Public Hearing - May 30, 2018

    


       1      JOINT HEARING BEFORE THE NEW YORK STATE SENATE
              STANDING COMMITTEE ON LABOR
       2      AND
              STANDING COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
       3     -----------------------------------------------------

       4                        PUBLIC HEARING:

       5       TO EXAMINE THE MINORITY AND WOMEN-OWNED BUSINESS
                  ENTERPRISES PROGRAM, AND CONSIDER POTENTIAL
       6            LEGISLATIVE SOLUTIONS TO CREATE A MORE
                  EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT PROGRAM TO ENHANCE
       7                  NEW YORK'S BUSINESS CLIMATE

       8     -----------------------------------------------------

       9                       Van Buren Hearing Room A
                               Legislative Office Building, 2nd Floor
      10                       Albany, New York

      11                       May 30, 2018, at 9:00 a.m.

      12
              PRESIDING:
      13
                Senator Frederick J. Akshar II (Sponsor)
      14        Chairman
                NYS Senate Standing Committee on Labor
      15
                Senator Phil Boyle
      16        Chairman
                NYS Senate Standing Committee on Economic Development
      17
                Senator Patty Ritchie, Sponsor
      18
              CO-SPONSORS PRESENT:
      19
                Senator George A. Amadore, Jr.
      20        Senator Pamela Helming
                Senator Timothy Kennedy
      21        Senator Betty Little
                Senator Terrence Murphy
      22        Senator Elaine Phillips
                Senator Susan J. Serino
      23

      24      ALSO PRESENT:

      25        Senator James Sanders, Jr.







                                                                   2
       1
              SPEAKERS:                               PAGE  QUESTIONS
       2
              Mike Elmendorf                             9       25
       3      President and Chief Executive Officer
              Associated General Contractors
       4
              Renee Sacks                               90      114
       5      Executive Director
              Sandra Wilkin
       6      Board Member
              Women Builders Council
       7
              John T. Evers                            143      152
       8      Director of Governmental Affairs
              The Business Council
       9
              Denise Richardson                        159      168
      10      Executive Director
              General Contractor Association
      11
              Seth Bryant                              173      186
      12      Managing Partner
              Bryant Rabbino, LLP
      13
              Greg Biryla                              193
      14      Executive Director
              Unshackle Upstate
      15
              Phil Reed                                204      216
      16      Executive Director
              Robert Porter
      17      Board Member
              Northern New York Builders Exchange
      18
              Amy Criss                                221      251
      19      Director, Women-Business Enterprise
                and Supply Diversity
      20      84 Lumber Company

      21      Louis Coletti                            221      251
              President
      22      Building Trades Employers Association
                of New York City
      23
              Brian Sampson                            221      251
      24      President
              Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc.
      25







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              SPEAKERS:                               PAGE  QUESTIONS
       2
              Dominic Cassanelli                       255      265
       3      Vice President
              Local Teamsters 456
       4
              Campbell Wallace                         255      265
       5      Director of Government Affairs
              American Council of
       6        Engineering Companies (ACEC)

       7

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       9

      10

      11

      12

      13

      14

      15

      16

      17

      18

      19

      20

      21

      22

      23

      24

      25







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       1             SENATOR RITCHIE:  I want to thank everyone

       2      for coming out today and taking their time to come

       3      and testify.

       4             The MWBE program I think is a program that

       5      many of us believe is a program that has merit.

       6             So I, for one, am looking forward to hearing

       7      from those testifying that have had success with the

       8      MWBE program.

       9             In my district, we've had some challenges

      10      because we have only 10 percent qualifying

      11      businesses.  Though we have hosted workshops in the

      12      district, we still do not have the number of

      13      qualified businesses, and that's causing a real

      14      issue.

      15             So I'm hoping today that I'll hear from those

      16      that maybe are struggling a little bit with the

      17      program on ways that we can make it better, and also

      18      hearing from people who are having success, and

      19      maybe sharing that across other areas of the state.

      20             With that, you know, I would just like to

      21      say, once again, thank you for coming to testify.

      22             I am a little disappointed, though, given the

      23      merits of this program, that we don't have anyone

      24      from the second floor here.

      25             That is something that I was hoping to hear







                                                                   5
       1      from so that we could actually build on the

       2      successes in the program and continue to strengthen

       3      it.

       4             So with that, I just want to thank my

       5      colleagues for being here, and I'll turn it over to

       6      Senator Akshar.

       7             SENATOR AKSHAR:  So I too want to thank

       8      everybody for being here this morning.

       9             We're joined, of course, by our colleagues

      10      Senator Kennedy, Senator Phillips, Senator Helming,

      11      and we've been joined by Senator Little.

      12             We'll be joined by others too who are serving

      13      on this Task Force.

      14             And I think it's important to note that

      15      you'll see on the dais that this is a bipartisan

      16      dais, and I want everybody to pay attention to that

      17      because, clearly, we have invited many people to be

      18      here today.

      19             Some people took us up on our offer to come

      20      and provide testimony.

      21             My hope, of course, is that, through time,

      22      people will recognize -- maybe people who have a bit

      23      of an apprehension about coming and talking about

      24      this program, that they'll realize that we are

      25      serious, collectively, about finding solutions to







                                                                   6
       1      this program.

       2             I, for one, agree with Senator Ritchie.

       3      I think it's a -- the program is good on its merits.

       4             I think it has some flaws and we need to --

       5      we need to find a way to fix it, collectively.

       6             So, I'm pleased to be here.  I'm looking

       7      forward to the testimony that we hear today.

       8             And with that, I think I'll ask just our

       9      colleagues to offer some brief remarks to start, and

      10      then we'll get right into the testimony.

      11             Senator Kennedy.

      12             SENATOR KENNEDY:  Thank you, Chairman.

      13             I want to thank all the witnesses that are

      14      here today that have come to testify on the future

      15      of Article 15-A and the MWBE program here in

      16      New York.

      17             This year, as we all know, the Legislature

      18      extended the program for one year, which gives us

      19      time to discuss the future and what adjustments need

      20      to be made for it.  And I think it's important that

      21      we hear from all sides of this issue.

      22             Obviously, I don't only believe that it's a

      23      worthwhile program, but I believe it's a necessary

      24      program, providing opportunity to women and minority

      25      businesses that, historically, have been







                                                                   7
       1      underrepresented and underutilized.

       2             So the program is providing opportunity for

       3      minority- and women-owned businesses that otherwise

       4      wouldn't be there, has led to state contracts being

       5      awarded in a more equitable manner.

       6             However, I recognize the need for the program

       7      needs to work for everyone.

       8             And we have heard concerns about the program,

       9      and the certification process, the utilization

      10      rates, and the best attempts at hitting MWBE goals

      11      on projects.

      12             So I'm looking forward to hearing from folks

      13      today, and moving forward and working together to

      14      resolve these initiatives to make it work across the

      15      state no matter where you live.

      16             Thank you.

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, Senator Kennedy.

      18             Senator Phillips.

      19             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  So I just want to say,

      20      good morning.

      21             And I especially want to thank

      22      Senator Ritchie and Senator Akshar, Senator Little,

      23      for leading this effort.

      24             I'm proud to be a part of this Committee, and

      25      I look forward to the testimony.







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       1             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you.

       2             Senator Helming.

       3             SENATOR HELMING:  Thank you, and good

       4      morning.

       5             I too want to thank you, Senator Akshar,

       6      Senator Ritchie, and Senator Little for your

       7      leadership on this very important issue.

       8             I represent a portion of Upstate New York

       9      that's located between the Syracuse and Buffalo

      10      region, and not a week goes by that my office does

      11      not receive a call concerning the MWBE program.

      12             I agree there are merits with this program,

      13      but in Upstate New York we're faced with a number of

      14      challenges, meeting the MWBE requirements,

      15      et cetera.

      16             I look forward to the testimony today.

      17             I think there are a lot of questions, a lot

      18      of clarification that's needed.  At the end of the

      19      day, we're probably going to need to see some

      20      changes made to this program.

      21             Again, I thank you for the opportunity to be

      22      here and to listen to the testimony.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, Senator Helming.

      24             Senator Little.

      25             SENATOR LITTLE:  Thank you, and good morning.







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       1             I'm looking forward to the testimony, and our

       2      goal here is to make this program better.

       3             Thank you.

       4             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Wonderful.

       5             With that, I'll invite Mike Elmendorf down to

       6      provide testimony.

       7             If everybody providing testimony today wants

       8      to consolidate their testimony, we'd be happy.

       9             Of course, you've provided this in writing to

      10      us, and give us a little bit of more time to ask

      11      questions.

      12             Mike, however you can choose to do it.

      13             Thank you for being with us.

      14             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I will not deliver all

      15      67 pages.

      16                  [Laughter.]

      17             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Everyone's looking forward

      18      to the testimony.  We don't want to ruin that right

      19      out of the gate.

      20             So, good morning, Senator Ritchie,

      21      Senator Akshar, members of the Task Force.

      22             Senator Kennedy, in particular, thank you for

      23      being here, and for your voice on this.  I know

      24      you've heard a lot about this issue from our

      25      members, your constituents, as all of you have.







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       1             As Senator Akshar said, I'm Mike Elmendorf.

       2      I'm the president and CEO of the Associated General

       3      Contractors of New York State.  We are New York's

       4      leading statewide construction-industry

       5      organization.

       6             We represent, basically, the industry that

       7      builds everything but single-family homes, union and

       8      non-union, from every corner of New York.

       9             And I very much appreciate the fact that the

      10      Senate has called this hearing this morning to talk

      11      about an important issue, and it is an important

      12      program, and it's one that our association has a

      13      long history with.

      14             In fact, we helped write the original

      15      Article 15-A.  We are supporters of the program.

      16             We've also enjoyed a long -- decades-long

      17      partnership with groups like AMENY (the Association

      18      of Minority Enterprises of New York), working with

      19      them to do the hard work of actually building MWBE

      20      capacity.

      21             There's a lot of focus on goals, and I'll get

      22      to that.

      23             But, in some ways, I think that we're missing

      24      the boat just by focusing on goals, and not focusing

      25      on capacity building.







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       1             So we've partnered with AMENY and others for

       2      decades to try to actually build capacity.

       3             Just two weeks ago we kicked off a pilot

       4      project here in the capital region in Schenectady,

       5      with the City of Schenectady, Schenectady Community

       6      College, and AMENY, to actually do that.  We had

       7      about 30 MWBE firms in our office for the first of a

       8      six-part program, where they're going to learn how

       9      to bid public work, learn the ins and outs of the

      10      construction industry, because, by the way, this

      11      isn't easy.

      12             I think some who don't understand the

      13      industry think you can just decide you're going to

      14      go off and become a contractor and bid work and be

      15      very successful.

      16             Sadly, the flip side of it, I've seen

      17      multi-generational family businesses go belly up

      18      after one bad job.

      19             It is a very dangerous, risky business, and

      20      so you really have to build companies if they're

      21      going to be able to succeed.

      22             That said, while we're doing that good and

      23      important work, I think to say that there are

      24      problems with the current state of this program in

      25      New York would be an understatement.







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       1             Sadly, to its peril, it has been morphed into

       2      more of a political talking point than the program

       3      that it is intended to be, and in the process, it

       4      has seemed to become fairly, if not completely,

       5      detached from the existing laws and regulations of

       6      the state of New York that govern it; the

       7      Constitution of the United States, which is an

       8      important factor here, because these programs are

       9      all constructed in a way to comply with the

      10      Constitution, based on the Supreme Court's landmark

      11      1989 Croson case; and perhaps, not least of all,

      12      reality, because it's very difficult for our members

      13      to do business with firms that either don't exist in

      14      enough numbers, don't exist where they are, don't

      15      have the capacity to do the work that they are

      16      doing.

      17             And so, Senator Helming, when you said you

      18      get one call a week on this, I will gladly trade

      19      places because this accounts for about 70 percent of

      20      the contact we get from our members, which is

      21      astounding, if you think about all the things that

      22      AGC does, and all the issues that we are there,

      23      historically, to provide for our members on.

      24             So let's just kind of frame what this program

      25      is about.







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       1             It's about remediation.

       2             It is about addressing discrimination that

       3      has been properly documented, and that's a good

       4      thing.

       5             If there is discrimination, it ought to be

       6      attacked with vigor.

       7             We stand against discrimination in all forms.

       8             And, so, when you have a properly constituted

       9      program, you determine:  What's -- what is the

      10      capacity of MWBE firms?  What's their historic rate

      11      of participation in public contracting?

      12             And if there is a documented disparity that a

      13      proper study determines is the result of

      14      discrimination, then you develop narrowly-tailored

      15      goals to deal with that.

      16             And that word is important:  Goals.

      17             "Goals" is an important word.

      18             The contractor's obligation under a properly

      19      construed program is to make a good-faith effort to

      20      meet a properly constituted goal.

      21             Unfortunately, that's not what's happening

      22      today in New York.

      23             For starters, in 2014, the Governor announced

      24      a great fanfare, the imposition of a 30 percent

      25      goal.







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       1             And while you might have found that goal in

       2      his PowerPoint presentation that morning, you will

       3      not find that goal in state law, or in the

       4      regulations that underpin the program, or in the

       5      2010 disparity study which is currently what the

       6      program is based upon.

       7             In fact, based on state law, the goals for

       8      construction contracts are 22.75 percent, and for

       9      construction-related professional contracts, they're

      10      24.53 percent.

      11             30 percent doesn't exist in state law.  It is

      12      not a legal goal.

      13             But the problems don't end there.

      14             We then started seeing the near blanket

      15      imposition of 30 percent goals across the board on

      16      state contracts.

      17             And I suspect, particularly for the upstate

      18      members, this is a lot of what you've been getting

      19      calls about.

      20             That's not how this works.

      21             The law, the regulations, are very clear.

      22             The goal needs to be narrowly tailored.  And

      23      the regulations spell out in detail, that I've

      24      provided in my written testimony, the factors that

      25      are to be looked at in terms of how that goal is







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       1      established.

       2             And it includes the geography of the project,

       3      because I think we recognize that the demographics

       4      of the state vary pretty widely, right, from region

       5      to region.  And they vary, also, based on what

       6      you're doing, and the scope of the work matters.

       7             And so the regulations clearly contemplate

       8      that you're going to have goals that vary.

       9             And so when you're seeing 30 percent goals

      10      across the board, you know that the rules and the

      11      law aren't being followed.

      12             We also know it because we started asking a

      13      lot of questions.  We started FOILing every time

      14      that we saw a contract with a 30 percent goal.

      15             When we got answers, which was not most of

      16      the time, they were interesting.

      17             Couple of examples.

      18             SUNY Canton had a project that went out in

      19      Canton --

      20             Good morning, Senator Sanders.

      21             SENATOR SANDERS:  Good morning.

      22             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Good to see you, my friend.

      23             -- with a 30 percent goal in Canton.  Not

      24      exactly the most diverse region of the state.

      25             So we asked them, please send us the analysis







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       1      that you did to determine that that's the correct

       2      goal.

       3             Well, they did.  And their analysis said that

       4      the goal should be 4 percent.

       5             That's a big difference.

       6             SUNY Stony Brook on Long Island had a

       7      building project on their campus.  Went out with a

       8      30 percent goal.

       9             And it's just interesting that it's always an

      10      even number.  Right?

      11             Sometimes it's 15 and 15, sometimes it's

      12      18 and 12, but it always seems to add up to 30.

      13             They sent us their analysis.  It determined

      14      that the goal should be 21 percent and change.

      15             May not seem like a big difference.

      16             It's a huge difference if you're the

      17      contractor trying to meet that goal.

      18             Well, why is this happening?

      19             Well, we received a very interesting

      20      document, which I've shared with the Committee, from

      21      Empire State Development called the "MWBE Operations

      22      Primer."

      23             And that document directs agencies that they

      24      are not permitted to proceed with a procurement with

      25      an MWBE goal of less than 30 percent unless they've







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       1      gotten permission from the Governor's Office.

       2      There's a special e-mail address set up in there

       3      where they have to send a request and documentation

       4      for permission to put out a goal under 30 percent.

       5             That bears no relation to current state law,

       6      no relation to the regulations that govern goal

       7      setting, and, certainly, is violative of Croson's

       8      requirement that the goals be narrowly tailored.

       9             We ended up suing five state agencies over

      10      this point because the mainline state agencies were

      11      far less responsive.

      12             Those five agencies, three of them were

      13      ordered to provide us with -- well, actually, two of

      14      them, after we sued them, admitted they didn't have

      15      the goal-setting analysis, so they weren't doing it.

      16             Two of them were ordered to produce documents

      17      by the Court, which they did, which were not a

      18      goal-setting analysis.

      19             And the other offered up an exception why

      20      they weren't supposed to give us the documents, and

      21      the Court upheld that.  We are appealing that.

      22             No agency provided us with a goal-setting

      23      analysis that resulted in a 30 percent goal.

      24             So the problem here, really, is that the

      25      rules are not being followed.  The rules are being







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       1      short-circuited by directives from the

       2      Administration, and, that, I think is where much of

       3      the frustration that our members are feeling, and

       4      that you're hearing from your constituents, is

       5      coming from.

       6             Because, if we follow the law, and that's

       7      what we're looking for here, you're going to have

       8      more reasonable goals that may be able to be met.

       9             The other evidence here that this isn't

      10      working is the number of waivers that have been

      11      issued.

      12             When the Governor announced in 2011 that the

      13      goal was going to 20 percent, which is allowed under

      14      the 2010 study, and current-law waivers did this --

      15             There's a chart in my written testimony.

      16             -- waivers shot way up.

      17             When they went to 30 percent, waivers shot

      18      way, way up, which is evidence that the goals are

      19      not being properly set.

      20             If they were being properly set, in more

      21      instances, contractors would be able to meet those

      22      goals.  They wouldn't need to have so many waivers.

      23             Then you fast-forward to the 2016 disparity

      24      study, which was released last 4th of July weekend,

      25      despite the fact that it was delivered in October to







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       1      the Administration.  But it was released on 4th of

       2      July weekend.

       3             It did a good job of ruining my 4th of July

       4      weekend as I read it outside by the pool.

       5             That study concludes, rather amazingly, that

       6      the -- that 53 percent of the construction industry

       7      in New York is owned by minorities and women.

       8             Well, if that number has any credibility at

       9      all, why are we having waivers on 30 percent goals?

      10             Even if you accept that 30 percent is legal,

      11      which it's not, and you accept that it should be

      12      imposed across the board, which it can't be, why are

      13      there so many waivers being issued if we have more

      14      than 20 percent excess capacity in this industry?

      15             Our contractors should be having no problem

      16      reaching those goals if that number is correct.

      17             In fact, that number is not correct.

      18             It's hard to attack the number directly

      19      because there's no data in the study.

      20             And I understand that the Senate has asked

      21      for that data and hasn't gotten it.

      22             The most identifiable data source in the

      23      disparity study, which the State of New York paid

      24      $2 million for, is a Survey Monkey survey --

      25             You've all gotten these?







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       1             -- that had a 6 percent response rate.

       2             When we had a meeting of our members, we sent

       3      out a Survey Monkey survey and asked them:  How was

       4      the meeting?  How was the food?

       5             We get more than a 6 percent response rate.

       6             I'm not sure that really rises to the level

       7      of the type of social science that you need to

       8      underpin a program like this.

       9             So the 2016 study is fundamentally flawed.

      10             We think, essentially, we need to go back to

      11      the drawing board here.

      12             15-A is an important program.

      13             This program is an important program.

      14             In fact, as I said earlier, if we followed

      15      15-A, I don't think we'd be here talking about this

      16      this morning.

      17             We agreed with the Legislature's decision not

      18      only to extend the program, because it should be

      19      extended, but more importantly, to reject the

      20      Governor's proposal that would have made the way

      21      things are going now seem like the good old days

      22      compared to what was in the executive budget.

      23             The Legislature did the right thing, and they

      24      did the right thing for everyone involved here.

      25             They did the right thing for our industry,







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       1      who are already being placed at risk because they

       2      were being pushed to achieve goals that aren't

       3      properly set.

       4             But you did the right thing for this program,

       5      because if the program is not being administered

       6      properly, and by "properly," that is, not only in

       7      accordance with the laws of state of New York, but

       8      the Constitution, and the restrictions of the

       9      Croson case, it will be challenged, and it will be

      10      toppled.

      11             And it happened before in New York.  In the

      12      early '90s, when the administration of the program

      13      deviated from the law, deviated from the

      14      Constitution, there was a lawsuit, and the program

      15      was struck down and the State had to start over

      16      again.

      17             We joined during the budget process with more

      18      than 30 construction, business, labor, groups across

      19      the state to offer an alternative.

      20             Extend the law, which the Legislature did.

      21             Appropriate funds for the procurement of a

      22      new, proper disparity study.

      23             The 2016 disparity study, if it is put in

      24      force, will be challenged, it will fall, it will

      25      bring the program down.  It is fundamentally flawed.







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       1             And I'm sorry that Mason Tillman couldn't be

       2      here to talk about their study this morning.

       3             But beyond that, let's get back to where

       4      I started, which is building capacity in this

       5      industry.  That is how you increase diversity, erase

       6      discrimination, create opportunity.

       7             And building capacity doesn't start with just

       8      focusing on goals and focusing on certified

       9      companies, because, again, you don't wake up in the

      10      morning and become a contractor.

      11             Contractors come from the industry.  Working

      12      in the industry is that path to entrepreneurship.

      13             And, so, we look around the state at

      14      communities where they're underserved, there aren't

      15      enough opportunities.  And then we look at our

      16      industry across New York and across the country.

      17             There aren't enough people.

      18             We have a workforce shortage in New York and

      19      everywhere in the country.

      20             Seems like these would be two good groups of

      21      people to get together, right; folks who have jobs

      22      that they need to fill, folks who need

      23      opportunities.

      24             And that's the work that we're doing in

      25      Schenectady with AMENY.  It's something that we want







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       1      to try to duplicate around the state.

       2             And you know what happens when you get folks

       3      into the industry, you get them in the workforce,

       4      you teach them the business?

       5             Some of them decide they want to own the

       6      business, and they become contractors.  And then you

       7      have more capacity, and then you have more

       8      diversity.

       9             That's where our focus should be.

      10             We're missing the boat just by focusing on

      11      numbers.  Even if the numbers are properly

      12      established, that's part of it.

      13             If there's discrimination, it ought to be

      14      taken on, head-on.  It's wrong.

      15             And we share that commitment.  And, again, we

      16      helped create the program.

      17             But let's take a broader view.

      18             Let's follow the law.

      19             Let's follow the constitution.

      20             Let's fix 15-A in New York.

      21             Let's increase opportunity, but let's grow

      22      workforce.

      23             That's real opportunity for people who don't

      24      just get on with the right list to be certified to

      25      participate in public contracting, but for folks







                                                                   24
       1      around the state who want careers, want

       2      opportunities, want jobs.

       3             So thank you for this opportunity to talk to

       4      you about this this morning and engage in this

       5      conversation.

       6             And, certainly, I would welcome any questions

       7      that you might have.

       8             SENATOR AKSHAR:  So we've been joined by

       9      Senator Amedore, Senator Boyle, and Senator Sanders.

      10             And I just want to note, specifically about

      11      Senator Sanders, we specifically had a robust debate

      12      a couple of weeks ago about this particular program

      13      on the floor of the Senate when we introduced a

      14      piece of legislation.

      15             And I thought that the conversation that we

      16      both had was good during that debate.

      17             I thought Senator Sanders brought a lot of

      18      goodwill and a lot of education on this subject to

      19      the table.

      20             So, Senator, I just want to personally say,

      21      thank you for your willingness to serve on this Task

      22      Force, and I look forward.

      23             I failed to say this, we are going to travel

      24      the state and have several statewide hearings on

      25      this issue.  And the good Senator has agreed to







                                                                   25
       1      travel with us.

       2             So, I thank you for that.

       3             With that, I'll just turn it over to the

       4      folks on the dais to ask Mike any questions that

       5      they may have.

       6             SENATOR SANDERS:  When it's appropriate, I'd

       7      love a question.

       8             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Sure.  Go ahead, Senator.

       9             SENATOR SANDERS:  Oh, thank you, thank you.

      10             First, I would like to compliment the Chairs

      11      for coming up with a very interesting thing.

      12             Every once in a while you should stop and

      13      look at what you're doing.  There's something good

      14      to be said about this process.

      15             I don't care what it is, you should never get

      16      so ossified that you can't stop and look and see if

      17      there's anything better.

      18             I agree with you, sir, that we had a very

      19      robust conversation, and we did something perhaps

      20      different.  We -- it was more light than it was

      21      heat.

      22             Usually these conversations are just, you

      23      know, trying to get zingers.  Who could out-zing the

      24      next guy.

      25             But here you actually had something, and







                                                                   26
       1      I believe that there's a spirit of goodwill that I'm

       2      here to attest, to uphold, as a matter of fact, that

       3      if we are trying to mend it and not end it, then I'm

       4      never opposed to seeing a way of making a thing

       5      better.

       6             I have my suspicions and fears, but that's

       7      all right.  That's why I'm a Senator.  We have a lot

       8      of that.

       9             With that, and it is good to see you, sir.

      10             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Likewise.

      11             SENATOR SANDERS:  You seem to stay in Albany

      12      a great deal.

      13             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I live here.

      14             SENATOR SANDERS:  Well --

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  People actually live here.

      16                  [Laughter.]

      17             SENATOR SANDERS:  -- I've got to find a way

      18      to get you out of Albany more.

      19             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I do plenty of that too.

      20                  [Laughter.]

      21             SENATOR SANDERS:  I believe that there's a

      22      place way up by the Canadian border that can use a

      23      guy like you.

      24                  [Laughter.]

      25             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I take that as a compliment?







                                                                   27
       1             SENATOR SANDERS:  Oh, you don't want him in

       2      your district?

       3                  [Laughter.]

       4             SENATOR LITTLE:  He's doing a good job down

       5      here.

       6             SENATOR SANDERS:  Well -- well, let's see

       7      about that.

       8             Let me start by saying just the context of

       9      the conversation.  Sometimes conversations need

      10      context.

      11             Where we're talking about 30 percent, but we

      12      are really leaving out the 70 percent; the

      13      70 percent of the contracts of New York State that,

      14      basically, are held by older White men.

      15             So we're taking them totally off of the table

      16      and we're going to concentrate on just a goal, not

      17      even the real 30 percent.

      18             A goal of 30 percent.

      19             And I agree, there may be places in New York

      20      City -- New York City -- ah, New York

      21      (indiscernible).

      22             There may be places in New York State that

      23      don't have many people of color.

      24             I know you can't imagine that, but it may be

      25      true.







                                                                   28
       1             What about women?

       2             What about White women up there?

       3             It's "MWBE," which means all we -- if there

       4      aren't people of color, if you wish, running around,

       5      then why aren't we getting more White women in those

       6      areas to work?

       7             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, Senator, a couple of

       8      things.

       9             First of all, you know, for the benefit of

      10      the Committee, we spent a lot of others with

      11      Senator Sanders, talking about this, and I think it

      12      has been in goodwill.

      13             SENATOR SANDERS:  Yes.

      14             MIKE ELMENDORF:  We've maybe agreed on a few

      15      things.  Probably disagreed on more than we've

      16      agreed.  But we've agreed to keep --

      17             SENATOR SANDERS:  Probably 50/50.

      18             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Maybe.

      19             -- we've agreed to keep talking and be

      20      agreeable about it.

      21             SENATOR SANDERS:  Yes.

      22             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And I think that's what this

      23      should be about.

      24             First, I'm not sure that I -- I share the

      25      premise of your question that with -- in the absence







                                                                   29
       1      of goals you don't have participation and

       2      opportunity for minority- and women-owned businesses

       3      in contracting, because I don't -- I don't think

       4      that that's true.

       5             And I think the notion that, without a goal,

       6      a contractor wouldn't utilize a minority- and

       7      women-owned business is wrong.

       8             SENATOR SANDERS:  But this is not happening.

       9             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, certainly it's

      10      happening.

      11             Our contractors use MWBE firms all the time

      12      within the absence of a goal.  There's a thing

      13      called "private-construction activity" --

      14             SENATOR SANDERS:  Explain the 70 percent.

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- in New York.

      16             SENATOR SANDERS:  Explain the 70 percent.

      17             MIKE ELMENDORF:  The 70 percent?

      18             SENATOR SANDERS:  Yes.

      19             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, you're talking about

      20      the notion that, absent the 30 percent that is a

      21      goal, not a set-aside, a goal, that the rest of that

      22      volume of work is not going to be participated in by

      23      minority- and women-owned businesses.

      24             And I don't -- that does not comport with the

      25      experience that I've had.







                                                                   30
       1             SENATOR SANDERS:  But, sir, the facts of

       2      the -- of the case are, 70 percent of these

       3      contracts, basically, are White men.

       4             I mean --

       5             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Where -- from where do those

       6      facts derive?

       7             I haven't seen those facts.

       8             SENATOR SANDERS:  You will get the -- well,

       9      the next time we're meeting, we will have the facts.

      10             We're going to take -- we're going to take

      11      the tour of the state, so at the next place I'll

      12      have those facts.

      13             MIKE ELMENDORF:  But, by the way,

      14      Senator Akshar has the best restaurants in New York,

      15      in his district, with all due respect to everybody

      16      else.

      17             So I'll come eat in your districts too and

      18      you can convince me otherwise.

      19                  [Laughter.]

      20             SENATOR SANDERS:  Well, I hope we're going

      21      there next.

      22             MIKE ELMENDORF:  But another point, though,

      23      which goes to the question of how the goals are set,

      24      and you acknowledge that the demographics, the

      25      availability, differ.







                                                                   31
       1             And the same is true for WBEs.

       2             And the availability of M/WBEs will differ

       3      based on what you're doing.

       4             One of the things that we saw a few years

       5      ago, which was maddening, was, you know, every year,

       6      OGS lets contracts for the purchase of liquid

       7      asphalt and pavement, which they -- your local

       8      governments and others use in a vain attempt to try

       9      to fill the many potholes that seem to increase in

      10      numbers every year around the state.

      11             That is a purchase for just material.

      12      There's nothing -- it's just the material that is

      13      being sold on State contract to local governments,

      14      to -- to deal with trying to patch those potholes

      15      and repair roads.

      16             There's nothing else involved.

      17             There's no trucking, there's no

      18      subcontracting... there's nothing.

      19             There are zero certified firms in New York

      20      that own an asphalt plant.

      21             And, by the way, go try to start one, good

      22      luck with that.  We'll -- you know, check back with

      23      us in about five years and see if you've gotten

      24      anywhere.

      25             Zero.







                                                                   32
       1             The contract came up with a 30 percent goal.

       2             It took months to unwind that because OGS

       3      couldn't let the contract, and we lost months of a

       4      paving season that starts in the spring and ends in

       5      October.

       6             People lost their workforce.  Because these

       7      folks work on seasonal unemployment, they're --

       8      you're not paving roads in the summer.  If this is

       9      what you do, you're not working.

      10             It shows that, one, the goals weren't set

      11      properly.

      12             Nobody, based on a reality of who was

      13      available to participate in that procurement, would

      14      have thought the goal should be 30.

      15             The capacity there is hard zero.

      16             But it also shows that the capacity is going

      17      to vary based on what -- not only where you're doing

      18      it, but what you're doing.

      19             If you have a job that is very specific to

      20      certain types of trades or materials, certain types

      21      of construction, there may be fewer minority- or

      22      women-owned businesses in that space just because --

      23      that may just -- be just the way it is.  All right?

      24             It's -- you know, not -- all disparity is not

      25      the result of discrimination.







                                                                   33
       1             Some of it may be as a result of business

       2      choices that folks have made, that they don't want

       3      to do certain things.

       4             And, believe it or not, there are minority-

       5      and women-owned businesses that don't want to do

       6      public work, if you can imagine that.

       7             It's not the end-all and be-all.

       8             In fact, in a lot of ways, our building

       9      contractors would prefer to do less and less public

      10      work and do more private work.

      11             And towards that end, one of the challenges

      12      that this program presents for M and W businesses

      13      is, we hear from our building contractors who do --

      14      some do a mix of public and private work.

      15             They have very good minority- and women-owned

      16      businesses that they partner with successfully on

      17      their public-works projects because they're driven

      18      to them through the goals, who they'd love to use on

      19      a private project, but they can't, because they

      20      can't burn up their capacity on a private project,

      21      where they can -- they can insert somebody else

      22      because they need that M and W to either meet the

      23      goal or get closer to meeting the goal so that they

      24      can get -- they can proceed with their procurement.

      25             And the last point I'd leave you with,







                                                                   34
       1      Senator, that debate you referenced with

       2      Senator Akshar a couple of weeks ago on his bill,

       3      I watched with great interest.

       4             And I found myself agreeing with you more

       5      than 50 percent in that.

       6             SENATOR SANDERS:  Oh, then I'm wrong.

       7                  [Laughter.]

       8             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Maybe you were.  Maybe you

       9      were having a bad morning, or afternoon.  I don't

      10      remember what time it was.

      11             But, you know, you talk -- you expressed

      12      concern about the notion that setting goals on a

      13      regional basis would violate narrow tailoring.

      14             And I think you're right, by the way.

      15             I think that what Senator Akshar's proposed

      16      is a lot better than just stamping "30 percent" on

      17      contracts wherever possible, which is what's

      18      happening now, which is certainly not narrow

      19      tailoring.

