LBD16300-01-0
S. 8317 2
PLACE, BUT MAY INSTEAD BE HELD SOLELY BY MEANS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNI-
CATION.
§ 3. Section 605 of the business corporation law, as amended by chap-
ter 384 of the laws of 2019, is amended to read as follows:
§ 605. Notice of meetings of shareholders.
(a) Whenever under the provisions of this chapter shareholders are
required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, notice shall be
given stating the place, IF ANY, date and hour of the meeting, the means
of electronic communications, if any, by which shareholders and proxy-
holders may participate in the proceedings of the meeting and vote or
grant proxies at such meeting and, unless it is the annual meeting,
indicating that it is being issued by or at the direction of the person
or persons calling the meeting. Notice of a special meeting shall also
state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Notice of
any meeting of shareholders may be written or electronic. If, at any
meeting, action is proposed to be taken which would, if taken, entitle
shareholders fulfilling the requirements of section 623 (Procedure to
enforce shareholder's right to receive payment for shares) to receive
payment for their shares, the notice of such meeting shall include a
statement of that purpose and to that effect and shall be accompanied by
a copy of section 623 or an outline of its material terms. Notice of any
meeting shall be given not fewer than ten nor more than sixty days
before the date of the meeting, provided, however, that such notice may
be given by third class mail not fewer than twenty-four nor more than
sixty days before the date of the meeting, to each shareholder entitled
to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice is given when deposited
in the United States mail, with postage thereon prepaid, directed to the
shareholder at the shareholder's address as it appears on the record of
shareholders, or, if the shareholder shall have filed with the secretary
of the corporation a request that notices to the shareholder be mailed
to some other address, then directed to him at such other address. If
transmitted electronically, such notice is given when directed to the
shareholder's electronic mail address as supplied by the shareholder to
the secretary of the corporation or as otherwise directed pursuant to
the shareholder's authorization or instructions. An affidavit of the
secretary or other person giving the notice or of a transfer agent of
the corporation that the notice required by this section has been given
shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts
therein stated.
(b) When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, it shall not
be necessary, unless the by-laws require otherwise, to give any notice
of the adjourned meeting if the time and place, IF ANY, to which the
meeting is adjourned and the means of electronic communications, if any,
by which shareholders and proxyholders may participate in the
proceedings of the meeting and/or vote or grant proxies at the meeting
are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, and at
the adjourned meeting any business may be transacted that might have
been transacted on the original date of the meeting. However, if after
the adjournment the board fixes a new record date for the adjourned
meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each share-
holder of record on the new record date entitled to notice under para-
graph (a) OF THIS SECTION.
(c) Nothing required in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section shall
limit, restrict or supersede other forms of voting and participation.
§ 4. Paragraph (a) of section 603 of the not-for-profit corporation
law is amended to read as follows:
S. 8317 3
(a) Meetings of members may be held at such place, within or without
this state, as may be fixed by or under the by-laws or, if not so fixed,
[at the office of the corporation in this state] AS DETERMINED BY THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS. IF, PURSUANT TO THIS PARAGRAPH OR THE BY-LAWS OF THE
CORPORATION, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS IS AUTHORIZED TO DETERMINE THE PLACE
OF A MEETING OF MEMBERS, THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MAY, IN ITS SOLE
DISCRETION, DETERMINE THAT THE MEETING SHALL NOT BE HELD AT ANY PLACE,
BUT MAY INSTEAD BE HELD SOLELY BY MEANS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION.
§ 5. Section 605 of the not-for-profit corporation law, paragraph (a)
as amended by chapter 549 of the laws of 2013, is amended to read as
follows:
§ 605. Notice of meeting of members.
