S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                   4999
 
                        2023-2024 Regular Sessions
 
                           I N  A S S E M B L Y
 
                             February 27, 2023
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by  M.  of  A.  CUNNINGHAM  -- read once and referred to the
   Committee on Energy
 
 AN ACT to amend the energy law, in relation to directing the state ener-
   gy planning board to conduct a study of  the  technical  and  economic
   feasibility  of  a  one  hundred percent renewable energy system and a
   reduction in greenhouse gas emissions

   THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND  ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section  1. The energy law is amended by adding a new section 6-110 to
 read as follows:
   § 6-110. SUPPLEMENTAL STUDY ON THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC  FEASIBILITY
 OF  A  ONE  HUNDRED  PERCENT  RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM AND A REDUCTION IN
 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. 1. ON OR BEFORE SEPTEMBER FIRST, TWO  THOUSAND
 TWENTY-FOUR,  AND  EVERY  FOUR YEARS THEREAFTER, THE BOARD SHALL PUBLISH
 AND UPDATE A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY TO DETERMINE THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC
 FEASIBILITY OF MEETING THE FOLLOWING GOALS:
   (A) ONE HUNDRED PERCENT OF  THE  ELECTRICITY  CONSUMED  IN  THE  STATE
 GENERATED  BY  RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES BY THE YEAR TWO THOUSAND THIR-
 TY-FOUR, AND, ALTERNATIVELY, THE YEAR TWO THOUSAND FIFTY-FOUR.
   (B) REDUCING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM ALL  ANTHROPOGENIC  SOURCES
 ONE  HUNDRED PERCENT BELOW THE LEVELS OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE
 YEAR NINETEEN HUNDRED NINETY BY THE YEAR TWO THOUSAND  FIFTY-FOUR,  WITH
 AN  INCREMENTAL  TARGET  OF AT LEAST A FIFTY PERCENT REDUCTION IN GREEN-
 HOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BELOW THE LEVELS OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN  THE
 YEAR NINETEEN HUNDRED NINETY BY THE YEAR TWO THOUSAND THIRTY-FOUR.
   2.  SUCH  STUDY  SHALL INCLUDE, AT A MINIMUM, AN ASSESSMENT OF EACH OF
 THE FOLLOWING:
   (A) THE TIMING, COSTS, ECONOMIC IMPACTS,  AND  FEASIBILITY  ASSOCIATED
 WITH  PATHWAYS TO MEET THESE GOALS. IN TERMS OF THE EVALUATION OF COSTS,
 THE STUDY SHALL:
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD06331-01-3
 A. 4999                             2
              

