LBD10945-01-9
S. 4765 2
costs, with respect to each such motor vehicle except a tow truck OR
LIMOUSINE, of twenty-five thousand dollars because of bodily injuries to
and fifty thousand dollars because of death of one person in any one
accident and, subject to said limit for one person, to a limit of fifty
thousand dollars because of bodily injury to and one hundred thousand
dollars because of death of two or more persons in any one accident, and
to a limit of ten thousand dollars because of injury to or destruction
of property of others in any one accident provided, however, that such
policy need not be for a period coterminous with the registration period
of the vehicle insured. The limit, exclusive of interest and costs, with
respect to a tow truck shall be a combined single limit of at least
three hundred thousand dollars because of bodily injury or death to one
or more persons or because of injury or destruction of property of
others in any one accident, and to a limit of twenty-five thousand
dollars because of damage to a vehicle in the care, custody and control
of the insured. THE LIMIT, EXCLUSIVE OF INTERESTS AND COSTS, WITH REGARD
TO A LIMOUSINE SHALL BE A COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT OF AT LEAST ONE MILLION
FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS BECAUSE OF BODILY INJURY OR DEATH TO ONE
OR MORE PERSONS OR BECAUSE OF INJURY OR DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY IN ANY
ONE ACCIDENT, OR THE LIMIT REQUIRED BY LOCAL LAW OR REGULATION, WHICHEV-
ER IS GREATER. Any insurer authorized to issue an owner's policy of
liability insurance as provided for in this article may, pending the
issue of such a policy, make an agreement, to be known as a binder, or
may, in lieu of such a policy, issue a renewal endorsement or evidence
of renewal of an existing policy; each of which shall be construed to
provide indemnity or protection in like manner and to the same extent as
such a policy. The provisions of this article shall apply to such bind-
ers, renewal endorsements or evidences of renewal. Every such policy
issued insuring private passenger vehicles and every renewal policy,
renewal endorsement, or other evidence of renewal issued shall have
attached thereto a rating information form which clearly specifies and
defines the rating classification assigned thereto, including any appli-
cable merit rating plan; and
§ 2. Section 311 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a
new subdivision 11 to read as follows:
11. "LIMOUSINE" MEANS A LIVERY VEHICLE THAT HAS A SEATING CAPACITY OF
EIGHT OR MORE PASSENGERS AND WHICH PROVIDES PREARRANGED PASSENGER TRANS-
PORTATION ON A DEDICATED, NONSCHEDULED, CHARTER BASIS, WHERE THE CHARGE
IS BASED ON A FLAT RATE OR PER UNIT OF TIME OR MILEAGE, OR A VEHICLE
CLASSIFIED AS A LUXURY LIMOUSINE AS DEFINED BY THE TAXI AND LIMOUSINE
COMMISSION OF NEW YORK CITY OR WESTCHESTER COUNTY OR LICENSED BY A MUNI-
CIPALITY OF NASSAU COUNTY AND REGISTERED WITH NASSAU COUNTY. SERVICE BY
A LIMOUSINE THAT BEGINS AND ENDS IN THIS STATE IS DEEMED INTRA-STATE
EVEN IF IT PASSES OUTSIDE THIS STATE DURING A PORTION OF THE TRIP. THIS
DOES NOT INCLUDE A TAXICAB THAT IS NOT OPERATED ON A REGULAR ROUTE OR
BETWEEN SPECIFIED POINTS, A VEHICLE CARRYING LESS THAN SIXTEEN INDIVID-
UALS IN A SINGLE DAILY ROUND TRIP TO COMMUTE TO AND FROM WORK, OR A
MOTOR VEHICLE TRANSPORTING ONLY SCHOOL CHILDREN AND TEACHERS TO OR FROM
A SCHOOL OR AN EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITY ORGANIZED AND FUNDED BY A SCHOOL
DISTRICT.
