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The legislature finds further that the recycling of waste materials
decreases waste flow to municipal solid waste facilities and out-of-
state disposal sites, recovers valuable resources, conserves energy in
the manufacturing process, and offers a supply of domestic raw materials
for the state's industries; that economically viable municipal recycling
programs are necessary to achieve the maximum practicable recovery of
reusable materials from solid waste in this state.
In seeking to reduce litter and to increase recycling, the legislature
finds that the continuation or expansion of the current bottle deposit
program would be costly, inconvenient, and inefficient especially in
relation to more recent, comprehensive programs like curbside recycling.
Mandatory source separation or curbside recycling has been the law in
this state for decades. Having duplicate recycling programs raises costs
to consumers and municipalities, complicates recycling efforts and
deprives communities of valuable commodities that would offset ever
increasing recycling program costs.
The legislature finds that increasing our investment in comprehensive
recycling and litter control programs will address more consumer
containers and packaging than just the minimal amount (less than 2.5% of
the waste stream) targeted by the current bottle deposit law and its
proposed expansion. Further, these new investments will provide signif-
icant benefits to the environment without burdening and confusing
consumers and inflicting storage, economic and sanitation problems on
grocery stores.
S 2. This act shall be known and may be cited as the "recycling for
communities act".
S 3. The tax law is amended by adding a new article 28-C to read as
follows:
ARTICLE 28-C
RECYCLING FOR COMMUNITIES ACT
SECTION 1180. DEFINITIONS.
1181. RECYCLING AND LITTER CONTROL FEE.
1182. USE OF FEES AND SURCHARGES.
1183. RULES AND REGULATIONS.
S 1180. DEFINITIONS. FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ARTICLE, THE FOLLOWING
WORDS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
1. "LITTER" SHALL MEAN ANY USED OR UNCONSUMED SUBSTANCE OR WASTE MATE-
RIAL WHICH HAS BEEN DISCARDED, WHETHER MADE OF ALUMINUM, GLASS, PLASTIC,
RUBBER, PAPER, OR OTHER NATURAL OR SYNTHETIC MATERIAL, OR ANY COMBINA-
TION THEREOF, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY BOTTLE, JAR OR CAN, OR
ANY TOP, CAP OR DETACHABLE TAB OF ANY BOTTLE, JAR OR CAN, ANY UNLIT
CIGARETTE, CIGAR, MATCH OR ANY FLAMING OR GLOWING MATERIAL OR ANY
GARBAGE, TRASH, REFUSE, DEBRIS, RUBBISH, GRASS CLIPPINGS OR OTHER LAWN
OR GARDEN WASTE, NEWSPAPERS, MAGAZINES, GLASS, METAL, PLASTIC OR PAPER
CONTAINERS OR OTHER PACKAGING OR CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, BUT DOES NOT
INCLUDE THE WASTE OF THE PRIMARY PROCESSES OF MINING OR OTHER EXTRACTION
PROCESSES, LOGGING, SAWMILLING, FARMING OR MANUFACTURING.
2. A. "RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS" SHALL MEAN ANY GOODS
THAT ARE:
(I) PRODUCED, MANUFACTURED, DISTRIBUTED, OR SOLD IN DISPOSABLE
CONTAINERS, WRAPPERS, OR OTHER PACKAGING;
(II) NOT NORMALLY SOLD IN CONTAINERS, WRAPPERS, OR OTHER PACKAGING BUT
ARE COMMONLY DISCARDED IN PUBLIC PLACES; OR
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(III) OF AN UNSIGHTLY OR UNSANITARY NATURE AND ARE COMMONLY DISCARDED
IN PUBLIC PLACES.
B. RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
(I) ANY BEVERAGE PRODUCT, WHETHER CARBONATED OR NON-CARBONATED, AND
WHETHER ALCOHOLIC OR NON-ALCOHOLIC, INCLUDING BOTTLED WATER AND DAIRY
PRODUCTS;
(II) CIGARETTES AND OTHER TOBACCO PRODUCTS;
(III) CLEANING AGENTS AND TOILETRIES;
(IV) ANY FOOD PRODUCT EXCEPT FRESH PRODUCE, WHETHER INTENDED FOR HUMAN
OR ANIMAL CONSUMPTION;
(V) GLASS CONTAINERS, SOLD AS SUCH;
(VI) GROCERIES;
(VII) METAL CONTAINERS, SOLD AS SUCH;
(VIII) NEWSPRINT AND MAGAZINE PAPER STOCK;
(IX) PAPER PRODUCTS AND HOUSEHOLD PAPER ITEMS, BUT NOT INCLUDING WOOD
PULP OR ROLL STOCK PRODUCED BY PAPER PRODUCT MANUFACTURERS;
(X) PLASTIC OR FIBER CONTAINERS MADE OF SYNTHETIC MATERIAL, SOLD AS
SUCH, BUT NOT INCLUDING ANY CONTAINER THAT IS ROUTINELY REUSED, HAS A
USEFUL LIFE OF MORE THAN ONE YEAR, AND IS ORDINARILY SOLD EMPTY AT
RETAIL.
C. RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS SHALL NOT INCLUDE THE
FOLLOWING:
(I) ANY PRESCRIPTION OR NON-PRESCRIPTION DRUG;
(II) WOOD PULP OR ROLL STOCK PRODUCED BY A PAPER PRODUCT MANUFACTURER;
(III) CONTAINERS MADE FROM SYNTHETIC MATERIALS THAT ARE INTENDED TO BE
REUSABLE, HAVE A USEFUL LIFE OF MORE THAN ONE YEAR, AND ARE ORDINARILY
SOLD EMPTY.
3. "BEVERAGE PRODUCT" SHALL MEAN ANY PRODUCT THAT IS IN LIQUID FORM
AND IS SUITABLE FOR DRINKING. BEVERAGE PRODUCT SHALL INCLUDE ALL CARBO-
NATED PRODUCTS, NON-CARBONATED PRODUCTS, ALCOHOLIC PRODUCTS, NON-ALCO-
HOLIC PRODUCTS, DAIRY PRODUCTS, AND BOTTLED WATER.
4. "LITTER RECEPTACLE" SHALL MEAN A CONTAINER SUITABLE FOR THE DEPOS-
ITING OF LITTER.
5. "SOLD WITHIN THE STATE" OR "SALES WITHIN THE STATE" SHALL MEAN ALL
SALES OF RETAILERS ENGAGED IN BUSINESS WITHIN THE STATE AND, IN THE CASE
OF MANUFACTURERS, WHOLESALERS AND DISTRIBUTORS, ALL SALES OF PRODUCTS
FOR USE AND CONSUMPTION WITHIN THE STATE. IT SHALL BE PRESUMED THAT ALL
SALES OF MANUFACTURERS, WHOLESALERS AND DISTRIBUTORS SOLD WITHIN THE
STATE ARE FOR USE AND CONSUMPTION WITHIN THE STATE UNLESS IT IS DETER-
MINED BY THE DIRECTOR THAT THE PRODUCTS ARE SHIPPED OUT OF STATE FOR
OUT-OF-STATE USE.
S 1181. RECYCLING AND LITTER CONTROL FEE. 1. A. A USER FEE OF THREE
ONE-HUNDREDTHS OF ONE PERCENT IS IMPOSED UPON THE SALES OF BEVERAGE
PRODUCTS IN THIS STATE BY ANY MANUFACTURER, WHOLESALER, OR DISTRIBUTOR.
B. IN ADDITION TO THE USER FEE IMPOSED BY PARAGRAPH A OF THIS SUBDIVI-
SION, A USER FEE SURCHARGE OF THREE ONE-HUNDREDTHS OF ONE PERCENT IS
IMPOSED UPON THE SALES OF BEVERAGE PRODUCTS IN THIS STATE BY ANY
MANUFACTURER, WHOLESALER, OR DISTRIBUTOR.
2. A USER FEE OF THREE ONE-HUNDREDTHS OF ONE PERCENT IS IMPOSED UPON
THE SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS, OTHER THAN BEVER-
AGE PRODUCTS, IN THIS STATE BY ANY MANUFACTURER, WHOLESALER, OR DISTRIB-
UTOR.
3. A USER FEE OF TWO HUNDRED TWENTY-FIVE TEN-THOUSANDTHS OF ONE
PERCENT IS IMPOSED UPON THE SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING
PRODUCTS, INCLUDING BEVERAGE PRODUCTS, IN THIS STATE BY ANY RETAILER.
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4. THE FOLLOWING ARE EXEMPT FROM THE FEES AND SURCHARGES IMPOSED BY
THIS SECTION:
A. SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS FROM ONE MANUFAC-
TURER, WHOLESALER, OR DISTRIBUTOR TO ANOTHER MANUFACTURER, WHOLESALER,
OR DISTRIBUTOR.
B. SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS FROM ONE BUSINESS
ENTITY TO ANOTHER BUSINESS ENTITY WHERE BOTH ENTITIES ARE WHOLLY OWNED
BY THE SAME INDIVIDUAL, COMPANY, CORPORATION, OR PARTNERSHIP.
C. SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS BY RETAILERS
WHOSE RECEIPTS ARE LESS THAN FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS ANNUALLY.
D. SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERATING PRODUCTS BY RESTAURANTS
WHERE LESS THAN TEN PERCENT OF SUCH SALES ARE CONSUMED OFF-PREMISES.
S 1182. USE OF FEES AND SURCHARGES. 1. ALL FEES AND SURCHARGES
COLLECTED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE THROUGH AND INCLUD-
ING SEPTEMBER FIFTEENTH, TWO THOUSAND TEN SHALL BE DEPOSITED INTO THE
RECYCLING FOR COMMUNITIES ACT TRANSITION FUND ESTABLISHED BY SECTION
EIGHTY-SIX OF THE STATE FINANCE LAW.
2. ALL FEES AND SURCHARGES COLLECTED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF
THIS ARTICLE AFTER SEPTEMBER FIFTEENTH, TWO THOUSAND TEN SHALL BE DEPOS-
ITED INTO THE RECYCLING FOR COMMUNITIES ACT FUND ESTABLISHED BY SECTION
EIGHTY-SEVEN OF THE STATE FINANCE LAW.
S 1183. RULES AND REGULATIONS. THE COMMISSIONER SHALL PROMULGATE ALL
RULES AND REGULATIONS NECESSARY FOR THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.
S 4. The state finance law is amended by adding two new sections 86
and 87 to read as follows:
S 86. RECYCLING FOR COMMUNITIES ACT TRANSITION FUND. 1. THERE IS HERE-
BY ESTABLISHED IN THE JOINT CUSTODY OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER AND THE
COMMISSIONER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION A FUND TO BE KNOWN AS THE
"RECYCLING FOR COMMUNITIES ACT TRANSITION FUND".
2. THE FUND SHALL CONSIST OF ALL MONEYS RECEIVED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE
TWENTY-EIGHT-C OF THE TAX LAW ON SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERAT-
ING PRODUCTS MADE ON OR PRIOR TO SEPTEMBER FIFTEENTH, TWO THOUSAND
EIGHT. THE FUND SHALL ALSO INCLUDE ALL MONIES APPROPRIATED TO THE
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION FOR ITS PURPOSE, AND ALL MONIES
REQUIRED BY ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW TO BE PAID INTO OR CREDITED TO
SUCH FUND.
3. MONEYS OF THE FUND SHALL BE EXPENDED TO PURCHASE EQUIPMENT, LITTER
RECEPTACLES OR BINS, TO MODIFY EQUIPMENT, TO PROVIDE OUTREACH AND EDUCA-
TIONAL SERVICES TO THE COMMUNITY, TO PROVIDE CONSULTING SERVICES TO AID
IN MODIFYING PROGRAMS TO ACCOMMODATE FORMER DEPOSIT CONTAINERS, AND ANY
OTHER RELATED EXPENSE APPROVED BY THE COMMISSIONER OF ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION. THE COMMISSIONER MAY BEGIN MAKING DISBURSEMENTS FROM THE
FUND ON APRIL FIRST, TWO THOUSAND TEN AND SHALL ENSURE THAT ALL MONEYS
OF THE FUND ARE APPROPRIATED ON OR BEFORE JUNE THIRTIETH, TWO THOUSAND
ELEVEN.
4. MONEYS SHALL BE PAID OUT OF THE FUND ON THE AUDIT AND WARRANT OF
THE STATE COMPTROLLER ON VOUCHERS CERTIFIED OR APPROVED BY THE COMMIS-
SIONER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION OR HIS OR HER DESIGNEE IN THE
MANNER PRESCRIBED BY LAW.
S 87. RECYCLING FOR COMMUNITIES ACT FUND. 1. THERE IS HEREBY ESTAB-
LISHED IN THE JOINT CUSTODY OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER AND THE COMMISSION-
ER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION A FUND TO BE KNOWN AS THE "RECYCLING
FOR COMMUNITIES ACT FUND".
