S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
6441
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
I N A S S E M B L Y
March 4, 2025
___________
Introduced by M. of A. WALKER, SEAWRIGHT, ZINERMAN -- read once and
referred to the Committee on Judiciary
AN ACT to amend the executive law, in relation to the requirements for
notaries public and commissioners of deeds relating to certain instru-
ments affecting real property; and to amend the penal law, in relation
to forgery and the offering of false documents concerning residential
real property
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. The executive law is amended by adding a new section 135-d
to read as follows:
§ 135-D. REQUIREMENTS OF NOTARIES PUBLIC AND COMMISSIONERS OF DEEDS
RELATED TO CERTAIN INSTRUMENTS AFFECTING REAL PROPERTY. 1. THIS SECTION
SHALL APPLY TO EVERY NOTARIAL ACT IN THE STATE INVOLVING A DOCUMENT OF
CONVEYANCE THAT TRANSFERS OR PURPORTS TO TRANSFER TITLE WITH RESPECT TO
RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY LOCATED IN THE STATE. IT SHALL ALSO APPLY TO
COMMISSIONERS OF DEEDS APPOINTED PURSUANT TO SECTION ONE HUNDRED FORTY
OF THIS ARTICLE.
2. AS USED IN THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL HAVE THE FOLLOW-
ING MEANINGS:
A. "DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE" SHALL MEAN A DEED, INDENTURE, OR OTHER
WRITTEN INSTRUMENT THAT TRANSFERS OR PURPORTS TO TRANSFER TITLE EFFECT-
ING A CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP TO RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY, OR OTHERWISE
PRESENTED TO EVIDENCE THE CONVEYANCE OF REAL PROPERTY OWNERSHIP FROM ONE
PARTY TO ANOTHER EXCLUDING:
(I) COURT ORDERED TRANSFER OR OTHERWISE EFFECTED CHANGE OF RESIDENTIAL
REAL PROPERTY INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO A TRANSFER BETWEEN SPOUS-
ES OR FORMER SPOUSES AS A RESULT OF A DECREE OF DIVORCE, DISSOL-
UTION OF MARRIAGE, ANNULMENT, OR LEGAL SEPARATION, OR AS A RESULT OF
PROPERTY SETTLEMENT RELATED THERETO, OR AGREEMENT INCIDENTAL TO A
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD05833-01-5
A. 6441 2
DECREE OF DIVORCE, DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE, ANNULMENT, OR LEGAL SEPA-
RATION;
(II) A TRANSFER ORDER BY A PROBATE COURT DURING THE ADMINISTRATION OF
A DECEDENT'S ESTATE;
(III) A COURT ORDERED VOIDING OF AN INSTRUMENT AFFECTING REAL PROPER-
TY;
(IV) A TRANSFER OF PROPERTY TO A TRUST IN WHICH THE BENEFICIARY IS OR
INCLUDES THE GRANTOR; AND
(V) A DEED FROM A GRANTOR TO THEMSELF THAT IS INTENDED TO CHANGE THE
NATURE OR TYPE OF TENANCY BY WHICH SUCH GRANTOR OWNS RESIDENTIAL REAL
PROPERTY.
B. "FINANCIAL INSTITUTION" SHALL MEAN A BANK, TRUST COMPANY, SAVINGS
INSTITUTION, OR CREDIT UNION, CHARTERED AND SUPERVISED UNDER STATE OR
FEDERAL LAW.
C. "NOTARIAL RECORD" SHALL MEAN THE WRITTEN DOCUMENT CREATED IN
CONFORMITY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS SECTION.
D. "RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY" SHALL MEAN A BUILDING OR BUILDINGS
CONSISTING OF ONE TO FOUR DWELLING UNITS WHERE THE SQUARE FOOTAGE OF THE
RESIDENTIAL PORTION EXCEEDS THE SQUARE FOOTAGE OF ANY COMMERCIAL
PORTION.
E. "SIGNATORY" SHALL MEAN THE PERSON OR PERSONS WHOSE SIGNATURE IS
BEING ACKNOWLEDGED BY A NOTARY PUBLIC OR COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS.