(a) Whenever under the provisions of this chapter members are required
or permitted to take any action at a meeting, written notice shall state
the place, IF ANY, date and hour of the meeting, THE MEANS OF ELECTRONIC
COMMUNICATIONS, IF ANY, BY WHICH MEMBERS MAY PARTICIPATE IN THE
PROCEEDINGS OF THE MEETING AND VOTE AT SUCH MEETING and, unless it is an
annual meeting, indicate that it is being issued by or at the direction
of the person or persons calling the meeting. Notice of a special meet-
ing shall also state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is
called. A copy of the notice of any meeting shall be given, personally,
by mail, or by facsimile telecommunications or by electronic mail, to
each member entitled to vote at such meeting. If the notice is given
personally, by first class mail or by facsimile telecommunications or by
electronic mail, it shall be given not less than ten nor more than fifty
days before the date of the meeting; if mailed by any other class of
mail, it shall be given not less than thirty nor more than sixty days
before such date. If mailed, such notice is given when deposited in the
United States mail, with postage thereon prepaid, directed to the member
at his address as it appears on the record of members, or, if he shall
have filed with the secretary of the corporation a written request that
notices to him be mailed to some other address, then directed to him at
such other address. If sent by facsimile telecommunication or mailed
electronically, such notice is given when directed to the member's fax
number or electronic mail address as it appears on the record of
members, or, to such fax number or other electronic mail address as
filed with the secretary of the corporation. Notwithstanding the forego-
ing, such notice shall not be deemed to have been given electronically
(1) if the corporation is unable to deliver two consecutive notices to
the member by facsimile telecommunication or electronic mail; or (2) the
corporation otherwise becomes aware that notice cannot be delivered to
the member by facsimile telecommunication or electronic mail. An affida-
vit of the secretary or other person giving the notice or of a transfer
agent of the corporation that the notice required by this section has
been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of
the facts therein stated. Whenever a corporation has more than five
hundred members, the notice may be served by publication in a newspaper
published in the county in the state in which the principal office of
the corporation is located, once a week for three successive weeks next
preceding the date of the meeting, provided that the corporation shall
also prominently post notice of such meeting on the homepage of any
website maintained by the corporation continuously from the date of
publication through the date of the meeting. A corporation shall send
notice of meetings by first class mail to any member who requests in
writing that such notices be delivered by such method.
S. 8317 4
(b) When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, it shall not
be necessary, unless the by-laws require otherwise, to give any notice
of the adjourned meeting if the time and place, IF ANY, to which the
meeting is adjourned AND THE MEANS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS, IF ANY,
BY WHICH MEMBERS MAY PARTICIPATE IN THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE MEETING AND
VOTE AT SUCH MEETING are announced at the meeting at which the adjourn-
ment is taken, and at the adjourned meeting any business may be trans-
acted that might have been transacted on the original date of the meet-
ing. However, if after the adjournment the board fixes a new record date
for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be
given to each member of record on the new record date entitled to notice
under paragraph (a) OF THIS SECTION.
(C) NOTHING REQUIRED IN PARAGRAPHS (A) AND (B) OF THIS SECTION SHALL
LIMIT, RESTRICT OR SUPERSEDE OTHER FORMS OF VOTING AND PARTICIPATION.
§ 6. Section 11 of the banking law is amended by adding a new subdivi-
sion 5 to read as follows:
5. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF LAW TO THE CONTRARY, ANY INSTRU-
MENT WHICH IS SIGNED AND DELIVERED TO THE SUPERINTENDENT PURSUANT TO ANY
PROVISION OF THIS CHAPTER, AND IS REQUIRED TO BE VERIFIED OR ACKNOWL-
EDGED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS CHAPTER, MAY BE VERIFIED OR
ACKNOWLEDGED BY INCLUDING THE STANDARD VERIFICATION OR ACKNOWLEDGMENT
LANGUAGE IN SUCH INSTRUMENT AND TRANSMITTING A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE
SIGNED INSTRUMENT BY FAX OR ELECTRONIC MEANS. THE SUPERINTENDENT SHALL
PROMULGATE ALL RULES AND REGULATIONS NECESSARY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF
THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SUBDIVISION.
