Public Hearing - June 4, 2014

    


       1      BEFORE THE NEW YORK STATE SENATE MAJORITY COALITION
              JOINT TASK FORCE ON HEROIN AND OPIOID ADDICTION
       2      ------------------------------------------------------

       3                 PUBLIC FORUM:  WESTERN NEW YORK

       4       PANEL DISCUSSION ON HEROIN EPIDEMIC IN THE SENECA
                          NATION AND SURROUNDING AREAS
       5
              ------------------------------------------------------
       6

       7
                               Seneca Nation of Indians'
       8                       Cattaraugus County Reservation

       9
                               June 4, 2014
      10                       1:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m.

      11

      12
              PRESENT:
      13
                 Senator Philip M. Boyle, Task Force Chairman
      14         Chairman of the Senate Committee on Alcoholism and
                 Drug Abuse
      15
                 Senator Catharine M. Young, Forum Moderator
      16         Task Force Member

      17         Senator Patrick M. Gallivan, Task Force Member

      18         Senator George D. Maziarz, Task Force Member

      19

      20

      21

      22

      23

      24

      25







                                                                   2
       1
              OPENING ADDRESS BY:                           PAGE  6
       2
              Mike Kimelberg
       3      Chief Operating Officer
              Seneca Nation of Indians
       4
              Barry E. Snyder, Sr.
       5      President
              Seneca Nation of Indians
       6

       7
              PANELIST INTRODUCTIONS:                       PAGE 22
       8
              Jennifer Alessi, Detective
       9      School Resource Officer,
                 Gowanda Central Schools
      10      Gowanda Police Department

      11      Jodie Altman
              Campus Director
      12      Renaissance Addiction Services, Inc.

      13      Eric J. Balon
              Captain
      14      New York State Police

      15      Arlene Bova
              Tribal Councilor
      16      Seneca Nation, Allegany Territory

      17      Robert Breidenstein
              Superintendent
      18      Salamanca Schools

      19      Ashley Carnes
              Student
      20      Southwestern Middle School

      21      Laura Elliot-Engel
              Executive Director
      22      Council on Addiction Recovery Services
                 aka/ CAReS
      23
              Dr. Lesley Farrell
      24      Commissioner
              Seneca Nation Social Services
      25







                                                                   3
       1
              PANELIST INTRODUCTIONS (Continued):
       2
              Dr. Judith Feld
       3      Associate Medical Director of
                 Behavioral Health
       4      Independent Health

       5      Amanda Fero
              In Recovery For Two Years
       6      Support-Group Leader

       7      Joseph Gerace
              Sheriff
       8      Chautauqua County

       9      Jeffrey Gill
              Tribal Councilor
      10      Seneca Nation, Cattaraugus Territory

      11      Sandra Hill
              SNI Member, Allegheny Territory
      12      Advocate for Victims of Drug Abuse and
                 Their Families
      13
              Joe Holtsley [ph.]
      14      Student
              Silver Creek Central Schools
      15      Vince Horrigan
              County Executive
      16      Chautauqua County

      17      Gabriella Hoose
              Student
      18      Southwestern Middle School

      19      Avi Israel
              President
      20      Save the Michaels of the World

      21      Dr. Henri Lamothe
              Emergency Department Medical Director
      22      Bradford Regional Medical Center
                 Also, Medical Director,
      23         Cattaraugus County
                 Emergency Medical Services
      24

      25







                                                                   4
       1
              PANELIST INTRODUCTIONS (Continued):
       2

       3      Dr. Kenneth Leonard
              Director
       4      University at Buffalo Research Institute
                 on Addictions
       5
              Daniel Ljiljanich
       6      Superintendent
              Silver Creek Central Schools
       7
              Wendy Luce
       8      Division Director of Patient Care
              TLC Health Network at Lake Shore Campus
       9
              Timothy Lynch
      10      Assistant U.S. Attorney
                 Western District of New York
      11      United States Attorney's Office

      12      Bernie Masullo
              Chief of Police
      13      Town of Evans Police Department

      14      Darlene Miller
              Tribal Councilor
      15      Seneca Nation, Allegany Territory

      16      Brian Mohr
              SNI Liaison
      17      Erie County Sheriff's Office and
                 Cattaraugus County Sheriff's Office
      18
              Patricia Munson
      19      Executive Director
              Chautauqua Alcoholism and
      20         Substance Abuse Council

      21      Richard Nephew
              Tribal Councilor
      22      Seneca Nation, Cattaraugus Territory

      23      Cheyanne Neubauer
              Student
      24      Silver Creek Central Schools

      25







                                                                   5
       1
              PANELIST INTRODUCTIONS (Continued):
       2
              Daniel Pacos
       3      Assistant Superintendent for
                 Administration of Finance
       4      Lake Shore Central Schools

       5      Timothy Pence
              School Resource Officer,
       6         Salamanca School
              Cattaraugus County Sheriff's Office
       7
              Richard Rybicki
       8      Principal
              Southwestern Middle School
       9
              Mark Schultz
      10      Principal
              Pioneer Central High School
      11
              Taylor Seneca
      12      Student
              Lake Shore Central Schools
      13
              Michelle Spahn
      14      Buffalo Office, Resident Agent in Charge
              Drug Enforcement Agency
      15
              Douglas Tubinis
      16      School Resource Officer,
                 Lake Shore Central Schools
      17      Town of Evans Police Department

      18      Tim Whitcomb
              Sheriff
      19      Cattaraugus County

      20      Unknown Speaker 1
              (no microphone/no visual name placard)
      21
              Unknown Speaker 2
      22      (no microphone/no visual name placard)

      23      START OF PANELIST PARTICIPATION               PAGE  27

      24      START OF AUDIENCE PARTICIPATION AND Q&A       PAGE 106

      25                            ---oOo---







                                                                   6
       1             MICHAEL KIMELBERG:  My name is

       2      Mike Kimelberg, Seneca Nation Chief Operating

       3      Officer, and I welcome you to this historic event.

       4             The New York State Senate and Seneca Nation

       5      leadership understand that the drug issue knows no

       6      boundaries.

       7             And we welcome the State's Task Force to our

       8      territory today, to work together on this matter of

       9      mutual concern.

      10             Today's joint forum reinforces the need to

      11      tackle this community issue with cooperation,

      12      collaboration, and commitment of all resources at

      13      our disposal.

      14             As is customary, we'll be starting today's

      15      event with a traditional prayer.

      16             I would like to introduce Seneca Nation

      17      member Travis Stafford for today's [speaking native

      18      language], which is -- kind of serves as a daily

      19      reminder to appreciate and acknowledge all things.

      20             Travis.

      21             Oh, for media purposes, we don't videotape or

      22      audiotape this portion.  Thanks.

      23                  [Proceeding taken off video and audio.]

      24                  [The forum resumed, as follows:]

      25             MICHAEL KIMELBERG:  Thank you, Travis, for







                                                                   7
       1      those good words.

       2             We have a robust program today.

       3             I understand it departs a little bit from the

       4      Senate's Task Force format in previous stops, that

       5      it's been more of a hearing format.

       6             Today we're going to do a panel discussion,

       7      and it's really intended to be interactive, with

       8      questions and discussion, and it's broken out by

       9      various topics.

      10             It's really heartening to see such a diverse

      11      cross-section of the community here, as well, today;

      12      in particular, so much representation from our

      13      school districts.

      14             Also, I want to recognize all of the elected

      15      officials who have made time to be here.

      16             From the Seneca Nation:

      17             President Barry E. Snyder, Sr.;

      18             Treasurer Rodney Pierce [ph.];

      19             Tribal Councilor and member of the

      20      Seneca Drug Task Force, Richard Nephew;

      21             Tribal Councilor and task-force member

      22      Arlene Bovay;

      23             Tribal Councilor and task-force member

      24      Jeff Gill;

      25             Tribal Councilor and task-force member







                                                                   8
       1      Darlene Miller.

       2             Also want to recognize the other tribal

       3      councilors from the nation who are in attendance

       4      today:

       5             Councilor Linda Doxtator;

       6             Councilor Christine [ph.] Jimerson;

       7             Councilor Nicki Seneca;

       8             Councilor Al George;

       9             Councilor Travis Jimerson;

      10             Councilor Brian Gonzalez;

      11             And Councilor Tina Abrams.

      12             Thank you.

      13             Also, I want to welcome our friend, the mayor

      14      of Salamanca, Carmen Vecchiarella.

      15             And from New York State, I would like to give

      16      a warm welcome to Senators Cathy Young, Phil Boyle,

      17      Patrick Gallivan, and George Maziarz, as the

      18      co-hosts of today's forum;

      19             And, also, to all the professionals who are

      20      participating on the forum, that are here today.

      21             I think it's fair to say that the disease of

      22      addiction affects us all in some way, directly or

      23      indirectly, people that we know and care for.

      24             So I wanted to take a moment of silence to

      25      remember those who have lost their battle with







                                                                   9
       1      drugs, those who are struggling now, and comfort

       2      those who have lost family and friends.

       3                  [A moment of silence is observed.)

       4             MICHAEL KIMELBERG:  Thank you.

       5             It's now time to get started with the

       6      program.

       7             Before we delve into the panel discussions,

       8      as I mentioned, which are going to be organized by

       9      topic, I'd like to invite a few -- several key

      10      community leaders to say a few words.

      11             Our first speaker, in his 2014 State of

      12      Nation Address, identified the drug issue, in

      13      particular, as reaching a level of community crisis

      14      here in our territories.

      15             But he also recognized the complexity of that

      16      issue, and dealing with it required a multi-faceted

      17      approach.  It's not just about enforcement, but,

      18      awareness, education, community values, et cetera.

      19             So, he's really worked hard with our tribal

      20      council, with our drug task force that was assembled

      21      shortly after that address; and really supporting a

      22      lot of community programs to tackle this problem,

      23      with community action; and also forging some unique

      24      partnerships with our surrounding school districts

      25      and law enforcement through the SRO program, to name







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       1      one.

       2             With that, I'm pleased to introduce the

       3      president of the Seneca Nation, Barry E. Snyder, Sr.

       4                  [Applause.]

       5             MICHAEL KIMELBERG:  It's a long walk.

       6             BARRY E. SNYDER, SR.:  I probably could have

       7      stayed at the table.

       8             It's good to see everybody here, I tell you.

       9             Again, as I always say, [speaking native

      10      language.]

      11             Good morning, and welcome to the

      12      Seneca Nation in a first joint anti-drug task-force

      13      forum between New York State and the nation.

      14             I'm honored to be here today, joining the

      15      finest of our law-enforcement friends, educators,

      16      health-care professionals, and leaders of New York

      17      State and Seneca Nation, who are here, committed to

      18      leading the fight against the addiction to drugs and

      19      alcohol that is breaking down the fabric and

      20      integrity of our communities.

      21             I thank the members of the Seneca Nation

      22      Anti-Drug Task Force and Seneca Strong campaign for

      23      their leadership and commitment to creating positive

      24      change in our territories towards prevention,

      25      treatment, and recovery of alcohol and drug







                                                                   11
       1      addiction.

       2             I send a personal thanks to you, our partners

       3      from New York State, who also tirelessly work on

       4      this lifesaving issue, and have taken on to crusade

       5      to bring this type of forum to communities

       6      throughout New York State;

       7             The efforts of Senator Young, Senator Boyle,

       8      Senator Maziarz, Senator Gallivan, and

       9      County Executive Vince Horrigan are bringing to the

      10      front an issue that can no longer be ignored.

      11             Welcome to all the panelists who have come to

      12      share their experiences, wisdom, and guidance as we

      13      address difficult issues that are, quite simply,

      14      destroying our families and our friends.

      15             Also, thanks to all of the guests who are

      16      here to participate in this discussion; all becoming

      17      ambassadors, as we take this work and messages to

      18      our people, and out into our communities.

      19             Today we are coming to go to protect our

      20      communities' young people that are being targeted

      21      and drawn into the world of illegal-drug use.

      22             The Seneca Nation is dealing with a situation

      23      of epidemic proportions.  There is no time to wait,

      24      and hope that this invasion of illegal drugs into

      25      the lives of our families will run its course and go







                                                                   12
       1      away.

       2             It is something that we need to do together,

       3      as a community, as friends, families, and neighbors,

       4      to save the lives of all of our future generations.

       5             Recently, the Seneca Nation Tribal Council

       6      passed a resolution to establish the drug and

       7      alcohol task force to develop a broad

       8      community-based approach to addressing drug and

       9      alcohol abuse, and aiding and reducing the negative

      10      impact it has on our community.

      11             This task force will work to support their

      12      mission of the newly introduced Seneca Strong fight

      13      against alcohol and drug campaign.

      14             We also are very proud of our work,

      15      established Seneca school -- Seneca resource

      16      officers in our local schools, including Gowanda,

      17      Silver Creek, Lake Shore, and Salamanca.

      18             School-based policing has emerged in recent

      19      years as an effective area of law enforcement.

      20             I think it's effectives can, in large part,

      21      be attributed to the program's collaborative nature

      22      which combines efforts of police agencies,

      23      educators, students, parents, and communities.

      24             Collaboration and mutual respect are the

      25      hallmarks of any successful community action, and







                                                                   13
       1      this program most recently attests to that.

       2             Our kids are our future.

       3             And I'll say it again, "Our kids are our

       4      future."

       5             Providing them with the safe and productive

       6      learning environment gives them the key to thrive

       7      and prosper.

       8             The SRO program is making a significant

       9      contribution and impact in this regard, providing

      10      valuable resources to school staff, fostering a

      11      positive relationship with our youth, and developing

      12      strategies to resolve problems affecting our youth.

      13             And most recently, we began to train our own

      14      Seneca Nation marshals, as you'll see them over

      15      here, and first responders, to carry Narcan, for the

      16      purpose of treating overdose victims.

      17             And all of those efforts, combined work of

      18      the people here today, will send a message to the

      19      good people of the Seneca Nation and the state of

      20      New York that our communities are serious about a

      21      fight against drugs.

      22             I thank everyone involved for their

      23      commitment and dedication to this very important

      24      lifesaving initiative.

      25             For our people, it is my heart-felt belief







                                                                   14
       1      that an issue of this magnitude can only be solved

       2      by our communities.

       3             In conclusion, I want to share a prayer with

       4      you that I live by:

       5             "This is the beginning of a new day.  The

       6      Creator has given us the day to use as we will.  We

       7      can waste it, or we can use it for good, but what we

       8      do today is important because we are exchanging a

       9      day of our lives for it."

      10             I think something we need to talk about all

      11      the time is, what we do today.

      12             Did we do good today?

      13             If we don't do good today, we can't go

      14      tomorrow and look back on tomorrow what we should

      15      have done.

      16             We've run out of options.

      17             There are no more options to what we have to

      18      do.

      19             We know what we have to do.

      20             All we got to do is sit down, collaborate

      21      together, and we got to get this work done.

      22             It's our future, for all of our young people.

      23             All of our young people.

      24             Again, thank you for coming here today.

      25             I know we're going to have a very productive







                                                                   15
       1      forum.

       2             And [speaks native language] from the

       3      President's Office, Tribal Council, from the

       4      Seneca Nation people.

       5             Again, thank you for coming.

       6                  [Applause.]

       7             MICHAEL KIMELBERG:  Thank you,

       8      President Snyder.

       9             Next speaker is a good friend of the

      10      Seneca Nation.  She works tirelessly for her

      11      district on a wide variety of issues.

      12             It's been a pleasure to work with her

      13      throughout the years.

      14             Senator Cathy young.

      15             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      16                  [Applause.]

      17             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, and good

      18      afternoon.

      19             I'd like to join President Barry Snyder in

      20      welcoming everyone here today on this critically

      21      important topic.

      22             I especially want to thank President Snyder

      23      for his leadership; the tribal councilors for all

      24      that they're doing as leaders; and, also, all of the

      25      members of the Seneca Nation for their hospitality,







                                                                   16
       1      for their friendship, and their partnership.

       2             Today truly is a historic day.

       3             Today is a day when the Seneca Nation and

       4      New York State have joined together for the first

       5      time, to tackle policy areas, and work together to

       6      come up with solutions on a specific problem that is

       7      facing all of us.

       8             I also want to thank the panelists who are

       9      here today.

      10             As I look around, I see this great depth of

      11      knowledge and expertise in each of your areas.

      12             And today is bringing all of those pieces of

      13      the puzzle together, because you're experts in what

      14      you do every single day.

      15             But, this is an extremely complex issue.

      16      This is one that does not have a silver-bullet

      17      solution.

      18             And by working together, getting your input

      19      today, we can come up -- come together, and put

      20      together these pieces of the puzzle, so that we can

      21      truly take this issue on.

      22             The heroin and opioid problem is killing

      23      people.  It's wrecking lives, it's wrecking futures,

      24      it's ripping apart families; and we need to do

      25      something about it.







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       1             It's a difficult topic.  It's an ugly, ugly

       2      issue, and it's a tragic issue.

       3             And it's always important to remember that

       4      addiction is an illness.  And that's why we have

       5      people here today, from the health community, we

       6      have educators, we have students, we have

       7      law enforcement.

       8             And, by having everyone around the table, it

       9      provides us, as Senators, with very important data

      10      that we'll take back to Albany.

      11             I especially want to thank my colleagues from

      12      the Senate who are here today.

      13             Senator Phil Boyle comes from Suffolk County,

      14      so he's from the far east.  And, he had to travel a

      15      great distance to be with us, to come do the far

      16      west, because, as we know, Chautauqua County is the

      17      furthest point west in New York State.

      18             But I think it shows a level of commitment on

      19      his part.

      20             He can tell you about what he's been doing.

      21             This is 18th forum that the Senate has held

      22      through this Task Force across New York State.

      23             We've been in every community, we've talked

      24      to every different group, and we've come up with a

      25      package of bills that he will speak to, and also







                                                                   18
       1      report.

       2             And I also want to thank my colleagues,

       3      Senator George Maziarz, Senator Patrick Gallivan,

       4      for all that they do.  They truly are leaders in

       5      Albany.

       6             And we appreciate the fact that they've taken

       7      the time, because they know that this is an issue in

       8      their communities, also.

       9             You know, I also want to recognize,

      10      Assemblyman Andy Goodell is here.

      11             There's Andy Goodell [pointing].

      12             And he's working in the Assembly on these

      13      issues.

      14             And I do want to thank my friend and

      15      colleague, Chautauqua County Executive

      16      Vince Horrigan.

      17             Almost immediately after he took office,

      18      about five months ago, he recognized that something

      19      had to be done about this issue; and so he's held

      20      several forums.

      21             And he's sharing -- he will be sharing his

      22      expertise today, too.

      23             But when you look at Chautauqua County alone,

      24      in particular, the issue is stark.

