NY State Senate Bill 2009-S7660

Senate Bill S7660

2009-2010 Legislative Session

Provides for a proposition to be submitted to voters in certain school districts on optional state funding of school district expenses

download bill text pdf

Archive: Last Bill Status - In Senate Committee Education Committee

Introduced
- In Committee Assembly
- In Committee Senate
- On Floor Calendar Assembly
- On Floor Calendar Senate
- Passed Assembly
- Passed Senate
Delivered to Governor
Signed By Governor

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	Assembly Actions - Lowercase Senate Actions - UPPERCASE
Apr 29, 2010	referred to education

2009-S7660 (ACTIVE) - Details

Current Committee:: Senate Education
Law Section:: Education Law
Laws Affected:: Amd §§2022 & 3602, Ed L

2009-S7660 (ACTIVE) - Summary

Relates to school property tax reduction; provides for a proposition to be submitted to voters in certain school districts on optional state funding of school districts; relates to the submission to school district voters of a proposition relating to the imposition of a limitation on the tax levy.

2009-S7660 (ACTIVE) - Sponsor Memo

                                 BILL NUMBER:  S7660

 TITLE OF BILL :
An act to amend the education law, in relation to school property tax
reduction (Part A); and to amend the education law, in relation to the
submission to school district voters of a proposition relating to the
imposition of a limitation on the tax levy (Part B)


 PURPOSE :
This bill to provide school property tax relief to primary homeowners
and provides a mechanism for voter initiated tax limitation
propositions to be placed on specific ballots.

 SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS :
 PART A :
This proposal would authorize voters to take a public vote to
determine if school property taxes on primary residences (STAR
eligible properties only) would be phased out over five years and be
replaced with additional State funding. Districts which enter into
this system would be required to reduce residential real property
taxes on primary homes by 20 percent annually until the tax was
eliminated. Eventually if every school district were under this new
system State funding would fully replace the billions of dollars paid
by homeowners in school taxes.

 PART B :
Authorizes voters to collect signatures on a petition to limit the
change in the local school tax rates. If a sufficient number of
signatures are collected, a proposition would be placed on the ballot
at the next school budget vote. The petition would set the type of
limits on the tax levy. If approved, the limits on increasing the tax
levy would be in effect for one year.

 JUSTIFICATION :
This proposal would empower voters to take a public vote to determine
if school property taxes on primary residences (STAR eligible
properties only) would be phased out over five years and be replaced
with additional State funding. The voter initiated tax limitation
proposition is a proposal that gives voters a greater say in local tax
rates by allowing them to collect signatures to limit the growth in
the local school and municipal tax rates. If a sufficient number of
signatures are collected, a proposition would be place on the ballot
at the next school budget vote. The petition would set the type of
limits on the tax levy. If approved, the limits on increasing the tax
levy would be in effect for one year.

 LEGISLATIVE HISTORY :
S.8522 of 2008: Passed Senate, Died in Assembly.

 FISCAL IMPLICATIONS :
To Be Determined.

 EFFECTIVE DATE :
Immediate.

2009-S7660 (ACTIVE) - Bill Text download pdf

                            
                    S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________

                                  7660

                            I N  S E N A T E

                             April 29, 2010
                               ___________

Introduced  by  Sen. BONACIC -- read twice and ordered printed, and when
  printed to be committed to the Committee on Education

AN ACT to amend the education law, in relation to  school  property  tax
  reduction (Part A); and to amend the education law, in relation to the
  submission  to school district voters of a proposition relating to the
  imposition of a limitation on the tax levy (Part B)

  THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

  Section  1.  This  act enacts into law major components of legislation
which are necessary to enact this chapter of  the  laws  of  2010.  Each
component is wholly contained within a Part identified as Parts A and B.
The  effective  date for each particular provision contained within such
Part is set forth in the last section of such Part. Any provision in any
section contained within a Part, including the  effective  date  of  the
Part,  which  makes a reference to a section "of this act", when used in
connection with that particular component, shall be deemed to  mean  and
refer  to  the  corresponding  section of the Part in which it is found.
Section three of this act sets forth the general effective date of  this
act.

