S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
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5686
2019-2020 Regular Sessions
I N S E N A T E
May 13, 2019
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Introduced by Sen. HOYLMAN -- read twice and ordered printed, and when
printed to be committed to the Committee on Investigations and Govern-
ment Operations
AN ACT to amend the tax law, in relation to enabling any city having a
population of one million or more to impose and collect taxes on
vacant ground floor commercial premises
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The tax law is amended by adding a new section 1201-f to
read as follows:
§ 1201-F. COMMERCIAL VACANCY TAX. (A) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER
PROVISION OF LAW TO THE CONTRARY, ANY CITY HAVING A POPULATION OF ONE
MILLION OR MORE IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED AND EMPOWERED TO ADOPT AND AMEND
LOCAL LAWS IMPOSING IN ANY SUCH CITY A TAX SUCH AS THE LEGISLATURE HAS
OR WOULD HAVE THE POWER AND AUTHORITY TO IMPOSE ON ANY GROUND FLOOR
COMMERCIAL PREMISES THAT HAVE BEEN VACANT FOR A PERIOD OF NOT LESS THAN
SIX MONTHS. THE TAX ON SUCH VACANT GROUND FLOOR COMMERCIAL PREMISES
SHALL BE MEASURED AS DETERMINED AND CALCULATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A
FORMULA OR FORMULAS SET FORTH IN ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW, PROVIDED THAT ANY
SUCH TAX SHALL NOT EXCEED TWO THOUSAND DOLLARS PER SQUARE FOOT ANNUALLY.
ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW MAY IMPOSE SUCH TAX AT DIFFERENT RATES IN DIFFERENT
GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS OF ANY SUCH CITY. SUCH TAX SHALL BE IMPOSED ON THE
OWNER OF SUCH PREMISES.
(B) ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW SHALL DEFINE THE MEANING OF THE TERM VACANCY,
PROVIDED THAT GROUND FLOOR COMMERCIAL PREMISES THAT ARE NOT OCCUPIED BY
A TENANT, BUT FOR WHICH CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS FOR THE ALTERATION OR
RENOVATION OF SUCH PREMISES HAVE BEEN FILED WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF
BUILDINGS OF ANY SUCH CITY, OR ARE LOCATED IN REAL PROPERTY FOR WHICH
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS FOR THE ALTERATION OR RENOVATION OF SUCH REAL
PROPERTY HAVE BEEN FILED WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF BUILDINGS OF ANY SUCH
CITY, WHICH ALTERATION OR RENOVATION WOULD RENDER SUCH PREMISES UNINHA-
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD11289-02-9
S. 5686 2
BITABLE, SHALL BE DEEMED NOT TO BE VACANT UNTIL THE EARLIER OF: (1) ONE
YEAR FROM THE FILING OF SUCH CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS; OR (2) ONE MONTH
FOLLOWING THE COMPLETION OF SUCH ALTERATION OR RENOVATION. ANY SUCH
LOCAL LAW SHALL DEFINE ANY OTHER TERMS NECESSARY FOR THE IMPOSITION,
ADMINISTRATION, COLLECTION AND ENFORCEMENT OF SUCH TAX.
(C) ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW MAY PROVIDE FOR EXCLUSIONS OR EXEMPTIONS FROM
SUCH TAX OTHER THAN THOSE SPECIFIED IN THIS SECTION.
(D) ANY SUCH LOCAL LAW MAY PROVIDE FOR THE FILING OF RETURNS AND THE
PAYMENT OF THE TAX ON A MONTHLY BASIS OR ON THE BASIS OF ANY LONGER OR
SHORTER PERIOD OF TIME.
(E) FOR PURPOSES OF MEASURING THE APPLICABLE PERIOD OF VACANCY, A
VACANCY SHALL NOT BE DEEMED TO HAVE BEGUN UNTIL AT LEAST THIRTY DAYS
FOLLOWING THE DATE BY WHICH AN OWNER OF GROUND FLOOR COMMERCIAL PREMISES
WAS FIRST REQUIRED TO REGISTER SUCH PREMISES WITH THE APPLICABLE AGENCY
OF SUCH CITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH A LOCAL LAW ESTABLISHING A VACANCY
REGISTRATION REQUIREMENT.
(F) SUCH TAX MAY BE IMPOSED, ADMINISTERED, COLLECTED AND ENFORCED BY
THE COMMISSIONER OF FINANCE OF SUCH CITY BY SUCH MEANS AND IN SUCH
MANNER AS OTHER TAXES THAT ARE NOW IMPOSED, ADMINISTERED, COLLECTED AND
ENFORCED BY SUCH COMMISSIONER IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CHARTER OR ADMINIS-
TRATIVE CODE OF ANY SUCH CITY OR AS OTHERWISE MAY BE PROVIDED BY ANY
SUCH LOCAL LAW.