      25             It's been reported by the New York State







                                                                   19
       1      Department of Health, based on 2010 data -- so this

       2      is data from four years ago, and it underscores the

       3      issue that we're facing -- then, in 2010, the rate

       4      of newborns in hospitals that were discharged with

       5      opiate-type drugs in their systems was 157 infants

       6      per 10,000.

       7             This is almost 150 percent higher than the

       8      New York State average that was just 64 per 10,000.

       9             And as I said, that's based on 4-year-old

      10      data.

      11             The problem of addiction, by all measures,

      12      has grown exponentially since that time.

      13             And so the goal of this roundtable today is

      14      to hear firsthand how real and serious this

      15      drug-addiction problem to opiates and heroin has

      16      become, and to hear from those who have personal

      17      experience, as victims of addiction themselves, as

      18      family members of loved ones who have struggled with

      19      it, and as community leaders in our schools,

      20      assistance agencies, law-enforcement teams, and

      21      government, how to address this program and identify

      22      solutions.

      23             So, again, I commend the Seneca Nation of

      24      Indians for all that they're doing.

      25             And I want to let you know, they've taken







                                                                   20
       1      very proactive steps already.

       2             I commend them for their funding of, for

       3      example, school resource officers who are working

       4      with our youth.

       5             But they're doing many, many things.

       6             Seneca Strong is a very exciting program, and

       7      by having that community participation, I know that

       8      we will make a difference.

       9             So at this time, I would like to introduce my

      10      colleague Senator Phil Boyle, who is the Chair of

      11      the Senate Task Force on Heroin and Opioid

      12      Addiction.

      13             As I said, he's traveled around the state,

      14      and he'd like to share some thoughts today.

      15             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you, Senator Young, and

      16      my Senate colleagues.

      17             I, too, would like to thank President Snyder,

      18      the Seneca Nation Tribal Council, and all the

      19      members of the Seneca Nation Alcohol and Drug Abuse

      20      Task Force, and all the members of the nation for

      21      hosting this forum.

      22             It truly a historic forum, as was said.

      23             And I can tell you that, of the 18 forums

      24      around the state of the Senate Task Force, I have

      25      been able to personally appear at 15 of them.







                                                                   21
       1             It started in my home county of

       2      Suffolk County, and, this is the final one of Senate

       3      Task Force.  It's the first day, historically.  It's

       4      the last one for the Senate Task Force.

       5             But looking at this distinguished panel,

       6      I think I can honestly say we may have saved the

       7      best for last.

       8             The experts here today, and the different

       9      viewpoints we're going to hear, whether it's

      10      education, prevention, treatment, and

      11      law enforcement, is going to come back with some

      12      ideas that we're going to pass into law.

      13             And we're not talking about doing this

      14      six months or two years down the road.

      15             What they're going to talk about, passing

      16      laws in the next couple weeks.

      17             And with the technology we have, if you see

      18      me looking down and texting, it's not because I'm

      19      checking the sports scores, or something like that.

      20      I'm, literally, texting my staff in Albany, to

      21      modify language of legislation that we're going to

      22      be passing in the next couple weeks.

      23             It's going to be immediate, because there's

      24      no more serious issue than heroin/opioid abuse.

      25             As was said, we are losing children, we are







                                                                   22
       1      losing people of all ages, in the territory, and in

       2      New York State, on a daily and weekly basis.  And we

       3      cannot afford to lose one more.

       4             I thank the Seneca Nation for partnering with

       5      us.

       6             And we're going to get answers today, to save

       7      lives, and bring families together.

       8             Thank you, Senator.

       9             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      10                  [Applause.]

      11             SENATOR YOUNG:  I think we'd like to go

      12      around the table.

      13             Now, the great news is, that we have so many

      14      people here today.

      15             But the bad news is, that we have so many

      16      people here today.

      17             So I'm going to ask you to be brief, but if

      18      you could please say your name, so that the people

      19      in the audience can know is here, also, and what

      20      your title is.

      21             So, Charlie, why don't we start with you.

      22             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Inaudible/no microphone.]

      23             SENATOR YOUNG:  Yep, and if you could pass

      24      the microphone, too, so everyone can hear.

      25             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  [Inaudible/no microphone.]







                                                                   23
       1             TAYLOR SENECA:  I'm Taylor Seneca.  I'm a

       2      student at Lake Shore.

       3             DOUG TUBINIS:  I'm Doug Tubinis.  I'm the

       4      school resource officer with Lake Shore Schools.

       5             DANIEL PACOS:  I'm Dan Pacos.  I'm the

       6      assistant superintendent for administration of

       7      finance at Lake Shore Schools.

       8             DANIEL LJILJANICH:  Daniel Ljiljanich,

       9      superintendent of Silver Creek Schools.

      10             CHEYANNE NEUBAUER:  Cheyanne Neubauer, at

      11      Silver Creek.

      12             JOE HOLTSLEY [ph.]:  Joe Holtsley [ph.] of

      13      Silver creek.

      14             DET. JENNIFER ALESSI:  Jen Alessi, school

      15      resource officer for Gowanda Central Schools.

      16             MARK SCHULTZ:  Mark Schultz, the principal of

      17      Pioneer High School.

      18             BRIAN MOHR:  Brian Mohr, Erie County and

      19      Cattaraugus County Sheriffs' Office.

      20             SHERIFF TIMOTHY WHITCOMB:  Tim Whitcomb,

      21      Sheriff, Cattaraugus County.

      22             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  Joe Gerace, Sheriff,

      23      Chautauqua County.

      24             CAPTAIN ERIC J. BALON:  Captain Eric Balon of

      25      the New York State Police.







                                                                   24
       1             ASST. U.S. ATTY TIMOTHY LYNCH:  Timothy Lynch

       2      from the United States Attorney's Office.

       3             MICHELLE SPAHN:  Michelle Spahn, the resident

       4      agent in charge of the Drug Enforcement

       5      Administration, Buffalo Office.

       6             POLICE CHIEF BERNIE MASULLO:  Bernie Masullo,

       7      Chief of Police of the Town of Evans Police

       8      Department.

       9             And we just recently entered into a great

      10      relationship with the Seneca Nation, where they're

      11      sponsoring a school resource officer.

      12             And we're going to help to get a handle on

      13      this very bad situation.

      14             VINCE HORRIGAN:  Vince Horrigan,

      15      County Executive, Chautauqua.

      16             SENATOR MAZIARZ:  George Maziarz, New York

      17      State Senator.

      18             SENATOR GALLIVAN:  Senator Pat Gallivan.

      19             RICHARD NEPHEW:  I'm Richard Nephew, member

      20      of the Seneca Nation Council.

      21             DR. LESLEY FARRELL:  Lesley Farrell,

      22      Social Services Commissioner for the Seneca Nation.

      23             ARLENE BOVA:  [Speaking native language.]

      24             Arlene Bova, Seneca Nation Tribal Councilor.

      25             I'm also an [unintelligible] grandmother of







                                                                   25
       1      seven, mother of five, and community member.

       2             So I have some experience, and a passion to

       3      see things resolved.

       4             [Speaking native language.]

       5             JEFFREY GILL:  Jeffrey Gill, tribal

       6      councilor.

       7             DARLENE MILLER:  [Speaking native language.]

       8             Darlene Miller, tribal councilor,

       9      Allegheny territory.

      10             AVI ISRAEL:  Avi Israel, president of

      11      Save the Michaels of the World.

      12             I lost my son Michael, at 20 years old,

      13      3 years ago today.

      14             AMANDA FERO:  Amanda Fero, support-group

      15      leader, and recovering addict.

      16             LAURA ELLIOTT-ENGEL:  Laura Elliot-Engle,

      17      person in long-term recovery; executive director of

      18      the Council on Addiction Recovery Services.

      19             SANDRA HILL:  Sandra Hill, community member

      20      Allegheny territory, and member of the

      21      Seneca Nation.

      22             DR. HENRI LAMOTHE:  I'm Dr. Henri Lamothe.

      23      I'm a medical director at Bradford Regional Medical

      24      Center.  I work at Olean General Hospital in the

      25      emergency department.







                                                                   26
       1             I'm also the medical director of

       2      Catt County Emergency Medical Services.

       3             DR. KENNETH LEONARD:  I'm Ken Leonard.  I'm

       4      the director of the Research Institute on Addictions

       5      at the University of Buffalo.

       6             WENDY LUCE:  I'm Wendy Luce.  I'm the

       7      division director of patient care at TLC Health

       8      Network at Lake Shore Campus.

       9             PATRICIA MUNSON:  I'm Pat Munson.  I'm

      10      director of the Chautauqua Alcoholism and Substance

      11      Abuse Council.

      12             JODIE ALTMAN:  I'm Jodie Altman.  I'm the

      13      campus director of Renaissance Addiction Services.

      14             DR. JUDITH FELD:  I'm Dr. Judith Feld,

      15      medical director of behavioral health at

      16      Independent Health.

      17             RICHARD RYBICKI:  Richard Rybicki, principal

      18      at Southwestern Middle School.

      19             ASHLEY CARNES:  Ashley Carnes, student at

      20      Southwestern School.

      21             GABRIELLA HOOSE:  Gabriella Hoose, student at

      22      Southwestern School.

      23             ROBERT BREIDENSTEIN:  Bob Breidenstein,

      24      superintendent of Salamanca Schools.

      25             TIMOTHY PENCE:  Tim Pence, Cattaraugus County







                                                                   27
       1      Sheriff's Office, SRO of Salamanca School.

       2             SENATOR YOUNG:  Great, thank you very much.

       3             So, let's kick things off.

       4             We do have people whose lives have been

       5      personally affected by addiction.

       6             And, today we have joining us, she introduced

       7      herself, Amanda Fero.

       8             Amanda is a young woman in her 20s, and

       9      she's been in recovery for two years.

      10             She was a resident at the

      11      Intensive Residential Women's Service in Gowanda,

      12      which, unfortunately, is now closed.

      13             She is pursuing her college education, and

      14      she's a recovery coach.

      15             So, congratulations to you, Amanda, for

      16      turning things around.

      17             And we'd like to hear today your personal

      18      story so that we can fully understand what happened

      19      to you.

      20             AMANDA FERO:  Okay, my name is Amanda Fero,

      21      and I've been in recovery for 18 months, actually.

      22             I grew up in an alcoholic and addicted

      23      family, and, basically, I thought that it was okay

      24      to be that way.

      25             When I was about 18, I started to use opiate







                                                                   28
       1      drugs.  And when I was 22, is when I realized that

       2      I couldn't live without them; that I had to use them

       3      to feel normal.

       4             I was in a lot of trouble due to my

       5      addiction.

       6             And when I actually told on myself, to get

       7      help, I went to a detox center, and they told me

       8      that because I was three days not using, that

       9      I didn't need help.

      10             So, I actually went out and overdosed, and

      11      I had to get court-mandated to get treatment.

      12             I went through a 28-day program after that,

      13      and I still thought that I may need more intensive

      14      treatment.  And, they told me that I was okay to do

      15      outpatient.

      16             Again, my addiction went at its worst, and

      17      I started to do heroin.

      18             And, thankfully, actually, I got arrested

      19      again, and my probation officer and the judge made a

      20      plan with me to get intensive.

      21             So, again, it had to be court-mandated

      22      because there was no other way that I was going to

      23      get the treatment.

      24             I did eight months' inpatient at the Gowanda

      25      TLC, and it saved my life.  It help me turn my life







                                                                   29
       1      around.

       2             So...

       3             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Amanda.

       4             I know that you grew up in a home that had

       5      addiction problems.

       6             But, were there friends -- or, how did you

       7      first become introduced to drugs?

       8             Was it through school? through friends?

       9             How did that happen to you?

      10             AMANDA FERO:  It was through friends, that

      11      I started to drink with friends, and then it turned

      12      into other drugs, like marijuana.

      13             And around 18 is when I started to do

      14      prescription medication.  And that was through my

      15      friends who had them, who were selling them on the

      16      streets.

      17             SENATOR YOUNG:  And when you got into heroin,

      18      how did that happen?

      19             Where did you get the heroin from, basically?

      20      Or, how -- was it easily accessible?

      21             AMANDA FERO:  Yes.

      22             The same people that I was doing prescription

      23      medication with, when that was all gone, that was

      24      the last option, was heroin.  And that's why

      25      I started to do heroin, because I was -- I was sick







                                                                   30
       1      and I felt like my body needed it.

       2             So, that's why I started to do heroin after

       3      that.

       4             SENATOR YOUNG:  Uh-huh.

       5             Did you want to ask?

       6             SENATOR BOYLE:  That's quite a common story,

       7      unfortunately, around the state.  But -- but I'm

       8      glad that you saw it and got the recovery.

       9             One of things we've seen is the fact that

      10      people actually have to get arrested and go into the

      11      criminal justice system just to get the treatment

      12      they need.

      13             And that's one of the things we're looking to

      14      change.

      15             SENATOR YOUNG:  Any other questions?

      16             I want to thank you, Amanda, for being here

      17      today to share your story, because it's very

      18      positive from the standpoint that, by sharing your

      19      story, you can give us great direction as to what

      20      needs to be changed.

      21             And, I want to thank you for your courage,

      22      and thank you for your participation today, because

      23      it really, really is very, very helpful.

      24             So, thank you for that.

      25             AMANDA FERO:  Thank you.







                                                                   31
       1                  [Applause.]

       2             SENATOR MAZIARZ:  Thank you very much.

       3             Senator Maziarz, again.

       4             I just want to take this opportunity to

       5      introduce our next speaker who I've become very,

       6      very close with.

       7             As Avi Israel stated earlier, Avi and his

       8      wife, Julie, who is also here today, lost their son

       9      Michael three years ago on this very day as a result

      10      of addiction to prescription painkillers.

      11             And Avi has worked very closely with

      12      Senator Young, Senator Gallivan, myself,

      13      Senator Grisanti, and Senator Ranzenhofer, from

      14      Western New York, to pass I-STOP legislation, but

      15      that was only the first step.

      16             And, Avi, we know you have given the rest of

      17      your life to -- to this particular challenge, and we

      18      thank you very much for being here.

      19             AVI ISRAEL:  Thank you, Senator Maziarz.

      20             I want to thank everybody that's here.

      21             I want to thank you, President Snyder, for

      22      holding this forum.

      23             Three years ago today, 10:05 a.m., after

      24      repeatedly asking for help, my boy Michael went into

      25      the back bedroom, put a shotgun under his chin, and







                                                                   32
       1      took his life.

       2             There's nothing -- there's no pain like it in

       3      this world, there's nothing that can compare -- to

       4      the pain of holding your son while he's taking his

       5      last breath.

       6             But the questions that I think we want to get

       7      to over here, is really:

       8             How did Michael get there?

       9             How did Michael ended up with no choices but

      10      to take his life?

      11             So I'll tell you.

      12             Michael was prescribed into addiction by

      13      doctors who are just like every doctor in this

      14      country, are really uneducated when it comes to

      15      painkillers.

      16             You can go see a dentist, and he'll give you

      17      30 pills.

      18             You can go see a general practitioners, and

      19      he'll give you 90 pills.

      20             And so on and so on.

      21             And people will -- may not use all of them,

      22      leave them into a medicine cabinet.  And the next

      23      thing, the kids grab them, and have a skittles

      24      party.

      25             This epidemic, whether we want to admit it or







                                                                   33
       1      not, has started with the medical community.

       2      Somewhere down the line, a doctor, a prescriber,

       3      wrote a prescription for painkillers.

       4             And, we cannot arrest our way out of this, we

       5      cannot treat our way out of this, until we start

       6      educating everybody involved.

       7             And by that I mean, we have to start with

       8      prescribers.

       9             We have to make sure that every prescriber

      10      who prescribes opiates, know the consequences of

      11      those pills, knows how to recognize addiction; not

      12      eight months down the road.  We want it to be

      13      recognized early.

      14             We don't have enough facilities to treat the

      15      people who get addicted.  There's nowhere.

      16             Nobody is going to -- nobody is going to

      17      invest in facilities because there's no profit in

      18      there, so everything falls into the hands of us, the

      19      citizens and the State.

      20             Very simple things:

      21             We have legislation to educate doctors.

      22             The next thing we need to do is do what we

      23      did in Western New York over here, and educate our

      24      young ones.

      25             This is a school curriculum which was







                                                                   34
       1      developed by Blue Cross and Blue Shield, and WNED.

       2             It tells you about opiates;

       3             It tells you the consequences of opiates;

       4             It tells you how to avoid some of them;

       5             And it tells parents how to recognize, and

       6      teachers how to recognize, the problem.

       7             Blue Cross and Blue Shield, with the help of

       8      every TV station and every media outlet in the

       9      Buffalo area, has ran a three-months campaign, which

      10      I'm sure some of you have saw the billboards and saw

      11      the commercials on TV.

      12             What drove them into it was not me going in

      13      there and banging on the table that you didn't treat

      14      my son.

      15             What drove them into it is the fact that

      16      there's so many young kids who are dying, and

      17      something has had to be done.

      18             Every day -- and this is not my words.

      19             These are -- this is a survey that was taken

      20      by Blue Cross and Blue Shield.

      21             Every day in this country, 2,000 kids take

      22      prescription pills.

      23             Every day in this country, 100 people die of

      24      overdose.

      25             Every day in this country, 16,600 die.







                                                                   35
       1             That's a small village that disappears every

       2      year.

       3             In 4 years of war -- and 10 years of war,

       4      I should say, in Iraq, we lost a little over

       5      10,000 people.

       6             We quadruple that every year in this country.

       7             We passed a great legislation two years ago

       8      called "I-STOP."  It slowed down the

       9      overprescribing, but, unfortunately, some doctors

      10      are still feel like: I don't want you to call me

      11      over the weekend so I'm going prescribe you 30 pills

      12      to take home for a root canal.

      13             In that I-STOP, we have two provisions that

      14      have never been mandated.

      15             One of them is doctor education.

      16             That has to be.

      17             In order for us to treat the millions of

      18      people who are in the pipeline, we have to stop the

      19      flow of new addicts into this pipeline.

      20             We can only do that by education.

      21             You cannot arrest a kid that has a

      22      prescription bottle in his pocket, that is

      23      prescribed to him.  There's nothing in the law that

      24      says he can't take it.

      25             But as a moral obligation by doctors who







                                                                   36
       1      should know what happens with this prescription.

       2             There's the moral obligations for every

       3      prescriber.

       4             There's the moral obligations for insurance

       5      companies to provide for insurance.

       6             And there's the moral obligations for all of

       7      us sitting in this room, to participate and make

       8      sure that we don't lose, like the president said,

       9      our next generation.

      10             We lose the next generation, we are going to

      11      lose our future.

