S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
7135
2023-2024 Regular Sessions
I N S E N A T E
May 18, 2023
___________
Introduced by Sens. HOYLMAN-SIGAL, KRUEGER -- read twice and ordered
printed, and when printed to be committed to the Committee on Investi-
gations and Government Operations
AN ACT to amend the civil rights law, in relation to prohibiting the use
of biometric surveillance system or biometric surveillance information
in places of public accommodation
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Article 4 of the civil rights law is amended to add a new
section 40-h to read as follows:
§ 40-H. BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE. 1. FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION:
(A) "BIOMETRIC INFORMATION" MEANS ANY MEASURABLE PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOLOG-
ICAL OR BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT ARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO AN INDIVID-
UAL PERSON, INCLUDING FACIAL CHARACTERISTICS, FINGERPRINT CHARACTER-
ISTICS, HAND CHARACTERISTICS, EYE CHARACTERISTICS, VOCAL
CHARACTERISTICS, AND ANY OTHER PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT CAN BE
USED, SINGLY OR IN COMBINATION WITH EACH OTHER OR WITH OTHER INFORMA-
TION, TO ESTABLISH INDIVIDUAL IDENTITY. EXAMPLES OF BIOMETRIC INFORMA-
TION INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, FINGERPRINTS, HANDPRINTS, RETINA
AND IRIS PATTERNS, DNA SEQUENCE, VOICE, GAIT, AND FACIAL GEOMETRY.
(B) "BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE" MEANS EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING, ALONE OR
IN COMBINATION:
(I) AN AUTOMATED OR SEMI-AUTOMATED PROCESS BY WHICH A PERSON IS IDEN-
TIFIED OR ATTEMPTED TO BE IDENTIFIED BASED ON THEIR BIOMETRIC INFORMA-
TION, INCLUDING IDENTIFICATION OF KNOWN OR UNKNOWN INDIVIDUALS OR
GROUPS; AND/OR
(II) AN AUTOMATED OR SEMI-AUTOMATED PROCESS THAT GENERATES, OR ASSISTS
IN GENERATING, SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION ABOUT AN INDIVIDUAL BASED ON
THEIR BIOMETRIC INFORMATION.
(C) "BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM" MEANS ANY COMPUTER SOFTWARE OR
APPLICATION THAT PERFORMS BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE.
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD07865-01-3
S. 7135 2
(D) "SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION" MEANS EITHER OF THE FOLLOWING, ALONE OR
IN COMBINATION:
(I) ANY INFORMATION ABOUT A KNOWN OR UNKNOWN INDIVIDUAL, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, A PERSON'S NAME, DATE OF BIRTH, GENDER, AGGREGATED
LOCATION DATA, OR CRIMINAL BACKGROUND; AND/OR
(II) ANY INFORMATION DERIVED FROM BIOMETRIC INFORMATION, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO, ASSESSMENTS ABOUT AN INDIVIDUAL'S SENTIMENT, STATE OF
MIND OR LEVEL OF DANGEROUSNESS.
(E) "USE" DOES NOT INCLUDE USING BIOMETRIC INFORMATION TO UNLOCK A
PERSONAL OR BUSINESS DEVICE, SUCH AS A TELEPHONE OR LAPTOP COMPUTER.
2. IT SHALL BE UNLAWFUL FOR ANY PERSON WHO IS THE OWNER, FRANCHISOR,
FRANCHISEE, LESSOR, LESSEE, PROPRIETOR, MANAGER, SUPERINTENDENT, AGENT
OR EMPLOYEE OF ANY PLACE OR PROVIDER OF PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION TO USE ANY
BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM OR BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION OR
ENTER INTO ANY AGREEMENT THAT AUTHORIZES ANY THIRD PARTY, ON BEHALF OF
THE OWNER, FRANCHISOR, FRANCHISEE, LESSOR, LESSEE, PROPRIETOR, MANAGER,
SUPERINTENDENT, AGENT OR EMPLOYEE OF ANY PLACE OR PROVIDER OF PUBLIC
ACCOMMODATION, TO USE ANY BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM OR BIOMETRIC
SURVEILLANCE INFORMATION.
3. NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO PROHIBIT THE OWNER,
FRANCHISOR, FRANCHISEE, LESSOR, LESSEE, PROPRIETOR, MANAGER, SUPERINTEN-
DENT, AGENT OR EMPLOYEE OF ANY PLACE OR PROVIDER OF PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION
FROM USING BIOMETRIC SURVEILLANCE ON AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE, SUCH AS A
CELL PHONE OR TABLET FOR THE SOLE PURPOSE OF USER AUTHENTICATION.
