S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
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6643--A
2017-2018 Regular Sessions
I N S E N A T E
June 9, 2017
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Introduced by Sen. DeFRANCISCO -- read twice and ordered printed, and
when printed to be committed to the Committee on Rules -- committee
discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted
to said committee
AN ACT to amend the insurance law, in relation to establishing a civil
remedy for unfair claim settlement practices
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The insurance law is amended by adding a new section 2601-a
to read as follows:
§ 2601-A. UNFAIR CLAIM SETTLEMENT PRACTICES; CIVIL REMEDY. (A) AN
INSURER DOING BUSINESS IN THIS STATE SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE HOLDER OF A
POLICY ISSUED, ISSUED FOR DELIVERY IN THIS STATE, OR RENEWED PURSUANT TO
ARTICLE THIRTY-FOUR OF THIS CHAPTER FOR DAMAGES AS PROVIDED IN THIS
SECTION UPON SUCH POLICY HOLDER PROVING BY A PREPONDERANCE OF THE
EVIDENCE THAT SUCH INSURER'S REFUSAL TO PAY OR AN UNREASONABLE DELAY BY
THE INSURER IN PAYMENT TO THE POLICY HOLDER OF AMOUNTS CLAIMED TO BE DUE
UNDER A PROVISION OF SUCH POLICY PROVIDING FIRST PARTY PROPERTY INSUR-
ANCE WAS NOT SUBSTANTIALLY JUSTIFIED. AN INSURER IS NOT SUBSTANTIALLY
JUSTIFIED IN REFUSING TO PAY OR IN UNREASONABLY DELAYING PAYMENT WHEN
THE INSURER:
(1) INTENTIONALLY, RECKLESSLY OR BY GROSS NEGLIGENCE FAILS TO PROVIDE
THE POLICY HOLDER WITH ACCURATE INFORMATION CONCERNING POLICY PROVISIONS
RELATING THE COVERAGE AT ISSUE AT ANY TIME DURING THE INSURER-POLICY
HOLDER RELATIONSHIP, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE PERIOD AFTER WHICH
A CLAIM HAS BEEN MADE BY THE POLICY HOLDER;
(2) FAILED TO EFFECTUATE IN GOOD FAITH A PROMPT, FAIR AND EQUITABLE
SETTLEMENT OF A CLAIM SUBMITTED BY SUCH POLICY HOLDER IN WHICH LIABILITY
OF SUCH INSURER TO SUCH POLICY HOLDER WAS REASONABLY CLEAR;
(3) FAILED TO PROVIDE A TIMELY WRITTEN DENIAL OF A POLICY HOLDER'S
CLAIM, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, UPON A THOROUGH INVESTIGATION OF SUCH CLAIM
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD02148-05-7
S. 6643--A 2
WITH A FULL AND COMPLETE EXPLANATION OF SUCH DENIAL OR PARTIAL DENIAL,
INCLUDING REFERENCES TO SPECIFIC POLICY PROVISIONS OR FINDINGS OF FACT
AS A RESULT OF SUCH INVESTIGATION WHEREVER POSSIBLE;
(4) FAILED TO MAKE A FINAL DETERMINATION AND NOTIFY THE POLICY HOLDER
IN WRITING OF ITS POSITION ON BOTH LIABILITY FOR, AND THE INSURER'S
VALUATION OF, A CLAIM WITHIN SIX MONTHS OF THE DATE ON WHICH IT RECEIVED
ACTUAL OR CONSTRUCTIVE NOTICE OF THE LOSS UPON WHICH THE CLAIM IS BASED;
(5) FAILED TO ACT IN GOOD FAITH BY COMPELLING THE POLICY HOLDER TO
INSTITUTE SUIT TO RECOVER AMOUNTS DUE UNDER ITS POLICY BY OFFERING
SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN THE AMOUNTS ULTIMATELY RECOVERED IN SUIT BROUGHT
BY SUCH POLICY HOLDER; OR
(6) FAILED TO PROMPTLY PROCEED WITH THE APPRAISAL PROCESS ONCE SUCH
HAS BEEN DEMANDED BY A POLICY HOLDER IN ANY CLAIM WHERE COVERAGE FOR
APPORTION OF THE CLAIM HAS BEEN ACCEPTED BY THE INSURER AND A DISAGREE-
MENT EXISTS BETWEEN THE INSURED AND THE INSURER WITH RESPECT TO THE
VALUE OF COVERED PROPERTY OR THE AMOUNT, OR EXTENT OF THE COVERED LOSS.