      12             Nothing is going to bring my son back.

      13             Nothing.

      14             There's a hole that Julie and I and my

      15      daughter Rachel will have to live with for the rest

      16      of our life.

      17             What we can do here is make sure that there's

      18      no more Michaels.

      19             Thank you.

      20                  [Applause.]

      21             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you very much.

      22             SANDRA HILL:  My name is Sandra Hill, and I'm

      23      a member of the Seneca Nation of Indians.

      24             And I'm here to talk about my daughter

      25      Michelle.  She was a heroin addict.







                                                                   37
       1             And, actually, you know, I always thought it

       2      was something that I did wrong.

       3             And -- this is difficult.

       4             And it's just, you know, like Avi, there's a

       5      lot of pain for a parent, when they have to wait

       6      every day for that phone call to come, and to worry

       7      every night that -- that the end is going to come

       8      soon.

       9             And I really want to commend President Snyder

      10      for taking a stand and saying enough is enough.

      11             We're going to do Seneca Strong.  And I've

      12      waited for that for 4 years, because she passed away

      13      on May 21st of 2010 at the age of 37 years old.

      14             She was a really wonderful girl.  She was

      15      intelligent.  She was college-educated.  She was

      16      bright.  She was bubbly.  And everybody loved her.

      17             And she couldn't -- and, again, like Avi, she

      18      started out with prescription medication.

      19             She had an abscessed tooth, and she got

      20      three months of painkillers.

      21             And, of course, and I said:  What are you

      22      going to do with all that?

      23             She goes:  Oh, I'm not taking them.

      24             But she did, because also with that, she was

      25      using marijuana.







                                                                   38
       1             So -- in her later years, she met a guy, and

       2      she was madly in love with this guy.  And he, too,

       3      was a heroin addict.

       4             And one day he said:  You want to feel even

       5      better, take this needle.

       6             And she did it.

       7             And ever since then, it was a world of hell

       8      for her, her family, and her friends.

       9             And I tried to do the tough-love thing.

      10             It did not work, because -- and it's just,

      11      like, you can never give up on your child.

      12             And even considering coming here, it's, like,

      13      am I going to exploit her, or am I going to be

      14      helpful by telling her story?

      15             And I thought -- and the reason I say that is

      16      because, shortly after her passing, I got a call

      17      from Suzette Brown, who is Katie Couric's executive

      18      producer, and she asked me if I was willing to talk

      19      about what happened, because she saw my daughter on

      20      the news, and she saw me on the news.

      21             And because -- and I said, Well, let me think

      22      about it.

      23             And I thought, Well, I don't want to exploit

      24      her to the world on a television program, but they

      25      wanted to talk about the mother's pain.







                                                                   39
       1             And I didn't do that.

       2             And even asking to come here today,

       3      I thought, Well, I don't want to exploit her.

       4             But, through her heroin addiction,

       5      I started -- I quit supporting her.  And I thought,

       6      Well, maybe that will help.

       7             It did not help, so I bring her back.  We

       8      sent her to five rehabs.

       9             And, like, if you want -- if a person is

      10      saying, "Okay, I'm ready today.  I will get help

      11      today," and you go try to seek help, you can't get

      12      it today.

      13             "Oh, come back in two weeks."

      14             "Oh, fill out these medical forms."

      15             Or, do this and do that.

      16             And it's just -- and it's just, like -- it's

      17      just a runaround.

      18             And then, two days later, they're back on the

      19      streets, back using.

      20             She was a beautiful girl, and she ended up on

      21      the streets of Buffalo in a Puerto Rican section so

      22      she could get her drugs.

      23             And then because she didn't have the money,

      24      she couldn't work, she couldn't do anything, she

      25      started stealing.







                                                                   40
       1             So in the end, she became the notorious

       2      person that was robbing churches.  So that was all

       3      over the media in Buffalo, that she was stealing

       4      from churches.

       5             And on the news, they had a video of her from

       6      a convenience store.  And I thought, Oh, my God,

       7      that's my daughter.

       8             And I thought:  Well, maybe this is chance to

       9      save her.  Maybe this is the chance that I need to

      10      turn her in, and she will go to prison, and she will

      11      get clean, and everything will be fine.

      12             And, so, that's what I did.

      13             And with the help of Brian Mohr, we did take

      14      her in, and then I hired an attorney.

      15             And I hired this attorney, not to get her

      16      out, but to keep her in there so she could be able

      17      to dry out, and then later go to drug court and get

      18      some help.

      19             And, so, we went through the whole nine yards

      20      there.

      21             And then after they did send her to drug

      22      court, she did get out.  And she just couldn't --

      23      I guess she just couldn't make it, and she just left

      24      the rehabilitation center that they sent her to, and

      25      she just disappeared.







                                                                   41
       1             She says, "Mom, I am never going back to

       2      prison again."

       3             And it was very tragic of what happened to

       4      her.

       5             On the 21st -- on her -- her birthday was on

       6      May 17th.  And I told her, I says, Come and talk to

       7      me.

       8             She says, I don't want to go back to prison.

       9             I said, you don't have to.  Just come and

      10      talk to me.

      11             And we spent the whole day together.

      12             And then -- and then -- that was on a

      13      Thursday.

      14             And then the next day, I got the phone call,

      15      and they said:  Your daughter had an accident.

      16             And I thought, Oh, no, what had happened to

      17      her?

      18             And, actually, it was a Cattaraugus County

      19      sheriff.  He was very rude.  He was very -- he said:

      20      Well, you'll have to call the marshals.  They'll

      21      tell you.

      22             And I was, like, Okay.

      23             So I called the marshals, and they were very

      24      helpful.

      25             But what had happened is that, somehow, there







                                                                   42
       1      was -- on the west side of Buffalo, she was hit by a

       2      train, and it really brutalized her, and it really

       3      tore her to pieces.

       4             Even when we brought her home, there was

       5      hardly anything left of her.

       6             And, it was a terrible experience for a

       7      mother to go through this.  As with Avi, you can't

       8      imagine the pain and the hurt.

       9             And so, again, and even at that time, I said:

      10      Why doesn't somebody do something about this?  Why

      11      doesn't someone be there to help?

      12             And that's why I commend the president for

      13      taking a stand.

      14             And I am glad he said, "I am declaring a war

      15      on drugs and alcohol," because we have needed this

      16      for a long time, because it's not going to get

      17      better.  It's going to get worse.

      18             It's a big business.  Heroin is only $5 for a

      19      little hit.

      20             And all the kids just -- they have $5, they

      21      will do it.

      22             In Salamanca, I understand there was

      23      three overdoses in the past few weeks.

      24             And somebody has to take a stand on this.

      25             I don't know what the answer is.







                                                                   43
       1             And, again, we need treatment centers, and we

       2      need aftercare centers, which we don't have.

       3             And being this, and helping with this, I am a

       4      strong advocate to help end this heroin and opiate

       5      addiction.

       6             I will do anything to help another kid.

       7             And, you know, I'm doing it for my daughter.

       8             And, actually, I'm doing it for my peace of

       9      mind, also.

      10             I couldn't save her, but maybe I can save

      11      someone else.

      12             And I thank you for allowing me to tell my

      13      story, and to be here.

      14                  [Applause.].

      15             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you very much, Sandy,

      16      for sharing.  We truly appreciate it very, very

      17      much.

      18             As you can see, we have color-coding around

      19      the table, and, we have different experts in

      20      different topic areas, and the first has to deal

      21      with health treatment.

      22             I feel that the first three speakers gave

      23      excellent lead-ins into talking about some of the

      24      health issues, and so I'd like to have the experts

      25      chime in, and I have a lead-in question:







                                                                   44
       1             The health-care's role in addressing this

       2      epidemic is vital to discuss.

       3             Families are struggling, as we've heard, to

       4      find a place for their loved ones in treatment

       5      facilities, and often run into issues with insurance

       6      companies providing the resources needed to afford

       7      these services.

       8             Hospitals, EMS providers, and recovery

       9      services all have seen significant spikes in demand

      10      for these services.

      11             And so to the providers who are here today,

      12      what can we do to help these families?

      13             And, you know, I'd just open it up.  Anyone

      14      who feels like sharing, just grab the microphone and

      15      let's begin the discussion.

      16             Pat.

      17             PATRICIA MUNSON:  Pat Munson,

      18      Chautauqua Alcohol and Substance Abuse Council.

      19             We're a prevention agency through OASAS, and

      20      I firmly believe prevention will help address those

      21      problems, with the hospital having fewer people come

      22      for the services.

      23             But looking at prevention over the

      24      30-some years I've been in the field, right now, I'm

      25      most hopeful, looking at the evidenced-based







                                                                   45
       1      prevention practices that are targeted to audiences

       2      and have been tested to show that they work.  And

       3      there are a variety of strategies that could be

       4      used.

       5             But I'm a big believer in getting the

       6      prevention efforts out there in the schools and the

       7      communities and the families.

       8             You can't just do prevention in the schools

       9      with the students.  You need to have -- I envision

      10      this big ball with everything inside of it, because

      11      everything affects everything.

      12             The families, the youth, the schools, working

      13      with the elders, working with the traditions, that's

      14      all part of getting prevention going, and then

      15      moving into other areas.

      16             So, prevention will help with the hospitals

      17      and health, but, I can't speak to some of the other

      18      things with that.

      19             SENATOR YOUNG:  Pat, when you talk about

      20      evidenced-based prevention, what are the types of

      21      activities or approaches that seem to work?

      22             PAT MUNSON:  There is a list on SAMHSA, and

      23      NREP (National Repository of Evidenced-Based

      24      Programs), that talk about what the target group is

      25      and what this program does.







                                                                   46
       1             I did -- just as an example, in our agency,

       2      we use life-skills training and a few other ones

       3      that have impact for what we're doing in early

       4      prevention.

       5             I did look at something on the Internet

       6      yesterday, and an example from NREP is

       7      Family Spirit.  It's a culturally-tailored

       8      home-program intervention for Native American

       9      teenage mothers who experience high rates of

      10      substance use and school dropout.

      11             Another one is not on tobacco, school-based

      12      smoking cessation.

      13             Red Cliff Wellness school curriculum.

      14             And, Say It Straight communication program

      15      designed to help students and empower communication

      16      skills.

      17             Because, prevention education isn't just

      18      saying no.  It's providing a rounding of services,

      19      especially with the youth, to teach them things like

      20      social-skills.

      21             Media: looking at media with critical

      22      messages.

      23             What's the media telling you when you see

      24      vodka, with all these beautiful women saying this is

      25      the best vodka, and giving to youth, that's a good







                                                                   47
       1      idea.  Or the beer.

       2             So, there are a number of tailored programs

       3      that you want to look at, based on your target

       4      audience.

       5             And that's the critical wording: your target

       6      audience, and what the problem is.

       7             You don't want to do a program that doesn't

       8      address the target audience: their age group, their

       9      culture.  You have to look at it all in one package

      10      to get what's been proven to be best.

      11             And it's 20 years of research, so I firmly

      12      believe in that, because I've been at this job since

      13      1986 and I've seen it all come and go; Just Say No,

      14      all of those other things.

      15             But this is the one; the evidenced-based

      16      programs I feel are the best.

      17             So --

      18             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thanks, Pat.

      19             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you very much.

      20             That leads me to ask a question of the

      21      students here.

      22             They were talking about education prevention

      23      in the schools.

      24             What -- any of the students, please chime in.

      25             What are you experiencing in the schools?







                                                                   48
       1             What kind of programs have you gotten, if

       2      any, antidrug and anti-addiction, in your classes?

       3             And, what works?

       4             We've heard different, around the state,

       5      peer-to-peer is good.  Someone holding -- getting a

       6      lesson from someone your own age or around your own

       7      age.

       8             And if you'd like to comment, we'd truly

       9      appreciate it.

      10             SENATOR YOUNG:  Any -- okay, let's -- could

      11      we get you closer to the mic?  Because we really

      12      want to hear what you have to say.

      13             ASHLEY CARNES:  Early in our middle-school

      14      career we had D.A.R.E., and that was helpful.  But

      15      at that age, we weren't really aware of what was

      16      really happening, and how it would actually occur

      17      when we were older, to people that we know and

      18      people in our community.

      19             And I feel like we should have more programs

      20      as we go further in our education, such as in

      21      high school.

      22             We do have programs, such as S.A.D.D., like,

      23      Students Against Drunk Driving, but we don't really

      24      have any of the drug-prevention programs or

      25      education programs that are required, as S.A.D.D. is







                                                                   49
       1      just kind of like an extracurricular program.

       2             SENATOR YOUNG:  Does it work when students

       3      talk to other students about these issues?  What --

       4      or is it when adults give you guidance?

       5             Or, how -- what works best, do you feel, in

       6      the schools?

       7             GABRIELLA HOOSE:  I feel that having students

       8      talk to other students works better than having

       9      adults talk to the students, because the students

      10      can relate better to their students, like, their

      11      peers.

      12             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      13             Any of the other students want to say

      14      anything?

      15             That's okay.

      16             A STUDENT (name unknown):  This year I took

      17      health, and we had someone from Kids Escaping Drugs

      18      come to --

      19             Do you want me to start over?

      20             Okay.

      21             This year I took health, and we had someone

      22      from Kids Escaping Drugs come to our thing -- our

      23      class.  And, like, we had people who were, like,

      24      addicted, and, like, got over their things, come and

      25      talk to us.







                                                                   50
       1             And I thought that was helpful, because it

       2      was, like -- I don't know what to say -- because --

       3      there's so much pressure.

       4             SENATOR YOUNG:  You could relate better to

       5      other students; right?

       6             A STUDENT (name unknown):  Yeah, because,

       7      like, when -- I know what I was going to say now.

       8             Because, when the teachers are, like, telling

       9      you not to do it, like, you're, like, Well, you

      10      never did it, and anything like that.

      11             But when these come and tell you, like, what

      12      was going on with their lives, and everything, and

      13      then it just makes you, like, not want to have to go

      14      down through all their -- what they were going

      15      through.

      16             So --

      17             SENATOR YOUNG:  Good, good.  Thank you.

      18             Okay, anybody else?

      19             CHEYANNE NEUBAUER:  I don't know, like --

      20      okay.

      21             My bad.

      22             Like, yeah, we had people, like, come into

      23      our school and do, like -- like, go in the

      24      auditorium and, like, do, like, speeches, and tell

      25      us, like, how bad drugs were.







                                                                   51
       1             But in my opinion, like, I don't feel like

       2      that actually helps us.

       3             Like, yeah, talking to other students does

       4      make effect on people, because, for me, like, if

       5      I was to talk to someone, like, they would be, like,

       6      Yeah, I want to help you.  And, like, they went and

       7      told, like, a teacher, and then the teacher would

       8      talk to me.  And it would, like, get in my head that

       9      people actually do care.

      10             Like -- I don't know, it's weird.  Like,

      11      having someone care really, like, shows that, like,

      12      they're trying to help you.

      13             So, like, to me, that's -- I feel that

      14      teachers and other, like, adults that you talk to

      15      actually want to help you, unlike other people.

      16             So it's, like -- I don't know, it's like

      17      in between there.

      18             SENATOR YOUNG:  Good, great.  Thank you.

      19             Thank you.

      20             Just to follow up, then, with the health

      21      people --

      22             And I want to thank the students for

      23      contributing.

      24             -- to the providers of the treatment

      25      services, you know, again, what else can we do to







                                                                   52
       1      help people who are addicted?

       2             Yes.

       3             JODIE ALTMAN:  I'm Jodie Altman.  I'm from

       4      Renaissance Addiction Services.

       5             And, thank you, because we are Kids Escaping

       6      Drugs.

       7             Things that I know and I've said at -- in

       8      Batavia, when Senator Boyle was there, was the issue

       9      with Medicaid.

      10             Right now, our kids are carved out of

      11      Medicaid, which means Medicaid will cover their

      12      treatment.

      13             January of 2016, that may cease to exist.

      14             What will then happen is that it will,

      15      effectively, shut down our treatment, because a

      16      15-year-old who puts needles in his arms every day

      17      will be given seven days of treatment versus the

      18      five to six months of treatment that they get right

      19      now.

      20             It will shut down treatment, it will kill our

      21      kids.

      22             So that's the one big issue, from a provider

      23      perspective, that anybody that will listen to me,

      24      I will say.

      25             The other piece is that, I agree with Avi,







                                                                   53
       1      that our docs need to know, from the get-go, they

       2      don't need to be prescribing these kids 30 pills

       3      because they get their wisdom teeth out.

       4             And the third thing, from a treatment

       5      perspective, and our facility is 12- to

       6      20-year-olds, and it's residential, is that we have

       7      no detox for the 12- to 17-year-olds who are using

       8      just as much heroin or opiate prescription pills as

       9      the 50-year-olds, but can't get the medical services

      10      because somebody somewhere says they don't need

      11      them.

      12                  [Applause.]

      13             JODIE ALTMAN:  Thanks.

      14             I can say, I've been doing this 27 years, we

      15      have buried kids.  And there's nothing worse than to

      16      see a kid that we couldn't help, because they were

      17      so violently ill from withdrawal, and I couldn't

      18      send them anywhere, and said, "Well, you got to go

      19      home, ride it out, and then come back," end up dead.

      20             It's a real tough pill to swallow.

      21             So, thank you.

      22             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you very much.

      23             Anyone else?

      24             Dr. Lamothe?

      25             Oh, I'm sorry.







                                                                   54
       1             LAURA ELLIOTT-ENGEL:  Unintended

       2      consequences, I think that, really --

       3             SENATOR YOUNG:  This is Laura Elliot-Engel

       4      from the Addiction Recovery Services in

       5      Cattaraugus County.

       6             LAURA ELLIOT-ENGEL:  Thank you.

       7             And thank you for the opportunity to be here.

       8             SENATOR YOUNG:  Closer.

       9             LAURA ELLIOTT-ENGEL:  Closer?

      10             SENATOR YOUNG:  Yep.

      11             LAURA ELLIOTT-ENGEL:  How am I now?

      12             SENATOR YOUNG:  Yes, that's better.

      13             LAURA ELLIOT-ENGEL:  She shines.

      14             The opportunity to be here is really

      15      important.

      16             And many of us across the state truly

      17      appreciate the effort that you put into effect,

      18      Senator Boyle.

      19             The I-STOP legislation had some unintended

      20      consequences, which we all know; which is, that it

      21      made access to legal opiates much more difficult and

      22      it drove people to the streets.

      23             So I really encourage people to take a look

      24      at that lack of closure.

      25             And if that's in the works, then, halleluiah!







                                                                   55
       1             In terms of addicted families, the best

       2      prevention is when recovery enters into a family

       3      system.

       4             So if you have both parents in recovery, then

       5      they're raising their children differently.

       6             And so that raises the question:  Well, how

       7      do people get to that place called "recovery"?

