S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
6313
2019-2020 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
March 5, 2019
___________
Introduced by M. of A. BURKE -- read once and referred to the Committee
on Environmental Conservation
AN ACT to amend the environmental conservation law, in relation to
creating a Lake Erie bill of rights
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Article 17 of the environmental conservation law is amended
by adding a new title 23 to read as follows:
TITLE 23
LAKE ERIE BILL OF RIGHTS
SECTION 17-2301. DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
17-2303. VIOLATIONS.
§ 17-2301. DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.
1. RIGHTS OF LAKE ERIE ECOSYSTEM. LAKE ERIE, AND THE LAKE ERIE
WATERSHED, SHALL POSSESS THE RIGHT TO EXIST, FLOURISH, AND NATURALLY
EVOLVE. THE LAKE ERIE ECOSYSTEM SHALL INCLUDE ALL NATURAL WATER
FEATURES, COMMUNITIES OF ORGANISMS, SOIL AS WELL AS TERRESTRIAL AND
AQUATIC SUB ECOSYSTEMS THAT ARE PART OF LAKE ERIE AND ITS WATERSHED.
2. RIGHT TO A CLEAN AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT. THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE
OF NEW YORK SHALL POSSESS THE RIGHT TO A CLEAN AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT,
WHICH SHALL INCLUDE THE RIGHT TO A CLEAN AND HEALTHY LAKE ERIE AND LAKE
ERIE ECOSYSTEM.
3. RIGHTS AS SELF-EXECUTING. ALL RIGHTS SECURED BY THIS TITLE SHALL BE
INHERENT, FUNDAMENTAL, AND UNALIENABLE, AND SHALL BE SELF-EXECUTING AND
ENFORCEABLE AGAINST BOTH PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTORS.
§ 17-2303. VIOLATIONS.
1. IT SHALL BE UNLAWFUL FOR ANY PERSON TO VIOLATE THE RIGHTS RECOG-
NIZED AND SECURED BY THIS TITLE.
2. NO PERMIT, LICENSE, PRIVILEGE, CHARTER, OR OTHER AUTHORIZATION
ISSUED TO A PERSON BY ANY GOVERNMENTAL ENTITY THAT WOULD VIOLATE THE
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD10267-01-9
A. 6313 2
PROHIBITIONS OF THIS TITLE OR ANY RIGHTS SECURED BY THIS TITLE SHALL BE
DEEMED VALID WITHIN THE STATE.
§ 2. The environmental conservation law is amended by adding a new
section 71-1947 to read as follows:
§ 71-1947. ENFORCEMENT OF TITLE 23 OF ARTICLE 17.
1. ANY PERSON THAT VIOLATES ANY PROVISION OF TITLE 23 OF ARTICLE 17 OF
THIS CHAPTER SHALL BE GUILTY OF A VIOLATION AND, UPON CONVICTION THERE-
OF, SHALL BE SENTENCED TO PAY A FINE OF NO MORE THAN FIVE HUNDRED
DOLLARS FOR EACH SUCH VIOLATION. EACH DAY OR PORTION THEREOF WHERE A
VIOLATION OCCURS SHALL COUNT AS A SEPARATE VIOLATION.
2. THE COMMISSIONER SHALL ENFORCE THE RIGHTS AND PROHIBITIONS OF TITLE
23 OF ARTICLE 17 OF THIS CHAPTER. IN SUCH AN ACTION, THE STATE OR THE
RESIDENT SHALL BE ENTITLED TO RECOVER ALL COSTS OF LITIGATION, INCLUD-
ING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WITNESS AND ATTORNEY FEES.
3. PERSONS ENGAGED IN ACTIVITIES THAT VIOLATE THE RIGHTS OF THE LAKE
ERIE ECOSYSTEM, IN OR FROM ANY JURISDICTION, SHALL BE STRICTLY LIABLE
FOR ALL HARMS AND RIGHTS VIOLATIONS RESULTING FROM THOSE ACTIVITIES.
DAMAGES SHALL BE MEASURED BY THE COST OF RESTORING THE LAKE ERIE ECOSYS-
TEM AND ITS CONSTITUENT PARTS AT LEAST TO THEIR STATUS IMMEDIATELY
BEFORE THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE ACTS RESULTING IN INJURY, AND SHALL BE
PAID TO THE STATE TO BE USED EXCLUSIVELY FOR THE FULL AND COMPLETE
RESTORATION OF THE LAKE ERIE ECOSYSTEM AND ITS CONSTITUENT PARTS TO THAT
STATUS.
§ 3. This act shall take effect immediately.