.  

22                  And I said, How many of you are 

23           willing to sell your home or your condo, your 

24           co-op, for less than you paid for it?  And no 


                                                                   518

 1           one said yes.

 2                  And I said:  There's your problem.  

 3           The problem is us.  We all want more than 

 4           what it is that we paid for whatever it is 

 5           that we have.  And we've blocked out anyone 

 6           that's in the same income level that was 

 7           where we were when we bought what we have.  

 8                  Does that make sense?

 9                  UNIDENTIFIED LEGISLATOR:  That makes 

10           sense to me.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  So things -- the 

12           only way to make something affordable is 

13           something none of us want to do, and that is 

14           to make our area, our town, our village, our 

15           city less desirable.  

16                  And if you lower the desirability of 

17           some place, then you're going to have people 

18           wanting to buy there but not willing to pay 

19           as much.  And then none of us want to do 

20           that.  Making things, you know -- it's just 

21           going to be difficult.  

22                  And, you know, the unfunded mandates 

23           that the counties have -- I mean, Steve, I 

24           don't know if you know the history behind 


                                                                   519

 1           that, but when Medicaid first came about, it 

 2           was a group of individuals in the Senate in 

 3           New York that thought that all the poor 

 4           people in New York lived in New York City 

 5           where those D's lived, and we're going to put 

 6           some of it on them. 

 7                  So instead of doing what every other 

 8           state did, which was to pay -- the state paid 

 9           half and the feds paid half, they put a 

10           quarter of it on the counties and a quarter 

11           on the state and half on the feds.  And lo 

12           and behold, there's a whole bunch of people 

13           in the other 60-x counties in the State of 

14           New York that no one thought existed.  But 

15           when it came time for the funding or paying 

16           the Medicaid, they all showed up.  So that's 

17           where that is.

18                  Now, there are some mandates that we 

19           would like to get rid of.  But I had a 

20           similar conversation in a meeting with school 

21           superintendents, there were a couple of 

22           school districts there, and they were 

23           complaining about unfunded mandates.  And I 

24           said, Which mandates do you not want?  And 


                                                                   520

 1           they couldn't think of a single one, because 

 2           every one that they had was important to that 

 3           school district or to their school districts.

 4                  So just to eliminate mandates is not 

 5           the answer, because someone has to pay for 

 6           it.  And, you know, it turns out it's all of 

 7           our constituents are actually the ones that 

 8           are paying for it, whether they're our county 

 9           constituents, town constituents, village 

10           constituents, city constituents, state 

11           constituents.  It doesn't matter.  They're 

12           all New Yorkers in the case that we're 

13           talking about.

14                  So we do have some issues that we have 

15           to look at.  We do have things that we have 

16           to do.  We can try to save some money.  I'm 

17           frightened half to death right now about 

18           what's coming out of Washington, because 

19           you're all -- everyone sitting at that table 

20           depends in some way on federal funding.  And 

21           I'm hearing they're shutting down the 

22           Department of Education, not paying this, not 

23           paying that -- those costs are all going to 

24           translate to the counties, the state, the 


                                                                   521

 1           cities and villages at some point in time.  

 2           And I think it will make this -- not only 

 3           this state, but this country unaffordable.  

 4                  But anyway, that was just me rambling 

 5           on.  I want to thank you all for your 

 6           participation in this.  If you have any 

 7           response to anything that I said, I'd love to 

 8           hear it.  Yes?

 9                  MR. KOETZLE:  I would, Assemblyman, 

10           and I appreciate your comments.  And I don't 

11           disagree.  

12                  Affordable housing is very, very 

13           difficult with many, many, many different 

14           layers.  There's no question about it.  And 

15           there's a lot of different ways to attack it.  

16                  My only suggestion was -- and I'll 

17           just use my own personal example.  Fifteen 

18           years ago I bought my house, and my mortgage 

19           was a thousand dollars and my property tax 

20           was $650.  Today my mortgage is a 

21           thousand dollars and my property tax is 

22           $1200.  That makes that house a lot less 

23           affordable.  

24                  Now, that's only on me.   We could 


                                                                   522

 1           take that and any other house you want to 

 2           take.  But that makes that so much less 

 3           affordable for people.  I have three 

 4           children; all three of them are trying to buy 

 5           houses today.  Not one of them can afford a 

 6           house today, because of the property tax and 

 7           the fact that house pricing has gone through 

 8           the roof because of some of the things we 

 9           addressed with the Senator where we have 

10           houses -- you know, these multi-trusts buying 

11           these houses up and things like that.

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I don't think the 

13           difference between the property tax 15 years 

14           ago and the property tax now has anything to 

15           do with affordability.  The affordability 

16           comes with the inflation and the increase in 

17           the value.

18                  If you paid $100,000 for your house 15 

19           years ago and now you want $900,000 for that 

20           exact same house, that's not because the 

21           property tax went up, you know, double.  

22           That's because inflation and the desirability 

23           of the property that you own has increased 

24           the perceived value in a prospective buyer.


                                                                   523

 1                  MR. KOETZLE:  Right.  But the wages 

 2           have not kept up with property taxes.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Well, that is my 

 4           point.  That's my point.  When your house 

 5           goes up to what you're going to ask for it 

 6           now, the wages haven't gone up, so what 

 7           you've done is priced out every individual 

 8           that was earning what you were earning when 

 9           you qualified for your mortgage 15 years ago.  

10           So you priced them out.

11                  So now instead of having to earn 

12           $50,000 to buy your house 15 years ago, you 

13           have to earn $150,000, because you're raising 

14           the price of your house too much.  It had 

15           nothing at all to do with the property taxes.  

16           The property taxes went to schools, it went 

17           to police, it went to fire, it went to 

18           garbage removal, it went to health, it didn't 

19           go to anything.

20                  MR. KOETZLE:  And some of these -- and 

21           some of these mandates.  But then, you know, 

22           I -- we do know what the mandates are.  I 

23           didn't have time to go through all the 

24           mandates, but we do know what the mandates 


                                                                   524

 1           are.  

 2                  And my friend Steve is incorrect; 

 3           there are a tremendous amount of mandates on 

 4           towns.  I mentioned some of them.  I 

 5           mentioned the newspaper mandate, that's huge.  

 6                  But when you look at the building 

 7           code, right?   You folks all implement the 

 8           building code, but where does that fall to 

 9           implement it?  It falls to local governments.  

10           So every time there's a new mandate out of 

11           the building code, we have to go and enforce 

12           it.  And often towns, we don't have the 

13           inspectors to be able to do that.  

14                  New fire standards, when they come in, 

15           we have to be the ones doing all the fire 

16           inspections now.  That falls to towns.  It 

17           doesn't fall to counties, it falls to towns.

18                  When you look at MS4 -- we could be 

19           here for a whole 'nother, you know, couple of 

20           hours on MS4 regulations and what's now is 

21           being mandated -- the new MS4 mandates on 

22           towns.  We don't have the people, we can't 

23           afford the people to go -- and now we have to 

24           inspect not just our outflows, we have to 


                                                                   525

 1           inspect every private outflow in the entire 

 2           town.  And now you look at my town, the Town 

 3           of Glenville, that's going to require three, 

 4           four new people.  That's the most expensive 

 5           cost we have to a town.  

 6                  So the mandates that require things 

 7           that require employees is extremely, 

 8           extremely expensive.

 9                  So, you know, I'm looking forward to 

10           working on how we can make housing more 

11           affordable.  I think it's a crisis of our 

12           time, there's no question about it.  We're 

13           here to help, we're here to try to find 

14           answers to that.  And if we can find answers 

15           to mandates at least being funded, that would 

16           be -- that would be tremendous.

17                  But we'll have a whole comprehensive 

18           list for you.  We just don't have time today 

19           to go through the entire list.  And I don't 

20           want to take time from my colleagues.  I know 

21           Steve has a -- wants to say something too.

22                  MR. ACQUARIO:  The only thing -- 

23           thanks, Chris.  

24                  The only thing I would say is to 


                                                                   526

 1           redouble our efforts.  In addition to seniors 

 2           not leaving their homes now, not going into 

 3           nursing homes, which is a very good thing, 

 4           those houses are not going on the market 

 5           these days.  

 6                  And the other thing I wanted to 

 7           reemphasize is the hedge funds owning 

 8           20 percent of the available inventory of 

 9           houses on the open market.  So --

10                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  That is definitely 

11           going to be a problem now.

12                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Another barrier.

13                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  You know, the 

14           Governor's budget attempts to address that.  

15           I really don't know how successful it's going 

16           to be to say that certain groups can't get 

17           into the housing, you know, purchase market 

18           for 75 --

19                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  I have a bill 

20           that's better than her --

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  All right.

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Everyone should 

23           look at it, it's a Senate/Assembly bill -- 

24                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I'll look at it.


                                                                   527

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  -- limiting 

 2           private equity buying up houses.  Okay.

 3                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Lady and gentlemen, 

 4           thank you very much for your participation.

 5                  MR. KOETZLE:  Thank you.

 6                  MR. ACQUARIO:  Thank you.

 7                  MS. VAN EPPS:  Thank you.

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you very 

 9           much.

10                  MR. KOETZLE:  Appreciate it.  Thank 

11           you.

12                  (Off the record.)

13                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Good evening, 

14           everyone, and welcome.  

15                  We're going to pull an audible on this 

16           because the chairs of our Election Committees 

17           weren't originally part of this, but they are 

18           now.  And we have the chair of the 

19           Assembly -- and the ranking -- Elections 

20           Committee, and the chair of the Senate -- and 

21           ranking -- Election Committee.  So we have 

22           everyone.  They will get 10 minutes each, the 

23           rankers will get five.  

24                  Everyone else at this hearing -- 


                                                                   528

 1           except for Ed Ra, myself, and Senator Krueger 

 2           and the ranker on the Finance Committee -- 

 3           will have our short time.  And the other 

 4           chairs of the other various committees are 

 5           regular members this time, and they get three 

 6           minutes.