       8             The truly wise and real and bottom line for

       9      folks who are seeking help is what Sandy's told us,

      10      and that is, when someone is ready, there has to be

      11      a place for people to be able to get the help they

      12      need.

      13             To have to meet level-of-care criteria

      14      established by somebody outside of the profession is

      15      morally and reprehensibly wrong.

      16             So I'm very encouraged about what's going on

      17      with access to treatment with qualified health

      18      professional, addiction specialists, who can make

      19      some of those determinations.

      20             We're in a tough struggle with managed care

      21      because we know that's the way the dollars are going

      22      to drive this.

      23             So let's be smart.

      24             The reality that's happened within

      25      New York State with financial commitments from the







                                                                   56
       1      state level shrink and shrink and shrink.

       2             I had ten prevention staff specialists in

       3      2008.  I now have four.

       4             Pat from Chautauqua is struggling with the

       5      same thing.  I mean, we could just go agency by

       6      agency.

       7             And, finally, something that we just have not

       8      done at all well in New York State is a real, clear,

       9      identified investment in community-based

      10      recovery-support services.

      11             What that means is, that you may have a

      12      recovery coach, which Amanda has just trained to

      13      become, available at a drug court, to walk with

      14      somebody out of that place and to a safe harbor,

      15      like a coffee shop.  Right?

      16             Or, walking out of Cattaraugus County Jail

      17      connected with somebody who's going to help them

      18      bridge.

      19             Filling gaps between when we don't have a bed

      20      for treatment, but you've got somebody in the

      21      community who's there to walk with that person and

      22      help them identify their own goals.

      23             We can learn something from our partner

      24      agency, OMH, because they have stood up recovery

      25      community centers.  And I know that's going through







                                                                   57
       1      changes, too.

       2             But let's look at what's happening at that

       3      level, as well.

       4             There's a brass-tacks policy academy with a

       5      white paper coming out at the end of 2014, where

       6      we've cross-walked mental health and addictions, to

       7      take a look at what we can do together about peer

       8      supports.

       9             And so I'm very hopeful about what that may

      10      give us in terms of information.

      11             And finally I would say that -- and I've

      12      known -- I mean, I've been in my own personal

      13      recovery, actually, was 39 years ago yesterday.

      14             And because of that foundation, I've been

      15      able to achieve a few things, not the least of which

      16      is being the parent to two wonderful children who

      17      have been raised in recovery.

      18             And since the time that I first asked for

      19      help, one thing I know, is that physicians still

      20      only get about five hours of addiction education, in

      21      quotes, in a four-year medical-degree program.

      22             So then we say they should know something

      23      better about what they're doing when they're in the

      24      office.

      25             Well -- so we have something there that we--







                                                                   58
       1      I don't know if this is something we can address.

       2             Prevention begins with awareness.

       3             Awareness begins with some openness.

       4             And we have to have availability to

       5      information, and multiple ways to repeat the message

       6      for it to take hold.

       7             Thank you.

       8                  [Applause.]

       9             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you, Laura.

      10             And, Laura --

      11             AVI ISRAEL:  Can I say something from a

      12      parent point of view, please?

      13             When Michael told us that he was addicted, my

      14      wife and I had no clue what he was talking about.

      15             And I'm going back again to the point of

      16      education.

      17             And the same thing with the young folks,

      18      we've been going into schools, and I find that a lot

      19      of the young folks relate better to somebody younger

      20      who have been through it.

      21             But to get back to the parents, you know,

      22      three years ago, nobody talked about addiction.

      23             Three years ago, nobody has said anything.

      24             Three years ago, if you said you're addicted

      25      to pills, that was a myth.







                                                                   59
       1             Today it's a reality.

       2             When we -- when it comes to education and

       3      providing services, I have -- I was -- I found,

       4      three years ago, that I was a complete idiot.  I had

       5      no clue what to look for.  And I could not find a

       6      place for Michael to go into.  Nothing.

       7             And when -- on his last day, when he was

       8      begging for help, this is knowing -- this is

       9      knowing -- his councilor knowing that this kid had

      10      Chron's Disease, weighed 107 pounds, and had an

      11      ileostomy bag, did not provide him anything, so his

      12      only way out was to take his life.

      13             What we need to look at, really, is when it

      14      comes to education, we need to educate the public as

      15      a whole, and we need to educate the parents, as to

      16      what to look for and what to go to.

      17             We need agencies, you know, that a parent can

      18      go and say:  Please, I think my son is addicted.

      19      What do I do?

      20             We had so many conflicting reports about:

      21      You need to change the locks in the house.  You need

      22      to give the kid tough love.

      23             You know what?  And pardon me, that's all BS.

      24                  [Applause.]

      25             AVI ISRAEL:  It's all BS, because, you know







                                                                   60
       1      what my son wanted in the first place?

       2             He wanted a hug.  He wanted somebody to hold

       3      him and said, I love you Michael, and I'm there with

       4      you.

       5             And that's what we need to do.

       6             We can't push this kids out into the street

       7      and says, That you're bad.

       8             You know what?  Michael was ashamed of being

       9      addicted.

      10             There's a shame that goes, there's a myth

      11      that goes, on that, you know, what?  You got

      12      yourself into this, you get yourself out.

      13             Bullshit!

      14             We don't get ourselves -- nobody gets up in

      15      the morning and says, Today I'm going to be an

      16      addict.

      17             No kid gets up and goes to school and says,

      18      My career is going to be an addict.

      19             Nobody does.

      20             Nobody abuses drug until they get addicted.

      21             That's another God damn word that I had,

      22      there's "abusing."

      23             Nobody abuses anything until they get

      24      addicted.

      25             You know?







                                                                   61
       1             You know, as for I-STOP, I want to tell you

       2      something.

       3             I've heard a lot of reports about I-STOP.

       4             I-STOP is a great legislation.

       5             I-STOP has slowed down the prescription drug.

       6             I want you all to keep in mind what this kids

       7      are going into.

       8             They're not going into crack.

       9             They're not going into heroin -- to, uhm

      10      cocaine.

      11             They're using the same kind of drug: an

      12      opiate.

      13             It's the same thing.

      14             And you know why?  It's cheaper, you know.

      15             In order to build a house, you have to lay a

      16      good foundation down, you know.

      17             We started with I-STOP.

      18             We need to educate the doctors.

      19             We need to educate the public.

      20             We need to provide support for every parents

      21      who's asking for -- for help.

      22             We need to provide help for this kids,

      23      because the window of opportunity is so small.

      24             And in my case, it took 5 minutes and

      25      40 seconds between "Help!" and a shotgun going off.







                                                                   62
       1             And we need to keep that in mind.

       2                  [Applause.]

       3             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you, Avi.

       4             And I would simply remark that, part of the

       5      things we're trying to get out of these forums is to

       6      change the stigma of addiction.

       7             And through things like the visionary

       8      leadership of President Snyder in holding these

       9      forums, we can say that, as a parent, you might say

      10      "My child has cancer," and what's the reaction?

      11      "Oh, my God, how can I help?"

      12             Well, we'd like to see, after these forums,

      13      that a parent says, My child is addicted," "Oh, my

      14      God, how can I do to help?"

      15             No shame involved whatsoever.

      16             AVI ISRAEL:  That would help great.

      17             That would be a great help.

      18             SENATOR BOYLE:  No question.

      19             Quickly, regarding the insurance issue, we

      20      are going to address this, without a doubt.

      21             We're going to take the decision-making out

      22      of the insurance companies' hands and leave it in

      23      the hands of --

      24                  [Applause.]

      25             SENATOR BOYLE:  One of the things we've







                                                                   63
       1      found, is that we're not going to have anymore

       2      "fail first," and then come -- then get in

       3      treatment.

       4             Because, failure, in many of these cases, God

       5      forbid, is the loss of a life.  We've seen it over

       6      and over again.

       7             And another one is an expedited appeals

       8      process in the insurance.  And while the appeals

       9      process is going on, treatment will still be

      10      provided.

      11             I think that's very important.

      12             And thank you for your insights on that.

      13                  [Applause.]

      14             SENATOR YOUNG:  Dr. Lamothe.

      15             DR. HENRI LAMOTHE:  Thank you very much,

      16      Mr. Snyder and company, and all the Senators, and

      17      everybody here at the table.

      18             I'm an emergency room physician, and

      19      I represent a window of opportunity for an entire

      20      county to come to my ER door and say:  I need more

      21      pain medicine.  You know, I ran out.  Or, I don't

      22      have enough.  Or, I still hurt.

      23             So we prescribe a lot of pain medications

      24      when we think it's warranted.

      25             However, over the last several years, there's







                                                                   64
       1      been some significant change that has helped curbed

       2      the individual that seeks more pain medication.

       3             For instance, every physician in the

       4      emergency room has access now to a database that

       5      tells us whether the Patient A went to Dr. X

       6      yesterday, Emergency Room Y three hours ago, and

       7      what medication were prescribed.

       8             That helps us stop it at the ED level.

       9             In addition to that, we have developed pain

      10      policies.

      11             We will not give you more than three or

      12      four tablets.

      13             We will not give you more than three or

      14      four tablets.  And repeated visits will make it such

      15      that we will not give you anymore narcotics if we

      16      see that you've been here 17 times over the last

      17      week, or two weeks, or three months, or through

      18      several hospitals.

      19             So we have made significant stride at curbing

      20      the propagation of prescribing opiates.

      21             As a matter of fact, what we prescribe is

      22      medication to keep them from going through

      23      withdrawals.

      24             You are right, there are opportunities out

      25      there, where physicians need to be educated about







                                                                   65
       1      prescribing medications over and over again.

       2             You are absolutely correct, there needs to be

       3      more education on the doctors' part.

       4             We see it in the emergency department.

       5             The primary-care sector needs to be more

       6      educated.  And there's some potential answers for

       7      that.

       8             I saw a lady who came to the emergency room,

       9      citing that she had neck pain and she was disabled

      10      since she was age 20.  She was, at that time, 40.

      11             She took, based on her, quote/unquote,

      12      prescription, 350 milligrams of morphine a day.

      13             I looked at her and I said:  You're going to

      14      withdraw.  We don't have enough in this emergency

      15      department to satisfy you on a Sunday morning.

      16             So we sent her out with withdrawal

      17      medications, because she will withdraw if she

      18      doesn't get her fix, quote/unquote.

      19             Unfortunately, abuse, addiction, also

      20      dovetails into mental-health issues, which we

      21      haven't talked about.  But it's a significant part

      22      what have we see in the emergency department.

      23             There are ways in which we can educate

      24      physicians.

      25             Every two years, in the city of New York, you







                                                                   66
       1      need to have your license renewed.

       2             In order to do that, we already impose on the

       3      physicians that they need to go through an

       4      infectious-disease education program.

       5             Similar legislation on drug abuse:

       6      Recognizing the pattern and substance abuse may help

       7      educate all physicians.

       8             Make it mandatory, so that their licenses

       9      should be renewed upon that education program.

      10             That's what we have at entry level.

      11             The second way of entry level is at the

      12      pharmacy level.

      13             The pharmacy gives out the pills; not the

      14      emergency room, not the private physicians.

      15             The pharmacy should warn about the use and

      16      abuse of these medication, at least on paper,

      17      because those are potentially addicting drugs,

      18      whether it's your first broken arm, or your

      19      40th time that you went back to get it because you

      20      like the way it feels, across the board.

      21             So, the pharmacies, an entryway of handling

      22      that problem, as well as the physician-education

      23      program like we do for infectious disease every

      24      two years during licensure, we should do for

      25      addiction and mental-health recognition for all







                                                                   67
       1      providers.

       2             That should be part of your physical health,

       3      your mental health, and your behavioral health.  We

       4      should handle all three of those components of the

       5      human being.

       6             Unfortunately, the insurance program does not

       7      allow for these programs to become reimbursable,

       8      even though a life is at stake.

       9             And those are just as important as whether or

      10      not the mole on your back is a cancer or not.

      11             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Doctor.

      12             Thank you very much.

      13             Yes.

      14             DR. JUDITH FELD:  Hi, I'm Dr. Judith Feld,

      15      and I'm medical director of behavioral health at

      16      Independent Health.

      17             The first thing I want to do is thank you for

      18      the opportunity to be here, and to hear from

      19      everyone.

      20             And, also, to recognize the courage of those

      21      who have dealt with this: been in recovery,

      22      struggled with this and lost loved ones.

      23             Before I came to Independent Health as

      24      medical director, I was a provider in the community

      25      for over 20 years; so I've worked with families,







                                                                   68
       1      I've worked with people who have suffered from

       2      addiction -- husbands, wives, daughters, parents.

       3      And it's tragic.

       4             And one thing that really, really spurred me

       5      was, why can't we really -- really take care of this

       6      problem?  Why can't we answer it in a better way?

       7             And there really were a lot of obstacles to

       8      care.  And as time has gone on, we've become a lot

       9      more enlightened.

      10             I have fought the stigma personally on

      11      behavioral health and mental health for many years,

      12      as well as addictions.

      13             And Timothy's Act came along, and then parity

      14      came along, and health reform; and this was a very

      15      exciting time.

      16             I decided, I'm going to leave practice and

      17      I am going to really try to do this on a

      18      population-health level.

      19             I went and got my master's in public health,

      20      and had a whole new way of thinking.

      21             As a physician, every physician should have

      22      that kind of training, because we don't -- we only

      23      treat what's in front of us, and you don't treat a

      24      population.

      25             And what we're talking about is a







                                                                   69
       1      population-health problem, a population-health

       2      crisis.

       3             And, President Snyder, I really appreciate

       4      your stating this is a community issue.

       5             There's not one individual, not one

       6      institution, not one area, where this -- there's a

       7      real problem that has to be solved.

       8             We all have to come together, because we all

       9      can do better.

      10             And, so, this was a wonderful time to get

      11      into managed care; into really understanding how

      12      health plans can change and support this.

      13             Right now, we are working on an integration

      14      project in primary care, to bring these kinds of

      15      services within the primary-care and pediatric

      16      offices so physicians can recognize this.

      17             I really want to applaud all the discussion

      18      today here about education.  It's extremely

      19      important.

      20             We have to educate parents.  We have to

      21      educate our providers.

      22             We're trying to do our part, as well, at

      23      Independent Health.

      24             We do have a yearly pain-management and

      25      opioid-prescription forum that we put on every year,







                                                                   70
       1      and it's very well-attended.

       2             And we have lots of primary-care physicians

       3      coming up to us and saying:  This is amazing.

       4      I can't believe the consequences of what my

       5      prescribing has done.

       6             Let's get the dental profession on board, as

       7      well.  We really need to get our dentists to

       8      understand.

       9             I just came back from a health-care

      10      transformation forum in Minnesota, and they're

      11      actually now working with dentists.  And that was

      12      pretty exciting for us.

      13             In terms of treatment, I understand what you

      14      are saying about, it's -- sometimes we get turned

      15      away from facilities.  It's really hard, and it is

      16      difficult.

      17             And we have a team that looks at this, and we

      18      do have level-of-care criteria, because there -- we

      19      can't -- there's so much need out there.

      20             There is so much need out there.

      21             And from a population-health level, when we

      22      take a look at some of the problems that happen,

      23      some of the individuals who are -- who go into rehab

      24      centers, go into inpatient treatment, they're not

      25      ready for it.







                                                                   71
       1             They leave, they go back.

       2             They go back in, they leave, they go back.

       3             How do we stop this?

       4             How do we really, really do the right thing

       5      for patients?

       6             And what I've learned from doing this work,

       7      coming from an individual- to a population-health

       8      level, I've learned that patients are very

       9      individual.

      10             That what works for you may not work for the

      11      other individual.

      12             That if someone has depression or

      13      Attention Deficit Disorder, they're going to have

      14      other problems along with their addiction.

      15             That people may come from trauma backgrounds.

      16             That our veterans are coming with all sorts

      17      of problems.

      18             So it's a very individual piece, and not one

      19      treatment intervention does it for everybody.

      20             And so, as clinicians, we have to really be

      21      smart about what we're advising people to do,

      22      recognizing, as the American Society of Addiction

      23      Medicine will say, this is a chronic illness.

      24             We almost have to anticipate that there's

      25      going to be relapses, and that we have to work with







                                                                   72
       1      people on a long, longitudinal basis.

       2             It's not an episodic illness.  It's not like

       3      a pneumonia.

       4             So, we have to be sure to understand that

       5      this is a long treatment planning, and that

       6      engagement on longer term usually is more

       7      successful.

       8             And we have to be careful about, what works

       9      for someone may not work for someone else.

      10             The American Psychiatric Association,

      11      psychiatric services, just came out with an article

      12      this month, June 2014.  They had done an extensive

      13      literature review, and actually saw that intensive

      14      outpatient services (IOPs), which we really need

      15      more of, and which we would be very happy to pay

      16      for, we just need more of those services, they are

      17      as effective for most individuals as inpatient.

      18             And I think the reason behind that, is that

      19      the addicted individual gets to practice their

      20      skills within the community they have to live in.

      21             And one of the challenges that I've watched

      22      over the years is that, when individuals get taken

      23      out of their communities, they can't practice the

      24      self-management skills that are so incredibly

      25      important for recovery from addiction.







                                                                   73
       1             That's so significant in people's lives to be

       2      able to do that.

       3             That is the success of peer-support groups,

       4      of AA.  It's that practice; it's that going back.

       5             And that's what's extremely important.  Those

       6      intensive outpatient services really serve that.

       7             And getting better in your community is

       8      really what recovery is all about.

       9             Going outside the community, going outside

      10      the state, you come back to the same environment.

      11      And we know, biologically, that those environmental

      12      cues really put you at very high risk for relapse,

      13      because you're talking about changes that happen in

      14      the brain over time.

      15             And it takes, not just months, it takes

      16      years, to really have recovery happen.  And you do

      17      that best within your community.

      18             So, again --

      19             SENATOR YOUNG:  Well, I want to thank you for

      20      that, very much.  And it sounds like you have a lot

      21      of great information.

      22             If you would like to send it to me, also, so

      23      that we can include some of that in the report.

      24             And I want to open that up to all the panel

      25      members today who are here, if you have some more







                                                                   74
       1      specific information you would like to give to us in

       2      written form, we would really appreciate that.

       3             At this point, I'd like to turn to

       4      law enforcement, because they've been waiting

       5      patiently and sitting quietly, and we'd like to get

       6      their perspective on what they've been doing to

       7      address this issue:  What works?  What doesn't work?

       8      And how can we tackle this?

       9             Because, there's a health impact, there's an

      10      educational impact, but, also, there's a criminal

      11      impact from the standpoint that, oftentimes, there

      12      are not just people on the streets selling these

      13      drugs, but people robbing, stealing, do other

      14      crimes, in order to support their habits.

