Regular Session - May 25, 1995

                                                                 
6783

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         8                       ALBANY, NEW YORK

         9                        May 25, 1995

        10                          10:00 a.m.

        11

        12

        13                       REGULAR SESSION

        14

        15

        16

        17       SENATOR JOHN R. KUHL, JR., Acting President

        18       STEPHEN F. SLOAN, Secretary

        19

        20

        21

        22

        23











                                                             
6784

         1                      P R O C E E D I N G S

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         3       Senate will come to order.  Members please find

         4       their places, the staff their places.  Ask the

         5       members in the chamber to rise with me and say

         6       the Pledge of Allegiance.

         7                      (The assemblage repeated the

         8       Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.)

         9                      In the absence of clergy, may we

        10       bow our heads in a moment of silence.

        11                      (A moment of silence was

        12       observed.)

        13                      Reading of the Journal.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:   In Senate,

        15       Wednesday, May 24th.  The Senate met pursuant to

        16       adjournment, Senator Kuhl in the Chair upon

        17       designation of the Temporary President.  The

        18       prayer by the Rabbi Cecil Walkenfeld, Spiritual

        19       Leader of the Clearview Jewish Center,

        20       Whitestone, New York.  The Journal of Tuesday,

        21       May 23rd, was read and approved.  On motion, the

        22       Senate adjourned.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Hearing











                                                             
6785

         1       no objection, the Journal stands approved as

         2       read.

         3                      Presentation of petitions.

         4                      Messages from the Assembly.

         5                      Messages from the Governor.

         6                      Reports of standing committees.

         7                      Reports of select committees.

         8                      Communications and reports from

         9       state officers.

        10                      Motions and resolutions.

        11                      Senator Farley.

        12                      SENATOR FARLEY:  Thank you, Mr.

        13       President.

        14                      On behalf of Senator Levy, on

        15       page 24, I offer the following amendments to his

        16       bill, Calendar Number 728, Senate Print 973-A,

        17       and I ask that that bill retain its place on the

        18       Third Reading Calendar.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        20       amendments are received and adopted.  The bill

        21       will retain its place on the Third Reading

        22       Calendar.

        23                      Senator Bruno, we have a couple











                                                             
6786

         1       of substitutions.  Would you like to take

         2       those?  The Secretary will read.

         3                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Take the

         4       substitutions, please.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         6       Secretary will read.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:   On page 30,

         8       Senator Volker moves to discharge from the

         9       Committee on Rules, Assembly Print 6592 and

        10       substitute it for the identical Third Reading

        11       807.

        12                      On page 47, Senator Cook moves to

        13       discharge from the Committee on Local

        14       Government, Assembly Print 3421, and substitute

        15       it for the identical Calendar Number 1025.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        17       substitutions are ordered.

        18                      Senator Bruno.

        19                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Mr. President,

        20       can we ask for an immediate meeting of Rules in

        21       Room 332?

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  At

        23       Senator Bruno's direction, there will be an











                                                             
6787

         1       immediate meeting of the Rules Committee in the

         2       Majority Conference Room, Room 332, an immediate

         3       meeting of the Rules Committee.

         4                      Senator Bruno, that brings us to

         5       the non-controversial calendar.  What's your

         6       pleasure?

         7                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Mr. President,

         8       can we at this time take up the non

         9       controversial calendar?

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        11       Secretary will read the non-controversial

        12       calendar.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:   On page 4,

        14       Calendar Number 79, by Senator Levy, Senate

        15       Print 384-D, an act to amend the Vehicle and

        16       Traffic Law, in relation to requiring school bus

        17       and other motor vehicle drivers involved in

        18       personal injury accidents involving school buses

        19       to submit to a breath test.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        21       Secretary will read the last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:   Section 2.  This

        23       act shall take effect on the first day of











                                                             
6788

         1       September.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 35.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

         9       254, by Senator Levy, Senate Print 1411, an act

        10       to amend the Public Service Law, in relation to

        11       utility rates.

        12                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Lay it aside at

        13       the request of the sponsor.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay it

        15       aside for the day.

        16                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Calendar Number

        17       475, by Senator Cook, Senate Print 4140-A, an

        18       act to amend the Education Law, in relation to

        19       establishing a suspension period for students

        20       determined to have brought a weapon to school.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        22       Secretary will read the last section.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 4.  This











                                                             
6789

         1       act shall take effect immediately.

         2                      ACTION PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         3       roll.

         4                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         5                      THE SECRETARY:   Ayes 35.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         7       is passed.

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         9       589, by Senator Levy, Senate Print 327, an act

        10       to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

        11       relation to requiring suspension and revocation

        12       of a driver's license.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        14       Secretary will read the last section.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        16       act shall take effect on the first day of

        17       November.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        19       roll.

        20                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Announce

        22       the results when tabulated.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 34, nays 1,











                                                             
6790

         1       Senator Kuhl recorded in the negative.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         3       is passed.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         5       606, by Senator Leibell, Senate Print 3681-A, an

         6       act to amend the Private Housing Finance Law, in

         7       relation to the definition of a limited profit

         8       mutual company.

         9                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Lay it aside,

        10       please, Mr. President.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        12       bill aside at the request of the Acting Minority

        13       Leader.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       683, by Senator Spano, Senate Print 1044, an act

        16       to amend the Civil Service Law, in relation to

        17       hearing officers for disciplinary hearings.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        19       Secretary will read the last section.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        21       act shall take effect on the first day of

        22       January.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the











                                                             
6791

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         3                      THE SECRETARY:   Ayes 38.

         4                      ACTINGT PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       700, by Senator Stafford, Senate Print 1261-B,

         8       an act -

         9                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Lay it aside.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        11       bill aside.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       845, by Senator DeFrancisco, Senate Print 1146,

        14       an act to amend the Vehicle and Traffic Law, in

        15       relation to license plates of rental vehicles.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        17       Secretary will read the last section.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        19       act shall take effect on the 180th day.

        20                      ACTION PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        21       roll.

        22                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 38.











                                                             
6792

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         2       is passed.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         4       884, by Senator Padavan, Senate Print 3091, an

         5       act to amend the Executive Law, in relation to

         6       cooperation between police agencies and the

         7       United States Immigration and Naturalization

         8       Service.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        10       Secretary will read the last section.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        12       act shall take effect on the 30th day.

        13                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Lay the bill

        14       aside.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        16       bill aside at the request of the Acting Minority

        17       Leader.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        19       914, by Senator Bruno, Senate Print 1860, an act

        20       to amend the Tax Law, in relation to the

        21       inspection of tax records.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        23       Secretary will read the last section.











                                                             
6793

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         2       act shall take effect immediately.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         4       roll.

         5                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         8       is passed.

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        10       1014, by Senator Holland, Senate Print 68, an

        11       act to -

        12                      SENATOR PATTERSON:  Lay it aside.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        14       bill aside at the request of Senator Paterson.

        15                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        16       1015, by Senator Cook, Senate Print 259, an act

        17       to amend the Real Property Tax Law, in relation

        18       to certain state lands subject to taxation in

        19       Sullivan County.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        21       Secretary will read the last section.

        22                      THE SECRETARY: Section 2.  This

        23       act shall take effect immediately.











                                                             
6794

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         2       roll.

         3                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         6       is passed.

         7                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         8       1016, by Senator Cook, Senate Print 293, an act

         9       to amend the County Law, in relation to review

        10       and approval of names for rights-of-way.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        12       Secretary will read the last section.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        14       act shall take effect on the first day of

        15       January.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        21       is passed.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       1018, by Senator Padavan, Senate Print 670, an











                                                             
6795

         1       act to amend the Penal Law -

         2                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Lay it aside.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

         4       bill aside at the request of Senator Paterson.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         6       1019, by Senator Sears, Senate Print 1177, an

         7       act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law and the

         8       Education Law, in relation to the appointment of

         9       security officers with peace officer status.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        11       Secretary will read the last section.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 3.  This

        13       act shall take effect immediately.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        15       roll.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        19       is passed.

        20                      THE SECRETARY: Calendar Number

        21       1020, by Senator Farley, Senate Print 1378, an

        22       act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

        23       restitution and reparation.











                                                             
6796

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         2       Secretary will read the last section.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         4       act shall take effect on the first day of

         5       November.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         7       roll.

         8                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         9                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        11       is passed.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       1021, by Senator Sears, Senate Print 1396-A, an

        14       act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

        15       authorizing counties to impose and collect a

        16       drug penalty and mandatory surcharge.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        18       Secretary will read the last section.

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        20       act shall take effect on the first day of

        21       November.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        23       roll.











                                                             
6797

         1                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         4       is passed.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         6       1022, by Senator DeFrancisco, Senate Print 1967,

         7       an act to amend the Criminal Procedure Law, in

         8       relation to the collection of court imposed

         9       financial obligations.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        11       Secretary will read the last section.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        13       act shall take effect immediately.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        15       roll.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        17                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        19       is passed.

        20                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        21       1023, by Senator Hoblock, Senate Print 2352, an

        22       act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

        23       increasing the penalties for sale of controlled











                                                             
6798

         1       substances.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         3       Secretary will read the last section.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 6.  This

         5       act shall take effect on the first day of

         6       November.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         8       roll.

         9                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        10                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        12       is passed.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        14       1024, by Senator Hoblock, Senate Print -

        15                      SENATOR HOBLOCK:  Lay it aside.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        17       bill aside.

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        19       1025, by Member of the Assembly Pordum,

        20       substituted earlier today, Assembly Print 3421,

        21       an act to amend the General Municipal Law, in

        22       relation to authorizing the New York Planning

        23       Federation to make purchases.











                                                             
6799

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         2       Secretary will read the last section.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         4       act shall take effect immediately.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         6       roll.

         7                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         8                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        10       is passed.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       1026, by Senator Larkin, Senate Print 3065 -

        13                      SENATOR LARKIN:  Lay it aside for

        14       the day.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay the

        16       bill aside for the day at the request of the

        17       sponsor.

        18                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Also, Calendar

        19       Number 1018, please, for the day.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay aside

        21       Calendar Number 1018 at the request of the

        22       Majority Leader, for the day.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number











                                                             
6800

         1       1027, by Senator Sears, Senate Print 3331, an

         2       act in relation to authorizing the town of Lee,

         3       county of Oneida, to release certain parklands.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Lay it

         5       aside for the day.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       1028, by Senator LaValle, Senate Print 3737, an

         8       act to amend the Town Law, in relation to

         9       screening facilities in the town of Southampton

        10       in the county of Suffolk.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  There's a

        12       home rule message at the desk.  The Secretary

        13       will read the last section.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        15       act shall take effect immediately.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        17       roll.

        18                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        19                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 40.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        21       is passed.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       1029, by Senator Hoblock, Senate Print 3867-A,











                                                             
6801

         1       an act to amend the General Municipal Law, in

         2       relation to allowing for the use of fire

         3       training centers.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

         5       Secretary will read the last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 43.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        15       1030, by Senator Cook, Senate Print 3960, an act

        16       in relation to authorizing the dissolution of

        17       the Fallsburg Park District.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  There's a

        19       home rule message at the desk.  The Secretary

        20       will read the last section.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        22       act shall take effect immediately.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the











                                                             
6802

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 42.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         5       is passed.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

         7       1031, by Senator Maziarz, Senate Print 4169, an

         8       act to amend the Town Law, in relation to

         9       residency of the court clerk of the town of

        10       Hamlin, Monroe County.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        12       Secretary will read the last section.

        13                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

        14       act shall take effect immediately.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

        16       roll.

        17                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 44.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        20       is passed.

        21                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        22       1032, by Senator Stafford, Senate Print 4217, an

        23       act authorizing the town of Dannemora, Clinton











                                                             
6803

         1       County, to discontinue use as parklands certain

         2       lands.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  There's a

         4       home rule message at the desk.  The Secretary

         5       will read the last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 3.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         9       roll.

        10                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 44.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        13       is passed.

        14                      Senator Bruno, that completes the

        15       non-controversial calendar.  What's your

        16       pleasure, sir?

        17                      SENATOR BRUNO:  Mr. President,

        18       can we at this time take up the controversial

        19       calendar?

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        21       Secretary will read the controversial calendar

        22       beginning with Calendar Number 606.

        23                      THE SECRETARY:  On page 18,











                                                             
6804

         1       Calendar Number 606, by Senator Leibell, Senate

         2       Print 3681-A, an act to amend the Private

         3       Housing Finance Law, in relation to the

         4       definition of a limited profit mutual company.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         6       Hoblock, why do you rise?