2. THE FUND SHALL CONSIST OF ALL MONEYS RECEIVED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE
TWENTY-EIGHT-C OF THE TAX LAW ON SALES OF RECYCLABLE OR LITTER-GENERAT-
A. 3023 5
ING PRODUCTS MADE AFTER SEPTEMBER FIFTEENTH, TWO THOUSAND TEN. THE FUND
SHALL ALSO INCLUDE ALL MONIES APPROPRIATED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRON-
MENTAL CONSERVATION FOR ITS PURPOSE, AND ALL MONIES REQUIRED BY ANY
OTHER PROVISION OF LAW TO BE PAID INTO OR CREDITED TO SUCH FUND.
3. MONEYS OF THE FUND SHALL BE EXPENDED AS FOLLOWS:
A. SIXTY-FIVE PERCENT OF THE MONEYS OF THE FUND SHALL BE USED FOR THE
SUPPORT AND MAINTENANCE OF MUNICIPAL RECYCLING PROJECTS UNDER TITLE
SEVEN OF ARTICLE FIFTY-FOUR OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION LAW. OF
THESE MONEYS, FIFTY PERCENT SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED TO COMMUNITIES IN
PROPORTION WITH THE POPULATION OF THE COMMUNITIES AND THE OTHER FIFTY
PERCENT SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED IN PROPORTION TO THE TONS OF MUNICIPAL
WASTE BEING RECYCLED BY EACH COMMUNITY RESPECTIVELY.
B. FIVE PERCENT OF THE MONEYS OF THE FUND SHALL BE USED FOR RECYCLING
MARKET DEVELOPMENT, AS PROVIDED IN TITLE FOUR OF ARTICLE TWENTY-SEVEN OF
THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION LAW.
C. THIRTY PERCENT OF THE MONEYS OF THE FUND SHALL BE USED FOR LITTER
PREVENTION AND CONTROL PROGRAMS. OF THESE MONEYS, ONE-SIXTH SHALL BE
USED TOWARD STATEWIDE PROGRAMS FOR PUBLIC OUTREACH AND EDUCATION AND
FIVE-SIXTHS SHALL BE USED TOWARD COMMUNITY BASED PROGRAMS. OF THE MONEYS
USED TOWARD COMMUNITY PROGRAMS, ONE-THIRD SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED IN
PROPORTION TO THE POPULATION OF COMMUNITIES, ONE-THIRD SHALL BE DISTRIB-
UTED IN PROPORTION TO THE TOTAL LINEAL ROAD AND BEACH MILEAGE OF EACH
COMMUNITY, AND ONE-THIRD SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED IN PROPORTION TO THE
AMOUNT OF LITTER COLLECTED BY EACH COMMUNITY.
4. MONEYS SHALL BE PAID OUT OF THE FUND ON THE AUDIT AND WARRANT OF
THE STATE COMPTROLLER ON VOUCHERS CERTIFIED OR APPROVED BY THE COMMIS-
SIONER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION OR HIS OR HER DESIGNEE IN THE
MANNER PRESCRIBED BY LAW.
S 5. Title 10 of article 27 of the environmental conservation law is
REPEALED.
S 6. The environmental conservation law is amended by adding a new
section 27-0111 to read as follows:
S 27-0111. BEVERAGE CONTAINER REQUIREMENTS.
1. NO DISTRIBUTOR OR DEALER SHALL SELL OR OFFER FOR SALE, AT WHOLESALE
OR RETAIL IN THIS STATE, ANY METAL BEVERAGE CONTAINER DESIGNED AND
CONSTRUCTED WITH A PART OF THE CONTAINER WHICH IS DETACHABLE IN OPENING
THE CONTAINER UNLESS SUCH DETACHABLE PART WILL DECOMPOSE BY PHOTODEGRA-
DATION OR BIODEGRADATION.
2. NO DISTRIBUTOR OR DEALER SHALL SELL OR OFFER FOR SALE IN THIS STATE
BEVERAGE CONTAINERS CONNECTED TO EACH OTHER BY A SEPARATE HOLDING DEVICE
CONSTRUCTED OF PLASTIC WHICH DOES NOT DECOMPOSE BY PHOTODEGRADATION OR
BIODEGRADATION.
