administrative charge, all such charges that could otherwise be imposed
post-challenge shall be frozen in the midst of such dispute.
§ 3. This act enacts into law major components of legislation neces-
sary to implement the "toll payer advocacy and relief act". Each compo-
nent is wholly contained within a Part identified as Parts A through D.
The effective date for each particular provision contained within such
Part is set forth in the last section of such Part. Any provision in any
section contained within a Part, including the effective date of the
Part, which makes a reference to a section "of this act", when used in
connection with that particular component, shall be deemed to mean and
refer to the corresponding section of the Part in which it is found.
Section five of this act sets forth the general effective date of this
act.
PART A
Section 1. The commissioner of transportation, in consultation with
the New York state bridge authority, thruway authority, triborough
bridge and tunnel authority, metropolitan transportation authority, and
port authority of New York and New Jersey, shall conduct a statewide
study and review of the tolling authorities' regulations and policies in
relation to cashless tolling and tolls by mail collection. Such study
shall include, but not be limited to, the financial burden of excessive
fines, fees or administrative charges for the late payment of a toll,
communication problems between the authorities and vehicle owners in
relation to tolls, the effectiveness of the office of toll payer advo-
cate in relation to the duration and outcome of requests for assistance,
and any unique concerns based on regional issues or out of state owners.
§ 2. The commissioner of the department of transportation shall, on or
before the thirty-first of December next succeeding the effective date
of this act, submit a report of such study, including detailed recommen-
dations and findings, to the governor, the temporary president of the
senate, the speaker of the assembly, the minority leader of the senate,
the minority leader of the assembly, and the chairs of the senate and
assembly transportation and corporations, authorities and commissions
committees and the ranking minority member of each such committees.
§ 3. This act shall take effect immediately.
PART B
Section 1. Section 2855 of the public authorities law, as added by
section 1 of part KK of chapter 59 of the laws of 2006, is amended to
read as follows:
§ 2855. Electronic method of payment; periodic charges. Notwithstand-
ing the provisions of any law to the contrary, if any authority shall
offer any electronic method of payment for tolls, fares, fees, rentals,
or other charges, including but not limited to a system called E-ZPass,
such authority shall not impose any periodic administrative or other
charge for the privilege of using such electronic method of payment for
such charges. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit any
authority from making any charge for extra services requested by a hold-
er of such electronic method of payment, any charge for lost or damaged
equipment, or for defaults, such as charges for dishonored checks. The
authority shall not enter any agreement with bondholders that would
require the imposition of administrative or other periodic charges
relating to electronic methods of payment prohibited by this section.
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NO FINE, FEE OR ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGE FOR THE LATE PAYMENT OF A TOLL
SHALL EXCEED TEN PER CENTUM OF THE AMOUNT OF SUCH TOLL OWED OR BE
ACCESSED WITHIN ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THE INCURRED
TOLL. IF THE OWNER FORMALLY CHALLENGES ANY FINE, FEE OR ADMINISTRATIVE
CHARGE, ALL SUCH CHARGES THAT COULD OTHERWISE BE IMPOSED POST-CHALLENGE
SHALL BE FROZEN IN THE MIDST OF SUCH DISPUTE.
§ 2. Subdivision 5 of section 2985 of the public authorities law, as
added by chapter 379 of the laws of 1992, is amended to read as follows:
5. An owner found liable for a violation of toll collection regu-
lations pursuant to this section shall [for a first violation thereof]
be liable for a monetary penalty not to exceed [fifty dollars or two
times] TEN PERCENT OF the toll evaded [whichever is greater; for a
second violation thereof both within eighteen months be liable for a
monetary penalty not to exceed one hundred dollars or five times the
toll evaded whichever is greater; for a third or subsequent violation
thereof all within eighteen months be liable for a monetary penalty not
to exceed one hundred fifty dollars or ten times the toll evaded which-
ever is greater]. NO FINE, FEE OR ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGE FOR THE LATE
PAYMENT OF A TOLL SHALL BE ACCESSED WITHIN ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM
THE DATE OF THE INCURRED TOLL. IF THE OWNER FORMALLY CHALLENGES ANY
FINE, FEE OR ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGE, ALL SUCH CHARGES THAT COULD OTHER-
WISE BE IMPOSED POST-CHALLENGE SHALL BE FROZEN IN THE MIDST OF SUCH
DISPUTE.
