S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
2038
2009-2010 Regular Sessions
I N S E N A T E
February 11, 2009
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Introduced by Sen. DeFRANCISCO -- read twice and ordered printed, and
when printed to be committed to the Committee on Judiciary
AN ACT to amend the estates, powers and trusts law, in relation to the
disposition of property when persons die simultaneously and to repeal
section 2-1.6 of such law relating thereto
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Section 2-1.6 of the estates, powers and trusts law is
REPEALED and a new section 2-1.6 is added to read as follows:
S 2-1.6 DISPOSITION OF PROPERTY WHERE A PERSON DIES WITHIN ONE HUNDRED
TWENTY HOURS OF ANOTHER PERSON OR ANY OTHER EVENT
(A) EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH (B) OF THIS SECTION:
(1) WHERE, UNDER ARTICLES 4 AND 5 OF THIS CHAPTER, THE TITLE TO PROP-
ERTY OR THE DEVOLUTION OF PROPERTY DEPENDS UPON AN INDIVIDUAL'S SURVI-
VORSHIP OF THE DEATH OF ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL, AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS NOT
ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE TO HAVE SURVIVED THE OTHER
INDIVIDUAL BY ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS IS DEEMED TO HAVE PREDECEASED THE
OTHER INDIVIDUAL.
(2) FOR PURPOSES OF A PROVISION OF A GOVERNING INSTRUMENT THAT RELATES
TO AN INDIVIDUAL SURVIVING AN EVENT, INCLUDING THE DEATH OF ANOTHER
INDIVIDUAL, AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS NOT ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING
EVIDENCE TO HAVE SURVIVED THE EVENT BY ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS IS
DEEMED TO HAVE PREDECEASED THE EVENT.
(3) WHERE A DISPOSITION OF PROPERTY UNDER A GOVERNING INSTRUMENT (I)
DEPENDS UPON THE TIME OF DEATH OF TWO OR MORE BENEFICIARIES DESIGNATED
TO TAKE ALTERNATIVELY BY REASON OF SURVIVING AN EVENT, INCLUDING THE
DEATH OF ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL, AND (II) IT IS NOT ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND
CONVINCING EVIDENCE THAT SUCH BENEFICIARIES HAVE SURVIVED THE EVENT BY
ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS, THE PROPERTY THUS DISPOSED OF SHALL BE DIVIDED
INTO AS MANY EQUAL PORTIONS AS THERE ARE ALTERNATIVE BENEFICIARIES AND
SUCH PORTIONS SHALL BE DISTRIBUTED RESPECTIVELY TO THOSE WHO WOULD HAVE
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD01594-01-9
S. 2038 2
TAKEN THE WHOLE PROPERTY IN THE EVENT THAT THE DESIGNATED BENEFICIARY
THROUGH WHOM THEY TAKE HAD SURVIVED.
(4) WHERE IT IS NOT ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE THAT
ONE OF TWO CO-OWNERS WITH RIGHT OF SURVIVORSHIP SURVIVED THE OTHER
CO-OWNER BY ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS, ONE-HALF OF THE PROPERTY PASSES AS
IF ONE HAD SURVIVED BY ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS AND ONE-HALF AS IF THE
OTHER HAD SURVIVED BY ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS. WHERE THERE ARE MORE
THAN TWO CO-OWNERS AND IT IS NOT ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING
EVIDENCE THAT AT LEAST ONE OF THEM SURVIVED THE OTHERS BY ONE HUNDRED
TWENTY HOURS, THE PROPERTY PASSES IN THE PROPORTION THAT ONE BEARS TO
THE WHOLE NUMBER OF CO-OWNERS.
(B) THE SURVIVAL REQUIREMENTS OF PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SECTION SHALL
NOT APPLY IF:
(1) THE GOVERNING INSTRUMENT CONTAINS LANGUAGE DEALING EXPLICITLY WITH
SIMULTANEOUS DEATHS OR DEATHS IN A COMMON DISASTER AND THAT LANGUAGE IS
OPERABLE UNDER THE FACTS OF THE CASE.
(2) THE GOVERNING INSTRUMENT EXPRESSLY INDICATES THAT AN INDIVIDUAL IS
NOT REQUIRED TO SURVIVE AN EVENT, INCLUDING THE DEATH OF ANOTHER INDI-
VIDUAL, BY ANY SPECIFIED PERIOD OR EXPRESSLY REQUIRES THE INDIVIDUAL TO
SURVIVE THE EVENT FOR A SPECIFIED PERIOD. HOWEVER, SURVIVAL OF THE EVENT
OR THE SPECIFIED PERIOD MUST BE ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING
EVIDENCE.
(3) THE IMPOSITION OF A ONE HUNDRED TWENTY-HOUR REQUIREMENT OF
SURVIVAL WOULD CAUSE A NONVESTED PROPERTY INTEREST OR A POWER OF
APPOINTMENT TO BE INVALID UNDER SECTION 9-1.1 OF THIS CHAPTER. HOWEVER,
SURVIVAL MUST BE ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE.
(4) THE APPLICATION OF A ONE HUNDRED TWENTY-HOUR REQUIREMENT OF
SURVIVAL TO MULTIPLE GOVERNING INSTRUMENTS WOULD RESULT IN AN UNINTENDED
FAILURE OR DUPLICATION OF A DISPOSITION. HOWEVER, SURVIVAL MUST BE
ESTABLISHED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING EVIDENCE.
(5) ITS APPLICATION WOULD RESULT IN A TAKING OF THE INTESTATE ESTATE
BY THE STATE.
(6) THE SURVIVING SPOUSE EXERCISED THE RIGHT OF ELECTION UNDER SECTION
5-1.1-A OF THIS CHAPTER, BUT DIED LESS THAN ONE HUNDRED TWENTY HOURS
AFTER THE DEATH OF THE DECEASED SPOUSE.
(C) FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, "GOVERNING INSTRUMENT" MEANS A DEED,
WILL, TRUST, INSURANCE OR ANNUITY POLICY, BANK ACCOUNT IN TRUST FORM,
SECURITY REGISTRATION IN BENEFICIARY FORM (TOD), PENSION, PROFIT-SHAR-
ING, RETIREMENT, OR SIMILAR BENEFIT PLAN, INSTRUMENT CREATING OR EXER-
CISING A POWER OF APPOINTMENT OR A POWER OF ATTORNEY, OR A DISPOSITIVE,
APPOINTIVE, OR NOMINATIVE INSTRUMENT OF ANY SIMILAR TYPE.
S 2. This act shall take effect immediately, provided that:
(1) any action or proceeding commenced prior to the effective date of
this act shall not be impaired by this act. If a right is acquired,
extinguished, or barred upon the expiration of a prescribed period of
time that has commenced pursuant to the provisions of any statute prior
to the effective date of this act, such provisions shall remain in force
with respect to such right; and
(2) any rule of construction or presumption provided by this act shall
apply to governing instruments executed, including bank accounts opened,
before the effective date of this act unless there is a clear indication
of a contrary intent.