S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
6176--A
I N S E N A T E
(PREFILED)
January 8, 2014
___________
Introduced by Sen. GOLDEN -- read twice and ordered printed, and when
printed to be committed to the Committee on Judiciary -- committee
discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted
to said committee
AN ACT to amend the estates, powers and trusts law and the general busi-
ness law, in relation to the power of the fiduciary to access elec-
tronic mail and electronic information storage accounts
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Subparagraph 22 of paragraph (b) of section 11-1.1 of the
estates, powers and trusts law, as renumbered by chapter 904 of the laws
of 1973, is renumbered subparagraph 23 and a new subparagraph 22 is
added to read as follows:
(22) TO REQUEST A RECORD OR OTHER INFORMATION PERTAINING TO THE
DECEDENT'S ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNT OR ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE ACCOUNT,
AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN SECTION 11-1.12 OF THIS PART, WHEN SUCH
REQUEST IS NECESSARY OR APPROPRIATE FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE
ESTATE. SUCH A REQUEST SHALL NOT INCLUDE THE CONTENTS OF ANY ELECTRONIC
MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA OR ANY OTHER INFORMATION FOR WHICH DISCLOSURE IS
NOT AUTHORIZED PURSUANT TO FEDERAL LAW.
S 2. The estates, powers and trusts law is amended by adding a new
section 11-1.12 to read as follows:
S 11-1.12 LIMITED POWER OF EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE TO ACCESS
THE CONTENTS OF ELECTRONIC MAIL AND ELECTRONIC DATA
(A) AS USED IN THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL HAVE THE
FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
1. "ELECTRONIC" SHALL MEAN OF OR RELATING TO TECHNOLOGY HAVING ELEC-
TRICAL, DIGITAL, MAGNETIC, WIRELESS, OPTICAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC, OR SIMI-
LAR CAPABILITIES.
2. "ELECTRONIC DATA" MEANS ANY DATA, IMAGES, PICTURES, SOUNDS, VIDEO,
OR WRITING PRODUCED OR STORED BY ELECTRONIC MEANS AND CAPABLE OF BEING
ACCURATELY REPRODUCED IN FORMS PERCEPTIBLE BY HUMAN SENSORY CAPABILI-
TIES.
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD13193-02-4
S. 6176--A 2
3. "ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE" SHALL MEAN THE STORAGE OF ELECTRONIC DATA
THAT IS TRANSMITTED BY A PERSON ON OR THROUGH THE INTERNET FOR STORAGE
ON A COMPUTER, COMPUTER NETWORK, OPTICAL DISC OR OTHER MEDIA.
4. "ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER" SHALL MEAN A PERSON OR
ENTITY THAT PROVIDES USERS WITH ACCOUNTS TO WHICH ELECTRONIC DATA MAY BE
TRANSMITTED ON OR THROUGH THE INTERNET FOR STORAGE.
5. "ELECTRONIC MAIL" MEANS ELECTRONIC DATA THAT IS TRANSMITTED FROM
ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER ON OR THROUGH THE INTERNET FOR THE PURPOSE OF
COMMUNICATION.
6. "ELECTRONIC MAIL SERVICE PROVIDER" MEANS A PERSON OR ENTITY THAT
PROVIDES USERS WITH ACCOUNTS FROM WHICH ELECTRONIC MAIL MAY BE SENT AND
STORED, AND TO WHICH ELECTRONIC MAIL MAY BE RECEIVED AND STORED.
(B) WHEN A DECEDENT HAS NOMINATED THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESEN-
TATIVE OF HIS OR HER ESTATE AS THE PERSON AUTHORIZED TO ACCESS ELECTRON-
IC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA THAT IS STORED IN HIS OR HER ACCOUNT BY A
SERVICE PROVIDER, AS DESCRIBED IN SECTION ONE HUNDRED SIXTY-SEVEN-A OF
THE GENERAL BUSINESS LAW, THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE SHALL
HAVE THE POWER TO ACCESS SUCH ELECTRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA,
PROVIDED THAT THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE SHALL NOT HAVE
ACCESS TO ANY ELECTRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA FOR WHICH THE DECEDENT
DID NOT GRANT AUTHORIZATION TO ACCESS. ANY ORDER OF THE COURT REGARDING
SUCH ACCESS SHALL NOT EXCEED THE SCOPE OF THE DECEDENT'S AUTHORIZATION
AND SHALL ALSO ORDER THAT THE ESTATE SHALL FIRST INDEMNIFY THE SERVICE
PROVIDER FROM ALL LIABILITY IN COMPLYING WITH SUCH ORDER.