 
   (I) EVALUATE, USING THE BEST AVAILABLE ECONOMIC MODELS, EMISSION ESTI-
 MATION TECHNIQUES AND OTHER  SCIENTIFIC  METHODS,  THE  TOTAL  POTENTIAL
 COSTS  AND POTENTIAL ECONOMIC AND NON-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF MEETING THESE
 GOALS;
   (II)  EVALUATE THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MEETING THE GOALS ON THE STATE'S
 BUSINESSES, JOBS, RATEPAYERS AND RESIDENTS ASSUMING:
   (A) THE RENEWABLE AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GOALS OF  OTHER  STATES
 AND  REGIONS  IN THE UNITED STATES ARE AT LEAST FIFTY PERCENT LOWER THAN
 NEW YORK STATE'S GOALS;
   (B) THE RENEWABLE AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GOALS OF  OTHER  STATES
 AND REGIONS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE AS THOSE IN PLACE AS OF THE DATE OF
 THE STUDY;
   (C) THE EXISTENCE OF TECHNOLOGY IN PLACE AS OF THE DATE OF THE STUDY.
   (B) THE TECHNICAL AND COST IMPACT ON MAINTAINING ELECTRIC SYSTEM RELI-
 ABILITY,  INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE NEED FOR AND TYPE OF BACK-UP
 POWER SUPPLIES AND OF ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS TO MAINTAIN ELECTRIC SYSTEM
 RELIABILITY.
   (C) THE SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM ACTIONS TO FEASIBLY  MEET  THE  GOALS
 ACROSS  ALL  ECONOMIC SECTORS, INCLUDING INDUSTRY, TRANSPORTATION, AGRI-
 CULTURE, BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND ENERGY PRODUCTION, INCLUDING:
   (I) AN ANALYSIS  OF  THE  ANTICIPATED  EMISSION  REDUCTIONS,  AND  THE
 ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS THEREOF, AS A RESULT OF EACH ACTION.
   (II) IDENTIFICATION OF THE ANTICIPATED LIFE-CYCLE IMPLICATIONS, CONSE-
 QUENCES,  BENEFITS  AND  COSTS  OF  IMPLEMENTING  EACH ACTION, INCLUDING
 IMPLICATIONS, CONSEQUENCES, BENEFITS AND COSTS TO NEW YORK STATE,  LOCAL
 GOVERNMENTS, BUSINESSES, RATEPAYERS AND RESIDENTS FROM IMPLEMENTATION OF
 EACH ACTION.
   (D) ESTIMATED TIMELINES FOR CONSIDERING AND IMPLEMENTING SUCH ACTIONS.
   (E)  EXPLORATION OF VARIOUS RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
 DEPLOYMENT SCENARIOS.
   (F) A REQUIREMENT FOR ANY NEW VEHICLES SOLD IN THE STATE TO BE POWERED
 BY ELECTRICITY GENERATED BY RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES OR  OTHERWISE  TO
 BE FREE OF EMISSIONS.
   (G)  PROPOSALS  FOR  NEW STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED IN THE STATE TO BE NET
 ZERO EMISSION STRUCTURES.
   (H) TRANSITION TO RENEWABLE HEATING AND COOLING PROVIDED BY HEAT PUMPS
 POWERED BY RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES OR OTHER MEANS  RESULTING  IN  NET
 ZERO EMISSIONS.
   (I)  THE  ECONOMIC  AND  SOCIAL  BENEFITS  OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
 REDUCTIONS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE FEDERAL SOCIAL COST OF  CARBON,  ANY
 OTHER TOOLS THAT THE BOARD DEEMS USEFUL AND PERTINENT FOR THIS ANALYSIS,
 AND  ANY  ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC AND PUBLIC HEALTH CO-BENEFITS (SUCH AS
 THE REDUCTION OF CO-POLLUTANTS AND THE DIVERSIFICATION OF ENERGY  SOURC-
 ES).
   3.  SUCH  STUDY  SHALL  BUILD  UPON  RELEVANT EXPERTISE ALREADY AT THE
 BOARD'S DISPOSAL.
   4. THE BOARD  MAY  CONTRACT  WITH  AN  INDEPENDENT  AND  COMPETITIVELY
 SELECTED CONTRACTOR TO UNDERTAKE SUCH STUDY.
   5.  THE  BOARD,  AND  ANY CONTRACTORS IT MAY RETAIN FOR SUCH PURPOSES,
 SHALL CONSULT WITH ENTITIES THAT HAVE RESOURCES AND EXPERTISE TO  ASSIST
 IN  SUCH  STUDY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ACADEMIC PARTNERS, ELEC-
 TRIC CORPORATIONS, ELECTRICITY  GENERATING  COMPANIES,  TRADE  ORGANIZA-
 TIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE GROUPS, AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS.
   6.  THE  BOARD  SHALL  PREPARE A REPORT ON SUCH STUDY'S FINDINGS.  THE
 BOARD SHALL TRANSMIT SUCH REPORT ALONG WITH THE STUDY TO  THE  GOVERNOR,
 THE  SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY, THE TEMPORARY PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE, THE
 A. 4999                             3
 
 CHAIR OF THE ASSEMBLY ENERGY COMMITTEE, AND  THE  CHAIR  OF  THE  SENATE
 ENERGY  AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE NO LATER THAN THIRTY DAYS AFTER
 THE STUDY'S COMPLETION.
   7.  THE  LONG  ISLAND  POWER  AUTHORITY AND THE POWER AUTHORITY OF THE
 STATE OF NEW YORK ARE AUTHORIZED, AS DEEMED FEASIBLE  AND  ADVISABLE  BY
 THEIR  RESPECTIVE  BOARDS,  TO  MAKE A VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION TOWARD THE
 STUDY.
   § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.