 7                  Is that understood, everyone?  Yes.

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Yes.  Of course.  

 9                  And you each get three minutes 

10           (indicating panel).

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Right.

12                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And you want them 

13           to each introduce themselves?

14                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Yes, just for the 

15           media, if they're still taking stuff up here, 

16           if you'd just go through quickly and mention 

17           who you are.  

18                  And then we'll decide what the 

19           speaking order would be, whether you want to 

20           start from the left or the right or the 

21           middle and work out, however you guys decide 

22           you want to do it.

23                  MR. CZARNY:  Hi, I'm Dustin Czarny.  

24           I'm the Democratic caucus chair for the 


                                                                   529

 1           New York State Elections Commissioner 

 2           Association and a commissioner from 

 3           Onondaga County.

 4                  MS. PINO:  Hi, everyone.  Marina Pino, 

 5           counsel with the Brennan Center for Justice.

 6                  MS. SMITKA:  Hi.  Erica Smitka, 

 7           executive director, League of Women Voters of 

 8           New York State.  

 9                  MS. WHARTON:  Hi, I'm Karen Wharton, 

10           democracy coalition coordinator at 

11           Citizen Action, and fair election 

12           facilitator.

13                  MS. LERNER:  I'm Susan Lerner.  I'm 

14           the executive director of Common Cause 

15           New York and one of the founders of the 

16           Let New York Vote Coalition.

17                  MR. CZARNY:  We might as well go in 

18           the same order, right?  All right.  

19                  Well, thank you very much for allowing 

20           me to come and speak once again.  In my role 

21           today I'll be speaking on our bipartisan 

22           request from the New York State Election 

23           Commissioners Association.

24                  We applaud the Governor's budget for 


                                                                   530

 1           including many different things in it, 

 2           including and most importantly the 

 3           reappropriation of some of the grants that 

 4           were appropriated last year, most importantly 

 5           the poll book grant, which is going to 

 6           address our aging poll book infrastructure.  

 7           We went to electronic poll books in New York 

 8           in 2019, and many of those poll books that 

 9           were bought at that time period are now 

10           starting to age out and they will not be 

11           available for the new IOS.

12                  Most of our poll books are Apple 

13           products, and the fifth and sixth generation 

14           poll books that were bought back in 2019, the 

15           new IOS 18 is not going to cover that, and 

16           that means that they would not be secure.  So 

17           we need to replace that infrastructure.  

18                  And we ask, you know -- this body 

19           generously gave us this grant last year, but 

20           in the middle of the presidential election 

21           many counties were not able to spend that 

22           money to replace their poll book fleet and 

23           they plan to do so this year, when the new 

24           iPad 11th generation is released sometime 


                                                                   531

 1           later in the year.  So we ask for that grant 

 2           to be reappropriated.

 3                  We also ask for more flexibility in 

 4           the grants that this body and the Governor 

 5           approve.  So last year you provided an Aid to 

 6           Localities grant which was very flexible and 

 7           allowed different counties to be able to use 

 8           that money in the ways that they need in 

 9           their county.  Some counties need staffing, 

10           some need infrastructure, some need to buy 

11           new voting equipment, some need to upgrade 

12           their facilities and their buildings and 

13           upgrade their security.

14                  So we ask that when this body starts 

15           to apply grants for elections that they allow 

16           for more flexibility in these grants and 

17           longer time periods in these grants, so we 

18           don't always have to ask for them to be 

19           reappropriated each year and that the county 

20           boards of commissioners can do long-term 

21           planning to continually upgrade our election 

22           infrastructure so that they have the most 

23           secure, up-to-date and functional voting 

24           equipment for our public.


                                                                   532

 1                  I'm going to end a little early, but I 

 2           want to thank you all.  And I do need to note 

 3           that New York is one of the few states that 

 4           doesn't have annual funding for county boards 

 5           of elections, and we do ask for it each year.  

 6           I hope that we will start to address that in 

 7           the future budgets.

 8                  Thank you.

 9                  MS. PINO:  Good afternoon, 

10           Chairs Pretlow and Krueger and members of the 

11           Legislature.  Again, my name is Marina Pino, 

12           and I'm counsel for the Brennan Center for 

13           Justice.  Thank you for this opportunity to 

14           testify in support of funding for our 

15           democracy infrastructure.

16                  We commend this body for championing 

17           reforms to build a stronger and more 

18           inclusive democracy.  You have provided a 

19           blueprint for campaign finance reform 

20           nationwide, and you have made New York a 

21           leader in fighting race-based voter 

22           suppression.  

23                  As you continue this vital work, I'd 

24           like to preview some findings of a 


                                                                   533

 1           Brennan Center analysis of the public 

 2           financing program's first cycle, which will 

 3           be published later this week.  Data show the 

 4           program has already transformed the state's 

 5           campaign finance landscape for the better.  

 6                  While big money dominated races 

 7           nationwide in unprecedented ways last year, 

 8           New York showed that there is an alternative 

 9           path forward.  The program made constituents' 

10           small, in-district donations much more 

11           important to candidates' fundraising.  In 

12           recent cycles these contributions barely made 

13           up 5 percent of overall funding, but with 

14           public financing they jumped to 45 percent 

15           when including matching funds.  At the same 

16           time, the share of large donations from 

17           individuals and entities like PACs decreased 

18           substantially from prior cycles.

19                  The data also showed a sizable 

20           increase in civic engagement.  About twice as 

21           many New Yorkers made small, in-district 

22           contributions as in 2020 and in 2022.  The 

23           shift in fundraising occurred in all corners 

24           of the state, across party lines, and in 


                                                                   534

 1           rural, urban, and suburban communities of 

 2           diverse socioeconomic levels.

 3                  Critically, independent expenditures 

 4           did not diminish the program's success.  The 

 5           vast majority of this outside spending was 

 6           concentrated in just 10 percent of 

 7           legislative districts, and publicly financed 

 8           candidates facing that spending still ran 

 9           viable campaigns.

10                  The program needs full funding to keep 

11           succeeding.  We strongly support the 

12           Executive Budget's appropriation of 

13           $114.5 million.  This funding covers 

14           administrative needs, including a 

15           user-friendly online platform and matching 

16           funds to give candidates and small donors 

17           alike confidence in the program ahead of the 

18           first statewide cycle.

19                  We also urge this Legislature to 

20           ensure the final budget supports the voting 

21           reforms you have already delivered.  That 

22           includes the John R. Lewis Voting Rights Act 

23           of New York, which placed our state as a 

24           national leader in restoring legal 


                                                                   535

 1           protections against race-based voter 

 2           discrimination.

 3                  The final budget must include 

 4           $2.5 million to support the voting and 

 5           elections database for this act.  And we urge 

 6           you to include funds allocated in the 

 7           Executive Budget to support the overdue 

 8           implementation of automatic voter 

 9           registration and the online voter 

10           registration platform.

11                  Lastly, this Legislature must 

12           prioritize funding election administration.  

13           I echo my copanelist's just now remarks 

14           supporting funding for local boards as they 

15           prepare for the next cycle.  That includes 

16           funds to upgrade e-poll books, covered 

17           prepaid postage for ballots, and purchase of 

18           new voting machines which have already 

19           surpassed their age.

20                  Thank you for your continued efforts 

21           to support our democracy.

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

23                  MS. SMITKA:  Thank you for the 

24           opportunity to testify today.  As I said, my 


                                                                   536

 1           name is Erica Smitka, executive director of 

 2           the League of Women Voters of New York State.  

 3                  We applaud the Governor's Executive 

 4           Budget for including adequate funding for the 

 5           State Board of Elections and the Public 

 6           Campaign Finance Board.  However, many of our 

 7           reforms remain insufficiently funded at the 

 8           local level, especially considering the 

 9           growing challenges facing our local boards of 

10           elections.  

11                  The cost to run our elections is 

12           simply not the same as it was in years past.  

13           In a recently released report, the estimated 

14           cost per voter has almost doubled, on 

15           average, from around $15 in 2016 to almost 

16           $28 per voter in 2024.  This is largely due 

17           to the passage of long-overdue measures to 

18           improve access to the ballot.

19                  We're grateful for state legislation 

20           that has finally pushed New York State into 

21           the 21st century, but we need to see state 

22           funds directly support these state 

23           initiatives by providing a direct line of 

24           funding to local boards.


                                                                   537

 1                  In addition to increasing expenses, 

 2           local boards are running our elections in an 

 3           increasingly challenging environment.  Mis- 

 4           and disinformation is eroding trust in our 

 5           election process, and nearly two-thirds of 

 6           Americans do not have faith in our electoral 

 7           process.  

 8                  Our local boards are on the front 

 9           lines of organizing and conducting our 

10           elections, and we rely on them to reach 

11           voters with timely and accurate information.  

12           In conversations with commissioners about the 

13           2024 election, most reported being 

14           overworked, understaffed, and lacking 

15           resources to promote accurate voter 

16           education.  

17                  Investing in local boards of elections 

18           not only strengthens the democratic 

19           foundation of our state, but it also 

20           reinforces public confidence in our election 

21           system.  We ask that a minimum of $10 million 

22           in funding be allocated to county boards of 

23           elections to support statewide initiatives, 

24           voter education, as well as for the training 


                                                                   538

 1           and recruitment of poll workers and staff.

 2                  I'd also like to touch on two 

 3           important voting reforms.  A critical method 

 4           for combating mis- and disinformation across 

 5           the state would be to adopt a centralized 

 6           database, such as the Electronic Registration 

 7           Information Center.  A database such as this 

 8           would improve the accuracy of New York's 

 9           voter rolls, reduce election costs, and would 

10           increase efficiency.  We urge you to include 

11           the $51,000 to support this legislation in 

12           your one-house budgets.

13                  Lastly, democracy is not a democracy 

14           unless we are all included and all voices are 

15           heard.  Thousands of New York State voters 

16           are detained in jails each and every year, 

17           and in 2023 the League conducted a study 

18           finding that only 11 of New York's 

19           57 counties surveyed had a program to 

20           facilitate voting while detained.  

