S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
8407
2015-2016 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
October 9, 2015
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Introduced by M. of A. ORTIZ, DINOWITZ, COOK -- Multi-Sponsored by -- M.
of A. BRENNAN, GALEF, GOTTFRIED, HIKIND, HOOPER, RIVERA, ROBINSON --
read once and referred to the Committee on Health
AN ACT to amend the public health law, in relation to restricting the
disclosure of health care information
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The public health law is amended by adding a new section
18-b to read as follows:
S 18-B. DISCLOSURE OF HEALTH CARE INFORMATION. 1. AS USED IN THIS
SECTION:
(A) "SUBJECT" MEANS AN INDIVIDUAL CONCERNING WHOM HEALTH CARE INFORMA-
TION IS MAINTAINED OR POSSESSED.
(B) "HEALTH CARE" MEANS ANY PREVENTIVE, DIAGNOSTIC, THERAPEUTIC, REHA-
BILITATIVE, MAINTENANCE OR PALLIATIVE CARE, COUNSELING, SERVICE OR
PROCEDURE PROVIDED BY A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL OR MEDICAL CARE FACILITY
WITH RESPECT TO A SUBJECT'S PHYSICAL OR MENTAL CONDITION OR AFFECTING
THE STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY OR ANY PART THEREOF, INCLUD-
ING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, BANKING OF BLOOD, SPERM, ORGANS OR OTHER TISSUE;
AND ANY SALE OR DISPENSING OF ANY DRUG, SUBSTANCE, DEVICE, EQUIPMENT OR
OTHER ITEM TO A SUBJECT OR FOR A SUBJECT'S USE, PURSUANT TO A
PRESCRIPTION.
(C) "HEALTH CARE INFORMATION" MEANS ANY DATA OR INFORMATION, WHETHER
ORAL OR RECORDED IN ANY FORM OR MEDIUM THAT IDENTIFIES OR CAN READILY BE
ASSOCIATED WITH THE IDENTITY OF THE SUBJECT AND RELATES TO THE SUBJECT'S
HEALTH CARE; OR IS OBTAINED IN THE COURSE OF A SUBJECT'S HEALTH CARE
FROM A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL OR MEDICAL CARE FACILITY, FROM THE SUBJECT,
FROM A MEMBER OF THE SUBJECT'S FAMILY INCLUDING SPOUSE, PARENT OR LEGAL
GUARDIAN OR AN INDIVIDUAL WITH WHOM THE SUBJECT HAS A RELATIONSHIP OR
ANY PATIENT INFORMATION AS DEFINED IN PARAGRAPH (E) OF SUBDIVISION ONE
OF SECTION EIGHTEEN OF THIS TITLE.
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD04665-01-5
A. 8407 2
(D) "MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL" MEANS ANY PERSON LICENSED OR CERTIFIED TO
PROVIDE HEALTH CARE SERVICES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PHYSICIANS,
DENTISTS, CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS, PODIATRISTS, CHIROPRACTORS, NURSES,
OPTOMETRISTS, PHARMACISTS, CLINICAL DIETITIANS, OPHTHALMOLOGISTS, PHYS-
ICAL OR OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS, CERTIFIED SOCIAL WORKERS OR SPEECH
THERAPISTS.
(E) "MEDICAL CARE FACILITY" MEANS ANY INSTITUTION THAT IS LICENSED TO
PROVIDE HEALTH CARE SERVICES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO HOSPITALS,
SKILLED NURSING HOME FACILITIES, HOME HEALTH AGENCIES, MEDICAL CLINICS,
LABORATORIES, REHABILITATION AGENCIES, PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCIES OR HEALTH
MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS.
(F) "PERSONAL INFORMATION" MEANS ANY INDIVIDUALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFOR-
MATION GATHERED IN CONNECTION WITH HEALTH CARE FROM WHICH JUDGMENTS CAN
BE MADE ABOUT A SUBJECT'S CHARACTER, HABITS, MODE OF LIVING, AVOCATIONS,
FINANCES, OCCUPATION, GENERAL REPUTATION, CREDIT, HEALTH CONDITION OR
OTHER PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS. PERSONAL INFORMATION INCLUDES A
SUBJECT'S NAME, ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER AND "MEDICAL CARE INFORMA-
TION".
(G) "PERSON" MEANS ANY NATURAL PERSON, CORPORATION, ASSOCIATION, PART-
NERSHIP OR OTHER LEGAL ENTITY.
(H) "COMMERCIAL PURPOSE" MEANS ANY PURPOSE WHICH HAS FINANCIAL GAIN AS
A MAJOR OBJECTIVE.