§ 3. Section 312 of the vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a
new subdivision 6 to read as follows:
6. (A) NO LIMOUSINE SHALL OPERATE AS SUCH IN THIS STATE UNLESS, UPON
THE REGISTRATION OF THE LIMOUSINE WITH THE DEPARTMENT, THE APPLICATION
FOR SUCH REGISTRATION IS ACCOMPANIED BY PROOF OF FINANCIAL SECURITY
REQUIRED BY SECTION THREE HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS ARTICLE WHICH SHALL BE
S. 4765 3
EVIDENCE BY PROOF OF INSURANCE OR EVIDENCE OF A FINANCIAL SECURITY BOND,
A FINANCIAL SECURITY DEPOSIT OR QUALIFICATION AS A SELF-INSURER UNDER
SECTION THREE HUNDRED SIXTEEN OF THIS ARTICLE; PROVIDED, THAT IF
DIRECTED BY REGULATION OF THE COMMISSIONER, UPON RENEWAL OF REGISTRATION
AN APPLICATION ACCOMPANIED BY A CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION OR RENEWAL
STUB IN FORCE IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE DATE OF APPLICATION FOR RENEWAL,
TOGETHER WITH A STATEMENT IN A FORM PRESCRIBED BY THE COMMISSIONER
CERTIFYING THAT THERE IS IN EFFECT PROOF OF FINANCIAL SECURITY, SHALL
MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS SECTION.
(B) THE OWNER, AND REGISTRANT IF THE REGISTRANT IS DIFFERENT FROM THE
OWNER, OF SUCH LIMOUSINE SHALL MAINTAIN PROOF OF FINANCIAL SECURITY
CONTINUOUSLY THROUGHOUT THE REGISTRATION PERIOD, AND FAILURE TO PRODUCE
PROOF OF FINANCIAL SECURITY WHEN REQUESTED TO DO SO UPON DEMAND OF A
MAGISTRATE, MOTOR VEHICLE INSPECTOR, PEACE OFFICER ACTING PURSUANT TO
HIS OR HER SPECIAL DUTIES, OR POLICE OFFICER, WHILE SUCH VEHICLE IS
BEING OPERATED UPON THE PUBLIC HIGHWAYS OF THIS STATE, SHALL BE PRESUMP-
TIVE EVIDENCE OF OPERATING A MOTOR VEHICLE WITHOUT PROOF OF FINANCIAL
SECURITY. UPON THE PRODUCTION OF PROOF OF FINANCIAL SECURITY SUCH
PRESUMPTION IS REMOVED. PRODUCTION OF PROOF OF FINANCIAL SECURITY MAY BE
MADE BY MAILING SUCH PROOF TO THE COURT HAVING JURISDICTION IN THE
MATTER, AND ANY NECESSARY RESPONSE BY SUCH COURT OR ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF
THE PRODUCTION OF SUCH PROOF MAY ALSO BE MADE BY MAIL.
(C) WHEN INSURANCE WITH RESPECT TO ANY LIMOUSINE IS TERMINATED OR
CANCELED, THE OWNER SHALL SURRENDER FORTHWITH THE REGISTRATION CERTIF-
ICATE AND NUMBER PLATES OF THE VEHICLE TO THE COMMISSIONER UNLESS PROOF
OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OTHERWISE IS MAINTAINED IN COMPLIANCE WITH THIS
ARTICLE AND SECTION THREE HUNDRED SEVENTY OF THIS TITLE.
(D) WHERE THE OWNER OF A LIMOUSINE FAILS TO MAINTAIN THE PROOF OF
FINANCIAL SECURITY REQUIRED BY THIS SECTION, IF THE OWNER OF ANY LIMOU-
SINE IS A CORPORATION, LIMITED LIABILITY CORPORATION, OR OTHER BUSINESS
ENTITY, THE OFFICERS OF SUCH CORPORATION OR ENTITY MAY BE HELD
PERSONALLY LIABLE FOR ANY JUDGMENT ENTERED AGAINST ANY DRIVER AND/OR
REGISTRANT OF THE LIMOUSINE FOR DAMAGES SUSTAINED AS A RESULT OF
PERSONAL INJURY, WRONGFUL DEATH AND/OR PROPERTY DAMAGE SUFFERED AS A
RESULT OF THE USE AND OPERATION OF THE LIMOUSINE.
