Public Hearing - May 9, 2014

    


       1      BEFORE THE NEW YORK STATE SENATE MAJORITY COALITION
              JOINT TASK FORCE ON HEROIN AND OPIOID ADDICTION
       2      ------------------------------------------------------

       3                 PUBLIC FORUM:  SULLIVAN COUNTY

       4        PANEL DISCUSSION ON MONTICELLO'S HEROIN EPIDEMIC

       5      ------------------------------------------------------

       6
                               Sullivan County Government Center
       7                       LOB, 2nd Floor
                               100 North Street
       8                       Monticello, New York 12701

       9                       May 9, 2014
                               2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m.
      10

      11

      12      PRESENT:

      13
                 Senator Philip M. Boyle, Task Force Chairman
      14         Chairman of the Senate Committee on Alcoholism and
                 Drug Abuse
      15

      16         Senator John J. Bonacic, Forum Moderator
                 Member of the Joint Task Force
      17

      18

      19

      20

      21

      22

      23

      24

      25







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       1
              PANELIST INTRODUCTIONS:                       PAGE  7
       2
              Izetta Briggs-Bolling
       3      Executive Director
              The Recovery Center
       4
              Nolly Climes
       5      Program Director
              Rehabilitation Support Services
       6
              James Farrell
       7      District Attorney
              Sullivan County
       8
              Dr. Carlos Holden
       9      Physician
              Catskill Regional Medical Center
      10         Also, Medical Director for
                 Mobile Medic EMS
      11
              Captain Jamie J. Kaminski
      12      Zone Commander
              New York State Police, Troop F
      13
              Peter Laizure
      14      Parent

      15      Nancy McGraw
              Director
      16      Sullivan County Public Health Department

      17      Nick Roes
              Executive Director
      18      New Hope Manor

      19      Michael Schiff
              Sheriff
      20      Sullivan County

      21      Larry Thomas
              District Superintendent
      22      Sullivan County BOCES

      23      Joseph Todora
              Director
      24      Sullivan County Community Services

      25







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       1
              PANELIST INTRODUCTIONS (Continued):
       2

       3      PERSONAL STORY                                PAGE 11

       4      START OF PANELIST PARTICIPATION               PAGE 12

       5      AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION AND Q&A                PAGE 64

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       1             SENATOR BONACIC:  Can you all hear me?

       2             First of all, let me say, good afternoon.

       3             I'm Senator Bonacic, and to my left is

       4      Senator Boyle who's Chairman of this Senate

       5      Task Force, to see what we can do to combat the

       6      rising epidemic of heroin use.

       7             I want to thank our distinguished panelists

       8      that are here today.

       9             This is an informal -- an informal meeting.

      10             What I would like to do, is I'm going to let

      11      Senator Boyle make some preliminary remarks.

      12             By the way, there are 17 of these statewide

      13      forums.  This is Number 11.

      14             And at the end of May, under the leadership

      15      of Senator Boyle, we hope to put forth some kind of

      16      comprehensive package, that might include

      17      legislation, that might include some infusion of

      18      money to be put in critical areas, to help combat

      19      the acceleration of the uses of heroin.

      20             After Senator Boyle completes his remarks,

      21      I'm just going to ask the panelists to briefly

      22      introduce themselves, and then we're going to open

      23      it upper with questions to the panelists.  They're

      24      going to share their experiences.

      25             And then we're going to ask the audience if







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       1      you have anything to share or have a question of

       2      anyone here.

       3             I will tell you that I consider myself a

       4      novice when it comes to the subject of heroin or its

       5      use, and what is to be done.

       6             Quite frankly, I'm here to learn from the

       7      experts around this room.

       8             So, Senator Boyle, would you like to share

       9      some remarks?

      10             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you, Senator.

      11             SENATOR BONACIC:  Let's make sure your thing

      12      is on [adjusts microphone].

      13             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you, Senator, and thank

      14      you for hosting this forum; and to this

      15      distinguished panelists from Sullivan County and the

      16      surrounding areas, and to everyone who came here

      17      today to share and to learn.

      18             As Senator Bonacic said, this is the eleventh

      19      of 17 forums.

      20             We're going to be wrapping it up probably

      21      next week.

      22             And this includes, I'm from Suffolk County

      23      out on Long Island, all the way up to

      24      Western New York, where one of the upcoming ones is

      25      going to be in the Seneca Nation.







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       1             So this is -- this heroin and opioid epidemic

       2      is pervasive in all communities, all socioeconomic

       3      levels.

       4             And, we're learning some more about it in the

       5      10, now 11, forums that I've been to.

       6             There are some similarities in each one, and

       7      something different in each one, and that's what

       8      we're trying to take away.

       9             What I would suggest is, for our panelists

      10      and for the members of the audience, whether you're

      11      a treatment provider, prevention expert, a

      12      law-enforcement official, or a family member, or an

      13      addict themselves, if you are affected negatively,

      14      obviously, by this heroin epidemic and you say to

      15      yourself on a daily basis, "If I could just change a

      16      law or two to make it better, to help fight this

      17      epidemic, this is what I would change," that's what

      18      we want to hear about today.

      19             Or if you know of a program that has been

      20      helpful for your family member, that has worked,

      21      tell us about it.

      22             If there's one that hasn't worked, then say

      23      "This is a waste taxpayer money."  Let us know about

      24      that, too.

      25             We're trying to get as many -- as much







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       1      information as possible.

       2             The idea for the Task Force, and, obviously,

       3      Senator Bonacic is an important member of that

       4      Task Force, is to report by June 1st, and then

       5      we're going to immediately introduce significant

       6      legislation in the days following, and get it passed

       7      in this Senate session, and hopefully passed into

       8      law, as well, to begin combating this heroin

       9      epidemic.

      10             I appreciate Senator Bonacic again hosting

      11      it.

      12             Thank you so much.

      13             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay, so why don't we start

      14      with Jim Farrell, our good District Attorney from

      15      Sullivan County.

      16             Jim.

      17             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Right here.

      18             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, I can't see too well.

      19             SENATOR BOYLE:  He's blind.

      20                  [Laughter.]

      21             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, no, introduce, just

      22      for the --

      23             DA JAMES FARRELL:  My name is Jim Farrell.

      24      I'm the Sullivan County DA.  I've been the DA since

      25      2010.







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       1             My career in law enforcement started here in

       2      Sullivan County in 1995, and as an assistant

       3      district attorney.  And, then, finally being elected

       4      to DA in 2010.

       5             I was reelected last year for another

       6      4-year term.

       7             JAMIE J. KAMINSKI:  Jamie Kaminski.  I'm the

       8      Captain, Zone Commander, for the New York State

       9      Police in Troop F, in charge of uniformed troopers

      10      in Sullivan County.  It's about 60 members.

      11             I've been in policing for 27 years.

      12             JOSEPH TODORO:  I'm Joe Todora.  I'm the

      13      director of community services for Sullivan County,

      14      which is the mental-health director for the county.

      15             We also are a provider of OASAS-licensed

      16      outpatient mental-health services, and are

      17      responsible for developing the local government plan

      18      for behavioral-health services to meet the needs of

      19      the community.

      20             NANCY McGRAW:  I'm Nancy McGraw.  I'm the

      21      public-health director for Sullivan County for the

      22      last year, almost.

      23             Before that, about eight years as deputy

      24      public-health director.

      25             And I'm also a licensed clinical social







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       1      worker.

       2             And in Public Health, one of our primary

       3      missions and goals is to prevent illness and

       4      disease.

       5             PETER LAIZURE:  My name is Peter Laizure.

       6      I'm the father of an addict who's experienced all

       7      phases of addiction, and tragically lost my son last

       8      October.

       9             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  My name is Carlos Holden.

      10      I'm a board-certified emergency physician.

      11             I'm the medical director of the emergency

      12      department at Catskill Regional Medical Center.

      13             I'm also the medical director for

      14      Mobile Medic EMS.

      15             So, I'm involved in both the pre-hospital and

      16      in-hospital care for, you know, all emergency

      17      medical conditions.

      18             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  Mike Schiff,

      19      Sullivan County Sheriff.  Retired from the

      20      State Police.

      21             With my State Police time, and Sheriff,

      22      36 years in law enforcement.

      23             NOLLY CLIMES:  Nolly Climes from

      24      Rehabilitation Support Services.  I'm a program

      25      director serving both Sullivan and Orange county.







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       1             We provide residential programs for people

       2      with a history of mental illness, as well as

       3      care-management services.

       4             We also have programs to serve families and

       5      their children, primarily to prevent placement out

       6      of the homes.

       7             LAWRENCE THOMAS:  I'm Larry Thomas.  I'm the

       8      district superintendent for the Sullivan County

       9      BOCES.

      10             I've been the BOCES District Superintendent

      11      for about 5 years, but I'm finishing up 40 years in

      12      education.

      13             NICK ROES:  My name is Nick Roes from

      14      New Hope Manor in Barryville.

      15             We're an all-female residential

      16      substance-abuse treatment center, where I've been

      17      there for over 25 years now.

      18             And I also teach for Brown University, their

      19      online addiction courses.

      20             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Hello, I am

      21      Izetta Briggs-Bolling, executive director for

      22      The Recovery Center.

      23             We provide a comprehensive array of services,

      24      from detox services -- [grabs microphone].

      25             We provide a comprehensive array of services,







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       1      from detox, to scattered-site housing throughout the

       2      community, which include residential treatment for

       3      men and women, outpatient day treatment services,

       4      prevention services, voc ed, and HIV services.

       5             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay, let me start, I think

       6      I'm going to go to Mr. Pete Laizure.

       7             Pete, tell us your story and your experience

       8      with your son, please.

       9             And before you speak, thank you for your

      10      courage --

      11             PETER LAIZURE:  Thank you.

      12             SENATOR BONACIC:  -- for you being here to

      13      tell your story.

      14             I know it's painful every time you have to do

      15      this.

      16             PETER LAIZURE:  Thanks.

      17             Thank you.

      18             I lost my son Ryan last October, 23 years

      19      old.

      20             I went with Ryan, from some gateway drugs,

      21      alcohol and marijuana, graduating to prescription

      22      painkillers.

      23             When that got too expensive, moving on to

      24      heroin.  In the beginning, smoking and sniffing.

      25      And when that wasn't good enough, moved on to







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       1      IV-drug use.

       2             This went on for four years, in and out of

       3      rehab facilities.

       4             In the end, you know, 12 hours before he was

       5      going to go back into a detox facility and another

       6      rehab, he, what we believe tried to do, is get high

       7      one more time.  And the drug dealer shot him in the

       8      head, and a couple days later he passed.

       9             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Peter.

      10             We have no order in terms of who should speak

      11      on the panel.

      12             You heard Senator Boyle say we're looking for

      13      suggestions.

      14             Maybe those that treat heroin addicts, and

      15      the programs, could jump in and share some of your

      16      experiences with us to help educate us.

      17             NICK ROES:  I could start.

      18             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yes, please do.

      19             NICK ROES:  I see one of the main problems is

      20      that there's --

      21             SENATOR BONACIC:  I would get closer to the

      22      mic.

      23             NICK ROES:  I think one of the main problems

      24      is that there's three separate systems that are

      25      designed to help the heroin user, and so there's a







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       1      lot of duplication of effort and waste of money, and

       2      sometimes the systems work against each other

       3      instead of working for each other.

       4             So depending on which system the person first

       5      presents themself to, if they present themselves,

       6      say, to the primary-care physician, they might be

       7      treated for falling down the steps, being in a car

       8      crash, cirrhosis of the liver, high blood pressure,

       9      anemia, a lot of other things, without ever treating

      10      the addiction that might be at the basis of that.

      11             So that's one of the problems, is that we

      12      need a more integrated system of care.

      13             And, also, in the substance-abuse treatment

      14      side, there's 11 different licenses that they have,

      15      so people can't really get continuity of care.

      16             There's always changing to a new counselor or

      17      something like that.

      18             So I think the problem is, we designed the

      19      system and the way we fund it on the basis of what

      20      we knew 50 years ago.

      21             And now that we know better how to help

      22      people, we shouldn't keep with the system that was

      23      designed before we knew how to help people.

      24             So, we need to reimburse for services that

      25      are really helpful, and not reimburse for some







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       1      services that aren't helpful.

       2             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you.

       3             Maybe someone could talk about the

       4      effectiveness of Narcan.

       5             I understand that, from the other forums and

       6      what I'm reading in the paper, that maybe this

       7      particular drug combats a heroin addiction

       8      immediately, someone that's going through

       9      withdrawals, perhaps it should be carried in a kit

      10      by EMS, by police cars.

      11             Is it effective?

      12             Can anybody share their experiences?

      13             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  Yeah, I'd be happy to

      14      address that.

      15             Narcan, or the generic name is "naloxone,"

      16      has been available for a long time.  It's

      17      inexpensive.

      18             It is very effective in treating opioid

      19      overdose.

      20             So folks who have -- you know, are not

      21      breathing very well because of either heroin or an

      22      opiate-pill overdose, Narcan immediately reverses

      23      that.

      24             It's safe.  There's no problem giving to it

      25      somebody if they've overdosed on another drug.







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       1             It's widely available.

       2             And recently there was an internasal

       3      formulation of it.  It's, essentially, like a nasal

       4      spray, so you don't need any medical training to

       5      administer it.

       6             It's just like, you know, a nasal spray that

       7      you might take for allergies, or something like

       8      that.

       9             In Richmond County down in Staten Island,

      10      they actually have expanded the use of that.

      11      They're having, pretty much, every first responder

      12      carry it.

      13             We do have it available here for our

      14      paramedic ambulances, but most of our BLS ambulances

      15      don't carry it, nor do law-enforcement officers.

      16             I think wider availability of that medicine

      17      would be very helpful in terms of, you know, saving

      18      lives for acute opiate overdoses.

      19             SENATOR BONACIC:  Does anyone know the

      20      insurance practice, if a person tried heroin, had a

      21      withdrawal, and they wanted to access Narcan?

      22             Does the insurance company pay right away, or

      23      must there be multiple utilizations?

      24             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  Narcan is not really for

      25      dependence.  It's not for the long-term kind of







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       1      dependence.  It's more for an acute overdoes.

       2             There is another medicine, the brand name is

       3      "Suboxone," that you may be referring to.  And that

       4      is, you know, more like long-term dependence

       5      treatment.

       6             And probably some of the other panelists can

       7      better address that, that medicine, than I can.

       8             SENATOR BOYLE:  If I could, Doctor, that's

       9      one of the things we're finding in some of the other

      10      counties and other forums, is the disparate use of

      11      Narcan among -- like, for example, Suffolk County

      12      where I am, we hosted one, and I hosted one myself,

      13      a Narcan training session for laypeople.