                                 PART A

  Section  1.   Section 2022 of the education law is amended by adding a
new subdivision 7 to read as follows:
  7. A. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, RULE  OR  REGULATION
TO  THE  CONTRARY, IN A COMMON, UNION FREE, CENTRAL, CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL
DISTRICT OR SCHOOL DISTRICT LOCATED IN A  CITY  WITH  GREATER  THAN  ONE
HUNDRED  TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND INHABITANTS, UPON THE FILING OF A PETITION
PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH B OF THIS  SUBDIVISION,  WITH  THE  TRUSTEES,  THE
BOARD  OF  EDUCATION OR THE CHANCELLOR OF A CITY SCHOOL DISTRICT LOCATED
IN A CITY WITH GREATER THAN  ONE  MILLION  INHABITANTS  SHALL  SUBMIT  A
PROPOSITION  FOR  THE  PURPOSE  OF  VOTING  ON  THE  QUESTION "SHALL THE
_________ SCHOOL DISTRICT ENTER INTO THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM OF STATE  FUND-
ING  FOR  SCHOOL  DISTRICT EXPENSES" TO THE QUALIFIED VOTERS OF A SCHOOL

 EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                      [ ] is old law to be omitted.

                                                           LBD16793-01-0

S. 7660                             2

DISTRICT. SUCH VOTE SHALL BE HELD ON THE THIRD TUESDAY IN MAY, PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, THAT SUCH VOTE SHALL BE HELD ON THE SECOND TUESDAY  IN  MAY  IF
THE  COMMISSIONER AT THE REQUEST OF A LOCAL SCHOOL BOARD OR THE CHANCEL-
LOR  IN  THE  CITY  OF NEW YORK CERTIFIES NO LATER THAN MARCH FIRST THAT
SUCH ELECTION WOULD CONFLICT WITH RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES.  IF A  DISTRICT
VOTES  TO  JOIN  THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM THAT VOTE IS BINDING AND MAY NOT BE
ALTERED BY THE DISTRICT OR ITS RESIDENTS.
  B. SUCH PETITION RELATING TO THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM FOR STATE FUNDING  OF
SCHOOL DISTRICT EXPENSES SHALL BE SUBMITTED NO LATER THAN APRIL FIRST OF
THE  SCHOOL YEAR IN WHICH SUCH QUESTION DESCRIBED IN PARAGRAPH A OF THIS
SUBDIVISION SHALL BE CONSIDERED BY THE VOTERS  AND  MUST  BE  SIGNED  BY
TWENTY-FIVE  PERCENT  OF THE NUMBER OF QUALIFIED VOTERS WHO VOTED IN THE
PREVIOUS ANNUAL DISTRICT MEETING OR IN A CITY SCHOOL DISTRICT LOCATED IN
A CITY WITH GREATER THAN ONE HUNDRED TWENTY-FIVE  THOUSAND  INHABITANTS,
TWENTY-FIVE  PERCENT  OF  THE  QUALIFIED  VOTERS  IN  THE  LAST  GENERAL
ELECTION. SUCH NUMBER SHALL BE  DETERMINED  BY  THE  NUMBER  OF  PERSONS
RECORDED  ON  THE  POLL LIST AS HAVING VOTED AT SUCH DISTRICT MEETING IN
THE PRIOR YEAR OR IN A CITY WITH GREATER THAN  ONE  HUNDRED  TWENTY-FIVE
THOUSAND  INHABITANTS  IN THE PREVIOUS GENERAL ELECTION. ANY VALID PETI-