21                  This lack of access primarily affects 

22           voters in communities of color.  We strongly 

23           support legislation to rectify this and urge 

24           the Legislature to provide direct funding 


                                                                   539

 1           commensurate with similar programs in other 

 2           states to support this legislation.

 3                  Our elections are the cornerstone of 

 4           our democracy, and it is imperative that we 

 5           ensure they're adequately funded.  

 6                  Thank you.

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 8                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

 9                  MS. WHARTON:  Chairpersons Krueger and 

10           Pretlow, members of the New York State 

11           Legislature, thank you for allowing me to 

12           testify this evening.  

13                  Again, my name is Karen Wharton, and I 

14           represent Fair Elections for New York, a 

15           coalition of over 200 organizations that 

16           successfully fought for the New York State 

17           Public Campaign Finance Program, the PCFP.

18                  Today we stand before you to advocate 

19           for a profound investment in the future of 

20           our democracy, an allocation of 

21           $114.5 million for the PCFP.  Like my other 

22           colleagues here, we applaud Governor Hochul's 

23           commitment to fully funding this program in 

24           her Executive Budget with this allocation, 


                                                                   540

 1           which includes 14.5 million for 

 2           administrative costs and 100 million for 

 3           public matching funds, as requested by the 

 4           Public Campaign Finance Board.

 5                  These funds are needed to support the 

 6           programs run in 2026 to match qualifying 

 7           small donations for state legislative 

 8           candidates statewide -- legislative 

 9           candidates as well as the state 

10           legislative -- the Senators and 

11           Assemblymembers.  Also the continued 

12           development of a new campaign finance 

13           software system to better assist candidates 

14           and treasurers with program-related 

15           administrative paths and more.  We urge you 

16           to include this funding in this year's 

17           one-house budgets and final budget.  

18                  The $114.5 million is not just a 

19           budget line item -- it's a moral obligation 

20           to enhance and protect our democracy.  Since 

21           the Supreme Court's 2010 Citizens United 

22           decision dismantled key limits on political 

23           spending, the wealthiest donors have 

24           increasingly dominated political campaigns.  


                                                                   541

 1           This influx of big money in politics has 

 2           grown to unprecedented levels across the 

 3           country, drowning out the voices of 

 4           everyday citizens and perpetuating a system 

 5           that favors a select few, the wealthy.

 6                  Because of this, our democracy is now 

 7           at a critical crossroads.  Just look at what 

 8           is happening in D.C.  But thanks to the PCFP, 

 9           we are creating a different path in New York.  

10           By providing essential funding to candidates 

11           who demonstrate grassroots support, the 

12           program ensures that public office in our 

13           state is accessible to all, regardless of 

14           their financial backing.  

15                  According to the PCFP, 70 percent of 

16           candidates for state legislative office opted 

17           into this program in its first cycle.  It's 

18           been a resounding success.

19                  And in closing, we urge you to invest 

20           in this democratic system by supporting the 

21           allocation as requested by the board, 

22           $114.5 million.  Thank you so much.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

24                  MS. LERNER:  Thank you so much for 


                                                                   542

 1           this opportunity to testify.  

 2                  I'm Susan Lerner.  I'm the executive 

 3           director of Common Cause New York, and I will 

 4           incorporate all of the comments that were 

 5           made by my colleagues.  Common Cause supports 

 6           all of them. 

 7                  I do want to point out that support 

 8           for the Democracy During Detention and ERIC 

 9           are priorities of the Let New York Vote 

10           coalition.  And my colleagues have talked 

11           about all of the things which are the 

12           day-to-day questions and issues which come up 

13           in your committee and in the 

14           Elections Committee, and generally dealing 

15           with democracy.

16                  I would like to focus on the threats 

17           that are absolutely salutary and completely 

18           unprecedented.  I do not envy the work that 

19           the State Budget Committee has in front of it 

20           when we are dealing with an emergency at the 

21           federal level.  

22                  I'd like to join New York City 

23           Comptroller Brad Lander in his request that 

24           there be a working group that is set up 


                                                                   543

 1           between the localities and the state to try 

 2           and anticipate where the holes are going to 

 3           be not, just in our budgets but in our laws, 

 4           because we are seeing an unprecedented 

 5           destruction of the federal government.

 6                  And one area where it's really going 

 7           to hit particularly hard, I believe, both in 

 8           election administration but in so many other 

 9           functions of both the state and the federal 

10           government, is in our cybersecurity.  

11                  We've already seen an attempt to pull 

12           back the kinds of assistance which the 

13           federal government up until now has been 

14           uniquely positioned to provide to states and 

15           localities, particularly in the election 

16           area, but in all of the areas.  And 

17           cybersecurity could not be more essential at 

18           not just the state level, not just with our 

19           elections, but in every locality.

20                  I think we only need to look at what 

21           happened to Orange County when they really 

22           dropped the ball on cybersecurity, and they 

23           were offline -- the entire county, all of its 

24           services, not just its website, but 


                                                                   544

 1           absolutely everything -- for months and 

 2           months and months.  

 3                  So cybersecurity I believe is an 

 4           absolutely essential area that we need to 

 5           anticipate how to protect New York's 

 6           government and New York's residents in this 

 7           extremely troubling time.

 8                  And so I not only support what 

 9           Comptroller Lander suggested, but I urge you 

10           to put money aside at the locality level to 

11           be sure that every county has additional 

12           funding to prepare for cybersecurity threats 

13           and to protect its online presence.  

14                  And in the testimony I will file for 

15           Public Protection, I'll talk about the need 

16           for funding at the state level.

17                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.  Thank 

18           you, Susan.

19                  Assemblywoman Walker.

20                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Thank you, 

21           Susan.  Thank you, Mr. Chairman.  Thank you, 

22           Madam Chairwoman.  

23                  I just have maybe one or two 

24           questions.


                                                                   545

 1                  The New York State Public Campaign 

 2           Finance Program has been in effect for a 

 3           whole election cycle, and the Executive has 

 4           continued funding of this program.  So what I 

 5           was wondering, to your knowledge, have there 

 6           been any concerns that have been raised by 

 7           candidates?

 8                  MS. WHARTON:  I'm not -- okay.  I'm 

 9           sorry about that.  

10                  Yes, there have been some.  The 

11           candidates that I've spoken to reported some 

12           difficulty basically in the administration of 

13           the program.  So they would really benefit 

14           from a software system that I described 

15           earlier so that that would assist them 

16           more -- with more of the administrative parts 

17           of it.

18                  So yes, that's one of the things that 

19           we keep hearing.

20                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Awesome.  

21                  So -- and my next question I guess 

22           would be to Ms. Pino, for the John Lewis 

23           Voting Rights Act that was signed into law in 

24           2022.  


                                                                   546

 1                  And so since the implementation has 

 2           rolled out, with the many upgrades to 

 3           streamline administration and compliance, are 

 4           there any concerns that have been raised with 

 5           respect to its implementation, in your 

 6           estimation? 

 7                  MS. PINO:  Thank you for that 

 8           question, Assemblymember.  

 9                  We have not heard any specific 

10           concerns with that.  I will say the 

11           importance of funding is reupping that.  

12                  Of course, when I mentioned the  

13           $2.5 million for the database, that will help 

14           streamline compliance with the act, as well 

15           as enforcement.  That is something that we 

16           need to continue to see in this budget.  

17                  And it's also my understanding the 

18           rest of the enforcement allocation can be 

19           found in the Department of Law's budget for 

20           its Social Justice Division.  That also 

21           should be included going forward to ensure 

22           that the act lives up to its full promise.

23                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Awesome.  Thank 

24           you.


                                                                   547

 1                  And lastly for -- I guess Dustin, 

 2           you'd be the best person for this.  New York 

 3           State has authorized the establishment of 

 4           ballot drop boxes for both absentee and 

 5           early-mail votes.  

 6                  How has this affected the board of 

 7           elections where you are as well as from some 

 8           of the other commissioners that you are 

 9           affiliated with? 

10                  MR. CZARNY:  I seem to remember that 

11           that is a permissive bill, so not every 

12           county is going to participate in that.  You 

13           know, that was approved late in the cycle, so 

14           this will be the first cycle that many of the 

15           counties will be able to do that. 

16                  I will note that early vote-by-mail 

17           and absentee voting is on the rise in 

18           New York.  We saw a lot of participation in 

19           that process, with also a trepidation of the 

20           postal service and their ability to deliver 

21           some of these ballots on time, especially in 

22           late situations.

23                  We already have a successful rollout 

24           of collecting these ballots at all of our 


                                                                   548

 1           polling places on Election Day at early 

 2           voting centers, and I know that many counties 

 3           in New York City are looking at additional 

 4           ballot drop boxes.  And I think any tool -- 

 5           you know, any arrow in our quiver will be 

 6           good to use if the county has the funds and 

 7           the ability to implement it successfully.  So 

 8           that it is permissive is important, because 

 9           many counties will choose to participate in 

10           that this year and not be mandated to do so 

11           without funds to support it as well.

12                  MS. LERNER:  I would like to add that 

13           providing ongoing support at the county level 

14           for elections will help with the 

15           implementation of drop boxes, because to have 

16           appropriate drop boxes isn't a significant 

17           expense that we want the counties and the 

18           BOEs to incur.

19                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Awesome.  Thank 

20           you.  You know, the beautiful thing I think 

21           about elections is that we're in vogue until 

22           we're not.  And clearly we're in vogue right 

23           now.

24                  (Laughter.)


                                                                   549

 1                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  And so thank 

 2           you so much for all of the work that you do 

 3           in the administration of justice.  

 4                  I will turn the balance of my time 

 5           back over to the chair and get back into 

 6           conference.

 7                  And so again, thank you.

 8                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  The balance of your 

 9           time --

10                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  I had to.  I 

11           could not resist the opportunity to, you 

12           know, reclaim my time, but then give it back 

13           if I want to.

