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S 4. The section heading and the opening paragraph of subdivision 1 of
section 240.20 of the criminal procedure law, the section heading as
added by chapter 412 of the laws of 1979 and the opening paragraph of
subdivision 1 as amended by chapter 317 of the laws of 1983, are amended
to read as follows:
Discovery[; upon demand of] TO THE defendant.
Except to the extent protected by court order, [upon a demand to
produce by a defendant against whom] WITHIN FIFTEEN DAYS AFTER ARRAIGN-
MENT ON an indictment, superior court information, prosecutor's informa-
tion, information, or simplified information charging a misdemeanor [is
pending], the prosecutor shall disclose to the defendant and make avail-
able for inspection, photographing, copying or testing, the following
property:
S 5. Paragraph (h) of subdivision 1 of section 240.20 of the criminal
procedure law, as added by chapter 412 of the laws of 1979 and as relet-
tered by chapter 795 of the laws of 1984, is amended to read as follows:
(h) [Anything] ANY OTHER PROPERTY OR INFORMATION required to be
disclosed, prior to trial, to the defendant by the prosecutor, pursuant
to the constitution of this state or of the United States.
S 6. Subdivision 1 of section 240.20 of the criminal procedure law is
amended by adding four new paragraphs (l), (m), (n) and (o) to read as
follows:
(L) A SCIENTIFIC REPORT OR TESTS WHICH TEND TO NEGATE THE GUILT OF THE
DEFENDANT.
(M) INFORMATION ABOUT A LINE-UP, SHOW-UP OR OTHER IDENTIFICATION
PROCEDURE OR FROM A WITNESS WHICH INDICATES THAT SOMEONE OTHER THAN THE
DEFENDANT COMMITTED THE CRIME.
(N) INFORMATION ABOUT A LINE-UP, SHOW-UP OR OTHER IDENTIFICATION
PROCEDURE AT WHICH AN EYEWITNESS FAILED TO IDENTIFY THE DEFENDANT AS THE
PERPETRATOR OF THE CRIME.
(O) REPORTS OR INTERVIEWS OF ANY KIND INDICATING THAT A PERSON OR
PERSONS OTHER THAN THE DEFENDANT COMMITTED THE CRIME.
S 7. Subdivision 2 of section 240.20 of the criminal procedure law is
renumbered subdivision 4 and three new subdivisions 2, 3 and 5 are added
to read as follows:
2. WITHIN FIFTEEN DAYS OF ARRAIGNMENT, THE PROSECUTOR SHALL, SUBJECT
TO A PROTECTIVE ORDER, MAKE AVAILABLE TO THE DEFENDANT:
(A) ANY WRITTEN OR RECORDED STATEMENT, INCLUDING ANY TESTIMONY BEFORE
A GRAND JURY AND AN EXAMINATION VIDEOTAPED PURSUANT TO SECTION 190.32 OF
THIS CHAPTER, MADE BY A PERSON WHOM THE PROSECUTOR INTENDS TO CALL AS A
WITNESS AT TRIAL, AND WHICH RELATES TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE
WITNESS'S TESTIMONY.
(B) A RECORD OF JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION OF A WITNESS THE PEOPLE INTEND
TO CALL AT TRIAL IF THE RECORD OF CONVICTION IS KNOWN BY THE PROSECUTOR
TO EXIST.
(C) THE EXISTENCE OF ANY PENDING CRIMINAL ACTION AGAINST A WITNESS THE
PEOPLE INTEND TO CALL AT TRIAL, IF THE PENDING CRIMINAL ACTION IS KNOWN
BY THE PROSECUTOR TO EXIST.
(D) ANY PROMISES OR THREATS TO, OR AGREEMENTS WITH, A WITNESS THE
PROSECUTION INTENDS TO CALL AT TRIAL, IF SUCH PROMISE, THREAT OR AGREE-
MENT IS RELATED TO THE WITNESS'S TESTIMONY AND IS KNOWN BY THE PROSE-
CUTION.