§ 3. Subdivisions 3, 4 and 5 of section 2985-a of the public authori-
ties law, as added by section 2 of subpart B of part WW of chapter 56 of
the laws of 2024, are amended to read as follows:
3. In the case of an owner who incurs an obligation to pay a toll for
the first time in six months under the tolls by mail program at a cash-
less tolling facility, a toll bill shall be sent within ten business
days after the end of the initial billing cycle and of each subsequent
billing cycle. In the case of all other owners incurring an obligation
to pay a toll at a cashless tolling facility, a toll bill shall be sent
at the end of the next billing cycle. Toll bills shall be sent to the
owner by first class mail, and may additionally be sent by electronic
means of communication upon the affirmative consent of the owner, by or
on behalf of the public authority which operates such cashless tolling
facility. The owner shall have [thirty] ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY days from the
date of the toll bill to pay the incurred toll. The toll bill shall
include: (i) the total amount of the incurred tolls due, (ii) the date
by which payment of the incurred tolls is due, (iii) any administrative
fees, (iv) the address for receipt of payment and methods of payment for
the toll, (v) the procedure for contesting any toll and the contact
information for the relevant toll payer advocate office and customer
service center, (vi) information related to the failure to timely pay or
respond to the notice of liability, in addition to the possibility that
a judgment can be entered for repeat unpaid liabilities that could lead
to a vehicle being towed or immobilized, (vii) a website address or
hyperlink for the owner to access time-stamped photographs or footage of
each toll incurred by electronic means, (viii) information related to
the availability of the toll payer advocate to discuss payment options,
and (ix) other information required by law or by the public authority.
Each toll bill shall identify the date, time, location, license plate
number, and jurisdiction of the license plate for each toll that has
been incurred. Each toll bill shall include an image of the license
plate of the vehicle being used or operated on the toll facility. If the
owner fails to pay the initial toll bill WITHIN THIRTY DAYS, a second
A. 9070 4
toll bill shall be sent in the next billing cycle, which shall also
indicate the [overdue] toll or tolls and any administrative [or late]
fees due. IF THE OWNER FAILS TO PAY WITHIN SIXTY DAYS OF THE SECOND
TOLL BILL, A THIRD TOLL BILL SHALL BE SENT IN THE NEXT BILLING CYCLE,
WHICH SHALL ALSO INDICATE THE TOLL OR TOLLS AND ANY ADMINISTRATIVE FEES
DUE AND SHALL NOTIFY THE OWNER THAT ADMINISTRATIVE VIOLATION FEES WILL
BE IMPOSED IF THE OWNER FAILS TO PAY THE TOLL BILL WITHIN ONE HUNDRED
EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THE INCURRED TOLL. NO FINE, FEE OR ADMINIS-
TRATIVE CHARGE FOR THE LATE PAYMENT OF A TOLL SHALL EXCEED TEN PER
CENTUM OF THE AMOUNT OF SUCH TOLL OWED OR BE ACCESSED WITHIN ONE HUNDRED
EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THE INCURRED TOLL. IF THE OWNER FORMALLY
CHALLENGES ANY FINE, FEE OR ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGE, ALL SUCH CHARGES THAT
COULD OTHERWISE BE IMPOSED POST-CHALLENGE SHALL BE FROZEN IN THE MIDST
OF SUCH DISPUTE.
4. In the case of an owner who does not pay a toll incurred under the
tolls by mail program on a cashless facility at the place and time and
in the manner established for collection of such toll in the [second]
THIRD toll bill, a notice of violation shall be sent notifying the owner
that the toll is unpaid and administrative violation fees are being
imposed. The notice of violation shall be sent to the owner by first
class mail, and may additionally be sent by electronic means of communi-
cation upon the affirmative consent of the owner, by or on behalf of the
public authority which operates such cashless tolling facility. The
notice of violation shall include: (i) the total amount of unpaid tolls
and administrative violation fees due, (ii) the date by which payment of
the tolls and administrative violation fees is due, (iii) the address
for receipt of payment and methods of payment for the toll, (iv) the
procedure for contesting any toll and the contact information for the
relevant toll payer advocate office and customer service center, (v)
information related to the failure to timely pay or respond to the
notice of liability, in addition to the possibility that a judgment can
be entered for repeat unpaid liabilities that could lead to a vehicle
being towed or immobilized, (vi) a website address or hyperlink for the
owner to access time-stamped photographs or footage of each toll
incurred by electronic means, (vii) information related to the avail-
ability of the toll payer advocate to discuss payment options, and
(viii) other information required by law or by the public authority.