(C) WHEN A DECEDENT HAS NOT AUTHORIZED THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRE-
SENTATIVE'S ACCESS TO ANY ELECTRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA STORED IN
THE DECEDENT'S SERVICE ACCOUNT BECAUSE THE SERVICE PROVIDER DID NOT
PROVIDE THE DECEDENT WITH THE ABILITY TO AUTHORIZE SUCH ACCESS, UNLESS
EXPRESSLY PROHIBITED IN THE WILL OR OTHER INSTRUMENT, THE EXECUTOR OR
PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE MAY PETITION THE COURT FOR AN ORDER GRANTING
ACCESS TO SUCH SERVICE ACCOUNTS FOR THE PURPOSE OF PROPER ADMINISTRATION
OF THE ESTATE. ANY ORDER OF THE COURT GRANTING SUCH ACCESS SHALL ALSO
ORDER THAT THE ESTATE SHALL FIRST INDEMNIFY THE SERVICE PROVIDER FROM
ALL LIABILITY IN COMPLYING WITH SUCH ORDER.
S 3. The general business law is amended by adding a new article 10-C
to read as follows:
ARTICLE 10-C
ELECTRONIC MAIL AND ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE SERVICES
SECTION 167. DEFINITIONS.
167-A. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA ACCOUNTS;
CONSENT TO ACCESS AFTER DEATH.
167-B. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE
ACCOUNTS; ACCESS AFTER THE DEATH.
167-C. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE
ACCOUNTS; ACCOUNT TERMINATION UPON THE DEATH.
167-D. CONSUMER EDUCATION.
S 167. DEFINITIONS. AS USED IN THIS ARTICLE, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL
HAVE THE FOLLOWING MEANINGS:
1. "ELECTRONIC" SHALL MEAN OF OR RELATING TO TECHNOLOGY HAVING ELEC-
TRICAL, DIGITAL, MAGNETIC, WIRELESS, OPTICAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC, OR SIMI-
LAR CAPABILITIES.
2. "ELECTRONIC DATA" MEANS ANY DATA, IMAGES, PICTURES, SOUNDS, VIDEO,
OR WRITING PRODUCED OR STORED BY ELECTRONIC MEANS AND CAPABLE OF BEING
S. 6176--A 3
ACCURATELY REPRODUCED IN FORMS PERCEPTIBLE BY HUMAN SENSORY CAPABILI-
TIES.
3. "ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE" SHALL MEAN THE STORAGE OF ELECTRONIC DATA
THAT IS TRANSMITTED BY A PERSON ON OR THROUGH THE INTERNET FOR STORAGE
ON A COMPUTER, COMPUTER NETWORK, OPTICAL DISC OR OTHER MEDIA.
4. "ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER" SHALL MEAN A PERSON OR
ENTITY THAT PROVIDES USERS WITH ACCOUNTS TO WHICH ELECTRONIC DATA MAY BE
TRANSMITTED ON OR THROUGH THE INTERNET FOR STORAGE.
5. "ELECTRONIC MAIL" MEANS ELECTRONIC DATA THAT IS TRANSMITTED FROM
ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER ON OR THROUGH THE INTERNET FOR THE PURPOSE OF
COMMUNICATION.
6. "ELECTRONIC MAIL SERVICE PROVIDER" MEANS A PERSON OR ENTITY THAT
PROVIDES USERS WITH ACCOUNTS FROM WHICH ELECTRONIC MAIL MAY BE SENT AND
STORED, AND TO WHICH ELECTRONIC MAIL MAY BE RECEIVED AND STORED.
7. "NEW YORK USER" MEANS A USER WHO ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE OR SHE IS A
NEW YORK RESIDENT OR PROVIDES AN IN-STATE BILLING ADDRESS OR ZIP CODE
WHEN REGISTERING WITH THE ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER OR
THE ELECTRONIC MAIL SERVICE PROVIDER.
8. "SERVICE ACCOUNT" SHALL MEAN AN ELECTRONIC MAIL SERVICE ACCOUNT AND
AN ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE SERVICE ACCOUNT UNLESS THE CONTEXT REQUIRES A
DIFFERENT MEANING.