      14             You don't have to be a police officer, you

      15      don't have to be a first responder.

      16             If you take this 40-minute class -- it's not

      17      three weeks, it's 40 minutes -- and you get home --

      18      come home with a kit.

      19             And it will, certainly -- Senator Bonacic

      20      will do something similar around here, to get it out

      21      as widely as possible.

      22             One thing I find, though, and it's

      23      interesting, because it depends on what your health

      24      commissioner of your county has a different

      25      procedure for each county.







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       1             I've gone to several of them, they have

       2      different rules.

       3             So one of the things we're looking for is to

       4      make a unified system to say:  This is who can use

       5      Narcan and naloxone, and these are not -- you can't.

       6             You have to take the class.  That's the only

       7      thing.

       8             Yeah.

       9             JOSEPH TODORO:  And I do believe it would be

      10      very helpful to make it a little wider-spread

      11      availability.  You know, family members, you know,

      12      the treatment facilities ourselves, as well as some

      13      of the other public-health facilities.

      14             NANCY McGRAW:  If I can address some of what

      15      we've done so far, in terms of the -- we have a

      16      local Sullivan County Prescription Drug-Abuse

      17      Prevention Task Force that has been in existence for

      18      at least a couple of years, and that's through

      19      Public Health, and through a -- sponsored by a grant

      20      we have through the State Office of Rural Health.

      21             One of our primary goals is to reduce

      22      premature mortality in this county, which is one of

      23      the highest in the state.

      24             And a significant portion of that is due to

      25      drug overdose and accidental and intentional







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       1      poisonings.

       2             So, in terms of the Narcan training, we had

       3      worked with our task-force members, which includes

       4      many of the people who are sitting on this panel

       5      today, as well as some people in the audience, and

       6      we sponsored a training at The Recovery Center for

       7      27 people.  This was last August.

       8             So, that was our initial attempt to get these

       9      kids, and get the training out there into the

      10      community.

      11             We are currently working with the

      12      Sheriff's Office to identify some training

      13      opportunities for law enforcement, as well as with

      14      EMS.

      15             So that's something that's high on our radar

      16      screen right now.

      17             SENATOR BOYLE:  Now, can you tell me, in

      18      terms of the first responders, do volunteer

      19      firefighters have Narcan on their trucks?  Do you

      20      know?

      21             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  No, I don't

      22      believe so.

      23             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  Not yet, no.

      24             SENATOR BOYLE:  That would be a good place,

      25      too, because I'm one.  We often to the get scene







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       1      before the ambulance does.

       2             SENATOR BONACIC:  I have a stupid question,

       3      because I told you I'm naive.

       4             If there's an acute overdose of heroin, and

       5      they take Narcan, is it just gets them through that

       6      withdrawal period?

       7             Does it diminish, in any way, the addiction?

       8             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  No.

       9             JOSEPH TODORO:  No.

      10             SENATOR BONACIC:  It does not.

      11             JOSEPH TODORO:  What it is, is it's a

      12      neurotransmitter inhibitor.

      13             So, when the Narcan is injected into the

      14      individual who is overdosing, what happens is,

      15      the -- it blocks the opiate from going into that

      16      neurotransmitter.

      17             What happens with opiate overdose is that all

      18      of your autonomic nervous system shuts down, so you

      19      stop breathing, your heart stops.

      20             And once the Narcan is injected, it freeze

      21      those systems up, and begin to work again.

      22             SENATOR BONACIC:  So what it does is, it gets

      23      them through the withdrawal period.

      24             If they use it the time first time, it scares

      25      the heck out of them --







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       1             JOSEPH TODORO:  No, it doesn't get them

       2      through --

       3             SENATOR BONACIC:  -- and they don't want to

       4      use it again?

       5             JOSEPH TODORO:  It doesn't get them through

       6      withdrawal.  What it does is, it jump-starts them.

       7             SENATOR BONACIC:  It jump-starts.

       8             JOSEPH TODORO:  It brings them back.

       9             It doesn't cure addition, it doesn't prohibit

      10      addiction.  And it's definitely not used in terms of

      11      treatment.

      12             Treatment, we would look at Suboxone or other

      13      type of neural blockers, too.  And there are a

      14      couple of courses of treatment that's available to

      15      that.

      16             Right now, the studies show that sometimes

      17      Suboxone alone is enough to assist somebody in

      18      recovery.

      19             But, I think more -- my professional opinion

      20      is, more times than not, you should be having that

      21      type of a medication used with therapies.

      22             SENATOR BOYLE:  One question:

      23             For those of you who are not familiar with

      24      Narcan, I'm a former EMT and I've seen it work, and

      25      it is truly a miracle drug.







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       1             You're talking about someone going from the

       2      brink of death, not breathing, just about gone, and

       3      [snaps fingers] awake, alert, and talking to you a

       4      minute later.  Literally, a minute later.

       5             It's truly amazing.

       6             But you're right, it is a short-term thing.

       7      It gives them a second chance to get to the

       8      hospital, whatever the true medical thing.

       9             But you mentioned, on Suboxone, the more

      10      longer-term drug.

      11             What we're seeing in some areas is that it's

      12      almost being used -- now, you can become addicted to

      13      Suboxone; correct?

      14             JOSEPH TODORO:  It doesn't cure the

      15      addiction.

      16             SENATOR BOYLE:  Doesn't cure it.

      17             So -- but people are using their Suboxone

      18      thing to sell for heroin in some areas.

      19             JOSEPH TODORO:  Yes.

      20             SENATOR BOYLE:  So it's a difficult thing.

      21             I mean, as you mentioned, Doctor, that -- you

      22      need Suboxone with treatment, certainly.

      23             And what about VIVITROL?  Are you familiar

      24      with this --

      25             JOSEPH TODORO:  Yes, I'm familiar with that,







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       1      too.

       2             I think the issue really is -- well, there

       3      are a couple of things.

       4             One is, you know, if you took all the

       5      prescriptions that have been written for opiates,

       6      you know, recently in the United States, everybody

       7      in the United States would be high for an entire

       8      month, 24/7.

       9             Okay?

      10             So that's how much is out there in terms of

      11      the prescription stuff.

      12             The other piece is that, you know, this is a

      13      disease that's treatable.  Period.

      14             It's treatable, and we need to remember that.

      15             And I think that the real issue for us is

      16      access to treatment, and good treatment, as well as

      17      prescribing practices.

      18             There's no reason in the world for anybody to

      19      get a 30-day supply of medication when all they did

      20      was strain their back.

      21             You know, a 3-day supply, if you must, in

      22      terms of an opiate, at most.

      23             But, we don't have those types of formularies

      24      set up for prescribers at this point in time.

      25             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  Well, actually, we do,







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       1      and that's been a recent, I think, policy success at

       2      the state level.

       3             We now have something called the

       4      "Prescription Monitoring Program."

       5             JOSEPH TODORO:  "I-STOP."

       6             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  It's mandatory for a

       7      prescriber to consult that database and see what

       8      other medicines a patient is on before writing a

       9      prescription for a controlled substance.

      10             This is to eliminate the practice of what's

      11      called "doctor shopping," where folks go to one

      12      doctor, they get a prescription for a bunch of meds.

      13      Then they go down the street to another doctor, tell

      14      the same story, get, you know, more meds, and more

      15      meds and more meds.

      16             So with that statewide law, I think, you

      17      know, it's definitely helped deter abuse of the

      18      prescription products.

      19             Unfortunately, one side effect of that is

      20      more folks are, you know, headed towards heroin now.

      21             But I definitely think we've made great

      22      strides in terms of the prescription-drug abuse

      23      problem.

      24             One other policy recommendation that I would

      25      have, regarding prescription meds, is we know that







                                                                   24
       1      there are some particular formulations of

       2      prescription meds that are vulnerable to abuse.

       3             Several years ago, when Oxycontin first came

       4      out, it was referred to as "hillbilly heroin",

       5      because you could crush it, you could snort it.

       6             It was just prepared in such a way that it

       7      was prone to abuse.

       8             The manufacturer of that product subsequently

       9      did what I think was a very responsible thing, and

      10      chemically modified the drug so that you can't, you

      11      know, crush it up and snort it like that, which is

      12      really good.

      13             Unfortunately, we had a recent FDA approval

      14      of a medicine called "Zohydro," against the advice

      15      of their own subcommittee that investigated this

      16      medicine.  And similar to the initial formulation of

      17      Oxycontin, it's very, very prone to abuse.

      18             There's no -- it's a product that one could

      19      crush and -- you know, and consume that way.

      20             So I'm worried that we're going to start to

      21      see, you know, the same problems that we had with

      22      Oxycontin early on.

      23             So one recommendation that I would have,

      24      if -- you know, for policy, is, if we're going to be

      25      marketing long-action prescription opiates, they







                                                                   25
       1      need to have some sort of an abuse-deterrent, you

       2      know, formulation inside them, like Oxycontin now

       3      has.

       4             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yeah, that's an excellent

       5      point.

       6             And I, for the life of me, do not understand

       7      the FDA's decision there.  Their own advisory board

       8      voted 9-to-2 against the idea of this; and, yet,

       9      they still allowed it.

      10             And I think you're right, we may be seeing

      11      some overdoses in this area unless they change their

      12      mind very quickly.

      13             SENATOR BONACIC:  Just, I'd like to get a

      14      consensus with the panel.

      15             If I used heroin for the first time, am

      16      I automatically addicted?

      17             Or, it depends on my immune system and my

      18      health?

      19             Or -- because people say that.  They say,

      20      "one shot and I could be addicted."

      21             Is -- can you share your knowledge on that

      22      question?

      23             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Well, I think that

      24      you could be, depending on your brain mechanism,

      25      because different substances affect the brain in







                                                                   26
       1      different ways.

       2             So, heroin might be the substance that

       3      affects your brain.  Cocaine could be the substance

       4      for someone else.

       5             A lot of times it could be -- there are

       6      gateway drugs that people progress through, which --

       7             I think your name is Peter?

       8             PETER LAIZURE:  Yes.

       9             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  -- which I wanted to

      10      say thank you so much for sharing your story,

      11      because you took us through a timeline of a young

      12      adolescent who began experimenting with marijuana,

      13      and progressed all the way to IV-heroin, and

      14      overdosed at the age of 23.

      15             And from a community perspective, I think the

      16      community needs to understand and recognize and

      17      address that the youth of our community are

      18      experimenting with these substances.

      19             And sometimes we don't want to address it or

      20      we don't want to acknowledge it, but the

      21      progression -- the progression of the disease of

      22      addiction can happen very quickly.

      23             So someone can begin at 16, and actually

      24      be -- their life be ended at the age of 23, and they

      25      have -- their life -- they have experienced the







                                                                   27
       1      entire progression of this disease.

       2             So, it depends on the individual.

       3             Someone could use one time and become

       4      addicted; and someone, their progression could

       5      develop over a lifetime; but they still could end up

       6      in the same place, which is death at the end.

       7             So I really want to impress the importance of

       8      community involvement, and us addressing, not only

       9      our young people, but also our elderly individuals,

      10      who we're seeing a rise in their opiate and

      11      prescription use, as well.

      12             Because you also expressed a progression from

      13      one substance, all the way to heroin, which is, a

      14      lot of people begin with prescription, which Joe was

      15      talking about.

      16             You're prescribed a medication for 30 days

      17      for something that you may have only needed

      18      3 to 5 days, but, you became physically dependent on

      19      the substance and you began to use it more readily.

      20             And then the -- a problem was recognized

      21      somewhere down the road, and the medication was no

      22      longer available.  So the next option is heroin,

      23      which we -- there's no way to determine what level

      24      of drug or substance the person may be injecting or

      25      ingesting into their body.







                                                                   28
       1             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you.

       2             NOLLY CLIMES:  Just wanted to add, in terms

       3      of a recommendation, to keep in mind that --

       4             SENATOR BONACIC:  Keep close to the mic,

       5      Nolly.

       6             NOLLY CLIMES:  -- Mr. Laizure was talking

       7      about his son, that the -- one of the largest

       8      increase in heroin use, it seems to be in that age

       9      group, 18 to 25.

      10             And that we need to -- any recommendations,

      11      we need to understand this group, and prioritize

      12      their needs, and how to reach them in terms of

      13      prevention and education, because this is an age

      14      where a lot of decisions are being made in terms of

      15      education, career, relationship, life plans, all of

      16      which are high risk or interrupted once a person

      17      starts to use heroin.

      18             So I think that, as we discuss, and there are

      19      plans developed, we need to take into account that

      20      there is this special population that is really

      21      increased the use of heroin; and that's the 18 to

      22      25.

      23             SENATOR BOYLE:  Okay.

      24             Why don't we -- if I could just ask a

      25      question, for those of you in treatment:







                                                                   29
       1             A typical case we're hearing around the state

       2      is, say, a 19-year-old finds himself or herself

       3      addicted to heroin or another opiate, and finally

       4      says, "I want off, I'm ready to get clean."

       5             They get into a detox.

       6             And then, from the detox, in most parts of

       7      the state, it's a wait to get into rehabilitation, a

       8      recovery, a treatment center.

       9             The insurance says, No, we're going give you

      10      four days, five days.

      11             You know, what are you experiencing out here

      12      around Sullivan County?

      13             JOSEPH TODORO:  It's very similar.

      14             What we find -- and I think that's the policy

      15      issue, really, that we need to grapple with, is

      16      access to appropriate levels of treatment.

      17             Depending upon your insurer, depending upon

      18      your HMO, depending upon -- all of those things are

      19      a huge play.

      20             And the issue that you're talking about, with

      21      a young person who may be able to go into a crisis

      22      bed, and, you know -- you know, be somewhat

      23      chemically-free, and then needs to go into a 30-day

      24      program, or things like that, they're quite often

      25      told, not just young people, also, that, No, you







                                                                   30
       1      need to try to kick this on an outpatient basis

       2      first.

       3             And Izetta will tell you, we have

       4      professionals in our offices who can look at

       5      somebody, and go:  This is not going to work on an

       6      outpatient basis.

       7             Because it has a lot to do, also, with, you

       8      know, the person being in a willing environment,

       9      too.

      10             You know, so it's not often that you have a

      11      drug addict who can go someplace and be safe and

      12      away from all those people who have influenced their

      13      drug use, too.

      14             So that becomes an issue.

      15             So, access to treatment is paramount.

      16             We don't have enough treatment for

      17      adolescents and young people.

      18             Because of some of the rules and regulations

      19      that, you know, adults can't -- you know, we can

      20      treat kids who are 19-plus, but we can't treat them

      21      who are, you know, down -- below the age of 18 in

      22      certain settings.