14                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Go on.  Over.

15                  (Laughter.)

16                  ASSEMBLYWOMAN WALKER:  Thank you.

17                  MR. CZARNY:  Thank you.

18                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  

19                  Okay, we're going to start with our 

20           Elections chair, Kristen Gonzalez.

21                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:  Thank you.  I thank 

22           you, Chairwoman Krueger and Chairman Pretlow, 

23           for the accommodation today.  We're really 

24           excited to be here.


                                                                   550

 1                  Hi to our panelists.  Thank you so 

 2           much for joining us.  It's great to see some 

 3           familiar faces.  But if this is the first 

 4           time that we're meeting, my name is Kris 

 5           Gonzalez.  I'm the new Elections chair in the 

 6           State Senate.  

 7                  And so I'm very excited to speak with 

 8           you all today.  Obviously this is a critical 

 9           moment.  We know that democracy is under 

10           threat, and there are a lot of new challenges 

11           that are being posed that we haven't dealt 

12           with before.  

13                  I'm also the chair of Internet and 

14           Technology, so my first part of my 

15           questioning today is to look ahead:  What are 

16           the future challenges and what should 

17           New York State be doing?  And then the second 

18           part is mostly to get a current state 

19           assessment and see what we need to do in this 

20           year's budget to support the integrity of our 

21           elections, because we know when we do that, 

22           we're protecting our democracy.  

23                  So for the panel, whoever wants to 

24           start, you know, last year I was proud to 


                                                                   551

 1           carry and pass the New York FAIR Act through 

 2           the New York State Budget.  The FAIR Act bans 

 3           deep fakes and deceptive media in election 

 4           communications.  And we saw this risk 

 5           materialize in certain parts of the country, 

 6           certainly here in New York.

 7                  Do you see the rise in misinformation 

 8           as an existential threat to our elections?  

 9           And how are you all -- or who wants to 

10           answer -- thinking about this issue? 

11                  MS. SMITKA:  I'll jump in.  Thank you 

12           so much for that question.

13                  Mis- and disinformation is a critical 

14           threat to our elections, as you noted, 

15           nationwide.  Just in New Hampshire, there 

16           were AI phone calls made to voters from 

17           President Biden saying that they didn't need 

18           to go to the polls to vote.  

19                  And so something like this is directly 

20           affecting whether voters make it to the polls 

21           and let their voices be heard.

22                  So the League has been working on this 

23           initiative for a while, as have many of my 

24           colleagues.  Really the best thing we can do 


                                                                   552

 1           is to get the right information out into the 

 2           hands of voters before they are met with bad 

 3           information.  So that when they do hear mis- 

 4           or disinformation, they can use the -- what 

 5           they've learned already to combat that.

 6                  So we've been working on a lot of that 

 7           on the ground, and it's also essential that 

 8           our county boards have the funding to do so 

 9           as well.

10                  MS. LERNER:  You know, unfortunately, 

11           New York is a low-information state when it 

12           comes to providing information to voters.  

13           That is something which it is within your 

14           purview to change.  The more formal, official 

15           information that is widely disseminated, the 

16           more difficult it is to put dis- and 

17           misinformation into the information flow.

18                  MR. CZARNY:  And I'd like to jump in 

19           on that, because we did have an incident in 

20           New York right before the primary last year, 

21           of a company that was sending texts and 

22           emails out to people with wrong polling 

23           locations.  

24                  It turned out to be a mistake, as 


                                                                   553

 1           opposed to a nefarious act.  It was a 

 2           database error.  But it did cause a lot of 

 3           concern.  And our only way to get our message 

 4           out was to talk to the media and beg them to 

 5           tell them to look at our websites and look at 

 6           our voter systems.

 7                  But, you know, a lot of times a voter 

 8           will see that text and that's what they'll do 

 9           and that's what they will follow, and they 

10           won't get other information.  So we need to 

11           have, you know, again, what I said earlier 

12           about having, you know, a little bit more 

13           flexibility in our spending.

14                  Some counties -- most counties will 

15           not give a budget for information campaigns 

16           or media campaigns from the boards of 

17           elections.  But if there is flexibility in 

18           state grants that would allow us to do that, 

19           then those counties can choose to use that 

20           money to get people to trust the trusted 

21           messengers at the boards of elections to get 

22           their election info, and that will prevent 

23           stuff like that in the future.

24                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:  Thank you so much 


                                                                   554

 1           for your answers.  

 2                  With the rise of generative AI, we're 

 3           going to see misinformation with a quality on 

 4           a scale that we've never seen before.  So I 

 5           appreciate the insight and certainly want to 

 6           make sure that we're supporting our local 

 7           BOEs as well, you know, in different-sized 

 8           counties.

 9                  On a similar note, the Heritage 

10           Foundation's Project 2025, which we are 

11           already seeing being rapidly implemented 

12           throughout the federal government, includes 

13           reforms to the Cybersecurity and 

14           Infrastructure Security Agency, CISA.  The 

15           entry specifically makes reference to CISA's 

16           work in protecting elections.  

17                  What does CISA do for our state and 

18           for our local BOEs?  And could you all speak 

19           to the work we could do to ensure that we're 

20           protecting the integrity of our elections 

21           with cybersecurity?

22                  I know, Susan, you mentioned this in 

23           your testimony, so I might start with you and 

24           then open it up.


                                                                   555

 1                  MS. LERNER:  So CISA is really unique.  

 2           It was set up in 2018, and it not just helps 

 3           the federal and state governments and 

 4           localities prevent cyber incursions, but it 

 5           also helps -- and what's really unique about 

 6           it is that it helps the government figure out 

 7           what to do to be more resilient and how to 

 8           respond.  

 9                  So CISA has provided a tremendous 

10           amount of support and information to not only 

11           our state boards but the county boards, 

12           helping to identify vulnerabilities and also 

13           helping them to conduct what are called table 

14           exercises, which is anticipating what would 

15           happen if this particular problem, this 

16           particular cybersecurity were breached, how 

17           would we deal with it, to be sure that our 

18           elections are not only secure but resilient.

19                  And that is really unique in the 

20           cybersecurity world.  So we really need to 

21           think about what happens when that kind of 

22           support is not coming from the feds.  Can we 

23           duplicate it here in our state, or do we need 

24           to form a consortium with other states to 


                                                                   556

 1           pool our resources to be able to provide that 

 2           kind of support and planning that we now see 

 3           at the federal level?  

 4                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:  Thank you so much.  

 5                  And looking at time, I'm going to 

 6           pivot to our current state challenges.  So we 

 7           know we're going to have more challenges to 

 8           our election integrity in the future.  We 

 9           right now have a budget proposal of 

10           142 million in All Funds support, which is a 

11           decrease of 23.5 million.  

12                  So I wanted to open it up to all of 

13           you to see, you know, with our funding asks 

14           if we feel that there is more funding needed 

15           or if that will cover some of the things that 

16           you all are working on.

17                  MR. CZARNY:  We will always welcome 

18           more funds.  And we are usually one of the 

19           least-funded departments in our county 

20           government.  And a lot of times those funds 

21           are -- evaporate even quicker in 

22           non-presidential years.

23                  But we still have several elections 

24           that we're running this year.  And our costs 


                                                                   557

 1           don't really go down that much, despite 

 2           people not necessarily participating in those 

 3           local elections.  And as we see our election 

 4           infrastructure age, a lot of counties are 

 5           going to be looking at not just the poll 

 6           books that I mentioned earlier, but voting 

 7           tabulators and BMDs and cybersecurity and 

 8           just upgrading computers inside of our own 

 9           offices and upgrading our security in our 

10           offices.

11                  These are all funds that are happening 

12           right now, and there's very few county boards 

13           of elections that are 100 percent covered at 

14           this point.

15                  MS. PINO:  I would love to jump in too 

16           and echo that.  

17                  We see -- I think it's in my written 

18           testimony -- that 38 of 62 counties in 

19           New York State are using voting machines that 

20           are over 15 years old.  

21                  This is the time, when we're not 

22           facing a presidential election, you know, 

23           later this year for the counties to build up 

24           their infrastructure, to purchase that 


                                                                   558

 1           infrastructure, test it, plan with their 

 2           staffs.  

 3                  And this is the time that we always 

 4           recommend counties are having all that full 

 5           support to prepare for the next major 

 6           election cycle.

 7                  MR. CZARNY:  And if I can just also 

 8           say that, like, investing in this 

 9           infrastructure will lead to savings later on 

10           down the line.  Much of this new voting 

11           equipment can support things like vote 

12           centers.  

13                  Senator May has a bill on there that 

14           has passed the Senate several times that will 

15           allow counties who have this infrastructure 

16           to move to vote centers on Election Day.  

17           And, you know, the adoption of voter centers 

18           could lead to significant reduction in costs 

19           in terms of election personnel on 

20           Election Day as we're able to diffuse our 

21           precinct level polling places to vote centers 

22           throughout the county, like we do with early 

23           voting.

24                  MS. SMITKA:  I just want to jump in.  


                                                                   559

 1           And Senator Gonzalez, please correct me if 

 2           I'm wrong, but I believe the 142 million you 

 3           noted is for the State Board of Elections, 

 4           correct? 

 5                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:  Correct.

 6                  MS. SMITKA:  So there is a portion of 

 7           that that will go directly to county boards.  

 8           But I really want to make clear the 

 9           difference between all the funding that does 

10           go to our state board and then a more direct 

11           line of funding to county boards -- which 

12           really is essential, as Dustin and Marina 

13           were saying, to really help counties build up 

14           their infrastructure when we're only going to 

15           be faced with more challenges in the future.

16                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:  One hundred 

17           percent.  I think if we want to ensure that 

18           we're funding our state BOE -- but I wanted 

19           to give you all an opportunity to talk about 

20           the necessity to have funding, especially for 

21           our local boards.  

22                  I know we are tight on time, but 

23           especially with the John Lewis Voting Rights 

24           Act being upheld by the New York State 


                                                                   560

 1           Appellate Court, I think that'll be another 

 2           round of costs.  