§ 7. Section 171 of the tax law is amended by adding a new subdivision
twenty-ninth to read as follows:
TWENTY-NINTH. HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO ACCEPT DIGITAL SIGNATURES IN LIEU
OF HANDWRITTEN SIGNATURES ON DOCUMENTS RELATED TO THE DETERMINATION OR
COLLECTION OF TAX LIABILITY. THE COMMISSIONER SHALL PROMULGATE RULES AND
REGULATIONS REGARDING WHICH DOCUMENTS SHALL BE ACCEPTED WITH DIGITAL
SIGNATURES AND THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCH DIGITAL SIGNATURES.
§ 8. The executive law is amended by adding a new section 137-a to
read as follows:
§ 137-A. NOTARY SERVICES PROVIDED UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO TECHNOLOGY. 1.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF LAW TO THE CONTRARY, A NOTARY PUBLIC
MAY EXERCISE HIS OR HER POWERS UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO TECHNOLOGY IF THE
FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET:
(A) THE PERSON SEEKING THE NOTARY SERVICES, IF NOT PERSONALLY KNOWN TO
THE NOTARY PUBLIC, SHALL PRESENT VALID PHOTO IDENTIFICATION TO THE NOTA-
RY PUBLIC DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(B) THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE SHALL ALLOW FOR DIRECT INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE PERSON RECEIVING NOTARY SERVICES AND THE NOTARY PUBLIC.
(C) THE PERSON RECEIVING NOTARY SERVICES SHALL AFFIRMATIVELY REPRESENT
THAT HE OR SHE IS PHYSICALLY SITUATED IN THE STATE.
(D) THE PERSON RECEIVING NOTARY SERIES SHALL TRANSMIT BY FAX OR ELEC-
TRONIC MEANS A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE DOCUMENT SIGNED DURING THE AUDIO-VI-
DEO CONFERENCE DIRECTLY TO THE NOTARY PUBLIC ON THE SAME DATE AS SUCH
AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(E) THE NOTARY PUBLIC SHALL NOTARIZE THE TRANSMITTED COPY OF THE DOCU-
MENT SIGNED DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE AND TRANSMIT THE SAME BACK
TO THE PERSON RECEIVING NOTARY SERVICES.
2. A NOTARY PUBLIC MAY REPEAT THE NOTARIZATION OF THE ORIGINAL SIGNED
DOCUMENT AS OF THE DATE OF EXECUTION PROVIDED THAT THE NOTARY PUBLIC
RECEIVES SUCH ORIGINAL SIGNED DOCUMENT TOGETHER WITH THE ELECTRONICALLY
S. 8317 5
NOTARIZED COPY, NOTARIZED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUBDIVISION ONE
OF THIS SECTION, WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF EXECUTION.
§ 9. Section 3-2.1 of the estates, powers and trusts law is amended by
adding a new paragraph (c) to read as follows:
(C) (1) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION TO THE CONTRARY,
THE ATTESTATION OF WILLS MAY BE MADE UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO TECHNOLOGY IF
THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET:
(A) THE TESTATOR, IF NOT PERSONALLY KNOWN TO THE ATTESTING WITNESS,
SHALL PRESENT VALID PHOTO IDENTIFICATION TO THE ATTESTING WITNESS DURING
THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(B) THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE SHALL ALLOW FOR DIRECT INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE TESTATOR AND THE ATTESTING WITNESS.
(C) THE ATTESTING WITNESS SHALL RECEIVE A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE SIGNA-
TURE PAGE, OR PAGES, WHICH SHALL BE TRANSMITTED VIA FAX OR ELECTRONIC
MEANS, ON THE SAME DATE THAT SUCH PAGES ARE SIGNED BY THE TESTATOR
DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(D) THE ATTESTING WITNESS SHALL SIGN THE TRANSMITTED COPY OF THE
SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES, AND TRANSMIT THE SAME BACK TO THE TESTATOR.