      23             So, you know, access to treatment.

      24             And, you know, quite frankly, through the

      25      recession, the prevention budget out of OASAS has







                                                                   31
       1      been cut dramatically.

       2             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  Yes.

       3             JOSEPH TODORO:  We used to have quite a bit

       4      of ability to fund community-wide prevention

       5      services.

       6             Now, not so much.

       7             LAWRENCE THOMAS:  From the BOCES standpoint,

       8      I mean, we have had great relationships and

       9      partnerships with county agencies.

      10             And one of the things that we have witnessed

      11      over the short period of time, is that it's getting

      12      harder and harder to have those partnerships, and

      13      have some folks from some of those other agencies

      14      come into the schools, partially because those

      15      individuals aren't even available.

      16             And, so, that is a concern for us.

      17             I mean, we want to provide prevention

      18      services before students even get to the point where

      19      they -- where they may be forced to make a decision

      20      with regard to heroin.

      21             And what we're finding is, it's difficult to

      22      have the manpower, to have the service providers --

      23      prevention-service providers, even available to

      24      bring them into the schools.

      25             Some of it is -- some of it is a financial







                                                                   32
       1      issue.

       2             Some of it is community acceptance, too, in

       3      allowing us to go far enough down into the lower

       4      grades.

       5             NICK ROES:  There's at least a six-week wait

       6      to get into our program, and it's really

       7      heartbreaking to have to talk to parents whose

       8      daughters are really in trouble, and want -- we have

       9      to try to place them in shorter-term programs or

      10      crisis centers.

      11             You feel almost like you're playing God, and

      12      it's a really horrible position to be in.

      13             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  Yeah, no

      14      question.

      15             PETER LAIZURE:  I would just look to add

      16      that, my experience has been that the insurance

      17      companies will do that; just give you limited time,

      18      and the facilities have to continually call the

      19      insurance companies to get more time.

      20             30 days is not enough.

      21             30 days is not nearly enough for most

      22      addicts.

      23             This is a very powerful addiction.

      24             And you're right -- is it Larry? -- we got to

      25      get to these kids before they try it.







                                                                   33
       1             And I'm, you know, in a grassroots group

       2      called "Not One More," and we are trying to get into

       3      the schools.

       4             We have plenty of people ready to volunteer,

       5      set up programs, and it's really difficult to get

       6      in.

       7             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, I'd like to touch on

       8      that subject.

       9             I know that, you know, there's TV ads on

      10      smoking.  They show the horrific effects if you

      11      smoke, what happens to your lungs.

      12             I know the State Police used to do -- come to

      13      the schools with crushed cars to show what happens

      14      if you drink and drive.

      15             Do we have, number one, enough instructional

      16      material, education material, on the effects of

      17      heroin?

      18             And, do you think it's an obstacle to get it

      19      in the schools as part of an education program?

      20             I'm just throwing it out there.

      21             PETER LAIZURE:  From what I'm hearing from

      22      some of the schools, is they don't have the time,

      23      and they don't have the money in the budget, to have

      24      an ongoing program.

      25             They're saying that a one-day assembly is







                                                                   34
       1      just not going to do it.  It needs to be a

       2      consistent program over and over and over.

       3             I understand, you know, the budgeting, but,

       4      there are a lot of people who have been affected,

       5      who are willing to step up and help up and do some

       6      volunteer work for these programs.

       7             LAWRENCE THOMAS:  Yeah, the one-time shots

       8      are just -- are, in fact, that; they're one-time

       9      shots.

      10             And what we really need is a program that

      11      lasts a long period of time.

      12             I'm not even just talking about a year.

      13             I'm talking about years at different levels,

      14      and provides opportunities for students to really

      15      process the information that they get, to be placed

      16      in -- or have, perhaps, simulations or assignments,

      17      where they need to think about, you know, what kind

      18      of decisions they're going to make.

      19             I mean, these decisions that they make are

      20      life skills, life-success decisions, and they

      21      certainly relate to whether or not I'm going to

      22      become -- I'm going to experiment with heroin, or

      23      not.

      24             But they need to be placed in these kinds of

      25      decision-making opportunities frequently, and







                                                                   35
       1      practice that skill of positive decision-making.

       2             SENATOR BONACIC:  Do you think paid TV

       3      messages are a waste of time, or it's good?

       4             LAWRENCE THOMAS:  I think that they're good

       5      for themselves, but, again, they're a one-time shot.

       6      They're a very limited exposure.  They don't go deep

       7      enough into the content.

       8             They don't go deep enough into how it

       9      affects, not only you as an individual, but, also,

      10      how it affects your family; how does it affect your

      11      community?

      12             And so, you know, as one layer, okay, but

      13      it's just one layer.

      14             There needs to be a lot of other layers.

      15             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Larry.

      16             NANCY McGRAW:  I'd like to address, a little

      17      bit about, echoing the sentiments that have been

      18      said so far, about the need for funding for

      19      prevention services.

      20             We as a task force have -- among many of

      21      these organizations, have pooled our resources for a

      22      number of years, and have met with the

      23      superintendents, and tried to scrape together

      24      materials, have offered volunteer time on our own

      25      time, to go in and provide presentations.







                                                                   36
       1             I think what we really need, on the

       2      prevention side, is just that; we need more funding.

       3             All of our organizations and departments have

       4      been cut.

       5             Public health has been cut.

       6             Mental health has been cut.

       7             Law enforcement has been cut.

       8             The educational system has been cut in terms

       9      of mental-health resources.

      10             And I think we really need more funding for

      11      prevention resources that are evidence-based.

      12             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Yes.

      13             SENATOR BONACIC:  If that happened, would it

      14      be -- and it was earmarked for heroin specifically,

      15      would there be an assurance that it would be used

      16      for that, and not for other things?

      17             I mean, let's say we, generically --

      18             JOSEPH TODORO:  Well, typically, prevention

      19      isn't paid by insurance.

      20             SENATOR BONACIC:  -- gave more money into a

      21      budget.

      22             JOSEPH TODORO:  Prevention is rarely paid by

      23      insurance.  It's usually --

      24             SENATOR BONACIC:  No, I don't mean insurance

      25      companies.







                                                                   37
       1             I mean --

       2             NANCY McGRAW:  For the purpose of heroin

       3      prevention.

       4             SENATOR BONACIC:  -- if the State gave more

       5      money to public health for this specific purpose of

       6      fighting heroin addiction, that it wouldn't be used

       7      for pamphlets to go vote, or something.

       8             NANCY McGRAW:  I -- you know, all of the

       9      grants and funding that we have through

      10      Public Health is earmarked for specific purposes.

      11             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay.

      12             NANCY McGRAW:  And we have to demonstrate

      13      outcomes and evidence-based, you know, reports that

      14      we have used it for its intended purpose.

      15             And I'm sure, as all of these other

      16      organizations do, research on what works.

      17             And I think that we need to do more of that.

      18             And in terms of preventing, specifically

      19      heroin addiction, what Larry was talking about was

      20      specific to teaching kids life skills, and teaching

      21      them how to cope with making decisions.

      22             And that's what leads to, when they're faced

      23      with that peer pressure, making the decision not to

      24      use heroin, or something else.

      25             JOSEPH TODORO:  And, Senator, I would warn







                                                                   38
       1      against just going after the heroin addict, because

       2      as you've heard today, and many of the stories

       3      across the state, it starts with other things.

       4             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, no, I got that.

       5             JOSEPH TODORO:  So I think providing

       6      prevention efforts and funding to look at, you know,

       7      addiction, to try to develop these pro-social skills

       8      in our young people, to be able to, you know, resist

       9      some of the peer pressure that goes along with being

      10      a teenager, or a 20-something, I think that's where

      11      your money is well spent.

      12             You know, the treatment piece, access to

      13      treatment, is critically important, you know.

      14             But, if you can separate the toxic agent from

      15      the willing host in the enabling environment, you

      16      know, you're going to be in a much better place.

      17             And prevention dollars help us do that.

      18             NOLLY CLIMES:  Just wanted to emphasize that

      19      there is a direct correlation between reduction of

      20      funding on prevention program and the challenges

      21      that we face to meet the needs of the people that

      22      need the services.

      23             So I think that, if through this Task Force,

      24      there could be an emphasis to say that, the outcome,

      25      the crisis, the challenges, directly relate to what







                                                                   39
       1      has happened in terms of funding for providers that

       2      know what to do, but there many other program has

       3      been reduced over the last few years.

       4             SENATOR BONACIC:  There's no question of

       5      that.

       6             And prevention not only saves lives, it's a

       7      lot of bang for the buck --

       8             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  Yes.

       9             SENATOR BOYLE:  -- when you look at the

      10      crimes that are committed by addicts to get the

      11      money for their drugs, and for putting them in

      12      prison.

      13             Because, right now, a great percentage of our

      14      jail population, statewide, is -- are solely there

      15      because of their addictions, no doubt.

      16             SENATOR BONACIC:  I see last week there was

      17      an arrest in New Hampton.  A car was stopped, with

      18      $12 million worth of heroin.

      19             Do you think we need tougher drug laws, you

      20      know, legislation, against the people with heavy

      21      trafficking in heroin?

      22             Or, does anyone on the law-enforcement end

      23      want to comment on what they're seeing, whether in

      24      prosecution or in arrests?

      25             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Well, I can address that.







                                                                   40
       1             One of the things that I think's important to

       2      note, is that, as Joe said, this is an evolution;

       3      and as the parent down on the panel said, as well,

       4      there is an evolution.

       5             It starts with marijuana.  Evolves to the

       6      next level; maybe a painkiller, an opiate,

       7      hydrocodone, and oxycodone.  And then we're into

       8      heroin.

       9             There really is no difference in the way the

      10      drug affects the body between heroin and synthetic.

      11             It's a synthetic version of the street-drug

      12      heroin.  It's what it is.

      13             So -- and Sullivan County, New York,

      14      "Sullivan County, New York," leads the state in

      15      per-capita prescriptions for oxycodone.

      16             399 per 1,000 Sullivan County residents have

      17      a prescription for oxycodone.

      18             Now, what does that also tell you?

      19             Now, these people are driving cars.

      20             "They're driving cars."

      21             And one of the things that's very difficult

      22      for law enforcement, extremely difficult for law

      23      enforcement, and I think a recommendation that

      24      I would urge, is that we have some sort of per se

      25      "driving while ability impaired by drugs," just like







                                                                   41
       1      we do with alcohol.  We pick a number, .08, that's

       2      what it is.

       3             Well, when someone's driving under the

       4      influence of prescription drugs, you know what they

       5      say?  "I have a prescription for that.  So my doctor

       6      told me I could use it."

       7             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Uh-huh, and they pull

       8      it out.

       9             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Of course, they ignore the

      10      label on the bottle that says, "Do not operate heavy

      11      machinery."  They ignore that.

      12             Well, I can do it; I can do it; I can do it.

      13             We need to have a per se, because, otherwise,

      14      our police -- and when our police come up, they

      15      don't smell oxycodone, they don't smell hydrocodone.

      16             We have to have a way to enforce that.

      17             People are dying on our roads because of it.

      18             And when I look at the autopsy reports, what

      19      do I see?

      20             I see the prescription painkillers.

      21             I see the THC.

      22             And I see the three words "acute drug

      23      intoxication."

      24             That's what I see.

      25                  [Applause.]







                                                                   42
       1             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  Beautiful.

       2             DA JAMES FARRELL:  So -- and I think the

       3      education piece, we're fooling ourselves if we think

       4      we can educate these kids, and at the same time,

       5      pass laws that legalize marijuana.

       6             We cannot do that.

       7             We cannot out of one side of our mouth say,

       8      "This is bad for you"; but, this is okay.

       9             And we've got states that are doing it.

      10             And the feds are against it.

      11             And I hope the Legislature here in New York

      12      remains steadfast, because it is a gateway.

      13             And when we see people who are in trouble

      14      with the law, people who are imprisoned now because

      15      of their actions, what do we see in their

      16      presentence reports that are filed with the court?

      17             They started with marijuana.

      18             It progressed to painkillers.

      19             It led to cocaine.

      20             It led to heroin.

      21             That's what we see.

      22             That's what we see.

      23             So I think we're kidding ourselves if we send

      24      our kids a counterproductive message that one's

      25      okay, and one's not.







                                                                   43
       1             I really do.

       2             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  And I'd like to just

       3      add that, even though New York State may say no, our

       4      youth have access to the world.  They have the

       5      Internets, they have them on their cell phones.

       6             So if it's okay in Colorado, Okay, mom and

       7      dad may say that it's not okay, New York State may

       8      say it's not okay, but if marijuana is available or

       9      any other substance is available, they have -- they

      10      already have identified a favorable attitude to, "It

      11      must be okay if other states are doing it.  New York

      12      is just behind the times."

      13             DA JAMES FARRELL:  And the other thing is,

      14      these prescription pills, and when you see kids and

      15      you talk to them, and I have, they think they're

      16      safe because they're made by big pharma.

      17             "Big pharma makes them and they got to be

      18      safe.  My mom takes them, my dad takes them, my

      19      relative takes them.  They must be safe.  I can take

      20      them."

      21             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Yep.  "And it's right

      22      in the medicine cabinet, so let me go get one."

      23             SENATOR BOYLE:  One of the other things we're

      24      seeing, and as amazing as it is, someone like me,

      25      you know, gray hair, I think of heroin, to 1970s,







                                                                   44
       1      inner city, with the needle.

       2             A lot of these kids have never heard of

       3      heroin before.

       4             They're addicted to the painkiller.

       5             They go to their friend in school.

       6             Like, on Long Island, for example, because of

       7      the I-STOP legislation, that unintended consequence,

       8      the price of oxycodone is $30 a pill now in

       9      Suffolk County.  A bag of heroin is $6.

      10             So their friend says to them, Hey, there's a

      11      new drug called "heroin."  It's a lot cheaper and a

      12      lot stronger.

      13             They never -- they don't -- they're not from

      14      the '70s.  You know, they're thinking this is a new

      15      thing.

      16             And that's what we're seeing.

      17             So, prevention and education is going to be

      18      key, too.

      19             SENATOR BONACIC:  Just one thing:  I'm going

      20      to take something out of order.

      21             Lisa Wiles is the superintendent of the

      22      Ellenville School District.

      23             We had asked her to be on the panel, but she

      24      said she could only give us one hour.

      25             She has to leave, but she's indicated that







                                                                   45
       1      she would like to speak on the issue of education

       2      and heroin.

       3             Lisa.

       4             LISA WILES:  Thank you very much,

       5      Senator Bonacic.

       6             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, come on up.

       7             LISA WILES:  So, good afternoon, and I really

       8      applaud all of you for being here.