         7                      SENATOR HOBLOCK:  Mr. President,

         8       I would like to request that Calendar Number

         9       1023, my bill, Senate Bill 2352, be laid aside

        10       for the day.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  1023,

        12       Senator Hoblock, previously passed the house.

        13       Do you want to reconsider the vote by which the

        14       bill passed?

        15                      SENATOR HOBLOCK:  I'm sorry.  Oh,

        16       I'm sorry, Mr. President.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  You want

        18       Calendar Number 1024 laid aside for the day?

        19                      (Senator Hoblock nods head.)

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  We'll do

        21       that at your request, Senator Hoblock.

        22                      The Secretary has called the

        23       title to Calendar Number 606, by Senator











                                                             
6805

         1       Leibell.

         2                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Explanation,

         3       please.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         5       Paterson has requested an explanation, Senator

         6       Leibell, of Calendar Number 606.

         7                      SENATOR LEIBELL:  Yes, Mr.

         8       President.  What this does is a -- is a -

         9       current law is under subdivision 2(b) of Section

        10       12 of the Private Housing Finance Law.  That

        11       provides for a mutual -- where there's a mutual

        12       company, such a mutual as a Mitchell-Lama,

        13       there's a requirement when there's going to be a

        14       conversion that at least 80 percent of them, of

        15       the tenants, agree to that conversion.  The

        16       provisions here will change that cap from 80

        17       percent to 50 percent of the residents who would

        18       like to own shares in the mutual company.

        19                      The purpose of this bill is to

        20       encourage the conversion of the existing

        21       Mitchell-Lama rental developments to cooperative

        22       ownership.  We have found that in implementing

        23       that public policy, the 80 percent cap is just











                                                             
6806

         1       too high, that the 50 percent cap is more

         2       reasonable.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The Chair

         4       recognizes Senator Paterson.

         5                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President,

         6       I have an amendment that has been served.  I

         7       would waive its reading if you would inform me

         8       as to whether or not it has been received.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        10       Paterson, there is -- your amendment is at the

        11       desk.  We'll waive the reading of that and you

        12       are now afforded the opportunity to explain it.

        13                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Actually, Mr.

        14       President, first I want to thank Senator Leibell

        15       for putting this bill over a couple of times to

        16       accommodate those of us in the Minority.  We

        17       wanted to bring this amendment to ensure that

        18       those individuals who do not purchase are still

        19       protected from eviction or other circumstances.

        20                      So, in other words, we're just

        21       asking for a non-eviction of those individuals

        22       who do not purchase and are part of the new

        23       threshold, which is 50 percent as opposed to 80











                                                             
6807

         1       percent, where Section 12.2(b) is going to be,

         2       in a sense, altered by Senator Leibell, and we

         3       have no objection to that.  We just want to make

         4       sure that those remaining tenants are allowed to

         5       stay, and the Commissioner of the Department of

         6       Housing and Community Renewal will promulgate

         7       these resolutions -- I mean, these regulations,

         8       but we're not totally sure whether or not it

         9       really covers those individuals, and that's why

        10       we submit the amendment.

        11                      I know I've lost 16 in a row, Mr.

        12       President, but it's a new day.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        14       Leibell.

        15                      SENATOR LEIBELL:  If I may

        16       just -

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        18       Leibell on the amendment.

        19                      SENATOR LEIBELL:  If I might just

        20       respond briefly to Senator Paterson, and -- and

        21       I -- I find I've had more success myself in -

        22       in this chamber than I have in the other house,

        23       but I would note, Senator Paterson, that we











                                                             
6808

         1       share your concern in terms of those people who

         2       are renters and would choose not to participate

         3       in the ownership.

         4                      We feel, however -- and this

         5       question was brought to us by your staff the

         6       other day -- that this amendment is unnecessary

         7       because the renters who are protected now with

         8       the 80 percent cap will have the same protection

         9       that will be under the new cap of 50 percent.

        10       In other words, there will be no change in

        11       protection because we're lowering the cap.  The

        12       renters who choose not to participate would be

        13       just as protected as they would with the 80

        14       percent cap, which is the current law, and for

        15       that reason I would suggest that there's no need

        16       for this amendment.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        18       question is on the amendment.  All those in

        19       favor of the amendment signify by saying aye.

        20                      (Response of "Aye".)

        21                      All those opposed, signify by

        22       saying no.

        23                      (Response of "No".)











                                                             
6809

         1                      Another tough one to determine,

         2       but I think the noes have it.  A very, very

         3       close vote.  The amendment is defeated.

         4                      Sorry, Senator Paterson.  You'll

         5       have to continue.  You got what, 21 left now?

         6                      Continuing on the bill.  The

         7       Secretary will read the last section.

         8                      Senator Mendez on the bill.

         9                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  If Senator

        10       Leibell will yield for a question.

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        12       Leibell, do you yield to Senator Mendez?  The

        13       Senator yields.

        14                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  It is my

        15       understanding that today we have statutes that I

        16        -- whenever there is a rental building that

        17       wants to go into a co-op or a condominium, that

        18       we have now non-eviction plans.  If that's the

        19       case, will that also -- also apply to

        20       Mitchell-Lamas?

        21                      SENATOR LEIBELL:  I'm not exactly

        22       sure which plans you're referring to, but under

        23       the current law with Mitchell-Lama and under the











                                                             
6810

         1       bill we have in front of us here, those tenants

         2       who would not participate would be protected.

         3       They would receive the exact same protections

         4       under this change in the cap, from 80 percent to

         5       50 percent, as they had received previously.

         6                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  I was wondering

         7       about the protection that some tenants had

         8       whenever a private building is going to be made

         9        -- whenever a private building is going to be

        10       converted into a condo or a co-op, there is

        11       protection in the law for non-eviction.  Would

        12       that apply -- because that law is there.  Would

        13       it apply in the conversion process of the

        14       Mitchell-Lama?

        15                      SENATOR LEIBELL:  That's my

        16       understanding.

        17                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Oh, I see.

        18                      Thank you.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        20       Secretary will read the last section.

        21                      THE SECRETARY: Section 2.  This

        22       act shall take effect immediately.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the











                                                             
6811

         1       roll.

         2                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Announce

         4       the results when tabulated.

         5                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 50, nays 5,

         6       Senators Abate, Kruger, Mendez, Paterson and

         7       Smith recorded in the negative.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

         9       is passed.

        10                      The Secretary will continue to

        11       call the controversial calendar.

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        13       700, by Senator Stafford, Senate Print 1261-B,

        14       an act to amend the Insurance Law and the

        15       General Obligations Law, in relation to limiting

        16       liability for property owners.

        17                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Explanation.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        19       Stafford, an explanation has been asked for of

        20       Calendar Number 700, by Senator Paterson.

        21                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Thank you, Mr.

        22       President.

        23                      I would add -- or not add.  I











                                                             
6812

         1       would say first that this is not really plowing

         2       new turf.  We now have this available for many

         3       purposes.  And what do we have available?

         4                      For owners of land who voluntar

         5       ily agree to permit public recreational use of

         6       their land and water, there is limited liabil

         7       ity.  This simply says for any recreational

         8       use.

         9                      Now, for those of you who get

        10       into the country, and I know all of you do, some

        11       live there, and those who live there, many let

        12       people come onto their land for recreational

        13       use.  Your speaker is one of them.  We think it

        14       makes sense to give them this limited

        15       liability.

        16                      Mind you, people are coming onto

        17       private land.  They can post it but no one goes

        18       on, and I will say that posting is becoming more

        19       prevalent and when this happens, the average

        20       person -- excuse me -- the public is not able to

        21       have the advantage of this land for hunting, for

        22       many -

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator











                                                             
6813

         1       Paterson.

         2                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President,

         3       I rise hopeful that Senator Stafford will yield

         4       for a question.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         6       Stafford, do you yield for a question from

         7       Senator Paterson?  The Senator yields.

         8                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Senator, I was

         9       thinking about a scenario where there might be a

        10       bridge that the landowner constructed over a

        11       pond, and over a period of time the bridge falls

        12       into disrepair and then some individual who is

        13       visiting on property goes across the bridge, the

        14       bridge breaks and the person is injured.

        15                      You don't think that there's

        16       limited liability there that, in a sense, could

        17       inure to the detriment of the individual who's

        18       on the property, even though the property is

        19       owned by the individual that constructed the

        20       bridge?

        21                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Anything that

        22       would be covered under common law of negligence

        23        -- if -- that, of course, goes to the heart of











                                                             
6814

         1       the question.  Part of the issue, Senator

         2       Paterson, always is if it is something that the

         3       landlord or the owner should know about and it

         4       is -- could cause harm, it is covered under the

         5       common law of negligence.

         6                      ACTION PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         7       Paterson.

         8                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President,

         9       if Senator Stafford would yield, and I would

        10       move into a different area.

        11                      ACTION PRESIDENT KUHL:  The

        12       Senator continues to yield.

        13                      SENATOR PATERSON:  I'm moving to

        14       a different area on the private property.  In a

        15       situation where there is a lessee, who is

        16       covered between the lessee and the owner should

        17       an action be taken by some visitor?  What is the

        18       relationship between the lessee and the owner in

        19       terms of the protection that this legislation

        20       provides?

        21                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  This, of

        22       course, is something that is considered every

        23       day because, as many of you may know or not know











                                                             
6815

         1        -- and it's always good in these debates that

         2       we keep people informed -- these vast acres of

         3       land that are owned by mostly corporations, but

         4       some individuals, they have what they call

         5       hunting and fishing clubs, and they pay the

         6       taxes.  That's what that -- but when a club has

         7       it, it is then posted, so then the public cannot

         8       go in and have the advantage that people have

         9       here.

        10                      I would say this, that people who

        11       go into these lands, in the wilderness or not in

        12       the wilderness, you have to make sure yourself

        13       that the situation is safe.  Now, I would

        14       suggest -- and I'm not by any means trying to be

        15       anything other than very open -- anyone who goes

        16       across a logging bridge in the woods and they

        17       don't know whether it's safe or not, they better

        18       not go across it.  I never do.  They'll go down

        19       toward the river as the people did who went west

        20       80 -- more than that -- many years ago.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        22       Paterson.

        23                      SENATOR PATERSON:  But, Senator,











                                                             
6816

         1       it's -- things are not always as they seem.

         2       That's how I would answer that.  In other words,

         3       I assume that people who understand the woods

         4       would attempt to do that, but I don't know that

         5       it's always successful.

         6                      I just have one last question.

         7       The answers have been quite informative, and the

         8       question relates to the duty -- comparing the

         9       duties of the individual to post the sign as

        10       opposed to the duty of the individual that

        11       openly invites someone onto the property.  It

        12       seems to me that a person who openly invites

        13       someone onto the property has a lesser duty than

        14       the individual who posts the sign, is that

        15       correct?

        16                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Well, this is

        17        -- this is true.  Again, this gets back -

        18       again, your questions are very well taken and I

        19       understand exactly what you mean, but I have to

        20       emphasize, what we're doing here is we're trying

        21       to keep more land open.

        22                      Now, I would suggest that there

        23       are organizations supporting this, the memo.  I











                                                             
6817

         1       will not go into it but, you know, when it comes

         2       to knowing -- hiking in the wilderness, going up

         3       on one of the lakes, ponds, unless people are

         4       experienced and unless they have been there and

         5       unless they understand exactly what they're

         6       doing, there's actually nothing more dangerous,

         7       and I think everyone has to understand -- you

         8       asked about the lessee and the lessor.  It

         9       depends on the lease, but I will tell you from

        10       one who has leased over 4,000 acres for the past

        11       30 years -- I can't believe it's 30 years -- the

        12       landowner is the one who's responsible, no

        13       matter how you look at it.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        15       Paterson.

        16                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President,

        17       on the bill.

        18                      ACTION PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        19       Paterson, on the bill.

        20                      SENATOR PATERSON:  That's good

        21       advice that Senator Stafford has -- has allowed

        22       us to hear, and I'm glad to see that he's still

        23       open to negotiation from the questions that I











                                                             
6818

         1       asked.

         2                      It's clear that some of us feel

         3       that the bill needs to be reworked a little bit,

         4       but it is in negotiation and we're comfortable

         5       that Senator Stafford will be -- will be willing

         6       to review some of those procedures.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         8       Dollinger.