                             
                     S T A T E   O F   N E W   Y O R K
 ________________________________________________________________________
 
                                  4999--A
 
                        2023-2024 Regular Sessions
 
                           I N  A S S E M B L Y
 
                             February 27, 2023
                                ___________
 
 Introduced  by  M.  of  A.  CUNNINGHAM  -- read once and referred to the
   Committee on Energy -- committee  discharged,  bill  amended,  ordered
   reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee
 
 AN ACT to amend the public authorities law, in relation to directing the
   New  York state energy research and development authority to conduct a
   study of the technical and economic feasibility and  ratepayer  impact
   of a zero-emission electrical system and a reduction in greenhouse gas
   emissions
 
   THE  PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
 BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
 
   Section 1. The public authorities law  is  amended  by  adding  a  new
 section 1885 to read as follows:
   §  1885.  SUPPLEMENTAL STUDY ON THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
 OF A ONE HUNDRED PERCENT RENEWABLE ENERGY  SYSTEM  AND  A  REDUCTION  IN
 GREENHOUSE  GAS  EMISSIONS.  1. ON OR BEFORE JANUARY FIRST, TWO THOUSAND
 TWENTY-FOUR, AND EVERY FOUR YEARS THEREAFTER, THE AUTHORITY, IN  CONSUL-
 TATION  AND  COORDINATION  WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE AND THE
 DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION, AND THE  FEDERALLY  DESIGNATED
 ELECTRIC  BULK SYSTEM OPERATOR, SHALL PUBLISH AND UPDATE A COMPREHENSIVE
 STUDY TO DETERMINE THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY AND  RATEPAYER
 IMPACT OF MEETING THE FOLLOWING GOALS:
   (A) HAVING THE STATEWIDE ELECTRICAL DEMAND SYSTEM BE ZERO-EMISSIONS BY
 THE  YEAR  TWO  THOUSAND  FORTY  PURSUANT  TO SECTION SIXTY-SIX-P OF THE
 PUBLIC SERVICE LAW AND ONE HUNDRED PERCENT OF THE  ELECTRICITY  CONSUMED
 IN  THE  STATE  GENERATED  BY RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES BY THE YEAR TWO
 THOUSAND THIRTY-FOUR, AND, ALTERNATIVELY, THE YEAR TWO  THOUSAND  FIFTY-
 FOUR.
   (B)  REDUCING  STATEWIDE  GREENHOUSE  GAS EMISSIONS BY A PERCENTAGE OF
 NINETEEN HUNDRED NINETY EMISSIONS FROM GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION  SOURCES,
 PURSUANT  TO  CHAPTER  ONE HUNDRED SIX OF THE LAWS OF TWO THOUSAND NINE-
 TEEN, AS FOLLOWS:
 
  EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
                       [ ] is old law to be omitted.
                                                            LBD06331-05-3
              