       9             I just want to talk -- I think that your --

      10      I think there's a lot of great ideas coming here.

      11             I think there's two issues I see.

      12             The first is one definitely prevention, and

      13      what best-practice prevention looks like in

      14      elementary schools, in middle schools, and

      15      high schools.

      16             But before I get to that, I want to talk

      17      about the access to treatment programs.

      18             And I've had -- I see a lot from my position,

      19      and I see a lot personally in my county.

      20             And, unfortunately, thanks to law enforcement

      21      here, I've seen, like, a very big heroin bust in a

      22      small sleepy town in Sullivan County called

      23      "Woodridge," where I live, four blocks away, that

      24      I'm, like, floored that it could happen.

      25             So it's all over.  It's in Long Island, it's







                                                                   46
       1      in Westchester.  My colleagues are talking about it.

       2             It's not limited to just heroin.  It does

       3      start earlier on and move its way up.

       4             But, there needs to be better access.

       5             I know of a family that had to wait three or

       6      four weeks to get into a program; for their daughter

       7      to get into a long-term program with an educational

       8      component.

       9             You know, I worked at New Hope Manor many,

      10      many years ago.

      11             Those types of programs that tout the skills;

      12      teaching, you know, addicts skills to reenter into

      13      society so that they have something when they're

      14      done.

      15             But the prevention piece is huge.

      16             So if you have a prevention council, we have

      17      one in Ulster County, and we work together to look

      18      at best practices that could be used.

      19             In the schools we are taxed for time.  With

      20      Common Core, everyone's worried about testing.

      21             You know, these are the basics.

      22             I keep saying we have to get back to the

      23      basics here.

      24             And basics are basics; it's not okay to use

      25      drugs, and this is what happens.  You know,







                                                                   47
       1      hearing -- hearing definite, you know, experiences.

       2             With bullying, you know, we've brought in

       3      so -- I'm using that as an example, because we've

       4      brought in specialists, we've talked about how to

       5      handle this, how to have students understand it, how

       6      to react to it.

       7             We need to do the same thing with drugs.

       8             And it is, sometimes, a dirty little secret.

       9      We don't like talking about it.

      10             We don't like that, you know, my school has

      11      it, your school.

      12             All the schools have it.

      13             And if anyone tells you they don't have it,

      14      they're not being forthcoming.

      15             The schools that have -- that are poor, and

      16      that are high-needs, have it.

      17             And if schools that have all the money in the

      18      world have it, maybe it's a different kind of drug.

      19             But we need best practices,

      20      scientifically-based programs.

      21             I don't have the time to go look at what

      22      works best.

      23             Show us some programs.

      24             And then we will need some funding.  We're

      25      taxed.







                                                                   48
       1             But, we're open to working with volunteers

       2      coming into the building, also.

       3             So I think on -- I'm not speaking for my

       4      colleagues, but I think that we definitely see a

       5      need for help, and I think it has to be a

       6      collaboration of law enforcement, you know, seeing

       7      that end of it, what the consequences are.

       8             But before you even get there, you know, what

       9      do -- what is somebody who's recovering say about

      10      how bad it was to get off of it?

      11             I know a family that's really struggling with

      12      a heroin-, you know, addicted child, and they could

      13      not get off -- she thought they could get off of it

      14      herself.

      15             It's not -- you cannot -- we can't go there.

      16             And there are people, there are kids, dying

      17      every day.  And people are -- they don't put it in

      18      the papers, in the obituaries, because it's shameful

      19      to them.

      20             And we have to get beyond that if we really

      21      want to try to help people and help our kids.

      22             And it goes -- I agree wholeheartedly with

      23      you, District Attorney Farrell, it's not okay.

      24             It's not okay that our kids drink when

      25      they're not allowed to drink, and it's not okay to







                                                                   49
       1      condone it.

       2             I'm not popular sometimes with my kids and

       3      their friends, but, it's just the way it is.

       4             And we all have to take a stand on it, but we

       5      need some best practices.

       6             We set up drop-offs for prescriptions.

       7             If you have oxycodone from surgery or

       8      something, we have something in Ellenville, I know

       9      we have them around the county, too, where you can

      10      drop off your prescriptions.

      11             But how many people in the county know how

      12      important it is not to have it out?

      13             More public-service announcements.

      14             Our kids in Ellenville are developing them.

      15             We have to work collaboratively and come up

      16      with you know, better best practices.

      17             So I don't want to take your time, but

      18      I appreciate it very much, and we're open.

      19             I know my colleagues are open.

      20             We surely don't want to -- we didn't go into

      21      education to watch children suffer.

      22             We want them to move ahead as far as they

      23      can, you know, in the future.

      24             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Lisa.

      25             Does anyone from the panel want to conclude







                                                                   50
       1      with any remarks they'd like to share?

       2             Because we're going to open it up to the

       3      audience, if they have any questions of the panel.

       4             PETER LAIZURE:  I just had a quote somebody

       5      gave me along the way.

       6             "Addiction hates awareness, and recovery

       7      demands it."

       8             SENATOR BONACIC:  Beautiful.

       9                  [Applause.]

      10             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yes.

      11             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  I just wanted to say,

      12      on my way here, an individual came into the crisis

      13      unit seeking services.

      14             She had been -- this individual had been in

      15      withdrawal for seven days.

      16             And when I asked, "Why did it take you so

      17      long to get here?" it was because there was no

      18      transportation.

      19             They live at the far end, almost by

      20      Pennsylvania, and there was no way for the

      21      individual to get to treatment.

      22             We do have transportation availability once a

      23      person is in a treatment program.

      24             But there are people that may be dying, just

      25      because they don't have a way to get here, to get to







                                                                   51
       1      the treatment facility in Sullivan County.

       2             And I just didn't want this to conclude

       3      without addressing the transportation issue.

       4             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you.

       5             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  Yeah, and I think it's

       6      impossible to overstate the magnitude of this

       7      crisis.

       8             Ten years ago, the most common cause of death

       9      between the ages of, like, say, 15 to 45, was

      10      trauma.  You know, that would be traumatic

      11      accidents, like car accidents, and stuff like that.

      12             We've done better at treating trauma.

      13             And this substance-abuse crisis has exploded,

      14      so that now the most common cause of death between

      15      the ages of 15 and 45 is substance abuse.

      16             It's an epidemic.  It's killing people right

      17      and left.

      18             We're seeing it in the emergency department.

      19             We're seeing it all around the community.

      20             So this is a true public-health crisis, and

      21      we appreciate your help in addressing it.

      22             NANCY McGRAW:  And I'd just like to say one

      23      final thing, from a public-health perspective, and

      24      the drop-boxes that you mentioned, we have

      25      implemented, through the task force,







                                                                   52
       1      three drop-boxes.

       2             And if everybody is not aware, they are at

       3      their local police stations.  24/7, people can drop

       4      off their unwanted prescription medications or any

       5      other drugs that you don't want: Fallsbury, Liberty,

       6      and Monticello.

       7             And the last two Take-Back days alone, we

       8      collected over 500 pounds of unwanted medication and

       9      getting them out of people's homes.

      10             So thanks to law enforcement for transporting

      11      them for us to the incinerator.

      12             We're making some efforts, but we do need

      13      funding for comprehensive prevention strategies for

      14      treatment, getting people into treatment, and the

      15      elephant in the room, in terms of mental-health

      16      resources, that cause people to use drugs in the

      17      first place.

      18             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you.

      19             Anyone else on the panel?

      20             Yes, Sheriff.

      21             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  First, I'd like to

      22      thank both Senators for hosting this.

      23             It's a complex problem; it's going to call

      24      for complex answers.

      25             From law enforcement, I go along with Nancy,







                                                                   53
       1      everyone's budget has been slashed.

       2             Law enforcement, nationwide, is having

       3      trouble coping with this problem.

       4             We have to approach it on every level in a

       5      cooperative effort.

       6             We need more law enforcement, and we need aid

       7      from the feds; from the State, meaning State Police;

       8      for more technological aid, whether that be

       9      eavesdropping, scoping out areas, doing our

      10      intelligence work.

      11             And we really have to address the "dealing"

      12      problem heavily.

      13             That being said, we also have to hit on every

      14      one of the other components.

      15             We have a D.A.R.E. program.  We're going to

      16      be trying to expand ours.

      17             Hopefully, there will be programs like that

      18      in the schools that will start addressing the upper

      19      grades.

      20             We have not been able to address that from

      21      our end.  We're going to be working on that this

      22      fall.

      23             The other problem is getting into, which has

      24      been discussed, long-term programs.

      25             There aren't too many people anywhere who







                                                                   54
       1      aren't related to or know someone who has a problem

       2      with drugs.

       3             One of my daughters has a heroin problem.

       4      She's an addict, and she happens to be in New Hope.

       5             I lived through all the things you've talked

       6      about.

       7             The short-term programs, just detoxing, not

       8      effective.

       9             She's finally in New Hope, long-term program.

      10             She had been in other programs, where she

      11      told me stuff got smuggled in.

      12             Not in New Hope.  They run a tight ship.

      13             I think there may need to be more State

      14      monitoring of these programs.

      15             But, to take a young person and want them to

      16      fail in an outpatient setting, three, four,

      17      five times, is courting disaster.

      18             You need to go at the problem aggressively,

      19      and get them the best help in the beginning.

      20             And I think the programs are reversed, so

      21      I think we need aid in that end.

      22             Another component that I would bring up that

      23      wasn't discussed yet here:

      24             My daughter was out in California for a

      25      while, and she got out of a short-term program.  And







                                                                   55
       1      what she found was, after she got out of that

       2      program, there was all kinds of support.

       3             Young people who met, like in AA or Al-Anon,

       4      they got together, they supported each other.  They

       5      understood their problem in a way that none of us

       6      can.

       7             And she found that to be very helpful; that

       8      the success rate after getting out of a rehab, that

       9      made all the difference.

      10             She came back to Sullivan County.

      11             She went to Ulster County to one meeting,

      12      went to a couple here, and found that there were

      13      mostly elderly people with alcohol problems.  No one

      14      she could relate to.

      15             And I think we need to work in the schools,

      16      but this goes beyond the schools.

      17             A lot of these kids are going to be out of

      18      school.

      19             I think once you get them out of a short-term

      20      or a long-term program, the key to success is, once

      21      you're back out on the street, who is there to help

      22      them?

      23             And I think if there's any component we can

      24      walk away from this with, that is lacking, it would

      25      be that.







                                                                   56
       1             I mean, every aspect of this needs to be

       2      beefed up, but, I'm finding, locally, there is

       3      nothing.  There is no support group.

       4             And at the end of the day, anybody can learn

       5      to live within the environment of a rehab program or

       6      in a medical setting where they're being watched,

       7      but when you come out and you're allowed to make

       8      those decisions on your own again, you need someone

       9      who you can relate to; not somebody who's totally

      10      out of your age group and maybe having a totally

      11      different problem.

      12             So I would advocate, these programs don't

      13      seem, in the rural areas, to be put together on

      14      their own.

      15             There are a lot of dedicated people that do

      16      it, but there aren't yet a lot of young people.

      17             I think we're going to have to figure out a

      18      mechanism, whether through mental health, health

      19      services, the schools.  I think we have to figure

      20      out a mechanism to create that environment.

      21             I don't think it's going to do it on its own.

      22             So if there's anything I would bring to the

      23      table, that would be it.

      24             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, buddy system, that

      25      makes sense.







                                                                   57
       1             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Senator, I would also say

       2      one other thing --

       3             SENATOR BONACIC:  Sure.

       4             DA JAMES FARRELL:  -- I think it's important.

       5             And Dr. Holden did a terrific presentation as

       6      part of the rural drug task force that we have here

       7      against prescription drugs.

       8             I think we have to ensure responsible

       9      prescribing practices by physicians.

      10             If you look at these numbers, and

      11      Dr. Galarneau was there, as well, from the hospital,

      12      and they're engaged, and we need our physicians to

      13      be engaged in this problem, but if you look at the

      14      sharp rise in opiate-overdose deaths nationwide --

      15      and he brought the maps, and it's nationwide, it's

      16      all over -- it parallels the increase with the

      17      prescribing patterns of physicians.

      18             So I think education, not just to the kids;

      19      obviously, we want to get through to them.  And as

      20      Larry said life skills, life -- and these are

      21      life-altering decisions that they're going to make

      22      if they decide to get hooked.

      23             "Life-altering."  It could end their life.

      24             But we also need to engage the folks who are

      25      prescribing these dangerous drugs, as well; and







                                                                   58
       1      that's our physicians.

       2             SENATOR BOYLE:  One of the proposals we're

       3      looking at is, is -- as part the continuing medical

       4      education every doctor has to go through, SBIRT; a

       5      program of treating people, screening, figuring out,

       6      what is an appropriate opioid.

       7             Because we hear it statewide, I mean, it was

       8      talked about before, a wisdom tooth taken out, and

       9      90 Vicodin is prescribed.

      10             It's all crazy.

      11             DA JAMES FARRELL:  One of the things that

      12      Dr. Galarneau said, and he could probably speak

      13      better to it, is we treat pain.

      14             We treat pain in America now.  We don't treat

      15      the underlying cause.

      16             So we have a bad appendix, it will bust and

      17      kill us if we're taking pain medication.

      18             Doctor?

      19             SENATOR BOYLE:  Please, yeah.

      20             Go ahead, please, yeah.

      21             Do you have a microphone?

      22             We just want to get it for the record,

      23      though.  It needs to be on a microphone to record

      24      it.

      25             Sorry.







                                                                   59
       1             DR. GERARAD GALARNEAU:  I'm Dr. Galarneau.

       2      I'm the CEO of Catskill Regional Medical Center.

       3      I'm also a practicing urologist.

       4             No, I agree; I think it's a shame that it

       5      takes a lot of training to be able to prescribe

       6      Suboxone and to treat addiction, but it actually

       7      takes no training, other than having your doctorate

       8      degree, to prescribe Oxycontin and addict people.

       9             You know, the treatment of pain, if I -- you

      10      know, as a urologist, if someone comes to me with a

      11      kidney stone, I can treat them with pain medicine,

      12      make them feel great, but I'm not treating the

      13      underlying condition.

      14             So, for the most part, treating pain with

      15      opiates is sort of a cop-out.

      16             Other doctors might disagree with me.

      17             But you could keep somebody going and

      18      actually never diagnose them with anything.

      19             So I think that if we worked on -- I mean,

      20      the biggest thing, if I had one thing on my wish

      21      list, it would be to have very strict educational

      22      criteria to be -- to have your DEA to be able to

      23      write for a prescription.

      24             Because I think a lot of doctors would

      25      relinquish that right.  I think that would be great.