 3                  And very quickly in 20 seconds, as a 

 4           beneficiary of the public financing program, 

 5           why do you think it had such a positive 

 6           impact in the last year?  And I guess I will 

 7           target that towards you.  In 12 seconds.

 8                  (Laughter.)

 9                  MS. WHARTON:  Thank you so much for 

10           that question.

11                  Because it amplifies the voices of 

12           ordinary, everyday New Yorkers.  It empowers 

13           us.  And that is why candidates and citizens 

14           alike are enamored.  And this is why --

15                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, 

16           Ms. Wharton.

17                  (Laughter.)

18                  SENATOR GONZALEZ:  Amazing.  That was 

19           succinct and --

20                  MS. WHARTON:  Okay.

21                  (Inaudible overtalk.)

22                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman Slater.  

23           Five minutes.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  Thank you very 


                                                                   561

 1           much to everyone here.  Thank you to those 

 2           who are spending their time testifying today.

 3                  Commissioner, you talked about the 

 4           drop boxes, and I just want to get clarity on 

 5           who's paying for those drop boxes.  Because 

 6           you said that they're not mandated.  Do we 

 7           have a cost of what the drop boxes are going 

 8           to be for individual counties who opt in? 

 9                  MR. CZARNY:  Well, that would be up to 

10           the individual county, so I wouldn't be able 

11           to give you a cost.  It would -- each 

12           individual county will have to determine how 

13           many drop boxes they need, the personnel to 

14           operate that, and whether they have the 

15           infrastructure to be able to deploy those.

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  Is security part 

17           of that infrastructure? 

18                  MR. CZARNY:  There's security part of 

19           that, whether, you know -- 

20                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  What type of 

21           security do you envision for the drop boxes?

22                  MR. CZARNY:  Well, I'd imagine that 

23           you would have them at like town halls and 

24           other things where you have cameras and 


                                                                   562

 1           personnel on board.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  Is that a 

 3           stipulated requirement right now?

 4                  MR. CZARNY:  I don't know if that's a 

 5           requirement.  It would be a requirement -- it 

 6           is, right?  I'm sorry.  

 7                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  Is it a 

 8           stipulated requirement to have cameras at 

 9           drop-box locations? 

10                  MR. CZARNY:  I'll be honest, sir, I --

11                  MS. LERNER:  That would be a question 

12           for the State Board of Regulations --

13                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  I know.  I wish 

14           they were here.

15                  MS. LERNER:  -- as to how to deploy 

16           them.

17                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  I appreciate it, 

18           thank you.

19                  What about -- I spoke with a lot of 

20           the Board of Election commissioners a couple 

21           of weeks back, and there were discussions 

22           about early voting and curtailing some of the 

23           early-voting locations but also the 

24           timelines.  


                                                                   563

 1                  For example, there's a special 

 2           election in Westchester going on right now, 

 3           but the early-voting requirements are equal 

 4           to that of a presidential election.

 5                  How do you feel about the request to 

 6           curtail that timeline in some fashion? 

 7                  MR. CZARNY:  So our association has 

 8           come out in favor of special elections and 

 9           primaries to have more flexibility in times 

10           and days for early voting.  

11                  So for low-turnout elections -- well, 

12           we already have flexibility in primaries in 

13           terms of number of locations, because the 

14           number of voters that are affected would go 

15           out there, and so that -- we can already 

16           reduce the number of locations.  What we 

17           can't do is reduce the number of days or 

18           hours.  And we as an association believe that 

19           flexibility on that in specials and primaries 

20           are warranted.

21                  There's no bill out there that I can 

22           talk to specifics on this.  That is something 

23           that we as an association, a bipartisan 

24           request for flexibility -- 


                                                                   564

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  And in regards to 

 2           the location -- I'm sorry, I thought I heard 

 3           you -- I just want to make sure I'm clear.  

 4           So in regards to location, especially for 

 5           more rural areas, some of their county seats 

 6           are not their most populous and vice versa.  

 7                  Does the association support providing 

 8           flexibility on early-voting locations in that 

 9           respect? 

10                  MR. CZARNY:  I believe county seats 

11           are not required as early-voting locations.  

12           What is required is the highest city and/or 

13           the highest town have an early-voting 

14           location.  

15                  The boards have asked for places where 

16           there are -- where they say the highest city, 

17           but the highest city has a very small 

18           population, they have flexibility in that.

19                  But there is already flexibility in 

20           the law except for you do have to put it in 

21           the highest affected town or city.  And we 

22           want a curb on cities that are under 

23           10,000 voters.

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  I appreciate it.  


                                                                   565

 1                  In my remaining time, I'm just 

 2           curious:  10 states have passed legislation 

 3           opting into the SAVE program.  Seven states 

 4           require proof of citizenship.  My favorite, 

 5           36 states require some form of voter 

 6           identification when showing up to the polls.

 7                  I'm curious what your position is on 

 8           the -- especially voter ID provisions.  Since 

 9           36 other states in the country have enacted 

10           this provision, why hasn't New York?  And if 

11           there are barriers, can we identify them to 

12           remove them? 

13                  MR. CZARNY:  So I'm going to answer 

14           that in my role as the Democratic caucus 

15           chair and not as the association as a whole, 

16           because I'm sure there are varied opinions.  

17                  But in my personal -- in my role as 

18           Democratic caucus chair, my personal opinion 

19           is the problem with voter ID laws are the 

20           devils are always in the details.

21                  And we see voter ID laws like in 

22           Texas, where a gun license is an appropriate 

23           ID but a student ID from a state college is 

24           not.  


                                                                   566

 1                  And these are the barriers that are 

 2           usually put up with voter ID laws that keep 

 3           people from enacting their franchise.  And we 

 4           simply do not have a problem with 

 5           impersonation at the polling places.  There 

 6           is no widespread voter fraud that is 

 7           affecting the vote.  So it is a --

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN SLATER:  But I know that 

 9           we're very concerned and focused on voter 

10           integrity.  In my district I hear from people 

11           constantly who show up to the polls with 

12           their license in their hand, and they ask:  

13           How come they're not checking my license?  

14                  And if 36 states have already passed a 

15           measure that provides for voter ID, if we 

16           want to make sure that voters feel confident 

17           in their elections, why wouldn't we pass this 

18           legislation?

19                  MS. LERNER:  Because it interferes 

20           with the franchise for a substantial number 

21           of people.  Period.  And that's why New York 

22           has refused that form of voter suppression.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

24                  Senator?


                                                                   567

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 2                  Senator Walczyk.

 3                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Thank you, 

 4           Madam Chair.  

 5                  Just to piggyback on the ranker from 

 6           the Assembly, I think it was Erica that said 

 7           two-thirds of Americans don't have faith in 

 8           our electoral process, is that right? 

 9                  Yeah, I think voter ID would probably 

10           help the two-thirds of Americans that also 

11           support voter ID in polling.  Eighty-seven 

12           percent of Americans support voter ID.

13                  But I do have a question because, 

14           Erica, you also said elections are the 

15           cornerstone of our democracy.  Does the 

16           Governor have an obligation to call a special 

17           election expeditiously to fill a vacancy in 

18           either the statehouse or in Congress? 

19                  MS. SMITKA:  At this time I don't have 

20           the ability to comment on behalf of the 

21           League of Women Voters on that.

22                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Okay.  Does anybody 

23           else want to comment on --

24                  MS. LERNER:  We certainly support 


                                                                   568

 1           special election reform.  The problem that we 

 2           see is that the special elections happen too 

 3           frequently.  What we hear from voters is that 

 4           there are too many elections.  

 5                  They need to be consolidated.  And 

 6           Common Cause and other good government groups 

 7           believe that there should be a process where 

 8           you have a primary followed by a special 

 9           election.  They should be consolidated, and 

10           they should not be called on these arbitrary 

11           dates that simply confuse voters.

12                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  So, Ms. Lerner, just 

13           to follow up on that question, currently 

14           Public Officers Law says Congress will be 

15           filled, the Governor has to call a special 

16           election within 10 days and then to have that 

17           special election you have between 70 and 

18           80 days to have that, so that we don't have a 

19           vacancy in the House of Representatives to 

20           represent -- they roughly represent 750,000, 

21           760,000 New Yorkers.  So I think that's 

22           pretty important as a bedrock of our 

23           democracy.  

24                  And then in the statehouse, that's 


                                                                   569

 1           40 to 50 days from the time that the Governor 

 2           calls that.  And do you think we should draw 

 3           that timeline out?

 4                  MS. LERNER:  I think we should 

 5           consolidate our specials.  Because what we 

 6           see is that almost nobody knows that they 

 7           happen, and voters complain that we have too 

 8           many elections.  There's voter burnout.  And 

 9           there are better ways to do it.  

10                  We've gone from one extreme, where 

11           Governor Cuomo abused his ability to set a 

12           date for a special election, leaving 11 seats 

13           in the Legislature open for close to a year, 

14           to now where we have too short of a deadline.

15                  So we need to rethink this and make it 

16           more voter-friendly and less expensive, less 

17           arbitrary.

18                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Okay, so Ms. Lerner 

19           believes that we should extend that timeline 

20           out because we have too short of a deadline.  

21                  Does anybody believe that the dates 

22           should stay the way that they are right now, 

23           in any of your good government groups 

24           recognizing that we -- this is the bedrock of 


                                                                   570

 1           democracy, having seats filled in a vacancy? 

 2                  MS. LERNER:  When almost nobody votes, 

 3           something's wrong with how we're doing it.

 4                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  What problems does 

 5           this panel think that we might see if there's 

 6           a vacancy in, say, Congress for a long period 

 7           of time?  

 8                  Or maybe you can make some 

 9           observations about the problems that you saw 

10           with Andrew Cuomo dragging these out.