9. "SERVICE PROVIDER" SHALL MEAN AN ELECTRONIC MAIL SERVICE PROVIDER
AND AN ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE SERVICE PROVIDER UNLESS THE CONTEXT
REQUIRES A DIFFERENT MEANING.
S 167-A. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA ACCOUNTS;
CONSENT TO ACCESS AFTER DEATH. 1. FOR ANY ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNT OR
ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE ACCOUNT OPENED AFTER DECEMBER THIRTY-FIRST, TWO
THOUSAND FOURTEEN, THE SERVICE PROVIDER SHALL PROVIDE A NEW YORK USER
WITH THE OPTION TO NOMINATE AN INDIVIDUAL WHO SHALL BE AUTHORIZED TO
ACCESS SUCH SERVICE ACCOUNT AFTER HIS OR HER DEATH. SUCH AUTHORIZATION
SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE NEW YORK USER'S CONSENT TO THE NOMINEE'S
ACCESS OF THE CONTENTS OF ANY ELECTRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA STORED
IN SUCH SERVICE ACCOUNT UNLESS SUCH CONSENT AND AUTHORIZATION IS LIMITED
BY SUCH NEW YORK USER THROUGH THE USE OF A METHOD AUTHORIZED BY SUBDIVI-
SION THREE OF THIS SECTION. SUCH NOMINATION MAY NAME A SPECIFIC INDIVID-
UAL, OR THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE NEW YORK USER'S
ESTATE.
2. FOR ANY ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNT OR ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE ACCOUNT
OPENED ON OR BEFORE DECEMBER THIRTY-FIRST, TWO THOUSAND FOURTEEN, THE
SERVICE PROVIDER MAY PROVIDE A NEW YORK USER WITH THE OPTION TO NOMINATE
AN INDIVIDUAL WHO SHALL BE AUTHORIZED TO ACCESS SUCH SERVICE ACCOUNT
AFTER HIS OR HER DEATH. SUCH AUTHORIZATION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE NEW
YORK USER'S CONSENT TO THE NOMINEE'S ACCESS OF THE CONTENTS OF ANY ELEC-
TRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA STORED IN SUCH SERVICE ACCOUNT UNLESS
SUCH CONSENT AND AUTHORIZATION IS LIMITED BY SUCH NEW YORK USER THROUGH
THE USE OF A METHOD AUTHORIZED BY SUBDIVISION THREE OF THIS SECTION.
SUCH NOMINATION MAY NAME A SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL, OR THE EXECUTOR OR
PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE FOR THE NEW YORK USER'S ESTATE.
3. A SERVICE PROVIDER MAY PROVIDE A NEW YORK USER WITH A METHOD OF
DESIGNATING CERTAIN ELECTRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA FOR WHICH ACCESS
IS NOT AUTHORIZED AND CONSENT TO ACCESS IS NOT GRANTED.
4. WHEN PRESENTING THE OPTION TO NOMINATE THAT IS DESCRIBED IN SUBDI-
VISIONS ONE AND TWO OF THIS SECTION, THE SERVICE PROVIDER SHALL INCLUDE
A STATEMENT THAT NOMINATION OF AN INDIVIDUAL OTHER THAN THE EXECUTOR OR
PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF THE NEW YORK USER'S ESTATE WILL REQUIRE SUCH
S. 6176--A 4
INDIVIDUAL TO INDEMNIFY THE SERVICE PROVIDER FROM ANY LIABILITY ARISING
OUT OF SUCH INDIVIDUAL'S ACCESS TO THE SERVICE ACCOUNT.
S 167-B. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE
ACCOUNTS; ACCESS AFTER THE DEATH. 1. ANY PERSON, ENTITY, OR ORGANIZA-
TION ENGAGING IN BUSINESS IN THIS STATE SHALL BE DEEMED TO HAVE GIVEN
CONSENT TO, UPON THE DEATH OF A NEW YORK USER, ACCESS TO ANY ELECTRONIC
MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA SENT TO SUCH NEW YORK USER PRIOR TO OR AFTER
SUCH USER'S DEATH. SUCH CONSENT SHALL BE LIMITED TO ANY PERSON, INCLUD-
ING THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF THE NEW YORK USER'S
ESTATE, WHO HAS BEEN NOMINATED BY THE NEW YORK USER PURSUANT TO SECTION
ONE HUNDRED SIXTY-SEVEN-A OF THIS ARTICLE OR WHO HAS BEEN GRANTED ACCESS
TO THE SERVICE ACCOUNTS PURSUANT TO AN ORDER OF THE COURT THAT HAS
JURISDICTION OVER THE DECEASED NEW YORK USER'S ESTATE.