3. A NOTARY APPOINTED AND COMMISSIONED AS A NOTARY IN THIS STATE AND A
COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS SHALL CREATE A NOTARIAL RECORD OF EACH NOTARIAL
ACT PERFORMED IN CONNECTION WITH A DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE. THE NOTARIAL
RECORD SHALL CONTAIN:
A. THE DATE OF THE NOTARIAL ACT;
B. THE TYPE, TITLE OR DESCRIPTION OF THE DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE BEING
NOTARIZED, THE BLOCK AND LOT NUMBER USED TO IDENTIFY THE RESIDENTIAL
REAL PROPERTY FOR ASSESSMENT OR TAXATION PURPOSES, AND THE COMMON STREET
ADDRESS FOR THE RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF THE
DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE;
C. THE SIGNATURE, PRINTED NAME AND RESIDENCE STREET ADDRESS OF EACH
PERSON WHOSE SIGNATURE IS THE SUBJECT OF THE NOTARIAL ACT, AND A CERTIF-
ICATION BY THE PERSON THAT THE PROPERTY IS RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY AS
DEFINED IN THIS SECTION;
D. A DESCRIPTION OF THE SATISFACTORY EVIDENCE REVIEWED BY THE NOTARY
OR THE COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS TO DETERMINE THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON
WHOSE SIGNATURE IS THE SUBJECT OF THE NOTARIAL ACT. SATISFACTORY
EVIDENCE SHALL INCLUDE PRESENTATION OF ANY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING DOCU-
MENTS IDENTIFYING THE SIGNATORY OR SIGNATORIES:
(I) A VALID DRIVER'S LICENSE OR NON-DRIVER IDENTIFICATION CARD ISSUED
BY THE COMMISSIONER OF MOTOR VEHICLES, THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, ANY
UNITED STATES TERRITORY, COMMONWEALTH OR POSSESSION, THE DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA, OR A STATE GOVERNMENT WITHIN THE UNITED STATES;
(II) A VALID PASSPORT ISSUED BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT;
(III) A VALID PASSPORT ISSUED BY A FOREIGN GOVERNMENT; OR
(IV) A VALID MUNICIPAL IDENTIFICATION CARD ISSUED PURSUANT TO SECTION
3-115 OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK; AND
E. THE DATE OF NOTARIZATION, THE FEE CHARGED FOR THE NOTARIAL ACT, THE
NOTARY'S HOME OR BUSINESS PHONE NUMBER, THE NOTARY'S BUSINESS OR RESI-
DENCE STREET ADDRESS, THE NOTARY'S COMMISSION EXPIRATION DATE OR THE
COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS APPOINTMENT EXPIRATION DATE, THE CORRECT LEGAL
NAME OF THE NOTARY'S EMPLOYER OR PRINCIPAL, AND THE BUSINESS STREET
ADDRESS OF THE NOTARY'S EMPLOYER OR PRINCIPAL.
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4. THE NOTARIAL RECORD REQUIRED UNDER SUBDIVISION THREE OF THIS
SECTION SHALL BE CREATED AND MAINTAINED FOR EACH PERSON OR REPRESEN-
TATIVE WHOSE SIGNATURE IS THE SUBJECT OF A NOTARIAL ACT REGARDING A
DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE. IT SHALL BE IN SUBSTANTIALLY THE FOLLOWING FORM:
NOTARIAL RECORD:
DEED TRANSFER
I, ________________________(GRANTOR) HEREBY AUTHORIZE THE TRANSFER OF
OWNERSHIP OF MY PROPERTY TO THE GRANTEE DESIGNATED BELOW. I UNDERSTAND I
MAY BE TRANSFERRING OWNERSHIP OF MY HOME.
DATE NOTARIZED:
FEE: $
THE UNDERSIGNED GRANTOR HEREBY CERTIFIES THAT THE REAL PROPERTY IDENTI-
FIED IN THIS NOTARIAL RECORD IS RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY AS DEFINED IN
SECTION 135-D OF THE EXECUTIVE LAW.
GRANTOR'S (SIGNER'S) PRINTED NAME:
GRANTOR'S (SIGNER'S) SIGNATURE:
GRANTOR'S (SIGNER'S) RESIDENTIAL STREET ADDRESS, CITY, STATE AND ZIP
CODE:
GRANTEE'S RELATIONSHIP TO GRANTOR:
GRANTEE'S (SIGNER'S) PRINTED NAME:
GRANTEE'S (SIGNER'S) SIGNATURE:
GRANTEE'S (SIGNER'S) RESIDENTIAL STREET ADDRESS, CITY, STATE AND ZIP
CODE:
TYPE OR NAME OF DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE:
PIN NO. OF RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY:
COMMON STREET ADDRESS OF RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY:
DESCRIPTION OF MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION:
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS:
NAME OF NOTARY OR COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS PRINTED:
NOTARY PHONE NUMBER:
COMMISSION OR APPOINTMENT EXPIRATION DATE:
STREET ADDRESS OF NOTARY, CITY, STATE AND ZIP CODE:
NAME OF NOTARY'S EMPLOYER OR PRINCIPAL:
BUSINESS STREET ADDRESS OF NOTARY'S EMPLOYER OR PRINCIPAL, CITY, STATE
AND ZIP CODE:
5. FILING OF THE NOTARIAL RECORD. THE NOTARY OR COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS
SHALL FILE THE NOTARIAL RECORD IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROCEDURES SET
FORTH IN THIS SUBDIVISION.