11                  MS. LERNER:  Well, we thought that 

12           that was unfair.  But as I said, I think 

13           we've gone from one extreme to the other.  We 

14           need to find a middle ground.  We need to 

15           consolidate.  And we need to set up a system 

16           where the people who are running in the 

17           special are not just hand-picked by party 

18           chairs, but the voters have a voice in 

19           deciding who runs.

20                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Anyone else want to 

21           offer up any other opinion on that?

22                  (No response.)

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I guess not.

24                  (Laughter.)


                                                                   571

 1                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  No opinion as to 

 2           whether a seat in the United States House of 

 3           Representatives should remain vacant for a 

 4           long period of time?  

 5                  I heard a lot of talk about 

 6           enfranchisement, representation, bedrock of 

 7           democracy from this panel.  They were great 

 8           talking points when you introduced 

 9           yourselves.  But what you're saying is 

10           there's no opinions from this panel as to 

11           whether the Governor has an obligation to 

12           call a special election to fill a vacancy in 

13           the United States House of Representatives, a 

14           seat that represents 760,000 New Yorkers.  

15           There's no opinions there?  

16                  MS. LERNER:  Senator, is there 

17           currently a statute? 

18                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Yeah, the state --

19                  MS. LERNER:  Then I assume the 

20           Governor will follow the law, unless this 

21           body decides to change the law. 

22                  SENATOR WALCZYK:  Do you support a 

23           change?

24                  MS. LERNER:  So what we're talking 


                                                                   572

 1           about is more theory.  How do we get this 

 2           right?  We've gone from, as I've said, one 

 3           extreme to the other.

 4                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 5                  Assembly.  

 6                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you.

 7                  Assemblyman Ra.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Good evening.  Thank 

 9           you for waiting around to testify.

10                  I mean, somewhat to the point of my 

11           previous colleague, I do have to point out -- 

12           because we hear all these talking points over 

13           and over again.  And I look at what has gone 

14           on in the last several years here.  I've 

15           watched a statute get changed to allow 

16           somebody to get put on the ballot.

17                  I should have five minutes.

18                  A statute -- it changed midstream to 

19           allow the Governor to put a new candidate on 

20           the ballot for lieutenant governor.  I've 

21           watched attempts to change an independent 

22           redistricting commission in the -- right as 

23           we were about to undertake a process.  I know 

24           there's an organization here that supported 


                                                                   573

 1           that effort.  

 2                  I've watched the doors to courthouses 

 3           throughout the state get closed in all but 

 4           four places with regard to redistricting and 

 5           constitutional challenges.  

 6                  So it cuts both ways.  So it would 

 7           take a lot more than five minutes to have 

 8           some of these conversations.  

 9                  And then obviously to my colleague's 

10           point, the ridiculous conversation that 

11           started at the end of last week with regard 

12           to the seat.  

13                  I understand we want more people to 

14           come out and vote, but think about it.  If we 

15           just did them on primary days and general 

16           election days -- I have any number of 

17           colleagues who are running for local offices 

18           this year.  One of them wins, we have a 

19           vacant seat come January, we're going to let 

20           the entire legislative session go next year 

21           without those seats being filled? 

22                  We changed those timelines -- you're 

23           right, what Andrew Cuomo did that year was 

24           ridiculous.  And that's why we shortened 


                                                                   574

 1           those the timelines.  So I think we should 

 2           have a conversation about these reforms out 

 3           in the open, not closed-door discussions that 

 4           have the potential to have residents go 

 5           unrepresented.  

 6                  Because that's the balance that -- you 

 7           have to balance the need for these people to 

 8           be represented against having the election in 

 9           a form that maximizes turnout.

10                  MS. LERNER:  Assemblymember, can I 

11           point out that you're not talking to anybody 

12           who is in any of those closed-door 

13           conversations?  

14                  We are the people who ask for exactly 

15           the kind of conversations that you're talking 

16           about.  And what I'm suggesting is that there 

17           is some middle ground.  We haven't hit it 

18           quite yet, but we could.  And absolutely, 

19           this is the sort of thing where there needs 

20           to be concerted discussions among all.

21                  We've seen all sorts of abuses -- for 

22           instance, in Florida, just like following 

23           Andrew Cuomo's example, DeSantis --

24                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  I don't represent a 


                                                                   575

 1           district of Florida.

 2                  MS. LERNER:  -- just kept --

 3                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  I'm concerned about 

 4           New York.

 5                  MS. LERNER:  -- offices open.  

 6                  So, you know, we don't have it right 

 7           yet.  I think we're all in agreement that we 

 8           need reform, and we look forward to an open 

 9           discussion and coming up with the best 

10           solution.

11                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  I'm glad.  I do as 

12           well.

13                  So I do -- I do have a question that I 

14           want to see if you have any thoughts on, 

15           because I want to point out it's 

16           unfortunate -- we've talked about public 

17           campaign financing.  You guys made commentary 

18           it's a system that we have now allocated, up 

19           until this budget, $46.8 million for staffing 

20           and administration, $135 million for matching 

21           funds.  We have another 14.5 and 100 million 

22           in this budget.  

23                  Yet we have no opportunity to question 

24           anybody who's charged with the administration 


                                                                   576

 1           of this program, which doesn't make any sense 

 2           to me.  Especially going through the first 

 3           round of it, we're going to have it for 

 4           statewide offices, we're now up to that 

 5           cycle.

 6                  But I know we're going through an 

 7           exercise of how did it work?  Should there be 

 8           any changes made?  And I want to ask your 

 9           thoughts on any of that.  

10                  One thing that I think I saw as a 

11           problem as a candidate was the competitive 

12           election, which I think is extremely 

13           arbitrary, and I saw situations where 

14           basically it wasn't competitive and then, you 

15           know, three college Republicans or college 

16           Democrats met in their dorm room and endorsed 

17           somebody, and now it's a competitive 

18           election.  I don't think that makes a lot of 

19           sense.

20                  MS. WHARTON:  So thank you, 

21           Assemblymember.  

22                  So the Public Campaign Finance Board 

23           has published its report on the performance 

24           of the program at last cycle, and it's fairly 


                                                                   577

 1           detailed.

 2                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Yes, I'm aware.

 3                  MS. WHARTON:  And I'm sure that the 

 4           commissioners would be open to speaking with 

 5           you, as they are with us.  They have public 

 6           hearings as well, so I think there is -- you 

 7           have a -- there are opportunities for you to 

 8           engage.

 9                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  I'm asking if you 

10           have any thoughts on changes to the program.

11                  MS. WHARTON:  Certainly there are some 

12           changes that the board has actually proposed, 

13           and we're on board with that.  Some of them 

14           include additional mandatory training for 

15           candidates and their staff -- so treasurers, 

16           fundraisers.  

17                  They've also -- the board has also 

18           suggested or recommended changing the payout 

19           schedule, the payment schedule, and a number 

20           of others that, you know, I'm not -- I 

21           haven't committed to memory, but they're 

22           listed.  And we are on board with those.

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you very 

24           much.


                                                                   578

 1                  ASSEMBLYMAN RA:  Thank you.

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senator?

 3                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.

 4                  Senator May.  

 5                  SENATOR MAY:  Thank you.  

 6                  Thank you all for your testimony and 

 7           for the work you do to try to keep our 

 8           democracy healthy.

 9                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Pull the mic up a 

10           little closer to you.

11                  SENATOR MAY:  Okay, is that better?  

12                  So, Dustin, I wanted to ask you a 

13           question.  We have a -- we passed a bill 

14           about requiring full-time elections 

15           commissioners.  We have a bill about staffing 

16           levels in boards of elections.  And one of 

17           the concerns is about the cost.

18                  And is there an estimate for whatever 

19           counties that would mean requiring more 

20           people than they have now? 

21                  MR. CZARNY:  Well, certainly we are -- 

22           there will be an additional cost for both of 

23           those bills.  But it would not be an 

24           additional cost to every county, and that's 


                                                                   579

 1           important to know.  

 2                  For the full-time commissioner bill, I 

 3           believe there's only 12 counties now that 

 4           have part-time commissioners.  And the last 

 5           version of the staffing bill we have to look 

 6           at -- we're still getting this data from the 

 7           state board about how many positions were 

 8           added at the county boards of elections 

 9           during this last cycle.  A lot of them did 

10           comply with adding permanent positions.  

11                  So we'll -- it's something that my 

12           caucus is in the process of getting all of 

13           that together, and I know we're working with 

14           your office about the staffing bill.

15                  It definitely will be more of a cost.  

16           But I will say that these two bills are 

17           targeting counties that have not brought 

18           their staffing levels up to -- 

19           involuntarily -- to meet the needs that this 

20           body and the New York State government but 

21           also the voters have asked for with our 

22           boards of elections.

23                  It's a -- this is not a part-time job, 

24           being an elections commissioner.  No matter 


                                                                   580

 1           the size of your county, we have four or five 

 2           elections a year, each election has three to 

 3           six months' worth of lead time.  We have 

 4           early voting.  We have early voting by mail.  

 5           We have permanent absentees.  We have 

 6           military ballots.  We have 10-day 

 7           registration now that is bringing, you know, 

 8           even a higher burden for boards of elections 

 9           to be able to meet the moment.  So yeah.  

10                  SENATOR MAY:  I'm going to interrupt 

11           and -- 

12                  MR. CZARNY:  Yeah, yeah., 

13                  SENATOR MAY:  -- ask one other 

14           question.  Which is there is a lot of concern 

15           in my district, in a lot of rural districts, 

16           about petitioning, now that we have to do 

17           petitioning mostly in February and March, and 

18           people are afraid of slipping on the ice or 

19           getting shot if they go to a door.

20                  So Arizona has an online petitioning 

21           system that seems to be working well.  Is 

22           that something -- just asking the kind of 

23           good government groups, is that something 

24           that you are interested in knowing more about 


                                                                   581

 1           and possibly implementing in --

 2                  MS. LERNER:  Reform of New York's 

 3           petitioning process is one of our goals.  We 

 4           feel that it's too onerous, and it's unusual 

 5           in its requirements.  Online sounds like a 

 6           great idea to explore.