                                                                   60
       1             Because you could make an argument that the

       2      health of this county would be better if no doctor

       3      showed up to work tomorrow.

       4                  [Laughter.]

       5             DR. GERARAD GALARNEAU:  I mean, that is a

       6      provocative thing to say, but, you could make that

       7      argument.

       8             So, you know, decreasing the ability for

       9      physicians to write those pain medicines, in some

      10      sort of legislation, and requiring specific criteria

      11      before they can, I think that would go a long way.

      12             SENATOR BOYLE:  What was it you said, the

      13      "DEA"?  Is that a --

      14             JOSEPH TODORO:  Your DEA number for -- to be

      15      able to write controlled substances --

      16             SENATOR BOYLE:  Oh, on the scrip?  Like --

      17      okay.

      18             Thank you.

      19             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Doctor, very

      20      much.

      21             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  Senator --

      22             SENATOR BONACIC:  Any of the panel want to

      23      share any other thoughts?

      24             We'll open it up to the public, but if

      25      anybody wants say something --







                                                                   61
       1             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  Senator, one other

       2      thing I would like to add --

       3             SENATOR BONACIC:  Sure.

       4             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  -- I think Jim

       5      mentioned it before, we don't want to focus on

       6      opiates, we don't want to focus on heroin.

       7             This is an ever-changing -- everything we do

       8      changes the landscape.

       9             And when we went into Afghanistan, the

      10      Taliban used to cut your hands off if you grew

      11      poppies.

      12             Now the Taliban has pushed back, I believe

      13      there was a United Nations study, 80 to be

      14      90 percent of the heroin coming into this country

      15      will be from Afghanistan.

      16             When we did the I-STOP, people went from the

      17      prescription pills, it became harder to get, more

      18      expensive, they went to heroin.

      19             If law enforcement changes and we do some

      20      other things, and heroin becomes hard to get,

      21      becomes expensive, it's like going to a farmers'

      22      market.  These people are going to buy what's

      23      available to them at the farmers' market.

      24             And we can't focus on any one type of drug.

      25      It's got to be a broad, comprehensive view, because,







                                                                   62
       1      six months from now, heroin may dry up to some

       2      extent, and it may be something else that's

       3      available.

       4             So, if we do earmark, it's just got to be for

       5      drug addiction and illegal drugs, and have that

       6      broad shotgun approach to what might be.

       7             Or like Jim always brings up, synthetic stuff

       8      that's not even on the books yet.

       9             DA JAMES FARRELL:  It is in Sullivan County.

      10             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  Yes.

      11                  [Laughter.]

      12             NANCY McGRAW:  Senator, I would just like to

      13      add, in terms of these -- legislation for -- or

      14      doing something about all these energy drinks, these

      15      5-Hour shots that are available to kids in the

      16      grocery store, that's a gateway drug.

      17             Do we know what's in those?  Kids are using

      18      those all the time.

      19             So that's part of the issue, as well.

      20             And, overprescribing, let's not forget the

      21      dentists.

      22             I got a 20-day prescription for something

      23      I didn't need.

      24             So, it happens every day.

      25             We have women coming into our clinics with







                                                                   63
       1      newborn babies, who are on Oxycontin and they can't

       2      take care of their kids because they had a

       3      C-section.

       4             They don't need that.  They need Tylenol.

       5             So, overprescribing, absolutely.

       6             JOSEPH TODORO:  And I would just like to

       7      emphasize that, you know, the way that we tackle

       8      addiction, and the way that we prevent things in our

       9      community, are a wide and varied thing.

      10             You're not going to find one -- you know,

      11      "one size fits all" in your attempts to look at

      12      this.

      13             I think that it would behoove the State to

      14      look at the localities, engage the localities, and

      15      have the localities say, yes, this is where our

      16      efforts should be.

      17             You know, at one point in time we were very,

      18      very married to our local BOCES to do prevention

      19      programs in all of our school districts.  And,

      20      unfortunately, that got pull away from us.

      21             It was not my local decision; understand

      22      that, okay, because that becomes the critical mass.

      23             You know, if you write something that's in

      24      general, and you don't rely on the localities to

      25      make a decision in where those resources need to go,







                                                                   64
       1      that's a mistake.

       2             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  Senators, I wanted to

       3      thank you very much for inviting me.

       4             I, unfortunately, am going to have to excuse

       5      myself.

       6             But my colleague, Dr.  Galarneau, I'm sure,

       7      can address any questions that come up regarding the

       8      hospital treatment for these.

       9             So, thank you very much.

      10             SENATOR BOYLE:  Well, thank you for being

      11      here.

      12             DR. CARLOS HOLDEN:  I appreciate it.

      13             [Applause.]

      14             SENATOR BONACIC:  I think there's a series of

      15      questions that have been given to MJ, so why don't

      16      you read the question, MJ.

      17             MJ:  This question is from Lisa.

      18             The question is:  What is local law

      19      enforcement doing to target underaged drinking and

      20      drug use at parties?

      21             SENATOR BONACIC:  Did they hear the question?

      22             MJ:  Did you hear the question?

      23             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Yep.

      24             SENATOR BONACIC:  Why don't we just respond.

      25             DA JAMES FARRELL:  We have a local law that







                                                                   65
       1      we passed, that holds people who host these types of

       2      parties, with underaged drinking or drug usage

       3      occurs, responsible.

       4             We have had -- unfortunately, we haven't had

       5      that many arrests under the law.

       6             We did have one in Fallsburg.

       7             But we are actively enforcing the law, should

       8      we come across that type of event.

       9             Obviously, with prom season and graduation

      10      season upon us, those things will become more

      11      prevalent.

      12             What our local police officers, all of

      13      them -- Liberty police, Fallsburg police, our

      14      Monticello police, and our Sheriff's Office -- have

      15      given us a commitment to enforce that local law;

      16      which unlike the state law, which requires the

      17      person to provide the alcohol, the local law only

      18      requires that the person allow the consumption of it

      19      on their premises.

      20             So it's a little bit different standard, and

      21      that's one of the things that we have in our quiver,

      22      so to speak, to combat that.

      23             We have to be consistent with our children.

      24             And I think sometimes when we get

      25      inconsistent, as we have seen in Colorado and in







                                                                   66
       1      other states, it screws things up.

       2             And I think we need to be consistent in our

       3      message that these things are not okay.

       4             We know from studies, with respect to

       5      alcohol, and we'll start there, that on the

       6      adolescent brain it causes enormous damage.

       7             Now, not so much on an adult brain because

       8      it's already grown and it's gotten to its position.

       9             SENATOR BONACIC:  [Unintelligible.]

      10                  [Laughter.]

      11             DA JAMES FARRELL:  But on a growing brain,

      12      it's life-altering.

      13             Again, go back to what Larry is saying about

      14      life -- you know, life events, and you're talking

      15      about altering your life forever when you consume

      16      alcohol, when your brain is growing.

      17             So we have to be consistent; we have to have

      18      a consistent message.

      19             We can't say one's okay, and one's not,

      20      because then we confuse them, and we send mixed

      21      messages.  And I believe that's counterproductive.

      22             JOSEPH TODORO:  And if I could just add, with

      23      regard to the parents who host, the statute that

      24      we've passed locally, if you're aware of that stuff

      25      is going on, call the police.







                                                                   67
       1             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Absolutely.

       2             JOSEPH TODORO:  Otherwise, you're an enabler.

       3             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Right.

       4             DA JAMES FARRELL:  Correct.

       5             Correct.

       6                  [Applause.].

       7             SENATOR BONACIC:  Lisa, are you satisfied

       8      with the answer?

       9             If you have a follow-up question, you know,

      10      please continue, or else we'll go to the next

      11      question.

      12             Are you okay?

      13             Okay, MJ, the second question.

      14             MJ:  This is from Cora Edwards.

      15             Cora, are you here?

      16             Okay.

      17             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah.

      18             MJ:  Cora asks:  How has heroin become so

      19      accessible in this area?

      20             CORA EDWARDS:  [Off video.]  "In this era?"

      21             MJ:  "In this era?"

      22             I'm sorry.

      23             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay.  You know, I didn't

      24      hear the question.

      25             MJ, could you step in front of the podium and







                                                                   68
       1      you say it louder?

       2             MJ:  Sure.  Sure, yes.

       3             "How has heroin become so accessible in this

       4      era?"

       5             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay.

       6             MJ:  From Cora.

       7             SENATOR BONACIC:  All right, thanks, MJ.

       8             Does anybody --

       9             JOSEPH TODORO:  I think it's always been

      10      accessible, but I also do believe that it's really

      11      the overprescribing that's occurred, you know,

      12      across the nation, in terms of managing pain.

      13             And once we start to, you know, limit the

      14      availability of those pain medications, then

      15      heroin's a pretty easy choice for somebody.  Instead

      16      of a $30 pill, I can get a $6 bag of heroin.

      17             And I think that's why it is.

      18             And, it's the new flavor, apparently, you

      19      know, but, it's really accessible.

      20             Just ask, you know, our DA and the

      21      State Trooper here, they'll tell you, that they

      22      bring it up the Hudson, drop it off in Newburgh, and

      23      they've got, you know, both the Thruway and 84 to

      24      distribute from.

      25             NOLLY CLIMES:  It's also the price, that it







                                                                   69
       1      costs less now, and that makes it a lot easier in an

       2      alternative choice.

       3             SENATOR BONACIC:  On something of a macro

       4      scale, too, the cartels, the drug cartels, they're

       5      evil people, but they're very smart.  And they

       6      realize that we've got an American generation

       7      addicted to opioids, painkillers overprescribed, and

       8      say:  Well, when they pass these laws to stop the

       9      prescription drugs from going, they're going to

      10      still be a addicted to opioids, because they're not

      11      doing anything about that.

      12             And, so, they put heroin out very cheaply.

      13             And one important thing is, we used to get

      14      the heroin from the Golden Triangle of Afghanistan,

      15      stuff like that.  Now it's only about 20 percent

      16      coming in.

      17             Most of it's coming from Mexico; being

      18      manufactured and grown in Mexico.  So it is a lot

      19      cheaper, obviously, just in terms of transportation.

      20             They bring it from Mexico, up to

      21      New York City, Philadelphia, Newburgh, and out to

      22      here.

      23             DA JAMES FARRELL:  And I think people --

      24             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  I think, also, on

      25      that subject --







                                                                   70
       1             DA JAMES FARRELL:  I think people are also

       2      using it, they're snorting it, as opposed to using

       3      in it needles; whereas, years ago, it was used in a

       4      needle.

       5             But even now, you have individuals who are

       6      not afraid of the needle.

       7             You know, AIDS is kind of like, and HIV is

       8      kind of like, off the map.  We've got great

       9      treatment for that.  People can live with it for

      10      years and years and years, so people are not afraid.

      11             SHERIFF MICHAEL SCHIFF:  I was going to

      12      basically say the same thing.

      13             In the '80s, they had to market the heroin to

      14      snort it because it was a very negative connotation.

      15             If you used the needle, you were an addict.

      16             If you didn't use the needle, it was

      17      recreational drugs.

      18             I'm not seeing any stigma, I don't know think

      19      anyone else is, with a needle.

      20             It's become so acceptable for someone to have

      21      a needle and use it, and I think that's part of the

      22      huge change which has put heroin where it is, in

      23      addition to the cost.

      24             NOLLY CLIMES:  I think it is, also, there is

      25      a misunderstanding that snorting heroin is safer







                                                                   71
       1      than injecting, when we're talking about the same

       2      thing.

       3             SENATOR BONACIC:  Well, I remember that if

       4      you used a needle, you could catch AIDS.

       5             NOLLY CLIMES:  Right.

       6             SENATOR BONACIC:  So, you know, you didn't

       7      want to try a needle that could be infected, that

       8      leads us to AIDS.

       9             NOLLY CLIMES:  Right.

      10             I'm talking about for younger people who

      11      think that there is a difference between a pure form

      12      of heroin versus a less-pure form, in terms of the

      13      drug per se.

      14             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, okay.

      15             Next question, MJ.

      16             MJ:  "TV media is not allowed to do ads about

      17      liquor.  In Europe certain products are not allowed

      18      to be advertised.

      19             "Can we, you, the government, stop ads for

      20      pharmaceuticals?"

      21                  [Laughter.]

      22                  [Applause.]

      23             SENATOR BONACIC:  A constitutional issue.

      24             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yeah, I think there's a

      25      constitutional issue there.







                                                                   72
       1             I think -- well, we have seen a change in the

       2      advertising.

       3             If you watch a typical drug commercial now,

       4      the side effects are longer than the normal part of

       5      the commercial.

       6             So we're coming away, but I think we're going

       7      to be constitutionally off-kilter by trying to ban

       8      them completely.

       9             DA JAMES FARRELL:  But I do think that the

      10      question raises a good point.

      11             I mean, look at smoking in America.

      12             Look at how smoking, how everybody came

      13      together and drove that down to levels we've never

      14      seen before.

      15             It's at its low point.

      16             And a lot of that was done through

      17      legislation, with respect to the big tobacco

      18      companies.

      19             And I think that maybe if you look at some of

      20      the strategies that were used with tobacco, because

      21      tobacco kills you, it's addictive, it's highly

      22      addictive, may not be as acute, but it certainly has

      23      the same end result, we might use some of those

      24      strategies in this fight.

      25             MJ:  I have Alan Sorensen, Legislative







                                                                   73
       1      District 9, who had asked to speak.

       2             SENATOR BONACIC:  Hi, Alan.

       3             Welcome.  Thank you for stopping in.

       4             ALAN SORENSEN:  Thank you, Senator.

       5             I just want to follow up on the same topic.

       6             In the -- the United States -- there's only

       7      two countries in world that allow direct-to-consumer

       8      advertising of pharmaceutical products; it's the

       9      United States and New Zealand.

      10             And in the United States, it wasn't until

      11      1997 that there was Congressional legislation that

      12      really expanded what pharmaceutical companies could

      13      advertise.

      14             And to follow up on Jim's point, I think that

      15      is the crux of a lot of the problem that our --

      16      where children getting addicted to opiates.

      17             If you look at the advertisements that

      18      they're placed, they're targeted to children.

      19             They not only identify the symptoms, but they

      20      give, in the advertisement, a list of the symptoms.

      21             And at the end of the advertisement, they

      22      say:  Go see your doctor and tell him you have these

      23      symptoms, and he'll give you the drugs that you want

      24      him to prescribe.

      25             Right?  We all see it.







                                                                   74
       1             So, you know, you can watch 10 minutes of CNN

       2      and you're seeing pharmaceutical commercial after

       3      pharmaceutical commercial for every imaginable

       4      symptom out there.