(E) THE NAME, ADDRESS AND QUALIFICATIONS OF ANY EXPERT, OTHER THAN AN
EXPERT GOVERNED BY SECTION 250.10 OF THIS TITLE, THE PEOPLE INTEND TO
CALL AS A WITNESS AT TRIAL, AS WELL AS A WRITTEN REPORT BY THAT WITNESS
SETTING FORTH IN REASONABLE DETAIL THE SUBJECT MATTER ON WHICH THE
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EXPERT IS EXPECTED TO TESTIFY INCLUDING THE WITNESS'S OPINION AND
CONCLUSIONS, IF ANY, AS WELL AS THE BASIS FOR THOSE OPINIONS AND CONCLU-
SIONS.
THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPHS (B) AND (C) OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL NOT
BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE THE PROSECUTOR TO FINGERPRINT A WITNESS OR
OTHERWISE CAUSE THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES OR OTHER LAW
ENFORCEMENT AGENCY OR COURT TO ISSUE A REPORT CONCERNING A WITNESS.
3. IF AFTER COMPLYING WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION, ANY PROPER-
TY OR INFORMATION WHICH IS REQUIRED TO BE DISCLOSED COMES INTO THE
POSSESSION OF THE PROSECUTION, THE PROSECUTION SHALL, SUBJECT TO A
PROTECTIVE ORDER, PROMPTLY DISCLOSE SUCH PROPERTY OR INFORMATION.
5. AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF JURY SELECTION OR IN THE CASE OF A NON-JURY
TRIAL, BEFORE SUBMISSION OF EVIDENCE, THE PROSECUTOR SHALL, SUBJECT TO A
PROTECTIVE ORDER, MAKE AVAILABLE TO THE DEFENSE ANY WRITTEN OR RECORDED
STATEMENT MADE BY A PERSON WHOM THE PROSECUTOR INTENDS TO CALL AT TRIAL
AND WHICH RELATES TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE WITNESS'S TESTIMONY,
INCLUDING UNREDACTED STATEMENTS PREVIOUSLY DISCLOSED IN REDACTED FORM.
S 8. Subdivision 4 of section 240.20 of the criminal procedure law, as
added by chapter 412 of the laws of 1979 and renumbered by section seven
of this act, is amended to read as follows:
4. The prosecutor shall make a diligent, good faith effort to ascer-
tain the existence of [demanded] ANY property SUBJECT TO DISCOVERY and
to cause such property to be made available for discovery where it
exists but is not within the prosecutor's possession, custody or
control; provided, that the prosecutor shall not be required to obtain
by subpoena duces tecum [demanded] material which the defendant may
thereby obtain.
S 9. Section 240.30 of the criminal procedure law, as added by chapter
412 of the laws of 1979, subdivision 1 as amended by chapter 558 of the
laws of 1982 and the opening paragraph of subdivision 1 as amended by
chapter 317 of the laws of 1983, is amended to read as follows:
S 240.30 Discovery[; upon demand of] TO THE prosecutor.
1. Except to the extent protected by court order, upon [a demand to
produce] DISCLOSURE by the prosecutor PURSUANT TO SECTION 240.20 OF THIS
ARTICLE, a defendant against whom an indictment, superior court informa-
tion, prosecutor's information, information, or simplified information
charging a misdemeanor is pending shall disclose and make available for
inspection, photographing, copying or testing, subject to constitutional
limitations:
(a) any written report or document, or portion thereof, concerning a
physical or mental examination, or scientific test, experiment, or
comparisons, made by or at the request or direction of, the defendant,
if the defendant intends to introduce such report or document at trial,
or if the defendant has filed a notice of intent to proffer psychiatric
evidence and such report or document relates thereto, or if such report
or document was made by a person, other than defendant, whom defendant
intends to call as a witness at trial; and
(b) any photograph, drawing, tape or other electronic recording which
the defendant intends to introduce at trial.
2. AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF JURY SELECTION, THE DEFENDANT SHALL, SUBJECT
TO A PROTECTIVE ORDER, MAKE AVAILABLE TO THE PROSECUTOR: (A) ANY WRIT-
TEN OR RECORDED STATEMENT MADE BY A PERSON OTHER THAN THE DEFENDANT WHOM
THE DEFENDANT INTENDS TO CALL AS A WITNESS AT THE TRIAL, AND WHICH
RELATES TO THE SUBJECT MATTER OF THE WITNESS'S TESTIMONY, INCLUDING
UNREDACTED STATEMENTS PREVIOUSLY DISCLOSED IN A REDACTED FORM;
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(B) A RECORD OF JUDGMENT OF CONVICTION OF A WITNESS, OTHER THAN THE
DEFENDANT, THE DEFENDANT INTENDS TO CALL AT TRIAL IF THE RECORD OF
CONVICTION IS KNOWN BY THE DEFENDANT TO EXIST;
(C) THE EXISTENCE OF ANY PENDING CRIMINAL ACTION AGAINST A WITNESS,
OTHER THAN THE DEFENDANT, THE DEFENDANT INTENDS TO CALL AT TRIAL, IF THE
PENDING CRIMINAL ACTION IS KNOWN BY THE DEFENDANT TO EXIST;
(D) ANY PROMISES OR THREATS TO, OR AGREEMENTS WITH, A WITNESS THE
DEFENSE INTENDS TO CALL AT TRIAL, IF SUCH PROMISE, THREAT OR AGREEMENT
IS RELATED TO THE WITNESS'S TESTIMONY AND IS KNOWN BY THE CALLING PARTY;
AND
(E) THE NAME, ADDRESS, AND QUALIFICATIONS OF ANY EXPERT, OTHER THAN AN
EXPERT GOVERNED BY SECTION 250.10 OF THIS TITLE, THE DEFENSE INTENDS TO
CALL AS A WITNESS AT TRIAL, AS WELL AS A WRITTEN REPORT BY THAT WITNESS
SETTING FORTH IN REASONABLE DETAIL THE SUBJECT MATTER ON WHICH THE
EXPERT IS EXPECTED TO TESTIFY INCLUDING THE WITNESS'S OPINION AND
CONCLUSIONS, IF ANY, AS WELL AS THE BASIS FOR THOSE OPINIONS AND CONCLU-
SIONS.
3. The defense shall make a diligent good faith effort to make such
property available for discovery where it exists but the property is not
within its possession, custody or control, provided, that the defendant
shall not be required to obtain by subpoena duces tecum [demanded] mate-
rial that the prosecutor may thereby obtain.
S 10. Section 240.35 of the criminal procedure law, as added by chap-
ter 412 of the laws of 1979, is amended to read as follows:
S 240.35 Discovery; refusal [of demand] TO DISCLOSE.
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 240.20 and 240.30 OF THIS
ARTICLE, the prosecutor or the defendant, as the case may be, may refuse
to disclose any information FOR which [he] THAT PARTY reasonably
believes [is not discoverable by a demand to produce, pursuant to
section 240.20 or section 240.30 as the case may be, or for which he
reasonably believes] a protective order would be warranted. Such
refusal shall be made in a writing, which shall set forth the grounds of
such belief as fully as possible, consistent with the objective of the
refusal. The writing shall be served upon the [demanding] OTHER party
and a copy shall be filed with the court.
S 11. Section 240.40 of the criminal procedure law, as added by chap-
ter 412 of the laws of 1979, subdivision 1 as amended by chapter 19 of
the laws of 2012, the opening paragraph of subdivision 2 as amended by
chapter 317 of the laws of 1983 and the closing paragraph of subdivision
2 as amended by chapter 481 of the laws of 1983, is amended to read as
follows:
S 240.40 Discovery; upon court order.