(G) ANY FINAL DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF ANY TAX PAYABLE HEREUNDER
SHALL BE REVIEWABLE FOR ERROR, ILLEGALITY OR UNCONSTITUTIONALITY OR ANY
OTHER REASON WHATSOEVER BY A PROCEEDING UNDER ARTICLE SEVENTY-EIGHT OF
THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES IF APPLICATION THEREFOR IS MADE TO THE
SUPREME COURT WITHIN FOUR MONTHS AFTER THE GIVING OF THE NOTICE OF SUCH
FINAL DETERMINATION, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT ANY SUCH PROCEEDING UNDER
ARTICLE SEVENTY-EIGHT OF THE CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES SHALL NOT BE
INSTITUTED BY A TAXPAYER UNLESS: (1) THE AMOUNT OF ANY TAX SOUGHT TO BE
REVIEWED, WITH SUCH INTEREST AND PENALTIES THEREON AS MAY BE PROVIDED
FOR BY LOCAL LAW OR REGULATION, SHALL BE FIRST DEPOSITED AND THERE IS
FILED AN UNDERTAKING, ISSUED BY A SURETY COMPANY AUTHORIZED TO TRANSACT
BUSINESS IN THIS STATE AND APPROVED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT OF FINANCIAL
SERVICES OF THIS STATE AS TO SOLVENCY AND RESPONSIBILITY, IN SUCH AMOUNT
AS A JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT SHALL APPROVE TO THE EFFECT THAT IF
SUCH PROCEEDING BE DISMISSED OR THE TAX CONFIRMED THE TAXPAYER WILL PAY
ALL COSTS AND CHARGES WHICH MAY ACCRUE IN THE PROSECUTION OF SUCH
PROCEEDING; OR (2) AT THE OPTION OF THE TAXPAYER SUCH UNDERTAKING MAY BE
IN A SUM SUFFICIENT TO COVER THE TAXES, INTEREST AND PENALTIES STATED IN
SUCH DETERMINATION PLUS THE COSTS AND CHARGES WHICH MAY ACCRUE AGAINST
SUCH TAXPAYER IN THE PROSECUTION OF THE PROCEEDING, IN WHICH EVENT THE
TAXPAYER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED TO PAY SUCH TAXES, INTEREST OR PENALTIES
AS A CONDITION PRECEDENT TO THE APPLICATION.
(H) WHERE ANY TAX IMPOSED HEREUNDER SHALL HAVE BEEN ERRONEOUSLY, ILLE-
GALLY OR UNCONSTITUTIONALLY COLLECTED AND APPLICATION FOR THE REFUND
THEREOF DULY MADE TO THE PROPER FISCAL OFFICER OR OFFICERS, AND SUCH
OFFICER OR OFFICERS OR, IN THE CASE OF A CITY OF ONE MILLION OR MORE
WHICH HAS ESTABLISHED A TAX APPEALS TRIBUNAL, SUCH TAX APPEALS TRIBUNAL,
SHALL HAVE MADE A DETERMINATION DENYING SUCH REFUND, SUCH DETERMINATION
SHALL BE REVIEWABLE BY A PROCEEDING UNDER ARTICLE SEVENTY-EIGHT OF THE
CIVIL PRACTICE LAW AND RULES, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT SUCH PROCEEDING IS
INSTITUTED WITHIN FOUR MONTHS AFTER THE GIVING OF THE NOTICE OF SUCH
DENIAL, THAT A FINAL DETERMINATION OF TAX DUE WAS NOT PREVIOUSLY MADE,
AND THAT AN UNDERTAKING IS FILED WITH THE PROPER FISCAL OFFICER OR OFFI-
CERS IN SUCH AMOUNT AND WITH SUCH SURETIES AS A JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME
S. 5686 3
COURT SHALL APPROVE TO THE EFFECT THAT IF SUCH PROCEEDING BE DISMISSED
OR THE TAX CONFIRMED, THE TAXPAYER WILL PAY ALL COSTS AND CHARGES WHICH
MAY ACCRUE IN THE PROSECUTION OF SUCH PROCEEDING.
(I) EXCEPT IN THE CASE OF A WILLFULLY FALSE OR FRAUDULENT RETURN WITH
INTENT TO EVADE THE TAX, NO ASSESSMENT OF ADDITIONAL TAX SHALL BE MADE
AFTER THE EXPIRATION OF MORE THAN THREE YEARS FROM THE DATE OF THE
FILING OF A RETURN, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT WHERE NO RETURN HAS BEEN
FILED AS PROVIDED BY LAW THE TAX MAY BE ASSESSED AT ANY TIME.
(J) REVENUES RESULTING FROM THE IMPOSITION OF TAX AUTHORIZED BY THIS
SECTION SHALL BE PAID INTO THE TREASURY OF ANY SUCH CITY AND SHALL BE
CREDITED TO AND DEPOSITED IN THE GENERAL FUND OF ANY SUCH CITY.
(K) IF ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION OR THE APPLICATION THEREOF TO ANY
PERSON OR CIRCUMSTANCE SHALL BE HELD INVALID, THE REMAINDER OF THIS
SECTION AND THE APPLICATION OF SUCH PROVISION TO OTHER PERSONS OR
CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL NOT BE AFFECTED THEREBY.
§ 2. This act shall take effect thirty days after the commissioner of
finance for a city with a population of one million or more submits a
report required by a local law establishing a vacancy registration
requirement to the mayor, the speaker of the council and the comptroller
of such city. Such commissioner of finance shall notify the legislative
bill drafting commission upon the submission of such report in order
that the commission may maintain an accurate and timely effective data
base of the official text of the laws of the state of New York in furth-
erance of effectuating the provisions of section 44 of the legislative
law and section 70-b of the public officers law.