       5             If you're having trouble sleeping, take

       6      Lunesta.

       7             There's a whole variety of other products

       8      that are out there.

       9             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Inaudible.]

      10             ALAN SORENSEN:  Exactly.

      11             And so they're conditioning our children.

      12             And I do see this as no different than the

      13      attack that the big tobacco companies put on our

      14      children back in the '70s and '80s.

      15             We did, after people making -- connecting the

      16      dots, passed Congressional legislation to prohibit

      17      the tobacco companies from targeting our children.

      18             And I think the time is long overdue for

      19      the -- for our leaders to get after the big pharma

      20      to stop targeting our children with these

      21      advertisements that are definitely targeted to our

      22      children.

      23             That is part of the reason that there is such

      24      a high rate of addiction in this country.

      25             And, you know, when that law passed in 1997,







                                                                   75
       1      the amount of pharmaceutical advertising in this

       2      country went from a few hundred million, to over

       3      2 billion, within a matter of a year or two, so

       4      there's no question that's part of the problem.

       5             And I think we need -- I would recommend

       6      two actions:

       7             One, to pursue legislation that would

       8      dramatically limit the ability of pharmaceutical

       9      companies to do direct consumer advertising in the

      10      United States of America;

      11             And, two, that similar to the tobacco

      12      settlement, where the big tobacco companies were

      13      required to pay into a fund to offset and to help

      14      address the high cancer rates as a result of tobacco

      15      smoking, that we need someone, whether -- I don't

      16      know what group out there, but there's got to be an

      17      attorney out there in the U.S. who wants to pursue a

      18      class-action settlement, to go after the big

      19      pharmaceutical companies who are targeting our

      20      children with this direct consumer advertising.

      21             And there should be a pharmaceutical

      22      tobacco -- or, settlement fund that's set up to help

      23      pay for some of these things that our municipalities

      24      are having to fund.

      25                  [Applause.]







                                                                   76
       1             ALAN SORENSEN:  So, you know, it's -- I can't

       2      help but get emotional about it, because I do think

       3      it's an intentional selling of this product to our

       4      children, from the time they're born, and watching

       5      any advertisements on TV, they're being told that if

       6      you have any type of symptom, there's a

       7      pharmaceutical "magic pill" to solve your problem,

       8      and that's not the message we should be sending to

       9      our children.

      10             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Alan.

      11             ALAN SORENSEN:  Thank you.

      12             SENATOR BONACIC:  I just want to react a

      13      little bit.

      14             It's an excellent point, Alan.  I think it

      15      parallels what you said about the smoking industry

      16      and tobacco.

      17             I think it has to be done on a national

      18      level.  That's where the pressure has to come.

      19             And, you know, special interests that may pay

      20      money to try to block something like that in the

      21      Congress, but, it's something that has to get

      22      traction in every state, with messages sent to the

      23      Congressional delegation, to take that point up.

      24             It was a good point.

      25             Thank you, Alan.







                                                                   77
       1             MJ:  I have, next question, is Dr. Salsberg.

       2             His question is:  How can we expand treatment

       3      programs in Sullivan County?

       4             SENATOR BONACIC:  More money.

       5             MJ:  Do you want to expand?

       6             DR. SALSBERG:  Hi, I'm Dr. Salsberg.

       7             I have a conflict of interest.

       8             I'm the medical director of The Recovery --

       9             SENATOR BONACIC:  Can you speak louder,

      10      please.

      11             DR. SALSBERG:  I'm Dr. Salsberg.

      12             I have a conflict of interest.

      13             I'm the medical director of The Recovery

      14      Center, one of the treatment programs represented by

      15      Ms. Bolling.

      16             About a month or two ago, they actually

      17      stopped The Recovery Center from taking in patients.

      18             Now, The Recovery Center was the last

      19      treatment program in the county.

      20             The hospital doesn't have a program anymore.

      21             I've been doing this for 20 years here.

      22             And there's been three or four programs in

      23      the county that have just disappeared.

      24             So if we want to deal with a program, we need

      25      availability here to treat people.







                                                                   78
       1             So I think I'd like to you address that, if

       2      there's any funding, or something we can do for

       3      this?

       4             SENATOR BOYLE:  In the most recent budget, we

       5      did get another $1.8 million to go towards treatment

       6      and prevention.

       7             But tell me, did they give -- what's the

       8      reason?

       9             Was it just funding that they are shutting it

      10      down?

      11             DR. SALSBERG:  Well, they closed The Recovery

      12      Center for -- it's back open now.

      13             SENATOR BOYLE:  Oh, okay.

      14             DR. SALSBERG:  But there was a few, like,

      15      very bureaucrat things, and it put a great strain on

      16      our whole county, since this was the last treatment

      17      program we had.

      18             So instead of, like, talking about it, we

      19      need some action, we need some programs here.

      20             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you.

      21             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you.

      22             Okay, MJ, next one.

      23             MJ:  Thank you, sir.

      24             Okay, I have Carol Shepherd [ph.] asks:  What

      25      are the -- the county pays money for people to







                                                                   79
       1      receive treatment outside of the county.

       2             "Are there similar plans?"

       3             Is that your question?

       4             CAROL SHEPHERD [ph.]:  [Inaudible.]

       5             MJ:  Can you stand up?

       6             SENATOR BONACIC:  Let her come up.

       7             MJ:  Can you stand up?

       8             SENATOR BONACIC:  Let her come up and take

       9      the mic.  Go to the podium.

      10             Yeah, and let her come forward.

      11             CAROL SHEPHERD [ph.]:  I know, I've worked

      12      with clients who have a history of heroin addiction.

      13      And they're -- they've received methadone.  And the

      14      county pays a lot of money for these people to be

      15      transported down to Newburgh.

      16             With the increased problem of heroin

      17      addiction in the county, are there going to be any

      18      arrangements for them to receive treatment locally?

      19             And what are the local options for people,

      20      for heroin?

      21             I mean, you go to The Recovery Center for

      22      alcohol, but what about heroin?

      23             JOSEPH TODORO:  Well, Carol, at one point,

      24      there wasn't an overarching need to really work with

      25      opiate addictions, and it was felt that, regionally,







                                                                   80
       1      we could address the folks who were on methadone

       2      maintenance with that clinic in Newburgh.

       3             As we've seen the increased need for opiate

       4      treatment, you know, there are a number of

       5      physicians who prescribe Suboxone, which is

       6      different, but a similar kind of medication to be

       7      used with somebody who has an opiate addiction.

       8             I have yet to see somebody come, at least to

       9      the Department of Community Services, with a request

      10      to open a methadone clinic here.

      11             But, I would entertain a request.

      12             CAROL SHEPHERD [ph.]:  Are there any plans to

      13      expand the license at The Recovery Center to deal

      14      with folks that are addicted to heroin?

      15             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  We do provide

      16      Suboxone treatment for individuals, and we have

      17      two different programs.

      18             We have the 822, mild-to-moderate withdrawal,

      19      and we have a residential crisis unit, where

      20      Suboxone treatment is administered.

      21             And their residential program has been in

      22      existence since about 2007.  And the newer one

      23      opened in 2013.

      24             JOSEPH TODORO:  Yeah, and in our outpatient

      25      clinic, we now have some treatment groups that are







                                                                   81
       1      working with those people who are on Suboxone

       2      maintenance, or trying to come off of Suboxone.

       3             So, we've opened that up.

       4             We've actually let the prescribers know that

       5      that's a service that's available through our clinic

       6      at this point.

       7             So, yes, we're trying to address some of the

       8      local need.

       9             SENATOR BOYLE:  What's the average length of

      10      time your patients stay on Suboxone?

      11             JOSEPH TODORO:  Again, I think it depends

      12      upon the person.

      13             But, to detox somebody is usually a week.

      14      And some people are able to go that week, and then

      15      get into a treatment program and do just fine.

      16             The people who are unsuccessful, they may be

      17      taking a maintenance dosage of Suboxone for the rest

      18      of their life.

      19             Because one thing that we do know about this

      20      disease of addictions, is that it's chronic; and,

      21      so, you live with it.

      22             It's like diabetes; you learn to live with

      23      it, you learn to manage your recovery from that

      24      disease, from the day that you admit that you have

      25      that problem, to the day that you die.







                                                                   82
       1             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay, MJ?

       2             MJ:  Jennifer Brian [ph.], did you want to

       3      come up and ask your question?

       4             JENNIFER BRIAN pph:  Hi, my name is

       5      Jennifer Brian, and I work for the

       6      Mid-Hudson Prevention Resource Center.  We're

       7      located in Goshen, out of the Alcoholism and

       8      Drug-Abuse Council.

       9             And what I heard a lot today was about

      10      evidence-based programs in schools, and the

      11      prevention programs, and things like that, which are

      12      phenomenal and fantastic, and we definitely need

      13      them.

      14             But what I want to ask about is,

      15      community-based prevention, which is changing the

      16      norms; making it so, that way, the prescription

      17      drugs are not something that's considered safe for

      18      everybody.

      19             And, so, what kind of things can be done in

      20      order to support the community coalitions?  Which

      21      I know they have them in Sullivan County, because we

      22      work with them.

      23             So what can be done to help support them,

      24      both funding- and non-funding-wise, in terms of the

      25      government?







                                                                   83
       1             And, what kind of things can we, hopefully,

       2      see from you guys to help them make that

       3      community-based change, that we need to match the

       4      evidence-based programs that happens in the schools?

       5             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  Well, The Recovery

       6      Center is supportive of your statement, because

       7      environmental strategies are very important to

       8      making that change occur.

       9             And every time an RFP comes out, we have

      10      people in the back that are always writing for them.

      11             JOSEPH TODORO:  The other thing that I'm

      12      sure, that we would both invite our community to

      13      come out and participate in our planning and

      14      implementation of prevention programs in our

      15      community.

      16             We have attempted to do some community

      17      development around that.

      18             We had caught fire at one point in time, and

      19      had a countywide committee, and then we had a few

      20      smaller committees in different communities, but, it

      21      kind of petered out, as did some of the funding.

      22             But, you know, we would both invite the

      23      community to come out.

      24             If you're interested, if you want to

      25      participate, if -- you know, then come -- you know,







                                                                   84
       1      give Izetta a call, and we'll get you participating.

       2             JENNIFER BRIAN pph:  Thank you for those

       3      answers, but I also want to know, maybe from the

       4      Senators, what kind of things can we see from the

       5      federal government and our state government that

       6      will help to support these initiatives that are

       7      really necessary in order to make this change?

       8             SENATOR BOYLE:  Well, that's exactly one of

       9      the things we're looking for in these forums.

      10             As I say, we did put a few million dollars

      11      in, and we'll probably be putting more in, towards

      12      prevention and treatment; primarily, towards

      13      prevention, and to see which one are base.

      14             Of the 17 forums, we've heard some very good

      15      programs.  We've heard some not-so-good programs.

      16             So, we will have answers for you in a couple

      17      weeks on that.

      18             JENNIFER BRIAN pph:  Thank you.

      19             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you.

      20             MJ?

      21             MJ:  Speaker?  Come, sir.

      22             Dr. Thomas.

      23             DR. THOMAS:  Hi, good afternoon, everybody.

      24             SENATOR BONACIC:  Good afternoon, Doc.

      25             DR. THOMAS:  I'm not an expert, but I've been







                                                                   85
       1      prescribing Suboxone and dealing with addiction for

       2      the last 12 years.

       3             SENATOR BONACIC:  I don't think we can hear

       4      that you well, Doctor.  You've got to speak louder.

       5             DR. THOMAS:  I'm not an expert, but I've been

       6      a physician for almost 40 years, and the last

       7      12 years I've been dealing with addiction.

       8             And it's very -- probably the best

       9      satisfaction, as a physician, is when a parent comes

      10      to you and hugs you, and tells you, "Thank you for

      11      giving me back my son."

      12             I've been able to turn some lives in my life,

      13      and it's very sad when some -- [unintelligible]

      14      anybody over 40 years old -- below 40 years old,

      15      because I'm going to be 70 soon.  And, they come in

      16      with a good intention of getting rid of this

      17      disease.

      18             We write the prescription for the medication.

      19             We do what we call an "induction," so that we

      20      know how much Suboxone he needs.

      21             We know how much he needs, we write a

      22      prescription.

      23             The insurance company says "no."

      24             So I go to the pharmacy and I write a

      25      prescription for 120 Oxycontins, oxycodones, and







                                                                   86
       1      they immediately approve it.

       2             And I have here proof of it:

       3             The letters of denial;

       4             With the prescription for the oxycodone,

       5      signed by me, for 120 tablets;

       6             And the receipt from the pharmacy for the

       7      120 tablets of oxycodone.

       8             So, I think that New York State is giving

       9      money to drug dealers, because these are drug

      10      dealers, these insurance companies.

      11                  [Applause.]

      12             DR. THOMAS:  These insurance companies have

      13      been contracted to run Medicaid in this state, and

      14      this is a shame.

      15             And this is at least one every week.  Every

      16      single week.

      17             Yesterday I had another one.  One week

      18      waiting for the approval.  Still, they didn't have

      19      it.

      20             I called them and I said:  Let me speak with

      21      the medical director.  Who's your medical director?

      22             No name, no telephone number.

      23             I even left them my cell phone number,

      24      because the medical director was going to call me.

      25             So before they closed the pharmacy, I went to







                                                                   87
       1      the pharmacy, I called them again.

       2             "Oh, still it's not approved."

       3             So I wrote a prescription for 120 Percocets.

       4             Immediately approved.

       5             So I call them back and I say, "You don't

       6      want to give the medication?  You already gave the

       7      120 Percocets just a while ago."

       8             In 10 minutes they called me, "The medication

       9      has been approved," because I told them, "This is

      10      going to be in the newspapers tomorrow morning."

      11             So, I think New York State has to do

      12      something with all these insurance companies,

      13      because we're trying to solve a problem, and they

      14      are creating the problem.

      15             That's one of the things that I wanted to

      16      say.

      17             The other thing, I got some of the questions

      18      and things that they say here.

      19             Opiate addiction is a chronic disease, and

      20      it's categorized as a "chronic disease."

      21             Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease.

      22             Hypertension is a chronic disease.

      23             We have some physicians here.  Which of you

      24      take the insulin off a diabetic because it's

      25      expensive?







                                                                   88
       1             It's a crime.

       2             They are doing this with our patients, with

       3      our [unintelligible] patients.

       4             And in my practice, my experience, they come

       5      in dirty, not shaved, nothing.  Arrogance.

       6             And the next day, they are a completely

       7      different person.

       8             And I'm very, very proud of all of them.

       9             We also have another problem that we are

      10      going to talk about here, at least what we calling

      11      in medicine, "endorphin deficiency syndrome."

