Senate Passes Package of Bills to Fight the Financial Exploitation of Senior Citizens

The New York State Senate has passed a package of eight bills to prevent criminals from using financial schemes to prey upon senior citizens. The measures were recommended in a report released by the Senate Majority Coalition in May that examined this growing issue that affects thousands of senior New Yorkers each year.

The type of elder abuse relating to financial exploitation involves the illegal taking, misuse, or concealment of funds, property, or assets of a senior for someone else's benefit. It can result in the significant monetary loss for the victim, and in some cases, a person’s entire life savings. Financial exploitation can range from the theft of cash, to much more elaborate schemes. 

Unfortunately, these incidents often times go unreported due to the startling fact that the abuser is someone that the victim either trusts, is a caregiver, or more often than not, is a family relative. Moreover, the rate of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias that undermine judgment increases with age, thus leaving seniors more vulnerable.

The Senate Majority Coalition, led on this issue by Senator Patrick Gallivan (R-C-I, Elma) and Senator David Valesky (D, Oneida), worked to develop a report examining the growing trend of elder abuse and issued eight legislative proposals. The bills help prevent deceptive financial transactions from taking place, update the collection of data methods to track abuse statewide, and amend existing law to stiffen penalties to deter criminal acts from occurring in the first place.

Senator Gallivan, Chairman of the Senate Crime Victims, Crime and Corrections Committee, said, “As our senior population grows, unfortunately so does the number of cases of elder abuse.  We have a responsibility to do everything we can to guard against these despicable acts, whether physical, psychological or financial.  This legislation makes sure those who abuse and exploit our senior citizens do not go unpunished.” 

Senator Valesky, Chairman of the Senate Aging Committee, said, “We are seeing increasing incidences of elder abuse, and we must do all we can to stop this disturbing trend. These bills will establish new protections for our elderly citizens and give law enforcement officials additional tools to pursue and prosecute those who would take advantage of and harm adults who are unable to protect themselves.”

Senator Mike Nozzolio (R-C, Fayette) said, “Nothing is more important than ensuring the safety and well-being of New York’s senior citizens. The adoption of these important legislative measures is a good step to combating the growing problem of elder abuse, while making sure crime victims get the help they need physically, emotionally and financially.” 

The bills passed today to address the financial exploitation of seniors include:

· Bill S6221, sponsored by Senator Valesky: authorizes banks to refuse a transaction if the banking institution, social services official, or law enforcement agency reasonably believes that financial exploitation of a vulnerable adult has occurred or may occur.

· Bill S7177, sponsored by Senator Gallivan: seeks to establish that an alleged abuser may not use the defense of obtained consent to take, withhold, or obtain property, where such consent was obtained from a person who the accused knew or had reason to know was mentally disabled. This measure would help a mentally-infirm elderly victim by establishing in law that they cannot give meaningful consent, such as when an abuser on trial claims the assets taken from the victim were a gift.

· Bill S7179, sponsored by Senator Valesky: allows prosecutors to obtain medical records of mentally impaired victims of financial exploitation, without requiring a waiver from those very victims. Although victims in other types of cases routinely waive their privilege so that prosecutors can obtain crucial medical records, mentally impaired victims cannot consent to waiving their medical privilege any more than they can consent to having their property taken.  

· Bill S2323A, sponsored by Senator Jeff Klein (D, Bronx): requires the Office of Children and Family Services (OCFS) to define, identify and collect data related to the incidence of elder abuse possessed by state and local agencies. It also mandates OCFS to establish an inter-agency reporting system that contains a uniform set of standards to collect and analyze information on the incidence of elder abuse.

· Bill S7187, sponsored by Senator Nozzolio: amends the penal law to explicitly state that in a prosecution for larceny by false promise, partial performance does not, by itself, prevent a reasonable jury from making such finding from all the facts and circumstances. As an illustration, this would apply to a case where a dishonest contractor demands full, up-front payment for services, starts the project, but never completes the promised work.

· Bill S2951, sponsored by Senator Valesky: expands the definition of “caregiver” under the penal law to include a person who voluntarily, or otherwise by operation of law, (such as an appointed guardian or power of attorney) assumes responsibility of an elderly person so that they would be tried under the “endangering the welfare of a vulnerable elderly person” law.

On Tuesday, June 10, the Senate gave final legislative passage to:

· Bill S7188, sponsored by Senator Nozzolio: would allow a caregiver to accompany a vulnerable elderly person who is testifying in front of a grand jury. The caregiver may only fulfill their function with the consent of the prosecutor.

On Tuesday, June 10, the Senate also passed:

· Bill S7178, sponsored by Senator Gallivan: allows the prosecution and defense attorneys to preserve the testimony of witnesses who are age 75 or older. This would help prevent elder abuse offenders from trying to "game the system" by delaying a trial in the hope that an older witness will succumb to conditions associated with advanced age or pass away before trial.

The bills will be sent to the Assembly, except for S7188, which has previously passed the Assembly and will be sent to the Governor for consideration.