(2) AN ATTESTING WITNESS MAY REPEAT THE ATTESTATION OF THE ORIGINAL
SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES, AS OF THE DATE OF EXECUTION PROVIDED THAT THE
ATTESTING WITNESS RECEIVES SUCH ORIGINAL SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES,
TOGETHER WITH THE ELECTRONICALLY ATTESTED COPY, ATTESTED TO PURSUANT TO
THE PROVISIONS OF SUBPARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS PARAGRAPH, WITHIN THIRTY DAYS
AFTER THE DATE OF EXECUTION.
§ 10. Section 7-1.17 of the estates, powers and trusts law is amended
by adding a new paragraph (c) to read as follows:
(C) (1) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION TO THE CONTRARY,
WITNESSING PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION MAY BE MADE UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO
TECHNOLOGY IF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET:
(A) THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED, IF
NOT PERSONALLY KNOWN TO THE WITNESSES, SHALL PRESENT VALID PHOTO IDEN-
TIFICATION TO THE WITNESSES DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(B) THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE SHALL ALLOW FOR DIRECT INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED AND
THE WITNESSES.
(C) THE WITNESSES SHALL RECEIVE A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE SIGNATURE PAGE,
OR PAGES, WHICH SHALL BE TRANSMITTED VIA FAX OR ELECTRONIC MEANS, ON THE
SAME DATE THAT SUCH PAGES ARE SIGNED BY THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS
OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(D) THE WITNESSES SHALL SIGN THE TRANSMITTED COPY OF THE SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, AND TRANSMIT THE SAME BACK TO THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT
HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED.
(2) A WITNESS MAY REPEAT THE WITNESSING OF THE ORIGINAL SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, AS OF THE DATE OF EXECUTION PROVIDED THAT THE WITNESS
RECEIVES SUCH ORIGINAL SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES, TOGETHER WITH THE ELEC-
TRONICALLY WITNESSED COPY, WITNESSED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF
SUBPARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS PARAGRAPH, WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF
EXECUTION.
§ 11. Section 2981 of the public health law is amended by adding a new
subdivision 2-a to read as follows:
2-A. ALTERNATE PROCEDURE FOR WITNESSING OF HEALTH CARE PROXIES. (A)
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION TO THE CONTRARY, WITNESS-
ING PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION MAY BE MADE UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO TECHNOLO-
GY IF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET:
S. 8317 6
(I) THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED, IF
NOT PERSONALLY KNOWN TO THE WITNESSES, SHALL PRESENT VALID PHOTO IDEN-
TIFICATION TO THE WITNESSES DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(II) THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE SHALL ALLOW FOR DIRECT INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED AND
THE WITNESSES.
(III) THE WITNESSES SHALL RECEIVE A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, WHICH SHALL BE TRANSMITTED VIA FAX OR ELECTRONIC MEANS,
ON THE SAME DATE THAT SUCH PAGES ARE SIGNED BY THE PERSON REQUESTING
THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFER-
ENCE.
(IV) THE WITNESSES SHALL SIGN THE TRANSMITTED COPY OF THE SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, AND TRANSMIT THE SAME BACK TO THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT
HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED.
(B) A WITNESS MAY REPEAT THE WITNESSING OF THE ORIGINAL SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, AS OF THE DATE OF EXECUTION PROVIDED THAT THE WITNESS
RECEIVES SUCH ORIGINAL SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES, TOGETHER WITH THE ELEC-
TRONICALLY WITNESSED COPY, WITNESSED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF PARA-
GRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF
EXECUTION.
