S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
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10047
I N A S S E M B L Y
January 30, 2026
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Introduced by M. of A. LAVINE -- read once and referred to the Committee
on Consumer Affairs and Protection
AN ACT to amend the general business law, in relation to establishing
disclosure requirements for AI-generated or materially AI-altered
media depicting historically recognized human disasters when such
media is publicly distributed
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The general business law is amended by adding a new article
47-A to read as follows:
ARTICLE 47-A
AI-GENERATED OR MATERIALLY AI-ALTERED MEDIA
SECTION 1710. DEFINITIONS.
1711. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS FOR AI-GENERATED OR MATERIALLY
AI-ALTERED MEDIA; HISTORICALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN DISAS-
TERS.
1712. ONLINE PLATFORM OPERATORS.
1713. ENFORCEMENT.
1714. CONSTRUCTION.
1715. RULEMAKING AUTHORITY.
1716. SEVERABILITY.
§ 1710. DEFINITIONS. AS USED IN THIS ARTICLE:
1. "AI" OR "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE" MEANS A MACHINE-BASED SYSTEM THAT
CAN, FOR A GIVEN SET OF HUMAN-DEFINED OBJECTIVES, MAKE PREDICTIONS,
RECOMMENDATIONS, OR DECISIONS INFLUENCING REAL OR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS,
ABSTRACT SUCH PERCEPTIONS INTO MODELS THROUGH ANALYSIS IN AN AUTOMATED
MANNER, AND USE MODEL INFERENCE TO FORMULATE OPTIONS FOR INFORMATION OR
ACTION.
2. "AI-GENERATED CONTENT" OR "CONTENT" MEANS CONTENT CREATED BY AN
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODEL, WHICH CAN INCLUDE TEXT, IMAGES, AUDIO,
AND VIDEO, PRODUCED THROUGH ALGORITHMS TRAINED ON LARGE DATASETS.
3. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODEL" MEANS AN INFORMATION SYSTEM OR
COMPONENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT IMPLEMENTS ARTIFICIAL INTELLI-
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD14568-01-6
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GENCE TECHNOLOGY AND USES COMPUTATIONAL, STATISTICAL, OR MACHINE-LEARN-
ING TECHNIQUES TO PRODUCE OUTPUTS FROM A GIVEN SET OF INPUTS.
4. "HISTORICALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN DISASTER" MEANS AN EVENT THAT
INVOLVED INJURY TO OR THE DEATH OF MORE THAN TEN PEOPLE, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO EVENTS INVOLVING GENOCIDE, WAR CRIMES, SLAVERY, TERRORIST
ATTACKS, MASS CASUALTY EVENTS, PANDEMICS AND NATURAL DISASTERS CAUSING
MASS DEATH.
5. "INFORMATION CONTENT PROVIDER" MEANS ANY PERSON OR ENTITY THAT IS
RESPONSIBLE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, FOR THE CREATION OR DEVELOPMENT OF
INFORMATION PROVIDED THROUGH THE INTERNET OR ANY OTHER INTERACTIVE
COMPUTER SERVICE.
6. "MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA" MEANS ANY IMAGE, VIDEO, AUDIO, TEXT,
OR ANY TECHNOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION OF SPEECH OR CONDUCT FULLY OR
PARTIALLY CREATED OR MODIFIED THAT:
(A) EXHIBITS A HIGH LEVEL OF AUTHENTICITY OR CONVINCING APPEARANCE
THAT IS VISUALLY OR AUDIBLY INDISTINGUISHABLE FROM REALITY TO A REASON-
ABLE PERSON;
(B) DEPICTS A SCENARIO THAT DID NOT ACTUALLY OCCUR OR THAT HAS BEEN
ALTERED IN A SIGNIFICANT WAY FROM HOW THEY ACTUALLY OCCURRED; AND
(C) IS CREATED BY OR WITH SOFTWARE, MACHINE LEARNING, ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE, OR ANY OTHER COMPUTER-GENERATED OR TECHNOLOGICAL MEANS,
INCLUDING ADAPTING, MODIFYING, MANIPULATING, OR ALTERING A REALISTIC
DEPICTION.
7. "ONLINE PLATFORM OPERATOR" MEANS ANY PERSON OPERATING, PROVIDING OR
OFFERING A COMPUTER APPLICATION OR SERVICE THAT PROVIDES DIGITAL CONTENT
AND SERVICES ON THE INTERNET, INCLUDING A PUBLIC OR SEMI-PUBLIC WEBSITE,
ONLINE SERVICE, SOCIAL MEDIA SERVICE, ONLINE APPLICATION, OR MOBILE
APPLICATION WITH MORE THAN ONE MILLION SUBSCRIBERS.