TION CONTAINING A SUFFICIENT NUMBER OF VALID  SIGNATURES  TO  PLACE  THE
QUESTION  DESCRIBED  IN  PARAGRAPH  A  OF THIS SUBDIVISION ON THE BALLOT
SUBMITTED AFTER APRIL FIRST AND BEFORE JULY FIRST SHALL BE VOTED ON  THE
THIRD  TUESDAY  IN  MAY OF THE FOLLOWING SCHOOL YEAR, PROVIDED, HOWEVER,
THAT SUCH VOTE SHALL BE HELD ON THE SECOND TUESDAY IN MAY OF THE FOLLOW-
ING SCHOOL YEAR IF THE COMMISSIONER AT THE REQUEST  OF  A  LOCAL  SCHOOL
BOARD  CERTIFIES  NO  LATER  THAN  MARCH  FIRST THAT SUCH ELECTION WOULD
CONFLICT WITH RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCES.
  S 2. Section 3602 of the education law is  amended  by  adding  a  new
subdivision 40 to read as follows:
  40.  OPTIONAL SYSTEM FOR STATE FUNDING OF SCHOOL DISTRICT EXPENSES. IN
ADDITION TO OTHER APPORTIONMENTS OF AID MADE TO  DISTRICTS  PURSUANT  TO
THIS SECTION, ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENTS SHALL BE MADE TO DISTRICTS WHICH
ELECT TO RECEIVE AID PURSUANT TO THIS SUBDIVISION.
  A. DEFINITIONS. AS USED IN THIS SUBDIVISION:  (1) "PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL
REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY" SHALL BE DEFINED AS THE AGGREGATE PROPERTY TAXES
LEVIED BY A SCHOOL DISTRICT ON A SCHOOL DISTRICT'S STAR ELIGIBLE PROPER-
TIES AS DEFINED BY SECTION FOUR HUNDRED TWENTY-FIVE OF THE REAL PROPERTY
TAX LAW.
  (2)  "BASE  YEAR  PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY" SHALL BE
DEFINED AS THE PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY IN THE  SCHOOL
YEAR  IMMEDIATELY  FOLLOWING THE YEAR IN WHICH THE SCHOOL DISTRICT VOTES
TO ENTER INTO THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM FOR STATE FUNDING OF  SCHOOL  DISTRICT
EXPENSES   PURSUANT   TO  SUBDIVISION  SEVEN  OF  SECTION  TWO  THOUSAND
TWENTY-TWO OF THIS CHAPTER.
  B. TRANSITION PERIOD. (1) A  SCHOOL  DISTRICT  SHALL  CERTIFY  TO  THE
COMMISSIONER  WITHIN THIRTY DAYS OF THE DATE AT WHICH THE VOTE WAS TAKEN
PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION SEVEN OF SECTION TWO THOUSAND TWENTY-TWO OF THIS
CHAPTER WHETHER OR NOT THE QUALIFIED VOTERS OF THE DISTRICT HAVE ELECTED
TO ENTER INTO THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM FOR STATE FUNDING OF  SCHOOL  DISTRICT
EXPENSES.  ONCE  THE  COMMISSIONER  DETERMINES THAT A DISTRICT HAS OPTED
INTO THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM FOR STATE FUNDING OF SCHOOL  DISTRICT  EXPENSES
THE  DISTRICT  SHALL BEGIN RECEIVING AID PURSUANT TO THIS SUBDIVISION IN
THE SCHOOL YEAR WHICH BEGINS ON JULY FIRST IN  THE  SUBSEQUENT  CALENDAR
YEAR.
  (2)  SCHOOL  DISTRICTS  WHICH RECEIVE AID PURSUANT TO THIS SUBDIVISION
SHALL RECEIVE AID PURSUANT TO THE SCHEDULE CONTAINED IN THIS  PARAGRAPH.