§ 4. Paragraph 3 of subdivision (b) of section 345 of the vehicle and
traffic law, as amended by chapter 305 of the laws of 1995, is amended
to read as follows:
(3) Shall insure the insured, THE VEHICLE OPERATOR, or such other
person against loss from the liability imposed by law for damages,
including damages for care and loss of services because of bodily injury
to or death of any person and injury to or destruction of property aris-
ing out of the ownership, maintenance, use, or operation of such motor
vehicle or motor vehicles within the state of New York, or elsewhere in
the United States in North America or the Dominion of Canada, subject to
a limit, exclusive of interest and cost, with respect to each such motor
vehicle, except a tow truck OR A LIMOUSINE AS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION
ELEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS TITLE, of twenty-five
thousand dollars because of bodily injury to or fifty thousand dollars
because of death of one person in any one accident and, subject to said
limit for one person, to a limit of fifty thousand dollars because of
bodily injury to or one hundred thousand dollars because of death of two
or more persons in any one accident, and to a limit of ten thousand
dollars because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any
one accident. The limit, exclusive of interest and costs, with respect
to a tow truck shall be a combined single limit of three hundred thou-
S. 4765 4
sand dollars because of bodily injury [of] OR death to one or more
persons or because of injury or destruction of property of others in any
one accident, and to a limit of twenty-five thousand dollars because of
damage to a vehicle in the care, custody and control of the insured. THE
LIMIT, EXCLUSIVE OF INTEREST AND COSTS, WITH RESPECT TO A LIMOUSINE AS
DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ELEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS
TITLE SHALL BE A COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT OF AT LEAST ONE MILLION FIVE
HUNDRED THOUSAND DOLLARS BECAUSE OF BODILY INJURY OR DEATH TO ONE OR
MORE PERSONS OR BECAUSE OF INJURY OR DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY OF OTHERS
IN ANY ONE ACCIDENT, OR THE LIMIT REQUIRED BY LOCAL LAW OR REGULATION,
WHICHEVER IS GREATER.
§ 5. Paragraphs (a) and (b) of subdivision 1 of section 370 of the
vehicle and traffic law, paragraph (a) as amended by chapter 305 of the
laws of 1995 and paragraph (b) as amended by chapter 613 of the laws of
2002, are amended to read as follows:
(a) For damages for and incident to death or injuries to persons: For
each motorcycle and for each motor vehicle WHICH IS INTENDED PURSUANT TO
THIS SUBDIVISION TO BE OPERATED IN A BUSINESS OF CARRYING OR TRANSPORT-
ING PASSENGERS FOR HIRE having a seating capacity of not more than seven
passengers, a bond or insurance policy with a minimum liability of twen-
ty-five thousand dollars and a maximum liability of fifty thousand
dollars for bodily injury, and a minimum liability of fifty thousand
dollars and a maximum liability of one hundred thousand dollars for
death; for each motor vehicle WHICH IS INTENDED PURSUANT TO THIS SUBDI-
VISION TO BE OPERATED IN A BUSINESS OF CARRYING OR TRANSPORTING PASSEN-
GERS FOR HIRE having a seating capacity of not less than eight nor more
than [twelve] FOURTEEN passengers, a bond or insurance policy with a
[minimum liability] COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT of [twenty-five] AT LEAST ONE
MILLION FIVE HUNDRED thousand dollars [and a maximum liability of eighty
thousand dollars] for bodily injury[, and a minimum liability of fifty
thousand dollars and a maximum liability of one hundred fifty thousand
dollars for] OR death TO ONE OR MORE PERSONS BECAUSE OF INJURY OR
DESTRUCTION OF PROPERTY IN ANY ONE ACCIDENT, OR THE LIMIT REQUIRED BY
LOCAL LAW OR REGULATION, WHICHEVER IS GREATER; [for each motor vehicle
having a seating capacity of not less than thirteen nor more than twenty
passengers, a bond or insurance policy with a minimum liability of twen-
ty-five thousand dollars and a maximum liability of one hundred twenty
thousand dollars for bodily injury and a minimum liability of fifty
thousand dollars and a maximum liability of one hundred fifty thousand
dollars for death; for each motor vehicle having a seating capacity of
not less than twenty-one nor more than thirty passengers, a bond or
insurance policy with a minimum liability of twenty-five thousand
dollars and a maximum liability of one hundred sixty thousand dollars
for bodily injury and a minimum liability of fifty thousand dollars and
a maximum liability of two hundred thousand dollars for death; for each
motor vehicle having a seating capacity of more than thirty passengers,
a bond or insurance policy with a minimum liability of twenty-five thou-
sand dollars and a maximum liability of two hundred thousand dollars for
bodily injury and a minimum liability of fifty thousand dollars and a
maximum liability of two hundred fifty thousand dollars for death;]
(b) For damages for and incident to injury to or destruction of prop-
erty; for each motor vehicle and each motorcycle HAVING A SEATING CAPAC-
ITY OF FEWER THAN EIGHT PASSENGERS, a bond or insurance policy with a
minimum liability of ten thousand dollars.
Such bond or policy of insurance shall contain a provision for a
continuing liability thereunder, notwithstanding any recovery thereon.