1. Upon motion of a defendant against whom an indictment, superior
court information, prosecutor's information, information, or simplified
information charging a misdemeanor is pending, the court in which such
accusatory instrument is pending:
(a) must order discovery as to any material not disclosed [upon a
demand] pursuant to section 240.20 OF THIS ARTICLE, if it finds that
[the prosecutor's refusal to disclose such material is not justified] A
PROTECTIVE ORDER SHOULD NOT BE ISSUED; (b) must, unless it is satisfied
that the people have shown good cause why such an order should [not] be
issued, order discovery or ISSUE any other order authorized by subdivi-
sion one of section 240.70 OF THIS ARTICLE as to any material not
disclosed [upon demand] pursuant to section 240.20 OF THIS ARTICLE where
the prosecutor has failed to serve a timely written refusal pursuant to
section 240.35 OF THIS ARTICLE; (c) [may] MUST order discovery with
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respect to any other property, which the people intend to introduce at
the trial[, upon a showing by the defendant that discovery with respect
to such property is material to the preparation of his or her defense,
and that the request is reasonable]; and (d) where property in the
people's possession, custody, or control that consists of a deoxyribonu-
cleic acid ("DNA") profile obtained from probative biological material
gathered in connection with the investigation or prosecution of the
defendant and the defendant establishes that such profile complies with
federal bureau of investigation or state requirements, whichever are
applicable and as such requirements are applied to law enforcement agen-
cies seeking a keyboard search or similar comparison, and that the data
meets state DNA index system or national DNA index system criteria as
such criteria are applied to law enforcement agencies seeking such a
keyboard search or similar comparison, the court may order an entity
that has access to the combined DNA index system or its successor system
to compare such DNA profile against DNA databanks by keyboard searches,
or a similar method that does not involve uploading, upon notice to both
parties and the entity required to perform the search, upon a showing by
the defendant that such a comparison is material to the presentation of
his or her defense and that the request is reasonable. For purposes of
this paragraph, a "keyboard search" shall mean a search of a DNA profile
against the databank in which the profile that is searched is not
uploaded to or maintained in the databank. Upon granting the motion
pursuant to paragraph (c) of this subdivision, the court shall, upon
motion of the people showing such to be material to the preparation of
their case [and that the request is reasonable], condition its order of
discovery by further directing discovery by the people of property, of
the same kind or character as that authorized to be inspected by the
defendant, which he or she intends to introduce at the trial.
2. Upon motion of the prosecutor, and subject to constitutional limi-
tation, the court in which an indictment, superior court information,
prosecutor's information, information, or simplified information charg-
ing a misdemeanor is pending: (a) must order discovery as to any prop-
erty not disclosed [upon a demand] pursuant to section 240.30 OF THIS
ARTICLE, if it finds that the defendant's refusal to disclose such mate-
rial is not justified; and (b) may order the defendant to provide non-
testimonial evidence. Such order may, among other things, require the
defendant to:
(i) Appear in a line-up;
(ii) Speak for identification by witness or potential witness;
(iii) Be fingerprinted;
(iv) Pose for photographs not involving reenactment of an event;
(v) Permit the taking of samples of blood, hair or other materials
from his OR HER body in a manner not involving an unreasonable intrusion
thereof or a risk of serious physical injury thereto;
(vi) Provide specimens of his OR HER handwriting;
(vii) Submit to a reasonable physical or medical inspection of his OR
HER body.
This subdivision shall not be construed to limit, expand, or otherwise
affect the issuance of a similar court order, as may be authorized by
law, before the filing of an accusatory instrument consistent with such
rights as the defendant may derive from the constitution of this state
or of the United States. This section shall not be construed to limit or
otherwise affect the [adminstration] ADMINISTRATION of a chemical test
where otherwise authorized pursuant to section [one thousand one] ELEVEN
hundred ninety-four-a of the vehicle and traffic law.
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3. An order pursuant to this section may be denied, limited or condi-
tioned as provided in section 240.50 OF THIS ARTICLE, OTHERWISE AUTHOR-
IZED PURSUANT TO SECTION ELEVEN HUNDRED NINETY-FOUR OF THE VEHICLE AND
TRAFFIC LAW.
S 12. Section 240.45 of the criminal procedure law is REPEALED.
S 13. Section 240.50 of the criminal procedure law is amended by
adding a new subdivision 1-a to read as follows:
1-A. THE COURT IN WHICH THE CRIMINAL ACTION IS PENDING MAY, UPON
MOTION OF EITHER PARTY FOR AN ORDER TO REDACT THE NAME AND/OR ADDRESS OF
A WITNESS, ISSUE A PROTECTIVE ORDER DENYING, LIMITING, CONDITIONING OR
REGULATING DISCOVERY OF THE NAME AND/OR ADDRESS OF A WITNESS PURSUANT TO
THIS ARTICLE FOR GOOD CAUSE, INCLUDING SUBSTANTIAL RISK OF PHYSICAL
HARM, INTIMIDATION, UNJUSTIFIED ANNOYANCE OR EMBARRASSMENT TO THE
WITNESS OR AN ADVERSE EFFECT UPON THE LEGITIMATE NEEDS OF LAW ENFORCE-
MENT INCLUDING THE PROTECTION OF THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMANTS.
S 14. Section 240.60 of the criminal procedure law, as added by chap-
ter 412 of the laws of 1979, is amended to read as follows:
S 240.60 Discovery; continuing duty to disclose.