2. NO PERSON SHALL DISCLOSE HEALTH CARE INFORMATION OR PERSONAL INFOR-
MATION TO A PERSON WHO ENGAGES IN THE BUSINESS OF ACCESSING AND COMPIL-
ING INFORMATION FOR COMMERCIAL PURPOSE OR WHOSE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION
WILL BE IN CONNECTION WITH THE MARKETING OF A PRODUCT OR SERVICE WITHOUT
THE EXPLICIT WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION OF THE SUBJECT. SUCH AUTHORIZATION
SHALL BE WRITTEN IN PLAIN LANGUAGE; DATED; SPECIFY THE PERSON TO WHOM
THE HEALTH CARE INFORMATION OR PERSONAL INFORMATION SHALL BE DISCLOSED;
SPECIFY THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH THE HEALTH CARE INFORMATION OR PERSONAL
INFORMATION IS TO BE USED; SPECIFY THE LENGTH OF TIME SUCH AUTHORIZATION
SHALL REMAIN VALID; AND SHALL ADVISE THE SUBJECT THAT SUCH PERSON IS
ENTITLED TO RECEIVE A COPY OF THE AUTHORIZATION FORM.
3. ANY AGREEMENT PURPORTING TO WAIVE THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION IS
HEREBY PROHIBITED AND DECLARED NULL AND VOID AND AGAINST PUBLIC POLICY.
4. IN ADDITION TO OR IN LIEU OF ANY CRIMINAL PROCEEDING AVAILABLE
UNDER THIS SECTION, WHENEVER THERE SHALL BE A VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION,
APPLICATION MAY BE MADE BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL IN THE NAME OF THE
PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK TO A COURT OR JUSTICE HAVING JURISDIC-
TION BY A SPECIAL PROCEEDING TO ISSUE AN INJUNCTION, AND UPON NOTICE TO
THE DEFENDANT OF NOT LESS THAN FIVE DAYS, TO ENJOIN AND RESTRAIN THE
CONTINUANCE OF SUCH VIOLATIONS; AND IF IT SHALL APPEAR TO THE SATISFAC-
TION OF THE COURT OR JUSTICE THAT THE DEFENDANT HAS, IN FACT, VIOLATED
THIS SECTION, AN INJUNCTION MAY BE ISSUED BY SUCH COURT OR JUSTICE,
ENJOINING AND RESTRAINING ANY FURTHER VIOLATION, WITHOUT REQUIRING PROOF
THAT ANY PERSON HAS, IN FACT, BEEN INJURED OR DAMAGED THEREBY. IN ANY
SUCH PROCEEDING, THE COURT MAY MAKE ALLOWANCES TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
AS PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH SIX OF SUBDIVISION (A) OF SECTION EIGHTY-THREE
HUNDRED THREE OF THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES, AND DIRECT RESTITU-
TION. WHENEVER THE COURT SHALL DETERMINE THAT A VIOLATION OF THIS
SECTION HAS OCCURRED, THE COURT MAY IMPOSE A CIVIL PENALTY OF NOT MORE
THAN ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION. IN CONNECTION WITH ANY
SUCH PROPOSED APPLICATION, THE ATTORNEY GENERAL IS AUTHORIZED TO TAKE
PROOF AND MAKE A DETERMINATION OF THE RELEVANT FACTS AND TO ISSUE
SUBPOENAS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES.
A. 8407 3
5. ANY PERSON WHO KNOWINGLY AND WILLFULLY OBTAINS HEALTH CARE INFORMA-
TION CONCERNING A SUBJECT UNDER FALSE PRETENSES SHALL, UPON CONVICTION,
BE FINED NOT MORE THAN ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS OR IMPRISONED NOT MORE THAN
ONE YEAR, OR BOTH.
6. IN ADDITION TO THE RIGHT OF ACTION GRANTED TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, ANY PERSON WHO HAS BEEN INJURED BY A VIOLATION
OF THIS SECTION MAY BRING AN ACTION IN HIS OR HER NAME TO RECOVER HIS OR
HER ACTUAL DAMAGES OR ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS, WHICHEVER IS GREATER. THE
COURT, MAY IN ITS DISCRETION, INCREASE THE AWARD OF DAMAGES TO AN AMOUNT
NOT TO EXCEED THREE TIMES THE ACTUAL DAMAGES, UP TO ONE THOUSAND
DOLLARS, IF THE COURT FINDS THE DEFENDANT, WILLINGLY OR KNOWINGLY
VIOLATED THIS SECTION.
7. THE COURT SHALL AWARD REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEES TO A PREVAILING
PLAINTIFF.
8. NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO PROHIBIT CARE MANAGE-
MENT EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS PROVIDED TO A PATIENT ABOUT THE
PATIENT'S HEALTH CONDITION, ADHERENCE TO A PRESCRIBED COURSE OF THERAPY
OR OTHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE DRUG BEING DISPENSED.
S 2. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
have become a law.