A. THE NOTARIAL RECORD SHALL BE DELIVERED NO LATER THAN FOURTEEN DAYS
AFTER IT IS CREATED TO THE CLERK OR OFFICE OF THE REGISTER OF THE COUNTY
OR CITY WITHIN WHICH THE RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF THE
CONVEYANCE IS LOCATED.
B. IF THE NOTARIAL RECORD WAS CREATED BY A NOTARY PUBLIC IN THE SCOPE
OF THEIR WORK FOR A TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY, TITLE INSURANCE AGENT,
FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, LAW FIRM OR ATTORNEY AT LAW, THE NOTARY PUBLIC
SHALL DELIVER THE NOTARIAL RECORD NO LATER THAN FOURTEEN DAYS AFTER IT
IS CREATED TO SUCH TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, LAW
FIRM OR ATTORNEY AT LAW. SUCH TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY, FINANCIAL INSTI-
TUTION, LAW FIRM OR ATTORNEY AT LAW, OR ANY SUCCESSOR OR ASSIGNEE OF
SUCH TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, LAW FIRM OR ATTOR-
NEY AT LAW WITHIN THE SEVEN-YEAR RETENTION PERIOD.
6. THE NOTARIAL RECORD SHALL BE RETAINED FOR TEN YEARS IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE PROCEDURES DESCRIBED IN SUBDIVISION FIVE OF THIS SECTION. NO
COPIES OF THE ORIGINAL NOTARIAL RECORD MAY BE MADE OR RETAINED BY THE
NOTARY. THE NOTARY'S EMPLOYER OR PRINCIPAL PURSUANT TO PARAGRAPH B OF
SUBDIVISION FIVE OF THIS SECTION, OR A NOTARY ATTORNEY ACTING WITHIN THE
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SCOPE OF THEIR EMPLOYMENT MAY RETAIN COPIES OF THE NOTARIAL RECORDS AS
BUSINESS RECORDS.
7. ANY PERSON OR ENTITY VIOLATING THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION
SHALL, IN ADDITION TO ALL OTHER PENALTIES PROVIDED BY LAW, BE REQUIRED
TO FILE AN OFFICIAL BOND IN THE AMOUNT OF TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS
FOR A FIRST OFFENSE AND FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLARS FOR A SUBSEQUENT OFFENSE.
THE SECRETARY OF STATE SHALL ASSESS SUCH PENALTY FOLLOWING AN ADJUDICA-
TORY PROCEEDING CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STATE ADMINISTRATIVE
PROCEDURE ACT.
8. THE FAILURE OF A NOTARY OR A COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS TO COMPLY WITH
THE PROCEDURE SET FORTH IN THIS SECTION SHALL NOT AFFECT THE VALIDITY OF
THE RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY TRANSACTION IN CONNECTION TO WHICH THE
DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE IS EXECUTED, IN THE ABSENCE OF FRAUD AND FORGERY.
§ 2. Section 136 of the executive law is amended by adding a new
subdivision 4 to read as follows:
4. FOR PERFORMING A NOTARIAL ACT RELATED TO A DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE
FOR WHICH A NOTARIAL RECORD IS REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION ONE HUNDRED
THIRTY-FIVE-D OF THIS ARTICLE, THE NOTARY OR COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS MAY
CHARGE A FEE OF TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS IN ADDITION TO ANY FEES REQUIRED TO
FILE THE NOTARIAL RECORD.
§ 3. Section 170.10 of the penal law, subdivision 1 as amended by
chapter 949 of the laws of 1984, is amended to read as follows:
§ 170.10 Forgery in the second degree.
A person is guilty of forgery in the second degree when SUCH PERSON
FORGES AN OWNER'S SIGNATURE ON A DOCUMENT PURPORTING TO BE A DOCUMENT OF
CONVEYANCE UNDER FALSE PRETENSES OR, with intent to defraud, deceive or
injure another, [he] SUCH PERSON falsely makes, completes or alters a
written instrument which is or purports to be, or which is calculated to
become or to represent if completed:
1. A [deed,] DOCUMENT OF CONVEYANCE, will, codicil, contract, assign-
ment, commercial instrument, credit card, as that term is defined in
subdivision seven of section 155.00 OF THIS PART, or other instrument
which does or may evidence, create, transfer, terminate or otherwise
affect a legal right, interest, obligation or status; or
2. A public record, or an instrument filed or required or authorized
by law to be filed in or with a public office or public servant; or
3. A written instrument officially issued or created by a public
office, public servant or governmental instrumentality; or
4. Part of an issue of tokens, public transportation transfers,
certificates or other articles manufactured and designed for use as
symbols of value usable in place of money for the purchase of property
or services; or
5. A prescription of a duly licensed physician or other person author-
ized to issue the same for any drug or any instrument or device used in
the taking or administering of drugs for which a prescription is
required by law.
