S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
1003
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
(PREFILED)
January 8, 2025
___________
Introduced by M. of A. STECK, SIMON, SEAWRIGHT, ZINERMAN -- read once
and referred to the Committee on Judiciary
AN ACT to amend the civil rights law, in relation to the imposition of
penalties and remedies in suits brought for the vindication of civil
rights or human rights; and to repeal section 24 of the correction law
relating thereto
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Article 10 and sections 100 and 101 of the civil rights
law, as renumbered by chapter 263 of the laws of 2019, are renumbered
article 11 and sections 110 and 111 and a new article 10 is added to
read as follows:
ARTICLE 10
PENALTIES AND REMEDIES
SECTION 100. PENALTIES AND REMEDIES.
§ 100. PENALTIES AND REMEDIES. 1. EVERY PERSON OR THE STATE, ITS
SUBDIVISIONS, AGENCIES, PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, AND ANY OTHER AFFILIATED
ENTITIES, AND ALL MUNICIPAL ENTITIES IN THIS STATE, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO COUNTIES, SCHOOL DISTRICTS, TOWNS, AND VILLAGES WHO, IS
ACTING OR WHICH ACTS UNDER COLOR OF ANY STATUTE, ORDINANCE, REGULATION,
CUSTOM, OR USAGE, OF THIS STATE, SUBJECTS, OR CAUSES TO BE SUBJECTED,
ANY CITIZEN OF THIS STATE OR OTHER PERSON WITHIN THE JURISDICTION THERE-
OF TO THE DEPRIVATION OF ANY RIGHTS, PRIVILEGES, OR IMMUNITIES SECURED
BY THE CONSTITUTION AND LAWS OF THIS STATE, SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE PARTY
INJURED IN AN ACTION AT LAW, SUIT IN EQUITY, OR OTHER PROPER PROCEEDING
FOR REDRESS, EXCEPT THAT IN ANY ACTION BROUGHT AGAINST A JUDICIAL OFFI-
CER FOR AN ACT OR OMISSION TAKEN IN SUCH OFFICER'S JUDICIAL CAPACITY
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD02320-01-5
A. 1003 2
SUCH OFFICER SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE UNLESS SUCH ACTION WAS CLEARLY IN
EXCESS OF SUCH OFFICER'S JURISDICTION.
2. THE SUPREME COURT SHALL HAVE JURISDICTION OVER ALL SUITS BROUGHT
FOR THE VINDICATION OF CIVIL RIGHTS AS PROVIDED IN SUBDIVISION ONE OF
THIS SECTION. THE PARTIES IN AN ACTION BROUGHT PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION
SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO A JURY TRIAL.
3. (A) IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO ENFORCE THIS SECTION OR THE
HUMAN RIGHTS LAW, THE COURT SHALL AWARD THE PREVAILING PARTY, OTHER THAN
THE STATE, A REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEE AS PART OF THE COSTS.
(B) IN AWARDING AN ATTORNEY'S FEE UNDER PARAGRAPH (A) OF THIS SUBDIVI-
SION IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO ENFORCE A PROVISION OF THIS ARTICLE,
THE COURT SHALL INCLUDE REASONABLE EXPERT FEES AS PART OF THE ATTORNEY'S
FEE.
4. THIS ARTICLE SHALL DISPLACE ANY JURISDICTION CURRENTLY EXISTING IN
THE COURTS OR ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES OF THIS STATE AND SHALL BE THE
EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR THE TYPE OF INJURY REFERRED TO IN THIS SECTION.
5. IN INTERPRETING THIS SECTION, THE COURTS MAY, EXCEPT AS SET FORTH
HEREIN, CONSIDER THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES ALREADY ENUNCIATED BY THE
FEDERAL COURTS IN INTERPRETING 42 U.S.C. §§ 1983 AND 1988, WHICH ARE THE
PARALLEL FEDERAL CIVIL RIGHTS LAWS, EXCEPT AS INDICATED IN SUBDIVISIONS
SIX AND SEVEN OF THIS SECTION.
6. THE STATE HEREBY WAIVES ITS SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY AND CONSENTS ON
BEHALF OF ITSELF, ITS SUBDIVISIONS, AGENCIES, PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, AND
ANY OTHER AFFILIATED ENTITY TO SUIT AS PROVIDED HEREIN. THE DOCTRINE OF
QUALIFIED IMMUNITY IS HEREBY ABOLISHED AND SHALL NOT BE ASSERTED AS A
DEFENSE TO ANY ACTION ARISING UNDER THIS SECTION, UNLESS SPECIFICALLY
SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION.
7. THE STATE, ITS SUBDIVISIONS, AGENCIES, PUBLIC AUTHORITIES, AND ANY
OTHER AFFILIATED ENTITIES, AND ALL MUNICIPAL ENTITIES IN THIS STATE,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO COUNTIES, SCHOOL DISTRICTS, TOWNS, AND
VILLAGES, SHALL BE LIABLE IN RESPONDANT SUPERIOR FOR THE ACTIONS OF ANY
PERSON OR ENTITY COMMITTING CONSTITUTIONAL VIOLATIONS AS REFERRED TO IN
SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION. ANY ACT COMMITTED WHILE ON THE PREM-
ISES OF THE EMPLOYER OR USING EQUIPMENT OR AN INSTRUMENTALITY PROVIDED
BY THE EMPLOYER SHALL BE CONSIDERED WITHIN THE SCOPE OF EMPLOYMENT.
§ 2. Section 24 of the correction law is REPEALED.
§ 3. This act shall take effect on the ninetieth day after it shall
have become a law.