Each notice of violation shall identify the date, time, location,
license plate number, and jurisdiction of the license plate for each
unpaid toll that has been incurred.
5. Any fee or administrative violation fee that is assessed on a
notice of violation pursuant to subdivision four of this section shall
be dismissed if the notice of violation was not sent within ninety days
of the [second toll bill] ALLEGED VIOLATION, provided that any toll or
tolls incurred remain due and payable and provided further that such
dismissal shall not apply in the event that exceptional circumstances,
including but not limited to technological failures, have delayed the
timely mailing of the notice of violation and the public authority has
posted notice of such circumstances prominently on its website within a
reasonable time of becoming aware of such circumstances, which shall be
adequate record of such circumstances.
§ 4. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however,
section three of this act shall take effect upon the enactment into law
by the state of New Jersey of legislation having an identical effect
with this act, but if the state of New Jersey shall have already enacted
such legislation, this act shall take effect immediately; provided that
A. 9070 5
the state of New Jersey shall notify the legislative bill drafting
commission upon the occurrence of the enactment of the legislation
provided for in section one of this act in order that the commission may
maintain an accurate and timely effective data base of the official text
of the laws of the state of New York in furtherance of effectuating the
provisions of section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of the
public officers law. Any rights or remedies granted to an individual
pursuant to this act prior to the expiration and repeal of this act
shall not be affected by such expiration.
PART C
Section 1. Subdivision 13 of section 2985-a of the public authorities
law, as added by section 2 of subpart B of part WW of chapter 56 of the
laws of 2024, is amended to read as follows:
13. Every public authority that operates a cashless tolling facility
shall establish an office of such authority's toll payer advocate,
designed to further assist owners who remain unsatisfied after first
attempting resolution in writing of their concern with, and receiving
written determination from, such authority's customer service center.
The office of the toll payer advocate shall also endeavor to identify
any systemic issues and recommend reasonable improvements regarding the
use of and process involved with the payment of tolls under the tolls by
mail program at cashless tolling facilities to the public authority.
THE OFFICE OF TOLL PAYER ADVOCATE SHALL RESPOND TO EVERY REQUEST FOR
ASSISTANCE BY AN OWNER WITHIN FORTY-EIGHT HOURS OF SUCH REQUEST. THE
OFFICE OF TOLL PAYER ADVOCATE SHALL SETTLE ANY REQUEST FOR ASSISTANCE BY
AN OWNER WITHIN SIXTY DAYS OF SUCH REQUEST. IF THE OWNER FORMALLY CHAL-
LENGES ANY FINE, FEE OR ADMINISTRATIVE CHARGE, ALL SUCH CHARGES THAT
COULD OTHERWISE BE IMPOSED POST-CHALLENGE SHALL BE FROZEN IN THE MIDST
OF SUCH DISPUTE. THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MUST MAINTAIN A
CENTRAL WEBSITE WITH THE CONTACT INFORMATION FOR EACH AUTHORITY'S RELE-
VANT TOLL PAYER ADVOCATE OFFICE AND CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTER INCLUDING
PHONE NUMBERS, EMAIL ADDRESSES AND A WEBSITE ADDRESS OR HYPERLINK FOR
EACH AUTHORITY'S TOLL PAYER ADVOCATE HELP REQUEST FORM.
§ 2. Section 138 of the transportation law is amended by adding a new
subdivision 11 to read as follows:
11. IN CONSULTATION AND COOPERATION WITH THE NEW YORK STATE THRUWAY
AUTHORITY, THE NEW YORK STATE BRIDGE AUTHORITY, THE METROPOLITAN TRANS-
PORTATION AUTHORITY, AND THE PORT AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY,
MAINTAIN A CENTRAL WEBSITE WITH THE CONTACT INFORMATION FOR EACH AUTHOR-
ITY'S RELEVANT TOLL PAYER ADVOCATE OFFICE AND CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTER
INCLUDING PHONE NUMBERS, EMAIL ADDRESSES AND A WEBSITE ADDRESS OR HYPER-
LINK FOR EACH AUTHORITY'S TOLL PAYER ADVOCATE HELP REQUEST FORM. SUCH
WEBSITE MUST ALSO INCLUDE INFORMATION, A WEBSITE ADDRESS OR HYPER LINK
FOR EACH PUBLIC AUTHORITY'S ONLINE REGISTRATION SYSTEM FOR OWNERS TO
CHOOSE TO RECEIVE AN ELECTRONIC MEANS OF COMMUNICATION ALERT THAT A TOLL
HAS BEEN INCURRED UNDER THE TOLLS BY MAIL PROGRAM AT A CASHLESS TOLLING
FACILITY.