 A. 4999--A                          2
 
   (I) BY TWO THOUSAND THIRTY: SIXTY PERCENT OF NINETEEN  HUNDRED  NINETY
 EMISSIONS; AND
   (II) BY TWO THOUSAND FIFTY: FIFTEEN PERCENT OF NINETEEN HUNDRED NINETY
 EMISSIONS.
   2.  SUCH  STUDY  SHALL INCLUDE, AT A MINIMUM, AN ASSESSMENT OF EACH OF
 THE FOLLOWING:
   (A) THE TIMING, COSTS, ECONOMIC IMPACTS, RATEPAYER IMPACTS AND  FEASI-
 BILITY  ASSOCIATED  WITH  PATHWAYS  TO  MEET THESE GOALS PURSUANT TO THE
 FINAL SCOPING PLAN ADOPTED BY THE NEW YORK STATE CLIMATE ACTION  COUNCIL
 PURSUANT  TO  CHAPTER  ONE HUNDRED SIX OF THE LAWS OF TWO THOUSAND NINE-
 TEEN.  IN TERMS OF THE EVALUATION OF COSTS, THE STUDY SHALL:
   (I) EVALUATE, USING THE BEST AVAILABLE ECONOMIC MODELS, EMISSION ESTI-
 MATION TECHNIQUES AND OTHER  SCIENTIFIC  METHODS,  THE  TOTAL  POTENTIAL
 COSTS  AND POTENTIAL ECONOMIC AND NON-ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF MEETING THESE
 GOALS;
   (II) EVALUATE THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MEETING THE GOALS ON THE  STATE'S
 BUSINESSES, JOBS, RATEPAYERS AND RESIDENTS ASSUMING:
   (A)  THE  RENEWABLE AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GOALS OF OTHER STATES
 AND REGIONS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE AT LEAST FIFTY PERCENT  LOWER  THAN
 NEW YORK STATE'S GOALS;
   (B)  THE  RENEWABLE AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GOALS OF OTHER STATES
 AND REGIONS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE AS THOSE IN PLACE AS OF THE DATE OF
 THE STUDY;
   (C) THE EXISTENCE OF TECHNOLOGY IN PLACE AS OF THE DATE OF THE STUDY.
   (B) THE TECHNICAL AND COST IMPACT ON MAINTAINING ELECTRIC SYSTEM RELI-
 ABILITY, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE NEED FOR AND TYPE OF  BACK-UP
 POWER  SUPPLIES  AND  OF  ENERGY  STORAGE  SYSTEMS  AND OF ZERO-EMISSION
 DISPATCHABLE RESOURCES TO MAINTAIN ELECTRIC SYSTEM RELIABILITY.
   (C) THE SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM ACTIONS TO FEASIBLY  MEET  THE  GOALS
 ACROSS  ALL  ECONOMIC SECTORS, INCLUDING INDUSTRY, TRANSPORTATION, AGRI-
 CULTURE, BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND ENERGY PRODUCTION, INCLUDING:
   (I) AN ANALYSIS  OF  THE  ANTICIPATED  EMISSION  REDUCTIONS,  AND  THE
 ECONOMIC  IMPLICATIONS AND RATEPAYER IMPACT THEREOF, AS A RESULT OF EACH
 ACTION.
   (II) IDENTIFICATION OF THE ANTICIPATED LIFE-CYCLE IMPLICATIONS, CONSE-
 QUENCES, BENEFITS AND  COSTS  OF  IMPLEMENTING  EACH  ACTION,  INCLUDING
 IMPLICATIONS,  CONSEQUENCES, BENEFITS AND COSTS TO NEW YORK STATE, LOCAL
 GOVERNMENTS, BUSINESSES, RATEPAYERS AND RESIDENTS FROM IMPLEMENTATION OF
 EACH ACTION.
   (III) DETAILED ANALYSIS TO ESTIMATE THE ANNUAL AND TOTAL  COST  IMPACT
 ON  ELECTRIC  AND  NATURAL GAS BILLS FOR ALL CUSTOMER SECTORS ACROSS THE
 STATE, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, RESIDENTIAL, SMALL AND LARGE BUSI-
 NESS CUSTOMERS, ASSOCIATED WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ADOPTED  SCOP-
 ING PLAN, ALONG WITH A RANGE OF COSTS, BASED UPON THE SELECTION OF VARI-
 OUS  POTENTIAL  DECARBONIZATION  PATHWAYS,  TO  MINIMIZE  COSTS  AND  TO
 MAXIMIZE THE TOTAL BENEFITS TO NEW YORK STATE.
   (IV) SPECIFIC COST STUDY SCENARIOS THAT SHOW RESIDENTIAL,  COMMERCIAL,
 INDUSTRIAL,  AND  INSTITUTIONAL  ENERGY  CONSUMERS',  ALONG  WITH  LOCAL
 GOVERNMENTS,  INCREASED COSTS, NOT ONLY ON THE ELECTRIC SYSTEM, BUT ALSO
 ON THE GAS SYSTEM.
   (A) THE ANALYSIS SHALL  SPECIFY  CONSUMERS'  COSTS  OF  INSTALLING  OR
 ACCESSING  RENEWABLE  ENERGY AND ENERGY STORAGE, REPLACING THEIR HEATING
 SYSTEMS, UPGRADING THEIR ELECTRIC SERVICE, PURCHASING ELECTRIC CARS, AND
 CHARGING THEM.
   (B) THE ANALYSIS SHALL DETAIL HOW CONSUMERS WILL PAY FOR  THESE  MEAS-
 URES,  ASSESS WHETHER THE ADOPTED SCOPING PLAN INCLUDES SUFFICIENT MEAS-
 A. 4999--A                          3
 