      15             So, if we could hear from law enforcement at

      16      this point, that would be great.

      17             Sheriff Whitcomb.

      18             SHERIFF TIMOTHY WHITCOMB:  Well, thank you,

      19      and thank you for the invitation to be here.

      20             It's important to point out, I think, from my

      21      perspective, that, this is my 25th year in law

      22      enforcement, and this is my second term as Sheriff,

      23      so I'm currently in my fifth year as Sheriff.

      24             Prior to that, the majority of my career was

      25      spent, not as an administrator, but feet on the







                                                                   75
       1      ground, and doing a variety of things in law

       2      enforcement.

       3             And I don't think I ran into heroin during

       4      the first decade of my career.  It was nonexistent.

       5             And I agree with some of the other people

       6      that have spoken here at what fostered its growth,

       7      and it was the overprescription of painkilling pills

       8      and people became addicted.  And heroin has had an

       9      opportunity to have a resurgence that's been

      10      frightening at its pace.

      11             In law enforcement, we protect and serve.

      12             And the interesting thing about the sheriffs

      13      to my left and myself is, our office as Sheriff, we

      14      don't just protect and serve the community, but we

      15      also house county jails.  We have to also take care

      16      of our incarcerated inmates that get sentenced.

      17             And at some point, our justice system has a

      18      battle with when we identify people on the street

      19      that are using drugs or dealing drugs.  And there's

      20      a difference between the two.

      21             In my five years as a sheriff, I can say to

      22      you, conservatively, I've put some numbers together

      23      to try to give you a snapshot of what I've seen in

      24      five years:

      25             We have a 150-bed facility.







                                                                   76
       1             Yesterday, when I took our numbers, we had

       2      142 inmates.  And for all intents and purposes, that

       3      means the hotel is full.

       4             All right, 142 inmates.

       5             Of those inmates, 23 were female, which is a

       6      high number for us.  The maximum number of females

       7      we can house is 28.

       8             Of the 23 female-inmate population, we have,

       9      80 percent are dependent upon opiate.

      10             Of that 80 percent, 50 percent are

      11      noncustodial parents.

      12             All of the 80 percent are under the

      13      age of 30.

      14             Slowly, in my time as an administrator, I've

      15      seen the county jail become a place of a

      16      correctional institution for people who have

      17      committed crimes or violent crimes that need to be

      18      segregated and protected from society, into a

      19      treatment facility, which is not what it's intended

      20      to do.

      21             And we do not have the resources to match

      22      this resurgence of epidemic of heroin.

      23             When I became Sheriff, we had one

      24      mental-health nurse, one medical-health nurse, and

      25      two part-time medical-health nurses.







                                                                   77
       1             We are currently struggling with our

       2      legislative body to fill additional roles so that we

       3      can satisfy the mental-health needs and the

       4      dependent -- abusive dependent problems that our

       5      inmates are presenting every day.  And it's a

       6      struggle.

       7             Last year, for example, another statistic

       8      would -- which I would share with you, that seven of

       9      the female inmate dependent on opiates that we

      10      housed were pregnant.

      11             Immediately, those are a very high-risk

      12      inmate for to us take care of.

      13             And, quite frankly, in many cases, that we

      14      have been, historically, ill-equipped to take care

      15      of.

      16             And the interesting thing is, is when you

      17      talk to people who have made recovery, oftentimes

      18      they point to the point of arrest at being the

      19      catalyst that got them into the treatment that they

      20      needed.

      21             And, so, I think we're an important cog.

      22             I take my hat off to the Seneca Nation

      23      because, in my first term, they approached me, as

      24      they identified a problem on reservation

      25      territories, and wanted to know what we could do to







                                                                   78
       1      assist them.

       2             And I will tell you that our initial offer to

       3      them was:  Why don't you help us pay for an

       4      undercover investigator to help us fight the war.

       5             And their response was much better than our

       6      offer.

       7             Their response was:  We don't want to just be

       8      reactive to the people that are addicted and to be

       9      reactive against the people that are dealing, but we

      10      want to help educate.

      11             And I believe that knowledge is power.

      12             I agree with -- again, with some of the

      13      things that other people have said.

      14             And because of that meeting, we have

      15      two school resource officers in Gowanda and

      16      Salamanca, from Cattaraugus County.

      17             And we also have funding that helps us

      18      allocate towards reactive roles in

      19      Cattaraugus County, that we have started seeing the

      20      benefits from.  And I report to the council

      21      quarterly.

      22             I take my hat off to them because they

      23      identified a problem, they brought it to us, they

      24      helped us identify resources to attack it.

      25             Now, our inmate population at our jail, as







                                                                   79
       1      I mentioned, we had 142 inmates.

       2             28 to 30 percent of them are Native American.

       3             Of our females, 12 to 15 percent of them,

       4      historically, are Native American.

       5             That's a significant percentage.

       6             The Seneca Nation has an investment in

       7      helping us, and they've reached out.

       8             And we've -- not only did we take their hand,

       9      but we've also will taken their other hand now.

      10             We have a partnership that I expect to

      11      continue that's going to work very well together.

      12             They've taken an initiative to help us get

      13      resources.

      14             Law enforcement is an important role,

      15      specifically sheriffs' offices, because we have an

      16      inmate population that's going to go through

      17      withdrawal, they're going to get clear-eyed.  We're

      18      going to have a moment of time to make an impact on

      19      them.

      20             And, quite frankly, we need the resources to

      21      help us do that.

      22             And we need to tap into other resources that

      23      aren't necessarily there right now; in my opinion.

      24             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Sheriff.

      25             Anyone else?







                                                                   80
       1                  [Applause.]

       2             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  Senator, thank you.

       3             I want to praise Sheriff Whitcomb for what he

       4      has said.

       5             And, also, we're in the same boat.

       6             Our facility is a little bigger.  We can

       7      hold 303.  We see the same statistics.

       8             But what we are frustrated by, is we are

       9      regulated by the State in operation of the jail in

      10      every way we turn.

      11             But we now need the State to help us fund

      12      these programs.

      13             We are working hard on the supply-and-demand

      14      issue of heroin.  And there is a high demand; thus,

      15      there will be a supply.

      16             And we have, no pun intended, a captive

      17      audience, but we don't have the resources, in some

      18      cases the space, to provide the services to these

      19      people that they want.

      20             And we're not opposed to bringing in outside

      21      agencies to assist us, but many times that's

      22      difficult because they're strapped for resources as

      23      well.

      24             So I would ask the Senators that are here to

      25      consider looking at a program that could help jails







                                                                   81
       1      across the state, because we are smaller jails.

       2             You go to Suffolk where they hold

       3      1500 inmates, their problem has to be off the

       4      charts.

       5             But we definitely are strapped for finances,

       6      and need assistance to treat these individuals who

       7      are in our facilities.

       8                  [Applause.]

       9             SENATOR GALLIVAN:  Either sheriff -- first,

      10      I applaud both your efforts.  And had the pleasure

      11      of working with you and others in your department

      12      during my law-enforcement career.

      13             But can you be more specific about the

      14      programs where you need the help, the types of

      15      programs?

      16             What types of programs?

      17             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  Well, let me just --

      18      I've got to continue to refer to "Sheriff Gallivan."

      19      Old habit.

      20             But, we have no program, other than a

      21      mild-medication regimen.  And that's what we do with

      22      our inmates: we help them come off their -- you

      23      know, get them through withdrawal.

      24             And that's it, in our facility.  That is our

      25      treatment program.







                                                                   82
       1             SENATOR GALLIVAN:  But what programs would

       2      help?

       3             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  Well, I am not --

       4             SENATOR GALLIVAN:  You need funding for

       5      programs, but, what would you put in there?

       6             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  I would go to the

       7      experts, some of which are here, to talk about, what

       8      is the most effective? what's evidenced-based?

       9             And -- but if I went to my legislature now

      10      and asked for money to do those kinds of things,

      11      I know, pretty much, what the answer would be:

      12             "There is no money."

      13             SENATOR GALLIVAN:  Can I also ask, and your

      14      statistics might be similar:  The difference in your

      15      jail population, between those that are sentenced

      16      versus not sentenced?

      17             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  Let me just speak to

      18      that quickly.

      19             I can tell you, because we looked at this

      20      just a short period of time ago.

      21             Right now, we have almost 85 percent of the

      22      inmates in our facility are presentenced.  They're

      23      awaiting some function of the system.

      24             And that presents some challenges to us,

      25      obviously.







                                                                   83
       1             SENATOR YOUNG:  One of the pieces of

       2      legislation, just so you know, that we proposed in

       3      the Senate, would be to reduce the State's share of

       4      certain assets for forfeitures, so that more money

       5      could go into law enforcement, but also different

       6      chemical-dependency programs.

       7             That that may be a resource for you, to help

       8      you with some of the funding needs.

       9             SHERIFF TIMOTHY WHITCOMB:  We'd certainly

      10      embrace and support that.

      11             To get back to answer some of the other

      12      questions:

      13             I think the only stat that might be

      14      significantly different between Chautauqua County

      15      and Cattaraugus County, you know, we house

      16      three areas of sovereign territory in

      17      Cattaraugus County; whereas, that's not as much in

      18      Chautauqua County.

      19             So our inmate -- our native inmate population

      20      is probably higher.

      21             Other than that, what resources,

      22      specifically?

      23             You also have to realize and take into effect

      24      that our inmate population has also spiked from an

      25      Axis 1 and Axis 2, DSM 5 -- I'm lacking the word.







                                                                   84
       1             All the psychiatric institutes have closed.

       2             Our mentally-ill inmate population has also

       3      spiked.

       4             We need better -- in Cattaraugus County, we

       5      need better medical, and additional, medical

       6      support, mental-health support, to deal with the

       7      inmates that are going to be with us.

       8             And we're struggling to do that right now

       9      with the existing resources.

      10             In addition to that, it's my belief that

      11      there needs to be -- we have excellent cooperation

      12      with the Cattaraugus County, with our

      13      District Attorney's Office, with the State Police,

      14      the Sheriffs' Office, with the city PDs, and the

      15      drug courts.

      16             But I think we need to be a little bit better

      17      at recognizing a drug user versus drug dealer.

      18             And I've got plenty of room, in any cell, any

      19      day of the week, for somebody who's dealing.  And

      20      that includes doctors that are overprescribing or

      21      abusively prescribing.

      22                  [Applause.]

      23             SHERIFF TIMOTHY WHITCOMB:  But somebody who

      24      is using doesn't necessarily need to sit in our

      25      county jail.







                                                                   85
       1             And we're part of the process, and they're

       2      going to be there, but some of those other programs

       3      that could be available.

       4             I recognize that there was a seat for our

       5      probation director today.  He's -- unfortunately,

       6      he's not here to answer this.

       7             But, programs like electronic monitoring, or,

       8      some type of a master's-trained counselor, or,

       9      vocational trade person, who can assist us with

      10      helping inmates who have substance-abuse issues

      11      transition into a successful life when they come

      12      out.

      13             As Sheriff Gerace said, we have a captive

      14      audience.  They're clear-eyed, they're sober; it's

      15      an opportunity.  And we don't have the resources to

      16      make the impact that we would like to.

      17             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      18             Captain Balon, did you want to say anything,

      19      New York State Police?

      20             CAPTAIN ERIC J. BALON:  I, obviously, don't

      21      have the same problems as the sheriffs do.  I don't

      22      have --

      23             I'll just slide over.

      24             I don't have the same problems.  I don't have

      25      inmates, I don't have prisoners.







                                                                   86
       1             But what we do have is road patrols, and the

       2      sheriffs do, too, that encounter people every day.

       3             Right now, if a crime hasn't been committed,

       4      we just pack up and go.

       5             If we do see somebody who needs help, I don't

       6      know what -- you know, if I was on the road,

       7      I wouldn't know what resources to refer them to.

       8             I think the best thing that we can do is just

       9      educate the troopers, educate the deputies, educate

      10      the patrolmen, on what resources are available, and

      11      how these people can go about getting that help.

      12             Like I said, I can speak for my road troopers

      13      right now.

      14             If they encounter somebody who needs help, we

      15      don't know who to refer them to.

      16             You know, maybe we can refer them to an

      17      agency, or something.

      18             But it would be better if we had a packet of,

      19      "Here's numbers you can call," instead of just

      20      saying, you know, Call the county, call somebody

      21      else.

      22             Give us numbers.  You know, let us know who

      23      we can send these people to.

      24             SENATOR YOUNG:  That's a great idea.

      25                  [Applause.]







                                                                   87
       1             SHERIFF JOSEPH GERACE:  If you don't mind,

       2      Senator?

       3             One of the other things I feel that we

       4      have -- we're missing an opportunity, is the reality

       5      is, and I mentioned 85 percent of our inmates are

       6      presentenced.

       7             So, at any given time, if somebody shows up

       8      at our door with bail, they're gone.  We have no

       9      control over them.

      10             So I feel that we need to support our

      11      probation departments to a much greater level, so

      12      those people can use "RUS," or, release under

      13      supervision, of probation as a mechanism to, not

      14      only leave jail early -- as Sheriff Whitcomb said,

      15      they don't belong there, they need treatment -- but

      16      to have somebody that they're -- they have to report

      17      to to get released, that does continue to aid them,

      18      assist them, and direct them once they walk out that

      19      door.

      20             Because, as long as someone comes up with the

      21      bail money, it could be three in the morning, we

      22      open the door and let them go.

      23             Yes, I want to treat them in the jail.

      24      I want a better system of doing that.

      25             But we also have to be able to guide them







                                                                   88
       1      once they leave the facility, or they'll go right

       2      back to the same people, places, and things.

       3             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

       4             Counselor Bova.

       5             ARLENE BOVA:  Yes.  [Speaking in native

       6      language.]

       7             Just, sort of, I want to reaffirm a few of

       8      the comments that were given today.

       9             I believe the strong message is "no addicts."

      10             That's what we need.

      11             And I [speaking in native language] for your

      12      very direct message on that.  And I hope everyone

      13      heard that.

      14             But to our youth, what I've heard from them

      15      is to say:  Communicate to us.

      16             And I believe we need to communicate in the

      17      way they communicate today; that is technology.

      18             The Captain just referred to pamphlets.

      19             Our youth, and our, I'd say, young under 30,

      20      they use their phones.  There are so many, now, ways

      21      to match up their phones with information, that

      22      could be on there to hand out.

      23             Amanda stepped out, but what I heard her say

      24      is that she participated in underaged drinking.

      25             You know, this put her in the arena where







                                                                   89
       1      there were drugs.  There were people pushing those

       2      drugs on her.

       3             She made a choice.  She has paid some

       4      consequences for that.

       5             I believe parents and the community need to

       6      pay consequences when they facilitate and they allow

       7      underaged drinking.

       8             It is now graduation season, prom, and, you

       9      see parents host or look the other way.

      10             What's with that?

      11             What is with a community not saying something

      12      about that?

      13             You know, the message is about "no addicts."

      14             And, this is very emotional for me.

      15             In the last six months, I've seen somebody

      16      under 50 buried every month, and it's pretty much

      17      due to drugs, all of them.

      18             Whether the drugs, diabetes; when they become

      19      diabetic, they get addicted to various things.

      20             We've seen it.  We live that every day.

      21             I've seen two babies under 5, gone, because

      22      of the situation they had been around with alcohol

      23      and drugs.

      24             You know, what's it going to take?

      25             My boy is 15.







                                                                   90
       1             When he was 13, I was fortunate, I could send

       2      him to North Carolina to live with his brother,

       3      because he could not make some of the right choices.

       4             People were asking him to steal.  They were

       5      asking him to move things; drugs.

       6             I'm very thankful for the sheriffs that were

       7      there to assist, and told me what to do.

       8             He threatened suicide one day.

       9             Hardest thing you do is call and say

      10      "my son."

      11             They were there.

      12             He went to WCA.

      13             Unfortunately, there was no follow-up from

      14      his provider -- I mean, his addiction counselor.

      15             But I was fortunate that, when we saw the

      16      sheriffs on the road, they would check.  They'd

      17      check on our youth.

      18             Our marshals check on our youth.

      19             I'm also going to beg the schools, from the

      20      superintendents, down, help your teachers.

      21             When your teachers say they need help, you

      22      help them.  They have my children longer than I do

      23      in a day.

      24             So please support them.

      25             Support the teachers with the funding and the







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       1      resources that they need.

       2             We can all network, we can make things

       3      happen.  But it's going to take everyone.

       4             And it's "no addicts."  That's what we want.

       5                  [Applause.]

       6             SENATOR YOUNG:  I know we have some federal

       7      agents here today, federal representatives, and

       8      I know they're working very hard to interdict the

       9      drugs that are coming in.

      10             So, I don't know if they wanted to contribute

      11      some ideas of what they're working on?

      12             MICHELLE SPAHN:  Can everyone hear me okay?

      13             Hi, I'm Michelle Spahn from the

      14      Drug Enforcement Administration out of Buffalo.

      15             I have to say that it's great to see everyone

      16      here today, and the participation that we've seen,

      17      really, across the state.

      18             And thank you for inviting us here today.

      19             What I can tell you is that, I've been in

      20      this position since October of 2013.  But I was a

      21      supervisor of the task force here in Buffalo for the

      22      last five years.

      23             Just over the last three years, you know, in

      24      our position with conducting investigations,

      25      targeting the highest-level traffickers, we have







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       1      seen almost a 400 percent increase in the number of

       2      heroin seizures that we've had just over the last

       3      three years.

       4             Part of that, I believe, is really a

       5      testament to the I-STOP program, because we saw a

       6      significant increase between the heroin seizures

       7      from 2012 to 2013.  And we did see a decrease in the

       8      number of opiate and opioid seizures between those

       9      years.

      10             So, you know, I can tell you that we've seen

      11      a huge increase in the number of heroin seizures, as

      12      well as the number of heroin arrests.

      13             We've worked closely with the U.S. Attorney's

      14      Office, Bill Hochul and Tim Lynch, to prosecute

      15      those that chose to divert pharmaceuticals and sell

      16      those drugs on the streets.

      17             We've had some very successful investigations

      18      of rogue doctors, as well as other health-care

      19      professionals, who have, obviously, diverted these

      20      chemicals on to the street.  Doctors who have

      21      operated pill-mills, and who have really operated,

      22      of course, outside of normal medical procedure.

      23             And I have to say that those individuals are

      24      rogue, because the majority of the members of our

      25      health-care profession do practice in an ethical







                                                                   93
       1      and, of course, safe manner.

       2             I also have to say that, last year, in

       3      Erie County, I have to comment to Erie County, that

       4      the number of overdose deaths due to chemical

       5      intoxication was 124.

       6             About 60 percent of those were related to

       7      heroin, fentanyl, and other opiates, which is huge.