 7                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you very 

 8           much.

 9                  SENATOR MAY:  Okay, thank you.

10                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Assemblyman 

11           Jacobson.

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  Thank you, 

13           Chair.

14                  The Governor's proposed budget 

15           eliminates all additional money to the local 

16           boards of elections.  Since 2019, as people 

17           have mentioned, we've made significant 

18           reforms to make voting simpler and easier.  

19           We've instituted early voting, the right to 

20           cure absentee ballots.  We now count most 

21           absentee ballots by Election Night, so we can 

22           have -- most of the times we have the results 

23           then.  We have prepaid postage for returning 

24           of mail-in ballots.


                                                                   582

 1                  But these reforms mean that the boards 

 2           need more employees.  It also means more 

 3           money.  Every year the boards need to replace 

 4           basic equipment -- the poll machines, the 

 5           voting machines, the on-demand printers, 

 6           sign-in iPads, and it goes on. 

 7                  The reason this is so important to be 

 8           funded on a state level is not all counties 

 9           support their county boards of elections as 

10           they should.  I think we need another 

11           30 million, of which 15 million would be for 

12           equipment and such, and 15 million for 

13           additional employees and administrative 

14           costs.  

15                  I just want to say that democracy is 

16           priceless, but it does cost money.  

17                  So comments, starting with the 

18           commissioner?  

19                  MR. CZARNY:  Yeah.  We obviously would 

20           welcome the money.  As my colleague said, 

21           that 38 of the 62 counties have machines that 

22           are over 15 years old now.  They have not 

23           been able to get enough money from their host 

24           counties to be able to replace those 


                                                                   583

 1           machines.  We have poll books that are aging 

 2           out.  

 3                  But we also need office staff inside 

 4           of the boards of elections to be able to 

 5           process registrations, new applications for 

 6           vote-by-mail in both of the absentee and 

 7           early vote-by-mail, and staffing early-voting 

 8           locations.  

 9                  So the burden is higher than ever and 

10           we -- and remember, a good portion of our 

11           ballots are New York State positions, whether 

12           they're State Supreme Court or the positions 

13           that you all hold, as well as propositions.  

14           And in other states those are refunded to the 

15           county boards of elections for those costs by 

16           the state.

17                  So definitely we need more money now, 

18           and we need a reform in the future of how 

19           much money that New York gives to county 

20           boards of elections.

21                  MS. PINO:  And if I can, 

22           Assemblymember, there was really excellent 

23           reporting at the Times Union after this most 

24           recent election that gets to your point about 


                                                                   584

 1           the disparity of election funding in 

 2           different county boards.  

 3                  There was one election commissioner 

 4           who shared that he could not purchase all the 

 5           security measures that he wanted to do 

 6           because he was not supported as much as other 

 7           counties.

 8                  ASSEMBLYMAN JACOBSON:  I've pushed for 

 9           extra money every year since I've been here, 

10           and this will not be an exception.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you very 

12           much.

13                  Senate?  

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Thank you.  I 

15           think I am the last senator -- no?  I 

16           apologize.

17                  Please, Roxanne Persaud, go first.

18                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  I waited patiently.  

19                  So thank you all for staying around 

20           and for your testimony.

21                  I just have two quick questions -- 

22           actually, three.  And it pertains to the poll 

23           workers.  We continuously hear complaints 

24           about poll workers.  Do you think that there 


                                                                   585

 1           is any specific training that should be added 

 2           to the training poll workers have so that 

 3           they can, you know, enhance the workforce?   

 4                  And also, don't you think it's time 

 5           that poll workers receive an increase in the 

 6           amount of money they're paid based on the 

 7           number of hours that they're working?  And 

 8           what can you do to relieve them?  Instead of 

 9           working 15 hours straight across the day, 

10           what is it that we need to do?  

11                  MR. CZARNY:  So, definitely the pay 

12           disparity is a problem from county to county.  

13           Many counties, including my own, pay minimum 

14           wage.  And that's what they set the inspector 

15           pay rate at, and they won't budge off of 

16           that.  That really makes it hard to recruit 

17           poll workers.  That is one of the number-one 

18           concerns I hear from people who don't want to 

19           do the job.  

20                  And while there is flexibility in our 

21           staffing right now to allow for part-time 

22           poll workers, and some counties are 

23           experimenting with that, I don't think that 

24           that's a panacea, because it does create a 


                                                                   586

 1           staffing issue in the middle of the day as 

 2           opposed to -- and just at the beginning of 

 3           the day when people don't show up for work, 

 4           and then we have people that -- poll sites 

 5           that might not have enough poll workers at it 

 6           for the rest of the day.

 7                  So I don't want to take up all of the 

 8           time on that, but ...

 9                  MS. SMITKA:  Dustin, I think you're 

10           exactly right.  It's a long shift.  There is 

11           the ability for folks to do split-shifts, but 

12           again, that's more administrative burden on 

13           local boards to ensure that even more folks 

14           are trained up to support those processes.

15                  The one thing I think we could really 

16           enhance as it relates to poll worker training 

17           is training around affidavit ballots and when 

18           those are given out to voters.  That's 

19           something that time and time again we've all 

20           seen every single election, voters denied the 

21           right to vote simply due to a poll worker who 

22           didn't understand New York State law.

23                  MS. LERNER:  And I do want to suggest 

24           that there be a refresher requirement.  What 


                                                                   587

 1           happens is the poll workers are trained far 

 2           in advance.  Sometimes they get confused 

 3           between the primary and the general because 

 4           it's been so long since they've had the 

 5           training.  

 6                  So we're looking forward to the 

 7           statewide curriculum that you have happily 

 8           required the state board to provide.  We hope 

 9           to see more hands-on training, not just 

10           talking at the poll workers but giving them 

11           an opportunity to engage with the machinery, 

12           and that there is a refresher requirement at 

13           the end of summer.

14                  SENATOR PERSAUD:  One quick thing.  

15                  What do we need to do to increase 

16           voter turnout?  We've put in a lot of money, 

17           but what do we need to do?  

18                  MS. LERNER:  If I had a magic silver 

19           bullet, believe me, I would have sent it out 

20           by now.

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Thank you, Senator.

22                  Assemblyman Dais.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Good evening.  

24                  First off, to everyone who wants to, 


                                                                   588

 1           election integrity is big.  I had a special 

 2           election, a primary and a general last year.  

 3           It takes a lot of coordination.  And even if 

 4           we do make some changes, I do believe 

 5           New York has one of the shortest time periods 

 6           in the country for special elections, even if 

 7           there's a small extension.

 8                  But I want to pivot to the future.  To 

 9           me, leadership is having the vision to see 

10           what's coming ahead.  I'm concerned about the 

11           census.  We are now projected, from what the 

12           Brennan Center said about it, that we could 

13           lose two congressional seats in 2030.  That 

14           will impact our funding at the state.  This 

15           is a bipartisan issue, a Democrat and 

16           Republican issue.  

17                  I'm currently working on legislation 

18           that I want to be in the budget asking the 

19           Governor to do $2.5 million annually with a 

20           bump going to 2029 and 2030.  I believe we 

21           have to put this in as a budgetary aspect if 

22           we want New York to remain this political 

23           hammer that we are in this great country of 

24           ours.   


                                                                   589

 1                  What can we do, what should we do, and 

 2           would you support this initiative to have 

 3           budget line items to make sure we have a 

 4           census office in the Secretary of State's 

 5           office?  And what other recommendations would 

 6           you make? 

 7                  MS. LERNER:  Excellent idea.  We would 

 8           support it.  

 9                  The big problem that we had in the 

10           last census was money was appropriated and 

11           not actually paid out, so our census work 

12           started late.  

13                  I think this is absolutely essential.  

14           And it will allow to build the neighborhood 

15           community-based work that's necessary for a 

16           good census turnout.

17                  MS. SMITKA:  Our support would 

18           certainly depend on the details.  But the -- 

19           you know, ensuring that we've got an accurate 

20           and holistic census is of utmost importance 

21           to the League.  And so it's something we'd be 

22           very interested in hearing more about.

23                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Okay?  

24                  MS. PINO:  Yes.  While I can't opine 


                                                                   590

 1           on it on behalf of the Brennan Center at this 

 2           moment, I am very eager to bring this back to 

 3           my team to explore it further.

 4                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Listen, I did a lot 

 5           of research through Brennan now also, so 

 6           thank you.

 7                  MR. CZARNY:  In general, I'm always 

 8           for counting as many people as possible, and 

 9           I think that that would be a good thing.  I 

10           think we lost our congressional seat last 

11           time by 48 people?

12                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Eighty-nine.  

13           Eighty-nine people.

14                  MR. CZARNY:  Eighty-nine.  A little 

15           bit more.  But we need to do better. 

16                  ASSEMBLYMAN DAIS:  Right.  And to me, 

17           that's a bipartisan issue because certain red 

18           areas will definitely become purple, moving 

19           lines, and some of the issues that we ran 

20           into would have been solved if just we'd 

21           counted 89.

22                  And particularly, I think it needs to 

23           be a permanent office that we need to fund 

24           through the Secretary of State.  And more 


                                                                   591

 1           importantly, we need to make sure our ethnic 

 2           media -- we've got to reach the immigrant 

 3           population, especially with our migrant 

 4           population that we incurred.  These upstate 

 5           areas definitely make sure they're counted, 

 6           right, so they get the funding, so they get 

 7           the representation that they need.  

 8                  And like I said, I think this is a 

 9           New York issue and a country issue and a 

10           democracy issue.  Thank you so much.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Senate? 

12                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Now I think I'm 

13           the last Senator.

14                  So I think, Susan, you were attempting 

15           to answer an earlier question about the 

16           timelines of special elections here over 

17           history.  But am I right, like this varies 

18           state to state all over the place? 

19                  MS. LERNER:  It does.  It definitely 

20           does.  I mean, you know, that's the glory of 

21           our federalist system.  There are a lot of 

22           different models out there that we can be 

23           looking at.