8. "PERSON" MEANS AN INDIVIDUAL, PROPRIETORSHIP, FIRM, PARTNERSHIP,
JOINT VENTURE, SYNDICATE, BUSINESS TRUST, COMPANY, CORPORATION, LIMITED
LIABILITY COMPANY, ASSOCIATION, COMMITTEE, OR ANY OTHER NONGOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION OR GROUP OF PERSONS ACTING IN CONCERT.
§ 1711. DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS FOR AI-GENERATED OR MATERIALLY AI-AL-
TERED MEDIA; HISTORICALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN DISASTERS. 1. ANY PERSON THAT
DISTRIBUTES OR PUBLISHES ANY AI-GENERATED CONTENT DEPICTING AN HISTOR-
ICALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN DISASTER THAT WAS PRODUCED BY OR INCLUDES MATE-
RIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA AND HAS ACTUAL KNOWLEDGE THAT IT IS MATERIALLY
DECEPTIVE SHALL BE REQUIRED TO DISCLOSE THIS USE.
(A) FOR VISUAL MEDIA THE DISCLOSURE SHALL BE PRINTED OR TYPED IN A
LEGIBLE FONT SIZE EASILY READABLE BY THE AVERAGE VIEWER THAT IS NO SMAL-
LER THAN OTHER TEXT APPEARING IN THE VISUAL MEDIA AND IN THE SAME
LANGUAGE USED ON THE AI-GENERATED CONTENT TO READ AS FOLLOWS: "THIS
(IMAGE, VIDEO, OR AUDIO) HAS BEEN MANIPULATED".
(B) FOR AI-GENERATED CONTENT THAT IS AUDITORY, SUCH AS RADIO OR AUTO-
MATED TELEPHONE CALLS, CLEARLY SPEAKING THE STATEMENT AT THE BEGINNING
OF THE AUDIO, AT THE END OF THE AUDIO, AND, IF THE AUDIO IS GREATER THAN
TWO MINUTES IN LENGTH, INTERSPERSED WITHIN THE AUDIO AT INTERVALS OF NOT
GREATER THAN TWO MINUTES EACH AND IN THE SAME LANGUAGE AS THE REST OF
THE AUDIO USED IN THE COMMUNICATION, AND IN A PITCH THAT CAN BE EASILY
HEARD BY THE AVERAGE LISTENER SATISFIES THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS SUBDI-
VISION.
2. A LABEL AS DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION ONE OF THIS SECTION SHALL BE
REQUIRED WHEN SUCH AI-GENERATED CONTENT IS POSTED PUBLICLY ON AN ONLINE
PLATFORM, SHARED ON SOCIAL MEDIA, USED IN ADVERTISING OR MONETIZED
CONTENT OR DISTRIBUTED ON WEBSITES ACCESSIBLE IN THE STATE.
3. THIS SECTION SHALL NOT APPLY TO THE FOLLOWING:
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(A) MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA THAT CONSTITUTES SATIRE OR PARODY;
(B) MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA DISTRIBUTED BY A BONA FIDE NEWS REPORT-
ING ENTITY FOR THE PURPOSE OF NEWS REPORTING OR COVERAGE, IF THE REPORT-
ING CLEARLY ACKNOWLEDGES THROUGH CONTENT OR A DISCLOSURE, IN A MANNER
THAT CAN BE EASILY READ OR HEARD BY THE AVERAGE LISTENER OR VIEWER, THAT
THERE ARE QUESTIONS ABOUT THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE
MEDIA;
(C) A RADIO OR TELEVISION BROADCASTING STATION, INCLUDING A CABLE
TELEVISION, SATELLITE TELEVISION OR STREAMING SERVICE OPERATOR, PROGRAM-
MER, PRODUCER OR OTHER SIMILAR ENTITY, THAT BROADCASTS THE AI-GENERATED
CONTENT WHEN THE STATION OR STREAMING SERVICE IS PAID TO BROADCAST THE
CONTENT IF THE STATION OR STREAMING SERVICE CAN SHOW THAT IT HAS
DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS THAT ARE CONSISTENT WITH THE REQUIREMENTS
PROVIDED IN THIS PARAGRAPH AND THAT IT PROVIDED THOSE DISCLAIMER
REQUIREMENTS TO EACH PERSON OR ENTITY THAT PURCHASED THE BROADCAST OR
STREAMING OF THE CONTENT; OR
(D) INITIAL DISSEMINATION BY A PLATFORM OR SERVICE INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, A WEBSITE, REGULARLY PUBLISHED NEWSPAPER, OR MAGAZINE, WHERE
THE CONTENT DISSEMINATED IS MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA PROVIDED BY
ANOTHER INFORMATION CONTENT PROVIDER.