 URES TO AVOID OR REDUCE UPFRONT COSTS ON CONSUMERS, AND RECOMMEND  ADDI-
 TIONAL AFFORDABILITY MEASURES.
   (D) ESTIMATED TIMELINES FOR CONSIDERING AND IMPLEMENTING SUCH ACTIONS.
   (E) EXPLORATION OF VARIOUS RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGY, ENERGY STORAGE, ZERO-
 EMISSION DISPATCHABLE RESOURCES AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY DEPLOYMENT SCENAR-
 IOS.
   (F) A REQUIREMENT FOR ANY NEW VEHICLES SOLD IN THE STATE TO BE POWERED
 BY  ELECTRICITY  GENERATED BY RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES OR OTHERWISE TO
 BE FREE OF EMISSIONS.
   (G) PROPOSALS FOR NEW STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTED IN THE STATE  TO  BE  NET
 ZERO-EMISSION STRUCTURES.
   (H) TRANSITION TO RENEWABLE HEATING AND COOLING PROVIDED BY HEAT PUMPS
 POWERED  BY  RENEWABLE  ENERGY RESOURCES OR OTHER MEANS RESULTING IN NET
 ZERO EMISSIONS.
   (I) THE ECONOMIC AND  SOCIAL  BENEFITS  OF  GREENHOUSE  GAS  EMISSIONS
 REDUCTIONS,  TAKING  INTO ACCOUNT THE FEDERAL SOCIAL COST OF CARBON, ANY
 OTHER TOOLS THAT THE AUTHORITY DEEMS USEFUL AND PERTINENT FOR THIS ANAL-
 YSIS, AND ANY ENVIRONMENTAL,  ECONOMIC  AND  PUBLIC  HEALTH  CO-BENEFITS
 (SUCH AS THE REDUCTION OF CO-POLLUTANTS AND THE DIVERSIFICATION OF ENER-
 GY SOURCES), AND AVOIDING, LOWERING, MINIMIZING, OFFSETTING, OR MITIGAT-
 ING,  TO  THE  MAXIMUM EXTENT PRACTICABLE USING VERIFIABLE MEASURES, ANY
 SIGNIFICANT INCREASE OF THE  EXISTING  DISPROPORTIONATE POLLUTION BURDEN
 ON A DISADVANTAGED COMMUNITY, PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION THREE  OF  SECTION
 SEVEN  OF  CHAPTER ONE HUNDRED SIX OF THE LAWS OF TWO THOUSAND NINETEEN,
 PROVIDED THAT THE TERM  "POLLUTION"  SHALL  HAVE  THE  SAME  MEANING  AS
 DEFINED  IN  SUBDIVISION NINETEEN OF SECTION 1-0303 OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL
 CONSERVATION LAW.
   3. SUCH STUDY SHALL BUILD  UPON  RELEVANT  EXPERTISE  ALREADY  AT  THE
 AUTHORITY'S DISPOSAL.
   4.  THE  AUTHORITY  MAY CONTRACT WITH AN INDEPENDENT AND COMPETITIVELY
 SELECTED CONTRACTOR TO UNDERTAKE SUCH STUDY.
   5. THE AUTHORITY, AND ANY CONTRACTORS IT MAY RETAIN FOR SUCH PURPOSES,
 SHALL CONSULT WITH ENTITIES THAT HAVE RESOURCES AND EXPERTISE TO  ASSIST
 IN  SUCH  STUDY, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ACADEMIC PARTNERS, ELEC-
 TRIC CORPORATIONS, GAS CORPORATIONS, ELECTRICITY  GENERATING  COMPANIES,
 TRADE  ORGANIZATIONS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  JUSTICE  GROUPS,  LABOR UNIONS AND
 OTHER STAKEHOLDERS.
   6. THE AUTHORITY SHALL PREPARE A REPORT ON SUCH STUDY'S FINDINGS.  THE
 AUTHORITY SHALL TRANSMIT SUCH REPORT ALONG WITH THE STUDY TO THE  GOVER-
 NOR, THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY, THE TEMPORARY PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE,
 THE  CHAIR OF THE ASSEMBLY ENERGY COMMITTEE, AND THE CHAIR OF THE SENATE
 ENERGY AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMMITTEE NO LATER THAN THIRTY DAYS  AFTER
 THE STUDY'S COMPLETION.
   7.  THE  LONG  ISLAND  POWER  AUTHORITY AND THE POWER AUTHORITY OF THE
 STATE OF NEW YORK ARE AUTHORIZED, AS DEEMED FEASIBLE  AND  ADVISABLE  BY
 THEIR  RESPECTIVE  BOARDS,  TO  MAKE A VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION TOWARD THE
 STUDY.
   § 2. This act shall take effect immediately.