       8             I can also tell you that, this year,

       9      according to the Erie Crime Analysis Center, between

      10      January 1st of this year, up to April 9th, there

      11      were 48 total chemical-overdose deaths --

      12      chemical-intoxication overdose deaths.

      13             And half of those, almost, 21 of those, were

      14      heroin or heroin-fentanyl related, which is an

      15      alarming statistic that we're seeing as a trend for

      16      this year, for 2014.  And I only see it increasing

      17      from there.

      18             What I can tell you is that DEA has been

      19      reactive, because that's the nature of our job.

      20             That's the nature of any law-enforcement

      21      department or agency, is to be reactive.  To, you

      22      know, arrest drug traffickers and prosecute them,

      23      with the assistance of the U.S. Attorney's Office,

      24      to the fullest extent.

      25             But I can also tell you that a huge part of







                                                                   94
       1      what we do is, really, to get out into the

       2      community, to provide awareness, education.

       3             I know we've brought this up so many times

       4      here today, because that's a huge part of what we

       5      do.  We want to bridge that gap between

       6      law enforcement and community.

       7             Also, as a national event, DEA has held

       8      pill take-back events.

       9             Since 2011, in this area in Western New York,

      10      since the inception of the National Pill Take-Back

      11      Program, we've collected over 74,000 pounds of

      12      unused and unwanted prescription medications, which

      13      is really a true testament to the involvement of the

      14      community, that participation, and the awareness of

      15      the community in this effort, but, also, to the

      16      amount of prescription drugs that are being

      17      prescribed; because, really, that's just a fraction

      18      of what's making it on to the street or in the hands

      19      of patients and those that do have an addiction

      20      problem, unfortunately.

      21             I can tell you that, just in the last event

      22      that we held, which was in October of -- I'm sorry,

      23      our last was April of 2014, of this year, we

      24      collected 11,929 pounds from Western New York in

      25      about 30 site -- 40 sites.  I'm sorry.







                                                                   95
       1             So I can tell you that the pill take-back

       2      program is working.

       3             We also have a program that we started about

       4      three years ago called "Game-Changers."

       5             This is a program -- the reason I'm bringing

       6      it up here, is because this is a program that really

       7      provides at-risk youth an opportunity to stay off

       8      the streets on Friday nights, to participate, and

       9      learn basketball skills; but, also, learn the team

      10      concept.

      11             We also bring in guest speakers, motivational

      12      speakers, professional sports players, as well as

      13      prominent members of the community, who provide

      14      life lessons.

      15             They receive lessons on resume building, and

      16      character building.  You know, they also -- we have

      17      guest speakers from Kids Escaping Drugs.

      18             And thank you, Jodi, for being here, and

      19      thank you for your efforts.

      20             And to Robin Clouden [ph.], as well.

      21             But we have an individual that has been very

      22      instrumental to really making an impact in this

      23      program, who comes in as a guest speaker on each of

      24      those -- or, one of those Friday nights, I should

      25      say, to really tell his or her story.  And they are







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       1      recovering addicts, these individuals, and really

       2      make an impact to the kids.

       3             This program is meant for boys and girls,

       4      ages 9 to 18.  And this is our way of reaching out

       5      to kids, you know, almost before it's too late.

       6             It really starts -- we really have to start

       7      young with our children.

       8             This program actually was instituted in

       9      Buffalo.

      10             And we currently have a site, also, in

      11      Niagara Falls that's scheduled to kick off tomorrow.

      12      It's from 6 to 9 p.m on Friday nights, usually

      13      during the summer, usually an eight-week program.

      14             But I offer it to any city or any town that

      15      feels they can benefit from this program.

      16             We usually couple with the

      17      U.S. Attorney's Office, as well as the city and the

      18      mayor's office that the program is conducted in, as

      19      well as the local police department and our local

      20      community partners.

      21             And, really, this program has been hugely

      22      successful, with over 100 students who have

      23      participated at each site.

      24             I can tell you that we've also gotten out

      25      into schools recently, just in the last couple of







                                                                   97
       1      years.  We have agents and task-force officers who

       2      have conducted presentations, drug-awareness

       3      presentations, at various colleges, high schools,

       4      middle schools; both, as part of our Red Ribbon

       5      Campaign in October, but, also, as part of just a

       6      general drug-awareness program.

       7             We've also been involved with a great project

       8      that Avi Israel heads up, with WNED, Channel 17,

       9      John Craig, which has been really instrumental in

      10      really providing that awareness.

      11             And congrats to Avi in getting that program,

      12      and helping that program kick off.

      13             That program does travel around to different

      14      high schools, and, elementary schools, I believe, if

      15      it was needed, to really put out that drug-awareness

      16      message.

      17             So, to us, you know, we're really committed

      18      to being involved in this, with our local law

      19      enforcement partners, as well as our treatment and

      20      health-care providers, to really make an impact and

      21      provide that awareness.

      22             So, thank you again.

      23                  [Applause.]

      24             SENATOR BOYLE:  Thank you very much.

      25             Thank you, Agent Spahn.







                                                                   98
       1             And thank you all.

       2             I have to run, to catch a plane, but, I can

       3      tell you that Senator Young, obviously, and the

       4      other Senators are going to stay, and increase the

       5      dialogue even more.

       6             I will say, though, due to technology, I will

       7      be sitting at home, watching the rest of this forum

       8      online tonight.

       9             And, I want to thank again, my colleagues in

      10      the Senate, President Snyder and the Seneca Nation,

      11      for hosting this forum.

      12             It has been invaluable.  We've gotten very

      13      good ideas.

      14             And, again, we're going to be seeing

      15      legislation passed, not in the coming months or

      16      years, but in the coming weeks, on what we've

      17      learned today.

      18             Thank you so much.

      19             We're going to win this fight together.

      20                  [Applause.]

      21             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Senator Boyle.

      22             I didn't know if Assistant U.S. Attorney

      23      Timothy Lynch would like to say something today?

      24             ASST. U.S. ATTY TIMOTHY LYNCH:  No -- well,

      25      Senator, I should bring Michelle to most of my







                                                                   99
       1      speaking engagements.  She did all the talking for

       2      me.

       3             She touched on, really, all the major points

       4      that I would have talked about.

       5             And, one, I think a lot of credit goes to the

       6      DEA.  They've certainly made it their highest

       7      priority to bring cases to our office involving

       8      doctors who are overprescribing, illegally

       9      prescribing, medications, as well as nurses who've

      10      done so, other people in the medical field, people

      11      who work at pharmacies.

      12             They're out there, hitting the streets,

      13      making contacts with their local partners, to bring

      14      these cases to our office.

      15             So I really appreciate, really, the effort

      16      that Michelle has put into it.

      17             The only other thing I want to comment on is

      18      a personal experience.  This addiction is near and

      19      dear to my heart.

      20             When I grew up, my family was -- I grew up in

      21      an addictive, abusive environment.

      22             And I think it was Pat that talked about it

      23      originally, but, you know, it's so important to have

      24      parental involvement.  Having parents who are

      25      knowledgeable in the area, who are willing to talk







                                                                   100
       1      to their kids about it.

       2             I was lucky.  My mom did that, from an early

       3      age.

       4             And I can honestly say that, from the

       5      beginning of my life, teenage life, it was very

       6      evident to me, and to my brothers and sisters, to

       7      stay away from drugs and alcohol.

       8             And it was because of my mother not being

       9      afraid to tell us that, hey, if we want to go talk

      10      to a doctor, if we want to go talk to a group

      11      setting, we should do that, so we can avoid falling

      12      into the same pitfalls that my father did.

      13             So, I appreciate all the work that all of

      14      the -- our service providers do, Kids Escaping

      15      Drugs.

      16             And I think that that really has to be an

      17      important component, getting that information out to

      18      parents, whether it be through the school system

      19      that they can do it, so they can have that knowledge

      20      base, and they can pass it on to their kids.

      21             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you very much.

      22             And I just had one quick question:  Where

      23      does most of the heroin come from in

      24      Western New York?

      25             MICHELLE SPAHN:  Our major source city in







                                                                   101
       1      Western New York is actually New York City.

       2             20 percent of all of the heroin that's --

       3      actually comes from Mexico, gets distributed in

       4      New York City.  And then usually what happens is,

       5      the heroin travels down the pipeline to cities like

       6      Buffalo and Rochester.

       7             We have other source cities, as well, other

       8      source states.  But the majority of our heroin does

       9      come from New York City.

      10             SENATOR YOUNG:  Do they transport it in cars?

      11      Or how do they get it here?

      12             MICHELLE SPAHN:  Typically, that's the way

      13      that it's transported.

      14             Sometimes we do see it in bulk quantities,

      15      like in kilogram quantities.

      16             But, typically, there are, you know,

      17      "heroin mills" is what they call them, where they

      18      actually break down the heroin in New York City, so

      19      it travels in smaller quantities, typically, to

      20      Buffalo.

      21             But sometimes we have seen, as in the case of

      22      2013, we had a large heroin seizure that was in

      23      kilogram quantity, so...

      24             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      25             Chief Masullo, you wanted to say something.







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       1             POLICE CHIEF BERNIE MASULLO:  I'd' just like

       2      to give a perspective on what the police officers go

       3      through with this situation.

       4             Like the Sheriff from Cattaraugus County

       5      said, I have a department of 29 police officers.

       6      We're a third-ring suburb of Buffalo.

       7             And everything everybody says here, we deal

       8      with on a daily basis.

       9             As Mr. Snyder said, the president, kids are

      10      our future.

      11             Growing up, and a thing that's not really

      12      important -- it is important, but not important, is

      13      to talk about trash.  People used to throw trash out

      14      their window.

      15             And you talk about constantly keeping the

      16      message fresh.

      17             And, we got rid of littering, because we

      18      constantly kept the message fresh.

      19             That's what you have to do here: you have to

      20      keep the message fresh.

      21             You have to start early, you have to start

      22      young, and you have to stay on it.

      23             As Tim said, strong family.

      24             Every day, today, before I came here, I had a

      25      grandmother come in, whose daughter, a heroin







                                                                   103
       1      addict, who finally got put in jail, who lost her

       2      child to a boyfriend who's also a drug addict, who,

       3      the family court gave him the child.

       4             Grandparents have very little parental

       5      rights.  They come to us every day.

       6             My guys are counselors, they're doctors,

       7      they're lawyers.

       8             We have a counseling in Derby, New York.

       9             We work with Lake Shore Behavioral Health.

      10             We work with Spectrum.

      11             My officers just went through a

      12      critical-incident training, to deal with

      13      mentally-ill people, due to drug and alcohol.

      14             We are trying to do everything we can do to

      15      handle this.

      16             Has this been around when I was a kid?

      17             It was Robitussin medicine.  It was sniffing

      18      glue.

      19             Again, the strong family.

      20             Listening to the kids, they want their own

      21      people to tell them.

      22             You have to constantly give the message.

      23             This is a problem that's been around forever.

      24      We have to try to get a handle on it.

      25             I don't have an answer.







                                                                   104
       1             I don't know if anybody has an answer how to

       2      get a handle on it.

       3             My messages to the kids in school, we lost

       4      our D.A.R.E. officer.  We had him for 19 years.

       5             Again, thank you to the nation.  We have a

       6      school resource officer.  He's going to Pittsburgh,

       7      Pennsylvania, to school very shortly.

       8             When he comes back, we're going to develop a

       9      plan.  We're going to -- the message is going to be

      10      every day.

      11             My officers are trained every day.

      12             How do we get in touch with the kids?

      13             In our program and our computer system, we

      14      have a thing called "Master Name."

      15             And anybody that's been in law enforcement

      16      here, we start seeing the kids.

      17             We start seeing little Johnny, once, twice,

      18      three times.  The parents call.  Little Johnny gets

      19      in trouble.  Parents come to us, What can we do?

      20             We refer them to the counseling.

      21             First touch, when they get arrested, family

      22      court.

      23             I have an issue with family court;

      24      New York State family court.

      25             I've been in law enforcement for 36 years:







                                                                   105
       1      patrol, detective, and chief.

       2             I said strong message early?

       3             They get slapped on the wrist, go back home.

       4             I'm a firm believer, you touch the burning

       5      stove, you're not going to touch it again.

       6             That's the way I was brought up.

       7             Thank God, my kids were brought up the same

       8      way; I've been fortunate.

       9             But you have to be strong with your kids, you

      10      have to deliver the message constantly, to get a

      11      handle on this.

      12             Our kids are our future.

      13             We have kids and we have adults that are in

      14      it now.  We have to try to control that.  We have to

      15      try to keep them under control.

      16             But, the kids now that are coming up, the

      17      kids that are 5 years old, 6 years old,

      18      10 years old, those are our future.

      19             We have to constantly give the message.

      20             Thank you.

      21             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Chief.

      22             And thank you for bringing up

      23      Lake Shore Hospital and the behavioral-health

      24      program.

      25                  [Applause.]







                                                                   106
       1             SENATOR YOUNG:  And as you know, we're

       2      working very hard and we need everyone's support to

       3      keep, not only behavioral health going, because we

       4      have such a need for more treatment programs, but,

       5      also, to keep that hospital going.

       6             So thank you very much for that.

       7             At this point, we'd like to open it up to the

       8      audience.

       9             And, if anyone has any statement they would

      10      like to make, or have any question for members of

      11      the panel, I would invite you forward.

      12             So, there's a microphone that you can see

      13      down front.

      14             And, I see Dr. Tony Evans.

      15             DR. TONY EVANS:  Thank you.

      16             Senators, good to see you again.

      17             Mr. Goodell, good to see you.

      18             The real experts in youth development and

      19      delinquency prevention are the youth-bureau

      20      personnel throughout New York State, on a county and

      21      municipal level.

      22             Standing with me is city of Salamanca Youth

      23      Bureau Director, Sandy Brundage.

      24             She represents the only youth bureau on

      25      territory, Native-American territory, in Salamanca.







                                                                   107
       1             I'm the incoming president of the State Youth

       2      Bureau Association.

       3             And, every day, we deal with 1.5 million kids

       4      throughout New York State.

       5             "1.5 million."

       6             When I started my job 15 years ago, the State

       7      allocated to county youth bureaus, $6.50, times

       8      26,000.  That was the money that we were to take,

       9      and our resource allocation that we would support

      10      the city of Olean Youth Bureau, the city of

      11      Salamanca Youth Bureau, the parks and recreation

      12      programs, that are vital for the kids' welfare in

      13      the non-school and out-of-school hours, because we

      14      know that every kid who has more than two or

      15      three hours of unstructured, unsupervised time is a

      16      kid at risk, and are vulnerable to the things you've

      17      been talking about.

      18             This past year, in the current state budget,

      19      we were allocated $1.69 per child.

      20             So that drop, precipitous drop, in State

      21      funding, to help youth bureaus look after kids,

      22      I think there's a correlation to what we see

      23      happening here.

      24             And I don't think you need to be a genius to

      25      figure that out.







                                                                   108
       1             So, support your youth bureaus -- your county

       2      youth bureaus, your municipal youth bureaus -- who

       3      do so much for our kids.

       4             Sandy.

       5             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

       6             SANDY BRUNDAGE:  Thank you.

       7             My name is Sandy Brundage, again, and I'm the

       8      City of Salamanca Youth Bureau Director.

       9             I've only lived there about 22 years or so,

      10      so I feel like I'm still new.

      11             But I can tell you that, every day, we have

      12      between 50 and 60 kids.  The school buses come, drop

      13      off three or four bus loads of kids, and, we are

      14      left to deal with kids who are hungry, kids who are

      15      addicted already.

      16             Last week we had a conversation with our kids

      17      about pills they were getting from Rite-Aid; pills

      18      that they were taking to get high.

      19             One young man said to me:  Hey, I almost fell

      20      over in school this morning because I was still high

      21      from last night.

      22             So it is prevalent.

      23             I don't care if you're purple, pink, Black,

      24      White, Native American, Caucasian, from Mars, we

      25      really need to help our kids.  We really need to







                                                                   109
       1      work together.  We need to own our kids.  We need to

       2      buy into our communities.

       3             That is the only way that we really, my

       4      opinion, are going to fix the problem.

       5             It starts with the little kids.

       6              We are working with our friends from

       7    CAReS.  Currently, we're doing an anti-drinking and

       8    -drugging campaign called "What's It Worth To You?"

       9             And we have 5- and 6-year-old kids who are

      10      drawing posters about beer, and they're very

      11      specific in the branding already of the kinds of

      12      beer that they're putting in their posters.

      13              It's probably not spelled correctly, but

      14    they know what it is.

      15             And so, my opinion, we start even younger,

      16      preschool-age children, on up through.

      17             Thank you very much.

      18             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Sandy.

      19                  [Applause.]

      20             DR. TONY EVANS:  We all say kids are our

      21      future, but we have to have a behavioral commitment

      22      and a financial commitment to what we say we

      23      believe.

      24             Thank you.

      25                  [Applause.]







                                                                   110
       1             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

       2             UNKNOWN SPEAKER:  I serve on the

       3      Chautauqua County Youth Bureau Board, and I second

       4      what they're saying about the lack of funding, and

       5      how it's affected our ability in Chautauqua County

       6      to provide services.

       7             SENATOR YOUNG:  I agree.  Thank you.

       8             ANDY O'BRIEN [ph.]:  Hi, my name is

       9      Andy O'Brien from WCA Hospital in Jamestown,

      10      director of mental-health and chemical-dependency

      11      services.

      12             Just a brief statement.

      13             First of all, to echo what Jodi and Laura

      14      said about the insurance issues, and the impact of

      15      moving everything into managed care, that's going to

      16      be a serious concern in a couple of years' time.

      17             But I do have a simple suggestion that can

      18      address you some of the things that Avi was talking

      19      about; and he was talking about, in general, access

      20      to services on a timely basis.

      21             What I hear in my profession mostly is from

      22      family members who are desperate today to get some

      23      help.  And they don't want to wait until tomorrow,

      24      they don't want to wait until next week.

      25             One of the problems is, access when people







                                                                   111
       1      need it.

       2             We have a system where families are totally

       3      lost, trying to navigate through the system, as to

       4      find out where can they go to get some help.

       5             And, often, they're faced with a series of

       6      telephone numbers, and they have to call around

       7      20 or 30 places, often to find out that there's

       8      nobody there, they get an answering machine, and

       9      they don't know what to do.

      10             I've suggested to the New York State Office

      11      of Alcohol and Substance Services, on several

      12      occasions, and, also, the Office of Mental Health,

      13      that a simple solution is to have a live website

      14      that tells you the name of a facility that has an

      15      open bed today.

      16             I still don't understand why that hasn't been

      17      developed, but that's the solution.

      18             Thank you.

      19                  [Applause.]