§ 1712. ONLINE PLATFORM OPERATORS. 1. NO ONLINE PLATFORM OPERATOR
SHALL PROVIDE ACCESS TO OR OPERATE AN ONLINE PLATFORM FOR USE BY USERS
IN THIS STATE UNLESS SUCH PLATFORM PROVIDES OR ALLOWS FOR THE USE OF
LABELING TOOLS SUFFICIENT TO ACCOMPLISH THE LABELLING OF MATERIALLY
DECEPTIVE MEDIA AS PROVIDED IN SECTION SEVENTEEN HUNDRED ELEVEN OF THIS
ARTICLE. NO ONLINE PLATFORM OPERATOR SHALL LOCK OR OTHERWISE IMPEDE THE
USE OF SUCH LABELLING TOOLS.
2. NO ONLINE PLATFORM OPERATOR SHALL STRIP AI PROVENANCE METADATA FROM
ANY CONTENT THAT IS POSTED TO ITS PLATFORM IN VIOLATION OF THIS ARTICLE.
§ 1713. ENFORCEMENT. 1. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SHALL HAVE THE RESPONSI-
BILITY FOR ENFORCING THIS ARTICLE.
2. WHENEVER THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SHALL BELIEVE FROM EVIDENCE SATISFAC-
TORY TO THEM THAT A PERSON OR PLATFORM OPERATOR HAS ENGAGED IN OR IS
ABOUT TO ENGAGE IN ANY ACTS OR PRACTICES IN VIOLATION OF THIS ARTICLE,
THEY MAY BRING AN ACTION IN THE NAME AND ON BEHALF OF THE PEOPLE OF THE
STATE OF NEW YORK TO ENJOIN SUCH PERSON OR PLATFORM OPERATOR FROM
CONTINUING SUCH UNLAWFUL ACTS OR PRACTICES, AND MAY SEEK CIVIL PENALTIES
OF UP TO FIFTEEN THOUSAND DOLLARS PER DAY PER VIOLATION, AND MAY SEEK
SUCH OTHER REMEDIES AS THE COURT MAY DEEM APPROPRIATE.
3. ALL PENALTIES COLLECTED UNDER THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE DEPOSITED INTO
THE GENERAL FUND AS ESTABLISHED PURSUANT TO SECTION SEVENTY-TWO OF THE
STATE FINANCE LAW.
4. NOTHING IN THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO ESTABLISH A PRIVATE
RIGHT OF ACTION ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLATIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.
§ 1714. CONSTRUCTION. 1. NOTHING IN THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO
LIMIT, OR TO ENLARGE, THE PROTECTIONS THAT 47 U.S.C. § 230 CONFERS ON AN
INTERACTIVE COMPUTER SERVICE FOR CONTENT PROVIDED BY ANOTHER INFORMATION
CONTENT PROVIDER, AS SUCH TERMS ARE DEFINED IN 47 U.S.C. § 230.
2. NOTHING IN THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO REQUIRE ENTITIES TO
CANCEL, EDIT, OR INSERT VIDEO OR AUDIO LABELS INTO COMMUNICATIONS WHERE
SUCH ACTION IS INCONSISTENT WITH FEDERAL LAW.
3. THIS ARTICLE DOES NOT LIMIT THE APPLICATION OF OTHER STATE OR
FEDERAL LAWS OR OF RULES OR REGULATIONS PROMULGATED PURSUANT TO SUCH
LAWS.
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§ 1715. RULEMAKING AUTHORITY. THE ATTORNEY GENERAL SHALL PROMULGATE
SUCH RULES AND REGULATIONS AS ARE NECESSARY TO EFFECTUATE AND ENFORCE
THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ARTICLE.
§ 1716. SEVERABILITY. IF ANY CLAUSE, SENTENCE, PARAGRAPH, SUBDIVISION,
SECTION OR PART OF THIS ARTICLE SHALL BE ADJUDGED BY ANY COURT OF COMPE-
TENT JURISDICTION TO BE INVALID, SUCH JUDGMENT SHALL NOT AFFECT, IMPAIR,
OR INVALIDATE THE REMAINDER THEREOF, BUT SHALL BE CONFINED IN ITS OPERA-
TION TO THE CLAUSE, SENTENCE, PARAGRAPH, SUBDIVISION, SECTION OR PART
THEREOF DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN THE CONTROVERSY IN WHICH SUCH JUDGMENT
SHALL HAVE BEEN RENDERED. IT IS HEREBY DECLARED TO BE THE INTENT OF THE
LEGISLATURE THAT THIS ACT WOULD HAVE BEEN ENACTED EVEN IF SUCH INVALID
PROVISIONS HAD NOT BEEN INCLUDED HEREIN.
§ 2. This act shall take effect on the sixtieth day after it shall
have become a law.