S. 7660                             3

SCHOOL  DISTRICTS  SHALL  CONTINUE TO RECEIVE AID PURSUANT TO THIS PARA-
GRAPH AFTER THE PHASE IN PERIOD EQUAL TO ONE HUNDRED PERCENT OF THE BASE
YEAR PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY.
  (3)  DURING  THE FIRST YEAR OF THE TRANSITION PERIOD, SCHOOL DISTRICTS
SHALL RECEIVE AN ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENT EQUAL TO TWENTY PER CENTUM  OF
THE  BASE YEAR PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY. IN ALL SUBSE-
QUENT YEARS OF THE TRANSITION PERIOD, SCHOOL DISTRICTS SHALL RECEIVE  AN
ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENT EQUAL TO THE FOLLOWING SCHEDULE:
                                     PERCENT OF BASE
YEAR                 YEAR PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY
 2                                           40%
 3                                           60%
 4                                           80%
 5                                          100%
  IN  EVERY  YEAR AFTER YEAR FIVE SUCH ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENT SHALL BE
INCREASED ANNUALLY BY A COST OF LIVING  INCREASE.  THE  COST  OF  LIVING
INCREASE  SHALL BE ADDED TO THE ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENT PROVIDED IN THE
PRIOR YEAR. THE COST OF LIVING  INCREASE  SHALL  BE  CALCULATED  AS  THE
PERCENTAGE  INCREASE IN THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR THE PREVIOUS TWELVE
MONTHS AS DETERMINED BY THE COMMISSIONER. SUCH PERCENTAGE INCREASE SHALL
BE MULTIPLIED BY THE PREVIOUS YEAR'S ADDITIONAL  APPORTIONMENT  AND  THE
PRODUCT  SHALL  BE ADDED TO THE PREVIOUS YEAR'S ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENT
TO CALCULATE THE CURRENT YEAR'S ADDITIONAL APPORTIONMENT.
  (4) (I) A PARTICIPATING DISTRICT SHALL REDUCE THE PRIMARY  RESIDENTIAL
REAL  PROPERTY TAX LEVY PURSUANT TO THE SCHEDULE CONTAINED IN THIS PARA-
GRAPH. SCHOOL DISTRICTS OPTING INTO THE OPTIONAL SYSTEM FOR STATE  FUND-
ING  OF  SCHOOL  DISTRICT  EXPENSES  MAY NOT LEVY TAXES IN EXCESS OF THE
REMAINDER OF THE BASE YEAR PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL  PROPERTY  TAX  LEVY
LESS  THE AID PROVIDED IN SUBPARAGRAPH THREE OF THIS PARAGRAPH EXCEPT TO
FUND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A DISTRICT'S CURRENT YEAR  CAPITAL  EXPENSES
LESS THE STATE AID APPORTIONED FOR SUCH PURPOSE.
  (II) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, RULE OR REGULATION TO
THE  CONTRARY,  A  SCHOOL  DISTRICT  WHICH RECEIVES AID PURSUANT TO THIS
SUBDIVISION SHALL BE AUTHORIZED TO SET SEPARATE  TAX  WARRANTS  AND  TAX
RATES FOR THE PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY AND OTHER TAXA-
BLE PROPERTIES.
  (5)  THE  APPORTIONMENT HEREUNDER SHALL NOT BE MADE UNTIL THE ELECTING
SCHOOL DISTRICT HAS CERTIFIED TO THE COMMISSIONER  THAT  THE  DISTRICT'S
PRIMARY  RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR IN WHICH
AID HAS BEEN ACCEPTED PURSUANT TO THIS PARAGRAPH, DOES  NOT  EXCEED  THE
BASE  YEAR PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY AS DEFINED IN THIS
SUBDIVISION LESS THE AID APPORTIONED PURSUANT TO THIS PARAGRAPH.
  C. LOCAL FUNDING SHARE. IN  EACH  CITY  HAVING  A  POPULATION  OF  ONE
HUNDRED  TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND OR MORE INHABITANTS FOR PURPOSES OF CALCU-
LATING THE LOCAL SHARE OF EXPENDITURES, THE AMOUNT OF THE  REDUCTION  IN
THE PRIMARY RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TAX LEVY MADE PURSUANT TO SUBPARA-
GRAPH  FOUR  OF  PARAGRAPH  B  OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE
INCORPORATED IN THE CITY SHARE  OF  EXPENDITURES  FOR  THE  CITY  SCHOOL
DISTRICT.
  D.  STATE FUNDING OF PROGRAM. THE LEGISLATURE SHALL ANNUALLY APPROPRI-
ATE AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO SUPPORT ALL AID PAYMENTS  INCURRED  PURSUANT
TO THIS SUBDIVISION.
  E.  PAYMENT SCHEDULE.  THE COMMISSIONER SHALL DEVELOP A PAYMENT SCHED-
ULE FOR AID PAYMENTS DUE AND PAYABLE PURSUANT TO  THIS  SUBDIVISION  AND
SUCH  SCHEDULE  SHALL  BE  APPROVED BY THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUDGET BEFORE
SUCH PAYMENT SCHEDULE TAKES EFFECT.