      20             But, doing it on a county or regional basis

      21      is a lot more narrow than just 30, and yet I agree

      22      that that's not narrow tailoring.

      23             "Narrow tailoring" is look -- and it's

      24      spelled out in the regulations, it is looking at the

      25      procurement, looking at all the factors, looking at







                                                                   35
       1      the capacity.

       2             If you look at the documents I included from

       3      Stony Brook and SUNY Canton, which I've shared with

       4      you privately, previously, that shows you what that

       5      looks like.

       6             It's real work.

       7             I mean, you go -- it's like putting together

       8      a utilization plan.

       9             And I can well appreciate why the agencies

      10      might not doing it in many cases, because you do all

      11      this work and then you're told, Isn't that nice,

      12      it's 30.

      13             And it's what happened in Canton.  It's what

      14      happened in Stony Brook.

      15             And so some of the agencies just aren't doing

      16      it, which are lawsuit-proof.

      17             But they're violating narrow tailoring too.

      18             That 30 is much less narrow than doing it

      19      regionally, which, Senator, you objected to as not

      20      being narrow tailoring.

      21             And I agree with you, which is why we haven't

      22      had a lot to say about that bill.  It's better than

      23      where we are now.

      24             We've taken over the status quo, for sure.

      25      But, you know, this needs to be done right.







                                                                   36
       1             And if the goals are set properly, there's

       2      going to be less aggravation.

       3             And the other point is, as we've talked to

       4      you about, there's going to be more opportunities

       5      for M's and W's, because when you're not doing a

       6      goal-setting analysis, you're, potentially, missing

       7      opportunities.

       8             You know, Joe Holden from our shop, who's

       9      been doing this for 30 years, you couldn't believe

      10      some of the people that he knew, Senator.

      11             He looks younger than he is, I suppose.

      12             But, you know, he's talked about the fact

      13      that you go through and you look at the specs on a

      14      job.  And maybe you've got a project that says, "you

      15      got to use this type window," for no good reason,

      16      other than, whoever designed the job thinks that

      17      that's a really great type of window and they want

      18      that window on their job.

      19             But when you're looking at capacity, you

      20      might have a whole bunch of M and W firms that could

      21      provide windows, just not that brand.

      22             If you do this analysis, you might say, you

      23      know what?  We can have more utilization if we

      24      actually, like, think about it, instead of just

      25      saying, well, the number is 30 because we were told







                                                                   37
       1      it must be.

       2             SENATOR SANDERS:  Another question, and then

       3      I'll yield after a brief statement.

       4             Where in the nation are they doing the type

       5      of narrow tailoring that you're suggesting?

       6             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I think just about

       7      everywhere.

       8             Because you'll note, Senator, that these

       9      programs are constructed in a way that's pretty

      10      similar, because they're all designed to fit through

      11      the same door that was opened by Croson.  And that

      12      decision was pretty clear about what is required in

      13      terms of narrow tailoring.

      14             You know, to be sure, there are problems

      15      around the country with these programs to varying

      16      degrees.

      17             I'm not sure that any of them are as acute as

      18      they are in New York.

      19             Just last week there was a story about,

      20      I think, I believe it was Columbus, Ohio, where they

      21      had a Mason Tillman study, the same company that did

      22      the New York disparity study, the 2016 study, that

      23      they rejected because the data was flawed.

      24             In New York we can't even tell you if the

      25      data's flawed because we certainly haven't seen it.







                                                                   38
       1      And as I pointed out, the Senate hasn't seen it.

       2             If you get it, please, do let us know.

       3             But, generally speaking, that's how these

       4      programs are done.

       5             And when they're not narrowly tailored, when

       6      they don't conform with Croson, they get challenged,

       7      and they -- and many times they get struck down.

       8             That's not what anybody here wants.

       9             We want a program that works, that increases

      10      diversity, decreases discrimination, increases

      11      opportunity, and, again, follows the law, the

      12      Constitution, and the realities of the industry in

      13      New York.

      14             SENATOR SANDERS:  You gave me homework, and

      15      I'm going to do it at that next place.

      16             I want to give you a little homework, though.

      17             I want you to show me or give me some

      18      information by the next time we meet of where in the

      19      nation we're doing this narrow tailoring that you're

      20      speaking of, because I study this stuff, and I have

      21      never seen anything that you're speaking of.

      22             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, I can tell you where

      23      we -- where it was done very near by here --

      24             SENATOR SANDERS:  Okay.

      25             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- until the ESD operations







                                                                   39
       1      primer directed the agencies to set goals to

       2      30 percent, in violation of existing state law and

       3      regulation.  It's how the goals were always

       4      established before.

       5             It's not -- we're not asking for something

       6      new.  We're just -- it's a radical idea:  We're just

       7      asking to follow the current law and regulations of

       8      the state of New York.

       9             So the -- first, and I will get you that

      10      information in short order.

      11             But the easy answer is, it was here until

      12      just a few years ago, that that was the case.

      13             SENATOR SANDERS:  Well, I thank you.

      14             And we're going to have a very interesting

      15      conversation as we -- as we go forward.

      16             There are other questions, maybe I'll come

      17      back.  I'm sure I'll get a chance with some of these

      18      other witnesses.

      19             But, thank you very much for the opportunity.

      20             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Ritchie.

      21             SENATOR RITCHIE:  I would just like to,

      22      before I ask you a question, Mike, just comment to

      23      Senator Sanders about some of the challenges that

      24      we're having in our district.

      25             Just like Senator Helming, on a, pretty much,







                                                                   40
       1      daily basis, we have contractors calling, saying,

       2      you know:  We want to abide by the standards, but

       3      there aren't any businesses out there.  Can you help

       4      us?

       5             And I know Senator Little hosted a meeting in

       6      her office, and we met with the folks from MWBE and

       7      we asked them, you know, What do we do to help the

       8      situation?

       9             And one of the comments back -- and

      10      I represent a really economically-challenged area --

      11      was:  If you can't find somebody in your area, it's

      12      all right to go to New York City.

      13             Well, for me, that was kind of something that

      14      I don't agree with because, if we have so many

      15      people who are looking to work in our district,

      16      there must be a way to address it.

      17             So, we hosted a number of boot camps, tried

      18      to.  We had individuals that showed up.  More often

      19      than not, by the end of the paperwork process, they

      20      told us that it was so complicated, took so long,

      21      they finally gave up.

      22             One of the -- one of the businesses that many

      23      of the companies in our area actually used, who was

      24      a certified MWBE, they were too successful.  And

      25      once they get over the $300,000 threshold, their







                                                                   41
       1      certification was taken away.

       2             So one business that many of the companies

       3      could actually use, because they were a company that

       4      they could get labor -- or, lumber from and buy off

       5      the list, they were not certified anymore.

       6             So not only is the situation not getting

       7      better, it actually got worse.

       8             So, you know, those are -- this isn't just

       9      about trying to regionalize to get the number lower.

      10      This is about finding out, how do we -- how do we

      11      get more people to get certified?

      12             So, I appreciate you being here.

      13             And, Mike, if you could just explain some of

      14      the problems that your contractors are having when

      15      the bid comes out, what they have to go through in

      16      order to find the 30 percent they're looking for,

      17      and many times, they can't find the 30 percent.

      18             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Yeah, I mean, it's -- as

      19      I said earlier, it really confounds me that we get

      20      more calls about this than anything else.

      21             And, you know, look, to be fair, when -- a

      22      contractor's obligation is serious here, right, to

      23      make a good-faith effort to meet the goal.

      24             And, certainly, when you have an

      25      administration that has made this program a







                                                                   42
       1      priority, as is entirely their prerogative to do,

       2      and that in and of itself is not a bad thing,

       3      contractors need to understand they need to do an

       4      even better job of documenting their good-faith

       5      effort.

       6             And so we've invested a lot of time and

       7      energy educating our contractors, generally, on

       8      specific contracts.

       9             They come to us and they talk about what

      10      they've done.  And we often tell them, well, you

      11      know, you've got to do this too.

      12             But, when you start with the premise that you

      13      have a goal that was not properly established, which

      14      is, in many cases, the case, because it's a

      15      30 percent goal again that doesn't exist in law, and

      16      that has been set on a contract not in conformance

      17      with the law and regulations, you're sort of set up

      18      to fail.

      19             And so, you know, to the point that you

      20      raised, Senator Ritchie, we have folks that are,

      21      after they have done their solicitation in a

      22      reasonable geographic area, which is, I think, a

      23      direct quote from the regulations, and they can't

      24      get the level of participation to meet the goal,

      25      they're then told that they need to look statewide.







                                                                   43
       1             Well, I've got bad news.

       2             Masonry subcontractors from Senator Sanders'

       3      district are probably not coming to work in your

       4      district, Senator Ritchie, they probably never have,

       5      for good reason, because there's a lot to do down

       6      there, and it is an equipment-intensive business

       7      that we're in.

       8             So you don't just go ahead and move everybody

       9      and all your stuff to the far end of the state to go

      10      work on a contract.

      11             And, yet, our contractors are made to run in

      12      circles, calling folks that are never going to work

      13      in that geographic area.

      14             In some cases, they get to know them, and

      15      they recognize the phone number.

      16             One of our mutual friends, Senator Akshar,

      17      they recognize that 607 area code.  And when his

      18      folks call and they say, Will you quote on this job?

      19      they say, We told you, stop calling us.  We're not

      20      going there.

      21             This is a waste of everybody's time.

      22             And the agencies are doing the same thing,

      23      because then there's folks in the agencies that are

      24      on the contractor to do more, to try to meet the

      25      goal.







                                                                   44
       1             Because the other thing that's changed here,

       2      is the agencies used to have the authority within

       3      the agency to say, You've made the good-faith

       4      effort.  You've documented it, you did your

       5      solicitations, you got what participation you're

       6      able to get.  You met the goal, or you didn't, but

       7      you made the good-faith effort.

       8             That's the obligation, not a requirement to

       9      meet the goal.

      10             Were that the case, it would be something

      11      other than a goal, and then it would have its own

      12      problems.

      13             Well, that's not how it works anymore.

      14             You know, there's another special e-mail

      15      address that's been set up in the Governor's Office,

      16      which is where the agencies have to seek permission

      17      to grant a waiver for the balance of the goal.

      18             And I talked about the trend on waivers.

      19             Well, there's a couple of interesting things.

      20             Recently, more -- you know, we're seeing more

      21      and more times when there's not actually a waiver

      22      being granted.

      23             A contractor may be told, we accept your

      24      utilization plan, provisionally, and you need to

      25      keep trying to get more participation from M's and







                                                                   45
       1      W's throughout the course of the project.

       2             Well, that may not be realistic.  Right?

       3             You've designed your project, you've got your

       4      subcontractors, you've got your suppliers; it is

       5      what it is.

       6             If something changes, certainly, the

       7      contractor can try to do it.

       8             But now they're going through the project

       9      with this uncertainty hanging over their head, and

      10      at the end of the job, are they going to just get

      11      paid and be all set, or are they going to get

      12      whacked over the head because they haven't met the

      13      goal because they never got a waiver in the

      14      beginning?

      15             Well, why is this?

      16             Well, when you don't grant a waiver, you're

      17      not putting another notch on that chart that -- that

      18      I provided with information from ESD, because,

      19      again, the increase in waivers is, to me, sort of,

      20      on its face, evidence that the goals aren't

      21      attainable.

      22             And if they were being set more in tune with

      23      the reality of what you're doing, they would be more

      24      attainable.

      25             The other thing that was really disturbing







                                                                   46
       1      was, in the executive budget proposal, the Executive

       2      actually proposed, and a public reporting, on the

       3      issuance of waivers.

       4             And it really kind of makes one wonder, what

       5      is the public-policy interest there?

       6             I think, you know, both non-MWBEs and MWBEs

       7      have an interest in seeing that information.

       8             And I'm sure that you've heard it,

       9      Senator Sanders, where, you know, our friends in the

      10      MWBE community -- and they are our friends, you know

      11      that -- they look at that number and they say, Why

      12      are there so many waivers?

      13             Well, I think it's because of the point

      14      I made, which is, because the goals aren't being set

      15      right.

      16             What public interest is served by removing

      17      that -- that reporting?

      18             So, many of our contractors have folks in

      19      their office that only do this; that do these

      20      solicitations, that chase a goal that they know --

      21      they know they're not going to be able to meet, but

      22      they just have to keep running around and around and

      23      around so that they can document sufficiently to the

      24      agency that they've done it, so that the agency is

      25      comfortable, if they go to that step, to go to the







                                                                   47
       1      Governor's Office to get permission to grant a

       2      waiver on the goal.

       3             It's taking up an enormous amount of time

       4      that, as I would suggest, could be better spent

       5      building capacity and doing the work that we're

       6      doing to actually try to bring more people into the

       7      industry.

       8             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Thank you.

       9             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Boyle.

      10             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you.

      11             And I'd like to thank the working group

      12      Chairs, Senator Ritchie and Senator Akshar, for

      13      holding this; and, Mike, for your incredibly

      14      insightful testimony.

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Thank you.

      16             SENATOR BOYLE:  And as I would like to

      17      associate myself with Senator Ritchie's remarks,

      18      there -- I see it getting -- possibly getting worse.

      19             On Long Island, we don't have -- it's not a

      20      problem of not enough, obviously, not like upstate.

      21      There's different issues in different parts of the

      22      state.  But the difficulty in MWBEs getting

      23      certified is unbelievable.

      24             I hear it all the time in our office:

      25             We went through the paperwork, we tried, and







                                                                   48
       1      forget it.

       2             You know, my wife is a small-business person.

       3      She's probably gone several times and just says,

       4      "Forget it."  And just throws it aside, doesn't want

       5      to do it.

       6             You know?

       7             One thing I can tell you that -- it surprises

       8      me, and it's not that the New York City

       9      Administration is known for its efficiency, but

      10      I think they're actually better at this, and they

      11      are very aggressive.

      12             They've been out to Long Island.  I guess the

      13      New York City region covers Westchester, Nassau,

      14      Suffolk.

      15             So they're trying to get their number they're

      16      looking for, I think, like, 9,000 businesses they

      17      want certified, so they make it much easier.

      18             If we could just be, on the state level, as

      19      good as New York City, it'd be fine.

      20             One of the other things -- a problem, as

      21      Senator Ritchie mentioned, is the decertification.

      22             And I'm hearing over and over again from

      23      companies that have been certified for, not years,

      24      but decades, and, now, they suddenly get the

      25      paperwork, "you're decertified."







                                                                   49
       1             We haven't changed our business model.  We're

       2      doing the exact same thing we've been doing for many

       3      years.  What happened?

       4             So this is going to make it more difficult.

       5             I do have one question, though.

       6             So, on the 30 percent, or whatever the given

       7      waiver is going to be, is it just -- say, a

       8      construction project, we're going to build an office

       9      building.

      10             Is it just construction jobs that are counted

      11      under this; or, any contracts, food services, for

      12      example, if they did that?

      13             I mean, would that count towards the

      14      30 percent?

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, for the agency, yes.

      16             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yeah.

      17             MIKE ELMENDORF:  So the goals apply to

      18      procurements broadly.

      19             SENATOR BOYLE:  Right, right, yeah.

      20             MIKE ELMENDORF:  The program is a little

      21      different for construction because construction is

      22      different.

      23             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yeah.

      24             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And so, obviously, that's

      25      what we're focused on.







                                                                   50
       1             But if you look at the agency, the agency set

       2      a goal.

       3             SENATOR BOYLE:  Uh-huh?

       4             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And you probably won't be

       5      surprised that all the agencies' goals are

       6      30 percent, I believe.

       7             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yeah, yeah, yeah.

       8             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And they're -- everything

       9      that they purchase goes towards that goal.  So,

      10      paper, paper clips, you know, you -- you name it.

      11             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yeah, yeah.

      12             MIKE ELMENDORF:  So it's not something that

      13      just applies to our industry --

      14             SENATOR BOYLE:  Right.

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- but it is -- the program

      16      is unique in a lot of ways --

      17             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yep.

      18             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- for our industry.

      19             And, our industry is different.

      20             I mean, if you're -- if you are, you know,

      21      getting accounting services, it would be much easier

      22      if you're in Senator Ritchie's district to get an

      23      accountant from Senator Sanders' district.  You can

      24      do that from afar.

      25             You can't build something from afar.







                                                                   51
       1             And so the challenges that are posed to our

       2      industry by this, I think, you know, are a little

       3      bit different, which is, again, why we are so

       4      adamant that we have to set the goals right in the

       5      first instance.

       6             SENATOR BOYLE:  Right.

       7             And so -- and your remarks also on the fact

       8      that there -- got a website for waivers, it's,

       9      really, the entire decision is being made by the

      10      Governor's Administration.  Right?

      11             I mean, it's -- the law might as well not

      12      even be there.  It's just, well, you -- we're going

      13      to make it up as we go along on each individual

      14      basis.

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, that's certainly what

      16      that document, which is attached to my testimony,

      17      suggests.

      18             And it -- this -- there may be a more recent

      19      version of that document.

      20             That's the one that we received, and we've

      21      gotten some earlier versions.

      22             But, you know, again, nowhere in the process,

      23      as it's laid out, is it contemplated that that

      24      decision will reside someplace other than in the

      25      agency.







                                                                   52
       1             SENATOR BOYLE:  Right.

       2             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And I -- you know, I think

       3      that, you know, the intimation is clear:

       4             Your goal should be 30 percent.

       5             Your project is going to be delayed if it's

       6      not, because you're going to go through this process

       7      with the second floor to get approval to proceed.

       8             And, you know, frankly, you know,

       9      confidentially, we've had conversations with

      10      agencies where they've said to us, they think that

      11      they're helping the industry by just going out with

      12      30, and trying to figure out how -- where they can

      13      get in dealing with it later, because, you know, the

      14      things that the State is building are things that

      15      need to be built.  Right?

      16             You got to replace that bridge.  You got to

      17      fix that road.  You've got to build that building.

      18             You know, these are not things that are sort

      19      of like, maybe we'll redo the kitchen next summer.

      20             SENATOR BOYLE:  Right.

      21             MIKE ELMENDORF:  So they don't want to delay

      22      the projects.

      23             And so I think the agencies, much like our

      24      industry, are under an enormous amount of pressure.

      25             And, again, if we can just force the goals to







                                                                   53
       1      be set according to law, and we -- and that's one of

       2      the things that we called for in the budget, there

       3      needs to be transparency on the goal setting.

       4             And what they ought to do is, when they

       5      pre-bid, when the documents go out to contractors or

       6      potential bidders, the analysis, much like what

       7      Stony Brook did, what Canton did, there's plenty of

       8      other examples, that should be part of the pre-bid

       9      package.

      10             SENATOR BOYLE:  Uh-huh.

      11             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And that protects everybody.

      12             It protects the MWBE contractor because they

      13      know the goal's being set right.

      14             Because, as arbitrary as what's happening

      15      now, imagine an alternative universe where you have

      16      a governor that decides that the goal should be 4 on

      17      every contract.  And you can't go out with higher

      18      than 4 unless you've gotten permission from the

      19      Governor's Office to do that.

      20             That would be just as wrong as that you can't

      21      go out without 30.

      22             The other benefit is, that, for a contractor,

      23      they look at that it's a road map.  How do I get --

      24      here's how somebody who knows about -- something

      25      about what we're building thinks you get there.







                                                                   54
       1             And it helps the contractor do a better job

       2      of putting together their utilization.

       3             Transparency is a good thing.

       4             We have language that we could share with the

       5      Senate to make that happen, and it's a relatively

       6      minor change to 15-A that also protects the program

       7      because it keeps it on narrow tailored.

       8             SENATOR AKSHAR:  I'd love to see that.

       9             Thank you.

      10             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Certainly.

      11             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Kennedy.

      12             SENATOR KENNEDY:  Thank you, Senator Akshar.

      13             And, thank you, Mike, again, for your

      14      testimony today, for your leadership on this issue,

      15      and, throughout the year, the wealth of information

      16      and knowledge that you bring to the table.

      17             Your experience I think is absolutely

      18      essential in getting us to where we need to go --

      19             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Thank you.

      20             SENATOR KENNEDY:  -- ultimately, in figuring

      21      out a solution.

      22             And I know that that's why we are all here.

      23             I want to again thank my colleagues for

      24      putting this together, this public hearing.

      25             We're -- we're -- I want to associate my







                                                                   55
       1      comments with my -- all of my colleagues as well.

       2             What's happening in every area of the state

       3      is happening out in Buffalo and Western New York as

       4      well.

       5             I mean, it is -- I'm, literally, checking off

       6      questions as I'm hearing them from my colleagues.

       7             So, sounds like we're -- we're all on the

       8      same page as far as some of the issues within the

       9      program itself.

      10             What are the solutions?  I think that's the

      11      bottom line here.

      12             And, you know, I know that you spent

      13      five hours with Senator Sanders.  And the --

      14             MIKE ELMENDORF:  It was only three.

      15             SENATOR KENNEDY:  -- three hours?

      16             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, that one --

      17             SENATOR KENNEDY:  Three hours on one day.

      18             Wait a minute.

      19             Three hours one particular day.

      20             A couple of hours with me another day.

      21             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Yes.

      22             SENATOR KENNEDY:  So, I know that you've been

      23      intimately engaged in all of this.

      24             But, you know, what we really need are

      25      solutions, moving forward.







                                                                   56
       1             We bought ourselves some time, we bought

       2      ourselves a year, to really figure out and get into

       3      the weeds in -- of the issue.

       4             And I respect and appreciate the fact that

       5      this Committee will be moving across the state,

       6      hearing these issues and hearing from those

       7      impacted.

       8             But, as far as certification goes, and, you

       9      know, the good-faith requirements, and the level of

      10      MWBE participation, and all of the things that we

      11      have heard from our constituents about the program,

      12      what is this ultimate solution?

      13             Obviously, it has to be deliberated,

      14      governmentally, with everyone at the table.

      15             But I think, especially since you and your

      16      organization were on the front lines on the initial

      17      authoring of this legislation, if you could just

      18      talk a little bit about what your vision is, and how

      19      to resolve some of these issues, without necessarily

      20      impacting.

      21             Look, the Governor has been very clear on

      22      that 30 percent goal.  He's not budging.

      23             And I appreciate the -- conceptually, what

      24      the Governor and this Administration is trying to

      25      do:  Increase women and minority participation in







                                                                   57
       1      the workplace.

       2             I think that is a worthy and necessary goal,

       3      and I think we all share it.

       4             How do we get there?

       5             And what do we need to do in the short term

       6      and the long term?

       7             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Thank you, Senator.

       8             You know, I go back to the -- really, the

       9      kind of, I think, fairly simple three points that

      10      the 30 groups and AGC put forth in the context of

      11      the budget.

      12             We need a new disparity study anyway.  Right?

      13             That's why the 2016 study was done.  The

      14      2010 study is based on data that's, like, 13 years

      15      old at this point, and there is a staleness issue of

      16      the data.  And some of these programs have been

      17      challenged in the past because the underlying data

      18      is too old.  The world changes.

      19             The other thing that changes is, remember, if

      20      the program has been successful, we have decreased

      21      disparity.

      22             We have -- by increasing utilization of M's

      23      and W's in contracting, there's no question that the

      24      Cuomo Administration has done that.

      25             What the number really is, there is questions







                                                                   58
       1      about that.  There have been audits of some of the

       2      agencies that have questioned how it's being

       3      accounted.

       4             But it is certainly more than it was before.

       5      That's a good thing.  That's something that the

       6      Governor and his Administration should take pride

       7      in, and we support that.

       8             But if you've increased utilization, the

       9      disparity might have gone down, right, unless there

      10      are more firms that have come into existence and

      11      been certified.

      12             And that's certainly an issue that we've

      13      talked about.

      14             So I think you need a few things.

      15             We need a new disparity study.  The 2016

      16      disparity study is -- as I said, it's flawed.

      17             If it is put into force to underpin this

      18      program, it will be challenged, by somebody.

      19             Maybe it will be part of that challenge,

      20      I don't know, but it is -- it is defective.  It will

      21      not do what needs to be done to maintain the

      22      program.

      23             And we don't want to see that happen.

      24             We need a properly conducted disparity study

      25      that has the underlying data, that's procured in the







                                                                   59
       1      right way.

       2             This -- this -- this study -- what the RFP

       3      for the study said, the purpose of the study was to

       4      increase M and W utilization.

       5             While that may be a goal that people support,

       6      that's not why you do these studies.

       7             The purpose of the study is to determine what

       8      is the state of the world in New York State right

       9      now, relative to disparity, to provide a

      10      constitutional basis for the program.

      11             So it was flawed, kind of, like, before it

      12      started, in terms of what was asked for.

      13             So, do a new disparity study.  Extend the

      14      current law for the appropriate amount of time to

      15      allow that to happen.

      16             At the same time, amend the law to force

      17      transparency on goal setting, as we've talked about,

      18      because, if you have goals that are properly set,

      19      you will have a lot less agitation about all of

      20      this, and you'll actually be able to meet the goals,

      21      and you'll have goals that will actually increase

      22      opportunities for utilization.

      23             And then I think, most importantly, we need

      24      to get back to building capacity, building

      25      workforce, increasing diversity in the industry.







                                                                   60
       1             We need to reinstate the old mentor-protege

       2      program that existed in New York until, I think, the

       3      '90s, The Alliance of Minority and Majority

       4      Contractors.

       5             It was a very successful program that brought

       6      together MWBE and non-MWBE contractors, to help them

       7      to get into the industry, grow, succeed, bid, and

       8      become successful parts of our industry, because

       9      that -- that's what we want to see at the end of the

      10      day.

      11             I don't think that we need to make wholesale

      12      changes to 15-A.  As I said at the beginning of my

      13      testimony a long time ago --

      14             I'm surprised anyone is still here.

      15             -- the law works.

      16             The trouble is not the law.

      17             The trouble is what we have now, which is not

      18      the law.

      19             And I guess I conclude with the 30 percent.

      20             If -- if a disparity study is done that

      21      concludes that the disparity is now 30 percent in

      22      New York --

      23             And, by the way, the 2016 study doesn't

      24      conclude that.  It just says, the Governor said the

      25      goal is 30 percent, so, okay.







                                                                   61
       1             That's not -- that's not science, that's not

       2      how this works.

       3             -- if a disparity study is done that says the

       4      disparity is 30 percent, and it's a credible study,

       5      so be it.

       6             But know that would mean that the disparity

       7      went up since the last time a disparity study was

       8      done, which means the program is failing.

       9             And I don't think that it is.

      10             I think that the -- I think that, despite all

      11      of these problems, that the program is succeeding.

      12             Despite all these problem, I suspect that the

      13      Governor could credibly say, there are record levels

      14      of participation in minority- and women-owned

      15      business -- in businesses in public contracting,

      16      which is a good thing.

      17             The other things that are happening here, the

      18      rubber-stamping of an illegal goal, the other

      19      short-circuiting of the processes that are here to

      20      protect everyone, are bad things.

      21             And so that -- our proposal is designed to --

      22      at addressing that, but it starts with a new

      23      disparity study, because you will -- you will have

      24      continued problems around this program if it's based

      25      on the 2016 study, which, by the way, the Governor







                                                                   62
       1      proposed that the Legislature adopt without really

       2      adopting it.

       3             The current law is based on the numbers from

       4      the 2010 study being enacted into executive law and

       5      into -- into -- into statute.  That's those

       6      "22 percent" numbers that I referenced.

       7             The executive budget proposal said that the

       8      program is just based on the most recent disparity

       9      study, whatever that might be.  Maybe there will be

      10      a new one next week.

      11             You guys don't need to trouble yourselves

      12      with that in the Legislature.  The goals can just

      13      change whenever a new disparity study arrives.

      14             That's a problem.  I mean, that's certainly a

      15      problem for the industry because -- and for

      16      everybody.

      17             It's a problem because that -- that isn't

      18      very narrowly tailored.  And it's also, I would

      19      think, a problem for both Houses of the Legislature

      20      because it tramples on your authority to make

      21      public-policy decisions on an issue as important as

      22      this one.

      23             So, let's get a proper disparity study that

      24      will stand up to public and legislative scrutiny,

      25      and then let's take the findings of that study and







                                                                   63
       1      incorporate them into law, and continue this

       2      program.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Little.

       4             SENATOR LITTLE:  Thank you.

       5             And thank you for your remarks.

       6             One of the things is, in the North Country,

       7      which is -- I have two regional economic development

       8      districts in my district.  And I want to speak about

       9      the North Country Regional Economic Development

      10      Council.

      11             The Governor formed these councils -- I am

      12      on, yes -- formed these councils 8 years ago because

      13      he believed that different parts of the state had

      14      different challenges in order to get to a decent

      15      economy, and to have job growth, and all of those

      16      things.

      17             So he identified the North Country as being

      18      one of those regions.

      19             Now, it comprises of -- it's comprised of

      20      seven counties.  It takes up 20 percent of the

      21      state's largest -- of the state territory, and only

      22      2 percent of the state population.

      23             And the total number, according to

      24      North Country Chamber of Commerce, which works on

      25      this, of MWBE enterprises in this vast region, is







                                                                   64
       1      119.  Of these, only 19 are minority-, 103 are

       2      women-owned businesses.

       3             So the difficulty is, really, in getting

       4      certified.  It takes forever.

       5             The difficulty of the whole waiver process

       6      takes forever.

       7             I have people in business who just don't want

       8      to do it because of the paperwork.

       9             Two things I would ask you:

      10             There needs to be a more simpler

      11      certification process.

      12             And, apparently, from what I understand, the

      13      federal process is much easier to be certified,

      14      New York City is much easier to be certified, which

      15      is why, perhaps, they are more successful.

      16             We need some pilot-program ideas as to what

      17      you see in the certification process is good.

      18             A second big problem we have in the

      19      North Country is the agency does not seem to

      20      understand businesses that are inherited; family

      21      businesses.

      22             The parent dies, hands over the business to a

      23      son and a daughter who have been equal in the

      24      business so far.  They go to try to be a minority-

      25      and women-owned business, and it is very, very







                                                                   65
       1      difficult to get through.  Constantly questioning

       2      their motives, constantly questioning their

       3      experience, education, in this type of business, and

       4      all of that.

       5             So, a way to make that more understandable to

       6      the agencies.

       7             And, then, much of it is they're not

       8      publicly-owned companies that we have up north, a

       9      lot of them.  They are privately owned, so the

      10      buildings, the equipment, they own, it takes them

      11      way over the 3 1/2-million-dollar personal wealth

      12      right at the start.

      13             So I have a huge business that doesn't even

      14      apply.

      15             I have another one that's fourth generation,

      16      that is national, and privately owned.  They don't

      17      apply.  There's no way, and you try -- you can't

      18      convince them to.

      19             So how can we simplify suggestions for that,

      20      and simplify even the application for the waiver.

      21             Because what we are also finding is there are

      22      people, businesses, can't get certified, so they go

      23      through a certified business that's in another part

      24      of the state.  We pay them a 5 percent of the cost,

      25      the profit thing, and they get to do the work.







                                                                   66
       1             Otherwise, many of these companies would have

       2      to go out of business, and we would have to be

       3      employing people outside of this regional economic

       4      development, you know, region, and we would not --

       5      never meet the goals that the Governor has set for

       6      helping the economy in the North County.

       7             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, on the last point,

       8      I would caution folks about doing that sort of a

       9      pass-through arrangement with another company

      10      because that's a dangerous thing.

      11             We hear a lot about certification.

      12             We hear a lot about decertification.

      13             Senator Kennedy called me yesterday.  He had

      14      constituents in his office that were talking about

      15      this.

      16             And I think a couple of things are clear.

      17             First, I think ESD needs more resources to

      18      deal with this.  It's become such a focus, and it's

      19      become sort of a quagmire over there when folks go

      20      into that process.

      21             I wish the same scrutiny was put on setting

      22      goals, and where goals are set, as is being put on

      23      who gets into the program.

      24             Maybe I don't even wish that much scrutiny,

      25      because it's a lot of -- it's a lot of scrutiny.







                                                                   67
       1             And between the issues that folks have

       2      getting certified, and then the decertifications

       3      that we heard about, and we've gotten a lot of calls

       4      about this, where, really, nothing has changed,

       5      except, all of a sudden, now you're out.

       6             It's hard to understand what's happening, you

       7      know, inside that agency on this.

       8             And, certainly, it is troubling to us because

       9      every name that comes off of that list of certified

      10      firms makes the challenge that our contractors have

      11      to try to meet to goal, or get as close to that goal

      12      as they can, that much more difficult, which is why,

      13      you know, we had no objection to the legislation

      14      that, Senator Ritchie, you co-sponsored with

      15      Assemblywoman Bichotte on net worth --

      16             SENATOR LITTLE:  Right.

      17             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- because that -- to us,

      18      that's a big number.

      19             SENATOR LITTLE:  Let me ask you, though:

      20      Could you, or one of your companies, or somebody,

      21      look at the certification application and see what

      22      they deem as really unnecessary, and how it could be

      23      simplified, so that we could be like New York City

      24      or like the federal government and be able to

      25      certify sooner?







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       1             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Yeah, certainly we can do

       2      that.  And our -- you know, our attorneys have

       3      probably more -- much like me, they probably have

       4      more experience with this than they wish they had.

       5             And, you know, we can also look at what the

       6      feds do.

       7             And to Senator Sanders' question about what

       8      goes on in other states, you know, we can look at

       9      that as well.