      12             I believe that everybody remembers from

      13      high school what word "endorphins."

      14             It's a substance that we have in our brains

      15      that make us happy.

      16             Okay?

      17             The word "endorphins" is a compound word.

      18             "Endo," that means built by our own body.

      19      And we are left with morphine.

      20             So we have, our body produces morphine.

      21             So some kids are never happy.  If you have

      22      low endorphin, you're never happy.

      23             And these kids have been diagnosed of

      24      depression.  They go to the psychiatrist, and they

      25      give them one medication.







                                                                   89
       1             No results.

       2             Add -- increase the dosage.

       3             No results.

       4             Give another medication.  No results.

       5             Because they're not treating the problem that

       6      the kid has.

       7             And usually this kid is in his house, his

       8      mother is always telling him, "Pick up your room."

       9             He never picks it.

      10             The father tells him, "Mow the lawn."

      11             He doesn't mow it.

      12             He goes to the dentist, he gets some Vicodin

      13      or some kind of with codeine.

      14             The mother tells him, "Pick up your room,"

      15      and in 5 minutes, the room is picked up, because he

      16      had a morphine substance a little bit more in his

      17      brain now.  Now he is functioning normal.

      18             Then when we sit at the table at night with

      19      him, we as parents tell him:  Why can't you be like

      20      this?  You see how nice it was today?  I just asked

      21      you and you did it right away.  Why can't you be

      22      like this?

      23             And then this kid says:  Wow, when I take

      24      this pill, I get along better with my dad and my

      25      mom.  I get along better with my teacher in school.







                                                                   90
       1      I perform better.

       2             And it's true, he's doing everything better.

       3             So he needs a boost on his endorphin.

       4             So Suboxone is going to give him that boost

       5      because he needs morphine-like substance.

       6             But then we have, what are we going give him?

       7             Heroin?  Morphine?  Oxycodone?

       8             What are we going to give him?

       9             We have to give him the safest one.  That's

      10      the only alternative we have now.

      11             It's the only alternative we have, or he's

      12      going to live, like, depressed all his life.

      13             It's the same thing as if, you don't produce

      14      insulin, you're diabetic.  And you need some

      15      insulin.

      16             So if you don't have endorphin, you need to

      17      have some endorphin.

      18             That's why this is a disease, and that's the

      19      way to treat it.

      20             I'm talking about Suboxone and the insurance

      21      companies.

      22             They are forcing us to lower the dosage on

      23      the patients and to get them off the Suboxone.

      24             We have to make prior authorizations for the

      25      Suboxone.  And on the prior authorizations, I have







                                                                   91
       1      to write when I'm going to lower his dosage, and

       2      when I'm going to get him off the medication, like

       3      if you're telling me, "Your diabetic patient, when

       4      are you going to lower the insulin, and when are you

       5      going to get right of -- get him off the insulin?"

       6             It's the same thing.

       7             SENATOR BOYLE:  Doctor, could I just ask you,

       8      your license, you started with 30 Suboxone patients,

       9      and then you can go to 100 after a year?  Is that

      10      correct?

      11             DR. THOMAS:  Yes, sir.

      12             SENATOR BOYLE:  You're at 100 now?

      13             DR. THOMAS:  Not yet.

      14             SENATOR BOYLE:  Not yet.  Okay, okay.

      15             DR. THOMAS:  I'm very choosy.

      16             They come to play games, they don't fit in my

      17      practice.

      18             SENATOR BOYLE:  Okay.

      19             Well, thank you very much.

      20             SENATOR BONACIC:  Doctor, we're not here to

      21      cut you short, but we have others that we have to

      22      get through.

      23             So if you could conclude, we would appreciate

      24      it.

      25             DR. THOMAS:  Okay, so, I just want to make







                                                                   92
       1      sure that everybody understands that this is a

       2      disease, and that the insurance companies are not

       3      helping us.

       4             They want these kids in the narcotics,

       5      because Suboxone is $8 a dose, and the oxycodone is

       6      5 cents a dose.  And we cannot [unintelligible]

       7      economics against health.

       8             Okay?

       9             Health is first.

      10             Thank you.

      11             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Doctor.

      12                  [Applause.]

      13             IZETTA BRIGGS-BOLLING:  I just quickly wanted

      14      to say that Suboxone used to be -- you could get it,

      15      across the board, with Medicaid.

      16             Now Medicaid clients are all required to be

      17      in an HMO.  And different HMOs, it will take much

      18      longer for clients that are in need of Suboxone to

      19      get it.  And sometimes it can take up to a week,

      20      which is what he was saying.

      21             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay, MJ?

      22             MJ:  I have a comment here from

      23      Dr. Roux [ph.], and I'll just start it briefly.

      24             We do have an event coming up in a little

      25      while, so we'll ask any comments to be as condensed







                                                                   93
       1      as they can.

       2             "With the gravity and the extent of the

       3      epidemic, what are your thoughts on in-service

       4      trainings for judges and other legal professionals?"

       5             Is that the general consense [ph.] of the

       6      question?

       7             MR. ROUX [ph.]:  [Not using a microphone.]

       8             I'll keep it short.

       9             First, I just wanted to say I'm a doctor, and

      10      I don't want to pretend to be.

      11             MJ:  I'm sorry.

      12             MR. ROUX [ph.]:  That's okay.

      13             I'm a licensed mental-health counselor, and a

      14      credentialed alcoholism- and substance-abuse

      15      counselor, in private practice in Monticello.

      16             The only other partner I have in the practice

      17      is my wife, Carmen Roux [ph.], who's the office

      18      manager.

      19             We have a very busy day, though, all day

      20      long.  There is no shortage of people who are

      21      seeking treatment.

      22             I want to thank the Senators and the State of

      23      New York for their interest in the panel

      24      discussions, and all the panelists.

      25             I heard very little disagreement from among







                                                                   94
       1      the panelists on hardly any point, which I think is

       2      notable.

       3             What I wanted to point out, though, to

       4      emphasize, to accentuate, is the access-to-treatment

       5      issue.

       6             The last speaker spoke at length about the

       7      access to Suboxone.

       8             And, Joe Todora, I really appreciated what

       9      you pointed out, that some people need a detox

      10      protocol to get off of heroin.

      11             Suboxone works wonderfully for that.

      12             Some people need to stay on it for years or

      13      for life.

      14             And it's approved by the FDA for maintenance.

      15             If it's prescribed by a medical doctor,

      16      there's nothing wrong with that.

      17             It's a health-care decision, and it should be

      18      left between the medical doctor and the patient.

      19             And that's a point that was raised in my

      20      question, is that I get concerned sometimes, when

      21      I see the criminal justice system expressing

      22      reservations about the medical care that people are

      23      receiving from their doctors who prescribe, for

      24      example, Suboxone.  Maybe methadone, as well.

      25             I see people who are on probation, people who







                                                                   95
       1      are on parole, who are told they have to get off of

       2      that.  Or when they're sentenced, are told that they

       3      must stop taking their Suboxone because that would

       4      be a violation of the terms of their sentence.

       5             I think that needs some -- a careful look.

       6             And I would respectfully suggest that

       7      consideration be given to training judges and

       8      law enforcement, in terms of the people who

       9      supervise the officers of the court who supervise

      10      people under the direction of the judges.

      11             Biopsychosocial treatment, counseling, is

      12      limited in some ways.

      13             And I think this is a law that could be

      14      addressed.  I think it would come under the

      15      social-service law.

      16             If someone has SSI or SSD, their managed-care

      17      Medicaid does not cover any sort of substance-abuse

      18      treatment.

      19             It reverts to straight Medicaid.  It's called

      20      a "carved-out benefit."

      21             What that means is, that the most disabled

      22      people, the people who are most in need of help,

      23      because of their mental-health condition or their

      24      concurrent physical disabilities that have qualified

      25      them for SSI or SSD, have the hardest time finding







                                                                   96
       1      providers who can give them treatment.

       2             I cannot be reimbursed by Hudson Health or

       3      Fidelis if a person has SSI or SSD.  And I know that

       4      it's not just me in my licensed capacity.

       5             It really makes it much more difficult

       6      because of that carved-out provision.

       7             I would like to see that eliminated.  I would

       8      like to see the disease of addiction treated like --

       9      treated by managed-care Medicaid treated like any

      10      other disease.

      11             Getting approval for levels care is also a

      12      big issue that's been mentioned -- a big problem

      13      that's been mentioned here.

      14             We need to have what's called "failed

      15      attempts at outpatient."

      16             Multiple failed attempts at outpatient

      17      treatment for heroin addiction can be fatal.

      18             And, also, I wanted to emphasize, I think the

      19      point that's been made, is that there's too much of

      20      a sharp line drawn between mental health and

      21      substance-abuse treatment.

      22             There's -- and when you look -- when I see a

      23      person, I see a person; I see a human being; I see a

      24      whole package.

      25             I don't see half of you is an addict and half







                                                                   97
       1      of you is bipolar, and today I'm going to treat the

       2      bipolar half, and come back next week and we'll talk

       3      about heroin.

       4             It needs to be treated together.

       5             And I'm not suggesting that OMH and OASAS

       6      should be merged.

       7             I retired from OASAS in October, and I've

       8      been full-time in the private -- Office of

       9      Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Services.  I've been

      10      in private practice full-time since then.

      11             But I do think that the two agencies need to

      12      blur their boundaries a bit.  And, respectfully, the

      13      local clinics, work more hand in hand.

      14             We need to treat people as people, and not as

      15      diagnoses.

      16             Thank you.

      17             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you very much.

      18             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you very much.

      19                  [Applause.]

      20             MJ:  I have our next comment from

      21      Deborah Fuchs Nadu [ph.].

      22             Is Deborah here?

      23             I'll ask if you can keep them, if you can, as

      24      brief as possible.

      25             DEBORAH FUCHS NADU [ph.]:  It's very hard for







                                                                   98
       1      me, but I'll try.

       2             Hi, thanks.

       3             Thanks for being here today, and I want to

       4      thank everybody for what they've presented.

       5             I have a lot of colleagues on this panel, and

       6      people, that we have worked on this for the last

       7      25 to 30 years, so I'm having some what have a

       8      deja vu moment.

       9             I'm thinking back, and, Joe, you will

      10      remember this, and I don't know who else was here

      11      with us:

      12             We sat in this room, maybe not with the

      13      Senators, but with Steve Lungen [ph.],

      14      Frank La Budda [ph.], and a lot of old names, and

      15      had drug task-force committees -- in 1985?

      16             JOSEPH TODORO:  Yeah, I'd say.

      17             DEBORAH FUCHS NADU [ph.]:  Yeah.

      18             -- addressing some of the same issues.

      19             The drug of choice this week might be

      20      different, but we have addressed the same issues.

      21             We had a very, very strong prevention

      22      presence in this county.  And I can speak to that

      23      because I was that presence.

      24             I was, in my previous life, before I became

      25      the clinical director of BOCES, I was the director







                                                                   99
       1      of prevention services, and worked with all the

       2      community agencies that worked really hard on a

       3      shoestring, and with all the school districts, to

       4      provide prevention programming.

       5             So I've heard lots of great things today, but

       6      it's the same old story for me.  I've heard the same

       7      things over and over again.

       8             We were minimally funded in this county back

       9      in 1985.

      10             We started on a $30,000 grant to provide

      11      services to all the schools and work with the

      12      community.

      13             10, 15 years later, it was 45,000, Joe?

      14      46,000?  And then it was pulled away.

      15             "It was pulled away."

      16             We talk about what works in prevention?

      17      We've known that for years.

      18             I've been a prevention researcher for the

      19      last 25 years.

      20             And they -- all you have to go is to the

      21      federal websites and you will see what works in

      22      prevention.

      23             We can Google those things.

      24             Same kinds of things that work in drug

      25      prevention, by the way, work for violence







                                                                   100
       1      prevention, work for bullying prevention, work

       2      for -- prevention is prevention.

       3             Somebody coined it with "life skills"

       4      earlier?

       5             That's what we're teaching: people to be

       6      people.

       7             Yes, we're torn between what happens,

       8      Common Core in education, time constraints for what

       9      comes first, but we miss -- we've missed many

      10      opportunities.

      11             And I'm trying to rush, but I have a couple

      12      more points.  Sorry.

      13             So we do know what works.  We've been looking

      14      at that for years.  We've been promoting that for

      15      years.

      16             We do know -- not to disrespect anybody in

      17      what they're doing -- crash-cars do not work.

      18             Those of us that read the research know that.

      19             It's a nice addition to things, but they do

      20      not work.

      21             There are comprehensive programs and

      22      strategies.

      23             It's a science, folks.

      24             We've been out there and we've been doing

      25      this work.







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       1             I just want to address a couple of things.

       2             In the 1970s and 1980s --

       3             You can chop me off in a second.

       4             In the 1970s and 1980s, you could get a bag

       5      of heroin for $10.

       6             It's an old story.  It's nothing new.

       7             You take away one thing.

       8             We had methadone.

       9             We're talking about Suboxone?

      10             How long has methadone been around?

      11             JOSEPH TODORO:  Oh, how long's heroin been

      12      around?

      13             DEBORAH FUCHS NADU [ph.]:  Yeah, okay.

      14             So, thank you.

      15             So it's there.

      16             It's, what are we going to do about it?

      17             The answers are out there.

      18             And this community, this county, had worked

      19      very, very hard with The Recovery Center, with

      20      New Hope, with the schools, with law enforcement,

      21      with Public Health, with community services.

      22             We have had many different prevention task

      23      forces.

      24             Now we need the fiscal support to have that

      25      happen again for us.







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       1             Thank you.

       2             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you.

       3                  [Applause.]

       4             MJ:  I have Eric Alleva [ph.], who said he

       5      had a lot to say, but I have asked him to keep it to

       6      the fine points.

       7             Okay, sir?

       8             ERIC ALLEVA [ph.]:  My name's Eric Alleva.

       9             I've been a drug addict for 53 years.

      10             I'm 65 years old.

      11             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  Hold it up.  We can't hear

      12      you.

      13             ERIC ALLEVA [ph.]:  I've been a drug addict

      14      for 53 years.

      15             I'm 65 years old.

      16             Back in, I don't know, my chronologic clock

      17      is broke, so back, I guess it was in '70s, the State

      18      Police, the Sheriff's Department, and myself were

      19      successful in arresting 23 -- we got arrested and

      20      convicted 23 drug dealers.

      21             I can stand here with an open face and tell

      22      you that because, hopefully, nobody in this room is

      23      going to recognize me, since that was in the '70s.

      24             Why can't, from the beginning, there's the

      25      arrest.  Whether it's in the Sheriff's Department's







                                                                   103
       1      car or in the State Police car, it's an arrest on a

       2      drug dealer.