         9                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        10       President, will Senator Stafford yield to a

        11       question?

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        13       Stafford, do you yield to Senator Dollinger?

        14       The Senator yields.

        15                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Senator, you

        16       used the example about the bridge on the private

        17       property and you pointed out that no one should

        18       use the bridge; they should ford the stream.  My

        19       question is -- and I just read this bill at

        20       length for the first time and I'm troubled by

        21       part of it, but if you have a bridge on your

        22       property and the bridge is there as an

        23       invitation for someone to walk across it, does











                                                             
6819

         1       the landowner have no liability to inform the

         2       potential invited guest that the planks in the

         3       middle of the bridge are 250 years old and are

         4       maybe well rotted and may fall apart if they're

         5       subject to human weight?

         6                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  I would

         7       suggest that someone on Braniff Parks -- the

         8       owners who are supporting this from Rochester,

         9       they're -- well, you know, it doesn't make any

        10        -- you know, that's the same area.  Again, I

        11       have to emphasize, I'm not saying anyone even is

        12       inviting people to come.  Some people are still

        13       generous enough, frankly, to let people come on

        14       their land.  I shared with you that if anyone

        15       crosses a bridge, no matter how many times they

        16       have been in the woods, and they don't know

        17       exactly whether it's safe, hasn't been proven to

        18       them, they better not cross it.  They're just -

        19       they're just there because they'd like to go on;

        20       they're not necessarily invited.

        21                      Now, if we want to have more

        22       posting of land, I suppose we can -- we can do

        23       that.  I suggest that that's a step in the wrong











                                                             
6820

         1       direction but, you know, in this country -- in

         2       this country, you know, people have the right to

         3       own land and they have a right to say that other

         4       people will not come on their property, and when

         5       these people are allowing -- not inviting, but

         6       allowing; you don't see any invitations -- but

         7       allowing people to go on the property, then I

         8       think this comes right into these -- the list of

         9       exceptions we have, and do you know the -- do

        10       you know what -- what they are when you go on

        11       property and you -- the landlord has limited

        12       liability?

        13                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  I'm generally

        14       familiar with them under the common law and

        15       under this section of the law.  If you'd like to

        16       provide me with further edification, I would

        17       appreciate it.

        18                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Hunting,

        19       fishing, organized gleaning, as defined in

        20       Section 72 -- 71(y) of the Agriculture and

        21       Markets Law, canoeing, boating, tracking,

        22       hiking, cross-country skiing, tobogganing,

        23       sledding -- now here's one, speleological











                                                             
6821

         1       activities, horseback riding, bicycle riding -

         2       it says "hang gliding".  They missed there; it

         3       should be h-a-n-d, hand gliding -- motorized

         4       vehicle operation for recreational purposes,

         5       snowmobile operation, cutting or gathering of

         6       wood for non-commercial purposes, training of

         7       dogs, and we're just saying "or for other

         8       recreational uses".

         9                      So, as I said earlier, we're not

        10       really plowing any new turf here.

        11                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  That's the

        12       section of the law -- again through you, Mr.

        13       President, if Senator Stafford will continue to

        14       yield.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        16       Stafford, do you continue to yield?  The Senator

        17       continues to yield.

        18                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  That's the

        19       section of the law that says if they come on

        20       your land without permission, he has no

        21       liability for the following -- for all those

        22       activities, but Section (b), which says "an

        23       owner who gives permission to another does not











                                                             
6822

         1       thereby extend any assurance that the premises

         2       are safe," and it used to say -- or at least

         3       under the current law it says "constitute the

         4       person to whom is granted an -- is granted an

         5       invitee to whom a duty of care is owed."

         6                      We -- your bill would change that

         7       to say, in essence, that if you are given

         8       permission to come on the land, there is no

         9       liability of the landowner to the invited guest

        10       on the property, none.

        11                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Well, Mr.

        12       President, I think we've -- we've pointed this

        13       out.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        15       Stafford.

        16                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  For the people

        17       to have the advantage of open space, we are

        18       saying that there will be limited liability

        19       other than common law of negligence.  I think it

        20       makes a great deal of sense.  I think that

        21       anyone who is questioning this doesn't really

        22       understand the situation and, as I say, people

        23       aren't being invited; they're being allowed.











                                                             
6823

         1       There are no invitations.  If people are -- had

         2       the opportunity to use your open space, then

         3       they realize or they have to understand that the

         4       owner has limited liability.

         5                      Now, I could go -- the hiking

         6       clubs or clubs that are involved in this area

         7       are supporting this.  They understand this.

         8       They know what it's like to have land posted.

         9       Once it's posted, you don't go on it anymore.

        10                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        11       President, on the bill.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        13       Dollinger, on the bill.

        14                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  If this bill

        15       provided some form of limited liability for

        16       landowners, I could see the wisdom of Senator

        17       Stafford's counsel.  I read it, however, to

        18       provide no liability, none, on the part of

        19       landowners who allow people, with their express

        20       permission, to use their land.  That means if

        21       there's a guy wire across the trail, they have

        22       no liability.  That means if the bridge is 150

        23       years old and it looks perfectly okay -- and











                                                             
6824

         1       Senator Stafford said, "Well, you should find

         2       out whether the bridge is usable or not", how do

         3       you find out?  Someone goes out and starts to

         4       tiptoe across the bridge to see whether it's

         5       strong enough to hold your weight, no

         6       requirement that the landowner post any of these

         7       potential deficiencies.

         8                      What would happen if there were

         9       mil... it was an old military firing range and

        10       there were land mines or there were mines, there

        11       were exploded -- unexploded shells on the

        12       property, it had been a drop zone in a war?  It

        13       was up in Senator Wright's part of the world

        14       where they practice at Fort Drum, and we're

        15       going to let people walk around with no

        16       obligation on the part of the landowner to tell

        17       them or advise them of any deficiencies on the

        18       land, the risk in the land.  They have no

        19       liability at all to post any information for

        20       these invited guests.

        21                      While I think that perhaps some

        22       additional protection, some additional limited

        23       liability for landowners might be appropriate,











                                                             
6825

         1       in this circumstance it goes too far because it

         2       leaves landowners carte blanche and creates no

         3       liability -- not limited liability, no liability

         4       on the part of the landowner.

         5                      For that reason, I think we'd be

         6       doing an injustice to those invited guests if we

         7       made this bill into law.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The Chair

         9       recognizes Senator Hoffmann.

        10                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Would Senator

        11       Stafford yield for a question, please?

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        13       Stafford, do you yield to Senator Hoffmann?  The

        14       Senator yields.

        15                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Senator

        16       Stafford, upon reading the bill, just as Senator

        17       Dollinger was referring to the bill as

        18       eliminating total liability -- I don't want to

        19       misquote you, Senator Dollinger -- but I believe

        20       in the original bill, the unamended print, if

        21       you could clarify this for me, Senator Stafford,

        22       that on line 35 there is a reference to -- well,

        23       I'll read directly from the bill.  "This shall











                                                             
6826

         1       not be interpreted or construed as a limit on

         2       liability for acts of gross negligence in

         3       addition to those other acts referred to in

         4       subdivision 2 and 3 of this section."

         5                      What would -- help me clarify

         6       this, then.  In the case that a landowner had a

         7       bridge -- since we're talking bridges here -

         8       was well aware of the fact that the bridge was

         9       not in good condition and had not made any main

        10       tenance on it over some period of time and that

        11       bridge was readily accessible by the public,

        12       either by invitation or without invitation,

        13       would that constitute gross negligence?

        14                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  I -- well,

        15       yes, but you have pointed it out.  I said

        16       earlier -- and I said negligence, really -

        17       really, gross negligence, if it's determined

        18       it's there, obviously you're not limited and

        19       you're certainly liable.

        20                      I would say this:  Exactly what

        21       gross negligence is, I didn't want to be -- make

        22       any errors and say that I knew exactly what

        23       would be determined as gross negligence.  If











                                                             
6827

         1       someone had a bridge on their property that they

         2       had used only to -- used for logging and it was

         3       done, you know, 40, 50 years ago, I suggest that

         4       people who go on that property should make sure

         5       that that's -- make sure that that's safe.

         6                      Now, it could be argued that

         7       that's gross negligence.  That would have to be

         8       determined by a court, but you're exactly

         9       right.  Common law of negligence is still there

        10       as far as liability is concerned for gross

        11       negligence.

        12                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you,

        13       Senator Stafford.

        14                      Mr. President, if Senator

        15       Stafford would continue to yield.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        17       Stafford, would you continue to yield?  Senator

        18       Stafford -

        19                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  I -- I'm

        20       very -

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        22       Hoffmann, excuse me just a minute.

        23                      Senator Stafford, I'm sure that











                                                             
6828

         1       the stenographer is having as hard a time as I

         2       am hearing you.  Could you just kind of slide

         3       back so you can speak into that microphone?

         4                      Thank you.

         5                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you very

         6       much, Mr. President.

         7                      Senator Stafford, I -- I appre

         8       ciate your clarification on the issue of gross

         9       negligence and I think that most property owners

        10       would willingly accept their responsibility to

        11       maintain their property for their own use and,

        12       obviously, to prevent the possibility of any

        13       lawsuits, they would not want to be guilty of

        14       gross negligence.  If we can make an assumption

        15       that landowners in this state -- and I think I

        16       would like to refer specifically to farmers -

        17       are by and large not inclined toward gross

        18       negligence, but there are unique circumstances,

        19       and your bill has done an excellent job of

        20       outlining those circumstances, under which

        21       people do enter someone else's property with or

        22       without invitation.

        23                      Now, I'd like to ask you to -- to











                                                             
6829

         1       clarify for me if the following situation would

         2       be covered under your bill.  Bear with me one

         3       second.

         4                      As you know, it's common practice

         5       in hunting after -- after a hit, to track an

         6       animal.  Theoretically, someone could be hunting

         7       on state-owned land during bow season, hit a

         8       deer and have to track it a mile through the

         9       woods, during the course of tracking enter

        10       private property, possibly unknowingly, because

        11       with thick woods it's not always possible to see

        12       the posted signs and bearing in mind that the

        13       person is more inclined to be watching the

        14       ground for signs rather than trees -- for posted

        15       signs, and well aware of impending dusk there

        16       would be some -- some matter of urgency to move

        17       quickly onto other land.

        18                      Under such a circumstance, it's

        19       possible that a hunter might enter private

        20       property unknowingly.  That private property

        21       could have been previously fenced and have over

        22       grown barbed wire fence.  It is a very frequent

        23       type of accident and usually a relativly minor











                                                             
6830

         1       one for a person to stumble over or be tripped

         2       or hung up somehow on old wire in the woods.

         3       Would such an in... such an occurrence be

         4       considered gross negligence by the landowner or

         5       would the landowner be absolved of responsi

         6       bility to compensate a hunter tracking an animal

         7       on private property under these circumstances?

         8                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  First, Mr.

         9       President, I would ask Senator Hoffmann whether

        10       the land is posted they go on.

        11                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  The land could

        12       theoretically be posted, but knowing how posted

        13       signs come down, or in large amounts of property

        14       the legal definition of posted may not have been

        15       met.  The intent may have been there at one

        16       time, but I think for discussion's sake, I would

        17       like to know the answer for both posted land and

        18       non-posted land.

        19                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  First, I would

        20       say to you, as I'm sure Senator Sears would

        21       agree, wounding that deer and going onto private

        22       land is one of the old, old stories that

        23       everyone always does when they want to do a











                                                             
6831

         1       little hunting on some private property.  I'd

         2       say it's about 50-50, but if every deer had been

         3       wounded that people have wounded so they could

         4       go on private property, we wouldn't have many

         5       deer left.

         6                      Now, if the property is posted,

         7       the case law is such that you don't have to have

         8       every single postmark there.  It's in the

         9       Conservation Law and it's what every -- how many

        10       feet does it have to be?  Somebody must know.

        11       Anyway, there's a -- there's a law there where

        12       you have to have the sign and you have to have

        13       who owns it and the address of the owner.

        14                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  That's

        15       correct.

        16                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  And it's going

        17       to be, from now on, you also have to have the

        18       telephone number.

        19                      The interesting point is usually

        20       people have some club that you have no idea who

        21       the club is, or they post it in such a way that

        22       it's going to take you a long time to find out

        23       who it is, I guarantee you.  I'm just trying to











                                                             
6832

         1       be very open on this.