      10             Because, certainly, we don't want to see the

      11      list of certified firms narrowing.

      12             And then the one final point on the impact on

      13      the regional councils, we've heard this around the

      14      state.

      15             We do regional meetings with the regional

      16      councils.  There's a lot of concern about the impact

      17      that this program is having on two fronts.

      18             One, it's pushing the economic impact of the

      19      resources that are being put into the region through

      20      the regional council process out of the region --

      21             SENATOR LITTLE:  Out of the region.

      22             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- when a region has to then

      23      go procure services from a company on the other side

      24      of the state to try to meet the goal.

      25             But the more troubling thing is, that we







                                                                   69
       1      heard in every region, that they have potential

       2      projects, potential companies, that they're talking

       3      to and they're outlining the process.

       4             These goals are being attached as a

       5      requirement for the funding that an entity that is

       6      participating in the regional council process would

       7      get.

       8             So if you're a company looking at doing

       9      something in the North County or in the

      10      Southern Tier, or wherever, and you're getting an

      11      incentive to make doing it, I guess, less

      12      financially disadvantageous for doing it there than

      13      it would otherwise be to make the numbers work; and

      14      you're committing to meet a goal which wasn't

      15      properly set, because it's 30, and you don't know if

      16      you can meet it; and you don't not know at what

      17      price you would have to, you know, add to your

      18      project to meet it; and, if you don't meet it, you

      19      may not get funding, in part or in total; and so

      20      every regional council, they'll say, they have

      21      companies that walk away.

      22             They say, We can't -- we cannot go into that

      23      process with that uncertainty.

      24             SENATOR LITTLE:  That's a major difficulty.

      25             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And the same thing's







                                                                   70
       1      happening with the effort to push this -- these

       2      goals on local governments and school districts.

       3             They've been -- it's already been attached to

       4      local projects, notwithstanding the fact that

       5      there's currently no legal authority to do that.

       6             The 2010 disparity study does not look at the

       7      procurement practices of any local government in

       8      New York.

       9             The Governor proposed legislation to do it in

      10      the budget.  The Legislature rejected it.

      11             It's a weird thing, where you propose

      12      legislation to do something that you were doing

      13      before, and the Legislature rejects it, and you're

      14      still doing it.

      15             I don't understand that.

      16             SENATOR LITTLE:  Thank you.

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Phillips.

      18             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  Two quick questions,

      19      because we have a lot of speakers.

      20             You mentioned this SUNY Canton and

      21      SUNY Long Island analysis.

      22             As an example:  SUNY Canton was 4 percent.

      23      The analysis showed SUNY Long Island was 21 percent.

      24             In your professional opinion, is the analysis

      25      accurate?







                                                                   71
       1             Is it standardized analysis?

       2             Is it accurate?

       3             Does it reflect what we're looking at?

       4             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Yeah -- yes.

       5             I mean, if you look at what -- and if you're

       6      familiar with both those areas, those numbers

       7      probably make sense.

       8             You know, and if you look at what they did,

       9      they actually go through and they break out the

      10      value of each different aspect of the project --

      11      each trade, the materials -- and then they compare

      12      that against the certified firms within a reasonable

      13      area.

      14             So they're not presuming in Canton that

      15      they're going to call folks, you know, in Jamestown

      16      or in Smithtown or in Queens to come up and work on

      17      it.  They're dealing in reality.  And then they're

      18      plugging those numbers in and coming up with a

      19      percentage.

      20             It's the same thing that Stony Brook did.

      21             And this is not novel.  This is how this used

      22      to work, which is why you saw goals all over the

      23      place.

      24             It's also worth noting, on federal projects

      25      where you have DB goals, the goals are generally







                                                                   72
       1      less than 12.

       2             And so you'll have -- you know, you'll have a

       3      DOT lighting on any given day, where there's a

       4      state-funded project at 30.  There's a

       5      federally-funded project which may be the same exact

       6      type of work, which is 9.

       7             So I think the analysis makes a lot of sense.

       8             And that's, again, how it used to be done

       9      before the agencies were told:  Go ahead and do

      10      that.  Just make sure the number's 30.

      11             Which is what that ESD --

      12             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  Is it a standardized form?

      13             MIKE ELMENDORF:  There's different --

      14      different agencies use different forms.

      15             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  Okay.

      16             MIKE ELMENDORF:  We've not had much success

      17      in getting that information from sort of the

      18      mainline agencies, in part, because I don't think

      19      many of them are doing it anymore.

      20             And, again, I understand why.

      21             You know, we've had a little bit more

      22      transparency from some of the SUNY entities, but,

      23      again, you've seen the results still be 30 percent

      24      despite that analysis.

      25             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  And one last question.







                                                                   73
       1             So you mentioned "build capacity" several

       2      times, and I think that's really one of our goals,

       3      is to build capacity.

       4             You mentioned this mentor-protege program.

       5             You mentioned that you had done a seminar

       6      with 30 potential MWBEs, to teach them how to bid.

       7             Are there any other ideas? change?

       8             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Well, we used to do it

       9      before.

      10             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  Yeah.

      11             MIKE ELMENDORF:  New York had a very

      12      successful program that did exactly this, The

      13      Alliance of Majority and Minority Contractors.  And

      14      so we think we need to get back to that.

      15             And we're sort of on a small level, because

      16      we only have the resources that we have, trying to

      17      do that on a pilot basis here with what we're doing

      18      with Schenectady and AMENY and Schenectady Community

      19      College.

      20             But that's something that we'd like to see go

      21      statewide.

      22             We're going to do as much as we can on our

      23      own in the absence of the State, but this needs to

      24      be an issue where the State and the Administration

      25      and Legislature take leadership.







                                                                   74
       1             The Administration has talked about the fact

       2      that there's going to be a mentor-protege program.

       3      That was a few years ago.

       4             We haven't seen it.

       5             We wrote to the Governor, AGC and AMENY,

       6      several years ago, and talked about many of the

       7      issues that I outlined in my testimony as ways to

       8      make this program better.

       9             We haven't seen anything come of that.

      10             But we think that, really, getting back to

      11      mentorship, getting back to building capacity, and

      12      it starts with building workforce.  It starts with

      13      bringing people into the trades, into the industry.

      14             That's where contractors come from.

      15             That's how we're going to grow this industry,

      16      grow diversity, and, frankly, hopefully, in the

      17      future, have less need for goals, because you're

      18      going to have folks out there succeeding in the

      19      industry without them.

      20             SENATOR PHILLIPS:  Thank you.

      21             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Okay.

      22             Senator Serino, and then we'll have

      23      Senator Sanders close, and we'll move on to the next

      24      speaker.

      25             SENATOR SERINO:  Okay.  Thank you.







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       1             And thanks, Mike, for being here.

       2             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Thank you, Senator.

       3             SENATOR SERINO:  I'm very supportive, of

       4      course, of the program.  But I really worry because

       5      of all the constant complaints, just like everyone

       6      else, that our offices are receiving.  And Betty had

       7      mentioned some of them.

       8             The MWB lists are not -- that are published

       9      are not accurate, but the contractors are held to

      10      them.

      11             Certification process.

      12             The inheriting, the son and daughter, I had

      13      that issue happen.  And then they were able to

      14      straighten out what they needed to straighten out,

      15      but were told that they had to appeal the case.

      16             And then when I spoke to somebody at MWBE,

      17      they said, Oh, well, we win 98 percent of our

      18      appeals.

      19             So, right away, you already gave my girl

      20      wrong information.

      21             And then the other thing was the three-year

      22      certification.  I was told that they're, like,

      23      14 months behind.

      24             So, really, you have to tell somebody when

      25      they're a year and a half in, that they -- and







                                                                   76
       1      I don't know if you covered that, I apologize for

       2      being late.

       3             And then another big problem that we have is,

       4      we don't have a point person for, like, a regional

       5      point person.

       6             So right now, our office, for -- somebody is

       7      waiting, I think it's three weeks for a point person

       8      to connect on a denial and a recertification.

       9             So, those are the some of the issues that I'm

      10      having, and I'm sure they're quite similar with my

      11      colleagues.

      12             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And we hear it all over the

      13      state as well.

      14             And it's -- certainly, it's a frustration for

      15      those firms, obviously.

      16             But it's a frustration for us, because,

      17      again, that -- that either bottleneck of people

      18      getting into the program, or people coming off the

      19      program, for reasons that are hard to understand,

      20      makes efforts to be able to meet the goals more

      21      challenging.

      22             But there's other -- you know, there are

      23      other problems with the list too.

      24             There's people on the list that aren't there

      25      anymore.  That -- they're not in business anymore.







                                                                   77
       1             SENATOR SERINO:  Right.

       2             MIKE ELMENDORF:  There are a lot of firms

       3      that are certified to work statewide, that don't

       4      work statewide.

       5             And we've told our members -- because when

       6      they're certified to work statewide, that impacts

       7      capacity.

       8             If you have a masonry subcontractor that says

       9      that they will work anywhere in New York, the person

      10      in any of your districts, when they have a project,

      11      should be calling them.

      12             SENATOR SERINO:  Uh-huh.

      13             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Except, then they say,

      14      I don't go there.  I only work here.

      15             Which I guess makes more sense than doing it

      16      everywhere.

      17             And so we've told our members, when you see

      18      that, tell us, and send to it Empire State

      19      Development.

      20             And we do the same thing, because they should

      21      be cleaning up that list.

      22             We don't see that happen, because that

      23      would -- that would change the capacity calculation,

      24      especially if you're actually setting the goal

      25      correctly.







                                                                   78
       1             So there's a lot that needs to be done there.

       2             I think it's both improving the process, and

       3      I think, clearly, they need -- they need to have

       4      additional resources, or something, because it's

       5      just -- it just becomes a moras over there.

       6             SENATOR SERINO:  And then the other -- the

       7      last thing:

       8             One of my contractors had mentioned this

       9      "60 percent supplier" rule raises the 30 percent

      10      percentage and forces them to only get a 60 percent

      11      value --

      12             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Yeah, that -- so --

      13             SENATOR SERINO:  -- in the comment that he

      14      made.

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  -- and that's -- that is a

      16      big problem.

      17             And that occurred, I think it was two or

      18      three years ago, Empire State Development made a

      19      change in how you can take credit for utilizing a

      20      supplier, and also a big change in the credit you

      21      can take for utilizing a broker, which, by the way,

      22      constitutes most of the certified firms in

      23      construction.

      24             So if you're buying material from a supplier,

      25      and, you know, it's a million dollars, you get







                                                                   79
       1      credit for 60 percent of that million, not the full

       2      million.

       3             SENATOR SERINO:  Right?

       4             MIKE ELMENDORF:  If you are buying something

       5      from a broker, so not somebody that has a yard and

       6      has all the stuff and stocks it; but, rather,

       7      somebody that you call up and you say, I need X, Y,

       8      Z material, they call somebody else, and they get a

       9      number on X, Y, Z material, and then they mark it up

      10      because they're a supplier.

      11             It's legitimate, but now you can only take

      12      credit for their commission, their markup, which may

      13      only be a few percent.

      14             So you have discounted by either 60 percent,

      15      or, in some cases, more than 90 percent, the value

      16      of utilization.  And it's a numbers game.

      17             Utilization is a dollar value on your

      18      contract that you can take credit for for most of

      19      the certified firms.

      20             And when this happened, we -- they talked to

      21      the industry about it.

      22             And we said, Well, I assume you're going to

      23      adjust the goals, then, right, because you have

      24      discounted, dramatically, the ability to claim

      25      utilization.







                                                                   80
       1             And the answer was, no, because -- and it was

       2      really puzzling -- we think -- because there will be

       3      more subcontractors now.

       4             Oh, of course, they'll just appear.  They'll

       5      just magically appear out of, I don't know where.

       6             It -- it -- it has made this much more

       7      troubling.

       8             SENATOR SERINO:  Yes.

       9             MIKE ELMENDORF:  And to your point, when you

      10      look at that map, it has increased the goal.

      11             And then you look at DOT contracts, where

      12      contractors are required to self-perform a certain

      13      percentage of the contract, it makes the -- it makes

      14      the value of that goal even higher because it's a

      15      goal based on the proportion of the work that they

      16      can subcontract out to somebody else, not the whole

      17      contract value.

      18             SENATOR SERINO:  Sure.

      19             Well, thank you; thanks, Mike.

      20             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders, would you

      21      yield to Senator Helming?

      22             SENATOR SANDERS:  Absolutely.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you.

      24             Senator Helming.

      25             SENATOR HELMING:  Thank you.







                                                                   81
       1             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you.

       2             SENATOR HELMING:  Mike, I just want say,

       3      thank you.

       4             You have covered so much material, a lot of

       5      what I've heard about from many of the businesses in

       6      my community.

       7             I just quickly wanted to point out:

       8             We talked a lot about the certification

       9      process:  Just put it out there.

      10             And you know this already, but the

      11      recertification is just as challenging, and it's

      12      just as difficult.

      13             And to me, that's extremely frustrating,

      14      after a company has gone through the certification

      15      process, obtained certification, and then they try

      16      to go for their recert, it's crazy that it takes

      17      forever; you can't get clear answers or guidance.

      18             So I don't want to lose sight of that.

      19             Also, I'm glad that you mentioned local

      20      governments and schools, and the potential impacts

      21      this MWBE program has on those projects.

      22             I know, as a town supervisor, I did a large

      23      sewer project.  And just the impacts of trying to

      24      help our contractor meet the MWBE requirements, and

      25      get those waivers in place, and then being worried







                                                                   82
       1      about, you know, being in compliance with your tax

       2      cap, I mean, there's just a lot of moving parts and

       3      pieces that you have to track.

       4             So anything we could do to simplify that.

       5             Again, I'm just glad you mentioned local

       6      government and schools.

       7             And, also, one of the biggest challenges

       8      I think is that provisional approval.

       9             So I want to thank you for bringing up that

      10      detail.

      11             It's something else that I don't want to lose

      12      sight of, because who in this day and age can afford

      13      to continue on a job under a "provisional" approval?

      14             I mean, you get to the end of a job -- I just

      15      had a company come up to me, and they've thrown in

      16      the towel.  They said, Fine.

      17             They're taking what they can get from

      18      New York State for a job because they had

      19      provisional approval, and at the end, it was almost

      20      a year after the project was completed, the State

      21      came back and said, Well, you didn't meet this

      22      portion of the goal.

      23             So the company is done battling.  They're

      24      just going to eat that cost.

      25             And that should never happen.







                                                                   83
       1             We're here to drive business in New York

       2      State, to help business owners.

       3             So those are just a couple of details I want

       4      to make sure that, as we move along, we continue to

       5      focus on as well.

       6             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Yeah, and, Senator, if

       7      I could, one point on the local piece.

       8             It's not just the cost that would be a

       9      challenge, but it's the control, because under what

      10      was proposed by the Governor, the State would decide

      11      what the goal is on the local project.

      12             And the State would decide, presumably, based

      13      on how they put it out, when a good-faith effort was

      14      made to meet the goal.

      15             So the State would decide when a school

      16      district or local government could proceed with

      17      their procurement.

      18             That clearly doesn't work for local

      19      governments.  It especially doesn't for school

      20      districts who are very schedule-focused on their

      21      capital projects.

      22             And it's just a huge, new unfunded mandate,

      23      it would be, on local governments, and a big shift

      24      in control away from local entities of their own

      25      business.







                                                                   84
       1             SENATOR SERINO:  Thank you.

       2             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders.

       3             SENATOR SANDERS:  Mr. Chair, I would be less

       4      of a political if I didn't take a second to crow.

       5             I've heard the New York City model mentioned

       6      several times in the conversation.  And I -- well,

       7      I -- I have to admit that I'm the father of those in

       8      New York City.  I did Local 01 and Local 0129.

       9             However, there are some differences, very

      10      important differences, here.

      11             I did not do it alone.

      12             Two of the parents of local law -- of the

      13      local laws are sitting in the audience; of course,

      14      Ms. Wilkerson and Mr. Coletti.

      15             Both of these people gave me advice.

      16             Whether I followed all of it is -- we can

      17      argue.

      18             But both -- it was a different process, how

      19      it was done in New York City.

      20             It was more -- the legislature did it more

      21      than the executive branch, so we were able to take

      22      in -- other positions into account.

      23             I did not get every thing that I wanted in

      24      that; however, no one did.

      25             And I guess that's a sign of good government,







                                                                   85
       1      if you wish, where everyone came out of there saying

       2      that they could live with it, that it's better than,

       3      or, whatever.

       4             Now, I would have to also alert you that

       5      I interviewed the top six companies in the nation on

       6      MWBE.  And I chose Mason Tillman because they have

       7      never been overturned in court, by anyone.

       8             Now, you can always -- as a contractor, you

       9      can always turn in a product and the people don't

      10      want to accept it.

      11             That's a different point.

      12             And they may accept it for many different

      13      reasons.

      14             You know, I may decide that I don't like it

      15      because you didn't put my name first, or whatever

      16      the -- whatever the issues are.

      17             So there are reasons why things may be.

      18             But in terms of courts themselves, these guys

      19      have never been overturned.

      20             So to say that a study is flawed and we

      21      should just get rid of it, let's -- let's slow down

      22      there for a moment and look at this.

      23             Now, I'm here for -- for a reason, sir; and

      24      my reason is that I agree with many of the people on

      25      both sides of this, that there are many things that







                                                                   86
       1      need to be improved here.  That this is not the end

       2      of a thing.

       3             And, perhaps, if the Governor had spent a few

       4      more minutes thinking of this or thinking of that,

       5      he might have come up with something better.

       6             And I think that it is our job to find this

       7      "better," and that we should be bold enough to do

       8      it.

       9             And if there is some change in November, the

      10      truth will still to be the truth.

      11             If we are able to come up with what is true,

      12      then regardless of November, December, whatever,

      13      your findings should inform whoever is there.

      14             If -- if we can talk of what is true, then we

      15      should -- we should take this as saying, here is how

      16      we make this program better.

      17             Any of us can -- all of us should immediately

      18      say:

      19             Why does New York State have several forms,

      20      when we should have one form?

      21             Why are we -- why do -- why are we making

      22      people go through all of that?

      23             Why aren't they get paid faster?

      24             Why is there a net worth?

      25             Why are we doing several things?







                                                                   87
       1             Why aren't they getting the resources, so

       2      that -- regional resources, where they don't have

       3      to -- as much as we love New York City, they don't

       4      have to come to New York City?

       5             And I agree with you, if we do this, and we

       6      can't find a way to get the local people working,

       7      wherever these local people are, then we haven't --

       8      then we failed somehow.  We haven't done right.

       9             Now, what these local people look like in

      10      some places, they will be mostly women, and that is

      11      fine.  That's fair.

      12             In other places it may be other things.

      13             The 2017 census of New York State says that

      14      women make up 51.4 percent of the population of

      15      New York State, and so-called "minorities" make up

      16      30.1 percent.

      17             So if a fair society, if this was a fair --

      18      let's imagine that that ends up with, I don't know,

      19      that there's at least 60 percent of the population

      20      of New York State that's either a woman or MWBE,

      21      around 60 percent.

      22             If we were in a fair, just, or neutral, or

      23      whatever, we would expect 60 percent of the

      24      businesses to be run this way.

      25             That we don't have 60 percent of the







                                                                   88
       1      businesses says that there is a problem of one type

       2      or another.

       3             And as long as we realize that -- that bias

       4      exists, racism exists, whatever we want to call it,

       5      as long as we start with that as a premise, then we

       6      can agree with the Supreme Court, a conservative

       7      Supreme Court, they gave you the Croson decision, so

       8      that there is something that we have to deal with.

       9             Because, my brother, Mike, I just didn't get

      10      the feeling from you that there was a problem.

      11             It sounded like everything was neutral, and

      12      the world was just a blank slate, and we all could

      13      have just an even -- an even opportunity.

      14             We're not there yet.

      15             However, let's assume -- I'm going to assume

      16      that you want to get there too.  And that most of

      17      the stuff that you're talking about, I actually --

      18      don't quote me now -- but I actually agree with you.

      19             MIKE ELMENDORF:  (Indiscernible.)

      20                  [Laughter.]

      21             SENATOR SANDERS:  And I have to look at

      22      myself later, but I actually agree with most of the

      23      stuff you're saying.

      24             So saying those things, I'm here to put a

      25      further stamp, saying that the process that you have







                                                                   89
       1      initiated, that you've been bold enough to initiate,

       2      is one that is worthy in New York State, one that

       3      legislators are supposed to do.

       4             This is our job.

       5             And we have to inform the executive branch

       6      that, here, God willing, we get to it, is a better

       7      way, and we have to take what goes with it.

       8             Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

       9             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Again, I think it's all of

      10      our hope that those who were invited today, that

      11      maybe didn't show up, will, in fact, recognize that

      12      this is -- there is a bunch of goodwill here on the

      13      dais, and we want to get to that end.

      14             And as we move forward and we travel the

      15      state, more people will participate on both sides of

      16      the issue.

      17             I think that that will be beneficial to all

      18      of us.

      19             SENATOR SANDERS:  Forgive me to say, that

      20      I spoke to some of those people who did not come.

      21             And, I don't know why -- maybe they're

      22      watching the federal level -- people believe that

      23      they're -- that we are polarized, and, therefore,

      24      they wouldn't get a fair hearing.

      25             I'm telling them that we are going to.  This







                                                                   90
       1      will be a fair place for them to come.

       2             So, you may not see them the first time, but

       3      you will start seeing them come in.

       4             I thank you for that, sir.

       5             SENATOR AKSHAR:  And we appreciate your work

       6      on that.

       7             Mike, thank you very much.

       8             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Thank you.

       9             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Go ahead, Mike.  You have

      10      something to say?

      11             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I hope not.

      12                  [Laughter.]

      13             MIKE ELMENDORF:  I bet you all do too.

      14                  [Laughter.]

      15             MIKE ELMENDORF:  Thank you.

      16             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you very much; we

      17      appreciate you.

      18             We'll call Sandra Wilkin and Renee Sacks from

      19      the Women Builders Council, please.

      20             Okay.  Sandra and Renee, if you want to

      21      consolidate your testimony, rather than read it;

      22      whatever you'd like to do, we're here to listen.

      23             RENEE SACKS:  Okay.

      24             We did have -- let me introduce myself for a

      25      moment, and then Sandra Wilkin.







                                                                   91
       1             And I -- we will consolidate.

       2             We did prepare testimony for you, which you

       3      have copies of.  And we will depart from that a bit,

       4      and we'll try to make, being respectful of your time

       5      today, an efficient -- efficient comments.

       6             So, good morning, Senator Boyle and

       7      Senator Akshar and members of the Senate Committees

       8      on Economic Development and Labor.

       9             My name is Renee Sacks.  I'm executive

      10      director of the Women Builders Council.

      11             And this morning I'm representing WBC board

      12      who comprise many of the top corporate executive

      13      women in the construction industry, as well as

      14      leading women-owned construction contractors and

      15      subcontractors.

      16             So our focus is construction.

      17             I'm also president of Sacks Communications,

      18      which is not a construction company.  I'm a WBE, and

      19      I've been in business for over 33 years.

      20             Let me just add something, and depart from

      21      our testimony for a moment, about Women Builders

      22      Council.

      23             Women Builders Council was formed in 2004.

      24      It started with a group of six women, solely WBEs,

      25      who understood that they were not getting government







                                                                   92
       1      work.

       2             Sandra Wilkin is one of them, and Sandra will

       3      precede (sic) my comments.

       4             And they organized to form WBC.  And WBC has

       5      grown to have several hundred members, a large

       6      board, and it also represents both sides of the

       7      table.

       8             So it represents both heads -- not heads,

       9      sorry.  We're working on that.

      10             It's leading women in the construction

      11      industry, many of whom are also on the boards of the

      12      BTA, the Subcontractor Trade Association, the

      13      New York Electrical Contractors Association, and

      14      other prime contractor associations.

      15             So WBC is a bit bifurcated, and we respect

      16      our board's -- our board's thinking on the issue of

      17      MWB goal setting and participation, and how we

      18      advance women.

      19             This -- last year WBC initiated a new program

      20      called "We for She."

      21             And I tell you about that because, as our

      22      colleague before, Mike Elmendorf, said -- or, talked

      23      about it, and I think Senator Sanders mentioned it,

      24      men are -- are -- if you look at all the boards of

      25      all of the major construction corporations, not only







                                                                   93
       1      in New York State, but internationally, but more so

       2      in the United States, you will find them to all be

       3      White men.

       4             And so the women that are on our board are

       5      the women that are breaking those glass ceilings,

       6      just the way the new chairman of the -- of

       7      Wall Street is now a woman who started as an intern.

       8             Our women are breaking those glass ceilings.

       9             Last week we held an event, that two major

      10      construction firms, I'll mention them,

      11      Tishman Construction and AECOM, held to attract over

      12      300 young women working, with three different

      13      universities: City University, Columbia University,

      14      Manhattan College, and I believe Pratt, four.

      15             We attracted 300 young women who are looking

      16      at moving into the field of construction, who are in

      17      the engineering schools, who are in other areas of

      18      the university.

      19             So WBC, just in short, is an unusual group,

      20      because it does look at the issues of MWB

      21      development and growth -- of small-business growth,

      22      because many of the companies that our board works

      23      with are hired by them.

      24             So they too understand the challenges of

      25      getting the right contractors and subcontractors and







                                                                   94
       1      subconsultants and architects and engineers on the

       2      projects.

       3             Our board represents many of the mega

       4      projects that are going on in New York today:  The

       5      Javits Center, Lendlease-Turner.

       6             Some of those companies are the women members

       7      of those companies, the leading women-member

       8      companies, who are rising through the ranks on our

       9      board.

      10             So I want you to understand WBC.

      11             So we take a consensus and a collaborative

      12      approach to looking at the MWB program.

      13             Let me say one other thing that's not in my

      14      remarks.

      15             I'm a WBE.  I've been a WBE since I first

      16      understood there were WBEs.  Being in business for

      17      33 years is quite a long time.

      18             I came out of the university and I started my

      19      business.

      20             I continued to learn more and more about the

      21      construction -- construction -- construction

      22      industry, and how MWBEs can fairly and equitably

      23      participate.

      24             But I will tell you, also, although the focus

      25      of today seems to be only on construction, because







                                                                   95
       1      that is the largest economic driver in New York

       2      State, I urge to you consider the other areas, such

       3      as communications.

       4             Information technology, which is now growing

       5      as a result of many of the agencies' leadership, in

       6      terms of developing types of contracts that can take

       7      IT companies and help them grow.  It is one of the

       8      fastest-growing groups of MWB areas that has

       9      emerged, thanks to the Office of General Services,

      10      and thanks to the universities, SUNY and CUNY, who

      11      are now making contracts available to other smaller

      12      companies, because it's really hard to compete with

      13      Dell and Apple and IBM.

      14             So if you're a small company, you need to get

      15      a foothold with equal opportunity.

      16             Let me try to go to my remarks in the

      17      efficient -- or, more efficient.

      18             So it's very fitting that you, really

      19      representing economic development and labor, are

      20      looking at the best way to create a strong pipeline

      21      of opportunities for small and locally-based

      22      businesses to do business with New York State.

      23             And that's what this is about.

      24             Senator Sanders, you said something before:

      25      It's often a good time to take a breath and look at







                                                                   96
       1      where we are.

       2             So, I looked at some facts.

       3             I think you looked at some of the same facts

       4      I looked at, but, I just want to talk about New York

       5      for a minute.

       6             2.1 million small businesses make up

       7      90 percent of all of New York businesses.

       8             2.1 million.

       9             We only have, I think, about 8,000 certified

      10      MWB firms.

      11             More than 2 million small businesses in

      12      New York, which is 7.2 percent of the national

      13      total, are in every region, community, and

      14      neighborhood of the state, making New York a great

      15      place to live and operate a small business.

      16             In 2016 there was 31.9 percent increase in

      17      minority ownership of small businesses.

      18             Senator Sanders, you alluded to that fact

      19      before.

      20             And that's an important distinction:  The

      21      face of small business is changing.

      22             Women and minorities are coming to the fore

      23      because our demographic is changing, not in every

      24      part of the state, but it's beginning to change as

      25      we move our infrastructure north.







                                                                   97
       1             Job creation is growing upstate, and, in

       2      certain mid-state counties, even more than in

       3      New York City and Long Island.

       4             I hope we haven't lost Senator Boyle, because

       5      that transformation of job creation in the northern

       6      part, in the western part, in the Southern Tier, is

       7      making a change.

       8             I included in my written comments a tiny map,

       9      which you probably can't read, but I can -- we can

      10      send you to the source of that information, and you

      11      can see, that even in the area of New York and

      12      Long Island, there's change occurring throughout the

      13      state in areas that we hadn't anticipated.

      14             And what is happening in New York State is

      15      really part of the economic development plan that

      16      has been fueled by you in your districts.

      17             You probably know the economic development

      18      numbers of your counties, so don't get upset with me

      19      because I did a quick study.

      20             I pulled the certified companies that are

      21      available in some of your counties to see what the

      22      numbers looked like.

      23             And, Senator Little, that hundred and --

      24             SENATOR LITTLE:  No, I have two economic

      25      regions.







                                                                   98
       1             RENEE SACKS:  I know.

       2             I combined yours, you'll see on the next

       3      page.

       4             SENATOR LITTLE:  I can see it.  And --

       5             RENEE SACKS:  Yeah.

       6             No, and I apologize if I didn't catch all of

       7      it.

       8             The intent of the capturing of this data was

       9      to really look at these areas and see what you have.

      10             As Senator Sanders said, take a breath and

      11      see where you are.

      12             There's a cry -- a hue and cry from many of

      13      the prime contractors, many of those members are on

      14      our board, that there is not enough capacity.

      15             If you look, you find.

      16             And you can find if you -- if you do do the

      17      proper outreach and vetting, which is part of the

      18      process.

      19             And the criticisms of the ESD directory, I've

      20      gone through them.

      21             I can tell you I've searched, for example,

      22      for electrical trades, for a large project.

      23             I went through the directory.

      24             I called, my office and I called, and I can

      25      say I personally called, as part of an outreach







                                                                   99
       1      effort, we called over 600 electrical contractors.

       2             Very hard to find electrical contractors who

       3      wanted to bid on the work, because they feel if they

       4      bid on the work, they're never going to get the

       5      work.

       6             Some of them are capable.

       7             Some of them were union contractors,

       8      I indicated before.

       9             I also represent, do not represent them here,

      10      the New York Electrical Contractors Association.

      11      I have done that for a decade.

      12             There is almost 28 percent of the New York

      13      electrical contractors, union electrical

      14      contractors, the large contractors, a third of them

      15      are smaller MWBE union contractors.

      16             And that number seems to be growing in the

      17      other subcontracting associations.

      18             I put together some numbers -- so,

      19      Senator Boyle, thank you for returning -- and

      20      I looked at the number of certified companies that

      21      exist in your area, and the kind of work that's

      22      occurring, and Long Island is a perfect area.

      23             I know that your district may be more

      24      contained, but there's over a thousand certified

      25      MWBE contractors, just construction.







                                                                   100
       1             We're not looking, and you mentioned, someone

       2      asked before, will food services do it?

       3             Yeah, it will do it, because on a project,

       4      for example, like the Long Island Railroad, we

       5      recently did an outreach last year for the

       6      Long Island Railroad, and attracted over

       7      1100 companies who were interested in doing

       8      business.

       9             They didn't come from Detroit.

      10             They came from Long Island, they came from

      11      New York, they came from -- some came from the

      12      Mid-Hudson Region, because they were looking at an

      13      opportunity that was going to be a number of years

      14      that could give them an opportunity to grow their

      15      business.

      16             You grow your business, and I'm a small

      17      company with 10 people, one project at a time.

      18             And part of what I do, is I also represent

      19      Women Builders Council.  It's part of my portfolio

      20      of work.

      21             So you have projects like LaGuardia Airport

      22      redevelopment, and we could talk at length about

      23      that.

      24             Skanska is on our board.

      25             Skanska is on my colleague's boards.







                                                                   101
       1             There are issues in how you find MWBEs and

       2      the kind of work that you give them.

       3             The new Kennedy Airport, MacArthur Airport,

       4      the multi-billion-dollar Long Island road expansion,

       5      and also the additional millions of dollars that are

       6      going to downtown redevelopment, just in

       7      Long Island.

       8             And what actually excited me, and I should

       9      know more, so I always say, and those who know me,

      10      I always say, "I'm your biggest dummy."

      11             If I don't know it, I bet there's a lot of

      12      other people who don't know what I don't know.

      13             And so as I began to look -- and this was

      14      done just in a few hours, I began to look at the

      15      other areas of New York State.

      16             And I should know better, and I wish I had

      17      the time as a small business, really, to search out

      18      what is going on.

      19             But I looked at your economic-development

      20      plans that emerged from the regional economic

      21      development councils that were initiated by

      22      Governor Cuomo, and they were very exciting.

      23             And I know that my colleague earlier

      24      mentioned the fact that, you know, you have funding

      25      from the federal government.







                                                                   102
       1             By the way, I'm a DBE.  I got certified as a

       2      DBE.  And once upon a time, I did it just to see

       3      what the certification process was like.

       4             It's quite laborious.

       5             I got a contract.

       6             Immediately following by certification,

       7      someone called me, and I got quite a nice contract

       8      to do outreach for a DBE project.

       9             So, I looked at the MWBEs, and I also

      10      looked at the projects that you had in your

      11      economic-development plans, which you are intimately

      12      familiar with.  Correct?