S 7. Subdivision 2-a of section 100 of the alcoholic beverage control
law, as amended by chapter 249 of the laws of 2002, is amended to read
as follows:
2-a. No retailer shall employ, or permit to be employed, or shall
suffer to work, on any premises licensed for retail sale hereunder, any
person under the age of eighteen years, as a hostess, waitress, waiter,
or in any other capacity where the duties of such person require or
permit such person to sell, dispense or handle alcoholic beverages;
except that: (1) any person under the age of eighteen years and employed
by any person holding a grocery or drug store beer license shall be
permitted to handle and deliver beer and wine products for such licen-
see, (2) any person under the age of eighteen employed as a cashier by a
person holding a grocery or drug store beer license shall be permitted
to record and receive payment for beer and wine product sales when in
A. 3023 6
the presence of and under the direct supervision of a person eighteen
years of age or over, [(2-a) any person under the age of eighteen years
and employed by a person holding a grocery store or drug store beer
license as either a cashier or in any other position to which handling
of containers which may have held alcoholic beverages is necessary,
shall be permitted to handle the containers if such have been presented
for redemption in accordance with the provisions of title ten of article
twenty-seven of the environmental conservation law,] and (3) any person
under the age of eighteen years employed as a dishwasher, busboy, or
other such position as to which handling of containers which may have
held alcoholic beverages is necessary shall be permitted to do so under
the direct supervision of a person of legal age to purchase alcoholic
beverages in the state.
S 8. Subdivision b of section 16-505 of the administrative code of the
city of New York, as added by local law number 42 of the city of New
York for the year 1996, is amended to read as follows:
b. It shall be unlawful for any person to remove, collect or dispose
of trade waste that is generated in the course of operation of such
person's business, or to operate as a trade waste broker, without first
having registered with the commission. Nothing in this subdivision shall
be construed to require registration with the commission of (i) a
commercial establishment required to provide for the removal of waste
pursuant to section 16-116 of this code in order for such establishment
to remove recyclable materials generated in the course of its own busi-
ness to a location owned or leased by such establishment for the purpose
of collecting or storing such materials for sale or further distrib-
ution; OR (ii) an owner or managing agent of a building in order to
remove recyclable materials generated by commercial tenants within such
building to a central location within such building for the purpose of
collecting or storing such materials for sale or further distribution[;
or (iii) an owner of an establishment required to provide for the
removal of waste pursuant to section 16-116 of this code in order to
transport beverage containers, as such term is defined in section
27-1003 of the environmental conservation law, or any other recyclable
material generated in the course of operation of its own business, to a
redemption center, as such term is defined in section 27-1003 of such
law, or to any other place where payment will be received by the commer-
cial establishment for such materials]. Notwithstanding any other
provision of this subdivision, a business granted an exemption from the
requirement for a license pursuant to subdivision a of this section
shall be thereupon issued a registration pursuant to this subdivision.
S 9. Subchapter 10 of chapter 5 of title 20 of the administrative code
of the city of New York is REPEALED.
S 10. This act shall take effect immediately, provided, however that:
a. subdivision 1 of section 1181 of the tax law, as added by section
three of this act, shall take effect immediately and shall apply to
sales of beverage products made by a manufacturer, wholesaler, or
distributor on or after January 1, 2009; the payment of any fees and
surcharges incurred on or prior to June 30, 2009 shall be paid by
September 15, 2009; the payment of any fees and surcharges incurred
after June 30, 2009 but prior to January 1, 2010 shall be paid by March
15, 2010; the payment of any fees and surcharges incurred on or after
January 1, 2010 but prior to June 30, 2010 shall be paid by September
15, 2010; the payment of any fees and surcharges incurred on or after
June 30, 2010 but prior to January 1, 2011 shall be paid by March 15,
A. 3023 7
2010; the payment of any fees incurred on or after January 1, 2011 shall
be paid annually on March 15 of the following year;
b. subdivisions 2 and 3 of section 1181 of the tax law, as added by
section three of this act, shall take effect January 1, 2010; the
payment of any fees incurred on or prior to June 30, 2010 shall be paid
by September 15, 2010; the payment of any fees incurred after June 30,
2010 but prior to January 1, 2011 shall be paid by March 15, 2011; the
payment of any fees incurred on or after January 1, 2011 shall be paid
annually on March 15 of the following year;
c. paragraph b of subdivision 1 of section 1181 of the tax law, as
added by section three of this act, shall expire December 31, 2010 when
upon such date the provisions of such paragraph shall be deemed
repealed; and
d. section five of this act shall take effect January 1, 2011, except
that containers otherwise returnable under title 10 of article 27 of the
environmental conservation law shall be accepted by any dealer or
redemption center from a redeemer and accepted by any distributor from a
dealer or redemption center for up to 60 days after such effective date.
All redemptions during the 60 day period are subject to the same terms
and conditions described for redemption in title 10 of article 27 of the
environmental conservation law.