         2                      Getting near barbed wire, I would

         3       say people better be very careful because a high

         4       percentage of hunting acc... hunting accidents

         5       are crossing fences.  Over 50 percent are -

         6       some are smiling at that, but I think that we're

         7       discussing all of this, I think it's a good

         8       thing to be mentioning.

         9                      Now, I would suggest in case law,

        10       if that property is posted and it's known as

        11       posted land, whether for agriculture or logging

        12        -- and, of course, logging you and I know is

        13       agriculture and we got to start getting logging

        14       into reasonable -- into a reasonable area as far

        15       as paying workmen's compensation and that type

        16        -- it is not something just out there and -

        17       and we have it at the present time, so it's

        18       almost impossible for these people; but if it's

        19       posted, I would suggest that the landowner

        20       probably will be held not responsible because of

        21       the land being posted.

        22                      Now, you see those of us who have

        23       been involved in these issues -- you know,











                                                             
6833

         1       what's a "reasonable man"?  If I ask every

         2       person -- pardon me?

         3                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Reasonable

         4       person, a reasonable man or woman, Mr.

         5       President.

         6                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  A reasonable

         7       person.

         8                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you.

         9                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  They taught it

        10       incorrectly when I was in law school and your

        11       point is very well taken, and I have been

        12       corrected by members of my family on these

        13       issues.

        14                      Now, what's a "reasonable

        15       person"?  Well, here we go again, barbed wire.

        16       Are people responsible for going out and

        17       clearing all the fences around their land?  I'll

        18       tell you one of the most dangerous -- it's worse

        19       than barbed wire hunting, there are old stone

        20       fences, because when you step on them, you know

        21       there's moss around them and they -- I'm not

        22       saying they've gotten smaller but they aren't

        23       together anymore.  These people could make these











                                                             
6834

         1       things in an arch... they were good architects;

         2       you know, they went a certain way and you could

         3       walk on them.  I think there are some poems

         4       about that, but if you cross a stone fence, that

         5       can be dangerous.

         6                      Would the person be responsible

         7       for clearing all these stone fences?  I don't

         8       think -- I don't think they -- I don't think

         9       they would, and I -- it's the issue of gross

        10       negligence.  I could see -- I could see cases

        11       that you could take and even if -- even if a

        12       property was -- even if the property was posted

        13        -- see, I don't even like to use the word, I

        14       mean, because it just cuts off all these

        15       opportunities for people.  I can see, even if

        16       property was posted, if something was grossly

        17       negligent -- if someone had gone and dug

        18       something, say they were looking for certain -

        19       certain things on their land and they dug a big

        20       hole and it wasn't marked -- I mean, this is all

        21       reasonable.  This is all reasonable.

        22                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Mr. President.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator











                                                             
6835

         1       Hoffmann.

         2                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:   I -- I -- I

         3       appreciate Senator Stafford's response, and I

         4       believe I understand the distinction between the

         5       posted and the non-posted liability, and I would

         6       compliment Senator Stafford and ask one

         7       additional question, if Senator Stafford would

         8       continue to yield.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        10       Senator Stafford, will you continue to yield?

        11                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  By all means.

        12                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:  He

        13       will.

        14                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Senator

        15       Stafford, following this -- this train of

        16       thought, and I'm sure for many of our colleagues

        17       who are not familiar with the joys of hunting

        18       and the experience that one might have in

        19       tracking a deer, or a bear in your district, not

        20       too many in mine, that there are unique

        21       circumstances that one would be aware of, and I

        22       I want to make sure that we're clear on the

        23       intent of the bill, the current status of law











                                                             
6836

         1       and what ultimate negligence would be under

         2       certain circumstances.

         3                      The intent of the bill, as I

         4       understand it, is to encourage more public

         5       participation with less risk to property owners,

         6       is that correct?

         7                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Correct.

         8                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you,

         9       Senator.

        10                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Correct, Mr.

        11       President.

        12                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you.

        13                      The -- the risks to property

        14       owners, of course, are many, and in this very

        15       litigious society we have, all property owners,

        16       whether they have many thousand acres or a few

        17       hundred or a few acres that could, in fact, be

        18       used by other people with -- with or without

        19       invitation compels them to take some pains and

        20        -- and recognize this, but the process of

        21       maintaining one's land and having it adequately

        22       posted is very burdensome, I'm sure you'll

        23       agree.











                                                             
6837

         1                      If a property owner had at one

         2       time posted land and decided that this law would

         3       provide -- this bill, assuming it's passed into

         4       law -- would provide some measure of protection,

         5       then we would, in fact, have served a rather

         6       significant public purpose here in increasing

         7       public access.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:  Do

         9       you yield to that question, Senator?

        10                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Yes, and the

        11       Senator is exactly right.

        12                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  Thank you.

        13                      On the bill, Mr. President.

        14                      Thank you, Senator Stafford -

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        16       Senator Hoffmann on the bill.

        17                      SENATOR HOFFMANN:  -- for

        18       clarifying these matters.  There are many

        19       property owners who, out of a sense of fear that

        20       they are at risk for lawsuits, have taken

        21       measures to prevent access from their land by

        22       posting the land, by trying to maintain those

        23       posted signs.  Posted signs are darned











                                                             
6838

         1       expensive.  They have to be weatherproof because

         2       there isn't a single type of ink that will last

         3       more than a season, and after you write your

         4       name and your address on a couple hundred posted

         5       signs, go out and spend a few days -- and do I

         6       mean a few days in many instances -- affixing

         7       them onto trees on wooden backers so they will

         8       stay up there, it's very frustrating to come

         9       back a few months later and discover that half

        10       of them are gone and almost all of them are

        11       obliterated because the ink has washed away.

        12                      This means that a landowner is,

        13       in fact, in violation of the law relative to

        14       posted signs and, more importantly, is subject

        15       to negligence standards under the existing

        16       statute.

        17                      So it becomes a burden.  I want

        18       to emphasize that.  It becomes another burden on

        19       people engaged in agriculture in this state to

        20       maintain posted land.  So there is a tremendous

        21       benefit to the public for greater access to the

        22       land as well as a benefit in terms of peace of

        23       mind to people who are engaged in agriculture.











                                                             
6839

         1                      Now, when you think of a farm,

         2       it's very likely that some people in this

         3       chamber think in terms of neatly plowed fields

         4       and rows of corn and pastures and fields of hay,

         5       but a farm can include much more.  In fact,

         6       under DEC definition, much of the wetlands that

         7       are in the possession of agriculturalists or

         8       waste land as it's often classified, is very,

         9       very difficult to traverse.  To top it off,

        10       there are portions of this state -- Senator

        11       Stafford's district is well-known, but mine as

        12       well -- which include ravines, gullies,

        13       mountainous areas.  There are people in my

        14       district who have to literally rappel down

        15       ravines to traverse one side to another of a

        16       gorge to legally affix the posted signs at the

        17       distances required by the law.

        18                      So if we can provide some relief

        19       for such individuals to avoid going through this

        20       onerous burden and at the same time allow

        21       hunters the satisfaction of knowing that they

        22       can, in fact, track an animal following a hit so

        23       they can successfully conclude the hunt, not











                                                             
6840

         1       allow that animal to suffer and make sure they

         2       have completed their task without risk of any

         3       violation of law for covering private property,

         4       we will have accomplished something very

         5       worthwhile.

         6                      This is all necessary, sadly,

         7       because of the lawsuits, in this very litigious

         8       society.  I'm a little disappointed to see that

         9       there is some opposition from the Trial Lawyers

        10       Association here, but I am confident that the

        11       Trial Lawyers would be as ingenuous following

        12       the passage of this bill as they are today in

        13       determining gross negligence when, in fact,

        14       gross negligence exists.  This is simply a

        15       matter of relieving property owners of yet

        16       another onerous burden and creating greater

        17       access for the common good.

        18                      So I would support the bill.  I

        19       will urge all of my colleagues to do the same.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        21       Senator Marchi.

        22                      SENATOR MARCHI:  Mr. President,

        23       my understanding of this legislation is that











                                                             
6841

         1       there would be no immediate effect and there

         2       would be a requirement when the Superintendent

         3       of Insurance -- to make recommendations within a

         4       period of 18 months.

         5                      The fact that it has as its

         6       objective the limitation of liability on people

         7       utilizing the land not for a consideration,

         8       there's a certain assumption of risk in anything

         9       you do in life or -- unless -- I wouldn't even

        10       characterize gross negligence, but wanton

        11       negligence, where you put traps in or you create

        12       deliberate hazards, and even a trespasser is, of

        13       course -- if they walk into a pit and there's

        14       spikes at the bottom of the pit, you have a

        15       pretty bad situation.

        16                      The opposition of the New York

        17       Trial Lawyers Association, I think, is a reflex

        18       action of trial lawyers, negligence lawyers on

        19       anything that might impede run-away judgments on

        20       allegations of negligence.  It would seem to me

        21       that it's -- it's good public policy given a

        22       study by the Superintendent of Insurance, which

        23       presumably would include certain safeguards in











                                                             
6842

         1       which we are free to accept or reject, to

         2       introduce a climate that will allow for greater

         3       utilization and encourage the disposition of the

         4       landowner to allow this use, as is now the case

         5       as Senator Stafford has informed us, and I don't

         6       see how -- I don't really see that going much

         7       further than that, other than really to invite

         8       the owners of public property to post trespass

         9       signs and to bring on a wholly negative attitude

        10       on the use of land that's open for recreational

        11       use, considerations on both sides, but I think

        12       that the pendulum definitely swings towards

        13       Senator Stafford's bill which provides, I think,

        14       for the -- the protections that -- a modicum of

        15       protections and the limitation of liability at

        16       the end of a period of review which we are free

        17       to accept or reject and at the same time not

        18       lead to situations where increased use may take

        19       place as the population increases and there's a

        20       greater propensity for using open space.

        21                      I think this bill favors -

        22       favors the kind of activity which is now taking

        23       place and which is laudable, so I think it's a











                                                             
6843

         1       reasonably safeguarded piece of legislation, and

         2       I don't think we should go to the barricades

         3       just when trial lawyers object because it may

         4       interfere with some run-away judgment.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         6       Senator Saland.

         7                      SENATOR SALAND:  Thank you, Mr.

         8       President.

         9                      Mr. President, I rise in support

        10       of Senator Stafford's bill.  I know Senator

        11       Stafford's interest in Section 9103 certainly is

        12       long-standing.  He has introduced legislation

        13       over the years attempting to expand the

        14       categories covered by that particular section,

        15       and I commend him for his continuing efforts and

        16       I don't view this bill somehow or other as being

        17       a ticking time bomb.  I think, as the Senator

        18       has pointed out, it's certainly something that

        19       would be welcomed by the sportsman's community,

        20       by the agriculture community; but let me also

        21       suggest to you that recreational users, people

        22       who want to access things such as the Hudson

        23       Valley -- Hudson River Valley Greenway, would be











                                                             
6844

         1       greatly pleased to have this legislation on the

         2       books.  It's -- it's an invitation to open land,

         3       to permit others to have access to the land, and

         4       while there are issues that may be raised by way

         5       of litigation, there are issues for which this

         6       bill certainly does not shut the door.  It makes

         7       it clear that issues of gross negligence are

         8       still subject to a proceeding if, in fact,

         9       someone believes that that particular type of

        10       behavior has occurred.

        11                      So I don't view this as being

        12       onerous; I view this as being welcomed.  I view

        13       this as opening land, giving people access to

        14       land.  I view it as people being encouraged,

        15       owners of property, to let others come upon

        16       their property for a multitude of recreational

        17       purposes, and I think as time progresses and as

        18       fewer and fewer people have access to the kinds

        19       of beautiful parcels that -- and the types of

        20       parcels that really give us the opportunity to

        21       expand our quality of life, to enjoy the kinds

        22       of things in our day to day life we're generally

        23       denied, this bill sends the right message.











                                                             
6845

         1                      I wish Senator Stafford well in

         2       his negotiations with the other house and we'll

         3       certainly do everything I can to bring his

         4       message back to my district as well.

         5                      Thank you, Senator Stafford.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         7       Read the last section.

         8                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Mr. President,

         9       very quickly.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        11       Senator Stafford.

        12                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  I would just

        13       point out that -- I should have pointed out the

        14       study which will be conducted by the Superin

        15       tendent of Insurance, and I would point out that

        16       that will be conducted and we would hope they

        17       will review and assess ways for -- for instance,

        18       group policies to limit the cost of such

        19       property and liability coverage on these lands,

        20       but I would point out this is concurrent.  This

        21       will take place along with the legislation.