      13             Yes?

      14             Okay.

      15             Because I wasn't.

      16             I know some of them.

      17             Some of them are smaller.

      18             Not all of them are mega projects.

      19             Some of them are smaller projects, but

      20      they're good, solid projects.

      21             They also require workforce components.

      22             They require the hiring of minority and women

      23      in many of the transportation projects.

      24             And that is a big, big push.

      25             There's a big drawback throughout New York







                                                                   103
       1      State on the apprenticeship programs that will allow

       2      women and minorities.

       3             And I know, as you traverse and go through

       4      the state, you're going to be looking at workforce

       5      development and ways that new jobs can be created.

       6             But there are people who need jobs.  There

       7      are people who would travel hundreds of miles to

       8      take some of the jobs that are on some of the major

       9      roads throughout New York State.

      10             And the contractors that are doing those jobs

      11      are the ones that are responsible for finding

      12      MWBEs, who will also hire these minorities,

      13      because sometimes you hire what you look like.

      14             But, for women, some of the jobs are more

      15      challenging because they're in transportation.

      16             So, Senator Akshar, in the Southern Tier,

      17      I only found 147 certified MWBEs.  And that was

      18      just pulling down what was in the directory.

      19             But you had close to $70 million in --

      20      awarded for 83 projects.  So it sounds like those

      21      are smaller projects if we do the division.

      22             And the Southern Tier's Soaring was the work

      23      that I looked at briefly, and it seems to be taking

      24      off.

      25             You would know better than I.







                                                                   104
       1             Senator Ritchie --

       2             SENATOR AKSHAR:  It's not Soaring.

       3             RENEE SACKS:  It's not Soaring.

       4             I know, it's PR.

       5             Why is -- I can't ask you why it's not

       6      Soaring, but maybe we can have that discussion.

       7             It's not Soaring for MWBs.

       8             Is that what you meant?

       9             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Collect --

      10             RENEE SACKS:  Or it's not Soaring overall?

      11             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Yeah, collectively.

      12             I'll let you continue.

      13             RENEE SACKS:  Collectively.  Okay.

      14             So I tried to look at who was here, because

      15      what prompted my focus this morning for these

      16      comments was the fact that there was a bill that

      17      said that you were going to cap goals, if

      18      I understood the bill properly, based on the

      19      availability of MWBs in an area.

      20             And when you cap a goal, when you tap -- when

      21      you cap the goal based on whatever data you happen

      22      to have at whatever time you happen to have it, you

      23      close the door on opportunities.

      24             I know that sounds very idealistic, but it's

      25      very true.







                                                                   105
       1             When a door opens up to opportunity --

       2             And if we had time, I could tell you the

       3      story of my company, but I won't.

       4             -- you really cap the ability to hire more

       5      people and get more revenue.

       6             And so when you say that small companies

       7      sometimes don't have capacity because they may not

       8      have enough people, if you give them a project and

       9      you can finance them properly, and I think both the

      10      State is looking to do that through their loan

      11      program.

      12             I will talk a bit later about the MTA

      13      small-business mentor program, small-business

      14      development program, which is really taking the lead

      15      in terms of developing contractors with capacity.

      16             And I don't mean to steal Michael Garner's

      17      thunder on that.

      18             I worked for Michael, and the program there

      19      is really exemplary nationally, and for the state,

      20      in terms of developing jobs.

      21             But when you look at the fact that, in

      22      North County and in Central New York, you have --

      23      you have 475 certified MWBE contractors.

      24             They need to be vetted, and I recognize that.

      25             Senators Little and Amedore, in the capital







                                                                   106
       1      district and the region, there are 585 certified

       2      MWBEs, and you had 85 million for 110 projects.

       3             Senators Murphy and Serino, there were

       4      836 certified MWBE contractors in the Mid-Hudson

       5      Region, and 585 certified MWBE construction

       6      contractors in the capital district.  That's over

       7      84.8 million awarded for 113 projects in 2017, based

       8      on your economic-development data.

       9             And, Senator Helming, there were

      10      944 certified contractors, MWBE construction

      11      contractors, when I combined everything.

      12             Where are you?

      13             There you are.

      14             And there were $217 million awarded for

      15      289 projects.

      16             And so the point of this was not to be

      17      accurate to the dollar or to the number of MWBEs,

      18      although that is based on the ESD directory.

      19             It was to note that there are MWB firms that

      20      employ others in your area, in your region, that

      21      are, hopefully, taking advantage of the contracts.

      22             So when someone says there's no capacity and

      23      there's no MWBEs, it's a really easy thing to say,

      24      they're not there.

      25             But you do have to call, you do have to find







                                                                   107
       1      them.

       2             If no one forced you to find them, you

       3      wouldn't.

       4             I'm a WBE.  I have MWBE goals on my

       5      contracts.  When I get a contract, I self-perform,

       6      and I must find MW -- MBEs to participate, so

       7      I look and I interview.

       8             My contracts are not multi-million, and

       9      I give that to you as an example.  They're small.

      10      They could be 50,000, they could be a hundred, they

      11      could be 200,000.

      12             They average around there.

      13             I have to share 15 percent with an MBE.  And

      14      when I train them, I sometimes find that they do an

      15      equally better job than some of my team.  And I have

      16      a really good resource that's even more

      17      cost-effective, and they're hiring people to do the

      18      work.

      19             So it does trickle down in that -- in that --

      20      in that -- in that example.

      21             So the project numbers speak for themselves

      22      in terms of economic-development opportunities that

      23      have been created in your districts and the

      24      neighboring communities, because everyone says there

      25      isn't enough work, but there is.







                                                                   108
       1             And I'm just going to go through this a

       2      little faster.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  And then we could hear from

       4      Ms. Wilkin?

       5             RENEE SACKS:  Yes.  I will stop talking.

       6             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you.

       7             RENEE SACKS:  No problem.

       8             I really do want you to understand, though,

       9      that my comments were focused on the fact that

      10      you're looking at capping goals by base -- by --

      11      based on availability, which has not been defined

      12      properly.

      13             And so the disparity study, and I'm going to

      14      just add that, and then I will -- if you'll permit

      15      me, I will go to the next -- to Sandra, the

      16      diversity -- I'm sorry -- the disparity study that

      17      you mentioned, that you say you should redo again.

      18             So for those of you who are familiar with

      19      statistical analysis, statistical analysis is

      20      somewhat redundant.  It repeats itself.  It gives

      21      you predictive models that will happen over and over

      22      again.

      23             Today New York City is announcing a disparity

      24      study.

      25             I don't know all the results of it.







                                                                   109
       1             I did have a call with them last evening, and

       2      I asked them, did it look like it was similar to

       3      New York State?

       4             Because the same population, many of those

       5      MWBEs in New York City and New York State, are

       6      being -- are being evaluated and looked at.

       7             And they said yes.

       8             And so I urge you to look at that before you

       9      jump into another disparity study to find the same

      10      data that you will continue to find.

      11             With that, I will introduce Sandra Wilkin,

      12      who's president of Bradford Construction, a

      13      certified women-business enterprise since 1992, with

      14      over 25 years of construction -- of managing

      15      construction projects.

      16             Sandra was co-founder of the Women Builders

      17      Council, and she's a member of the Governor's MWBE

      18      team.

      19             She's a trustee for the City University of

      20      New York, and one of the state's most passionate

      21      advocates for MWBs, and a respected member of our

      22      construction community and Women Builders Council.

      23             Sandra.

      24             SANDRA WILKIN:  Thank you, Renee.

      25             And thank you, Senators and Chair people.







                                                                   110
       1             Just by way of what Renee had mentioned, as

       2      far as an economic agenda for New York State, and

       3      address what we all need to consider as how you

       4      decide to shape and advance the current New York

       5      State MWBE programs over the next several years,

       6      just as a point:  We all need to work together.

       7             MWBE firms are willing, able, and available

       8      to participate in public procurement.

       9             The current MWBE programs give businesses an

      10      opportunity to enter the market where access was

      11      limited or didn't exist at all.

      12             Our current disparity study demonstrates

      13      there is capacity.  Although it may appear uneven

      14      throughout the state, it can be supported to grow

      15      and thrive.

      16             Your decision to reauthorize Article 15-A,

      17      and refine and advance its power within New York

      18      State, hold the fate of families, business owners,

      19      and communities you represent.

      20             And, yes, today we have a great opportunity

      21      to work together to create, in our case, a strong

      22      construction industry, and one that builds capacity

      23      and profitability for the participating companies,

      24      large and small, and a better New York for everyone.

      25             We want to encourage the Article 15-A to be,







                                                                   111
       1      at best, another five years, to work together, for

       2      best practices in our industry, and to keep the

       3      economic-development force for New York State.

       4             And we do need to grow small businesses in

       5      New York State.

       6             And during this business with government, it

       7      is truly, as we know, a very complex matter of both

       8      public and private sectors, but big business has

       9      learned the ropes.

      10             Now it's time to pass the ropes to smaller,

      11      locally-based, and diverse businesses who can grow

      12      with experience and opportunity.

      13             One key area that was discussed is "how to."

      14             And we have known throughout the years in

      15      being a WBE and providing technical assistance,

      16      having mentor programs within the various agencies

      17      is something that would be very, very helpful,

      18      especially the technical assistance in learning how

      19      to do work, especially in pre-apprentice programs;

      20      to consider support, with both community colleges

      21      and the students who want to become next-generation

      22      construction-industry business enterprises.

      23             And that, in fact, that the legislation does

      24      allow us to grow -- excuse me -- the new businesses.

      25      And it is also to undertake great responsibilities







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       1      for direction with New York State, and most

       2      successful, with MWBE programs.

       3             Just to highlight, I've been with

       4      Senator Sanders, both on -- at the city council

       5      level when we embarked on our very, very first

       6      disparity study for New York City.

       7             It wasn't perfect, but it really started the

       8      opportunities that weren't out there.

       9             One of the efforts that were done, with an

      10      unintended consequence, was having a million-dollar

      11      cap, because the thought was, at the time, these are

      12      small firms, and the cap would be sufficient in

      13      terms of them doing business.

      14             It turned out to be a deterrent, and

      15      businesses were turned away.

      16             At that time, unfortunately, there were no

      17      goals for women.  There were zero goals for

      18      women-business enterprises.

      19             And it took the Senator here, then with the

      20      city council, and many of the associations in

      21      New York, to realize that we had to change the

      22      legislation that was there.

      23             We converted that to Local Law 1.

      24             As a result of that, we now have, in New York

      25      City, and in New York under 15-A, probably the most







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       1      comprehensive and the most competitive MWBE program

       2      around the country.

       3             It still needs -- it's work; it still needs

       4      to be tooled and to be built up.

       5             But to suggest that the program, in effect,

       6      is not working would be difficult to say in the eyes

       7      of the economic development for many, many of the

       8      women-owned businesses and minority-owned businesses

       9      throughout the country.

      10             And to suggest that we, together, and the

      11      Senators here, we can figure out how best to move

      12      the programs forward, it's something that probably

      13      excites a lot of people in the state, in the sense

      14      of the economic improvement that we can make in so

      15      many people's lives.

      16             And to get access and opportunity is just not

      17      easy as a woman-owned business.

      18             I've been doing it for over 25 years, and

      19      realize the impediments that you face, whether it's

      20      trying to get a bank loan, trying to get insurance,

      21      making sure that the firms that are in the program

      22      are women and minority businesses.

      23             That's an issue in itself.

      24             So it's a matter of us all coming together to

      25      find out how best to move this forward.







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       1             Thank you.

       2             SENATOR RITCHIE:  I've got some questions.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Ritchie.

       4             SENATOR RITCHIE:  First a comment, and then a

       5      couple questions.

       6             The comment about the disparity study, and,

       7      you know, I understand that some may be more

       8      accepting of what came from the disparity study.

       9             I'm not saying for me that I wouldn't be.

      10             The issue is, the data was asked for, so we

      11      could actually see how the results were tabulated.

      12      And we haven't gotten any of the data.

      13             So it's kind of hard for me to buy into the

      14      disparity study when we can't look at how the

      15      results were come up with.

      16             So if -- if, you know, you have any influence

      17      on making that data to come out to support your

      18      feelings on the disparity study, that would be

      19      helpful for me.

      20             Can you just tell me, do you have any members

      21      in -- in your membership that are located in the

      22      North County?

      23             RENEE SACKS:  No.

      24             But we've gotten inquiries from several --

      25      two or three companies that have reached out to







                                                                   115
       1      Women Builders Council that are women.

       2             We also have spoken to women up -- I'm not

       3      sure if they're in the North County or not, but

       4      they're outside of the Mid-Hudson Region, the lower

       5      New York region, where most of our members are from,

       6      because the organization is not a large

       7      organization, and it's a self-funded organization.

       8             So the kinds of questions that we're getting

       9      from some of the companies there were related to

      10      personal net worth.  And there was concern, also, if

      11      personal net worth were removed, if the cap were

      12      removed, that they would have no opportunity to bid

      13      on projects because they would be too small.

      14             So we do have a sampling of some of that, and

      15      WBC does have a position on personal net worth.

      16             Originally, we had looked at it, and some of

      17      our board members said, let's remove it.

      18             We recognize now that personal net worth does

      19      need to be in place.  It needs to be realistic,

      20      though, across different markets, based on other

      21      factors.

      22             So a construction company's personal net

      23      worth may need to be higher than a communications

      24      company, or other types of companies that are in a

      25      particular market sector, in order to compete.







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       1             Because of factors, which I'm sure you're

       2      aware of, based on ability to secure a loan, that's

       3      based on your revenue and ability to secure bonding,

       4      which they look at your revenue, but they're looking

       5      at other things.

       6             And so the personal net worth issue is one

       7      that we feel we're flexible on, and needs to be

       8      looked at.

       9             We do think that the 3.9 million, I think

      10      it's gone up now with the cost-of-index inflation,

      11      is really too low.

      12             And the fact that it would be set by ESD, our

      13      board also manifested some question:  Well, what

      14      factors would you use to determine that?

      15             One of our other board members, Amy Criss

      16      from 84 Lumber, and I don't mean to steal her

      17      thunder, is here, and will talk to that a bit later.

      18             And she has an excellent suggestion for

      19      allowing companies that may have graduated out of

      20      the program to actually become mentor and supporters

      21      of smaller companies, and make that regulated so

      22      that it's not just arbitrary.

      23             It's not hundreds of companies.

      24             Many of the companies that are graduated, or

      25      are getting ready to graduate out of the program,







                                                                   117
       1      because of personal net worth, are doing so just at

       2      the -- it's a tipping point.

       3             If they actually graduate, they may be out of

       4      business if they graduate.

       5             So that's a problem, in construction in

       6      particular.

       7             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Okay.  That was one of my

       8      questions, because you did mention that one of your

       9      members was working on The Javits Center.

      10             RENEE SACKS:  Uh, yes, yes.

      11             SENATOR RITCHIE:  And I was just wondering

      12      how they were able to participate in that kind of

      13      project without getting into the net worth issue.

      14             RENEE SACKS:  Well, that's interesting that

      15      you ask.

      16             So The Javits Center is a joint venture of

      17      Lendlease-Turner, two of our board members.  One

      18      comes from Lendlease, one from Turner Construction

      19      Company.  And they have done extensive outreach to

      20      find MWBs.

      21             Other board members are participating with

      22      contracts.  One could be a finishing contract, or,

      23      wall and ceiling, and they're getting contracts.

      24             So in construction, construction is --

      25             And I don't want to speak to construction.







                                                                   118
       1             Sandra, you probably should.

       2             -- it's profitable, but it's not as

       3      profitable as you think.  Because of the time that

       4      it takes to get paid and have cash flow flow through

       5      a company, it doesn't necessarily end up in your

       6      bank, in your personal bank, and increase your

       7      personal net worth.  And it's about how companies

       8      are also characterizing themselves.

       9             So while I can't speak to that specifically,

      10      the companies that are getting contracts throughout

      11      the large mega projects, the LaGuardia

      12      development, are not suddenly jumping out in

      13      personal net worth.

      14             The money is remaining in the business, and

      15      so it doesn't impact their personal net worth.

      16             And a smart business person can negotiate

      17      that so that they remain within the program.

      18             Sandra.

      19             SANDRA WILKIN:  In -- in particular, you see

      20      firms throughout New York, depending on where the

      21      project is -- in particular, you mentioned

      22      The Javits Center -- there should be firms, and we

      23      should encourage throughout New York State, to see

      24      that there are minority- and women-owned firms to be

      25      able to have the opportunity to bid on that.







                                                                   119
       1             And as a result of these large projects, they

       2      should go out to other areas of the state, and make

       3      sure that these firms are one -- or, have the

       4      ability to do the work.

       5             And that brings us to growing and -- growing

       6      the capacity of the firms, and to be able to have

       7      access to bonding, access to being able to have the

       8      kind of labor that they would need for those -- for

       9      those projects.

      10             It is out there.

      11             And once again, it is to encourage women, in

      12      our case, for women builders, to grow women builders

      13      throughout New York State.

      14             SENATOR RITCHIE:  So I'm certainly supportive

      15      of growing women builders.

      16             But, once again, we're back to talking about

      17      going out to other areas.

      18             And I know you made a comment earlier that --

      19      that there was a lot of work in the North County

      20      from what you have in your testimony here?

      21             RENEE SACKS:  Well, there is work there.

      22             There's also transportation work.

      23             So what I simply looked at was what available

      24      to me quickly.  And I looked at your

      25      economic-development forecast for the regional







                                                                   120
       1      economic development council.

       2             There are other projects that the New York

       3      State Department of Transportation is doing in that

       4      area.  And for those projects, it's often hard to

       5      locate MWBs to participate in them.

       6             But the MWBs are there.

       7             The question is:  The contractor raises a

       8      hand and says, "I can't find them."

       9             I know that for a fact, because they also

      10      raise their hand and say they can't find minority

      11      and women to be part of the workforce.

      12             And because many of those projects are

      13      federally funded, there are requirements to have

      14      minority and women, there are certain numbers.

      15             New York State Department of Transportation

      16      has made very aggressive efforts, they're trying

      17      very hard.

      18             And so I will -- and I don't mean to be rude

      19      at all, but, I called a local union for an

      20      apprentice job, because I wanted to do that in

      21      New York State, in Upstate New York.

      22             I don't recall the exact area.  It was one of

      23      the regions that I was looking at in terms their

      24      apprentice program for a study that I was doing.

      25             And I called, and no one answered the phone.







                                                                   121
       1             And there was a posting on the department of

       2      labor website that gave you five days for the

       3      posting of availability.

       4             Apprentice -- five apprentices were

       5      available.

       6             So there's really not an easy the way to

       7      access an opportunity to grow.

       8             One of the things WBC has recommended is

       9      pre-apprenticeship programs, to be able to fuel

      10      new -- new -- new talent into the industry, because,

      11      over the next decade, there isn't a pipeline to new

      12      talent.

      13             Women are one piece of it, and we're doing

      14      that through Women Builders Council.  But it doesn't

      15      seem to be happening elsewhere.

      16             The union, unions are working hard in the

      17      apprentice programs.  They've opened their doors

      18      wider to those that are different to minority and

      19      women, but there's only a handful of women in all of

      20      those apprentice programs.

      21             There are few in the carpenters, but they're

      22      very few.

      23             There's a few in the electrical industry, but

      24      they're few elsewhere.

      25             It is an industry that needs a rebranding so







                                                                   122
       1      that people will come into the industry.

       2             But the State can develop community college

       3      programs, high school programs, pre-apprentice

       4      training programs, and begin to educate a new -- a

       5      new pipeline of labor to get in there.

       6             And what happens to labor?

       7             If you're really good at what you do, you end

       8      up starting your company.

       9             And if you start a company, then you begin to

      10      grow if you get projects, if you get a small

      11      project.

      12             No one can hand you a large project and

      13      expect a small company to do it.

      14             So the projects need to be right-sized.

      15             And I will say that -- and I mentioned the

      16      MTA because the MTA has over 400 companies -- the

      17      program is now in its eighth year, and the program

      18      has graduated some people out of it.

      19             These companies are now getting contracts.

      20             They're construction companies.

      21             They weren't in transportation.

      22             They've learned the transportation industry.

      23             They learned how to do business with the

      24      agency.

      25             And that's complicated.







                                                                   123
       1             Doing business with the MTA is very, very

       2      complicated, the forms.

       3             I continue to learn about it.

       4             It's very, very difficult.

       5             So the forms need to be managed.

       6             Documentation needs to be managed.

       7             Rules need to be followed.

       8             Safety needs to be followed.

       9             And so these smaller companies need, what

      10      Sandra spoke about before, a mentoring program, or a

      11      mentoring system, that could help small companies.

      12             I mentioned before --

      13             And I know you're looking at the time.  I'm

      14      sorry.  I'm very sensitive to that.

      15             -- that it's very hard to find a capable

      16      company.

      17             I look at some of the construction companies

      18      that I work with.  Some of them have really grown

      19      immeasurably over the last several years because of

      20      the training provided by certain agencies, and,

      21      also, the potential training that could be provided

      22      by companies, by subcontractors and contractors, who

      23      could have mentor-protege programs within their --

      24      within their portfolio; however, they're not

      25      permitted to.







                                                                   124
       1             Construction is very complicated.

       2             There's something called "commercially useful

       3      function," and that is, you cannot help an MWB do

       4      something that they should do by themselves.  You

       5      cannot provide that assistance.

       6             And as a result of it, there are historical

       7      practices that impede MWBEs succeeding on a job.

       8             I will give an example from our president who

       9      could not be here today, Deborah Bradley.

      10             She was on the Tappan Zee Bridge project.

      11      She needed a crane.

      12             There was a crane on the project.

      13             She could not rent the crane.  She could not

      14      borrow the crane.

      15             She had to lease her own crane, bring the

      16      crane in for a day, endure the cost, pass the cost

      17      along to the State, because that -- it was a -- you

      18      know, it was a government project, and have the

      19      crane.

      20             And that particular example on commercially

      21      useful function, and I'm not the right person to

      22      know all the intricacies, our board members do,

      23      needs to be looked at.

      24             So mentor-protege programs which are, from

      25      the federal level, approved through a special







                                                                   125
       1      agreement.  DBE provides for that.  A disadvantaged

       2      business enterprise can have that mentor-protege

       3      program.  You have a written arrangement between the

       4      mentor and the mentee.

       5             That does not exist in New York State.

       6             And so many of the larger companies can't

       7      even help the smaller MWBs.

       8             And this runs across -- it gets complicated.

       9             It runs across many of the different industry

      10      areas; for example, construction management.

      11             If I'm a construction manager and I'm an

      12      MWBE, I really can't use your computers and your

      13      drawings at your site, because I would be -- I would

      14      be getting assistance from you.

      15             And that is one of the -- right, that is one

      16      of the issues?

      17             SANDRA WILKIN:  Well, it's one of the --

      18      right.

      19             RENEE SACKS:  It's one of the issues that

      20      some of the companies are dealing with, so they

      21      don't compromise commercially useful function, which

      22      is legally sanctionable.

      23             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Okay.  So that might adding

      24      into one of the other issues we're having in the

      25      North County, because the list is not updated, and







                                                                   126
       1      when contractors are out trying to find businesses

       2      to qualify, many of them, they're not in business

       3      anymore.

       4             And for some of them, one instance, it was a

       5      state project, where they had to find somebody.  And

       6      they ended up with an asbestos company because that

       7      was the only one that qualified.

       8             And, apparently, they had talked to many

       9      people who had dealt with this company, and were

      10      told that they aren't going to be able to finish the

      11      job.

      12             And that's exactly what happened to a

      13      detriment of the State project.

      14             So, you know, I appreciate the fact that you

      15      talked about vetting them, and that there needs to

      16      be an apprenticeship program.

      17             And maybe that's what we should be looking

      18      at, ways to allow the small companies in my area to

      19      have the expertise coming in, because many, I think,

      20      that are on the list that you looked at are not

      21      operational, can't handle the job, so it's kind of

      22      skewing the numbers a little bit.

      23             RENEE SACKS:  No, I understand that.

      24             But if you don't create a focus of

      25      opportunity in your area, where you are providing







                                                                   127
       1      technical assistance, where you are providing job

       2      opportunities, if I was a construction company,

       3      maybe in the North County, and I couldn't get any

       4      work, I would begin to do other things.

       5             And that has happened.

       6             When I reached out to 500 electrical

       7      contractors in New York, from the directory, that

       8      were located in New York City, and some were located

       9      outside, I took them out because I didn't think they

      10      traveled to work on that particular project, I found

      11      that many of them didn't want to even try.  And

      12      many -- there were some that didn't update their

      13      profiles in the ESD directory.

      14             Let me say something to the defense of ESD,

      15      through something called "The New York State

      16      Contract Reporter."

      17             And The New York State Contract Reporter

      18      e-mails me all the time, so I assume they e-mail

      19      the other MWBs that are in that directory, to update

      20      their address, their profile.  They do it annually,

      21      and I do it.

      22             Yes, it's complicated.

      23             I have to go in and do it.

      24             I have to remember my password and my user

      25      ID, and I have to go back in, and it's different.







                                                                   128
       1      The user ID and password isn't the same for

       2      everything else I'm doing with ESD.

       3             It is a complicated system.

       4             But without some complexity, and without some

       5      rigor and control, you really don't have anything.

       6             Then you have shell companies trying to

       7      become involved in government procurement.

       8             And so we've gone from, where once I went to

       9      Washington and someone said "five companies build

      10      the world," and they do, because many of the

      11      companies that we're even talking about are owned by

      12      other companies that are internationally based.

      13             And now we have smaller companies that are

      14      actually becoming successes.  They're becoming

      15      five-, ten-, fifteen-, twenty-million-dollar firms

      16      in the construction industry.

      17             Not always in the other industries, but in

      18      the construction industry, they are growing, they

      19      are hiring hundreds of people.  And they have an

      20      opportunity to grow, and also to train others.

      21             I don't know how to respond to you when you

      22      don't have availability in a particular area.

      23             Then you need to look at the problem of:

      24             How do you great create that availability?

      25             How do you create those programs?







                                                                   129
       1             And how do you get companies?

       2             Companies will go where there's

       3      opportunities.

       4             I'm New York-based.  I also work on

       5      Long Island.

       6             Will I go to Westchester?  Yes.

       7             I've been asked to go to Baltimore.

       8             I've been asked to go to New Jersey.

       9             Need bandwidth to do that.

      10             And so, as a small company, I run a business

      11      and I make payroll.  And I'm giving that you side of

      12      me because I think it's important for you to

      13      consider that.

      14             Companies, if they have an opportunity, will

      15      grow.

      16             If you cut the opportunity, there is no place

      17      for them to grow, and they will just redirect

      18      inward, take private work if they can compete.

      19             Let me say one last thing that was in my

      20      testimony.  I didn't think I read it.

      21             The companies that are now public -- working

      22      for public works in the -- in -- primarily, in the

      23      union area, if that work dried up, it would be very

      24      difficult for those companies to continue tomorrow.

      25      They wouldn't have work if those government







                                                                   130
       1      contracts weren't there.

       2             And so the government procurement is very,

       3      very important for creating new companies.  Those

       4      companies are going on and growing to do private

       5      work.

       6             I hope I answered your question, but I know

       7      it's a dilemma.

       8             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Thank you.

       9             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Ms. Sacks, when you -- you

      10      spoke several times about cap; we're trying to cap

      11      the amount of MWBEs.

      12             What did you mean specifically?

      13             RENEE SACKS:  Specifically that, if you

      14      develop goals.

      15             So if you develop a goal, and you say there's

      16      only a 10 percent goal in an area because, based on

      17      availability, there's only -- I don't know -- I'm

      18      not sure what we're basing any cap, any limit, on a

      19      goal.

      20             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Who's trying --

      21             RENEE SACKS:  So --

      22             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Who's trying to cap it,

      23      though?

      24             RENEE SACKS:  I thought that that was part of

      25      one of the bills that had been circulated.







                                                                   131
       1             If that is my error, I could look --

       2             SANDRA WILKIN:  When we talk -- no.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  I'm sorry?

       4             SANDRA WILKIN:  Just to inform you on the

       5      cap, we talked about a cap, as an example, with the

       6      Local Law 129 with New York City.

       7             It was -- it's the -- one of the requirements

       8      were that the contracts were under a million

       9      dollars.

      10             Therefore, in order to make the goal, you

      11      would only be allowed, as a -- to provide for goals

      12      for contracts that were under a million dollars.

      13             That re -- when the City realized that

      14      that was an impediment to growing companies in --

      15      six years later, they then changed it where there is

      16      no cap for the projects.

      17             So you can bid on any contract with --

      18      depending on your abilities, obviously.

      19             Here, I think that New York State does not

      20      have a cap for those, which is an important thing to

      21      note.

      22             But the sense of having only limit the

      23      MWBEs to a specific region, perhaps, to us, it

      24      seemed very similar, going down and having that same

      25      kind of concept, or methodology, in saying, well,







                                                                   132
       1      you can limit the firms only to do business as an

       2      M/WBE within your region, let's say.  And that would

       3      limiting if a firm has an ability to do work in

       4      another county, or a nearby county.

       5             So to the whole purpose of these programs is

       6      to grow the businesses.  And in order to do that,

       7      the opportunities have to exist in measurable

       8      points, in that they're within New York State,

       9      because of the services that one can have, rather

      10      than just limit it to a specific region of that

      11      locality.

      12             RENEE SACKS:  I was referring to one of the

      13      bills, and I'm not remembering a number that had

      14      been -- there have been a flurry of bills.

      15             And so one of the bills indicated that the

      16      goal would be capped based on availability for a

      17      particular project or area.

      18             Am I correct on that?

      19             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Yes, so I just want to make

      20      it clear that the piece of legislation that

      21      Senator Sanders and I debated a couple of weeks ago

      22      was not -- we weren't capping movement or

      23      restricting movement for one to work.

      24             We were simply saying, the Governor's come up

      25      with this arbitrator number of 30.  Right?  This is







                                                                   133
       1      something that we discussed.

       2             We're all talking about growing capacity.

       3             What I was arguing in the legislation was

       4      that, based on -- based on the capacity of that

       5      region, that's what we should -- that's what we

       6      should be using.

       7             Now, as I said to Senator Sanders during our

       8      discussion, if it was 14 percent, and we really

       9      wanted to get to 30, maybe ESD would do a better job

      10      of growing capacity in certifying MWBEs so we

      11      could get to that number.

      12             So, I certainly wasn't trying to restrict --

      13             RENEE SACKS:  Yeah, no, no.  No.

      14             And so I hope I didn't misunderstand, but the

      15      fact, when every -- what Sandra was talking about,

      16      when they put that million-dollar goal --

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Yeah.

      18             RENEE SACKS:  -- nobody could -- no White

      19      woman could participate in those projects.  So it

      20      ruled them out completely for -- for over -- from

      21      2004, to --

      22             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Yeah.

      23             RENEE SACKS:  -- to 2013.

      24             For many, many years, so White women did not

      25      participate in that.







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       1             However, what -- when you put a goal, what

       2      does the goal really mean?

       3             The majority company, if they're given an

       4      opportunity not to meet a higher goal, will meet the

       5      lower goal.

       6             It's a question of the creativity of the

       7      company to find and -- and serve to support smaller

       8      companies in that -- in that particular project.

       9             And that's really the argument.

      10             So the argument is, sharing, and greed, and

      11      whether or not you can actually develop a program

      12      that can get good companies on your team.

      13             Many of the companies will find new

      14      subcontractors.

      15             But our programs now all use -- by the way,

      16      and I think we should check this with some of the

      17      construction representatives that are here today --

      18      use a trickle-down theory.

      19             So if you are a construction manager, you

      20      hire subcontractors, and your subcontractors are

      21      often responsible for finding the MWBEs.

      22             And so that trickle-down creates even yet a

      23      different problem, because that's -- as you look at

      24      the process of payment, that also trickles down.

      25             And so the MWBEs, some of them do want to







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       1      work for subcontractors, they're subcontractors

       2      themselves.  Some of them don't.

       3             One of the things that's going on in New York

       4      State, which I think is important to mention before

       5      we conclude, is that, prime contractors, small prime

       6      contracts for smaller companies, would really begin

       7      to be an essential way to develop capacity.

       8             So if you give a small construction

       9      contractor a 100,000- or 200,000-dollar contract --

      10             And we have that now, we have discretionary

      11      awards.  Some of them are up to 200,000.  The MTA is

      12      up to 400,000.  I know there's been discussion of

      13      increasing it.

      14             -- those smaller contracts allow you to build

      15      your own capacity, to be responsible to a government

      16      agency.

      17             So it means doing more work.

      18             It means breaking some of the contracts

      19      apart, looking at it.

      20             And one last thought:

      21             SUNY, and I don't know if CUNY does this, but

      22      SUNY I know does this, they use an algorithm to

      23      determine available capacity.

      24             And then the Governor came in with his goals.

      25             And SUNY, I believe, is succeeding in meeting







                                                                   136
       1      its goals, as some of the other agencies are as

       2      well, in terms of what's available to them.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Of course, when you take

       4      direction from the Governor, you probably should.

       5             Let me end on this, because we have a lot of

       6      speakers, and I'm not trying to be rude.

       7             You said that to me.

       8             This description of all the good things

       9      happening in the state, right, Southern Tier

      10      Soaring, and everything else, you talked about the

      11      regional economic development councils.