24                  I will admit I have not done the 


                                                                   592

 1           thorough analysis that my colleagues at 

 2           Citizens Union did several years ago, so 

 3           sitting here I can't say, Well, I like this 

 4           one; I don't like that one.  

 5                  But I think it's a discussion we need 

 6           to have.

 7                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And is it also 

 8           true that states that don't have endless 

 9           elections and primaries and specials not 

10           lined up at all actually do have better voter 

11           turnout?  I mean, you pointed out how low 

12           ours is.

13                  MS. LERNER:  Yes.  

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  But does it 

15           actually help voter turnout?

16                  MS. LERNER:  It does, because voter 

17           burnout is a persistent problem in New York.

18                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  Okay.  So if we 

19           had fewer, we would have bigger voter 

20           turnout.  

21                  And to the two commissioners, my 

22           understanding is every election is pretty 

23           damn expensive.  So if we have fewer 

24           elections per year, will we not save a 


                                                                   593

 1           significant amount of money? 

 2                  MR. CZARNY:  So my personal opinion on 

 3           this -- I always support elections being held 

 4           in a time period that more voters are going 

 5           to turn out.  And if it can also save money 

 6           at the same time, that's generally something 

 7           I support.  

 8                  It's one of the reasons I supported 

 9           the even-year bill.  It's one of the reasons 

10           I urged my villages to move their elections 

11           to November instead of in March and April -- 

12           or March and June.  So if I'm being logically 

13           consistent, that is a pattern that I would 

14           support.

15                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  And I guess then 

16           for Citizen Action, if we can save money by 

17           not having so many elections that nobody 

18           votes in, doesn't that help to address the 

19           fact that there are some costs from having a 

20           campaign finance system? 

21                  MS. WHARTON:  Um -- yes.

22                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  That's a good 

23           answer.

24                  (Laughter.)


                                                                   594

 1                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  That was a direct 

 2           question.  

 3                  So it seems to me we could change our 

 4           special-election time frame, be consistent 

 5           with many other states -- perhaps see a 

 6           significant increase in our voter 

 7           participation rates, which is what we want -- 

 8           save money, and maybe even help answer some 

 9           people's concerns that we're now spending 

10           some money on campaign finance reform.

11                  I could ask many other questions, but 

12           I won't, about why actually having campaign 

13           finance reform actually saves us quite a bit 

14           of money for many other reasons.  

15                  But I think I'll just stop with that 

16           and give back my seven minutes, Mr. Assembly 

17           Chair.

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  It is in the ether 

19           now.

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I guess MaryJane 

22           Shimsky has left us, so it's up to me to 

23           close this out.

24                  I just have two questions.  One has to 


                                                                   595

 1           do with campaign finance reform, which I 

 2           don't think -- I don't think is effective.  

 3           We differ in opinion here.  We've had 

 4           statewide campaign finances for several years 

 5           now.  How many individuals that ran for 

 6           statewide office as AG, Governor, or 

 7           Attorney General participated? 

 8                  MS. WHARTON:  Assemblymember, that 

 9           rollout, the statewide elections will be for 

10           the first time in 2026.

11                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  No, we put it in 

12           effect a long time ago, it's been in effect.

13                  MS. WHARTON:  For public campaign 

14           financing?

15                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Public campaign 

16           financing for statewide elected officials.

17                  MS. WHARTON:  So with -- 

18                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  See, it is so 

19           unused that you don't even know it existed.

20                  (Laughter.)

21                  MS. WHARTON:  So -- perhaps.  So the 

22           public campaign --

23                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  When DiNapoli ran.

24                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  For Comptroller.


                                                                   596

 1                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  When DiNapoli ran, 

 2           yeah.

 3                  MS. WHARTON:  He did use it.  

 4                  So the Public Campaign Finance Program 

 5           that we currently have was created in 2020.  

 6           I think the law was passed in 2020.

 7                  So I believe when the Comptroller used 

 8           it earlier, it was a different version of it.  

 9                  But since it's been created, the last 

10           election cycle was for state legislative 

11           offices.

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.  And in that 

13           last election cycle, how many incumbents lost 

14           because of their opponent using campaign 

15           finances? 

16                  MS. WHARTON:  So that's a very good 

17           question, and one that we're quite interested 

18           in as well.

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I kind of know the 

20           answer, but -- 

21                  MS. WHARTON:  Yes, incumbency does 

22           have its advantages.  

23                  But I don't have that number at my 

24           fingertips, to be honest with you.  But, you 


                                                                   597

 1           know, we can get that to you.

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Okay.  Well, since 

 3           only I think four incumbents in total lost, 

 4           you can kind of do the extrapolation and 

 5           figure that out.  

 6                  Special elections, you know, the dates 

 7           are funny.  Right now we're in a special 

 8           election in Westchester County, we're in the 

 9           early-voting stage right now for county 

10           executive for a position that was made 

11           possible because of the election of our past 

12           county executive, and the deputy is running.

13                  My real question, though, is -- I 

14           guess this is for the people on the boards of 

15           elections.  I find early voting to be a 

16           pleasure to vote in because in 

17           Westchester County I can go to any of the 

18           voting places, give my address and my name, 

19           they go in their clipboard, they find where I 

20           am, and a ballot prints out.  

21                  Now, this is -- this is only one 

22           person running.  But when you're in 

23           general -- when there's a general election, 

24           if I go into White Plains, where I'm not the 


                                                                   598

 1           Assemblyperson, but I give them my name, a 

 2           ballot with my name will show up and I can 

 3           vote there.

 4                  Why don't we use that in the general 

 5           elections?  It would save -- I know it would 

 6           be -- you guys are always complaining about 

 7           not having sufficient staff.  This would 

 8           definitely cut down on the staff you needed.  

 9           You wouldn't need a separate machine for 

10           every election district.  You'd never have 

11           wrong church, right pew, wrong pew, right 

12           church -- none of that would take place.

13                  And it would make, I believe, voting a 

14           lot easier, a lot quicker.  And maybe that's 

15           a way to increase voter participation, where 

16           the wait time is so much shorter.

17                  MR. CZARNY:  I'm happy to answer that 

18           question.  That has been a legislative 

19           priority for both the Republican and 

20           Democratic commissioners for the last couple 

21           of years.  

22                  A bill, as I mentioned earlier, 

23           Senator May had passed the Senate the last 

24           two or maybe even three sessions.  


                                                                   599

 1           Unfortunately, it hasn't come up for a vote 

 2           yet in the Assembly.  

 3                  This permissive bill would allow us to 

 4           do just that.  And I really believe that vote 

 5           centers are the next wave of voting in 

 6           New York.  We've done early voting.  We have 

 7           a permissive early mail voting.  This is the 

 8           next big thing.  In many of our counties, 

 9           including my own, we already have the 

10           technology ready to go to be able to do this, 

11           but we don't have the law in place to allow 

12           it.

13                  And if this permissive bill is passed, 

14           we can start using the next couple of years 

15           having different counties experimenting with 

16           this vote center on Election Day before we 

17           get to a presidential election and allow the 

18           state board to create regulations that will 

19           help us refine and improve that.

20                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Aren't we already 

21           using it statewide?  What we do for 

22           presidential, you can vote for Congress or 

23           president?  Who else was running with the 

24           president?  The governor? 


                                                                   600

 1                  MR. CZARNY:  You still have to vote in 

 2           your county, and I think going outside of 

 3           your county --

 4                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  No, no, I'm not 

 5           talking about outside the county.  Within the 

 6           county, if I went to White Plains to vote for 

 7           Congress --

 8                  MR. CZARNY:  If you're talking about 

 9           affidavit voting, is that right?  Yes.  We do 

10           allow wrong church -- you know, wrong pew -- 

11           wrong church --

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  No, no, not 

13           affidavit voting.  

14                  I'm a registered voter, I'm registered 

15           to vote.  I give them my name, they go on 

16           their little board and they find me, and a 

17           ballot prints out with my candidates, my 

18           district, my congressperson.  And the 

19           governor and the president, it's the same.  

20           But the local -- wherever your 

21           representatives are from is what comes up on 

22           that ballot.  

23                  And that solves another issue that a 

24           lot of good government people want, and I 


                                                                   601

 1           also want, is to have a paper ballot or 

 2           something to show who voted.  I don't like 

 3           this touchscreen and there's no record of how 

 4           people voted other than a number.

 5                  MR. CZARNY:  That is allowed in early 

 6           voting now.  

 7                  It is not allowed or not explicitly 

 8           allowed in law for Election Day.  Some cities 

 9           and counties have experimented with it, but a 

10           lot of them are reticent to do so because 

11           it's not explicitly allowed.  And that's what 

12           the bill that I talked about would do, would 

13           allow that on Election Day as well.

14                  It is currently not the best -- it is 

15           the best practice for early voting in just 

16           about every county in New York State outside 

17           of New York City because of the many ballot 

18           styles in New York City.

19                  MS. LERNER:  Chairman Pretlow, we hope 

20           to have a conversation with you outside of 

21           this hearing about having you cosponsor that 

22           bill.

23                  (Laughter.)

24                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  Come talk to me.


                                                                   602

 1                  (Laughter.)

 2                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  I believe that is 

 3           all for our testimonies.

 4                  I appreciate you all coming and 

 5           waiting, and waiting so long for this.  But 

 6           your testimony was totally worthwhile, 

 7           listening to it.  And we'll see what we can 

 8           do with that bill, because I think it's a 

 9           good idea.

10                  Thank you all very much.

11                  MR. CZARNY:  Thank you.

12                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  And this officially 

13           closes this hearing.  Thank you very much.

14                  CHAIRWOMAN KRUEGER:  But if you come 

15           back at 9:30 tomorrow morning, we start a 

16           Mental Health hearing and other -- OPWDD and 

17           OASAS.

18                  Thank you.

19                  CHAIRMAN PRETLOW:  The Senator and I 

20           will be here. 

21                  (Whereupon, the budget hearing 

22           concluded at 7:01 p.m.)

23

24