        22                      Thank you.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:











                                                             
6846

         1       Senator Dollinger.

         2                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

         3       President, would Senator Stafford yield to just

         4       one more question?

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         6       Senator Stafford, would you yield?

         7                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  It's a

         8       relatively easy one.  My question through you,

         9       Mr. President, is if you had a piece of land

        10       owned by the state and you have a piece of land

        11       owned by the state relatively adjacent but you

        12       have a section, a strip in between, that's owned

        13       by a private property owner, and the -- this

        14       bill passes and there's a bridge that runs from

        15       the state land to the other part of the state

        16       land and goes over the property held by the

        17       private property owner, isn't it a fact that, if

        18       you pass this bill, if a person fell on the

        19       state land because the bridge was defective,

        20       they would have a claim against the state, but

        21       if they fell on the land that is owned by the

        22       private property owner under this bill, they

        23       would proceed at their own risk and, therefore,











                                                             
6847

         1       they would have no claim?

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         3       Senator Stafford.

         4                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  Mr. President,

         5       I for one -- and I hope everyone here in the

         6       room and all within the sound of my voice, I

         7       hope that they understand that state land is

         8       different than private land.  Now, if we don't,

         9       I think we're in real trouble.

        10                      Now, I have stated continuously

        11       here that this is private land and people are

        12       allowing people to go on it, and it's much

        13       different than the state land that I have in my

        14       district.  Some of the towns have 75 to 80

        15       percent state land in their towns.  That is much

        16       different than private land.  It can be used and

        17       we all own it.  We're talking about land here

        18       that is owned by an individual or corporation or

        19       it could -- it could be land that they're using

        20       so that they can provide -- provide produce for

        21       supermarkets.  It could be used for anything in

        22       the private sector, and private land is

        23       different than state land, and I would suggest











                                                             
6848

         1       that we have to -- have to understand that.

         2                      I would ask the Senator this, Mr.

         3       President, if he would yield.  Was he saying

         4       that this was just a strip of land between two

         5        -- between two private -- between two state

         6       owned -

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         8       Senator Dollinger, would you care to restate the

         9       question?

        10                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  I will

        11       restate it.  My point was you have a piece of

        12       state land, you have another piece of state

        13       land, you got a strip in between which is owned

        14       by a property owner -- and I appreciate the

        15       difference between those ownerships but as the

        16       individual walks from the state land -- from one

        17       part of the state land to the other part of the

        18       state land, there's nothing necessarily telling

        19       him that he's now on private land, so he assumes

        20       that the protection that the state gives him on

        21       its own property extends through private land

        22       until he gets to the other piece of state land.

        23       He's not put on notice, "Oh, wait a second.  I'm











                                                             
6849

         1       now on private land and I proceed entirely at my

         2       own risk, and have no presumed protection for

         3       the condition of the land as I would have on the

         4       state property."

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:  Is

         6       there -- Senator Dollinger, is there a question

         7       there?

         8                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  I believe -

         9       Mr. President, I believe I was simply asked to

        10       clarify my question, so the other question

        11       stands.

        12                      SENATOR STAFFORD:  I will clarify

        13       the question by stating, there are differences.

        14       I would ask -- I will point this out and then I

        15       will attempt to answer the question.

        16                      If one has damages -- is damaged

        17       on state land, they can have a trial and there's

        18       only a judge.  If you're damaged on private

        19       land, you can have a trial -- exactly -- and you

        20       can have a judge and jury.  We can point out

        21       differences.

        22                      There are going to be situations

        23       where, obviously, as I stated -- I stated this











                                                             
6850

         1       earlier, that if this was a piece of land that

         2       was there and people were going across it all

         3       the time, even though it was private land, I

         4       could see that you could probably get to the

         5       point of gross negligence if certain things

         6       weren't corrected.  All I'm saying is we're

         7       making it possible to open this land, and I'm

         8       sure that all of us -- all of us can think of

         9       reasons that possibly it isn't really the way it

        10       should be.  It could be this way; it could be

        11       that way.

        12                      Again, if we want to have this

        13       land just posted, that's one thing and that's

        14       been pointed out here, but I suggest that also

        15       on this strip of land that was being suggested,

        16       you know, anybody -- anybody who has spent time

        17       in the woods and knows an area at all, you know

        18       where the state land is, you know where the

        19       private land is, and if someone is out in the

        20       woods without someone who understands that, they

        21       shouldn't be there.  They shouldn't be there,

        22       but there are thousands and thousands of people

        23       that like to hike, fish, hunt, camp and I would











                                                             
6851

         1       say that it's -- certainly makes sense for us to

         2       make this available, and I would again say

         3       anything that can determine -- be determined

         4       that it's gross negligence, it's covered under

         5       the negligence common law.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         7       Senator Dollinger.

         8                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Just briefly

         9       on the bill.

        10                      I think Senator Hoffmann brings

        11       up many good points.  I think Senator Stafford

        12       brings up many good points, although I go back

        13       to the position advocated by Senator Marchi,

        14       which is this is a balance.  It's a balance

        15       between making the land available and immunizing

        16       the landowner from possible litigation versus

        17       the right of someone, first time -- the problem

        18       with gross negligence is it may require the

        19       first person to fall through the bridge before

        20       the landowner could be accused of gross

        21       negligence.  The first person who gets hurt

        22       won't have a claim, and I think that shifts the

        23       balance in this state, which I think was











                                                             
6852

         1       reasonably struck by this Legislature before,

         2       shifts it in favor of the landowner and against

         3       what could be an injured person, and I -- I -

         4       although I understand the reasonableness in how

         5        -- to quote another law school phrase, Senator

         6       Stafford, that you and I are are familiar with.

         7       This is one about which reasonable minds can

         8       differ, I believe, and I think there's a

         9       difference between the two of us on how this

        10       balance should be struck and it's a very, very

        11       finely tuned balance that we're dealing with.

        12                      So with all due respect, both to

        13        -- Senator Hoffmann I thought had some good

        14       points as well, I'm going to be voting in the

        15       negative.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        17       Read the last section.

        18                      THE SECRETARY: Section 3.  This

        19       act shall take effect immediately.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        21       Call the roll.

        22                      (The Secretary called the roll.)

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:











                                                             
6853

         1       Results when they're tabulated.

         2                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

         3       the negative on Calendar 700 are Senators

         4       Babbush, Connor, Dollinger, Paterson and

         5       Waldon.  Ayes 43, nays -- also Senator Gold.

         6       Ayes 42, nays 6.

         7                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         8       The bill is passed.

         9                      Continue reading the

        10       controversial calendar.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        12       884, by Senator Padavan, Senate Print 3091, an

        13       act to amend the Executive Law, in relation to

        14       cooperation between police agencies and the

        15       United States Immigration and Naturalization

        16       Service.

        17                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Explanation.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        19       Explanation is requested.

        20                      Senator Padavan.

        21                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Thank you, Mr.

        22       President.

        23                      This bill mandates that when a











                                                             
6854

         1       person is arrested in this state, when there's

         2       some indication of illegal status as an illegal

         3       immigrant, that cooperation between that law

         4       enforcement agency and the Immigration and

         5       Naturalization Service should take place.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         7       Senator Men... Senator Paterson.

         8                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President,

         9       would Senator Padavan yield for a couple of

        10       questions?

        11                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I would.

        12                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Thank you.

        13                      Senator Padavan, some years ago

        14       Mayor Koch issued an executive order denying the

        15       agencies in the city the opportunity to ask

        16       vital questions relating to status.  Under your

        17       legislation, does it supervene any executive

        18       order by the state legislation that would deny

        19       any law that -- any laws to be enacted that

        20       would actually diminish the thrust of your

        21       legislation?

        22                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  What you're

        23       referring to, Senator Padavan, is Executive











                                                             
6855

         1       Order 124 -- Senator Paterson.

         2                      SENATOR PATERSON:  You're Senator

         3       Padavan.

         4                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  You're talking

         5       about Executive Order 124 issued by Mayor Koch a

         6       number of years ago, and there was a section of

         7       that executive order that if literally

         8       interpreted would preclude the police department

         9       from inquiring of a person who is involved in a

        10       criminal act anything relevant to his immigra...

        11       or his immigration status.

        12                      During the course of our work

        13       over the past two years, we've had a lot of

        14       contact with the mayors's office, a lot of

        15       correspondence, a lot of dialogue.  He indicates

        16        -- his office indicates that with regard to

        17       criminal activity, that portion of Executive

        18       Order 124 has been amended, so that if someone

        19       is arrested or involved in a crime and there's

        20       any indication of unlawful entry into this

        21       country, contact with INS would take place.

        22                      The trigger for that

        23       determination occurred approximately a year











                                                             
6856

         1       ago.  One illegal immigrant was arrested in the

         2       Bronx for selling drugs.  No inquiry was made at

         3       that point in time relevant to the individual's

         4       immigration status or anything else relevant to

         5       that issue.  He was allowed out on his own

         6       recognizance.  During the following two weeks,

         7       he shot and killed a police officer.  When he

         8       was rearrested, it was determined that he was an

         9       illegal immigrant, in this country unlawfully

        10       and, of course, all of the things relevant to

        11       that particular determination took place.

        12                      The issue became, if the police

        13       department had done what the mayor's now

        14       directing them to do, in that instance at the

        15       very outset, that individual would not have had

        16       the opportunity of killing the police officer,

        17       who, by the way, anecdotally, parenthetically,

        18       the police officer was a naturalized citizen

        19       having at one time also been an immigrant.  So

        20       that is the genesis of this in one regard.

        21                      I could also share with you some

        22       other things as well that might be pertinent,

        23       but I hope I have answered your question.











                                                             
6857

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         2       Senator Paterson.

         3                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Yes, Senator

         4       Padavan has answered my question.

         5                      I was thinking in addition, I can

         6       certainly understand the circumstances that

         7       you're addressing, but what about schools and

         8       the Health Department and that kind of thing?

         9       Would those executive orders be overruled?

        10                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  This particular

        11       bill relates specifically and only to persons

        12       arrested in the commission of a crime.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        14       Senator Paterson.

        15                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Thank you, Mr.

        16       President.

        17                      If Senator Padavan would continue

        18       to yield.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        20       Will you continue to yield, Senator Padavan?

        21                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Yeah.

        22                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Senator

        23       Padavan, the other day Senator Espada asked you











                                                             
6858

         1       something about xenophobia, which he described

         2       as -

         3                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  -- dialogue.

         4                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Fortunate -

         5                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Unfortunate

         6       dialogue.

         7                      SENATOR PATERSON:  You thought

         8       that was unfortunate dialogue?  Well, you know,

         9       it's one of those phobias like claustrophobia,

        10       hydrophobia, agrophobia, which is fear of

        11       heights -- what -- unfounded fear of strangers,

        12       and there's agoraphobia, which we seem to have

        13       here, fear of going outside.

        14                      Senator Paterson -- Senator

        15       Padavan, did you know -- I really want to be

        16       Senator Padavan, then I could really get rid of

        17       this bill, but do you know what hotephobia is?

        18                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I'm sorry.

        19       What?

        20                      SENATOR PATERSON:  That's fear of

        21       travel.

        22                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Travel.  Okay.

        23                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Then there's











                                                             
6859

         1       Hi-de-phobia; that's fear of Cab Calloway, but

         2       that's another issue.

         3                      What we are really trying to

         4       avoid in this kind of legislation, Senator, is

         5       the abuse, particularly the number of incidents

         6       that have been documented by a number of organi

         7       zations where individuals have been harassed at

         8       our borders, feeling that the police are already

         9       cooperating with Immigration not to have the

        10       situation -- particularly farm workers who come

        11       into this country that don't speak the

        12       language.

        13                      It's often hard, as Senator

        14       Leichter described the other day, to produce the

        15       proper identification and, really, although

        16       there's an understanding of trying to generate

        17       better cooperation between our law enforcement

        18       and our Immigration Service, we're really trying

        19       to avoid the potential for abuse in that area.

        20                      Do you care to comment on that at

        21       all?

        22                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Yes.  I think

        23       my response would be simply to read the bill,











                                                             
6860

         1       the very beginning, the very first paragraph:

         2                       "Every police agency in this

         3       state as defined in law shall fully cooperate

         4       with the United States Immigration and

         5       Naturalization Service regarding any person who

         6       is arrested under state law."