§ 12. Section 4201 of the public health law is amended by adding a new
subdivision 3-a to read as follows:
3-A. (A) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION TO THE CONTRA-
RY, WITNESSING PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION MAY BE MADE UTILIZING AUDIO-VI-
DEO TECHNOLOGY IF THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET:
(I) THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED, IF
NOT PERSONALLY KNOWN TO THE WITNESSES, SHALL PRESENT VALID PHOTO IDEN-
TIFICATION TO THE WITNESSES DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(II) THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE SHALL ALLOW FOR DIRECT INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED AND
THE WITNESSES.
(III) THE WITNESSES SHALL RECEIVE A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, WHICH SHALL BE TRANSMITTED VIA FAX OR ELECTRONIC MEANS,
ON THE SAME DATE THAT SUCH PAGES ARE SIGNED BY THE PERSON REQUESTING
THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFER-
ENCE.
(IV) THE WITNESSES SHALL SIGN THE TRANSMITTED COPY OF THE SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, AND TRANSMIT THE SAME BACK TO THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT
HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED.
(B) A WITNESS MAY REPEAT THE WITNESSING OF THE ORIGINAL SIGNATURE
PAGE, OR PAGES, AS OF THE DATE OF EXECUTION PROVIDED THAT THE WITNESS
RECEIVES SUCH ORIGINAL SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES, TOGETHER WITH THE ELEC-
TRONICALLY WITNESSED COPY, WITNESSED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF PARA-
GRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVISION, WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF
EXECUTION.
§ 13. The real property law is amended by adding a new section 304-a
to read as follows:
§ 304-A. WITNESSING UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO TECHNOLOGY. 1. NOTWITH-
STANDING ANY PROVISION OF THIS ARTICLE TO THE CONTRARY, WITNESSING
PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION MAY BE MADE UTILIZING AUDIO-VIDEO TECHNOLOGY IF
THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS ARE MET:
(A) THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED, IF
NOT PERSONALLY KNOWN TO THE WITNESS, SHALL PRESENT VALID PHOTO IDENTIFI-
CATION TO THE WITNESS DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
S. 8317 7
(B) THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE SHALL ALLOW FOR DIRECT INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED AND
THE WITNESS.
(C) THE WITNESSES SHALL RECEIVE A LEGIBLE COPY OF THE SIGNATURE PAGE,
OR PAGES, WHICH SHALL BE TRANSMITTED VIA FAX OR ELECTRONIC MEANS, ON THE
SAME DATE THAT SUCH PAGES ARE SIGNED BY THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS
OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED DURING THE AUDIO-VIDEO CONFERENCE.
(D) THE WITNESS SHALL SIGN THE TRANSMITTED COPY OF THE SIGNATURE PAGE,
OR PAGES, AND TRANSMIT THE SAME BACK TO THE PERSON REQUESTING THAT HIS
OR HER SIGNATURE BE WITNESSED.
2. A WITNESS MAY REPEAT THE WITNESSING OF THE ORIGINAL SIGNATURE PAGE,
OR PAGES, AS OF THE DATE OF EXECUTION PROVIDED THAT THE WITNESS RECEIVES
SUCH ORIGINAL SIGNATURE PAGE, OR PAGES, TOGETHER WITH THE ELECTRONICALLY
WITNESSED COPY, WITNESSED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SUBDIVISION ONE
OF THIS SECTION, WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF EXECUTION.
§ 14. Paragraph (b) of subdivision 9 of section 5-1514 of the general
obligations law, as amended by chapter 340 of the laws of 2010, is
amended to read as follows:
(b) Be signed and dated by a principal with capacity, with the signa-
ture of the principal duly acknowledged in the manner prescribed for the
acknowledgment of a conveyance of real property, and witnessed by two
persons who are not named in the instrument as permissible recipients of
gifts, in the manner described in subparagraph two of paragraph (a) OR
PARAGRAPH (C) of section 3-2.1 of the estates, powers and trusts law.
The person who takes the acknowledgment, under this paragraph, may also
serve as one of the witnesses.
§ 15. This act shall take effect on the thirtieth day after it shall
have become a law.