S. 7660                             4

  S 3. This act shall take effect immediately.

                                 PART B

  Section  1.  Section  2022 of the education law is amended by adding a
new subdivision 8 to read as follows:
  8. A. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, RULE  OR  REGULATION
TO  THE  CONTRARY, IN A COMMON, UNION FREE, CENTRAL, CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL
DISTRICT OR CITY SCHOOL DISTRICT TO WHICH THIS ARTICLE APPLIES, UPON THE
FILING WITH THE TRUSTEES OR BOARD OF EDUCATION OF A PETITION PURSUANT TO
PARAGRAPH B OF THIS SUBDIVISION REQUESTING SUCH  OFFICERS  TO  SUBMIT  A
PROPOSITION  FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPOSING A LIMITATION ON THE TAX LEVY TO
THE  QUALIFIED  VOTERS  AT  THE  ANNUAL  DISTRICT  MEETING   SIGNED   BY
TWENTY-FIVE  PERCENT  OF THE NUMBER OF QUALIFIED VOTERS WHO VOTED IN THE
PREVIOUS ANNUAL DISTRICT MEETING, SAID NUMBER TO BE  DETERMINED  BY  THE
NUMBER  OF  PERSONS  RECORDED  ON  THE POLL LIST AS HAVING VOTED AT SUCH
DISTRICT MEETING, THE TRUSTEES OR BOARD OF EDUCATION SHALL  SUBMIT  SUCH
PROPOSITION TO THE QUALIFIED VOTERS.
  B.  SUCH  PETITION  RELATING  TO IMPOSITION OF A LIMITATION ON THE TAX
LEVY SHALL BE SUBMITTED  AT  LEAST  THIRTY  DAYS  PRIOR  TO  THE  ANNUAL
DISTRICT  MEETING  AND  SHALL  SPECIFY  THE  PROPOSED MAXIMUM PERCENTAGE
CHANGE IN THE ESTIMATED TAX LEVY, AS DEFINED BY  THE  COMMISSIONER  FROM
THE  ACTUAL  TAX  LEVY THAT RESULTED FROM THE LEVYING OF SCHOOL TAXES IN
THE PRIOR SCHOOL YEAR THAT THE TRUSTEES OR BOARD OF EDUCATION MUST APPLY
IN DEVELOPING OR ADOPTING A BUDGET FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR  COMMENCING  WITH
THE BUDGET TO BE SUBMITTED AT THE NEXT ANNUAL DISTRICT MEETING FOLLOWING
VOTER  APPROVAL  OF SUCH PROPOSITION.   THE PROPOSITION PRESENTED TO THE
QUALIFIED VOTERS FOR APPROVAL MUST SPECIFY THE LIMIT ON  THE  PERCENTAGE
CHANGE IN THE ESTIMATED TAX LEVY THAT THE PETITION PROPOSES TO IMPOSE.
  C. NOTWITHSTANDING THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION TWO THOUSAND TWENTY-THREE
OF  THIS  PART  OR ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, RULE OR REGULATION TO THE
CONTRARY, UPON APPROVAL BY THE VOTERS OF A PROPOSITION IMPOSING A  LIMI-
TATION  ON TAX LEVY CHANGES PURSUANT TO THIS SUBDIVISION, FOR THE SCHOOL
YEARS IN WHICH THE LIMITATION IS IN EFFECT  THE  TRUSTEES  OR  BOARD  OF
EDUCATION  SHALL  NOT DEVELOP AND SUBMIT A PROPOSED BUDGET TO THE VOTERS
AT THE ANNUAL DISTRICT MEETING OR A BUDGET REVOTE  THAT  IN  COMBINATION
WITH  ANY  SEPARATE  PROPOSITIONS  INVOLVING  THE  EXPENDITURE  OF MONEY
PROPOSED BY THE TRUSTEES OR BOARD OF EDUCATION AT SUCH  ANNUAL  DISTRICT
MEETING  OR BUDGET REVOTE, WOULD RESULT IN AN ESTIMATED TAX LEVY, DETER-
MINED AT THE TIME THE PROPERTY TAX REPORT CARD IS PREPARED, THAT  IS  IN
EXCESS  OF THE MAXIMUM PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN SUCH ESTIMATED TAX LEVY THAT