      12             And I say this with respect, the six bullet

      13      points that you have here do not -- it doesn't

      14      reflect reality --

      15             RENEE SACKS:  No.

      16             SENATOR AKSHAR:  -- right, in the

      17      Southern Tier or in the North County or the

      18      Finger Lakes.

      19             And you talked about the regional economic

      20      development councils being exciting, right, in that

      21      those councils were going to drive the economy.

      22             Right?  You said that?

      23             RENEE SACKS:  They're not.

      24             SENATOR AKSHAR:  They're not.

      25             And they were exciting, up until the point







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       1      that the Governor stepped on the throat of all of

       2      the local people who were putting forth really

       3      exciting projects, people who understood their

       4      community.  Right?

       5             Until he took that ability away, and made all

       6      the decisions here in Albany by a bunch of

       7      bureaucrats sitting at the 30,000-foot level, it

       8      became unexciting.

       9             RENEE SACKS:  And that is not something

      10      I knew or understood.

      11             So I, respectfully (indiscernible).

      12             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Right.  Okay.

      13             Yeah, of course.

      14             I really appreciate your testimony, and look

      15      forward to carrying on the conversation.

      16             Everybody good on the dais?

      17             SENATOR SERINO:  Can I ask a question?

      18             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Sure.

      19             SENATOR SERINO:  Thanks for being here.

      20             And it sounds like your experiences are so

      21      different from the Upstate New York.

      22             And so, in the city, if there are women

      23      that -- like you say, they expanded the Women's

      24      Business (sic) Council, and there are women from

      25      Upstate New York.







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       1             And if they belong to the Women's

       2      Business (sic) Council, if they try to do the MWBE,

       3      are they going through the City process, like,

       4      rather than --

       5             RENEE SACKS:  Okay.  So the City -- the City

       6      has a certification process and the State has a

       7      certification process.

       8             SENATOR SERINO:  Right.

       9             RENEE SACKS:  There are different --

      10      different processes within that.

      11             And the State is a little bit more rigorous

      12      in terms of site visits.

      13             SANDRA WILKIN:  (Inaudible.)

      14             RENEE SACKS:  Okay.

      15             So you're aware of that.

      16             But is that your question?

      17             SENATOR SERINO:  Yeah, I was just wondering

      18      if there are women-owned businesses, Upstate

      19      New York, would they go through -- even if they

      20      belonged to your council, would they go through your

      21      process because they're under your council --

      22             RENEE SACKS:  We don't have -- I'm sorry.

      23             We don't have a certification process.

      24             SENATOR SERINO:  Okay -- no, I mean, because

      25      they belong to the Women's (sic) --







                                                                   139
       1             RENEE SACKS:  Builders Council.

       2             SENATOR SERINO:  -- Builders Council, going

       3      through the process that the City does, because it's

       4      not as rigorous as upstate --

       5             RENEE SACKS:  It's simply a downloadable

       6      application that they can complete.

       7             There is not, normally, a site visit, but

       8      there are triggers there too, and controls that the

       9      City has put in place, to make sure that they're not

      10      getting shell companies or scam companies; that

      11      they're getting valid MWBE firms.

      12             SANDRA WILKIN:  There is -- there is a --

      13      currently, a memo of understanding, to a certain

      14      extent, to fast-track the firms that are certified

      15      with the State of New York in order to become

      16      certified with the City.

      17             And there is one, obviously, also with the

      18      City, where firms that are certified with the

      19      City of New York, that can do business with the

      20      State.

      21             And we're all looking at, obviously, making

      22      the certifications throughout New York State, and

      23      with the different agencies, much more of the

      24      ability of being able to streamline them would be

      25      very helpful too.







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       1             But the -- what -- being in this business for

       2      as long as I have, what I see is, with the large

       3      lens, is that there is an increase, one, in the

       4      certification of both on local levels and in the

       5      state, and, also, the ability to do this work,

       6      and -- and women wanting to come into the industry,

       7      which is very encouraging to want to do it, and to

       8      find a mechanism with which to be able to do

       9      business with the State of New York that's here --

      10             RENEE SACKS:  There is a --

      11             SANDRA WILKIN:  -- and having all of those

      12      doors being able to be opened.

      13             And it's -- and, quite honestly, as difficult

      14      as this is, because New York is very complex, it's a

      15      good and thrilling opportunity to see that.

      16             And the encouraging feeling with the Senate,

      17      that, truly, the State and -- wants to encourage

      18      minority- and women-owned businesses to participate

      19      in the businesses.

      20             SENATOR SERINO:  And I absolutely love the

      21      concept, but it's just interesting to me, because

      22      listening to people that call my offices, and

      23      I think it's such a disparity between upstate and

      24      downstate, that it's a huge issue.

      25             Like, you guys love it.  But then we get the







                                                                   141
       1      people that are calling and complaining constantly

       2      how the system doesn't work.

       3             So it's, just, I guess we have to find that

       4      balance where we can make it work.

       5             SANDRA WILKIN:  And I do have an opportunity

       6      to travel the state, and I do see that.

       7             And I think it's up to all of us to realize

       8      that we have to encourage the other women businesses

       9      around the state to be able to -- one, to become

      10      certified, and to have the opportunity of doing

      11      business and to be able to grow it.

      12             And I know, on behalf of Women Builders and

      13      our executive director, Renee, and our board

      14      members, we would love the opportunity to make sure

      15      that we transfer the state, and be able to see other

      16      women to be able to support them, because when we

      17      started out, it was very, very lonely.

      18             And being a women business, you know, some of

      19      the things haven't quite changed yet.  And we're

      20      hoping that does, and we can continue having more

      21      and more memberships throughout New York State,

      22      especially upstate.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders is going to

      24      close.

      25             SENATOR SANDERS:  I think I can; therefore







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       1      I can't.

       2             I can attest that New York City is different,

       3      but it didn't start out that way.

       4             It was changed by the people themselves, and

       5      two of the people are sitting right before you.

       6      They're being very kind, but they were very

       7      ferocious and -- as advocates to change things.

       8             And it took some of us legislators -- at that

       9      time I was one of them -- time.  But they were

      10      ferocious in changing our minds, and I would argue

      11      for the better.

      12             My last point that I wanted to point, and

      13      this is an important one:

      14             I would say, typically, when a disparity

      15      study is done, the group that does the disparity

      16      study is hired to defend the study.

      17             Makes sense.

      18             You did it, you both know it better than

      19      anybody else.

      20             Defend it.

      21             The Empire State did it different.  We did

      22      not hire the group to defend the study, so they

      23      don't have a voice.

      24             And there's an African saying that says, "The

      25      man who is not there is always guilty."







                                                                   143
       1             So we don't have someone to defend this

       2      study, if you wish, so we're going to hear things.

       3             And -- well, having said that, thank you for

       4      doing what you're doing.

       5             And thank you, Mr. Chair.

       6             SENATOR AKSHAR:  I would invite Mason Tillman

       7      anytime they wanted to come --

       8             SENATOR SANDERS:  Yes.

       9             SENATOR AKSHAR:  -- and provide testimony, to

      10      give us that testimony.

      11             Ladies, thank you so much.

      12             RENEE SACKS:  Thank you.

      13             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Johnny, you're up next, from

      14      The Business Council.

      15             So I'm going to be the bearer of bad news

      16      now, because we've gone very long with the first

      17      couple of people providing testimony.

      18             Maybe we could limit it 10, 15 minutes --

      19             JOHN EVERS:  Sure.

      20             SENATOR AKSHAR:  -- for the rest of the

      21      group, just so we can keep it moving.

      22             JOHN EVERS:  No problem.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Otherwise, (indiscernible)

      24      for a week.

      25             JOHN EVERS:  No, I said that to my good







                                                                   144
       1      friends Brian Sampson and Mike Elmendorf.

       2             I don't want to just say "ditto," but I'm

       3      before Sampson and after Elmendorf.

       4             But --

       5             SENATOR AKSHAR:  If you could just talk into

       6      the mic for me, just so that the rest of the

       7      audience can hear.

       8             JOHN EVERS:  Certainly.

       9             Good morning.

      10             I'm John Evers.  I'm director of government

      11      affairs for The Businesses Council of New York

      12      State.

      13             We represent about 2400 businesses, employ

      14      1.2 million employees.

      15             Additionally, within The Business Council, we

      16      operate the New York State Construction Industry

      17      Council.

      18             Senator Akshar has addressed it.  Many of you

      19      are aware of it.

      20             It's comprised of the state's leading

      21      construction material, and supply heavy highway and

      22      cement companies, engineering, and architectural

      23      firms, and construction-related trade associations;

      24      about 475 members.

      25             I want to thank the Senate and the Chairs,







                                                                   145
       1      collectively, for having this forum to discuss the

       2      MWBE.

       3             I think the first thing I have to do is to

       4      emphasize that The Business Council has a strong and

       5      long history of supporting the MWBE program and

       6      Article 15-A, the executive law.

       7             I want to thank the Senate also for extending

       8      the program until December 31, 2019.

       9             As a starting point, it's essential to

      10      recognize that the primary purpose of the state's

      11      MWBE program is to address any historical

      12      discrimination and result in disparities in the

      13      awarding of state contracts.

      14             It is indeed a laudable one, but this cannot

      15      occur in a vacuum.

      16             Under the U.S. Supreme Court's 1989 decision,

      17      City of Richmond versus J.A. Croson Company, the

      18      Court determined that the state and local

      19      governments engaging in such programs must base them

      20      on facts as ascertained by those studies.

      21             When disparities are identified, they are

      22      then addressed by programs that both proscribe

      23      remedies and take into account current capacity --

      24      and I'm going to use "capacity" a lot today --

      25      within the MWBE sectors.







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       1             Goals established in the aftermath of a

       2      disparity study must be crafted to address issues

       3      found in particular markets, with an ultimate goal

       4      of decreasing any disparities with particular

       5      industries in regard for public procurement.

       6             Now, that's pretty simple.

       7             For example:  In 2010, and this was mentioned

       8      earlier, 22.7 percent of public construction

       9      contracts, and 24.53 percent of all

      10      construction-related contracts, were targeted in the

      11      executive law.  And that's a combination of both

      12      minority and women contracts.

      13             I am certain that many legislator have heard

      14      concerns regarding the Executive's mandated

      15      30 percent goals in state contracts and the lack of

      16      data to support the significantly increased

      17      participation target.

      18             As a staff member responsible for

      19      construction issues at The Business Council, I can

      20      attest the industry's concerns regarding this

      21      application of the executive law.

      22             I would urge your Committees, and this is in

      23      some of the testimonies today, to look closely at

      24      the Executive Law, Section 313, and Section 5 of the

      25      New York Consolidated Rules and Regulations,







                                                                   147
       1      142.2(D).

       2             It just outlines it.

       3             That's one of our major complaints about

       4      this.

       5             That is the law that should be followed.

       6             All must be considered by statute in setting

       7      participation targets.

       8             Since these factors seem to have been

       9      ignored, determining a blanket statewide mandatory

      10      goal of 30 percent of contracts, it seems New York

      11      State is not following the key sections of the

      12      executive law, amended after the 2010 disparity

      13      study, such as industry; again, capacity;

      14      percentages articulated in the law based on the

      15      disparity study, and paramount to any goal in the

      16      Croson case.

      17             That is the basis for these studies.

      18             That is the basis for these programs.

      19             In the 2016 study made several questionable

      20      claims.

      21             Notably, that 53.05 percent of prime

      22      contractors and 53.48 percent of subcontractors are

      23      MWBE firms.

      24             But we have found that when these goals were

      25      set for 30 percent, and our contractors came to us







                                                                   148
       1      time and again, increasing -- asking for an increase

       2      in waivers, it didn't make any logical sense.

       3             I would love to know, that if this was the

       4      universe identified in this study, which was almost

       5      put into state law, why would there be need any room

       6      for waivers?

       7             It just doesn't follow mathematically.

       8             Now, there are many questions that need to be

       9      answered by the Legislature when it comes to

      10      renewing 15-A of the executive law.

      11             Now, we have been supportive of industry

      12      efforts to generate additional information, and

      13      I laud the Senate for asking for additional data.

      14             For example:  When AGC of New York began its

      15      attempt to find data upon which various state

      16      agencies have been basing their MWBE goals,

      17      ultimately leading to a filing of an Article 78

      18      lawsuit, The Business Council filed an amicus.

      19             The results of that litigation showed little

      20      study has gone into agency-specific goal settings.

      21             And I won't repeat what Mr. Elmendorf said.

      22             We wanted the results as well.

      23             Turns out they're not forthcoming.

      24             To that end, we applaud the Senate for not

      25      accepting the Executive's draft proposal for a 15-A,







                                                                   149
       1      including the acceptance of the 2016 disparity

       2      study.

       3             If that had been made law, this would have

       4      changed the program almost unidentifiably.

       5             It would then spread to locals without local

       6      studies, creating a 10 percent bid preference in the

       7      law, investing ESD with broad new powers, rather

       8      than improving some of the performance right now ESD

       9      has for certification/recertification, which seems

      10      to keep coming up.

      11             Just a couple of points of we would suggest

      12      to this Committee and to the Senate, and the

      13      Legislature overall, and the Executive:

      14             Increase the W -- or, MWBE capacity as

      15      needed.

      16             I've been doing construction for The Business

      17      Council and other entities now for about 20 years.

      18             When it comes to the MWBE capacity, that is

      19      the goal:  To have a healthy, vibrant industry that

      20      can make these goals, ultimately, as Mr. Elmendorf

      21      says, where this will then merge the capacity out

      22      there with the need out there.

      23             We have been adamant when it comes to

      24      workforce development, and we would urge that some

      25      of the workforce-development money that was set







                                                                   150
       1      aside in this year's budget be targeted towards that

       2      kind of capacity.

       3             I wouldn't -- I'd be remiss if I didn't add

       4      some of the other impediments.  And this kind came

       5      up earlier, and, hopefully, will come up later today

       6      as well.

       7             This is a holistic approach when it comes to

       8      construction.

       9             Some of the impediments for the entrance into

      10      the construction world are some of the very laws we

      11      have on the books.  And I've been in many of your

      12      offices discussing these.

      13             The scaffold law:

      14             We all know that the impact of that has on

      15      the coverage, if you can soon get it with the

      16      dwindling insurance markets covering this.

      17             I guarantee you that's an impediment for

      18      entrance into the market.

      19             Apprenticeship requirements:

      20             We just heard the last speaker talk about

      21      apprenticeship requirements.

      22             And, also, the mandatory PLA agreements.

      23             How are these small companies going to get

      24      into the markets with all of these major impediments

      25      in their way?







                                                                   151
       1             And, lastly, as I mentioned earlier, ESD.

       2             If ESD is going to run this program, then the

       3      certifications need to be done faster, the

       4      recertifications need to be done faster.  Websites'

       5      lists, (indiscernible) that information, all that

       6      needs to be updated and approved.

       7             If our contractors are coming to the State of

       8      New York, asking for help, they should get help

       9      right away, and a lot of this falls on ESD.

      10             In the budget there was discussion of

      11      improving ESD's performance.

      12             I would say that there's one key thing right

      13      now that can be done when it comes to the MWBE:  If

      14      they're going to administer the program, then they

      15      need the resources to do it.

      16             And I've kind of hyphenated this, and I know

      17      I've given you the testimony in advance, but I think

      18      there's a very big opportunity here.

      19             This is a very all-encompassing program.  You

      20      have a year to do it.

      21             We signed on to the industry letter that

      22      Mr. Elmendorf talked about, where we needed -- we

      23      had 30 industry partners saying, do the study.

      24             Appropriate $2 million, do it again.

      25             Take that study, fold it into the program,







                                                                   152
       1      and renew it.

       2             The program's not going away.  You've given

       3      some breathing room here.

       4             But it's your opportunity to make sure that

       5      this works; that the law is followed, that the

       6      proper studies are made, and that this disparity

       7      study is not questioned.  That it is taken, like it

       8      was in 2010, to fold it into the law to improve the

       9      State's procurement process when it comes to MWBEs.

      10             Thank you, Senators.

      11             I will entertain any questions.

      12             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Little.

      13             SENATOR LITTLE:  Thank you.

      14             Thank you, John.

      15             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Little.

      16             SENATOR LITTLE:  Thank you.

      17             And thank you, John.

      18             You know, several years ago I was appointed

      19      to the task force on the minority- and women-owned

      20      business, and there were many agencies on that task

      21      force, there were a couple of legislators; just

      22      people involved, and certainly people from the

      23      Governor's Office as well, and we haven't met in

      24      probably two years right now.

      25             Do you think that would be helpful to get







                                                                   153
       1      this task force going again?

       2             JOHN EVERS:  Certainly.

       3             Any input on moving the ball down the field,

       4      an old football term, would be helped.

       5             And these are helpful.

       6             During the budget, we met with

       7      Senator Sanders on this.

       8             He hosted a meeting just down the hall here,

       9      three hours to discuss this.

      10             But I do think having the executive involved,

      11      rather than just having it once a year when it came

      12      to the budget, would be appropriate.

      13             SENATOR LITTLE:  Right.

      14             And I think, also, that with all the agencies

      15      involved, as well as the minority- and women-owned

      16      business division of ESD, we would get the resources

      17      that we needed, because I think everyone's pointing

      18      out that there isn't enough staff to help get these

      19      certifications fast enough.

      20             And the other question I have is, on the

      21      recertification, a three-year window doesn't seem

      22      long enough because the paperwork is so difficult.

      23             They have to be in business for a year as a

      24      minority- and women-owned business before they can

      25      apply.







                                                                   154
       1             It takes another year and a half, sometimes

       2      two years, to get certified.

       3             And then, before you know it, they're getting

       4      hit again with a verification, recertification

       5      process, and more paperwork.

       6             What would you think would be a more

       7      appropriate time period?

       8             JOHN EVERS:  Well, I've heard from our

       9      members that the certif -- to get into the program

      10      is very difficult.  And I've heard as high as 14 to

      11      18 months for recertification.

      12             I think the input of Empire State Development

      13      on how this is currently operating would be a must.

      14             They could probably tell you, rather than me

      15      telling you anecdotally, saying that they need to

      16      have some help in streamlining this, and maybe more

      17      staff.

      18             I would love to know what they say about it.

      19             SENATOR LITTLE:  Well, you get a driver's

      20      license and it lasts for eight years, but that's

      21      probably too long.

      22             But I would think something better than three

      23      years would be appropriate.

      24             JOHN EVERS:  These are, by and large,

      25      I imagine, with the capital needed to start these







                                                                   155
       1      companies to keep them going, that I would venture

       2      that it would be longer than three years.

       3             SENATOR LITTLE:  Okay.  Thank you.

       4             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders.

       5             SENATOR SANDERS:  Well, it's good to see you,

       6      sir.

       7             JOHN EVERS:  Thank you, sir.

       8             SENATOR SANDERS:  Let me start of with an

       9      agreement.

      10             I bet you didn't expect that.

      11             JOHN EVERS:  No, absolutely.

      12             SENATOR SANDERS:  Let me start with an

      13      agreement.

      14             I think that -- that one of -- the fastest

      15      way to make an improvement on this project, on this

      16      program, is to put adequate staffing to ESDC;

      17      adequate staffing, triple the staff, whatever is

      18      needed.

      19             Now, even the Governor saw this when his

      20      budget proposal said that they would have five

      21      additional employees.

      22             I don't -- you know, none of us have studied

      23      it to know if that's enough, but, just my gut

      24      feeling is, it's way under what is needed.

      25             We should -- if I had my way, we'd have five







                                                                   156
       1      for each region, or something of that nature.

       2             We do need to -- it -- it should not take --

       3      for -- this is the day and age of computers.  We

       4      should not have something taking month after month

       5      after month, which should take -- whatever's taking

       6      14 months should take around 4 months, at best, or

       7      something of that nature.

       8             We do need to do things there.

       9             Now, we and several groups had the

      10      pleasure -- well, I had the pleasure of meeting with

      11      them, and we wrestled for three hours or more -- it

      12      did seem like five -- and -- but when I -- when

      13      I left it, I didn't feel the goodwill that I -- I --

      14      I was looking for, because, at the end of it, it

      15      turned into an all-or-nothing.

      16             And I said to these groups:  What are the

      17      things that we all can go to the Executive and say,

      18      We need change?  What are the minimum amount of

      19      things?

      20             And the group consensus was:  No, we want

      21      everything or nothing.

      22             And maybe that's how things are done in

      23      different worlds, but in the world of government,

      24      usually, that's not the case.

      25             I implore you to -- to join what I believe is







                                                                   157
       1      an effort that's going to say:  Here are some of the

       2      things that can be changed immediately, here are

       3      some of the things that we need to change in the

       4      next six months, and et cetera, and not take an

       5      all-or-nothing approach.

       6             I -- if were you there directly, I'm sure you

       7      wouldn't have done that.  But, that group, we came

       8      out with all or nothing, and it ended those things.

       9             All-or-nothing usually ends up, somebody's

      10      got to win and somebody's got to lose, and you can't

      11      be bipartisan if you want everyone -- all losses

      12      will go over here and all wins will go over here,

      13      I guess, part of the reason we end up in these flip

      14      positions, I would argue.

      15             Any disparity study, any study, can be

      16      challenged.  That's just the nature of a study;

      17      anytime you write anything, it can be challenged.

      18             Any study can be challenged.

      19             I saw a capacity study that's making its

      20      rounds.

      21             If we ever sit down and look at

      22      Thomas Bolton -- Professor Boston's study, we're

      23      going to have challenges to that study.

      24             Any study can be challenged.

      25             The thing is, does a study meet with the







                                                                   158
       1      truth? as you were speaking earlier, Chair --

       2      Chairs.

       3             Even -- you presented things.  Does it meet

       4      with the truth in the area that you are?

       5             If it doesn't, then, you know -- then we've

       6      got to look at more than simply words on paper.

       7             We're going to have to look at what's going

       8      on on the ground.

       9             I look forward to continuing to work with

      10      you, and others, to really wrestle with something,

      11      and something that should be -- it shouldn't matter

      12      whether you're a Democrat or a Republican, if it's

      13      the truth.

      14             There are no democratic truths.  There are no

      15      Republican truths.

      16             There's a truth.

      17             Who champions it?

      18             Well, who gets there first.

      19             Looks like you did this time.

      20             Let's -- let's catch up.

      21             Thank you very much, sir.

      22             Thank you.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, Senator Sanders.

      24             John, always a pleasure to be in your

      25      company.







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       1             Thank you for the testimony today.

       2             JOHN EVERS:  Thank you, Senator.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Ms. Richardson and

       4      Ms. Farber.

       5             DENISE RICHARDSON:  Good morning.

       6             Thank you for inviting me to speak today.

       7             In the interest of time, I'm going to really

       8      truncate my testimony.  I'm going start off by

       9      offering some comments on some of the questions that

      10      have been asked.

      11             To Senator Little, I think a five-year window

      12      on recertification is appropriate, and here's why

      13      I think five works.

      14             Many times, a business who is signed up for a

      15      subcontract will find that the time in which they

      16      plan to perform the work will move as the projects

      17      need move.

      18             So you will find a situation where someone is

      19      looking to be recertified.  They have a portfolio of

      20      work on the books that they haven't performed yet,

      21      and it falls within that window time of them being

      22      certified, making their new certification inaccurate

      23      because it doesn't reflect current work that they

      24      are scheduled to perform.

      25             So a five-year window would open up that







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       1      opportunity for recertification, and I think would

       2      eliminate some of the inaccurate information.

       3             The other thing, in terms of ESD, I'm going

       4      to differ from my colleagues.

       5             I do not think that the issue is that ESD

       6      needs more staff.

       7             I think the issue is that the process needs

       8      to be fundamentally changed, and I'm going to

       9      address it specifically from some examples that

      10      I have seen from women-owned businesses.

      11             It's almost a no-win situation.

      12             If you come from the industry, but you

      13      haven't specifically performed the work; in other

      14      words, you are, you know, a paving contractor, but

      15      you yourself have never been behind the paving

      16      machine doing the paving work, the decision will be

      17      made that your company cannot perform a commercially

      18      useful function.

      19             There are thousands of corporate executives

      20      around the country that run very successful

      21      businesses that never actually performed the work.

      22             I'm sure that Jeff Bezos has never worked in

      23      Amazon, packing boxes.

      24             That's just an example.

      25             And so my point is, is that, then, on the







                                                                   161
       1      flip side to that, you have a woman who has come up

       2      through the ranks in the business, but because her

       3      business includes other family members --

       4             And I want to point out that most

       5      construction, and construction in particular, most

       6      of the businesses are family-owned businesses.  For

       7      the GCA in particular, 97 percent of our members are

       8      family-owned businesses.  But people focus on our

       9      six members who are large publicly-traded

      10      corporations and think that's what the GCA is.  And

      11      that's not true.

      12             -- and so when ESD looks at fam -- a

      13      woman-owned business that has family members, the

      14      immediate assumption is, well, the family members

      15      are controlling the business and not the woman.

      16             I'll leave my comments right there.

      17             And so I think one of the things that needs

      18      to happen in terms of the initial certification

      19      process and the recertification process, is that the

      20      process needs to be decentralized.

      21             And I'm going to recommend, in fact, that the

      22      agencies that do the contracting become more

      23      involved in the certification process because they

      24      know their agency requirements.

      25             And some will argue firms get certified







                                                                   162
       1      across multiple agencies, and that's true.

       2             But at the same time, OGS, SUNY, they know

       3      what their building contractors need to do to

       4      successfully perform the work.

       5             DOT knows what its contractors need to have

       6      in terms of capitalization and business expertise

       7      and equipment in order to successfully perform their

       8      portfolio of work.

       9             Right now the whole process is centralized in

      10      ESD, and there's not adequate communication between

      11      ESD and the agencies about what companies do, and

      12      what they need to do to successfully perform.

      13             Also, to address the regional issue that many

      14      of you face, by tapping into the resources in your

      15      agency regional offices, they know the vendor

      16      community in that region, and they can help with the

      17      outreach as to why successful firms in the private

      18      market in your region are choosing not to be

      19      certified, or finding problems with the

      20      certification process.

      21             And you should be using your agency regional

      22      offices as more of a resource in this area than is

      23      currently being used.

      24             The other thing that I want to talk about

      25      briefly is, one of the big barriers for small







                                                                   163
       1      businesses of any demographic, and for MWBE firms as

       2      well, is the contract process itself.

       3             There has not been enough of a focus within

       4      state government to look at the contract terms and

       5      tailor those contract terms to the size of the

       6      project.

       7             The terms and conditions for the

       8      Second Avenue Subway project needed to be a lot

       9      different.  There was a lot more risk, a lot more

      10      liability, many more issues, than they need to be on

      11      replacing a stairway at a subway station; and yet

      12      the contract terms are the same.

      13             The payment process is incredibly onerous.

      14             And when you talk to a lot of MWBE firms that

      15      do not bid for prime contracts, one of the reasons

      16      that they will say is:  They can go to their prime

      17      contractor and they can get some help getting paid.

      18      But when they're prime contractor with the agency,

      19      they have to wait.

      20             And, yes, the contracts say that people will

      21      be paid within 30 days, but it's 30 days from an

      22      approved invoice.

      23             And I can tell you hundreds of stories, where

      24      there have been many, many delays within the agency

      25      in getting to that "point of approval."  And it







                                                                   164
       1      could take weeks and months before the agency

       2      decides to move your invoice to the point of it

       3      being approved for payment.

       4             And that's one of the biggest barriers for

       5      MWBE firms.

       6             In 2017 the GCA did a report that we

       7      submitted to ESD, that made 16 different

       8      recommendations for how to improve the MWBE program.

       9             And a copy of our report is attached to my

      10      formal testimony, and I hope that you will take a

      11      look at it.

      12             Unfortunately, there has been no dialogue and

      13      no follow-up from ESDC about our recommendations.

      14             Now maybe all 16 of them were not things that

      15      ESD would agree with.  But I can guarantee you that

      16      in there there are one or two, and possibly more,

      17      recommendations that deserve a thoughtful review and

      18      deserved consideration.

      19             And there has been silence, and that has been

      20      extremely unfortunate.

      21             And I just want to touch on the issue of a

      22      mentor-protege program.

      23             There's too much emphasis on making the

      24      responsibility of a mentor-protege program on --

      25      onto prime contractor.







                                                                   165
       1             When a prime contractor bids a job, the

       2      contractor looks at the schedule, the project

       3      requirements, and the technical specifications, and

       4      puts the team together that it believes can best

       5      help them meet those obligations.

       6             It is not unrealistic for a prime contractor

       7      to expect that all of its subcontractors will come

       8      to the table knowing how to do the work that its

       9      subcontractors have bid on.

      10             A mentor-protege program that requires the

      11      prime contractors to teach their subcontractors how

      12      to do work has to exist separate and apart from any

      13      contract on which they are bidding.  It's just

      14      unrealistic.

      15             And if you take the issue away from

      16      construction and move it into something like IT, for

      17      example, there is no way the State would expect that

      18      an IT professional that it hires to develop a system

      19      application for them would hire firms to work on

      20      that application that have never done computer

      21      coding before.

      22             And yet, for construction, we are asked to

      23      take firms that perhaps have never done the work

      24      that we're looking to contract for and teach them

      25      how to do it at the same time that we're trying to







                                                                   166
       1      meet a budget and a schedule, and that's just

       2      unrealistic.

       3             And so, instead, what we are recommending is

       4      that the agencies take on this responsibility.

       5             And, in fact, the MTA has done that by

       6      setting aside certain of its contracts for firms in

       7      the mentor-protege program where they manage the

       8      program directly.  But, there is one significant

       9      weakness, and that's within the area of signal

      10      rehabilitation.

      11             We had recommended to the MTA in 2010 that

      12      they set aside time in their signal school

      13      specifically to teach emerging and small electrical

      14      contractors how to do signal work.

      15             It's been a subject of much press.  Even

      16      upstate, I'm sure you've all read articles about the

      17      state of the subway system.

      18             And, yet, nothing has been done in that area,

      19      and yet it's a critical part of the MTA's

      20      procurement portfolio, and yet they have not done

      21      anything to build that capacity, and expect,

      22      instead, that the limited number of prime

      23      contractors that do signal work will form a program

      24      to train those other firms.  And that's just not

      25      realistic, when, in fact, the MTA has the resource







                                                                   167
       1      available through its own school that it uses to

       2      train its own personnel, to train other people in

       3      the industry.

       4             And I think as we look at building capacity,

       5      building contractor capacity, throughout the

       6      industry, and throughout the state's portfolio

       7      procurement, and not just within construction, but

       8      to look at goods and supplies, to look at health

       9      care, and look at the other areas of procurement.

      10             What needs to happen is, is the agencies that

      11      are doing the procurement need to take greater

      12      ownership in building their capacity and doing the

      13      outreach to the agencies.

      14             And, finally, I want to touch on one other

      15      issue.

      16             The directory, the ESD directory of certified

      17      MWBE firms, is the touch point in terms of

      18      evaluating if a prime contractor has met its MWBE

      19      goals, because that is the only way that a

      20      contractor gets credit, is by using a certified

      21      firm, and yet the directory is fraught with

      22      inaccuracies.

      23             We did a study of construction firms in the

      24      downtown state region because that's our most

      25      often-used pool of firms, and we found that over







                                                                   168
       1      half of the firms had incorrect information in the

       2      directory.

       3             So what does that mean for us?

       4             As prime contractors, if we're reaching out

       5      for firms that haven't done business with us in the

       6      past, we're looking for firms that are no longer in

       7      business or firms that have incorrect contact

       8      information.

       9             At the same time, when we're doing a mass

      10      solicitation, we're sending solicitations to firms

      11      for work that they don't perform because the

      12      information in the directory is incorrect.

      13             And, again, touching back to the agencies,

      14      the agencies that do the procurement, that are

      15      looking to meet the MWBE goals, are also in the best

      16      position to be working with ESD to straighten out

      17      the directory because they know who the vendor

      18      community is.

      19             And so I hope you'll take a look at my formal

      20      testimony, but I'll answer any questions you have.

      21             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Anyone?

      22             Senator Sanders?

      23             SENATOR SANDERS:  A very quick point.

      24             Ms. Farber (sic) --

      25             Might be good to use a mic.







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       1             -- let me push pro one of the ideas that you

       2      put out.

       3             You said that we should -- an idea is, to go

       4      to the -- to certify at the regional area.

       5             The -- if we were to do this, then you would

       6      certainly need some stronger IG types or MWB

       7      compliance officers.

       8             You'd have to -- if you were to do that, you

       9      would have to really beef up your IGs, because

      10      you're -- otherwise, you're assuming that just

      11      because somebody is the agency head that they have

      12      no biases themselves.

      13             So you would have to figure some way of

      14      making sure that somebody is making sure that that

      15      happens.

      16             DENISE RICHARDSON:  I think there's lots of

      17      existing levels of oversight and investigation in

      18      government.

      19             And I think the thing we need to focus on is

      20      not so much what might go wrong, but the fact that

      21      all of you have touched on today how cumbersome the

      22      process is, how lengthy the process is, and how, in

      23      many ways, it turns into an arbitrary process,

      24      because some firms will be certified with the exact

      25      same ownership profile as another firm that's denied







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       1      certification.

       2             And so I'm less concerned about that issue

       3      than I am about making sure that we have a process

       4      for firms if they wish to do business with the

       5      State, that it's a business-friendly process.

       6             All of you have touched on today, you know,

       7      anecdotes that you've told of people in your

       8      districts that have looked to get certified and

       9      walked away from the paperwork, walked away from the

      10      length of time.