         7                      Any person who is arrested under

         8       state law.  That is the focus of this bill and

         9       the entire issue relevant to the bill.  So this

        10       person has committed a crime and has been

        11       arrested, and what we're saying, from that point

        12       forward, issues relevant to the legal status -

        13       legal status in this country.

        14                      I might refer you to something

        15       that we discussed yesterday that I brought up in

        16       the President's address to the nation on May

        17       6th.  Much of his presentation dealt with the

        18       issue of illegal immigrants in terms of

        19       deportation and immigrants who have been

        20       involved with criminal acts.  One of the things

        21       he said -- and I'll read it to you.  This is the

        22       President of the United States.

        23                      "If they're sentenced to jail,











                                                             
6861

         1       they should go to jail, but after jail they

         2       should be removed from the United States.  And

         3       when there is a plea bargain, I want deportation

         4       to be part of the deal."  That's the President.

         5                      Now, if there's no contact

         6       between the law enforcement agencies that have

         7       jurisdiction and INS, I don't see how the

         8       President's admonition and request could ever

         9       take place.

        10                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Senator -

        11                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        12       Senator Paterson.

        13                      SENATOR PATERSON:  The

        14       President's edict, I think, is well taken and

        15       I'm glad that that you cited it, but specific to

        16       your legislation and -- as reflected in the

        17       Supreme Court case of Filer v. Dow in 1982,

        18       don't you think that -- I don't think this

        19       particular legislation does this, but don't you

        20       think some of this legislation that we're

        21       looking at that relates to immigration is going

        22       beyond the scope of the state's authority?

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:











                                                             
6862

         1       Senator Padavan.

         2                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  This particular

         3       bill certainly does not.  If, by virtue of

         4       administrative directive or simply by virtue of

         5       inaction, any local jurisdiction, police in the

         6       state of New York, that fails to cooperate, one,

         7       when it is appropriate to do so, in my view, is

         8       negligent, and this bill would seek to address

         9       that.  Certainly it's within our authority to

        10       ensure that if someone who has committed a crime

        11       and is in this country illegally, they're

        12       referred to any other jurisdiction.  In this

        13       case INS, so that whatever can take place,

        14       particularly with regard to deportation, should

        15       take place, and if there's any plea bargaining

        16       that goes on that INS is involved in, and so on

        17        -- and in reading what the President said, I'm

        18       simply attempting to highlight the simple fact

        19       that, if we are to accomplish what he wishes to

        20       have accomplished, then cooperation between

        21       states and the federal government is essential

        22       as it is in many other areas, investigations of

        23       drug activity, and so on, and so on.











                                                             
6863

         1                      So, therefore, to answer your

         2       question directly, it certainly not only is

         3       within our authority, but I think it's part of

         4       our responsibility to do this.

         5                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         7       Senator Paterson.

         8                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Would Senator

         9       Padavan be willing to define for us the use of

        10       the term "appropriate"?  I know it's subjective,

        11       but I think it's very important.  It is his

        12       bill, and what we're really addressing is the

        13       fact that people are getting arrested.  People

        14       are getting held over.  Often they don't have

        15       any legal services, and in the end it's actually

        16       determined that they're not illegal immigrants.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        18       Senator Padavan.

        19                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  The word is

        20       subjective and, if they're not illegal

        21       immigrants, then the bill doesn't apply.

        22                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Senator

        23       Padavan, what I'm trying to eliminate is for a











                                                             
6864

         1       large number of people who would maybe be

         2       released later having to go through the

         3       humiliation, if you will, of being American

         4       citizens, for instance, and at the same time

         5       being challenged every place they go because

         6       they seem to resemble individuals who may be

         7       illegal aliens.

         8                      Now, it's a difficult situation.

         9       I understand that we're really trying to address

        10       this issue, the President is, you are, and it's

        11       probably a good time for us to actually do that,

        12       but what I'm saying is that, at the same time,

        13       we have citizens in this country who are

        14       certainly perceiving that many of the laws that

        15       we're enacting are going to be applied

        16       specifically to their situation and they are

        17       either legal permanent residents or one of the

        18       other 13 categories of legal residency or they

        19       are American citizens.  I just hope you're

        20       sympathetic to the problem that they feel.

        21                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I am very

        22       sympathetic, but I have to bring you back to

        23       where we began, Senator.  The only place that











                                                             
6865

         1       the people covered by this bill have been

         2       brought to is to a jail.  They have been

         3       arrested for committing a crime.  We're not

         4       talking about other things and other venues,

         5       people being inappropriately denied because of

         6       perceptions and things we talked about

         7       yesterday, no point to go over all of it again.

         8       We're talking about somebody who has been

         9       arrested, is in jail, the district attorney's

        10       involved.  Certainly it's very easy, on making a

        11       referral to INS if that person himself can't

        12       produce documentation, to determine whether

        13       they're here legally in this country.

        14                      Now, if they're not, then the

        15       kind of cooperation that the President is

        16       calling for -- and I think serves us well if it

        17       were implemented.  Florida is doing it very

        18       effectively.  Last year they deported over 1,000

        19       illegal immigrants who were in their criminal

        20       justice system.  I needn't remind you of the

        21       cost savings involved, to say nothing of other

        22       issues.

        23                      And so that kind of cooperation,











                                                             
6866

         1       I think, serves us well and should be -- should

         2       be facilitated, it should be encouraged and, in

         3       this particular case by virtue of this bill, be

         4       mandated.

         5                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         6       Senator Padavan -- excuse me, Paterson.

         7                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  You too?

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         9       You got me doing it.

        10                      SENATOR PATERSON:  He's doing it

        11       too.  I -- as I said, really aspire to be

        12       Senator Padavan one day.

        13                      Actually, Senator Padavan raises

        14       some very relevant issues.  We are beset with a

        15       number of economic problems in this state.  We

        16       don't need them exacerbated by the presence of

        17       illegal aliens who are driving up costs for

        18       taxpayers who reside in this state, and yet at

        19       the same time we think that some of the

        20       proposals that Senator Padavan is making are

        21       actually causing a number of American citizens,

        22       people who are proud to live in this country, to

        23       pay a very high price because, as American as











                                                             
6867

         1       they may be, they may in some respects resemble

         2       those who are not.

         3                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         4       Senator Mendez.

         5                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Mr. President, I

         6       wonder if Senator Padavan would yield for a

         7       couple of questions.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         9       Senator Padavan, will you yield?

        10                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Yes.

        11                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Senator Padavan,

        12       last year during the summer we conducted some

        13       hearings pertaining to the situation of -- of

        14       the agricultural workers, the farm workers, and

        15       I was very interested in one situation that is

        16       happening in some counties, upstate New York,

        17       and that is, it was reported to me and the task

        18       force that there are some towns where you might

        19       find that four or five farm workers, they get on

        20       a car and they go to the village to buy, or

        21       whatever, and that without there being any

        22       reasonable cause for them to be stopped by a -

        23       by an officer -- a police officer.  In fact,











                                                             
6868

         1       they have been stopped; they have been

         2       questioned what are they doing; they have been

         3       demanded documentation to prove that they are

         4       citizens, and on top of that, some of them have

         5       been taken to local jails where they have paid

         6       or stayed for two or three days.

         7                      Now, my question to you is the

         8       following:  I know what you're trying to do and

         9       I agree with you that -- that people -- first of

        10       all, people who are illegal, they shouldn't be

        11       here.  Secondly, people who are illegal and

        12       commit a crime, I mean that's a little bit too

        13       much for anybody to stomach, but my concern is

        14       in your bill the process of finding out when

        15       that person is an illegal alien will be when

        16       that person is inside the jail?  Is that the

        17       point, when the local authorities will be

        18       finding out if that person is an illegal alien,

        19       once that person is arrested and in that jail?

        20                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  That's the only

        21       time you could do it, Senator.

        22                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  I'm sorry?

        23                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I can't think











                                                             
6869

         1       of any other way to accom.... let me respond to

         2       you.  You gave this -- this dissertation or you

         3       shared with us your views by virtue of

         4       experience.  I would tell you that we are under

         5       a federal mandate to some degree right now to do

         6       this.

         7                      As a matter of fact, in a report

         8       that I got not too long ago, the Justice

         9       Department has submitted an amendment to the

        10       omnibus crime bill, you recall, that was adopted

        11       lowering funding to cities, and I quote -- this

        12       is a quote -- "That you have a policy of

        13       non-cooperation with INS."  So they're saying to

        14       us, "You want to participate in this -- these

        15       funds for crime prevention and criminal justice,

        16       you're going to have to cooperate with us."

        17                      Now, that amendment was not

        18       adopted at that time, but it still represents, I

        19       think, an expression on the part of the Justice

        20       Department as well as the President to say that

        21       everywhere in this country we should cooperate

        22       to whatever extent possible.

        23                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:











                                                             
6870

         1       Senator Mendez.

         2                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  I have a meeting

         3       of the minds with you in terms of what you want

         4       to do in this bill.  What bothers me is that at

         5       present in today's world there are areas in New

         6       York State where people are being apprehended,

         7       maybe because they look different or for

         8       whatever reasons, and taken to jail, so that I

         9       have -- although I agree with the need to do

        10       this and your bill does, I am trying to find

        11       some way whereby innocent people who are minding

        12       their own business and that they are either

        13       legal residents like most farm workers are -

        14       excuse me.

        15                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Let me -- let

        16       me make some -

        17                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Excuse me.

        18       Excuse me.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        20       Excuse me, Senator Padavan.

        21                      Continue, Senator Mendez.

        22                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Thank you.

        23       Thank you.  Thank you both of you -- and that











                                                             
6871

         1       they're minding their own business and they

         2       might be citizens.

         3                      See, farm workers, 15 percent of

         4       the farm workers are Puerto Ricans like me.  60

         5       percent are Central and South American and

         6       Mexicans and other Hispanics and they come from

         7       Central or South America or Mexico, and then the

         8       rest of the percentage, they could be African

         9       Americans or of African descent from the

        10       islands, you know, from the Caribbean, so -- but

        11       if they're farm workers, as a bill, they are -

        12       because of immigration rules, they are legal

        13       residents.

        14                      So in your bill, since this

        15       situation is occurring now, what -- then this

        16       will legitimize something that is illegal,

        17       occurring now because of the good cause that you

        18       want to, don't you think?

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        20       Senator Padavan.

        21                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  That was a long

        22       question, ending with the question, "Don't you

        23       think?"











                                                             
6872

         1                      What I think is basically,

         2       Senator, with all due respect -- and you realize

         3       I have a great deal of respect -- everything you

         4       said is not applicable.  The bill says very

         5       specifically -- listen to me -- persons who are

         6       arrested in violation of state law.  So the

         7       person had to commit some type of criminal act.

         8                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  My question is

         9       that at present there are some people that they

        10       have not committed a crime, and yet because they

        11       look different, they have been searched, the

        12       clothes have been searched.  They have been

        13       taken to jail and wait two or three days when

        14       they have not committed any crime.  This is what

        15       I'm trying to -- I see the merits of your bill,

        16       but already because of this existing situation,

        17       I have to be concerned.

        18                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Mr. President.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        20       Senator Padavan.

        21                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  In response to

        22       your question, Senator, that is wrong.  It would

        23       be wrong without this bill.  It would be wrong











                                                             
6873

         1       on the face of it.

         2                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Correct.

         3                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  This bill

         4       doesn't encourage that nor does it exacerbate

         5       that.  It is totally irrelevant to that problem

         6       which should be addressed in other ways, and to

         7       say, however, because of that kind of abuse that

         8       occurs, whenever it occurs, we should not do

         9       what this bill says is -

        10                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Senator Padavan.

        11                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Excuse me.

        12       Just to finish answering your question -- is to

        13       suggest that a negative justifies not doing a

        14       positive, and I don't agree.

        15                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Mr. President.

        16                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        17       Senator Mendez.

        18                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  That is the

        19       wrong interpretation, Senator Padavan, about the

        20       wrong -

        21                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Let me answer.

        22                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Hold it.

        23                      That's the wrong interpretation.











                                                             
6874

         1       What really should be done is that maybe your

         2       bill -- you yourself could amend your bill to

         3       include something to the effect that officers

         4       are not -- that people who are unjustly

         5       apprehended or with no relationship to a crime

         6       or something, that somebody will be fined or to

         7       prohibit that other harassment that is totally

         8       unnecessary, to find a way to protect that

         9       situation, to do something about that situation

        10       so that I wouldn't be -

        11                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Will the

        12       Senator yield?

        13                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Yes.