       3             Why can't that picture be posted in Fallsburg

       4      on their screen?  In Monticello on their screen?

       5             Why can't that picture be printed out and

       6      that police officer take that picture home?

       7             He may know that person, whether that person

       8      be a male or a female, and say, Wow, I recognize

       9      that person.  That person was just arrested in drugs

      10      this afternoon.

      11             That may be a help.  That may be a key to

      12      opening the door, to finding out where that person

      13      got the drugs and stop that.

      14             It's very easy.

      15             You go to High Street, the same street that,

      16      in the '70s, is still selling drugs today.

      17             The same street.

      18             And it's now, it's not called "Moon Manor,"

      19      but the same place.  Moon Manor, is the same -- not

      20      the same apartment, but the same place is still

      21      selling drugs today.

      22             And you want to know why the insurance

      23      companies won't pay?

      24             It's because the amount of -- they ratio to

      25      how many failures and successes.







                                                                   104
       1             Here's the insurance company willing to put

       2      out money, but how many failures do you have?

       3             You see, when I was in recovery, when I was

       4      in the Veritas Villa, two men are walking down the

       5      street and these church bells go off, and the bells

       6      ringing, ringing, and ringing, and the other guy

       7      says:  Listen, I didn't hear what you were saying.

       8      I was listening to those bells, those stupid bells.

       9             And the guy said, What stupid bells?  I was

      10      listening to the music.  It was beautiful music.

      11             See, one guy heard the music; the other guy

      12      heard the noise.

      13             The police officers themselves can determine,

      14      they can see the difference, between the guy's who's

      15      got an attitude, who doesn't want help, who just

      16      wants to -- who just needs -- thank God, there's a

      17      jail for him; and the people that need help, because

      18      there are people.

      19             And if you can be more selective in picking

      20      the people that really need the help, and put those

      21      people in a program, then maybe the insurance

      22      companies will say, Wow, look at the amount of

      23      success we've got in the programs.

      24             And whether you're a good parent or a bad

      25      parent, you can't take responsibility for having a







                                                                   105
       1      good kid.

       2             I've got five good kids, and I was never a

       3      good parent.

       4             And you can be a lousy parent and have great

       5      kids.

       6             And you can be greatest parent and have

       7      miserable kids.

       8             It's, just, that's the way God made us.

       9             SENATOR BONACIC:  Okay.  I want to thank you

      10      for your comments.

      11             We have three more speakers.

      12             We're going to ask that they limit their

      13      remarks to two minutes.

      14             We have to be out of here by four.

      15             Our panelists have obligations, and so do we.

      16      And there's going to be a County State of the State,

      17      I understand, here after we leave.

      18             So, MJ, you have the next speaker?

      19             Okay, yes.

      20             Go ahead, tell us your name.

      21             CAROL RYAN:  Hi.

      22             Is this working?

      23             Yes.

      24             My name is Carol Ryan.  I'm the past

      25      public-health director before Nancy McGraw.







                                                                   106
       1      I just retired in July.

       2             So, we're very instrumental in starting the

       3      Prescription Drug-Abuse Task Force in this county.

       4             And I'm also personally affected by a family

       5      member that's been impacted by mental-health and

       6      substance-abuse issues.

       7             So I see this from two perspectives.

       8             I just have a couple of suggestions.  I'm not

       9      going to be long-winded.

      10             But in thinking about this, I think the

      11      I-STOP law was a great start, but it did have

      12      unintended consequences.

      13             One thing, it's driving people to heroin, as

      14      you heard.

      15             And I think that there were some things that

      16      need to be set in place, along with the I-STOP law,

      17      that you might want to consider.

      18             Maybe some of these exist and I just don't

      19      know it.

      20             I think that when people get turned away, at

      21      that moment, from getting a prescription, there's a

      22      big lack in what happens then, and there needs to be

      23      some kind of support system set up.

      24             I mean, there should be, maybe -- you know

      25      how we have the I-Quit line for smoking?  "New York







                                                                   107
       1      Quits?" -- we should have a line like that for

       2      addicts.

       3             We should have a 24-hour hotline, I think,

       4      for addicts; but not just for addicts, for

       5      counseling.

       6             It should be three-prong.

       7             I would suggest that, one, it be for the

       8      addicts, and you should have trained mental-health

       9      and addiction-treatment personnel on it, not

      10      operators.

      11             Okay?

      12             Also, it can serve the pharmacists who are

      13      dealing with some of these people.

      14             And they're also dealing -- you haven't heard

      15      from anybody, this huge amount of increased

      16      robberies and violent crimes against -- in

      17      pharmacies.

      18             So, to help the pharmacists know how to deal

      19      with addicts who show up, and it's something they

      20      have no idea what to do with.

      21             And, also, to help to be a consultation for

      22      physicians.

      23             I also think that hotline, the person serving

      24      on it, the people should have access to an

      25      up-to-date database of available treatment beds







                                                                   108
       1      right now, so that -- because, right now, what

       2      I think happens, unless it's changed, is they're

       3      calling around, maybe from the emergency room, or

       4      wherever, place after place after place, trying to

       5      find a bed.

       6             There's -- I don't think there's any

       7      available, uhm -- a consolidated database where you

       8      can just call and say, I've got somebody here.

       9             The doctor can call.  He looks on I-STOP.  He

      10      can't prescribe this kid Percodan [sic], or this

      11      adult.

      12             The person, they break down, they say, "Okay,

      13      I'm an addict.  I need help.  What do I do now?"

      14      what does that doctor do?

      15             There is nothing.

      16             So if they could pick up the phone and say,

      17      Where's a bed?

      18             Pick up, call this hotline, say, "Where's a

      19      bed right now?  I have somebody who needs help."

      20             That does not exist.

      21             Okay?

      22             So I suggest that there be something like

      23      that.

      24             I also suggest required training in addiction

      25      recognition and screening for all physicians, nurse







                                                                   109
       1      practitioners, and physician assistants, maybe in

       2      conjunction with renewing their licenses; just like

       3      we have now child-abuse training that's required.

       4             This should be required, so you can stop this

       5      problem at the beginning where it often starts,

       6      which is when writing the prescription.

       7             And then, not just in recognizing addiction,

       8      but training, and what kind of interventions that

       9      they can suggest for these patients who show up and

      10      need help, because these people are sick.

      11             They're not criminals.

      12             They become criminals when they are desperate

      13      and they have to find ways to get drugs.

      14             And two more things, that's all.

      15             More affordable substance-abuse treatment

      16      facilities.

      17             If you put money into that, you're going to

      18      lower prison costs.

      19             People go to prison because they commit

      20      crimes, because they need drugs.

      21             And the last thing is:  Please, please, do

      22      something to require insurance companies to cover

      23      immediate inpatient admission, rather than requiring

      24      a failed trial as an outpatient first, which is

      25      dangerous and unrealistic.







                                                                   110
       1                  [Applause.]

       2             SENATOR BONACIC:  I want to thank you very

       3      much.

       4             They were very excellent suggestions.

       5             Thank you.

       6             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Off video.]  There is an

       7      OASAS helpline that operates 24/7, that maybe is a

       8      resource people should know about.

       9             I'm sorry I don't have the number, but they

      10      would have access into where beds are available.

      11             MJ:  Okay, next?

      12             KITTY VETTER:  Kitty Vetter.

      13             I am a nurse by career, an R.N., and I dealt

      14      with health issues like this for a long time.

      15             And I'm presently one of the County

      16      legislators.

      17             I would strongly support what Alan is

      18      suggesting as far as prevention.

      19             Prevention is the main modality in any kind

      20      of nursing intervention.

      21             So I would suggest to you, as the legislators

      22      of our state, to move forward to stop the present

      23      form of pharmaceuticals that are out there in the

      24      media, that are out there on the TV.

      25             We stopped Joe Camel many years ago.







                                                                   111
       1             We can stop this now, and I think that's the

       2      main way to go.

       3             Endomorphins are a reality.

       4             The other thing is encouraging kids to

       5      exercise.

       6             I don't mean doing jumping jacks.

       7             Anybody who did anything with a runner's

       8      high, which is kicking in your own Endomorphins,

       9      kids are not being physically active so they are

      10      being depressed, because they don't have the

      11      physical activity.  And many of the schools are

      12      slowing down on that.

      13             So physical activity for the children, and

      14      stopping the commercials on the TV.

      15             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Kitty.

      16                  [Applause.]

      17             KITTY VETTER:  You're welcome.

      18             SENATOR BONACIC:  The last speaker is who,

      19      MJ?

      20             MJ:  We have time for one more?

      21             Laurie Rotolo [ph.].

      22             Is Laurie here?

      23             LAURIE ROTOLO [ph.]:  Thank you.

      24             Hi, my name is Laurie Rotolo.

      25             I work with Ulster Prevention Council in







                                                                   112
       1      Ulster County.

       2             I also am a part of the prescription-drug

       3      task force.

       4             And we are working really strongly with the

       5      medical community on prescribing practices.

       6             One of our -- one of our physicians in

       7      Ulster County is starting a prescription for

       8      wellness, which is something that they're trying to

       9      institute in their clinics as an alternative to --

      10      as an alternative to prescription -- for

      11      painkillers, to -- just to piggyback on what the

      12      person before me just said, to encourage more

      13      proactive, health-oriented exercise and alternative

      14      medicines.

      15             And so my other question is:  What can we do

      16      to support alternative insurance coverage for

      17      alternative treatment for people with addictions and

      18      other problems as an alternative to the medication?

      19             And, also, to also say about the prescription

      20      drugs that the pharmaceutical companies, I agree

      21      with everything that was said about the

      22      pharmaceutical companies.

      23             In Ulster County, we did get a $6,000 check

      24      from a pharmaceutical company, in terms -- so that

      25      we could purchase more medication drop-boxes.







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       1             And, so, we're recommending that everyone

       2      reach out to your pharmaceutical companies and ask

       3      them to help clean up the mess by making sure that

       4      these medication boxes are installed all over the

       5      sheriffs and police stations and -- in all the

       6      counties.

       7             That basically was it.

       8             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you very much.

       9             I think we're going to conclude this forum.

      10             Do you have another person that would like to

      11      say something?

      12             MJ:  Can we fit one in, Senator?

      13             SENATOR BONACIC:  Yeah, sure.  Go ahead.

      14             Come up on.

      15             MJ:  Priscilla, come on up.

      16             Thank you, Priscilla.

      17             PRISCILLA BASSETT:  Priscilla Bassett from

      18      the Sullivan County SLAC, which is the

      19      Senior Legislative Action Committee.

      20             I was up in Albany on Tuesday and I picked up

      21      the "Legislative Gazette."

      22             The headline on the second page, and the

      23      whole page, said, "Senate Dems Unveil Bill Package

      24      To Fight Heroin Epidemic."

      25             There was also reference to something in the







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       1      Senate, a single bill that was mentioned.

       2             I just want to urge the Legislature to set

       3      aside these problems of cooperation between the

       4      Senate and the Assembly, between the Democrats and

       5      the --

       6             Oh, I don't know what that other Democratic

       7      group is called.

       8                  [Laughter.]

       9             PRISCILLA BASSETT:  I don't mean to make a

      10      joke.

      11             -- between the Democrats and the Republicans.

      12             These laws -- these proposed laws,

      13      legislations, are vital to moving ahead.

      14             And I hope that you can all work together in

      15      the spirit that we're all here today, to do

      16      something as quickly and as sensibly as possible.

      17             Good debate, yes.

      18             But action, too.

      19             SENATOR BONACIC:  Thank you, Priscilla.

      20                  [Applause.]

      21             SENATOR BOYLE:  Without a doubt, this is a

      22      non-partisan issue.

      23             We're here to save lives.

      24             And I don't think you were forgetting the

      25      Republicans.







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       1             It was the IDC, the Independent Democratic

       2      Conference, which is the other group.

       3             But we have members of that on our -- of the

       4      IDC on our task force.

       5             And I read the proposals by the Senate --

       6      regular Senate Democrats, and they got very good

       7      ideas, and we're definitely going to incorporate

       8      whatever we can.

       9             We're going to work together on it.

      10             SENATOR BONACIC:  Do you want to close?

      11             SENATOR BOYLE:  I'd like to thank, certainly,

      12      Senator Bonacic for hosting this great forum.

      13             We got wonderful ideas.

      14             Our panelists, thank you so much for all your

      15      unsights.

      16             And for the audience members who

      17      participated, and those who came to listen and

      18      learn, I appreciate it very much.

      19             Realize that this is not the end.

      20             If you come up sometime tonight and you say,

      21      "Oh, I forgot to say something," contact my office.

      22             It's, "Senator Boyle," just Google it.  And

      23      we've got staff people working on this till -- for

      24      the next couple weeks, and thereafter, as well.

      25             And I would like just to mention, in closing,







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       1      that we do realize, and one of the things I really

       2      want to get out of these 17 forums, is the stigma

       3      involved.

       4             We have so many people that are ashamed about

       5      talking about family members that are addicted or

       6      themselves being addicted, and we still heard such

       7      courageous stories here today.

       8             It's not a shame.

       9             We're going to get rid of the stigma.

      10             This is a perfect start, and to learn that,

      11      when someone walks up to you and they say, "Oh, my

      12      child has cancer," the reaction you'll have, we want

      13      to have it so, when you walk up and say, My child is

      14      a drug addict, or heroin addict, you're going to

      15      have that same exact reaction.

      16             And we're going to work together to end this

      17      heroin epidemic.

      18             Thank you so much for allowing me to be here.

      19                  [Applause.]

      20             SENATOR BONACIC:  Again, to everyone that's

      21      here -- our panelists, our audience -- government

      22      does not have a magic cure for the problems that

      23      we're facing with heroin.

      24             One of the things that I thought was very

      25      helpful, is that the flavor of the drug may change







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       1      from one decade to the other, and that point was

       2      made over and over again.

       3             We need everyone involved: government,

       4      community, the experts, law enforcement.

       5             We must cure this epidemic as best we can.

       6             And as Senator Boyle said, everybody in

       7      Albany, both sides of the aisle -- three sides of

       8      the aisle, want to attack this problem, because it

       9      pervades every area of our society, regardless of

      10      our race, regardless of our economic strata.

      11             So thank you for coming, and you will keep

      12      your eye on this.

      13             We're going to work very hard to get this

      14      done before the end of session, and that's the third

      15      week in June.

      16             Thank you all for coming.

      17                  [Applause.]

      18                  (Whereupon, at approximately 3:56 p.m.,

      19        the forum held before the New York State Joint

      20        Task Force on Heroin and Opioid Addiction

      21        concluded, and adjourned.)

      22

      23                            ---oOo---

      24

      25