      20             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      21             JESSICA SHERMAN:  Good afternoon.

      22             My name is Jessica Sherman.  I also work for

      23      Kids Escaping Drugs.

      24             We spoke briefly today about the peer-to-peer

      25      program that we offer for our youth.  That's our







                                                                   112
       1      face-to-face program.

       2             I wanted to make it known to everybody here

       3      that we also have a parent-to-parent component of

       4      that program, and we have a component where we will

       5      educate educators, about the dangers, the

       6      consequences, the ever-changing signs, symptoms, and

       7      trends that are so prevalent in adolescent substance

       8      abuse.

       9             All three of those components of that

      10      face-to-face program are offered free of charge to

      11      any community in any school district in all of

      12      Western New York.

      13             So if you're not aware of those services, we

      14      are very willing to come out to you, and to educate

      15      your students, your educational professionals, and

      16      your parents about these ever-changing things they

      17      need to be very, very aware of.

      18             So I just wanted to make sure that everyone

      19      here knew that that was available, not only in the

      20      schools, but in community organizations as well.

      21             Thank you.

      22                  [Applause.]

      23             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      24             Mayor Vecchiarella.

      25             MAYOR CARMEN VECCHIARELLA:  My name is







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       1      Carmen Vecchiarella.  I'm mayor of the city of

       2      Salamanca.

       3             99 percent of the city of Salamanca is

       4      located on Allegany territory.

       5             We have to partner together.

       6             The Seneca Nation, I applaud them.

       7             I was there with Sheriff Whitcomb when they

       8      helped the county legislator.

       9             I was the legislator previously.

      10             We have to do something because, in Salamanca

      11      right now, we've probably had four people that died

      12      in the last month and a half.

      13             Two the other day from ODs.

      14             We had an overdose last night.

      15             I mean, we don't have a hospital there.  We

      16      don't have an urgent-care center there.

      17             We have to transport to Olean, 2 1/2 hours to

      18      come back, if we have anybody with a heart attack,

      19      or that.

      20             I mean, right now, I have a proposal in front

      21      with the Seneca Nation, talking to them, on, we need

      22      resources, basically.

      23             They know we only have a couple police on at

      24      night.

      25             The drug dealers and the people from out of







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       1      town, years ago, like with Arlene was talking about,

       2      or Darlene, or the counselors, you could walk down

       3      the streets, we knew everybody.

       4             Now we don't know anybody.

       5             We get 12, 13, 14 of them going at it at

       6      once.  The drug dealers are coming in, they're

       7      following the money.  They know what's happening,

       8      and it's a situation.

       9             I know the District Attorney, Lori Rehman,

      10      we're really over-buried.

      11             We got to really pull together.

      12             Either get some resources from the State, or

      13      something, because, you know, we're mandated on a

      14      lot of these programs, but the idea is, we don't

      15      have the law enforcement to handle it.

      16             I mean, we've got, the Southern Tier Drug

      17      Task Force does an excellent job, but they're spread

      18      pretty thin.

      19             And in Salamanca, every time there's an

      20      arrest, there's White and Natives altogether.

      21             And we get so many people from Buffalo.

      22             And the idea is, the heroin is the biggest

      23      thing.

      24             I mean, when you have five or six deaths,

      25      result in ODs, in the last month and a half in a







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       1      little town like Salamanca, that's something wrong.

       2             And we're having, definitely, plenty of, and

       3      I'm talking ODs, that are dead.  I'm not talking

       4      people who survived.

       5             We've probably had eight or nine that OD'd,

       6      that did survive.

       7             But, you know, they're coming in from all

       8      over.

       9             So we definitely got to partner somehow, and

      10      we definitely got to address it; but we have to

      11      address it now, or we're not going to have a future.

      12             Thank you.

      13             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Mayor.

      14                  [Applause.]

      15             SENATOR YOUNG:  DA Foley.

      16             DAVID FOLLEY:  Good afternoon, everyone.

      17             David Foley, Chautauqua County

      18      District Attorney.

      19             I congratulate all of you for coming and

      20      sitting here, and giving your ideas.

      21             And at least, as District Attorney for

      22      Chautauqua County, I've been a real strong proponent

      23      of the drug-treatment courts, and sending those that

      24      are addicted to different substances into these

      25      programs, to try and get help.







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       1             And I congratulate the sheriffs from both

       2      counties.

       3             I know that I work very closely with

       4      Sheriff Gerace, in trying to designate those people

       5      that are in the jail, to get them out, to get them

       6      services.

       7             But we also have people out there that are

       8      dealing drugs, that are in the business of dealing

       9      drugs.  And there has been two substantial changes

      10      in the drug-sentencing laws.

      11             The most recent one was in 2009, and that,

      12      effectively, took a lot of power out of the

      13      District Attorney's hands and our ability to get

      14      stiff sentencing against individuals.

      15             I'll give you an example:  A second-time drug

      16      felon seller automatically get to apply to diversion

      17      and get into drug-treatment courts.

      18             It's like giving the kid the keys to the

      19      candy store, and he goes in there.

      20             And legitimate people who are addicted and

      21      are trying to get better.

      22             And they're out, and they get an automatic

      23      reduction to the crime and they never see any state

      24      prison term.

      25             Handing over to the Department of Corrections







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       1      the ability for individuals to enroll in the

       2      Willard program multiple times, and getting out in a

       3      matter of months, when we're trying to get state

       4      prison terms against them, effectively, has taken

       5      the teeth out of prosecution in regards to drug

       6      sentencings.

       7             And I would really encourage you, on the

       8      other end of this, besides looking at addicted

       9      individuals and helping them, look at these

      10      drug-sentencing laws.

      11             I mean, if you can go in and you can soften

      12      the drug sentencings, let's say, for marijuana,

      13      certainly, you can go in and take a look at such an

      14      awful drug like heroin and say, We really need to

      15      address what we're going to do with those

      16      individuals that come into our towns for the sole

      17      purpose of setting up sales.

      18             And we need to be able to effectively

      19      terminate them, and not see them back out on the

      20      street in five or six months like we've done

      21      repeatedly and repeatedly and repeatedly.

      22             I know it's very frustrating for the

      23      Southern Tier Regional Drug Task Force.

      24             It's very frustrating for my office.

      25             And I'm sure I speak, probably, on behalf of







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       1      most of the district attorneys in New York State.

       2             Thank you.

       3                  [Applause.]

       4             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, DA.

       5             David, just to let you know, there's several

       6      law-enforcement initiatives in our package, that I'd

       7      like to send to you for your response.

       8             One of them is to not allow drug dealers to

       9      be in shock programs, such as Willard.

      10             Another one, is to establish the crime of

      11      operating as a major trafficker.

      12             Establishing the crime of transporting an

      13      opioid controlled substance.

      14             And, facilitating the conviction of drug

      15      dealers.

      16             And I hope all of those things would be

      17      helpful to you and other DAs all across the state.

      18             POLICE CHIEF TIM WALSH:  Good afternoon,

      19      Senator, and everyone else.

      20             My name is Tim Walsh.  I'm the chief of

      21      police in Wellsville, New York.  And I've been in

      22      law enforcement for the past 37 years.

      23             When I first started, the drug problem in the

      24      Southern Tier was pretty much marijuana.

      25             Today, as I am coming to the closure of my







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       1      career, we have a barn fire with the heroin and

       2      opiate issues.

       3             Drug diversion is a huge problem in my

       4      community, and we are working diligently with the

       5      people from the Southern Tier Regional Drug Task

       6      Force, CNET, and, also, we have some things going on

       7      with the DEA.

       8             We are using every resource that we have

       9      available to us, to our best use.

      10             Several years ago we had resources to have a

      11      youth officer.  We had resources to have an officer

      12      assigned to the drug task force.

      13             With the way the system is with the state

      14      taxes now, and everything, we just don't have the

      15      ability to fund those positions.

      16             My thought is that, if we want a safe

      17      New York, we take a look at putting some of the

      18      funding back into relieving local tax issues so we

      19      have the resources to successfully restaff those

      20      positions and get after this matter as it should be.

      21             I might also suggest that as one of the

      22      things that we can do to help the problem,

      23      especially with drug diversion, is to equip every

      24      police facility in New York State, or any other type

      25      of facility where there's security, with the drug







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       1      drop-boxes, so people that have opiates in their

       2      homes that have been overly-prescribed, because,

       3      after just participating in the recent pill drop,

       4      it's just unbelievable the pills that are brought

       5      into that.

       6             But I think that would also help with this

       7      issue, if we could get these secure drop-boxes so

       8      people can -- don't have to wait for the official

       9      drops.

      10             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Chief.

      11             POLICE CHIEF TIM WALSH:  Thank you.

      12                  [Applause.]

      13             SENATOR YOUNG:  DA Rehman.

      14             DA LORI REHMAN:  Hi.  I'm Lori Rehman.  I'm

      15      the Cattaraugus County District Attorney.

      16             And I just wanted to buttress on, I totally

      17      agree with everything that District Attorney Foley

      18      said.

      19             But I would also add something on what

      20      Sheriff Whitcomb and Sheriff Gerace addressed, is

      21      that our probation departments do not have the

      22      resources.

      23             And, for a first-time offender, a lot of --

      24      as a prosecutor, we have very few tools with drug

      25      addicts, because they're selling, a lot of times, to







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       1      support their addiction.  So they're sellers also,

       2      but, then, we have sellers.

       3             I mean, in my 13-year career, there are

       4      people I have sent to prison four or five times, and

       5      they're back out on the street within six,

       6      seven months, especially with Willard, and they're

       7      dealing.

       8             All they have to do is convince the judge

       9      that they're an addict.

      10             But you look at their record, and I argue and

      11      argue until I'm blue in the face, and repeatedly say

      12      "I told you so," because they're back.

      13             But we have -- there's a distinction between

      14      somebody who sells to support their habit and

      15      somebody sell sells to make money.

      16             And we have a large amount of people who get

      17      the drugs from other people and sell them to support

      18      their habit; and those are our local kids.  Those

      19      are the people that didn't come to sell.  They're

      20      not making money.  Most of them, a lot of them, are

      21      living on the streets.  But when we arrest them,

      22      it's going to be a felony because it's selling.

      23             We have very few resources, besides jail.

      24             We send them to jail, and they have to come

      25      down when -- we have to do these in roundups,







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       1      because we have to surprise them and we have to

       2      protect our informants, so they all go to jail on a

       3      Superior Court warrant.

       4             We try to set reasonable bail.  We try to do

       5      release under supervision.  But we have nothing.

       6             We try to get them into treatment.

       7             We have nothing to do with these people

       8      except incarcerate them, to make sure they're not

       9      using, and to make sure they show up for court.

      10             So I feel like we need more treatment options

      11      for the jail, for probation.

      12             And the other thing is, if it's a felony and

      13      we end up with a felony disposition, and it's their

      14      first offense, they should get probation.  But a lot

      15      of them, because of the seriousness of their

      16      addictions, they can't comply, and we'll put them

      17      back in jail.

      18             And I know -- I don't think it's very easy to

      19      break down, but I think a large number of our

      20      inmates right now are violations of probation and

      21      violations of release under supervision.

      22             And a lot of times parolees who don't have

      23      enough resources when they get out, either, but, we

      24      just -- there's nothing we can do except incarcerate

      25      them.







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       1             And we -- you know, it's very frustrating,

       2      because that's my option.  I have to keep the

       3      streets safe, also.  And we also will have to

       4      protect these people from themselves.

       5             And with the pregnant women, I'd rather they

       6      sit in jail as a high-risk pregnancy than be out on

       7      the street using while they're pregnant.

       8             But what do we do?  We have nothing --

       9      nowhere to send these people.  We have no good

      10      treatment facilities.  They're overworked, they're

      11      overburdened, and no money to send them, either.

      12             Most of our people in Cattaraugus County that

      13      we deal with are below poverty level.  They're on

      14      all kinds of funding to begin with, but some of them

      15      are on nothing.  And we have nothing we can do with

      16      them.

      17             It's very -- and it's -- especially, I think

      18      the Native-American population is highly

      19      overrepresented for those issues.

      20             And I think part of it is also with the

      21      casino and the money coming in.

      22             As Mayor Vecchiarella said, the drugs are

      23      going to follow the money, and they might make more

      24      money there, but we don't have the resources to deal

      25      with the effects of it.







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       1             And, I mean, every year my budget gets cut,

       2      or it doesn't grow as it should, same with the

       3      sheriffs, because of all these mandates that -- and

       4      these tax caps.  Our legislator has the same pot

       5      they have to divide bigger and bigger.  And it's

       6      really hurting us to not have resources or places to

       7      send people.  And it cuts probation's budget a lot.

       8             It cuts everybody.

       9             Everybody that deals in providing services,

      10      we're all cut further and further.

      11             And there's never more money for

      12      district attorneys' office or sheriffs' departments

      13      or probation departments.

      14             And that's the frustrating thing, I see, is

      15      we have no options, and we have no money to do

      16      anything anyway.

      17             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      18                  [Applause.]

      19             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you very much.

      20             DANIEL LJILJANICH:  Senator?

      21             SENATOR YOUNG:  Yes.

      22             DANIEL LJILJANICH:  I'm sorry.

      23             Just as a representative of the schools, we

      24      often get asked by parents, What can I do to keep my

      25      kid away from drugs?







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       1             And one of the things that's been touched on

       2      by some of the non-school entities here, is getting

       3      them involved in other activities.

       4             My push to parents every single day, is to

       5      make sure your students are involved in the

       6      co-curricular activities.

       7             We have many offered in our school district.

       8      All the school districts around, do.

       9             Unfortunately, we've certainly had some of

      10      those cut in recent years, but we still provide many

      11      opportunities for our kids.

      12             If somebody said on a preventative -- on the

      13      preventive front, "What can we do?" it's get them

      14      involved in positive things early.

      15             Our middle school and high school students

      16      they're going to be doing something.  They're going

      17      to be involved in something after school.

      18             We want to make sure that they're possible

      19      things.

      20             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.  Excellent point.

      21             Thank you.

      22             Okay, maybe two or three more.

      23             And then, if people have more information to

      24      share, we welcome it, and we would ask that you

      25      either contact me or one of the other senators so







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       1      that we can include that information in the

       2      task force.

       3             I know County Executive Horrigan has come up

       4      with a lot of good data, that we're looking forward

       5      to having him share with us, also.

       6             So, maybe three more speakers.

       7             DR. MICHAEL KALSMAN:  Great, thank you.  I'll

       8      try to be brief.

       9             Dr. Michael Kalsman.  I'm the medical

      10      director of the Seneca Nation Health System.

      11             I practice on the Allegany territory.  I'm a

      12      primary-care physician.

      13             And, being a former pharmacist, and now a

      14      physician, I've been on the front line of this for

      15      quite a while.

      16             And, honestly, today, I kind of feel like I'm

      17      the bad guy.

      18             But, you know, I'd like to say that I -- you

      19      know, practicing in a rural area, I don't have much

      20      access to specialists, so I have to deal with

      21      chronic-pain treatment every day, and addiction

      22      every day.  And, I've taken it upon myself to become

      23      as educated as I can.

      24             We're currently in the process of rolling out

      25      new policies at our health department regarding







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       1      this, to hold the -- not only the providers more

       2      accountable, but patients more accountable.

       3             I agree that physicians need to be more

       4      educated about this.  Absolutely.

       5             I am a little concerned about how that

       6      goes -- how that is taken, if it's legislated or

       7      not.

       8             My fear, because I've already seen this a

       9      little bit with I-STOP, is -- and trust me, I think

      10      I-STOP's a wonderful program.

      11             But my fear is that physicians will just

      12      simply say, Fine, I'm not going to prescribe pain

      13      medications at all.

      14             Now, I treat a lot of chronic-pain patients.

      15             And what medical evidence will show you is

      16      that less than 10 percent of chronic-pain patients

      17      begin to abuse or misuse chronic-pain meds.

      18             So we need -- as being an advocate for some

      19      of those chronic-pain patients, we need to do this

      20      in a careful way.

      21             That's my first comment.

      22             The second comment is simply that, and I know

      23      this has already been said, but it really begins at

      24      home.

      25             What I see every, every day is complacency







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       1      towards entry-level abuse, such as alcohol and

       2      marijuana.

       3             Marijuana is not even considered a drug when

       4      I talk to people.

       5             More than 50 percent of my prenatal patients

       6      are positive for marijuana when we do screens at

       7      their first prenatal visit, because it's not

       8      considered a drug.

       9             The community really -- parents and the

      10      community really have to address this issue.

      11             It begins at home.

      12             So, thank you.

      13             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you very much.

      14                  [Applause.]

      15             SENATOR YOUNG:  We have a young person who

      16      wants to contribute.

      17             TUCKER JAMISON [ph.]:  Hello.  My name is

      18      Tucker Jamison.  I am a senior at Gowanda Central

      19      Schools.

      20             Most of you had actually made a good --

      21      I agree with what most of you have said, that the

      22      programs for the kids have been -- being set up.

      23             But one thing that I think that should be

      24      said is -- or, should be done, is that it should be

      25      started at a younger age.  And, also, that the







                                                                   129
       1      parents get involved with these activities.

       2             Because, me, as myself, I look up to my

       3      parents.  And they had actually helped me get

       4      through a lot.  And having my parents come up to me

       5      and asking if I am doing drugs or anything actually

       6      gives me the reassurance that they care.

       7             And having that feeling of that caringness --

       8      caring from my parents is key, because it feels that

       9      you can trust other adults that can help you, such

      10      as counselors, because, throughout high school,

      11      I didn't really trust my counselor at all.  And

      12      I didn't come to her until pretty recently to talk

      13      to her, in general.

      14             And when there are some students that are

      15      struggling with alcohol or drug use, as well as any

      16      other household problems in the house.

      17             And it's just -- I just have to say, just,

      18      thank you for coming out here to do this, because

      19      this is really awesome that this is being done.

      20             SENATOR YOUNG:  Good job.  Thank you.

      21                  [Applause.]

      22             SENATOR YOUNG:  Ben Spitzer.

      23             BEN SPITZER:  Hello, Senator Young.

      24             SENATOR YOUNG:  Hello.

      25             BEN SPITZER:  I want to, first of all, thank







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       1      the Seneca Nation for making this opportunity

       2      available to everybody.

       3             I really don't have a question.  I just

       4      wanted to stand up after sitting in those bleachers.

       5                  [Laughter.]

       6             BEN SPITZER:  No, I do.

       7             But before I speak, I wanted to have a couple

       8      of my young people who came with me from the

       9      Chautauqua Lake Central School District to speak at

      10      the microphone.