4. NO PLACE OR PROVIDER OF PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION MAY COLLECT, CAPTURE,
PURCHASE, RECEIVE THROUGH TRADE, OR OTHERWISE OBTAIN A PERSON'S BIOME-
TRIC INFORMATION, UNLESS IT FIRST:
(A) INFORMS THE SUBJECT OR THE SUBJECT'S LEGALLY AUTHORIZED REPRESEN-
TATIVE IN WRITING THAT BIOMETRIC INFORMATION IS BEING COLLECTED OR
STORED;
(B) INFORMS THE SUBJECT OR THE SUBJECT'S LEGALLY AUTHORIZED REPRESEN-
TATIVE IN WRITING OF THE SPECIFIC PURPOSE AND LENGTH OF TERM FOR WHICH
BIOMETRIC INFORMATION IS BEING COLLECTED, STORED, AND USED; AND
(C) RECEIVES A WRITTEN RELEASE EXECUTED BY THE SUBJECT OF THE BIOME-
TRIC INFORMATION OR THE SUBJECT'S LEGALLY AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE; AND
THE SUBJECT MUST PROVIDE THEIR CONSENT KNOWINGLY AND VOLUNTARILY THROUGH
THE WRITTEN RELEASE, AND GIVING CONSENT MAY NOT BE MADE A CONDITION OF
PROVISION OF A SERVICE BY A PROVIDER OF A PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION OR ENTRY
INTO A PLACE OF PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION.
5. AN OWNER, FRANCHISOR, FRANCHISEE, LESSOR, LESSEE, PROPRIETOR,
MANAGER, SUPERINTENDENT, AGENT OR EMPLOYEE OF ANY PLACE OR PROVIDER OF
PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION IN POSSESSION OF BIOMETRIC INFORMATION SHALL:
(A) STORE, TRANSMIT, AND PROTECT FROM DISCLOSURE ALL BIOMETRIC INFOR-
MATION USING THE REASONABLE STANDARD OF CARE WITHIN THE INDUSTRY OF THE
OWNER, FRANCHISOR, FRANCHISEE, LESSOR, LESSEE, PROPRIETOR, MANAGER,
SUPERINTENDENT, AGENT OR EMPLOYEE OF ANY PLACE OR PROVIDER OF PUBLIC
ACCOMMODATION; AND
(B) STORE, TRANSMIT, AND PROTECT FROM DISCLOSURE ALL BIOMETRIC INFOR-
MATION IN A MANNER THAT IS THE SAME AS OR MORE PROTECTIVE THAN THE
MANNER IN WHICH THE OWNER, FRANCHISOR, FRANCHISEE, LESSOR, LESSEE,
PROPRIETOR, MANAGER, SUPERINTENDENT, AGENT OR EMPLOYEE OF ANY PLACE OR
PROVIDER OF PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION STORES, TRANSMITS, AND PROTECTS OTHER
CONFIDENTIAL AND SENSITIVE INFORMATION.
6. (A) ANY PERSON WHO OR ANY AGENCY, BUREAU, CORPORATION OR ASSOCI-
ATION WHICH SHALL VIOLATE ANY OF THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION OR WHO
OR WHICH SHALL AID OR INCITE THE VIOLATION OF ANY OF SAID PROVISIONS
S. 7135 3
SHALL FOR EACH AND EVERY VIOLATION THEREOF BE LIABLE TO A PENALTY OF NOT
LESS THAN THE GREATER OF ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS OF ACTUAL DAMAGES, TO BE
RECOVERED BY THE PERSON AGGRIEVED THEREBY OR BY ANY RESIDENT OF THIS
STATE, TO WHOM SUCH PERSON SHALL ASSIGN THEIR CAUSE OF ACTION, IN ANY
COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION IN THE COUNTY IN WHICH THE PLAINTIFF OR
THE DEFENDANT SHALL RESIDE.
(B) IN ANY ACTION BROUGHT UNDER THIS SECTION, THE COURT SHALL AWARD
REASONABLE ATTORNEYS' FEES TO A PREVAILING PLAINTIFF.
(C) UPON MOTION FROM A CRIMINAL DEFENDANT, A COURT SHALL ORDER THAT
EVIDENCE BE SUPPRESSED OR EXCLUDED IF THE COURT FINDS THAT SUCH EVIDENCE
WAS OBTAINED IN VIOLATION OF THIS SECTION.
(D) NOTHING IN THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT ANY INDI-
VIDUAL'S RIGHTS UNDER STATE OR FEDERAL LAW.
7. SEVERABILITY. IF ANY PROVISION OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE HELD TO BE
INVALID BY A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, THEN SUCH PROVISION SHALL
BE CONSIDERED SEPARATELY AND APART FROM THE REMAINING PROVISIONS, WHICH
SHALL REMAIN IN FULL FORCE AND EFFECT.
§ 2. This law shall take effect immediately.