S. 4765 5
Any such bond or policy of insurance shall also contain a provision that
such bond or policy of insurance shall inure to the benefit of any
person legally operating the motor vehicle or motorcycle in the business
of the owner and with his permission, in the same manner and under the
same conditions and to the same extent as to the owner. If at any time,
in the judgment of the commissioner, such bond or policy is not suffi-
cient for any cause the commissioner may require the owner of such motor
vehicle or motorcycle to replace such bond or policy with another
approved by the commissioner. A corporate surety or an insurance company
evidence of whose bond or policy has been so filed, must file a notice
in the office of the commissioner that upon the expiration of twenty
days from such filing such surety will cease to be liable upon such
bond, or in the case of such insurance company, that upon the expiration
of such time such policy will be cancelled; provided, however, that
where the owner of such motor vehicle or motorcycle has replaced cover-
age with another insurer, the expiration date shall be the date the new
coverage has commenced; further provided that where such owner has had a
total loss, the expiration date shall be the earlier of twenty days or
when the plates have been turned in to the commissioner. The commission-
er shall thereupon notify the owner of such motor vehicle or motorcycle
of the filing of such notice, and unless such owner shall file a new
bond or evidence of new bond or policy, as provided by this section, on
or before such date as shall be specified by the commissioner, or shall
place the number plates belonging to the motor vehicle or motorcycle in
the custody of the commissioner or his agent within such time, to remain
in such custody until a new bond or evidence of a new bond or policy is
filed, the registration of such motor vehicle or motorcycle shall be
revoked as of the date specified in said notice of the commissioner and
no new registration shall be issued for a period of thirty days. Forth-
with after his registration has been so revoked such owner shall return
the number plates issued for such vehicle to the commissioner. The
provisions of subdivision seven of section five hundred ten of this
chapter shall apply to such revocations.
Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this chapter, any such bond,
or policy of insurance shall also provide for uninsured motorists cover-
age in the minimal amount and in the form provided for in subsection (f)
of section three thousand four hundred twenty of the insurance law.
Nothing in this subdivision shall be construed to prevent compliance
therewith by filing a combination of bonds or policies or of a bond and
policy or evidence thereof if the commissioner approves and the require-
ments of this subdivision are otherwise met.
§ 6. Paragraph 1 and subparagraph (A) of paragraph 2 of subsection (f)
of section 3420 of the insurance law, paragraph 1 as amended by chapter
305 of the laws of 1995 and subparagraph (A) of paragraph 2 as separate-
ly amended by chapters 547 and 568 of the laws of 1997, are amended to
read as follows:
(1) No policy insuring against loss resulting from liability imposed
by law for bodily injury or death suffered by any natural person arising
out of the ownership, maintenance and use of a motor vehicle OR LIMOU-
SINE, AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ELEVEN OF SECTION THREE
HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, by the insured shall be
issued or delivered by any authorized insurer upon any motor vehicle OR
LIMOUSINE, AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ELEVEN OF SECTION
THREE HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, then principally
garaged or principally used in this state unless it contains a provision
whereby the insurer agrees that it will pay to the insured, as defined
S. 4765 6
in such provision, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein
to be prescribed by the board of directors of the Motor Vehicle Accident
Indemnification Corporation and approved by the superintendent, all
sums, not exceeding a maximum amount or limit of twenty-five thousand
dollars exclusive of interest and costs, on account of injury to and all
sums, not exceeding a maximum amount or limit of fifty thousand dollars
exclusive of interest and costs, on account of death of one person, in
any one accident, and the maximum amount or limit, subject to such limit
for any one person so injured of fifty thousand dollars or so killed of
one hundred thousand dollars, exclusive of interest and costs, on
account of injury to, or death of, more than one person in any one acci-
dent, which the insured or his legal representative shall be entitled to
recover as damages from an owner or operator of an uninsured motor vehi-
cle, unidentified motor vehicle which leaves the scene of an accident, a
motor vehicle registered in this state as to which at the time of the
accident there was not in effect a policy of liability insurance, a
stolen vehicle, a motor vehicle operated without permission of the
owner, an insured motor vehicle where the insurer disclaims liability or
denies coverage or an unregistered vehicle because of bodily injury,
sickness or disease, including death resulting therefrom, sustained by
the insured, caused by accident occurring in this state and arising out
of the ownership, maintenance or use of such motor vehicle. No payment
for non-economic loss shall be made under such policy provision to a
covered person unless such person has incurred a serious injury, as such
terms are defined in section five thousand one hundred two of this chap-
ter. Such policy shall not duplicate any element of basic economic loss
provided for under article fifty-one of this chapter. No payments of
first party benefits for basic economic loss made pursuant to such arti-
cle shall diminish the obligations of the insurer under this policy
provision for the payment of non-economic loss and economic loss in
excess of basic economic loss. Notwithstanding any inconsistent
provisions of section three thousand four hundred twenty-five of this
article, any such policy which does not contain the aforesaid provisions
shall be construed as if such provisions were embodied therein.