      11             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

      12             ABIGAIL YANZI [ph.]:  Hi, my name's

      13      Abigail Yanzi [ph.] and this is

      14      Ashley Crandall [ph.].  We're both juniors at

      15      Chautauqua Lake High School.

      16             We just wanted to touch on what a couple of

      17      people have mentioned before about, like, healthy

      18      activities, and, like, the kids who are at risk are

      19      the ones that don't really have much to do after

      20      school.

      21             And, we want to talk about something.

      22             We both have been involved in 4-H since we

      23      were young.  And that's one of the programs in

      24      New York State that's been cut.

      25                  [Applause.]







                                                                   131
       1             ABIGAIL YANZI [ph.]:  And with budget cuts on

       2      certain programs like that, that limits what we can

       3      do.

       4             ASHLEY CRANDALL [ph.]:  A lot of people in

       5      our school don't really even know what 4-H is about.

       6             And that's a lot of things that we need to

       7      stop, because even if it was more prevalent in

       8      schools, more people knew:  How do I even join it?

       9      What is it?  How do I get involved?  How does this

      10      affect what time I have to spend free?

      11             Because this means that, even though it's,

      12      like, going to be in schools, what we need to do is

      13      not just in schools, because, most of the time, when

      14      people are getting involved with bad things, it's

      15      not anything to do with school.  It's always out of

      16      school.

      17             So, we need to make sure that parents, too,

      18      are willing to invest in their kids, because I know

      19      that's what my parents did with me, and they were

      20      very prevalent in my life.  They wanted me to be

      21      involved in positive things so I wouldn't have free

      22      time to get mixed up with the bad stuff.

      23             SENATOR YOUNG:  We agree with you, 4-H is a

      24      great program.

      25             Thank you.







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       1             BEN SPITZER:  Real quick, Ben Spitzer,

       2      Superintendent of Chautauqua Lake Central School

       3      District.  Also, the president of the Far West

       4      Council of School Superintendents in

       5      Chautauqua County.

       6             And I just wanted to make a very quick and

       7      short pitch for consideration to bring back the

       8      "school resource officer" program for all of our

       9      schools.

      10             I'm aware that the program is in some

      11      schools.

      12             And like so many other things, where we think

      13      about school districts, I think we need to think

      14      about equity.

      15             I know that, you know, that's been a word

      16      that's been quite prevalent this year, in terms of

      17      the budget discussions.

      18             But when we're talking about children and

      19      safety and bullying and these issues with drugs,

      20      I had the opportunity to have a school resource

      21      officer in my school district.  And it was, you

      22      know, a very reassuring feeling, but it was also an

      23      opportunity for students to connect with

      24      law enforcement in a way that made significant

      25      difference.







                                                                   133
       1             So, if you could give consideration to that.

       2             I wouldn't want it to have a school resource

       3      officer in one school, and not another school.

       4             All the kids in all the schools should be

       5      able to benefit from that program.

       6             Thank you.

       7                  [Applause.]

       8             SENATOR GALLIVAN:  Thank you, Superintendent.

       9             I -- on the "school resource officer" point,

      10      I have long been an advocate for it.

      11             The Senate was able to secure some funding in

      12      this year's budget to be made available for grants

      13      for school resource officers.

      14             My office is actually involved in putting the

      15      program together, with the Senate finance people.

      16             And within the next several weeks, we'll be

      17      getting information out to all of the schools.

      18             It will go through the various Senate

      19      offices, but our hope is, that we can make grant

      20      money available to any school that wants to utilize

      21      it for a school resource officer.

      22             BEN SPITZER:  Outstanding.  Thank you.

      23             RICK HUBER [ph.]:  My name is

      24      Rick Huber [ph.].  I'm the director of the only real

      25      peer-run mental-health association in the state of







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       1      New York.  We're from Chautauqua County.

       2             What that means is, everyone in my

       3      organization, including myself, has a mental-health

       4      diagnosis, and is a recovered addict, and also has

       5      college education in the field.

       6             Some of the things I've heard today, you

       7      know, I could spend the whole afternoon commenting

       8      on them because we encounter it.  We face this

       9      problem every day.

      10             If you come to my place tomorrow, you would

      11      see group after group, with 40 and 50 recovering

      12      addicts in it.  That's the kind of problem that we

      13      have.

      14             And the answer to the father's question about

      15      "Who do you call?" I give me cell phone number out

      16      over the radio all the time.  Parents can call us

      17      24/7.  Our phone number at our office runs right

      18      into our cell phones, and we answer it.

      19             But the thing I wanted to say today, is that

      20      I want to put a little positive spin on it.

      21             We are now going into our fourth meeting

      22      we'll be having July 23rd.

      23             My addicts -- I call them "mine," because

      24      they are, they're like family to me -- I've never

      25      seen that much hope in their faces, because of the







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       1      things that have been done, and the forums that are

       2      being held in Chautauqua County.  And now this.

       3             And it's great to see.  And we're actually

       4      making some progress on this.

       5             We've already trained 30-some parents in

       6      Narcan, that they have in their homes now.

       7             And, all kinds of things are going on over

       8      there, because of the original forums.

       9             And I think this is great.  And that's why

      10      I said I wanted to kind of give a positive note to

      11      it, that this will work.

      12             Thank you.

      13                  [Applause.]

      14             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you very much.

      15             Well, we have our two health-department

      16      directors for the counties of Chautauqua and

      17      Cattaraugus.

      18             Hi, Christine.

      19             Hi, Dr. Watkins.

      20             DR. KEVIN WATKINS:  Hi.

      21             Senator Young, and to all the representatives

      22      on the panel, I just want to say, we're just going

      23      to continue to advocate for resources within our

      24      community, as we know that it is the resources that

      25      are unavailable in order to help treat some of these







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       1      addicts that we're seeing in our community.

       2             Resources for education, resources for

       3      intervention, it's vastly needed.

       4             In addition, Mayor Vecchiarella said some

       5      very alarming statistics that should have shaken,

       6      you know, the feet of a lot of us, that we're losing

       7      a lot of these addicts.  And it's all unnecessary.

       8             I want to advocate for Narcan for all of our

       9      law-enforcement agents who are, primarily, the first

      10      responders to a lot of these scenes.

      11             And if they can administer the Narcan to a

      12      lot of these addicts, that would truly help reduce

      13      some of the mortalities that we're seeing within our

      14      community.

      15             In addition to the mortality that we're

      16      seeing, we've seen an increase in HIV, an increase

      17      in hepatitis B and hepatitis C.  And we also want to

      18      advocate for assistance in that area as well.

      19             And, so, I just want to end with that, and

      20      I'll introduce you to the Chautauqua County Health

      21      Director.

      22             CHRISTINE SCHUYLER:  Hi.

      23             Thank you, Senator Young, for talking about

      24      our unfortunate statistics with our babies with

      25      positive tox screens at birth.







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       1             And that's just an indication of a very

       2      parallel track that we're seeing because of the

       3      substance-abuse issues in our child welfare.

       4             There is some great new CPS legislation at

       5      the state level.  Many thanks to Erie County for

       6      that.

       7             But, what we're seeing in substance abuse

       8      directly impacts child welfare, when you're talking

       9      child abuse and neglect.

      10             We have a whole new generation of parents who

      11      are addicts.  These are these very, very young

      12      parents with infants, toddlers, and children, who

      13      are having them removed because they themselves are

      14      the addicts.

      15             So when we talk about educating parents,

      16      there's a whole nother subset of these very young

      17      parents that we also need to deal with.

      18             And I ask for your remembrance of that when

      19      we're talking about the stretch on the health and

      20      the mental-health systems; but, also, the tremendous

      21      burden that we're seeing right now in our

      22      child-welfare system.

      23             So, I'm also the social services commissioner

      24      for Chautauqua County, so, I'm seeing this on both

      25      ends.







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       1             And as far as our jail medical services, at

       2      one time, if the jail medical services were run

       3      underneath the local health department, it was

       4      eligible for 36 percent State aid under Article 6.

       5             That was eliminated by the State.

       6             That was the only source of any such

       7      reimbursement.

       8             All jail medical and mental-health services

       9      are completely funded by local-taxpayer dollars.

      10             There is no reimbursement.  There's no

      11      ability to bill insurance or Medicaid.  All coverage

      12      stops the day the person enters the jail.

      13             So I think when you have the captive

      14      audience, as Sheriff Gerace said, we've got to be

      15      able to, somehow, put some resources in there to get

      16      the help and the services into that jail that we

      17      can.

      18             We can't put that on the backs of local

      19      taxpayers anymore.

      20             And, if this is the way we're going to have

      21      the populations in the jail, by being so many people

      22      that are pregnant and are drug-addicted and have

      23      mental-health issues, then we better decide that

      24      we're going to treat them appropriately while

      25      they're there.







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       1             And we ask for your help with that.

       2             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you, Commissioner.

       3             Thank you very much.

       4                  [Applause.]

       5             SENATOR YOUNG:  Senator Gallivan's pointing

       6      out that we have done some things in the Senate to

       7      address that.

       8             We need the Assembly, however, to come along.

       9             And I know Assemblyman Goodell is very

      10      supportive, but we need the Assembly Speaker and

      11      leadership to support this legislation that we've

      12      put forward.

      13             I just want to say, sincerely, thank you to

      14      everyone for sharing, for contributing their ideas,

      15      their own experiences here, today.

      16             This type of input is extremely beneficial,

      17      and so very valuable, because, in Albany, sometimes

      18      people are making decisions, that don't truly

      19      understand what is happening in our school

      20      districts, in our communities, in our jails, with

      21      our law enforcement, with our educators, with our

      22      health professionals.

      23             And, so, with the information that you gave

      24      us today, it really and truly is going to make a

      25      difference.







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       1             We came up -- we wrote down a lot of notes.

       2             The -- we have a 25-bill package that we're

       3      passing in the Senate.

       4             I suspect that there will be even more bills

       5      that will be introduced, based on the testimony that

       6      we've heard.

       7             So I want to thank you.

       8             And I want to turn this over to

       9      Michael Kimelberg from the Seneca Nation of Indians.

      10             But, truly, thank you to the nation, to

      11      President Snyder, to the Tribal Councilors, and

      12      everyone who made this happen today.

      13             This is unprecedented.

      14             And, our work is just beginning.

      15             So this is a great conversation to have, but,

      16      as Chief Masullo said, we need to pay attention to

      17      this every single day.

      18             And that's what we will strive to do.

      19             So, thank you, everyone.

      20                  [Applause.]

      21             MICHAEL KIMELBERG:  Thank you, Senator Young.

      22             I would just echo your sentiments of

      23      gratitude to everyone in this room for spending

      24      three hours out of your day.

      25             This was a very productive dialogue.







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       1             And, you know, really, I think there's some

       2      very specific comments, suggestions, and

       3      recommendations peppered throughout the discussion.

       4             But sort of a major takeaway for me is the

       5      wealth of skilled and determined and compassionate

       6      individuals and groups tackling this issue on a

       7      daily basis, through many different facets and very

       8      different approaches to it.

       9             And really a key, I think for the region,

      10      is -- and certainly from the government's

      11      standpoint, is:  How does legislation, insurance

      12      reform, and funding efficiently and effectively

      13      support the work of the individuals and the groups

      14      who are doing the -- really, the hard work every

      15      day?

      16             So to that end, the question is, What's next?

      17             This is a terrific forum, but there's some

      18      real opportunities for meaningful and substantive

      19      follow up.

      20             One, we'll certainly be eager to see the

      21      legislation that emerges from the forums that have

      22      been held over the last few months.

      23             But, two, I think from the nation's

      24      perspective, we've really been able to recognize

      25      some potential partners and people that we can







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       1      follow up with on more specific and focused issues

       2      within the larger, you know, drug problem.

       3             And it's that community dialogue, that

       4      continued dialogue, moving towards solutions, which

       5      is where we really want to focus our efforts.

       6             So I think, you know, we've taken a lot of

       7      notes.  I've written down a lot of names, in terms

       8      of follow up with specific some folks here.

       9             And we really look forward to continuing that

      10      dialogue.

      11             I just want to give the opportunity to some

      12      of our drug task-force members for any concluding

      13      thoughts, if you want to chime in.

      14             RICHARD NEPHEW:  I'd also like to thank

      15      everyone for coming today.

      16             Our issues are the same, our struggles are

      17      the same.

      18             We're trying hard to deal with what we can

      19      get our hands around here within the Seneca Nation.

      20             We're doing a lot of good things.

      21             This beautiful building we're meeting in

      22      today is part of our response to provide our people,

      23      young and old, an alternative, a healthy

      24      alternative, a place to go, for recreation, sports,

      25      activities.







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       1             We also have another program called "Food Is

       2      Our Medicine," to bring back to -- a message to our

       3      people to eat healthy.

       4             We can provide these things, but they do no

       5      good if no one comes.

       6             The food does no good if nobody eats them.

       7             Our young people need to know that they have

       8      very much control over their lives and to make good

       9      decisions.

      10             Life is about choices and decisions.

      11             And that's part of the challenge that

      12      I believe we have here at the Seneca Nation, is to

      13      teach our children the difference.

      14             And it's a challenge.

      15             We can't make our kids come here.

      16             We can provide an opportunity.

      17             We can't make them change their diet.

      18             We can provide them the opportunity to learn

      19      about it.

      20             It's never going to end, because we're --

      21      I've done a lot of thinking about this over the

      22      years that we've struggled with this here.

      23             And we're dealing with human nature: the

      24      human nature to seek pleasure, and to avoid pain.

      25             And that's what these substances do for many







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       1      people.

       2             So there needs to be, again, healthier

       3      choices, different choices, than what we're used to.

       4             And it's a change of culture, and that's what

       5      I was going to -- a change in our society;

       6      Seneca society and American society, it's really

       7      going to make a difference.

       8             This issue is never going to end, but good

       9      people need to stand up and take up that issue.

      10             And I'm glad to see so many good people show

      11      up here today and join us in talking about it.

      12             So, thank you.

      13                  [Applause.]

      14             JEFFREY GILL:  Just as a very short follow-up

      15      for everybody that traveled to come here today:

      16             First of all, some of you have heard

      17      "gononia" [ph.] for the first time, as Travis spoke

      18      to us earlier.

      19             And the same thing goes along with your trip

      20      home, is that, you know, your travel is safe.

      21             For those of you who visited the territory

      22      for the first time, you know, we appreciate you

      23      coming and walking through.

      24             There's no barriers at the territory line.

      25      There are no barriers at the county line, the







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       1      village line, the township, the state.

       2             As we heard from the DA, heroin travels up

       3      the 90 from New York City, coming from out of the

       4      country.

       5             It doesn't stop.  There's nothing there to

       6      stop it, other than a community coming together.

       7             And when we reference "community," that's

       8      everybody sitting at this table and everybody that's

       9      willing to listen to what was said today.

      10             If you look at it, and you look around, and

      11      you see somebody that you haven't seen or you met

      12      for the first time, take the time to shake their

      13      hand today, and you say to yourself:  When will we

      14      see one another again?

      15             Well, this has come all the way across the

      16      state.  We're the last one to come together as a

      17      forum, but not last one to meet, or meet one

      18      another.

      19             Until we see one another again, that's our

      20      phrase:  Not goodbye, but we will see one another

      21      again.

      22             Thank you.

      23             SENATOR YOUNG:  [Applause.]

      24             DARLENE MILLER:  Councilor Gill is correct,

      25      of our paths will cross again.







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       1             And I think today, what I -- the message

       2      I hear is, keep the message healthy.

       3             And, yes, we have a lot of community members

       4      and resources available, but it's our communities

       5      who have to take ownership.  We're not in this

       6      alone.

       7             And it feels good to have everyone here today

       8      who's concerned, and we all share.

       9             There are no borders.  There are -- every --

      10      drugs doesn't care who it is.

      11             So, we're all in a same canoe this time,

      12      paddling together.  And we can do this.  And we have

      13      to keep each other strong.  We have to lift each

      14      other up.

      15             And even though our backpack feels heavy

      16      today, and it does right now, but seeing all of your

      17      faces and knowing all of you who care.

      18             The young man said, Show somebody you care.

      19             That's the message.

      20             That's a message; take it back to the

      21      community, to the families.

      22             We went to a -- recently, we had a conference

      23      on how to make a healthy nation, and we learned

      24      about the jellybean-method approach.

      25             And we're all jellybeans.  We're all







                                                                   147
       1      connected.  We should all be able to recognize who

       2      to go to, when to go to, and use the resources.

       3             So I applaud everyone here, and I commend

       4      everyone who stayed to listen.

       5             And [speaking native language] this week.

       6             Thank you for coming.

       7                  [Applause.]

       8             ARLENE BOVA:  I just want to say [speaking

       9      native language] to everyone.

      10             And, I feel a lot of passion in this room.

      11             And as we've all spoke, share that.

      12             To be able to communicate, you must listen,

      13      and you must speak.

      14             Our Seneca word for "seeing you again" is

      15      "esgogeae" [ph.].

      16             SENATOR YOUNG:  And, finally,

      17      County Executive Vince Horrigan would like to say

      18      just a couple of things.

      19             VINCE HORRIGAN:  Thank you very much.

      20             It is very encouraging to see everyone here,

      21      and I thank everybody here for the leadership.

      22             In Chautauqua County, we're on a mission.

      23             And the substance-abuse problem, the heroin

      24      problem, is a premier problem in Chautauqua County.

      25             And that's why, as County Executive, I've







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       1      taken on kind of a 5-part task.

       2             One is, our media, the message; not only from

       3      the media, but the message to the kids.

       4             I think we need to be open to the kids in the

       5      high schools, and find out what messages are going

       6      to work.

       7             Number two is, education and prevention.

       8             I think we need to look at additional ways,

       9      in addition to what we're doing, to refresh that

      10      message and make it relevant to our communities

      11      today where we have so many single parents and we

      12      have challenges in our community.

      13             Number three is, our court system, our

      14      probation, and our law enforcement.

      15             Those three areas critically play across the

      16      lines in this, and we need to have a specific focus

      17      on those areas.

      18             The fourth, of course, is the treatment, the

      19      access to treatment.

      20             And, finally, advocacy.

      21             And if your county executive or your

      22      leadership is not fully engaged, get them fully

      23      engaged.  And I think that is where we make the

      24      difference.

      25             When you, as ordinary citizens, raise your







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       1      voices and say:  Enough!  We need to get this

       2      problem under control.  And we're mad as hell, and

       3      we're not going to take it anymore.

       4             I encourage that.

       5             Thank you.

       6                  [Applause.]

       7             SENATOR YOUNG:  Thank you.

       8             Thank you, everyone, for being here today.

       9

      10                  (Whereupon, at approximately 3:42 p.m.,

      11        the forum held before the New York State Joint

      12        Task Force on Heroin and Opioid Addiction

      13        concluded, and adjourned.)

      14                            ---oOo---

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