      11             That should not be the case.

      12             Someone's first interaction with government

      13      for procurement should not be a negative process.

      14      There will be lots of negative things that come

      15      later.

      16             But -- and I'm serious about that.

      17             But fact of the matter is, the certification

      18      process should be a process that welcomes firms and

      19      gets them ready to do business with the State, not

      20      turns them off.

      21             And one of the ways I believe that we can do

      22      that, is the regional offices tend to have a closer

      23      relationship on a day-to-day basis with their

      24      surrounding vendor community.

      25             SENATOR SANDERS:  A 10-second warning story.







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       1             When we started in New York City, we gave

       2      the -- an agency was in charge of making sure

       3      everybody complied.

       4             When we studied it, the agency that was

       5      supposed to make sure everybody complied had the

       6      worst compliance record of everybody else.

       7             If we just leave to it government, or leave

       8      it to anyone, you're going to need to consider

       9      putting some type of way of looking in on it, and

      10      you may have something there.

      11             Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.

      12             DENISE RICHARDSON:  I just want to touch on

      13      that for one second, if I could.

      14             The School Construction Authority in New York

      15      City has a very successful program.

      16             They do their own certification;

      17             They pre-qualify all of their firms;

      18             They evaluate the firms based on what types

      19      of work the firm can actually successfully perform;

      20             And they qualify people at different dollar

      21      levels of contracts.

      22             As a result, the SCA has developed an

      23      extraordinarily successful pool of MWBE firms who

      24      work at both the subcontractor and the

      25      prime-contractor level.







                                                                   172
       1             And so to your question earlier about

       2      examples from other states that work, the SCA

       3      probably has the most successful model in the state

       4      in terms of bringing along MWBE businesses.

       5             But I would also urge you to look at the

       6      state of Florida that has an extremely successful

       7      MWBE program, that uses a hybrid of centralized

       8      State certification, as well as regional

       9      certification.

      10             And, again, there's a pre-qualification

      11      basis.

      12             And, most importantly, which is something

      13      that we desperately need, and touched on earlier

      14      this morning, we must be setting project-specific

      15      goals, because some projects will lead themselves to

      16      a very high MWBE goal.

      17             And other projects, for example, a paving

      18      project that's done under lane-closure conditions,

      19      and done under restricted work hours, may not lend

      20      themselves efficiently to a large MWBE participation

      21      goal.

      22             And one of the things that is starting to

      23      happen on projects is that we are trading efficiency

      24      for greater subcontract participation.

      25             And as taxpayers, and we're all taxpayers,







                                                                   173
       1      those are not the way we should be making project

       2      decisions.

       3             We should be making project decisions based

       4      on:  What the work of the project is.  What are the

       5      constraints in the project?  And how does that

       6      project best lend itself to maximize participation,

       7      which is not a 30 percent goal across the board?

       8             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator?

       9             SENATOR RITCHIE:  I'm all set.

      10             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Everybody set?

      11             OFF-CAMERA SENATOR:  I would just like to

      12      applaud her.

      13             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Okay.

      14             Ms. Richardson, thank you very much for your

      15      testimony.

      16             DENISE RICHARDSON:  Thank you.

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Slight change in the

      18      program.

      19             We're going to invite Seth Bryant to testify

      20      before Greg.

      21             SETH BRYANT:  Good afternoon.

      22             Thank you.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Good afternoon.

      24             SENATOR SANDERS:  Good afternoon.

      25             SETH BRYANT:  So I don't have prepared







                                                                   174
       1      remarks, but I'll speak to my experience with the

       2      program, which is long, and has been intense over

       3      the years.

       4             My name is Seth Bryant.  I'm managing partner

       5      of an MBE law firm called Bryant Rabbino, LLP.

       6             We're based in Midtown Manhattan.  We're an

       7      11-lawyer shop focused on transactional matters, so

       8      that means that we do a lot of bond finance work,

       9      mergers and acquisitions, real estate, tax,

      10      employment, et cetera.

      11             Our firm was -- I founded the firm in 2009,

      12      and it's been, I think, a very successful endeavor,

      13      in no small measure, due to the program -- the MWBE

      14      program with the State.

      15             Prior to forming the firm, I had been a

      16      lawyer at large firms.

      17             I started my career at a firm called

      18      Debevoise & Plimpton, a large, well-established

      19      corporate firm, where I practiced for four years.

      20             Moved to another large established firm,

      21      Morrison & Foerster, where I practiced for

      22      four years.

      23             And before founding the firm, I was at a

      24      large firm, DLA Piper.

      25             Our team is comprised of lawyers that have







                                                                   175
       1      comparable experience.  We have, on average,

       2      20 years of experience.  We have practiced, again,

       3      with large and small clients.

       4             Bryant Rabbino's client base includes many

       5      governmental entities.

       6             We do a significant amount of work with the

       7      MTA.

       8             We got our start in public finance with

       9      DASNY.

      10             We have done work with the New York State

      11      Thruway Authority, the division of budget, the

      12      office of the state comptroller, and New York State

      13      Housing and -- Housing and Finance Agency (HFA), and

      14      other state entities.

      15             And, you know, for us, coming into the

      16      public-finance space and doing work with

      17      governmental entities, it really, again, I can't say

      18      it strongly enough, it would not have occurred for

      19      us in the way it did without this program.

      20             I founded a firm in 2003, which, in some

      21      respects, was a predecessor of this firm before

      22      moving back to the large-firm world, and explored

      23      the possibility of certification in 2003-2004 time

      24      frame.

      25             It was a very different era in New York State







                                                                   176
       1      politics and in the program.

       2             What I found was a closed door.

       3             What I found was, I remember contacting

       4      Empire State Development, the division of minority-

       5      and women-business development, and really just

       6      getting bad information about what the opportunities

       7      were.

       8             I was told at that time that, for us to be

       9      certified, we would have to, you know, wait for a

      10      year, and be in business for over a year, which, for

      11      a professional-services firm as we are, was not the

      12      case.

      13             But I think the person who I talked to felt,

      14      you know, so little concerned about MWBEs, and the

      15      opportunities that the program was to offer, that

      16      the person gave me bad information.

      17             And I took that bad information and I said,

      18      it would be a waste of time to pursue business

      19      opportunities with New York State, because I didn't

      20      feel that the climate was good.

      21             I talked to other business owners who felt

      22      that it was a waste of time, at that time in 2003.

      23             At that point, I think the governor was

      24      George Pataki.

      25             And I don't think there was any emphasis or







                                                                   177
       1      support for the program, and so we didn't pursue

       2      certification.

       3             We got bad information, and heard that there

       4      were no opp -- heard that there were very little

       5      opportunities.

       6             And so, you know, we have private-sector

       7      clients, as we do now, and so we just said, you

       8      know:  Why bang your head against the wall.  Just

       9      pursue other opportunities.

      10             And if the state that I was born in, I'm from

      11      Buffalo, New York, wasn't a fertile ground for

      12      opportunity, I could pursue them in other places.

      13             I'm talented.

      14             My team was smart, and I am smart, and so we

      15      could pursue opportunities in other places.

      16             But it was sad.

      17             It was a sad state of affairs for the State,

      18      and for a business like mine, which was a

      19      transactional minority-owned firm, one of the very

      20      few in New York City, of all places, and, obviously,

      21      part of New York State, that we didn't see

      22      opportunities to work with the State.

      23             Fast-forward to 2009, 2010, it was a very

      24      different environment.

      25             The governor at that time, David Paterson,







                                                                   178
       1      saw the need to strengthen the program, and, in

       2      fact, had done considerable work, as lieutenant

       3      governor, to establish an Executive 10 Task Force

       4      that looked at New York State's procurement program

       5      and rules and opportunities.

       6             And they found -- you know, and you all, I'm

       7      sure, have access to the Executive 10 reports.

       8      I won't summarize them here too much.

       9             But they found a closed shop, I'll say.

      10             And so they went to make reforms, and

      11      enlisted the Assembly and the Senate as partners in

      12      making reforms.  And in 2010, four strong

      13      improvements to the state's MWBE law were passed.

      14             And from there, when Governor Cuomo came into

      15      office, he did something that surprised myself and

      16      many members of the MWBE community.

      17             He announced an aspirational goal of doing

      18      20 percent of the state's work with MWBEs.

      19             Now, as an MBE, we were thrilled about that,

      20      obviously.

      21             As a lawyer, I understood what an

      22      "aspirational goal" meant.

      23             It didn't mean that it was the State's goal.

      24      It meant that we will try to get to 20 percent.

      25             And, with a little scepticism as a business







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       1      owner, I thought, you know, that's nice.  You know,

       2      we'll see if we get there, but, it's an aspirational

       3      goal.

       4             But what that effort did in setting that

       5      aspirational goal, what I saw, I saw the state

       6      agencies and authorities actually tried to find

       7      MWBEs, and actually do lifting to ensure that

       8      opportunities were pursued with MWBEs.

       9             And so it was a very, very, you know,

      10      I think, important and a strong step in support of

      11      the program, and in support of making sure

      12      opportunities are available to all business owners

      13      in New York State, or all communities of business

      14      owners.

      15             I mean, if, you know, the great state of

      16      New York is about opportunity, then I would expect

      17      that that would be an important objective.

      18             And so, it was taken, and I think he --

      19      Governor Cuomo, I mean, pushed harder, and raised

      20      the goal to 30 percent.

      21             But, again, it's an aspirational goal.

      22      Right?

      23             And so what it did was, again, it made state

      24      agencies and authorities dig a little deeper, look a

      25      little harder.







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       1             And from what I have seen, it has put the

       2      program -- you know, it has made the program a real

       3      program.

       4             What I have seen is that, it has created

       5      opportunities for MWBEs, where, before, there

       6      weren't opportunities.

       7             So, in terms of the history of the program,

       8      and in kind of what -- you know, what works and what

       9      doesn't work, as a lawyer, I do a lot of work

      10      certifying, or helping companies that want to be

      11      certified, to structure themselves so that they're

      12      eligible for certification.

      13             And that might mean that a company or

      14      entrepreneurs may come to us and say, This is our

      15      business.  You know, these are the areas that we are

      16      pursuing.  This is our ownership structure.  You

      17      know, these are our relationships.  You know, help

      18      us to get situated to become MWBEs.

      19             And in some instances we found companies that

      20      have been eligible for certification.

      21             In some instances we found companies that

      22      kind of said, Hey, you know, I hear that, you know,

      23      if we're certified, you know, I just want to -- you

      24      know, I don't care, whatever, I just want to get

      25      this thing certified.  Can I call -- you know, I own







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       1      this business.  I'd like my sister, or my wife, or

       2      someone else, to take it and run with it.

       3             And with those clients, you know, give them

       4      some gentle counseling and say:  It may not work.

       5      It may not reach -- you may not reach your goal of

       6      certification because there's a -- there are

       7      requirements in terms of independence, and just a

       8      track record in the business, et cetera.

       9             And, you know, to the -- to the young lady

      10      who preceded me, or I didn't catch her name, but she

      11      talked about decentralizing the certification

      12      process.

      13             I would be a little concerned about

      14      decentralizing the certification process just

      15      because of that, unless there were, I think as

      16      Senator Sanders mentioned, strong compliance

      17      components to it.

      18             So I think, at some level, decertification --

      19      decentralizing could be helpful, but, again, with

      20      compliance.

      21             But what works in terms of the program,

      22      I understand that there's a lot of concern about the

      23      30 percent goal, and people kind of just don't

      24      understand it.

      25             I mean, it's really -- you know, and I think,







                                                                   182
       1      at some level, it's a bit confusing because the

       2      Governor talks about a 30 percent goal.

       3             And you really have to actually read the regs

       4      to understand what they require.  And they do

       5      require, on a contract-by-contract basis, that goals

       6      are established.

       7             The way the Governor's Office, or the way the

       8      Executive has, and the agencies, I should say, have

       9      addressed that, they recognize that.  But they have

      10      entities that enter into prime contracts,

      11      essentially, agree to use good-faith efforts to

      12      reach that aspirational goal.

      13             And I think that that's, you know, an

      14      appropriate and not-too-difficult step to ask one to

      15      make some good-faith efforts.

      16             I do think that there was a missed

      17      opportunity in not passing the executive budget

      18      which softened, at some level, the requirements to

      19      demonstrate good-faith efforts.

      20             I do think that there was a missed

      21      opportunity in not passing the executive budget

      22      which softened, at many level, the requirements to

      23      demonstrate good-faith efforts.

      24             What -- and one thing that the executive

      25      budget included was, taking away some of the







                                                                   183
       1      bureaucratic requirements to establish good-faith

       2      efforts, which, as an MBE, I fully support.

       3             You know, I think that the -- the program,

       4      which has been around since 1988, has been a very

       5      successful program.

       6             I would hope that this body would continue to

       7      support it.

       8             I think the Governor's proposal -- or, the

       9      executive budget proposal of a five-year

      10      reauthorization, with significant reforms, was

      11      important.

      12             But I think that, you know, the fact that the

      13      negotiation kind of watered all of that down, and,

      14      instead of a five-year reauthorization, brought the

      15      reauthorization to a one-year reauthorization, was a

      16      disappointment, certainly, to the MWBE community.

      17             But I think, for the state of New York, we

      18      should be able to do better and give our businesses

      19      more continuity, more stability.

      20             For a firm like myself, like ours, you know,

      21      we have a lease that we have to sign in a few months

      22      for a new space.

      23             And so to have a one-year reauthorization for

      24      the program, where we have a business that, you

      25      know, has a significant relationship to State work,







                                                                   184
       1      is disappointing.

       2             I mean, we'll be fine.

       3             But, you know, I think that what we need,

       4      ultimately, is a good program that is rational, that

       5      addresses concerns that people have in terms of

       6      matching the goals with the availability of talent.

       7             But I think we also need a firm commitment by

       8      the State to make opportunities available to all

       9      participants in the state.

      10             And for a long time, it wasn't the case, as

      11      I mentioned, in terms of what we experienced in

      12      2003, and, certainly, in earlier periods.

      13             I'll say in closing, what needs to be

      14      improved?

      15             Certification process does need to be

      16      improved.  It takes way too long.

      17             You know, people have -- people, you know,

      18      say that the application process is complicated.

      19             It is.

      20             When you add the personal net worth

      21      component, it just makes it complicated.

      22             I'll say that, again, given the work that

      23      I do, we help clients that are looking to get

      24      certified in other jurisdictions and with private

      25      certifying bodies.







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       1             And there's no reason why New York State, you

       2      know, has the backlog that it does.

       3             I do think that resources are important.

       4             But I think that, New York City, which, you

       5      know, obviously, has a significant program, they've

       6      gotten to a place where they can get businesses

       7      certified in six to eight weeks.

       8             And I think that, if we look at what New York

       9      City can do, there's no reason why that can't be

      10      done on the state level.

      11             So, in terms of what should happen, and what

      12      works and doesn't works:

      13             The certification process does need

      14      addressing.

      15             The -- there does need to be more

      16      transparency around how goals are established, but

      17      I don't think that's, at all, an insurmountable

      18      task.

      19             There does also need be more outreach and

      20      capacity building.

      21             I will say, in truly closing, that there is a

      22      bill in the Assembly, A-10713, which contemplates a

      23      five-year reauthorization of the program.

      24             It contemplates setting up a blue-ribbon

      25      commission that would be comprised of state --







                                                                   186
       1      members of state agencies and authorities, members

       2      of the private sector, et cetera.  And that

       3      commission could come together and propose reforms

       4      that would actually make the program what it should

       5      be, which is the strongest program in the nation.

       6             And that bill also has a component, where it

       7      encourages a mentor-protege program, or new

       8      investment in mentor-protege programs, of

       9      $25 million, which would help to improve or build

      10      capacity.

      11             So, I really appreciate the opportunity to

      12      give this testimony, and if there are any questions,

      13      I'm happy to answer any questions.

      14             SENATOR RITCHIE:  I just have one question.

      15             Because you're an attorney, and you're a

      16      qualified business, do you have any recommendations,

      17      specific recommendation, on streamlining the

      18      certification process?

      19             SETH BRYANT:  Sure.

      20             You know, I think that the biggest challenge

      21      in the certification process is the "personal net

      22      worth" test.

      23             The "personal net worth" test exists to cause

      24      the program to be in compliance with constitutional

      25      requirements.







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       1             It is not the only test to create a narrow

       2      tailoring of the bill.

       3             So I think that, you know, this body and the

       4      Assembly could look at a change in terms of the

       5      approach of determining whether or not a business is

       6      eligible from a personal net worth standpoint.

       7             Aside from that, certification programs,

       8      pretty much, are similar.

       9             And so, again, like, there's no -- even with

      10      the personal net worth, I don't see any good reason

      11      for the State to have the backlog that it has, other

      12      than a lack of manpower, or should I say,

      13      people-power.  Right?

      14             The State really slowed down significantly in

      15      the last two or three years.  Before that, it wasn't

      16      such a slow process, but it was pretty slow.

      17             But the good news is, but there -- early on,

      18      there were things that the State did that softened

      19      the delay.

      20             What they would do is, if you were pursuing a

      21      contract opportunity, and if you had already

      22      submitted your certification application, there

      23      would be some communication.

      24             A person at DASNY might call the division and

      25      ask for a push of the application so that an







                                                                   188
       1      up-or-down decision could be made sooner rather than

       2      later.

       3             There used to be -- and I'm not sure how much

       4      it's the case today, but there used to be a view

       5      that, if you had applied for certification, there

       6      would be a good-faith kind of belief that you were

       7      going to be certified.  And so the agency or

       8      authority or prime contractor could look at that

       9      business and say, yes, we now have a certified MWBE

      10      working on this project.  They submitted their

      11      application on such and such date.

      12             So I think that there are things that can be

      13      done now to streamline the process by just taking

      14      some administrative actions.

      15             And enabling that kind of communication

      16      between the agencies and the division, that might

      17      help jump-start some of these slow-moving

      18      applications.

      19             But I think -- I also should say, you know,

      20      I don't know -- know the number of analysts that the

      21      division has looking at these matters, but I would

      22      say that, is at a crisis level, and I would say

      23      that, you know, the State should really entertain it

      24      as such.

      25             And I think, you know, if they have







                                                                   189
       1      20 analysts, to add another, you know, 20 or

       2      30 analysts is probably not a huge expenditure,

       3      given the State's largess.  And it might be a very,

       4      you know, well-made investment in a program that

       5      clearly works.

       6             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Thank you.

       7             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Boyle.

       8             SENATOR BOYLE:  Yes, thank you very much.

       9             Thank you, Counselor.

      10             And I just want to thank you for your

      11      insights, and for coming here today.

      12             If we're able to modify the program to make

      13      it more efficient, you actually may be hurting

      14      yourself.  You'll have fewer people making the phone

      15      call to your office.

      16                  [Laughter.]

      17             SENATOR BOYLE:  But I want to ask about

      18      the -- as I said earlier, the New York City MWBE

      19      office has come out to Long Island, and they always

      20      make the case, Hey, come to us, we're a lot quicker,

      21      and then you have reciprocity with the State.

      22             Can you just, real quickly, explain that?

      23             And my question really is:  What if -- if

      24      they're efficient -- and, obviously, we want to make

      25      sure that the companies that are qualified, and







                                                                   190
       1      there's no fraud or anything like that -- what if

       2      the State just took over the idea of the same system

       3      that New York City has, wholesale, and say, well,

       4      you're doing it, you're doing a lot quicker, for

       5      some reason?

       6             Is it just a matter of personnel, or is it,

       7      use -- just, can we use their system?

       8             SETH BRYANT:  I mean, I think -- I'm glad you

       9      mentioned the reciprocity point, because I think

      10      that that -- you know, that was a very good step

      11      forward at one point.

      12             But, I think where it falls down is, the

      13      difference is in the requirements between the State

      14      and the City.

      15             So, again, personal net worth is the

      16      difference.

      17             Now, if -- if -- I don't think that -- unless

      18      New York -- unless New York State, you know, gets --

      19      you know, changes the "personal net worth"

      20      requirement, I don't think that, you know, the

      21      reciprocity program, you know, will work, at least

      22      not between the State and the City.

      23             Now, it can work in the opposite direction.

      24             If someone gets -- if a business gets

      25      certified by the State, and then a reciprocity







                                                                   191
       1      should work for the City and Port Authority,

       2      et cetera.

       3             But the rub is, trying to go through the

       4      process with the City and then, you know, get

       5      recognized by the State.

       6             You know, I -- again, I think even with

       7      personal net worth, it really is a manpower issue.

       8             And I think that -- I'm not sure if the

       9      division has, you know, focused specialists that

      10      look at that issue, and that can move the process

      11      along and they just develop an expertise in kind of

      12      reading finan -- you know, reading, okay, what

      13      someone's stock ownership is, and other personal

      14      assets, and all of it.

      15             If they don't do that, I would say that that

      16      would be probably a smart thing to do.

      17             But I don't see a way where, you know,

      18      New York City can just -- its process can overtake

      19      the State's process, unless there's a change to the

      20      "personal net worth" test.

      21             I hope that answers your question.

      22             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders.

      24             SENATOR SANDERS:  Mr. Chair, I -- well,

      25      first, there's so many good ideas have come from







                                                                   192
       1      you.

       2             Thank you for coming up, and thank you for

       3      the wisdom that you have shared with me over the

       4      years.

       5             One of the things that -- that came out of

       6      this one is that, one of the hearings that you need

       7      to -- we need to do, we may want to get all of the

       8      state agencies, and the City, for that matter, and

       9      say:

      10             Is there any reason why we don't have one

      11      form?

      12             Is there any good reason that -- is there

      13      some federal stuff that we're tripping into?

      14             Is there any good reason why we don't have

      15      one form for the entire state; one headache instead

      16      of twelve, or whatever the number is?

      17             And I know that the state controller --

      18      comptroller is actually exploring this.

      19             So it might be good to start by questioning

      20      him and saying, How far have you gotten with this

      21      stuff?

      22             And, if he's almost there, we can push him.

      23             But if he's not, then we can find out.

      24             Because, I have never understood why there

      25      have been several different forms; waivers, left,







                                                                   193
       1      right, and centers, perhaps.

       2             And I -- it doesn't make sense, dollars or

       3      cents.

       4             So that's my contribution.

       5             Thanks to Mr. Bryant's contribution.

       6             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Anybody else?

       7             Mr. Bryant, thank you very much.

       8             We appreciate you making the trip.

       9             SETH BRYANT:  And thank you for the

      10      opportunity.

      11             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Unshackle Upstate.

      12             Greg, you want us to come to you?

      13             I didn't realize you were -- or at least

      14      bring your microphone.

      15             SENATOR SANDERS:  That's what happens when

      16      you shackle upstate.

      17             GREG BIRYLA:  I appreciate your patience.

      18             SENATOR AKSHAR:  If you note an increased

      19      speed in the way we're taking the testimony, it's

      20      only because we have a hard stop of 1:30 this

      21      afternoon, so that's why we're moving on.

      22             Greg, thank you very much for being with us.

      23             GREG BIRYLA:  Thank you.

      24             SENATOR AKSHAR:  The floor is yours.

      25             GREG BIRYLA:  Thank you, Senator Akshar;







                                                                   194
       1      thank you, Senator Ritchie; thank you, all of the

       2      other Senators on the dais today, for addressing

       3      this issue.

       4             Obviously, I'm the sixth speaker, or seventh

       5      speaker, today, and in the interest of time, and

       6      everyone's attention, I don't want to be too

       7      redundant.

       8             And I want to be clear that Unshackle Upstate

       9      is not a construction-association group.  We don't

      10      have any attorneys that deal with MWBE issues on a

      11      day-to-day basis.

      12             What we are is an education advocacy

      13      coalition representing Upstate New York employers.

      14             Our leadership board consists of the

      15      Buffalo Niagara Partnership, the Greater Rochester

      16      Chamber of Commerce, the Greater Binghamton Chamber

      17      of Commerce, the North Country Chamber of Commerce,

      18      and The Empire State Chapter of Associated Builders

      19      and Contractors who will speak later.

      20             You've heard a lot today from people who know

      21      this issue inside and out, and I don't pretend to be

      22      able to match their eloquence on the subject.

      23             But what our organization does is,

      24      collectively, represent thousands of employers from

      25      across Upstate New York, and for 10 years, we have







                                                                   195
       1      been the most consistent voice in pursuit of a

       2      growing upstate economy and strong upstate

       3      communities.

       4             I want to begin by making clear that

       5      Unshackle Upstate continues to support a rational

       6      and productive minority- and women-owned business

       7      enterprise program in New York State.

       8             Our partner chambers and trade groups proudly

       9      represent MWBEs among their membership, and they

      10      continue to actively support their growth and

      11      success, and work every day with them on MWBE

      12      issues.

      13             That brings me to my -- the first of two

      14      primary points.  And, again, you've heard some of

      15      these today, but that's probably because they're

      16      real issues and everybody seems to be facing them.

      17             On a near weekly basis, we hear stories about

      18      the challenges that firms have in getting certified

      19      as MWBEs.

      20             Our chamber and association partners field

      21      complaints daily and weekly from their members about

      22      the significant bureaucratic and administrative red

      23      tape in getting certified as such to formally

      24      participate in the state's program.

      25             I know all of you, as very constituent-minded







                                                                   196
       1      elected officials, probably hear the same.

       2             There are instances, and I won't name names

       3      of individual employers, but these are -- these

       4      are -- this is a specific example, where it took

       5      18 months of process before an MWBE certification

       6      was granted in New York State.

       7             The same firm, doing the same type of work in

       8      California, it took four to six weeks.

       9             I don't have the answers to that, and we've

      10      discussed that at length.

      11             And I think some of the suggestions and

      12      conversation today have maybe gotten us closer.

      13             But it's, obviously, a bureaucratic nightmare

      14      somewhere in ESD.

      15             And I think that needs to be an absolute

      16      priority of this body here today, and the larger

      17      body of the New York State Senate and the New York

      18      State Legislature.

      19             And if it means bringing people in from ESD,

      20      bringing people in from the Administration, talking

      21      with the comptroller's office as was suggested,

      22      figuring out if it's funding, figuring out if it's

      23      resource allocation, if it's staffing, whatever it

      24      is, we're doing something wrong, and that's just

      25      become abundantly clear.







                                                                   197
       1             And I have made these points on behalf of our

       2      memberships to the Governor's Office; to ESD; to the

       3      department of labor; to the Legislature, both

       4      Houses.

       5             I've gotten universal acknowledgment.

       6             I've never received a clear answer on what

       7      the exact holdup is, and what we're really doing to

       8      solve it.

       9             So, hopefully, this is the beginning of that

      10      process.  And I've heard today that we're going to

      11      do multiple hearings, or, you're going to do

      12      multiple hearings, across the state.

      13             I think that's wonderful, and I would like to

      14      see that be a focus of the effort.

      15             This bureaucratic nightmare; that is, getting

      16      certified/recertified in the MWBE process, it leads

      17      right into next problem I'm going to talk about that

      18      you've also heard about today, but, many potentially

      19      certifiable MWBE firms simply avoid the process.

      20             They're aware of it, they know it's a

      21      nightmare.

      22             The economic benefit to them isn't readily

      23      made clear, or it isn't immediately -- they can't

      24      contribute the certification immediately to economic

      25      advancement, considering how much work it is to get







                                                                   198
       1      certified.

       2             This has hurt the capacity.

       3             And, again, I'm speaking from an upstate

       4      perspective.

       5             I think a lot of the problems

       6      Unshackle Upstate speaks about are statewide issues.

       7      They're on the island, they're in the city, they're

       8      in the North Country, they're in Western New York.

       9      We come at them from an upstate perspective.

      10             But you've heard a lot today about regional

      11      capacity, and I think that's a big problem across

      12      New York State, and particularly upstate.

      13             We have serious concerns that the

      14      administration's arbitrary 30 percent goals are

      15      unrealistic.

      16             They can result in projects getting

      17      contractors outside of their respective regions,

      18      opportunities that would be better suited for local

      19      employers; local MWBE employers.

      20             And part of that problem is the first part:

      21      We can't get people certified, so we can't ever

      22      increase our capacity.

      23             It's a sort of cycle of just futility.

      24             We too believe, like you've heard today, that

      25      30 percent arbitrary standards are not in line with







                                                                   199
       1      the Croson judgment from 1989.

       2             I'm not going to go through the tenets of

       3      that Croson judgment.  I think we've heard a lot

       4      about that case today.

       5             Our concerns with the universal standard of

       6      30 percent, even with the waiver process, is that,

       7      as -- as determined in Croson, they are far from

       8      narrowly tailored.

       9             The insistence on a 30 percent standard

      10      regardless of project location ignores demographic

      11      reality across New York State and regional capacity

      12      to ever meet such a high threshold with local

      13      contractors and local employees, improving local

      14      economies.

      15             According to New York State-administered

      16      website and database, ny.newyorkcontracts.com (sic),

      17      which I believe is a link that goes from ESD, there

      18      are, roughly, forty-seven, forty-eight hundred MBE

      19      firms registered, fifty-three hundred WBE firms.

      20             A simple database query -- and we've heard

      21      some of that today -- but a simple database query on

      22      this site, using one of the 10 designated

      23      economic-development region locations as a search

      24      query, clearly indicates that most upstate regions

      25      simply can never meet the regional capacity at







                                                                   200
       1      present -- or, do not have the regional capacity at

       2      present to meet this goal.

       3             I think Senator Little mentioned earlier, in

       4      the North County, there's 19 certified MBEs, there

       5      are 110 qualified WBEs, according to the last time

       6      I searched.

       7             In Mohawk Valley, Senator Amedore's area,

       8      has 12 certified MBEs, 96 certified WBEs.  The

       9      Southern Tier is 30 and 123, respectively.

      10             And in my testimony has a list of all the

      11      regions across the state.

      12             This data comes from a State-managed website.

      13      I cannot guarantee its accuracy or how often it's

      14      updated, but I think it gives a pretty good snapshot

      15      of what we're dealing with here.

      16             This has led to work, in our opinion, being

      17      contracted -- or, the 30 percent standard has led to

      18      work being contracted out of the region -- out of

      19      various regions in order to meet State MWBE targets,

      20      denying opportunities to local upstate contractors,

      21      local upstate M -- M -- or, local potential MBE

      22      contractors upstate, and means the taxpayer

      23      investment fails to realize its full local economic

      24      potential.

      25             This is a major problem for upstate, where







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       1      I think everybody on the dais would agree, and,

       2      every independent economic indicator indicates, is

       3      still a very, very much struggling economy.

       4             New York State is -- continues to set

       5      participation goals.

       6             We would like to see some reflection of

       7      actual regional capacity in demographics.

       8             New York State's past MWBE program and past

       9      iterations must be supported -- have been supported

      10      by a properly performed disparity study, as we've

      11      heard from today.

      12             We have a lot of issues with the most recent

      13      disparity study.

      14             This dispar -- first and foremost, before

      15      I get into the contents of the disparity study, it

      16      has not been evaluated, adopted, by the Legislature.

      17             The Legislature's elected for a reason on a

      18      whole host of things.  Their input is valuable.  You

      19      all are among the closest to your constituents, by

      20      nature.

      21             The executive branch and the executive

      22      agencies are very large and they're at the top of

      23      the chain.

      24             The input that you all bring into the

      25      conversations about this, and so many other







                                                                   202
       1      subjects, of late, that appear to be happening more

       2      and more through executive fiat rather than

       3      democratic debate and inclusion and compromise, is a

       4      major problem.

       5             And I think we're seeing that again with this

       6      issue.

       7             And, we have issues with the outcome of the

       8      study.

       9             I think that anybody in the construction or

      10      contracting industry, many of which have spoken

      11      today, have indicated that 53 percent capacity in

      12      New York State, for both prime and subcontractors,

      13      it just doesn't seem to be a credible number.

      14             And maybe I'm wrong, and, hopefully, I am

      15      wrong, but we haven't been able to see some of the

      16      underlying data supported by that study, as been

      17      dis -- as has been discussed today.

      18             Unshackle Upstate and its primary partners,

      19      we want to see a strong MWBE program in New York

      20      State.  I mean that from the bottom of my heart.

      21             We want to see one that contributes to a

      22      growing upstate economy, one that encourages the

      23      certification of MWBE firms, one that helps increase

      24      our regional capacity so that we can meet realistic

      25      goals.







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       1             But any responsible MWBE program must

       2      acknowledge and reflect some of the regional

       3      capacity differences that we've discussed.

       4             And, lastly, what, at the end of the day, is

       5      the point of my MWBE program?

       6             It's to improve the economic prospects of a

       7      certain class of employer.

       8             And that's -- that is a laudable goal, and

       9      I think the program has a lot of merit, but, what's

      10      the biggest obstacle to opportunity for any employer

      11      in the state, MWBEs included, particularly

      12      upstate?

      13             It -- it's our overall state economy.

      14             We have an economy in New York State that, by

      15      all metrics, is in the bottom percentile across the

      16      country, compared to all 50 states.

      17             We've heard:

      18             49th in business climate;

      19             We have the highest property taxes in the

      20      country;

      21             We continue to have high corporate and

      22      personal income taxes;

      23             We have high wireless taxes.

      24             All of these things add up, and at the end of

      25      the day, add up to being the single-greatest







                                                                   204
       1      impediment to economic growth and entry into the

       2      economy, for any new business, small business,

       3      entrepreneur, MWBE included.