If, after complying with the provisions of this article or an order
pursuant thereto, a party finds, either before or during trial, addi-
tional material subject to discovery or covered by such order, [he] THAT
PARTY shall promptly comply with the [demand or] order, [refuse to
comply with the demand where refusal is authorized,] or apply for a
protective order.
S 15. Subdivision 1 of section 240.70 of the criminal procedure law,
as added by chapter 412 of the laws of 1979, is amended to read as
follows:
1. If, during the course of discovery proceedings, the court finds
that a party has failed to comply with any of the provisions of this
article, the court may order such party to permit discovery of the prop-
erty not previously disclosed, grant a continuance, issue a protective
order, prohibit the introduction of certain evidence or the calling of
certain witnesses, GIVE AN ADVERSE INFERENCE INSTRUCTION TO THE TRIER OF
FACT or take any other appropriate action.
S 16. Section 240.75 of the criminal procedure law, as added by chap-
ter 1 of the laws of 2000, is amended to read as follows:
S 240.75 Discovery; certain violations.
The failure of the prosecutor or any agent of the prosecutor to
disclose statements that are required to be disclosed under subdivision
one of section 240.44 [or paragraph (a) of subdivision one of section
240.45] of this article shall not constitute grounds for any court to
order a new pre-trial hearing or set aside a conviction, or reverse,
modify or vacate a judgment of conviction in the absence of a showing by
the defendant that there is a reasonable possibility that the non-dis-
closure materially contributed to the result of the trial or other
proceeding; provided, however, that nothing in this section shall affect
or limit any right the defendant may have to a re-opened pre-trial hear-
ing when such statements were disclosed before the close of evidence at
trial.
S 17. Section 240.80 of the criminal procedure law is REPEALED.
S 18. Subdivision 2 of section 240.90 of the criminal procedure law,
as added by chapter 412 of the laws of 1979, is amended to read as
follows:
2. [A] WITHIN FIFTEEN DAYS AFTER THE PROSECUTOR HAS DISCLOSED TO THE
DEFENDANT PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN SECTION 240.20 OF THIS ARTICLE, A motion
by a defendant for discovery shall be made as OTHERWISE prescribed in
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section 255.20 of this [chapter] TITLE. SUCH MOTION MUST STATE THAT
EACH ITEM OF PROPERTY SOUGHT HAS NOT PREVIOUSLY BEEN DISCLOSED TO THE
DEFENDANT.
S 19. Paragraph (a) of subdivision 14 of section 400.27 of the crimi-
nal procedure law, as added by chapter 1 of the laws of 1995, is amended
to read as follows:
(a) At a reasonable time prior to the sentencing proceeding or a
mental retardation hearing:
(i) the prosecutor shall, unless previously disclosed and subject to a
protective order, make available to the defendant the statements and
information specified in subdivision [one] TWO of section [240.45]
240.20 OF THIS CHAPTER and make available for inspection, photographing,
copying or testing the property specified in subdivision one of section
240.20 OF THIS CHAPTER; and
(ii) the defendant shall, unless previously disclosed and subject to a
protective order, make available to the prosecution the statements and
information specified in subdivision two of section [240.45] 240.30 OF
THIS CHAPTER and make available for inspection, photographing, copying
or testing, subject to constitutional limitations, the reports, docu-
ments and other property specified in subdivision one of section 240.30
OF THIS CHAPTER.
S 20. Subdivision 2 of section 710.30 of the criminal procedure law,
as separately amended by chapters 8 and 194 of the laws of 1976, is
amended to read as follows:
2. Such notice must be served within [fifteen] THIRTY days after
arraignment and before trial, and upon such service the defendant must
be accorded reasonable opportunity to move before trial, pursuant to
subdivision one of section 710.40 OF THIS ARTICLE, to suppress the spec-
ified evidence. For good cause shown, however, the court may permit the
people to serve such notice, thereafter and in such case it must accord
the defendant reasonable opportunity thereafter to make a suppression
motion.
S 21. This act shall take effect on the first of January next
succeeding the date on which it shall have become a law, provided that
the amendment to subdivision 9 of section 65.20 of the criminal proce-
dure law, made by section one of this act, shall not affect the expira-
tion and repeal of such section and shall expire and be deemed repealed
therewith.