HAS BEEN APPROVED BY THE VOTERS, AND THE TRUSTEES OR BOARD OF  EDUCATION
SHALL  NOT ADOPT A CONTINGENCY BUDGET FOR SUCH SCHOOL YEARS, IN COMBINA-
TION WITH ANY SUCH SEPARATE PROPOSITIONS PROPOSED  BY  THE  TRUSTEES  OR
BOARD  OF  EDUCATION THAT HAVE BEEN APPROVED BY THE VOTERS, WOULD RESULT
IN AN ESTIMATED TAX LEVY IN EXCESS OF SUCH LIMITATION.
  S 2. 1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, rule or regulation
to the contrary, in a village, town, city, or county upon the filing  of
a  petition  pursuant to subdivision two of this section with the county
board of elections in which  the  political  subdivision  which  is  the
subject  of  the  petition  is located, a proposition for the purpose of
imposing a limitation on the tax levy to the  qualified  voters  at  the
next  general  election  or village general election, if the proposition
relates to a village tax levy, signed  by  twenty-five  percent  of  the
number of qualified voters who voted in the previous general election or
village  general  election  if  the proposition relates to a village tax

S. 7660                             5

levy, said number to be determined by respective board of elections such
proposition shall be submitted to the qualified voters.
  2. Such petition relating to the imposition of a limitation on the tax
levy  shall  be  submitted  at  least  thirty  days prior to the general
election or village general election if the  proposition  relates  to  a
village  tax  levy  and  shall  specify  the proposed maximum percentage
change in the estimated tax levy from the actual tax levy that  resulted
from  the  levying  of  property  taxes  in the prior year, for the year
commencing with the budget in the year following voter approval of  such
proposition.    The  proposition  presented  to the qualified voters for
approval must specify the limit on the percentage change  in  the  esti-
mated tax levy that the petition proposes to impose.
  S 3. This act shall take effect immediately.
  S 2. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi-
sion,  section  or  part  of  this act shall be adjudged by any court of
competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment  shall  not  affect,
impair,  or  invalidate  the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in
its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph,  subdivision,  section
or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judg-
ment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of
the  legislature  that  this  act  would  have been enacted even if such
invalid provisions had not been included herein.
  S 3. This act shall take effect immediately  provided,  however,  that
the  applicable  effective date of Parts A and B of this act shall be as
specifically set forth in the last section of such Parts.

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