       4             And I know that's not the focus of our

       5      conversation today, but I would be remiss if

       6      I didn't bring it up, and didn't -- and didn't at

       7      least interject it into the larger conversation

       8      we're having today.

       9             So, again, I thank you all for this

      10      opportunity.

      11             I know I covered some ground that -- that's

      12      been discussed before.  I think it is important.

      13             I'm glad I got the opportunity to share these

      14      opinions and these insights, and I'll take any

      15      questions.

      16             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders.

      17             SENATOR SANDERS:  Thank you.

      18             GREG BIRYLA:  Thank you all.

      19             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Greg, thank you very much.

      20             I hope you feel better.

      21             GREG BIRYLA:  Thank you.

      22             SENATOR SANDERS:  Take your time.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Mr. Reed, Mr. Porter.

      24             GREG BIRYLA:  It's the only option I have.

      25             PHIL REED:  I want to thank you for your







                                                                   205
       1      time.

       2             My name is Phil Reed, executive director for

       3      the Northern New York Builders Exchange.

       4             I'm joined with Bob Porter, and DC Builders,

       5      who's also on our board of directors.

       6             And I want to thank you for your time.

       7             And we're going to try not to be redundant

       8      and cover ground.

       9             I will say I want to thank you for your time.

      10             Our senator, Senator Ritchie, has been in

      11      discussions with us, and has taken an active role in

      12      this discussion for the last year.

      13             I want to thank you for that.

      14             I'd like to preface this by someone that Bob

      15      and I both have had to swing hammers to put food on

      16      the table.  So, me, not so much the last 10 years,

      17      but, Bob.

      18             But it was encouraging to me that nobody --

      19      none of our members -- we represent over

      20      200 construction-related firms throughout the

      21      North County, and we're part of the BIE -- but, I've

      22      never heard anybody say "stop the program."

      23             They've always wanted inclusion, and so

      24      that's encouraging to me.

      25             I know somewhat of the struggle.







                                                                   206
       1             I'm a -- I'm a parent of -- one of my

       2      children has disabilities.  A lot of times you have

       3      to push some elbows out to get noticed.  And

       4      I understand how that works.

       5             But what we have to understand, too, is what

       6      our struggles are in the North County.

       7             And, we're just going to give you a couple of

       8      anecdotal stories, and then yield our time to other

       9      people.

      10             I would like to first talk about a project

      11      that we've had going on, and Senator Ritchie

      12      probably is fully aware of this, is the transitional

      13      living project in Ogdensburg, New York.

      14             So we have a company called Aubertine and

      15      Currier, who's the engineering and architectural

      16      firm.

      17             This is -- they're on their fourth time

      18      bidding the project.

      19             Their current GC has dropped out of the

      20      project.  He cites that:

      21             "The project in Ogdensburg, we've been

      22      fighting to get off the ground for three years, is

      23      unlikely to take place now.  So much time has passed

      24      since it was bid that we've lost the few MWBE

      25      contractors that we had.







                                                                   207
       1             "We've washed our hands of this project out

       2      of frustration, and have no intentions of bidding

       3      any other projects with requirements until such time

       4      as the goals are brought into line with the supply

       5      of contractors in the area."

       6             MBE -- MWBE's contractors.

       7             So, he has nothing negative to say about the

       8      program, but, he spent considerable time and effort,

       9      and it's, just, there's some incidental costs with

      10      that.

      11             So meeting with Aubertine and Currier,

      12      they -- they are finding every way possible to try

      13      and get this project off the ground.

      14             And I'll remind you that transitional living

      15      services is an important piece of our social network

      16      in northern New York which helps people with -- that

      17      have fallen on hard times.

      18             She just wanted me to cite that, in the MBE

      19      directory, there's 1,406 MBEs, 49 in the 315 Area

      20      Code, which is quite substantial.

      21             This last go-round, they've e-mailed 63 MBE

      22      contractors, with no response.

      23             Now they have spent $300 on adverti -- this

      24      last go-around, approximately $500 in advertising.

      25      They haven't even got the contracts in motion yet.







                                                                   208
       1             So, that's some of the frustration.

       2             She showed me some of the worksheets, where

       3      people have spent considerable time trying to make

       4      every good-faith effort to get to the fulfillment.

       5             And, when this last contractor said, the

       6      framer he had lined up, which was not from the area,

       7      backed out of the project and won't answer the phone

       8      calls.

       9             So this is a typical thing in northern

      10      New York.

      11             I know there's a lot of cows between us and

      12      New York City, but it's kind of an isolated area.

      13             And so we -- we really embrace the concept,

      14      but maybe the cart was put before the horse.

      15             We don't have the pool, or people don't want

      16      to actually come up and work in northern New York.

      17             So, I do have one other -- one other piece of

      18      correspondence from one of our members, from

      19      Northern Tier Contracting, which is in your

      20      district, Senator, St. Lawrence County.

      21             He's a general contractor from Gouverneur,

      22      St. Lawrence County.

      23             "We employ 44 full-time employees and

      24      generate $60 million in construction-contract

      25      revenue each year.  90 percent of our work is for







                                                                   209
       1      northern" -- or, "is for NYS entities in the

       2      St. Lawrence and Jefferson areas.

       3             "As a prime contractor, I'm obligated to

       4      break down the scopes of our awarded projects to

       5      find opportunities for MWBE entities to participate

       6      in each project.  In many cases, this involves

       7      awarding subcontracts to MWBE companies for work

       8      that my employees could have performed.

       9             "As a result, I'm forced to layoff 7 percent

      10      of my existing local employees, or not hire new

      11      local employees.

      12             "This has a significant impact on employment

      13      in the North County that, historically, suffers from

      14      high unemployment."

      15             And he goes on to say he fully supports the

      16      program, but it's not practical or sustainable for

      17      many of our companies.

      18             And I will defer to Mr. Porter about a

      19      similar project he may be working on.

      20             ROBERT PORTER:  Yes, so, I'm bidding a

      21      project right now for one of the parks, and it just

      22      happens the scope of the project is concrete work,

      23      which we do ourselves.  And then there's a little

      24      bit of fence work.

      25             So, I found a fence guy that will bid it with







                                                                   210
       1      me.

       2             I can't meet the MBE goals, but I can get

       3      more than 30 percent WBE by a hair.

       4             But what it does is, I don't -- I haven't

       5      called the four guys that are local that do fencing,

       6      to bid on it, because I can't hire them.  So,

       7      there's no point in me wasting their time, bidding

       8      on that job.

       9             The number I got from the WBE downstate,

      10      who's a good reputable company, I have no problem

      11      using them, seems reasonable, but I don't even know,

      12      because I'm not getting another number.

      13             I've got to -- I'm going to carry that

      14      number, and sink a ship; sink or swim with them.

      15             I was a Clarkson graduate, it's a school up

      16      north, engineering degree.

      17             Back to the construction market.

      18             You know, I had 40 to 50 kids in all of my

      19      classes.  There were two girls in there.

      20             I know there's 35, 40 percent in St. Lawrence

      21      County are woman businesses for the -- or, are women

      22      for the disparity study, but, many of them don't go

      23      into the construction business.  They don't want any

      24      part of it.

      25             Similar to the trades nowadays, I don't know







                                                                   211
       1      how -- you know, I can't talk my daughter into

       2      becoming a block layer.

       3             Right now, the masons union is -- all the men

       4      are draining out of it because they're all retiring

       5      out, and it's a dying trade.

       6             It's like we're trying to tailor this program

       7      around one industry.  Maybe, broad brush, the state

       8      could do 30 percent easily.

       9             But, to pin it on one industry, like, say,

      10      the construction market, it's just -- it's,

      11      really -- it's unfair, I guess, in our opinion, for

      12      our area.

      13             Even less so, you know, the disparity study,

      14      you know, I've taken this right out of their

      15      disparity study, and it's -- there's less than

      16      5 percent minorities in the North County region.

      17             I've got a friend of mine whose wife owns a

      18      business that was handed down to her from her

      19      father.  She's full-blooded Indian.  She's been

      20      18 months trying to get certified.

      21             And, all you got to do is walk up and talk to

      22      her, and you -- you know, the business handed from

      23      father to daughter, and, there's no -- there's no

      24      argument.  I mean, they live on the reservation.

      25             But, same thing; they don't want to come and







                                                                   212
       1      work in Alex Bay.

       2             They're from the Massena Reservation area,

       3      and they've got a small window where they want to

       4      work and where they're comfortable with their

       5      employees.

       6             And, you know, to try to bring in, you know,

       7      a fence guy is easy, because you can, you know, load

       8      up a vehicle, and he can drive 200 miles and put

       9      fence in for, you know, a pretty similar price to

      10      somebody that's, you know, around the block.

      11             He's burning an extra tank of gas, and maybe

      12      paying for some hotel rooms, but, it's not going to

      13      drive the price way up.

      14             But, we're -- we're constantly at the point,

      15      if we are bidding public work, and the goal is

      16      30 percent, and I can meet 8 percent of it

      17      legitimately, we're having to mark our price up to

      18      cover the difference, knowing that we're going to

      19      have to shop it out, and try to buy it out after the

      20      fact.

      21             And, it's just -- it's not really right

      22      that -- you know, that I'm not be able to -- you

      23      know, I'm not able to go to the low bidder, or even

      24      go to a sub that I don't have any background on.

      25             You know, it makes it hard for me when, you







                                                                   213
       1      know, our bond is up, our money is up.  Personally,

       2      we're guaranteeing that this guy is going to

       3      perform, and I don't know this guy from Adam.

       4             So it makes it very hard on public work.

       5             The other point I guess I want to make on

       6      public work, I don't know how we fix it or make it

       7      better, honestly, short of getting more minorities

       8      and girls to go into the engineering, and, 20 years

       9      from now, then they could own a business.

      10             You know, they're -- I look at public work

      11      like the NFL.

      12             You're not going to go to a Pop Warner game

      13      and pick up a hot quarterback who's 9 years old, and

      14      say, You're throwing for the Cowboys on Sunday.

      15             Getting into public work is the most

      16      difficult of all construction work.

      17             You're really not even helping a lot of these

      18      start-up guys by handing them public work because it

      19      is so hard.

      20             You know, maybe there's an easier way to do

      21      it through, start them in the residential end, or

      22      maybe the maintenance end, where they can work the

      23      way up through.

      24             But, you know, to hand a -- hand a start-up

      25      mason, let's say, you know, a big commercial block







                                                                   214
       1      job, with dormitory authority inspectors looking

       2      over their shoulders, and, you know, independent

       3      testing agencies, and all this other special

       4      inspections, it's -- you're setting them up to fail,

       5      you know, in a lot of cases.

       6             PHIL REED:  But that last project that you

       7      did talk to, that you're getting a bid on for the

       8      fence contractor, what was his response?

       9             Was -- we -- he doesn't even know if he

      10      could -- he's a -- what's his backlog?

      11             ROBERT PORTER:  Well, so, yeah, that's --

      12      I guess that's the other thing.

      13             He's -- he can't do the work this year.

      14             If the work's got to be done this year, then

      15      don't even give me a -- or, you know, if we can push

      16      the work off till next summer, then he's got backlog

      17      available to do it.

      18             So, it may fall that he can do the work next

      19      summer, just because it takes the parks so long to

      20      award their jobs, that it will push into winter, and

      21      the job will shut down anyway.

      22             But, you know, that's something else we're

      23      juggling.

      24             You know, I didn't even submit the bid on

      25      this yet.  It's due next Tuesday.







                                                                   215
       1             So...

       2             GREG BIRYLA:  So -- and I think, too, that,

       3      again, we're such an isolated region, it's difficult

       4      to draw people to come up.

       5             And I was a project manager for a

       6      construction company at one point, and -- that was

       7      traveled the country.

       8             And -- but to pay per diem and travel, it

       9      just pushes the price, which taxpayers are going to

      10      end up paying for.

      11             But it also -- you know, we are somewhat

      12      isolated up in northern New York, but we have

      13      companies that have been in business for

      14      generations.  And they don't get a -- they don't

      15      even get a chance to look at this work.

      16             They come in, they've contributed to their

      17      communities.  They're upstanding citizens.  They are

      18      great corporate citizens.  But they don't even get a

      19      shot at it because, they don't qualify.

      20             For them to be -- it's hard enough to do

      21      business in New York.

      22             I mean, workman's (sic) compensation rates,

      23      try and be a roofer, and look at your insurance

      24      rates.

      25             So, it's even tougher, I think, when you get







                                                                   216
       1      up further and further away from everything, and, to

       2      not be able to just get a piece of the work, when

       3      you've been paying taxes and been a hard-working

       4      company, it -- they somewhat feel slighted about

       5      that.

       6             And I might be putting that nice, Senator,

       7      because you hear a lot of it also.

       8             So -- but we really appreciate your time.

       9             And we won't go over some of the remedies

      10      that some people have already offered.

      11             We just wanted to give you a little taste of

      12      what happens by the Canadian border in northern

      13      New York.

      14             So, we really appreciate your time.

      15             If you have any questions, we'll be happy to

      16      answer them, do our best to answer them.

      17             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Well, I want to thank you

      18      for coming down and sharing your perspective,

      19      because I just want to make sure that people hear,

      20      you know, we live in a pretty rural area and pretty

      21      far away.  And, though everyone is supportive of the

      22      program, the realities of making it work in the

      23      North County are -- are difficult.

      24             You're mentioning once again the list.

      25             And, another issue popped up that, not only







                                                                   217
       1      is the list not big enough, and it's not updated,

       2      and some of those contractors don't participate, the

       3      few remaining contractors that are on the list have

       4      so many requests for so many other projects out

       5      there, they can't keep up.

       6             So, you know, there are a number of issues

       7      that you brought up that I've heard.

       8             You know, meeting with you and your

       9      association in the past, that, you know, it's very

      10      frustrating that, given the economics of our area,

      11      that anytime any -- any business, or any project,

      12      has to be brought in, a company from outside the

      13      area, when there are so many people looking for

      14      work, is certainly a concern.

      15             So, thank you for coming, and --

      16             PHIL REED:  Thank you.

      17             And I really think it's a fantastic idea that

      18      you're going to do this in other parts.

      19             And I would really appreciate it if you came

      20      up our way, and, we would take you around, and show

      21      you some of the beautiful areas of The Thousand

      22      Islands area, and look -- and you can see firsthand,

      23      if you drive, how many open fields are up there.

      24             And it's -- there is difficulty.

      25             I might just say one thing, maybe this starts







                                                                   218
       1      at school, you know, in the vocational programs, and

       2      get young people.

       3             I know that, I have three sons, and the push

       4      was to push them all to college.

       5             Maybe that doesn't work for everybody.

       6             But the vocational programs are a great

       7      steppingstone to getting people involved.

       8             And like Bob said, you know, you got to pick

       9      up a hammer, you got to pound some nails.

      10             ROBERT PORTER:  Yeah, we have BOCES in our

      11      area, which is great for that.

      12             PHIL REED:  And we should encourage --

      13             ROBERT PORTER:  That's a big plus.

      14             PHIL REED:  -- young men and women of

      15      minorities to -- to -- that it's a -- we should

      16      welcome them, and show them that there's a rewarding

      17      career.

      18             You know, a carpenter, look, what's -- what's

      19      a mason going to be making, when everybody -- when

      20      they're in high demand?

      21             You know, people made fun of car mechanics.

      22      Now they're working on BMWs, making more than a lot

      23      of us.

      24             So I think it starts with us too, to

      25      encourage young people that this is a trade for







                                                                   219
       1      everybody.  This is a welcoming thing.

       2             And I think -- I was encouraged to hear

       3      everybody today saying, I know we have difference --

       4      difficulties, but everybody wants the same goal:

       5      Everybody wants inclusion, and push this thing

       6      forward.

       7             It's best for all New Yorkers if we all work

       8      together with that.

       9             So, thank you again.

      10             And, I hope this goes up towards our way, and

      11      I personally invite you out.

      12             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Well, Phil, we're definitely

      13      coming your way.  Senator Ritchie insisted upon it.

      14             And I promised Senator Sanders I would show

      15      him a clean river.

      16             PHIL REED:  Yes.

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  So we'll show him -- we'll

      18      show him the St. Lawrence.

      19             PHIL REED:  Yes, we will.

      20                  [Laughter.]

      21             PHIL REED:  We'll give you a first-hand tour

      22      of The Thousand Islands.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Little.

      24             PHIL REED:  Thank you.

      25             SENATOR LITTLE:  Yeah, thank you so much.







                                                                   220
       1             I have the eastern part of the North County

       2      from Senator Ritchie.

       3             But, you really put reality on what we're

       4      trying to say, and tell people.

       5             I'm convinced that what the North County

       6      needs the most is more year-round residents, and

       7      you're not going to have them unless they have jobs.

       8             And unless we make some changes to this

       9      program, we are actually taking jobs and giving them

      10      to other areas rather than the people and the

      11      businesses that exist in our area.

      12             So, you mentioned the waiver program, and --

      13      but more than that, the requirement, that before you

      14      can get a waiver, you have to prove that you have

      15      tried your best to find businesses.

      16             And I heard -- we heard from one person that

      17      some of the New York City and downstate businesses

      18      are saying, Stop calling us.  We are not coming up

      19      north to do this work.  We have all the work we can

      20      handle down here.

      21             And for your job to say, Oh, we can put up

      22      the fence next year, it's unacceptable.

      23             We have people in the North County that can

      24      do fencing.

      25             That's why we need an easier waiver program.







                                                                   221
       1      We need regional goals, adjustable.

       2             And, hopefully, with better certification,

       3      simpler certification, we will grow the minority-

       4      and women-owned businesses that we have, and this

       5      will be a problem of the past, and we'll be able to

       6      correct it.

       7             But thank you for being here.

       8             PHIL REED:  Thank you.

       9             ROBERT PORTER:  Thank you.

      10             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, gentlemen.

      11             Okay.  We're going to do something a little

      12      bit different here, just in the -- for the sake of

      13      time.

      14             Can I have Brian, Amy, and Louis, and Donald

      15      come down to testify next.  And then we'll have

      16      Campbell, Tom, and -- John, and Dominic wrap the day

      17      up.

      18             Thank you.

      19             SENATOR SANDERS:  Mr. Chair, Mr. Porter

      20      before spoke of, they don't go to Pop Warner for the

      21      Cowboys.

      22             Sometimes the Cowboys play like they did go

      23      to Pop Warner.

      24             I was just noticing that.

      25             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Amy, why don't we have you







                                                                   222
       1      start.

       2             AMY CRISS:  All right.

       3             First of all, thank you, all, for being here

       4      and listening to us.

       5             My name is Amy Criss.  I am the director of

       6      women-business enterprise and supply diversity at

       7      84 Lumber Company.

       8             I've been with the company for 17 years, and

       9      my responsibilities currently surround supplier

      10      diversity, and WBE business development.

      11             So that's business 84 Lumber wouldn't have if

      12      we weren't a certified woman-owned business, which

      13      is also business we don't have in New York because

      14      we're no longer a certified woman-owned business.

      15             I am here to testify about the importance of

      16      Article 15-A.

      17             We believe in it wholeheartedly, but we

      18      believe in the creation of a certification pathway

      19      to allow MWBEs to reach their full capacity.

      20             We support the extension of 15-A for

      21      five years.

      22             We propose a solution for this.

      23             We recommend a tiered process for this

      24      program, where the first opportunity would go to

      25      small diverse businesses.







                                                                   223
       1             The second opportunity would go to large

       2      diverse businesses that are no longer in the

       3      program, but that are giving back; that have a

       4      supplier diversity program, mentor-protege, joint

       5      ventures, training programs.

       6             There's no business that's going to help a

       7      small diverse business grow more than a large

       8      diverse business that has been there and faced the

       9      challenges.

      10             We think this is a great steppingstone.

      11             You hear of diverse businesses that, once

      12      they graduate out of the program, what got them

      13      there is no longer there, and their business

      14      shrinks.

      15             So we think this is a great opportunity for

      16      everybody to win.

      17             84 Lumber is a building-material supplier.

      18             We have -- we're owned by Maggie Hardy

      19      Magerko.

      20             We have 23 stores in New York State, majority

      21      upstate.  We have two located in Long Island.

      22             During the housing-market crash of 2009, we

      23      had to navigate extreme hardship, and through that,

      24      we became WBE-certified.

      25             In 2010, we applied for certification through







                                                                   224
       1      ESD in New York, and we received our certification

       2      in 2011.

       3             In 2010, legislation was introduced, and

       4      passed, and signed by the Governor, to add a

       5      personal net worth and small-business cap.

       6             So we went to recertify, and we were declined

       7      because of personal net worth.

       8             We received a denial letter.  Then we asked

       9      for a provisional waiver due to the way our business

      10      works.

      11             We own all our own property, we own all our

      12      own equipment, the inventory.  You're way over the

      13      personal net worth just in one store, let alone

      14      23 upstate.

      15             When -- it -- we were finally denied the

      16      provisional waiver in 2016.  Unfortunately, we had

      17      to close one of our stores, which is in Watertown,

      18      unfortunately, in your area, which cost employment

      19      and multiple things in business.

      20             We -- we have trucking companies that do all

      21      of our deliveries, so that trucking company no

      22      longer was there; they no longer needed employment

      23      there.

      24             So it had a big trickle-down effect.

      25             The pizza shops didn't need to deliver as







                                                                   225
       1      much pizza to 84 Lumber.

       2             So, nobody wants to see loss of business, but

       3      especially in Upstate New York.

       4             We are consistently, still yet -- that was

       5      2015-2016 -- I get calls every week from our

       6      customers and our contractors, saying:  Are you

       7      certified?  Why aren't you certified?  And you're

       8      causing us extreme hardship because you're aren't.

       9             There was a university upstate that needed to

      10      build, like, a shed/a building, and we had

      11      provided -- we had provided a bid to them.

      12             And they called me and said, I can't find you

      13      on the list.  Why can't I find you on the list?

      14             And I said, Well, we're no longer certified.

      15             And they said:  Your bid is considerably less

      16      than everybody else's.  Plus, now, I have to go

      17      almost 100 miles to use the next-lowest bid, and

      18      it's going to cost me almost double what it would

      19      have cost me to build this building if we could have

      20      used you, but we can't.

      21             So we lost that business.

      22             The business was lost from that area in

      23      Upstate New York.

      24             It cost the State and the university a lot

      25      more money to build the building.  And it seemed







                                                                   226
       1      like the lose-lose for everyone.

       2             So, we had a bill last year -- thank you,

       3      Senator Ritchie -- to remove the personal net worth.

       4      And that had bipartisan support, passed through both

       5      Houses, but, unfortunately, it was vetoed by the

       6      Governor.

       7             So we listened, and we are coming back this

       8      year with supporting language to -- related to the

       9      personal net worth.

      10             Right now, it's A-10744, introduced by

      11      Assembly Government Operations, Chair People Stokes.

      12      And the purpose of this legislation is to provide a

      13      pathway for minority- and women-owned businesses

      14      that have graduated out of the program, or are too

      15      large to participate in the program, but are still

      16      minority- and women-owned businesses.

      17             With this program, they are allowed to be

      18      counted after you have exhausted all your small

      19      diverse businesses, which is limited numbers in

      20      upstate.  And, you're allowed to look at these

      21      groups of businesses, that are large diverse

      22      businesses, before granting a provisional waiver,

      23      but these businesses have to be giving back.

      24             So they have to have a supplier diversity

      25      program or a training program, mentor program; a lot







                                                                   227
       1      of things that we've heard here.

       2             I think it's a win-win for everybody, because

       3      we're helping the small businesses grow.  We're

       4      giving them help through -- to learn their capacity.

       5             We're helping large diverse businesses that

       6      have graduated out of the program continue to grow

       7      in this program as long as they're willing to give

       8      back.

       9             And I think we're helping the areas that are

      10      having problems.

      11             I mean, we have 23 stores, 21 of them are

      12      upstate, and we're losing business all the time in

      13      those stores.

      14             We've lost millions and millions of dollars

      15      worth of business a year because we've lost our

      16      certification, which means, employment; we don't

      17      need as many people, we may not need as many stores.

      18             So we're asking -- we're asking for your

      19      support on this.

      20             There's a few examples, but one of them is a

      21      pre-apprenticeship program that we're using right

      22      now in our company, which we help underemployed

      23      people that may have made some bad decisions or

      24      can't find employment.

      25             And we are -- we brought a lady, her name was







                                                                   228
       1      Jasmine Carter.  I think a couple of you met her.

       2      Very impressive.

       3             She had made some bad decisions.  Didn't know

       4      what she was going to do with her life.  Nobody

       5      wanted to hire her.

       6             We bring her into this pre-apprenticeship.

       7      You need no knowledge in construction whatsoever.

       8             But there's a labor shortage, so we're

       9      willing to train people.

      10             And we put them through hard- and soft-skills

      11      training.  We get them OSHA 10 training, their

      12      OSHA 10 certificate.  We put them with our

      13      contractors on the job sites and we help them learn

      14      construction.

      15             We also let them learn about the different

      16      jobs in our stores.  Maybe it's inventory and

      17      material moving, or management.

      18             And, after six months of being in this

      19      program, they can determine what they want to do.

      20             Maggie will pay for a full-fledged

      21      apprenticeship program for them if they decide they

      22      want to be in construction, and we'll guarantee them

      23      full-time employment in the industry.

      24             They all have -- through the six-month

      25      program, they have full-time employment, they have







                                                                   229
       1      benefits, they have 401(k); they have everything

       2      everybody else does.

       3             And then if they go in this apprenticeship

       4      program, she pays for it, and they will eventually

       5      become a carpenter, you know, and they'll be able to

       6      be out there.  And they may be working for our

       7      contractors.  They may be a carpenter and start

       8      their own business.

       9             We believe it's a feeding program.

      10             We're able to do this because we're a large

      11      MWBE, we're a large WBE.  And these are some of the

      12      things that we can bring back to this program if

      13      this bill is moved through.

      14             We believe there's -- we believe there's no

      15      other type of business that can support these

      16      businesses than a large helping a small.

      17             We hope that the Senate Republican Conference

      18      supports A-1074 (sic) by supporting the bill and

      19      passing it before end of session and making this law

      20      in New York, so we can all get back to great, good

      21      business and keep growing New York.

      22             Happy to answer any questions.

      23             SENATOR AKSHAR:  All right.  Let's take the

      24      testimony from the other gentlemen, and then we'll

      25      ask questions.







                                                                   230
       1             Mr. Coletti.

       2             LOUIS COLETTI:  Okay.

       3             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you.

       4             LOUIS COLETTI:  I first want to thank the

       5      panel for giving us the opportunity.

       6             I really think you're on to something big.

       7             I've been an advocate for MWBE programs for

       8      over 21 years, and it's like I've talked to myself

       9      all the time.

      10             But I think that you've got people talking to

      11      each other, which is something that we did not have

      12      throughout my career.

      13             What I would like to do today, in the essence

      14      of time, is tell you a little bit about my

      15      organization, a little bit about me, because most of

      16      you are from upstate, and then I'm going to go

      17      through some very specific recommendations, and

      18      I would ask you to consider in terms of moving any

      19      changes forward.

      20             The Building Trades Employers Association of

      21      New York City represents 27 contractor associations

      22      and over 1100 companies.  Almost 10 percent of our

      23      members are MWBE contractors.  We all have

      24      collective bargaining agreements.

      25             Myself, I've been in the industry for 31 --







                                                                   231
       1      in terms of construction volume, my contractors are

       2      doing 35 to 42 billion dollars worth of work in

       3      New York City, both public and private projects.

       4             As to myself, I have been here for 21 years.

       5      I worked in the private sector at a large

       6      construction management company, where part of my

       7      responsibility was to -- MWBE involvement.

       8             I helped, and some of the work that I did, we

       9      ran successful MWBE programs for the Atlanta

      10      Olympics out in Los Angeles City Hall, the Grand

      11      Central Station, and four or five state contracts.

      12             So I believe Senator Sanders will attest to

      13      the fact that I have a very strong working

      14      relationship with the MWBE community.

      15             New York, obviously, is very different than

      16      the rest of the state.

      17             We did something that I think -- we've

      18      submitted to you, I'm not going to go into it in

      19      depth -- we did the first study of its kind in

      20      New York City.  It was called a "capacity study,"

      21      not a disparity study.

      22             This study measured actual contract awards,

      23      by dollar volume, by minority status, and gender, so

      24      we can see where -- where we fell based on actual

      25      contractor volume.







                                                                   232
       1             To no one's surprise, Dr. Thomas Boston

       2      came up with a conclusion, that he didn't see how

       3      New York City was going to hit the 30 percent goal.

       4             So, if we can't hit it in New York City,

       5      I empathize with the problems that you have in your

       6      own districts.

       7             We didn't quarrel with the 30 percent goal.

       8             We then put up -- I have a minority and women

       9      leadership council.

      10             We came up with this -- a book, which I think

      11      we've submitted to you, which includes a number of

      12      recommendations on how to improve and strengthen the

      13      program.

      14             You know, there's been a lot of conversation

      15      today, and -- about goals, and studies.

      16             And I think that what you have to keep in the

      17      back of your mind, you hit -- you hit the nail on

      18      the head right at the beginning of the hearing:

      19      It's all about capacity.

      20             That's what it's about.

      21             How do we build capacity so that, some day,

      22      we may be able to achieve a 30 percent goal?

      23             And I think that's the challenge for us to

      24      do, and try to meet.

      25             And the program needs -- in my opinion, it's







                                                                   233
       1      had limited success, wouldn't deny it, but it's like

       2      building -- trying to build a 30-story building when

       3      you put a foundation up for 15 stories.

       4             There has to be a stronger foundation as we

       5      move forward, and I'll start right from the

       6      beginning.

       7             Senator Little, you asked a question about

       8      the certification process.

       9             Whether it's the cities or the states, just

      10      throw it out and start over again.  Don't try to fix

      11      it, because you'll spend all of your time fixing it.

      12             Okay.  There -- if -- if, at worst, there

      13      should only be two certification -- uniform

      14      certification applications:

      15             One for New York City if they don't want to

      16      cooperate;

      17             And one for the state, that covers all your

      18      local jurisdictions, the port authority, the state

      19      agencies at work in New York State.

      20             One.

      21             You've heard the testimony, it is a

      22      horrendous process.

      23             What no one has said here, that I think is

      24      really devastating for this program, is while

      25      they're waiting the 8 months for the







                                                                   234
       1      recertification, you can't bid any other work, so

       2      they lose the opportunity.

       3             At least, okay, make your decision, but let

       4      me at least compete for the work.

       5             No.

       6             So the certifi -- and in this report, if

       7      you'll look at this section, there is a very

       8      extensive discussion about the City certification

       9      process, which I'm sure is very similar to the

      10      State's, because one of the problems is, a lot of

      11      the data that's collected, the State's in a very

      12      difficult position.

      13             I understand an MWBE doesn't want to give

      14      certain proprietary data to a public entity, because

      15      that goes on the website, it becomes public

      16      information.

      17             But if you want one of my prime contractors

      18      to hire someone they don't know, that information

      19      there doesn't always lead us to believe, I'm going

      20      to call up this MWBE contractor I don't know because

      21      I have a goal here.

      22             So we don't use it.

      23             We don't use it.

      24             It's not a good, good source of information.

      25             So what has happened is, all the major







                                                                   235
       1      contractors end up doing all of this process, all

       2      for each of their own individual firms.

       3             And you know who that costs?

       4             The taxpayer, because that cost is then

       5      included in the cost of the bid for that job.  It

       6      has to be.

       7             I have to take exception to my good friend

       8      Renee Saxson (sic), very close relationship.

       9             But to hear her sit here and say that my

      10      prime contractors are -- are -- they can find MWBs

      11      if they can't, is nothing but utter nonsense.

      12             Okay?

      13             I can tell you, on some major billion-dollar

      14      projects in New York City, my contractors have told

      15      me they are spending $3 million to try to identify

      16      MWB contractors.

      17             And here's how the process goes:

      18             You have a big event, 400 people show up.

      19      Half of them are suppliers.

      20             In New York City, we -- it doesn't have a

      21      supplier, but this is a state project so you can

      22      count them.

      23             The next meeting they set up, they identify

      24      all the contractors and they have a pre-bid

      25      conference.  Well, that number now goes, from 300,







                                                                   236
       1      to 100.

       2             Then after the pre-bid conference, they then

       3      call a second meeting to come in and look at the

       4      drawings.  Now you're down to 50.

       5             Now it's time to submit the bid.  If you get

       6      20 bids, you're lucky.

       7             And that could be for a whole host of

       8      reasons.  The MWBE is busy.  They decide that's not

       9      the kind of job they want to do.

      10             We have a different problem in New York City.

      11             For the MWBEs who are successful, we're

      12      actually finding that their prices are 10 percent

      13      higher than the other bids we solicit, because they

      14      know the pool is small, so they figure they can

      15      charge what they want.

      16             And in cases when it's a low-bid situation,

      17      it's another reason why you don't get to the goal,

      18      because my contractor, who's bid a job with a

      19      hard-dollar number, says, I can't take your number

      20      with 10 percent.  I have to take the low number.

      21             So it's -- it's -- the time now is for

      22      reform.

      23             I'm getting too old.  I want to see this

      24      happen before I retire.

      25             So I want to go over some things are very,







                                                                   237
       1      very specific in terms of what you can do as a

       2      legislative body, okay, and I agree with other

       3      speakers.