        14                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Senator, is

        15       that not already in our laws, that if someone is

        16       arrested by a police officer inappropriately for

        17       reasons that are not allowed by law, that

        18       penalties would be imposed, both administrative

        19       and other?  Are these not part of our laws in

        20       the state of New York already?

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        22       Senator Mendez.

        23                      SENATOR MENDEZ:  Thank you.











                                                             
6875

         1                      Senator Padavan, you are from New

         2       York City.  I am from New York City.  There are

         3       many laws -- many laws that are in the books and

         4       that yet are not followed by the office -- are

         5       not enforced by the criminal justice system, and

         6       there are others unfortunately that are being

         7       enforced when they -- it's against the law to do

         8       that, and in this instance, what's happening to

         9       some of these farm workers is a reality and, by

        10       law, they should -- that shouldn't happen.

        11                      So I have no problems with what

        12       the President said in terms of as part of the

        13       plea bargaining, to have deportation for illegal

        14       aliens.  No problems at all, Mr. President, with

        15       the issue of -- illegal aliens shouldn't be

        16       here, because illegal aliens shouldn't be here,

        17       and on top of if, it that illegal alien commits

        18       a crime, why should we pay for his

        19       incarceration?  But I do have great problems

        20       with the kinds of injustices and denial of

        21       rights that are being done today, in today's

        22       world, with people that are just workers who are

        23       trying to make a living and that many of them











                                                             
6876

         1       don't even speak the language and they don't

         2       have any interpreters.  They are stunned when

         3       they are stopped in a car, and the car is

         4       searched.  All that is against individuals'

         5       rights or because of that concern that I have, I

         6       think, in a way, this will be -- this bill,

         7       which you are not directing at that situation

         8       because it's not your purpose to do so, but this

         9       bill will, in fact, as I see it, legitimize that

        10        -- those wrongdoings that are occurring at the

        11       present time.

        12                      Thank you.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        14       Senator Dollinger.

        15                      SENATOR DOLINGER:  Mr. President,

        16       will Senator Padavan yield for one question?

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        18       Senator Dollinger.

        19                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Mr.

        20       President, will Senator Padavan yield to a

        21       question?

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

        23       Senator Padavan, will you yield?











                                                             
6877

         1                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Yes.

         2                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  Senator, is

         3       it currently a crime to give the people alien in

         4       this state or in this country some penalty?

         5                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Senator, people

         6       illegally in this country, the penalty is de

         7       portation.

         8                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  So under your

         9       bill, as you say, you simply haven't linked what

        10       they can do to every other address.  That

        11       determines whether they can -- what they can

        12       do.

        13                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Says it right

        14       here.

        15                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  So what this

        16       says, if I understand it, that the police says

        17       if this burglar had attempted to burglarize

        18       other houses, they would attempt to determine if

        19       he was that other house burglar.  Your bill says

        20       if they're arrested for burglary and you think

        21       they may be violating the immigration laws, that

        22       they would simply go out and determine that

        23       those laws have been violated.











                                                             
6878

         1                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  That's correct,

         2       and it says that word or words in paragraph two

         3       of the bill, in violation of the laws.

         4                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  A question,

         5       Mr. President.  What happens, Senator Padavan,

         6       after the notification to the INS occurs, the

         7       deportation process would be commenced if there

         8       was evidence?

         9                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Those would

        10       vary with the circumstance.  That will vary with

        11       the circumstance, certainly, and if you had the

        12       benefit of various situations that we've

        13       collected over a period of a year or so, you

        14       would see that the circumstances vary.

        15                      One case we talked about a police

        16       officer being killed; another we found

        17       situations of cooperation that eventually took

        18       place involving exploitation of illegal

        19       immigrants where they were violating the labor

        20       laws, all kinds of things, health and safety

        21       laws, federal and state, and it was through

        22       cooperation between all law enforcement agencies

        23       and INS, bringing everybody else into the act,











                                                             
6879

         1       that action was finally taken.  So it would

         2       depend on what the arrest was for, the

         3       circumstances surrounding the individual, as to

         4       what the final outcome would be, and I really

         5       can't give you any definitive answer.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT DeFRANCISCO:

         7       Senator Dollinger.

         8                      SENATOR DOLLINGER:  On the bill,

         9       Mr. President.

        10                      I think this bill, as Senator

        11       Padavan correctly describes it, simply alerts

        12       the police agencies in this state to the fact

        13       that, if there's reasonable suspicion of the

        14       illegal entry into this country, that they

        15       should check out and determine whether this

        16       accused is an illegal alien.

        17                      I see that as something that we

        18       should be doing in this state.  I see it as

        19       something that we want our police authorities to

        20       do, which is when someone is arrested for Crime

        21       A, and there's reasonable suspicion that they

        22       are committing Crime B, that we should require

        23       them to determine whether Crime B has been











                                                             
6880

         1       committed or not; so I don't see this bill as a

         2       significant departure from what we're doing

         3       currently, although I do think it has value

         4       because it alerts our police agencies to be

         5       aware of the illegal immigration problem and

         6       people who are arrested, if there's reasonable

         7       suspicion, should be required to produce

         8       evidence that they are in this country legally.

         9                      We talked yesterday when we did

        10       the immigration bill with respect to education,

        11       that I think the concern is of many people in

        12       this chamber about what constitutes reasonable

        13       suspicion.  I believe that if you've got someone

        14       who's arrested, reasonable suspicion has to be

        15       based on more than just surnames.  It has to be

        16       based on more than just color, but I think our

        17       Constitution provides standards under which

        18       reasonable suspicion can be analyzed legally.

        19                      We have constitutional

        20       protections even for illegal aliens that would

        21       protect them and allow them to both assert the

        22       defense of probable cause when they're arrested

        23       and assert the defense of reasonable suspicion











                                                             
6881

         1       at the time they are held over or investigated

         2       for violation of the immigration laws.

         3                      So I see this bill as a good

         4       step.  I'm going to vote in favor of it.  As we

         5       continue to try to deal with this difficult

         6       problem of illegal immigration, it seems to me

         7       this is a good step.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Anybody

         9       else on the bill?

        10                      Senator Waldon, I guess I got you

        11       on the list, and did you, Senator Abate, did you

        12       want to -

        13                      SENATOR ABATE: Yes.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        15       Waldon.

        16                      SENATOR WALDON:  Thank you very

        17       much, Mr. President.

        18                      Senator Padavan, would you yield

        19       to a question, please.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        21       Padavan, would you yield to a question from

        22       Senator Waldon?

        23                      SENATOR WALDON:  Senator, are you











                                                             
6882

         1       familiar with the arrest cards -- I don't know

         2       about the state, but are you familiar with the

         3       arrest cards of the city of New York?

         4                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I'm sorry.  I

         5       didn't hear you.

         6                      SENATOR WALDON:  Are you aware of

         7       the arrest card form utilized by the New York

         8       City Police Department?

         9                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I know such a

        10       thing exists.

        11                      SENATOR WALDON:  Thank you very

        12       much.  On the bill.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  On the

        14       bill, Senator Waldon.

        15                      SENATOR WALDON:  The arrest card

        16       that I asked Senator Padavan about basically

        17       requires the officer to seek the information

        18       which would codify what this bill is attempting

        19       to do.  You must tell -- you must try to find

        20       out the person's name, birth place, citizenship,

        21       et cetera.

        22                      On its face, at first blush, this

        23       bill is not -- is not a danger, but in the city











                                                             
6883

         1       of New York under the current administration,

         2       police brutality charges are up in excess of 40

         3       percent.

         4                      Many of these police brutality

         5       situations are the result of illegal stops,

         6       illegal searches and seizures, and I can speak

         7       definitively about this because I've witnessed

         8       two of them personally.  I just happened to be

         9       at a place where they occurred, but I can tell

        10       you, my colleagues, that literally hundreds of

        11       people are coming to my office and to the

        12       offices of Senator Smith and the Assembly people

        13       and Congress people who represent Southeast

        14       Queens, to complain that the police are now

        15       taking license to do whatever they want to do in

        16       terms of stopping people.  All too often and

        17       most regrettably, the people they stop look like

        18       me.  The people they stop are from the

        19       Caribbean.  The people they stop speak Spanish

        20       and are from Puerto Rico or Venezuela or another

        21       Spanish speaking nation in the western

        22       hemisphere, and I think that is abhorrent, and

        23       so my fear about this legislation that it will











                                                             
6884

         1       extend -- and I will conclude momentarily -- it

         2       will extend the opportunity for police

         3       departments to illegally stop -- illegally

         4       search and find something after they've done

         5       this to someone, and make an arrest and

         6       exacerbate this problem and, for that reason,

         7       I'm extremely troubled by this legislation and,

         8       therefore, will vote against it.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        10       Abate.

        11                      SENATOR ABATE:  Yes.  Will

        12       Senator Padavan yield to a question?

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  Senator

        14       Padavan, would you yield to a question from

        15       Senator Abate?

        16                      SENATOR ABATE:  This is a point

        17       of clarification.

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT FARLEY:  I think

        19       he will.

        20                      SENATOR ABATE:  Clearly, in order

        21       to arrest someone, clearly an officer must have

        22       probable cause, and then the burden that you

        23       outline in this legislation to go further is











                                                             
6885

         1       reasonable suspicion that someone may be an

         2       illegal alien.

         3                      Why not, because we're talking

         4       about a separate crime, it's not incident to the

         5       first crime -- let's say I'm a defendant.  I'm

         6       arrested for burglary.  I'm searched, clearly

         7       incident to that burglary charge, and now you're

         8       saying I'm in custody that all the police need

         9       is reasonable suspicion.  Why can you not drop

        10       the probable cause to believe?

        11                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Because,

        12       Senator, the issue relates only to reporting.

        13       There's no penalty.  There's no other further

        14       action under our penal code.  The reasonable

        15       suspicion only relates to the requirement of

        16       reporting to INS, nothing more.  So there is no

        17       law in the way you've outlined.

        18                      SENATOR ABATE:  So there's

        19       obviously a lesser burden on the police -

        20                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  It's purely an

        21       administrative one.

        22                      SENATOR ABATE:  All right.  Now,

        23       how would they get this information? Is there











                                                             
6886

         1       anything indicated by the statute that the

         2       defendant is required to give or provide this

         3       information?

         4                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I'm sorry.

         5                      SENATOR ABATE:  I'm sorry.  Is

         6       there anything in the statute that compels the

         7       defendant to give this information?

         8                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  No, no, nothing

         9       that compels them other than what existing law

        10       provides for already.  I don't know how we could

        11       go beyond what existing law indicates.  You

        12       know, I was disturbed by the previous question,

        13       I'd like to, in answering your question use it

        14       as a vehicle to do so, when we talked about

        15       abuse.

        16                      You may have heard about this

        17       terrible tragedy recently uncovered where 30

        18       young women from Thailand were smuggled into

        19       this country, the idea, of course, of their

        20       being here and benefiting as immigrants, but

        21       when they got here, they were put into slavery

        22       as prostitutes.  They were told they had to have

        23       sex at least 400 times before they could be











                                                             
6887

         1       released.

         2                      Now, here's the part of the story

         3       I'd like to read to you.  It says, The brothel

         4       was discovered when one of the alleged captives

         5       told investigators from the Mayor's Task Force

         6       on Midtown Enforcement that she was being held

         7       against her will.  A three-month investigation

         8       followed, involving INS agents, officers from

         9       the Police Department's Public Morals Division

        10       and Downtown Manhattan 5th Police Precinct.

        11                      That is an example of what we

        12       want to see done.  If INS hadn't been involved

        13        -- and the whole story here goes into great

        14       detail how they then determine who the people

        15       were who were also illegal immigrants who are

        16       running this, operating this venture, and so on,

        17       and so on.  So these -- these situations become

        18       very involved, very, very convoluted, but there

        19       has to be a starting point.

        20                      The starting point here was

        21       contacting INS after the local police were given

        22       information by one of the victims.