Forgery in the second degree is a class D felony.
§ 4. Section 170.15 of the penal law is amended to read as follows:
§ 170.15 Forgery in the first degree.
A person is guilty of forgery in the first degree when, with intent to
defraud, deceive or injure another, [he] SUCH PERSON falsely makes,
completes or alters a written instrument which is or purports to be, or
which is calculated to become or to represent if completed:
1. Part of an issue of money, stamps, securities or other valuable
instruments issued by a government or governmental instrumentality; [or]
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2. Part of an issue of stock, bonds or other instruments representing
interests in or claims against a corporate or other organization or its
property; OR
3. PART OF A DEED OR A PART OF ANY TYPE OF A DEED OR OTHER INSTRUMENT
THAT TRANSFERS OR OTHERWISE AFFECTS RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY, INCLUDING
A MORTGAGE, AN ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE, A SATISFACTION OF MORTGAGE, A
CONTRACT OF SALE, AND ANY DOCUMENT THAT IS REQUIRED FOR RECORDING A DEED
WITH A GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY.
Forgery in the first degree is a class C felony.
§ 5. The penal law is amended by adding two new sections 175.31 and
175.32 to read as follows:
§ 175.31 OFFERING A FALSE INSTRUMENT FOR FILING IN THE SECOND DEGREE;
REAL PROPERTY.
A PERSON IS GUILTY OF OFFERING A FALSE INSTRUMENT FOR FILING IN THE
SECOND DEGREE; REAL PROPERTY WHEN, KNOWING THAT A WRITTEN INSTRUMENT
CONTAINS A FALSE STATEMENT OR FALSE INFORMATION CONCERNING A DEED OR
A PART OF ANY TYPE OF A DEED OR OTHER INSTRUMENT THAT TRANSFERS OR
OTHERWISE AFFECTS RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY, INCLUDING A MORTGAGE, AN
ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE, A SATISFACTION OF MORTGAGE, A CONTRACT OF SALE,
AND ANY DOCUMENT THAT IS REQUIRED FOR RECORDING A DEED WITH A GOVERN-
MENTAL AGENCY, SUCH PERSON OFFERS OR PRESENTS IT TO A PUBLIC OFFICE OR
PUBLIC SERVANT WITH THE KNOWLEDGE OR BELIEF THAT IT WILL BE FILED
WITH, REGISTERED OR RECORDED IN OR OTHERWISE BECOME A PART OF THE
RECORDS OF SUCH PUBLIC OFFICE OR PUBLIC SERVANT.
OFFERING A FALSE INSTRUMENT FOR FILING IN THE SECOND DEGREE; REAL
PROPERTY IS A CLASS E FELONY.
§ 175.32 OFFERING A FALSE INSTRUMENT FOR FILING IN THE FIRST DEGREE;
REAL PROPERTY.
A PERSON IS GUILTY OF OFFERING A FALSE INSTRUMENT FOR FILING IN THE
FIRST DEGREE; REAL PROPERTY WHEN:
1. KNOWING THAT A WRITTEN INSTRUMENT CONTAINS A FALSE STATEMENT OR
FALSE INFORMATION CONCERNING A DEED OR A PART OF ANY TYPE OF A DEED OR
OTHER INSTRUMENT THAT TRANSFERS OR OTHERWISE AFFECTS RESIDENTIAL REAL
PROPERTY, INCLUDING A MORTGAGE, AN ASSIGNMENT OF MORTGAGE, A SATISFAC-
TION OF MORTGAGE, A CONTRACT OF SALE, AND ANY DOCUMENT THAT IS REQUIRED
FOR RECORDING A DEED WITH A GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY, AND WITH INTENT TO
DEFRAUD THE STATE OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION, PUBLIC AUTHORITY OR
PUBLIC BENEFIT CORPORATION OF THE STATE, SUCH PERSON OFFERS OR
PRESENTS IT TO A PUBLIC OFFICE, PUBLIC SERVANT, PUBLIC AUTHORITY
OR PUBLIC BENEFIT CORPORATION WITH THE KNOWLEDGE OR BELIEF THAT IT
WILL BE FILED WITH, REGISTERED OR RECORDED IN OR OTHERWISE BECOME
A PART OF THE RECORDS OF SUCH PUBLIC OFFICE, PUBLIC SERVANT, PUBLIC
AUTHORITY OR PUBLIC BENEFIT CORPORATION.
OFFERING A FALSE INSTRUMENT FOR FILING IN THE FIRST DEGREE; REAL PROP-
ERTY IS A CLASS D FELONY.
§ 6. This act shall take effect immediately.