(B) ANY POLICY HOLDER MAY RECOVER DAMAGES, AS PROVIDED IN SUBSECTION
(E) OF THIS SECTION, FROM AN INSURER SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS
SECTION EITHER AS PART OF AN ACTION TO RECOVER UNDER THE TERMS OF AN
INSURANCE POLICY OR IN A SEPARATE ACTION; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE
POLICY HOLDER FILES WITH THE INSURER ON A FORM APPROVED BY THE SUPER-
INTENDENT AND PROVIDED UPON ISSUANCE OF A POLICY AND UPON NOTICE OF A
CLAIM TO THE POLICY HOLDER BY THE INSURER NOTICE OF AN INTENT TO BRING
AN ACTION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, WITH A RECITATION OF:
(1) THE FACTS AND CIRCUMSTANCES GIVING RISE TO THE ACTION;
(2) THE NAME OR NAMES OF ANY EMPLOYEE, AGENT OR LEGAL REPRESENTATIVE,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY INDEPENDENT ADJUSTER WHOSE SERVICES
HAVE BEEN RETAINED BY THE INSURER FOR THE PURPOSES OF ADJUSTING THE
SUBJECT CLAIM, INVOLVED IN THE CLAIM, TO THE BEST KNOWLEDGE OF THE POLI-
CY HOLDER; AND
(3) REFERENCE TO ANY SPECIFIC POLICY PROVISIONS OR LANGUAGE THE POLICY
HOLDER CONSIDERS THE INSURER TO BE IN VIOLATION OF, TO THE BEST KNOW-
LEDGE OF THE POLICY HOLDER.
AN INSURER WHO IS THE SUBJECT OF THE CIVIL REMEDY NOTICE SHALL HAVE
SIXTY DAYS FROM THE FILING OF THE REQUIRED NOTICE TO BRING THE CLAIM TO
CLOSURE TO THE SATISFACTION OF THE POLICY HOLDER AND WITHIN THE
PROVISIONS OF THE UNDERLYING COVERAGE PROVISIONS OF THE SUBJECT INSUR-
ANCE POLICY, AND THE POLICY HOLDER SHALL HAVE NO BASIS FOR AN ACTION
THEREON THEREAFTER.
(C) THE RIGHTS ENUMERATED IN THIS SECTION ARE NOT THE EXCLUSIVE REME-
DIES AVAILABLE TO THE POLICY HOLDER AND DO NOT PRECLUDE ANY COMMON LAW
CLAIMS OR OTHER STATUTORY CLAIMS THAT MAY EXIST OR RISE.
(D) IN ANY TRIAL OF A CAUSE OF ACTION ASSERTED AGAINST AN INSURER
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION, EVIDENCE OF SETTLEMENT DISCUSSIONS, OFFERS TO
COMPROMISE, LOSS RESERVES AMOUNTS, AND ANY OTHER EVIDENCE OF THE CLAIMS
SETTLEMENT PROCESS OF THE SUBJECT CLAIM, WHETHER SUCH EVIDENCE IS WRIT-
TEN AND VERBAL, SHALL BE ADMISSIBLE.
(E) A POLICY HOLDER MAY RECOVER:
(1) ACTUAL DAMAGES;
(2) CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES;
(3) REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEES OR OTHER FEES INCURRED BY THE INSURED
TO ENFORCE THE CLAIM AT ANY STAGE THEREOF; AND
(4) INTEREST AT TWICE THE STATUTORY RATE REFLECTED IN SECTION FIVE
THOUSAND FOUR OF THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES, TO BE MEASURED FROM
THE DATE OF BREACH OR THE DATE SIXTY DAYS AFTER THE FILING WITH THE
INSURER OF A SWORN PROOF OF LOSS, WHICHEVER IS EARLIER.
S. 6643--A 3
FOR THE PURPOSES OF CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, IT SHALL BE PRESUMED THAT
SUCH CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WERE REASONABLY WITHIN THE CONTEMPLATION OF
THE PARTIES AT THE TIME OF CONTRACTING.
(F) ALL AMOUNTS RECOVERED FROM AN INSURER IN ANY ACTION AUTHORIZED BY
THIS SECTION OTHER THAN ACTUAL DAMAGES SHALL BE EXCLUDED BY THE INSURER
IN ANY RATE FILING TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE SUPERINTENDENT AND SHALL NOT
CONSTITUTE ANY PORTION OF A PREMIUM CHARGED TO ANY POLICY HOLDER.
FURTHERMORE, THE EXISTENCE OR RESOLUTION OF A DISPUTE SUBJECT TO THIS
SECTION SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED IN ANY DECISION TO ISSUE, ISSUE FOR
DELIVERY IN THE STATE OR RENEW ANY POLICY TO A POLICY HOLDER.
§ 2. This act shall take effect on the one hundred eightieth day after
it shall have become a law, and shall apply to all policies issued,
issued for delivery in the state, or renewed on or after such date, and
provided, further, shall apply to all claims pending or initiated on or
after such date.