        23                      SENATOR ABATE:  There's just one











                                                             
6888

         1       other question that I have.  You may not be

         2       aware, but there is a practice in certain cases

         3       by the police, I mean obviously we need to

         4       ensure speedy arraignments, and the arraignment

         5       time does not begin, that someone has to be,

         6       under the law, arraigned within 24 hours of the

         7       arrest, but sometimes the police -- and I'm

         8       afraid there could be abuse here and you may -

         9       we may need to refine this down the road or, if

        10       you amend this, is that this should not delay

        11       the speedy arraignment because I would not like

        12       to see as an excuse that someone is arrested and

        13       then the police say they have to continue to

        14       investigate, to keep someone down at central

        15       booking for many, many hours, maybe days, before

        16       they bring them over to arraignment, investigat

        17       ing whether someone is an illegal alien, and

        18       that would be, I think, an abuse of the intent

        19       of this statute.

        20                      Now, do you think this -- the way

        21       it's written -

        22                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  This statute,

        23       in no way, offends, contradicts, subverts,











                                                             
6889

         1       undermines any existing statute such as the ones

         2       you outline.  Nor could it, so it's not a

         3       question of interpretation.  It's a matter of

         4       law.  The requirements you properly articulated

         5       remain in law and are not at all affected by

         6       this required procedure involving federal

         7       notification.

         8                      SENATOR ABATE:  May I suggest, if

         9       this bill is ever amended, that there would be

        10       language that would say that no defendant for

        11       the purposes of investigation should be

        12       unnecessarily detained in order to get this

        13       information, and I think that's very important

        14       to be included in the legislation.

        15                      I ask you, Senator, to maybe

        16       consider that, if this does not pass, become law

        17       this year.

        18                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  I'm not

        19       quarreling with you; I'm just saying it's

        20       already law, but keep one thing in mind.  If,

        21       after notification to a federal authority, it's

        22       determined that person is here illegally, then

        23       the federal law is kicked in automatically in











                                                             
6890

         1       terms of detention which, as you remember the

         2       story I told you earlier about the policeman

         3       that was killed, if that had taken place he

         4       wouldn't have been killed, so I think we have to

         5       be careful when we deal with that issue but, to

         6       restate existing law, I have no problem with it

         7       except that I'd want to make it clear that this

         8       does not in any way violate existing law.

         9                      SENATOR ABATE:  Maybe, let me

        10       just clarify.  What happens now is the police

        11       will say, we did not make an arrest at 1100

        12       hours because we were still investigating.  We

        13       made the arrest later, so the clock does not run

        14       on the 24 hours, and I would hate to see that,

        15       as the officers are doing their continuing

        16       investigation, the arrest occur much later,

        17       maybe days later, when people are necessarily

        18       helped for long periods of time.

        19                      SENATOR PADAVAN:  Mr. President,

        20       to answer your question.  If you read the bill,

        21       everything required here takes place after the

        22       arrest, so the clock is ticking.

        23                      SENATOR ABATE:  That's -- O. K.











                                                             
6891

         1       Thank you very much.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Secretary

         3       will read the last section.

         4                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         5       act shall take effect on the 30th day.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Call the

         7       roll.

         8                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Announce

        10       the results when tabulated.

        11                      THE SECRETARY:  Those recorded in

        12       the negative on Calendar 884 are Senators

        13       Connor, Gold, Paterson, Smith and Waldon.  Ayes

        14        -- also Senator Mendez.  Ayes 43, nays 6.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        16       is passed.

        17                      Senator Abate, why do you rise?

        18                      SENATOR ABATE:  Yes.  I'd like to

        19       be recorded -- I ask for unanimous consent to be

        20       recorded in the negative on Calendar 700.

        21                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        22       objection.  Hearing no objection -

        23                      SENATOR GOLD:  Mr. President.











                                                             
6892

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  -

         2       Senator Abate will be recorded in the negative

         3       on Calendar Number 700.

         4                      Senator Gold, why do you rise?

         5                      SENATOR GOLD:  Yes.  I got

         6       confused on the last bill because of the

         7       sponsorship.  Could I be recorded in the

         8       affirmative, please.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        10       Gold will be recorded in the affirmative on the

        11       last calendar calling, on Calendar Number 884.

        12                      Senator Paterson, why do you

        13       rise?

        14                      SENATOR PATERSON:  Mr. President,

        15       the house just passed Number 884.  Senator

        16       Santiago, who was excused today due to the

        17       unfortunate illness of her son and will not be

        18       back with us for about ten days -- and we extend

        19       our best wishes to Senator Santiago and her

        20       entire family for the speedy recovery for her

        21       son -- but I just wanted to explain why she will

        22       explain why she would have voted in the negative

        23       on Calendar Number 884.  Just want to make a











                                                             
6893

         1       record of that.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  All

         3       right.  We will make a record of that.  We'll

         4       look forward to her comments when she returns.

         5       Our best wishes to her son.

         6                      Senator Libous.

         7                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Would you call

         8       on Senator Holland, please.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL: Senator

        10       Holland.

        11                      SENATOR HOLLAND: Yes, I would

        12       request that the sponsor's star be removed from

        13       Calendar Number 727.

        14                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Sponsor's

        15       star will be removed from Calendar Number 727 at

        16       the request of the sponsor.

        17                      Senator Libous.

        18                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Would you please

        19       bring up Calendar Number 1027.

        20                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Secretary

        21       will read the title of Calendar Number 1027.

        22                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar Number

        23       1027, by Senator Sears, Senate Print Number











                                                             
6894

         1       3331, an act in relation to authorizing the town

         2       of Lee, county of Oneida, to lease certain park

         3       lands.

         4                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Secretary

         5       will read the last section.

         6                      THE SECRETARY:  Section 2.  This

         7       act shall take effect immediately.

         8                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  There is

         9       a home rule message at the desk.  Call the

        10       roll.

        11                      (The Secretary called the roll. )

        12                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49.

        13                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  The bill

        14       is passed.

        15                      Senator Libous.

        16                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Mr. President,

        17       is there a Rules report at the desk?

        18                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

        19       Libous, I'm informed by the Secretary there is.

        20                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Could we have it

        21       read, please.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Would you

        23       like it read?  We'll return to reports of











                                                             
6895

         1       standing committees.  Secretary will read the

         2       Rules report at the desk.

         3                      THE SECRETARY:  Senator Bruno,

         4       from the Committee on Rules, reports the

         5       following bills:

         6                      Senate Print 2678, by Senator

         7       Rath, an act to amend the General Business Law,

         8       in relation to hotel rooms;

         9                      1218, by Senator Present, an act

        10       to amend the General Municipal Law, in relation

        11       to municipal contingency and tax stabilization

        12       reserve funds;

        13                      1354, by Senator Sears, an act to

        14       amend the General Business Law, in relation to

        15       barring discriminatory practices by consumer

        16       reporting agencies;

        17                      2210, by Senator Skelos, Senate

        18        -- an act to amend the Tax Law, in relation to

        19       exempting from sales and use taxes receipts from

        20       sales of photocopies;

        21                      2365, by Senator Volker, an act

        22       to establish a moratorium on requiring any

        23       disconnection from the Letchworth State Park











                                                             
6896

         1       water line;

         2                      2561, by Senator Leibell, an act

         3       to amend the Tax Law, in relation to restoring

         4       the former corporate tax procedure for refunding

         5       overpayments of tax;

         6                      2664, by Senator Velella, an act

         7       to amend the General Business Law, in relation

         8       to price gouging;

         9                      3077, by Senator Kuhl, an act to

        10       amend the Environmental Conservation Law, in

        11       relation to permitting the discharge of a fire

        12       arm for the purpose of killing certain rabid

        13       animals;

        14                      3119, by Senator Kuhl, an act to

        15       amend the Environmental Conservation Law, in

        16       relation to the definition of angling;

        17                      3133, by Senator Johnson, an act

        18       to amend the General Business Law, in relation

        19       to limitations to certain contracts involving

        20       social referral services;

        21                      3989, by Senator Stafford, an act

        22       to amend the Tax Law, in relation to

        23       investigating lottery sales agents and











                                                             
6897

         1       applicants for lottery sales agent licenses;

         2                      4796, by Senator Rath, an act to

         3       incorporate the Voluntary and Exempt

         4       Firefighters Benevolent Association of the city

         5       of Tonawanda, Incorporated;

         6                      5069, by Senator Present, an act

         7       authorizing the county of Chautauqua to

         8       discontinue for reforestation purposes the use

         9       of certain lands;

        10                      5179, by the Committee on Rules,

        11       an act to amend Chapter 590 of the Laws of 1993,

        12       amending the Public Authorities Law;

        13                      And 5197, by Senator Nozzolio, an

        14       act to amend the Penal Law, in relation to

        15       adjudication of an unlawful escape for -- by a

        16       person under 16 years of age.

        17                      All bills ordered directly for

        18       third reading.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Without

        20       objection, all bills reported directly to third

        21       reading.

        22                      Senator Libous.

        23                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Mr. President, I











                                                             
6898

         1       move to accept the Rules report.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Motion is

         3       to accept the Rules report.

         4                      All those in favor signify by

         5       saying aye.

         6                      (Response of "Aye.")

         7                      Opposed nay.

         8                      (There was no response. )

         9                      The Rules report is accepted.

        10       Bills reported directly to third reading.

        11                      Senator Libous.

        12                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Mr. President,

        13       is there any housekeeping?

        14                      I believe Senator Marchi maybe.

        15                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Chair

        16       recognizes Senator Marchi.

        17                      SENATOR MARCHI:  Thank you, Mr.

        18       President.

        19                      I wish to call up my bill Print

        20       772 recalled from the Assembly which is now at

        21       the desk.

        22                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Secretary

        23       will read the title.











                                                             
6899

         1                      THE SECRETARY:  Calendar 770, by

         2       Senator Marchi, Senate Print 74, an act to amend

         3       the Real Property Law, in relation to modifying

         4       the real estate continuing education

         5       requirement.

         6                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Senator

         7       Marchi.

         8                      SENATOR MARCHI:  I now offer the

         9       following amendments, Mr. President.

        10                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Do you

        11       want to reconsider the vote by which that bill

        12       passed the house, Senator? Motion is to

        13       reconsider the vote by which the bill passed the

        14       house.  Secretary will call the roll on

        15       reconsideration.

        16                      (The Secretary called the roll on

        17       reconsideration. )

        18                      THE SECRETARY:  Ayes 49.

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  Bill is

        20       before the house.

        21                      Senator Marchi.  Want to offer up

        22       the amendments?

        23                      SENATOR MARCHI:  I offer the











                                                             
6900

         1       amendments.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

         3       Amendments are received and adopted.

         4                      Chair recognizes Senator Marchi.

         5                      SENATOR MARCHI:  On page number

         6       33, Calendar Number 860, Print Number 3499, I

         7       offer the following amendments and ask that it

         8       retain its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

        10       Amendments received and adopted.  The bill will

        11       retain its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

        12                      Senator Marchi.

        13                      SENATOR MARCHI:  And on page 28,

        14       I offer the following amendments to Calendar

        15       Number 779, Senate 4853, and ask that said bill

        16       retain its place on the Third Reading Calendar.

        17                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:

        18       Amendments to Third Reading 779 received and

        19       adopted.  Bill will retain its place on the

        20       Third Reading Calendar.

        21                      Senator Libous.

        22                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Mr. President,

        23       is there any other housekeeping?











                                                             
6901

         1                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  That

         2       completes the housekeeping, Senator Libous.

         3                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Mr. President, I

         4       have a couple of announcements.

         5                      There will be a Majority

         6       Conference at 2:00 p.m. in Room 332 and, there

         7       being no further business, Mr. President, the

         8       Senate will be at ease until 2:30.

         9                      ACTING PRESIDENT KUHL:  There

        10       will be a Majority Conference in the Majority

        11       Conference Room at 2:00 p.m. Senator DiCarlo

        12       will not be taking attendance.

        13                      Senate will stand in recess until

        14       2:30.

        15                      (Whereupon at 12:10 p.m., the

        16       Senate recessed until 2:30 p.m.)

        17                      (The Senate reconvened at 2:50

        18       p.m.)

        19                      ACTING PRESIDENT NOZZOLIO:

        20       Senator Libous.

        21                      SENATOR LIBOUS:  Mr. President,

        22       there being no further business, I move that we

        23       adjourn until Tuesday, May 30th, at 3:00 p.m.,











                                                             
6902

         1       intervening days to be legislative days.

         2                      ACTING PRESIDENT NOZZOLIO:

         3       Adjourned until Tuesday, May 30th, at 3:00 p.m.

         4                      (Whereupon, at 2:51 p.m., the

         5       Senate adjourned.)

         6

         7

         8

         9

        10