       4             According to the law, every agency on every

       5      project is supposed to share the methodology for how

       6      they came up with the goal.

       7             You heard the attorney, the previous speaker,

       8      is the only person that I heard use the term

       9      "aspirational goal."

      10             He's the only one that's correct.

      11             You read Croson versus Richmond, Virgina,

      12      goals are aspirational.

      13             Not mandated.

      14             Aspirational.

      15             The way the State is running the program,

      16      they're not aspirational.  They're mandatory.

      17             And if we don't find a way to solve this,

      18      we're going to end up down a path, where

      19      I believe -- the answer to Senator Sanders'

      20      question -- I believe Philadelphia and New Jersey

      21      had lawsuits, and that were completely thrown out

      22      because of many of the same administrative

      23      requirements that the State has.

      24             Nobody wants to do that.  Nobody.

      25             So they have to do that.







                                                                   238
       1             And they should also fix the goal based on

       2      what the actual hard cost of construction is.

       3             In too many instances, we've said, well, this

       4      is 100-million-dollar project, so the goal is

       5      30 percent of $100 million.

       6             Well, that's the acquisition; the land,

       7      that's the design cost.

       8             What's the actual hard construction cost?

       9             Sixty?

      10             Then it should be the percentage of the hard

      11      construction costs, not the total project.

      12             And establish uniform procedures for clearly

      13      documenting what "best efforts" are.

      14             And if the best-effort documentation is met,

      15      then there should be an automatic waiver.  Period.

      16             And then, please, please, eliminate all the

      17      language that exists, and that existed in the budget

      18      language:  The liquidated damages, and poor

      19      performance evaluations when you can't achieve the

      20      goals.

      21             They are blatantly illegal.

      22             Blatantly.

      23             Again, rescind all the provisions which call

      24      for criminal penalties.

      25             There was just the case in the port authority







                                                                   239
       1      of New York and New Jersey, where the steel

       2      contractor who provided all the steel for Towers 1

       3      and 2, and had an MWB partner, were convicted by a

       4      jury of MWBE fraud.

       5             The MWBE pled guilty, acknowledged that he

       6      really didn't do any work.

       7             The jury found both parties -- well, the one

       8      party guilty, and the judge threw it, the criminal

       9      conviction, out of court, saying that MWBE goals are

      10      not criminal violations, and, in the contract of the

      11      port authority, he followed every step along the

      12      way.

      13             He documented his best efforts, the authority

      14      was provided the service it contracted for, and

      15      threw the case out.

      16             Criminal case.

      17             So let's not go down that road.

      18             I talked about certify -- certifications, so

      19      I'll go on to the last one in interest of time --

      20      the last couple of them.

      21             This one I know will be difficult.

      22             You have to reform the 240 scaffold law.

      23             Insurance costs in this state, okay,

      24      represent 9 to 10 percent of the hard cost of

      25      construction.







                                                                   240
       1             When my contractors bid in New Jersey,

       2      Connecticut, and anywhere else, it's 2 to 3 percent.

       3             MWBE contractors either cannot even get

       4      general liability insurance or can't afford it.

       5             In the absence of that happening, then

       6      I would urge the State to establish a New York State

       7      general liability insurance company firm for small

       8      businesses.

       9             You can't do it based on race, but you can do

      10      it for small businesses.

      11             For as many of the large contractors that

      12      I represent, 65 percent of my members are small

      13      businesses.

      14             Construction is a small-business industry, so

      15      they're all suffering with that.

      16             Number two:  The State has a bonding program

      17      and the State has a loan program.

      18             They need to get more banks involved.

      19             They need to bring the surety companies to

      20      the table.

      21             You know, helping an MWBE apply for a surety

      22      bond is a very positive thing to do.

      23             But then, for whatever reason, they don't get

      24      the surety bond, you haven't accomplished anything.

      25             So you need that kind of conversation, and







                                                                   241
       1      getting more banks to participate in that.

       2             Here's something that the Legislature did two

       3      years ago, that I would encourage you to do again:

       4             Two years ago you passed a law, and the

       5      Governor signed it, establishing a small-business

       6      program for the MTA to award contracts of $400,000

       7      and below directly to small businesses, and waive

       8      the bonding.

       9             You should -- my suggestion to you is, you

      10      should do it for both all city and state agencies.

      11             Give them an opportunity to be a prime

      12      contractor.

      13             Waive the bonding.  Let them build up their

      14      experience so they can be -- grow and grow and grow.

      15             Denise Richardson touched on this, and

      16      I don't know how the Legislature does this:  Cash

      17      flow is the life and death of any contractor, more

      18      so if you're an MWB contractor.

      19             I have been in this business for 31 years.

      20      I have never seen the public change-order process,

      21      payment process, as lousy as it is today in any city

      22      agency or any state agency.

      23             Well, you're supposed to pay -- you passed

      24      the law, you're supposed to pay in 30 days.

      25             Well, now you get into the argument:







                                                                   242
       1             Well, when does the clock start?

       2             Oh, I didn't get a chance to look at it yet,

       3      so the invoice is on my desk, so the 30 days doesn't

       4      start till I look at it.

       5             If you're an MWBE contractor, you're bankrupt

       6      by the time you get it.

       7             And I wish that the agencies would stop

       8      asking the general contractors to get in the banking

       9      business.

      10             We're not bankers.

      11             We're contractors.  We shouldn't be floating

      12      loans.

      13             There was a discussion today about the

      14      regional programs.

      15             And I would highly suggest to you that you

      16      create regional capacity-building programs, and put

      17      more than $25 million on the table to finance it.

      18             So far, over the years, these programs

      19      started out as a governmental public policy.

      20             And as the requirements grew, rather than

      21      putting more money on the table to be a partner, all

      22      you did was shift all the burden to the private

      23      sector.

      24             We have to be a partner.

      25             And for those prime contractors that







                                                                   243
       1      participate in that, they should get 10-points

       2      credit toward the MWBE goal, and I'll tell you why.

       3             When you go -- you heard a lot of

       4      conversation today about mentor programs?

       5             If you don't do it through a third party,

       6      I'll tell you the experience we had in New York

       7      City.

       8             And you heard a story here, about a woman

       9      contractor who needed a piece of equipment.  The

      10      equipment was on the site, wasn't being used.

      11             And the prime said, I can't loan it to you,

      12      but I can loan it to that White contractor.

      13             In New York City we have had every major

      14      construction manager be called in between either the

      15      Manhattan District Attorney or the federal Brooklyn

      16      prosecutor.

      17             I had Loretta Lynch in my office, telling me,

      18      they're charging them with MWBE fraud because we

      19      tried to provide assistance to a company on a job,

      20      which has been the tradition of this industry for

      21      100 years.  Contractors have always helped their

      22      subcontractors grow.

      23             They did it, they got hauled in.  Well, you

      24      either pay this $5 million fine or we're going to

      25      file criminal charges.







                                                                   244
       1             So, they paid the fine.

       2             Do you think the federal government put any

       3      of the money back in the MWB programs?

       4             No.  They got awards for bringing in the most

       5      money.

       6             That is not going to change.  Okay?

       7             The models that have to be changed are the

       8      third party, the kind of programs that

       9      Michael Garner has set up, both at the school

      10      construction authority, and now at the MTA, where

      11      there are pre-qualified experts, whether they be

      12      financial, whether it be construction managers,

      13      attorneys.

      14             And if an MWBE company is struggling on the

      15      job, the prime goes to the agency and says, Look,

      16      that company needs some help in doing its paperwork.

      17             And you get an independent third party to

      18      help them out, because you cannot get -- if the

      19      company is working -- if the subcontractor is --

      20      MWB's working directly for the GC, they cannot, and

      21      will not, they're not going to take the risk of

      22      helping them.

      23             And if we don't find a way to provide that

      24      technical assistance, they're not going to grow.

      25             And I think you'll be happy to hear, that's







                                                                   245
       1      it.

       2             Now, I'm going close it by one of my famous

       3      sayings that you'll see in almost anything I talk

       4      about with MWBE.

       5             That, in closing, I am reminded of a saying

       6      by Confucius from 500 BC.

       7             "When goals can't be reached, don't adjust

       8      the goals, adjust the action steps."

       9             And I think -- just by having this hearing,

      10      I think we're right at the precipice of adjusting

      11      the action steps.

      12             And so I thank you for the opportunity.

      13             I hope I didn't suck up all your time, Brian.

      14             But please consider us a resource, because

      15      the problems you're having in your rural districts

      16      are really not that different than in New York City.

      17             It's -- it's -- it's a -- it's a matter of

      18      scale, but they're the same types of problems.

      19             So, thank you.

      20             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, Mr. Coletti.

      21             Mr. Sampson.

      22             BRIAN SAMPSON:  So I was going to start off

      23      by saying good morning, but it's now afternoon.

      24                  [Laughter.]

      25             BRIAN SAMPSON:  So, I appreciate that.







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       1             And I'm not going to spend a whole lot of

       2      time.  We have testimony that you can read

       3      afterwards.

       4             We support the MWBE program as an

       5      association.  We represent over 450, what we

       6      consider, merit-shop contractors across the state of

       7      New York.

       8             Those are contractors who believe that their

       9      bid should be awarded based on the merit of the bid,

      10      not through any undue influence.

      11             In a nutshell, that's what we look for.  It's

      12      a free-enterprise system.

      13             And our contractors, over the years, have

      14      done a great deal of mentoring with MWBE firms, to

      15      help them grow, to help them get into doing a lot of

      16      this work.

      17             And I think, overall, you know, we support

      18      what's going on here.  And I think there's some

      19      things that can be done to make this process a

      20      little bit better.

      21             I think you've heard some of the

      22      recommendations today.

      23             We do recommend that a new disparity study be

      24      conducted in the state of New York.

      25             The one that was released, I think, to







                                                                   247
       1      Mike Elmendorf's point, dropped on, you know, the

       2      Friday before the 4th of July, was probably an

       3      inopportune time, and, more likely, the result of

       4      what was in study.

       5             So we think a new one needs to be done.

       6             We do agree that, in the pre-bid documents,

       7      the goals for that project should be shared with the

       8      contractor so they can consider that time, and know

       9      what the standards are that they have to meet.

      10             I think that that is an absolute wonderful

      11      thing.

      12             Regional disparity has to be done.

      13             I think to Lou's point, if 30 percent can't

      14      be reached in New York City, there's absolutely no

      15      way they're going to do it in the Southern Tier and

      16      there's no way they're going to do it in the

      17      North County.

      18             So you have to have some capacity for

      19      regional disparity.

      20             And then the other thing we would ask that

      21      maybe be considered is:  What is the diversity of

      22      the bidding contractor and their suppliers?  So what

      23      does their workforce look like?

      24             If part of the goal of an MWBE program is to

      25      get minorities employment, then that should be







                                                                   248
       1      considered.

       2             So what is their employment, and can that be

       3      considered towards reaching whatever the ultimate

       4      goal would be?

       5             So we think those are some very positive

       6      steps that we can take in this process.

       7             But we also believe that this issue can't be

       8      looked at simply in a vacuum.

       9             Construction is not a single-issue industry,

      10      so we have to look at some of the other challenges

      11      that New York faces and puts in front of our

      12      contractors.

      13             We survey our members every year.

      14             MWB comes up as the number-one issue;

      15             Second issue that comes up are project labor

      16      agreements;

      17             Third thing that comes one is the scaffold

      18      law;

      19             And the fourth thing that comes up is

      20      workers' compensation reform.

      21             And we'd like to thank you for the work that

      22      did you last year on workers' comp.  We've seen some

      23      very positive numbers coming out.  We're looking to

      24      see what that will do for those rates.

      25             But when you look at those issues, we have to







                                                                   249
       1      look at them in the context of this MWBE.

       2             When you consider issues like annualization,

       3      "annualization" is an interpretation of a regulation

       4      that's at the department of labor when an employee

       5      works public work and private work.

       6             DOL has the authority to come in and audit

       7      those records.  And many times what they'll do is,

       8      they will say to that contractor, This employee

       9      worked most of their time on public work, and not

      10      enough of their time on private work; therefore, you

      11      should apply public wages and benefits to the

      12      private work.

      13             I can share with you two examples of

      14      companies that have been put out of business in the

      15      state of New York because of annualization, one in

      16      Western New York and one in Long Island.

      17             So if we're going to -- and these are both

      18      MWBE firms.

      19             So if we're gonna push for an MWBE expansion,

      20      we have to fix the annualization issue.

      21             We have to fix project labor agreements.

      22             This governor is a big fan of project labor

      23      agreements.

      24             We have a philosophical problem with them.

      25             But I think, if you look at that 2016







                                                                   250
       1      disparity study, there are comment after comment

       2      after comment of minority firms, female-owned firms,

       3      who said that they will not bid public work when

       4      there is a project labor agreement on it.

       5             We have an example in my hometown of a

       6      Jamaican-owned company.  He has an entire workforce

       7      of Jamaicans that he has brought to this country

       8      that are working.

       9             He cannot, and will not, bid a

      10      project-labor-agreement job because he cannot put

      11      his employees to work on that job.

      12             So if we're going to look at public work,

      13      let's look at it in a fair, rational way.  Perhaps

      14      you allow a project to be bid with and without a

      15      PLA.

      16             That's an opportunity to level that playing

      17      field to make it a little bit more competitive.

      18             And I would ask you, as a legislative body,

      19      currently, the office of general services has an RFP

      20      out, to do five years of PLA studies, to identify

      21      contractors to do that.

      22             We have a significant issue with that RFP, in

      23      that one of the qualifying -- the main qualifying

      24      point for those potential bidders is that they have

      25      to have had a PLA study accepted and implemented.







                                                                   251
       1             So you're taking a pool of potential bidders

       2      and you're narrowing it down to people that have

       3      supported, through a PLA study, the implementation

       4      of PLAs.

       5             That is a dramatic and drastic overreach by

       6      OGS, and it has to be addressed.

       7             And I'll close with:  Please look at these

       8      issues in totality.

       9             Not any one issue will make or break what's

      10      going to happen in this industry, and we may have

      11      philosophical differences on what is right and what

      12      is wrong.

      13             But at the end of the day, we have an

      14      obligation to put projects up, that are done with

      15      the best value, with the best quality, and done at

      16      the best rate for the taxpayers.

      17             And if we want MWBE firms to get more active

      18      in public work, we have to remove those barriers,

      19      and those legislative and regulatory issues, that

      20      stifle them from getting involved.

      21             And with that, I'll close.

      22             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, Mr. Sampson.

      23             Any questions from the dais?

      24             OFF-CAMERA SENATOR:  No, thank you.

      25             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Senator Sanders?







                                                                   252
       1             SENATOR SANDERS:  Thank you; thank everybody,

       2      for coming out.

       3             You've given much food for thought, and

       4      there's so much I could say, but I'm going to -- I'm

       5      going to save my few words for Mr. Coletti.

       6             OFF-CAMERA SPEAKER:  Of course.

       7             SENATOR SANDERS:  This is one of the smartest

       8      guys.

       9             OFF-CAMERA SPEAKER:  I was going to say that.

      10             SENATOR SANDERS:  He's already given book

      11      after book of -- of -- of ways to go about this

      12      stuff, have ways to make it better.

      13             I may disagree with book after book

      14      (indiscernible), I may disagree with some points,

      15      but, consistently, he has put some of the best ideas

      16      out on this.

      17             I am looking to challenge the --

      18      Professor Boston's study, sir.

      19             I have been calling GIT (Georgia Institute of

      20      Technology) where he works, to speak to him.  I have

      21      some questions over his stuff.

      22             But that's almost besides the point.

      23             The point is:  Can we do better?

      24             Can we -- do we take a philosophical

      25      position, that -- that we are supposed to do better







                                                                   253
       1      for the entire people of New York, and the nation,

       2      for that matter?

       3             Yes.

       4             This is -- I agree, this is the step forward.

       5      It should be seen as such.

       6             Who started it?

       7             The Republicans started it, but that's

       8      besides the point.

       9             The point is:  Are they right?

      10             If they're right, we should go be bold enough

      11      to go and do some stuff on (indiscernible).

      12             And so far, you're in the -- going in the

      13      right direction, and I commend you.

      14             And, you're going to see me in some of the

      15      most picturesque --

      16                  [Laughter.]

      17             SENATOR SANDERS:  I had to work on that one.

      18      That wasn't my first word.

      19             -- some of the most pics -- picturesque --

      20      I couldn't even do it twice -- places in New York

      21      State.

      22             So I will count the thousand lakes in the

      23      finger.  (Indiscernible.)

      24                  [Laughter.]

      25             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you, Senator Sanders.







                                                                   254
       1             And we just -- I want you to put on the

       2      record how much money 84 Lumber has lost since being

       3      kicked out of the program.

       4             AMY CRISS:  We estimate about $20 million a

       5      year that we have lost personally.

       6             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Since what year?

       7             AMY CRISS:  Since 2015.

       8             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Great.  Okay.

       9             Senator Little.

      10             SENATOR LITTLE:  Just think of the lost jobs

      11      in Watertown by having to close that store, and

      12      that's what we're talking about.  You know, we're

      13      trying to create jobs, not lose them.

      14             But I commend you on coming forward with a

      15      way to look at the ones who are over them, the

      16      personal net worth, although, other states don't

      17      have it, and I understand New York City doesn't have

      18      a personal net worth cap.

      19             So, we ought to be looking at that, because

      20      there's got to be a better way to do that part of

      21      it.

      22             Thank you.

      23             LOUIS COLETTI:  Can I say something on the

      24      personal net worth, because, Senator, you make a

      25      very important point.







                                                                   255
       1             In New York City, they chose a dollar-volume

       2      work.

       3             I don't know whether it's right or wrong.

       4             The issue, as I understand it, in the State's

       5      discussion, because we believe you should lift the

       6      personal net worth cap also, is there's a

       7      constitutional requirement, you can't keep it

       8      open-ended.

       9             So what is that -- and I certainly don't know

      10      what the answer is, but we support lifting the

      11      personal net worth.

      12             SENATOR LITTLE:  But I really want to look at

      13      Amy's idea.  I think that that -- there would be a

      14      lot of benefits to that program.

      15             LOUIS COLETTI:  Yes.

      16             SENATOR LITTLE:  Thank you.

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Thank you for your

      18      testimony.

      19             LOUIS COLETTI:  Thank you for your patience

      20      and interest.

      21             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Okay.  Last --

      22             SENATOR SANDERS:  Thank you to the Chair.

      23             Oh, I'm sorry.

      24             SENATOR AKSHAR:  One more group.

      25             SENATOR SANDERS:  Absolutely.







                                                                   256
       1             SENATOR LITTLE:  It's a great way to do it.

       2             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Yep.

       3             So, Campbell Wallace, Tom Carey, and

       4      John Murphy, they'll be the last three to testify.

       5             And I think we bought ourselves an extra

       6      10 or 15 minutes.

       7             Tom Carey, John Murphy, did we lose you?

       8             I don't blame you.

       9             Okay.  Dominic, why don't you start.

      10             Thank you.

      11             DOMINIC CASSANELLI:  Sure.

      12             First and foremost, I want to thank everybody

      13      on the panel for giving us an opportunity -- me an

      14      opportunity to speak, and, labor, a seat at the

      15      table.  We really appreciate that.

      16             I had a bunch of examples that I was ready to

      17      give you guys, and, for lack of time, I'll be quick,

      18      and I have one example that kind of encompasses all

      19      of my examples.

      20             And, I just want to start by saying, this is

      21      a very progressive idea, one that I, technically,

      22      agree with.  But, with every idea there's certain

      23      issues that you don't foresee in the course of that

      24      idea.

      25             And, as a labor organization, as a union







                                                                   257
       1      representative, and the employees we represent, and

       2      the contractors that we deal with on a day-to-day

       3      basis, we hear certain scenarios that possibly you

       4      guys don't hear, and -- and I want to be a voice for

       5      you guys to help you to hear those.

       6             And one of the main ones that has been

       7      touched on here is the amount of time it takes to

       8      actually get the certification.

       9             We have truck-rental company.  It took almost

      10      two years to receive their certification.

      11             Now, in the course of those two years, the

      12      amount of opportunities that they lost due to not

      13      having that certification was tremendous.

      14             And, it doesn't just affect that trucking

      15      company.

      16             If you're familiar with construction now, a

      17      lot of these contractors, they decide to -- just

      18      with the liabilities and the insurance factor, they

      19      decide not to buy trucks, and -- as opposed to rent

      20      them.  It's just cheaper a way of doing business,

      21      and a smarter way, to be honest.

      22             But -- so the issue therein lies, is that

      23      these truck-rental companies, like this company that

      24      I'm talking about, that went for the certification

      25      and couldn't get it for two years, when you go --







                                                                   258
       1      and all these contractors now, when you go and you

       2      start a job, and you lay a shovel in the ground,

       3      more than likely, the dirt happens to be

       4      contaminated.

       5             And, if you ask me, and if you look, in

       6      Westchester, which is where -- we represent

       7      Westchester in Putnam County.

       8             Westchester, Putnam, and in the five

       9      boroughs, you know how many companies there are that

      10      haul contaminated that are an MWBE?

      11             "One," to handle Westchester, Putnam and all

      12      five boroughs.

      13             All of the rest of the companies come from

      14      New Jersey.

      15             Now, I don't think that this program was

      16      started to help New Jersey companies get work in

      17      New York State.  I mean, it doesn't seem prudent to

      18      New York State.  I mean, you're eliminating jobs

      19      from New York, and allowing New Jersey companies to

      20      come in and do the work.

      21             Another point to this, the best-effort test

      22      that you have to meet, is we're noticing a lot that

      23      the -- again, we represent 300-some contractors in

      24      Westchester and Putnam alone -- and one of the tests

      25      that don't meet the criteria is that they have a







                                                                   259
       1      labor contract.

       2             So, we dealt with a company who had no other

       3      choice but to go outside of the union realm and hire

       4      any non-union concrete company.

       5             There happens to not be any union MWBE

       6      concrete companies in Westchester and Putnam County,

       7      so, they went outside the scope of our labor

       8      contract.  We had issues with that.

       9             And their answer to us was that, Well, that

      10      doesn't meet the test.  You know, just because we

      11      have a labor contract, that doesn't show that we

      12      gave our best effort.

      13             So they can, therefore, violate our labor

      14      contract to go outside and hire a non-union company.

      15             Like I said, non-union, union, okay, but what

      16      about the local labor?

      17             And the problem with this is that, that

      18      concrete company happened to be from out of the

      19      area, not in Westchester, not in Putnam.

      20             So now you're not having people shop in our

      21      stores, you're not having people pay the taxes that

      22      we have to pay in Westchester, and you know it's one

      23      of the highest.

      24             So these are just some of the examples that

      25      I wanted to give, that, I don't know the answers.







                                                                   260
       1      I don't have the answers, but I'm willing to discuss

       2      all these issues.

       3             And like I said, I have many more -- many

       4      more examples of companies that bid work, that, when

       5      they won the job, they couldn't even use their

       6      20 trucks that they had sitting, because they had to

       7      meet a certain goal.  So they had to sit all their

       8      trucks and rent.

       9             It's a problem.

      10             And, I think the more and more you talk to

      11      the MWB enterprises and the non-MWB enterprises,

      12      I think you'll get more of a gauge of where people

      13      lie, and maybe better avenues to try to rectify the

      14      issues that are at hand.

      15             And I thank you for giving me the time to

      16      speak.

      17             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Dominic, thank you.

      18             DOMINIC CASSANELLI:  Thank you.

      19             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Mr. Wallace.

      20             CAMPBELL WALLACE:  Thank you.

      21             Thanks for having me on today.

      22             Senator Akshar, Senator Ritchie, appreciate

      23      the opportunity to share the engineering industry's

      24      perspective with this panel.

      25             I'm not going belabor the many points that







                                                                   261
       1      were made earlier.  We agree with a lot of the

       2      solutions that were proposed.

       3             One thing we do want to make clear, though,

       4      is that the engineering industry, like the legal

       5      industry that was represented earlier, is a

       6      professional-service industry, and the barriers to

       7      entry to it are intentional.

       8             Engineering and architecture in the

       9      allied-design industries, they're tough to get into

      10      by design, so that things aren't designed

      11      incorrectly, the public is protected, and there's

      12      not as much movement in and out of the industry.

      13             One thing the engineering industry operates

      14      in is a world of facts and figures, and objective of

      15      measurable reality.

      16             So, when we looked at the most recent

      17      disparity study, we definitely scratched our head

      18      for a moment and wondered where some of the numbers

      19      came from, especially, as I said earlier, we're a

      20      licensed profession.  And to be an engineer, you

      21      have to be certified by the state education

      22      department.

      23             So, you can go on the website and see exactly

      24      who's a licensed engineer in the state.  It's a

      25      pretty well-defined and well-described world.  You







                                                                   262
       1      can tell who exactly is in -- is in this industry.

       2             And with minimal further research, you can

       3      look at the demographics of this industry also.

       4             And, the numbers we came up with in our

       5      association, I should say, we are ACEC New York, and

       6      we represent 270 member firms in the consulting

       7      engineering industry, and our membership reflects

       8      the membership of the state's engineering industry

       9      as a whole very closely.

      10             And, I believe that we have

      11      20-something percent minority or minority -- women-

      12      or minority-owned firms.  That's the rough estimate

      13      of the makeup of our profession.

      14             And in the construction-related industry, a

      15      section of the most recent disparity study, the

      16      numbers didn't match, didn't even come close to

      17      that.  We're not quite sure what they were looking

      18      at.

      19             So, obviously, for the program to succeed,

      20      and we want the MWBE program to succeed, full stop.

      21      We think it's -- the -- the social goals behind it

      22      are laudable, and it really provides a lot of

      23      opportunity for the state, in general.

      24             For the program to succeed, though, it has to

      25      be done in such way that comports to reality, and







                                                                   263
       1      is -- and will stand up strong to any, you know,

       2      potential challenges.

       3             So, clearly, having the disparity study

       4      redone in such a way that truly measures what is

       5      measurable to.  This isn't something that is not

       6      knowable.  We really think that's a key step, going

       7      forward.

       8             Some other things that would really help the

       9      program a lot:

      10             Obviously, speeding up the certification

      11      process.

      12             We have firms that have called us and spoke

      13      to us, who are members, and said:

      14             You know, we'd love to participate.  We just

      15      can't get through the effort.  We're so busy with

      16      doing what we're doing.  You know, the state, in

      17      some areas, is booming, there's a lot of

      18      construction going on.  We can't take time out of

      19      what we do to go through the process to get

      20      certified.

      21             And it would make lives easier for some of

      22      our larger firms, to work with the firms that want

      23      to be certified.  But if they can't even get in the

      24      program in the first place, that's certainly not

      25      helping anyone.







                                                                   264
       1             Capacity is something that has to be measured

       2      also.

       3             Looking at Firm A and Firm B, one might --

       4      one might be one category, and the other might be in

       5      a separate category.  But to say that the two can do

       6      equivalent work isn't realistic.

       7             In looking at the disparities in the state,

       8      capacity is a huge thing.  They're not equivalent

       9      across the board.

      10             So that's something that we think has to be

      11      addressed in the next disparity study.

      12             Finally, you know, we have a number of best

      13      practices.  I'm not going to belabor this because

      14      this has already been said.

      15             The flexibility, it has to be regionally

      16      focused, and it there has to be flexibility in how

      17      the numbers are driven.

      18             And compliance should be an evaluative,

      19      communicative tool.  Firms that do make a good

      20      effort to try to comply, it shouldn't be held over

      21      their head and they shouldn't hammered with it.

      22             Waivers are something, again, have been said.

      23             As the disparity -- or, pardon me.

      24             As the goal numbers have gone up, waivers

      25      have gone up.  We think that's a really good proxy







                                                                   265
       1      for the fact that there's a misalignment between

       2      what the numbers are and what the reflective -- what

       3      the demographics are in the state.

       4             So, again, in the interest of time, I won't

       5      go through my entire testimony, but we stand ready

       6      to answer any questions you may have about it.

       7             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Senator, (indiscernible).

       8             SENATOR MURPHY:  Yes.

       9             First of all, Dominic, thank you for being

      10      here today.

      11             Your example is spot-on, that Senator Little

      12      is talking about, about how we're -- we need to keep

      13      jobs here in New York State.

      14             The intent of this program, I think we all

      15      agree with, the implementation is a disaster --

      16             DOMINIC CASSANELLI:  I agree.

      17             SENATOR MURPHY:  -- of how to try and make

      18      sure that we can supplement it, and make sure that

      19      it's doing the right thing.

      20             Your examples were an excellent overview of

      21      why we need to fix this, to make sure we keep the

      22      jobs here in New York State because we can't make a

      23      quota.  And so now we got to do this, and ex -- and

      24      import people from New Jersey.  And we can't even

      25      have our own people in New York State work.







                                                                   266
       1             And it's a big reason why we're ranked 50th,

       2      dead last, in America as a business-friendly state.

       3             So we'll fix it.

       4             Thank you for being here.

       5             DOMINIC CASSANELLI:  Thank you.

       6             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Senator Little.

       7             SENATOR LITTLE:  Just on the engineering

       8      side, and the architecture, I know, kind of looked

       9      at, in the years past, as a non-traditional job for

      10      women.

      11             And you do have programs, though, right now,

      12      aren't we, where we're encouraging women to become

      13      more interested in math, science, engineering, and

      14      even in architecture?

      15             CAMPBELL WALLACE:  Our association sponsors

      16      scholarships, and a number of them support that

      17      exact interest, as you're saying.

      18             And we agree 100 percent, they have been

      19      fields in the past that have not been as inclusive

      20      as they could have been.  And it's something our

      21      industry has recognized and accepted, and done our

      22      best part to move it forward, and understand that we

      23      have to grow the inclusiveness of our industry, for

      24      sure.

      25             SENATOR LITTLE:  Uh-huh.







                                                                   267
       1             Well, as bad as we are in the North County,

       2      we do have a women-owned architectural business.

       3             So, I guess that's a check to our area.

       4             CAMPBELL WALLACE:  That's fantastic.

       5             SENATOR LITTLE:  Yeah.

       6             Thank you very much.

       7             SENATOR RITCHIE:  Thank you, both.

       8             DOMINIC CASSANELLI:  Thank you.

       9             CAMPBELL WALLACE:  Thank you.

      10             SENATOR RITCHIE:  And with that, we'll be

      11      wrapping up here.

      12             I would just like to say that we got some

      13      really good information today on some of the

      14      challenges, but also on some of the things that are

      15      going well.

      16             Senator Sanders, (indiscernible).

      17             SENATOR SANDERS:  Thank you.

      18             And I want to commend both Chairs for this.

      19             I've always had faith in the American people;

      20      and, therefore, the people of New York State.

      21             I have faith that decent people can grapple

      22      with very difficult issues, and come to something --

      23      something better, something that hasn't been seen

      24      before, something that -- this is an old experiment.

      25             This is an experiment, 400 years old, and







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       1      going, and it's not going be resolved instantly.

       2             But if people of good will come together,

       3      that we can deal with these things.

       4             We're not going to agree on every single

       5      thing, but we should agree that we need to put the

       6      people of New York State first.

       7             And if we can do that, then we can figure

       8      something great.

       9             So I want to commend the Chairs again, and

      10      I want to show how much I believe in this, by taking

      11      my summer, and I'm going to go to -- around town,

      12      and I'm going to see some places.

      13             I always thought the North County was

      14      The Bronx, personally.

      15                  [Laughter.]

      16             SENATOR SANDERS:  So I'm going to discover

      17      some new parts, and see common people trying to live

      18      a decent life, and see whatever the challenges they

      19      are.

      20             And, I know about the challenges of some

      21      places.

      22             And through this process, we can perhaps come

      23      with something that would make all of the

      24      New Yorkers say, You know what?  They actually earn

      25      their pay.







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       1             To the Chairs, again I say, thank you.

       2             And to everybody who sat through this, thank

       3      you, on both sides.

       4             SENATOR AKSHAR:  Yeah, Senator, I think

       5      you -- you make a very valid point.

       6             I think we all want the same thing.  It's

       7      just a matter of how we get there.

       8             And, you know, I think we heard some

       9      recurring themes today.

      10             And my guess is, that we'll hear those same

      11      themes, whether we're in the North County, we're in

      12      Western New York, we're in New York City.

      13             And, again, I think that this is an issue,

      14      regardless of your political persuasion, that, you

      15      know, people want to find some solutions to.

      16             So, I'm incredibly pleased that we're doing

      17      it in a bipartisan manner.

      18             I'm incredibly pleased that we're traveling

      19      throughout the state.

      20             And I too just want to thank everybody for

      21      being here and providing your testimony.

      22             I want to thank the staff who do a remarkable

      23      job.  And, you know, it's relatively easy to be us

      24      on a daily basis because we have such great people

      25      that work in the backside of the house, and they







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       1      really carry our water.

       2             So, whether it's the staff in the back of the

       3      room there that are operating the cameras;

       4             Or from counsel's office, Lisa Harris, thank

       5      you, and your staff, for all that you do.

       6             So, look forward to continuing this

       7      conversation throughout the state.

       8             Thank you.

       9                  (Whereupon, at approximately 1:37 p.m.,

      10        the joint-committee public hearing held before the

      11        New York State Senate Standing Committee on Labor

      12        and the Senate Standing Committee on Economic

      13        Development, concluded, and adjourned.)

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