2. WHEN A NEW YORK USER HAS AUTHORIZED ACCESS OF HIS OR HER ELECTRONIC
MAIL ACCOUNT OR ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE ACCOUNT, AS PROVIDED IN SECTION
ONE HUNDRED SIXTY-SEVEN-A OF THIS ARTICLE, THE SERVICE PROVIDER SHALL
GRANT SUCH ACCESS TO SUCH ACCOUNT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF SUCH
CONSENT.
3. WHEN A SERVICE PROVIDER HAS NOT PROVIDED A NEW YORK USER WITH THE
ABILITY TO AUTHORIZE ACCESS TO SUCH USER'S SERVICE ACCOUNT BY A PERSON
NOMINATED BY SUCH USER, AND SUCH NEW YORK USER IS DECEASED, SUCH SERVICE
PROVIDER SHALL, UPON RECEIPT OF A COURT ORDER THAT GRANTS THE EXECUTOR
OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE ACCESS TO A DECEDENT'S SERVICE ACCOUNT AND
ORDERS THE ESTATE TO INDEMNIFY SUCH PROVIDERS FROM ALL LIABILITY IN
COMPLYING WITH SUCH ORDER, PROVIDE SUCH EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESEN-
TATIVE WITH ACCESS TO THE DECEDENT'S STORAGE ACCOUNT.
S 167-C. ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE
ACCOUNTS; ACCOUNT TERMINATION UPON THE DEATH. 1. ANY PROVISION IN A
SERVICE PROVIDER'S TERMS OF SERVICE OR OTHER CONTRACTUAL AGREEMENT WITH
A NEW YORK USER AUTOMATICALLY TERMINATING SUCH ACCOUNT UPON THE DEATH OF
THE NEW YORK USER SHALL BE VOID AS AGAINST PUBLIC POLICY.
2. A SERVICE PROVIDER SHALL TERMINATE A NEW YORK USER'S SERVICE
ACCOUNT UPON A REQUEST FROM THE EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE OF
THE NEW YORK USER'S ESTATE. WHEN THE NEW YORK USER IS DECEASED AND NO
PERSON HOLDS A CURRENT APPOINTMENT AS EXECUTOR OR PERSONAL REPRESEN-
TATIVE OF SUCH DECEASED NEW YORK USER'S ESTATE, TERMINATION OF A SERVICE
ACCOUNT MAY BE REQUESTED BY THE DECEASED NEW YORK USER'S NEXT OF KIN,
PROVIDED THAT SUCH INDIVIDUAL PROVIDES THE SERVICE PROVIDER WITH A COPY
OF THE NEW YORK USER'S DEATH CERTIFICATE.
S 167-D. CONSUMER EDUCATION. THE CONSUMER PROTECTION DIVISION, IN
CONSULTATION WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCIAL SERVICES, SHALL POST
INFORMATION ON THE HOME PAGE OF THE DIVISION'S WEBSITE REGARDING THE
IMPORTANCE OF ENSURING THAT ELECTRONIC MAIL ACCOUNTS AND ELECTRONIC DATA
STORAGE ACCOUNTS CAN BE ACCESSED AFTER DEATH WITHIN SIXTY DAYS OF THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS ARTICLE. SUCH INFORMATION SHALL INCLUDE THE
TYPES OF DATA OR INFORMATION THAT MAY NEED TO BE OBTAINED AFTER DEATH.
SUCH DATA OR INFORMATION THAT MAY NEED TO BE OBTAINED AFTER DEATH
INCLUDES, BUT IS NOT LIMITED TO, ELECTRONIC MAIL OR ELECTRONIC DATA
REGARDING BANK, UTILITY, OR CREDIT ACCOUNTS, INSURANCE POLICIES, AND
OTHER TRANSACTIONS AFFECTING AN ESTATE.
S 4. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
have become a law.