(A) Any such policy shall, at the option of the insured, also provide
supplementary uninsured/underinsured motorists insurance for bodily
injury, in an amount up to the bodily injury liability insurance limits
of coverage provided under such policy, subject to a maximum of two
hundred fifty thousand dollars because of bodily injury to or death of
one person in any one accident and, subject to such limit for one
person, up to five hundred thousand dollars because of bodily injury to
or death of two or more persons in any one accident, or a combined
single limit policy of five hundred thousand dollars because of bodily
injury to or death of one or more persons in any one accident; AND ANY
SUCH POLICY INSURING AGAINST LOSS RESULTING FROM LIABILITY IMPOSED BY
LAW FOR BODILY INJURY OR DEATH SUFFERED BY ANY NATURAL PERSON ARISING
OUT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MAINTENANCE, AND USE OF A LIMOUSINE, AS SUCH TERM
IS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ELEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE
VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, SHALL PROVIDE SUPPLEMENTARY
UNINSURED/UNDERINSURED MOTORISTS INSURANCE FOR BODILY INJURY, IN AN
AMOUNT OF A COMBINED SINGLE LIMIT OF ONE MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND
DOLLARS BECAUSE OF BODILY INJURY OR DEATH OF ONE OR MORE PERSONS IN ANY
ONE ACCIDENT. Provided however, an insurer issuing ANY such policy,
EXCEPT A POLICY INSURING AGAINST LOSS RESULTING FROM LIABILITY IMPOSED
BY LAW FOR BODILY INJURY OR DEATH SUFFERED BY ANY NATURAL PERSON ARISING
OUT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MAINTENANCE, AND USE OF A LIMOUSINE, AS SUCH TERM
S. 4765 7
IS DEFINED IN SUBDIVISION ELEVEN OF SECTION THREE HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THE
VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, in lieu of offering to the insured the cover-
ages stated above, may provide supplementary uninsured/underinsured
motorists insurance for bodily injury, in an amount up to the bodily
injury liability insurance limits of coverage provided under such poli-
cy, subject to a maximum of one hundred thousand dollars because of
bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident and, subject
to such limit for one person, up to three hundred thousand dollars
because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one
accident, or a combined single limit policy of three hundred thousand
dollars because of bodily injury to or death of one or more persons in
any one accident, if such insurer also makes available a personal
umbrella policy with liability coverage limits up to at least five
hundred thousand dollars which also provides coverage for supplementary
uninsured/underinsured motorists claims. Supplementary
uninsured/underinsured motorists insurance shall provide coverage, in
any state or Canadian province, if the limits of liability under all
bodily injury liability bonds and insurance policies of another motor
vehicle liable for damages are in a lesser amount than the bodily injury
liability insurance limits of coverage provided by such policy. Upon
written request by any insured covered by supplemental
uninsured/underinsured motorists insurance or his duly authorized repre-
sentative and upon disclosure by the insured of the insured's bodily
injury and supplemental uninsured/underinsured motorists insurance
coverage limits, the insurer of any other owner or operator of another
motor vehicle against which a claim has been made for damages to the
insured shall disclose, within forty-five days of the request, the bodi-
ly injury liability insurance limits of its coverage provided under the
policy or all bodily injury liability bonds. The time of the insured to
make any supplementary uninsured/underinsured motorist claim, shall be
tolled during the period the insurer of any other owner or operator of
another motor vehicle that may be liable for damages to the insured,
fails to so disclose its coverage. As a condition precedent to the obli-
gation of the insurer to pay under the supplementary
uninsured/underinsured motorists insurance coverage, the limits of
liability of all bodily injury liability bonds or insurance policies
applicable at the time of the accident shall be exhausted by payment of
judgments or settlements.
§ 7. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
within sixty days after such effective date all limousines subject to
the provisions of this act shall have in full force and effect an insur-
ance policy or other permissible bond, deposit, or qualification as
required by this act, and shall provide satisfactory proof of such
coverage to the commissioner of motor vehicles.