§ 3. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however,
section one of this act shall take effect upon the enactment into law by
the state of New Jersey of legislation having an identical effect with
this act, but if the state of New Jersey shall have already enacted such
legislation, this act shall take effect immediately; provided that the
state of New Jersey shall notify the legislative bill drafting commis-
sion upon the occurrence of the enactment of the legislation provided
A. 9070 6
for in section one of this act in order that the commission may maintain
an accurate and timely effective data base of the official text of the
laws of the state of New York in furtherance of effectuating the
provisions of section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of the
public officers law. Any rights or remedies granted to an individual
pursuant to this act prior to the expiration and repeal of this act
shall not be affected by such expiration.
PART D
Section 1. The public authorities law is amended by adding a new
section 386-c to read as follows:
§ 386-C. CASHLESS TOLLING AMNESTY PROGRAM. 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY
OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS TITLE OR ANY OTHER LAW, THE AUTHORITY SHALL
PROVIDE AN AMNESTY PROGRAM FOR ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER
ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE OF
ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY PRIOR TO THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
2. SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM SHALL ALLOW ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR
OTHER ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE
OF ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY TO PAY SUCH
TOLLS IN FULL AND TO HAVE ANY TOLL VIOLATION FEES AND PENALTIES RELATED
TO SUCH PAID TOLLS WAIVED; PROVIDED SUCH PAYMENT IS MADE WITHIN ONE
HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
3. THE AUTHORITY SHALL CONSPICUOUSLY POST ON ITS WEBSITE INFORMATION
ON SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM.
§ 2. The public authorities law is amended by adding a new section
538-a to read as follows:
§ 538-A. CASHLESS TOLLING AMNESTY PROGRAM. 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY
OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS TITLE OR ANY OTHER LAW, THE AUTHORITY SHALL
PROVIDE AN AMNESTY PROGRAM FOR ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER
ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE OF
ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY PRIOR TO THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
2. SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM SHALL ALLOW ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR
OTHER ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE
OF ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY TO PAY SUCH
TOLLS IN FULL AND TO HAVE ANY TOLL VIOLATION FEES AND PENALTIES RELATED
TO SUCH PAID TOLLS WAIVED; PROVIDED SUCH PAYMENT IS MADE WITHIN ONE
HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
3. THE AUTHORITY SHALL CONSPICUOUSLY POST ON ITS WEBSITE INFORMATION
ON SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM.
§ 3. The public authorities law is amended by adding a new section
553-l to read as follows:
§ 553-L. CASHLESS TOLLING AMNESTY PROGRAM. 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY
OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS TITLE OR ANY OTHER LAW, THE AUTHORITY SHALL
PROVIDE AN AMNESTY PROGRAM FOR ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER
ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE OF
ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY PRIOR TO THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
2. SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM SHALL ALLOW ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR
OTHER ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE
OF ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY TO PAY SUCH
TOLLS IN FULL AND TO HAVE ANY TOLL VIOLATION FEES AND PENALTIES RELATED
TO SUCH PAID TOLLS WAIVED; PROVIDED SUCH PAYMENT IS MADE WITHIN ONE
HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
A. 9070 7
3. THE AUTHORITY SHALL CONSPICUOUSLY POST ON ITS WEBSITE INFORMATION
ON SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM.
§ 4. Chapter 47 of the laws of 1931 relating to declaring the policy
of the states of New York and New Jersey in regard to certain vehicular
bridges and tunnels within the port of New York district, is amended by
adding a new section 4B to read as follows:
§ 4B. CASHLESS TOLLING AMNESTY PROGRAM. 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER
PROVISIONS OF THIS ACT OR ANY OTHER LAW, THE PORT AUTHORITY SHALL
PROVIDE AN AMNESTY PROGRAM FOR ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER
ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE OF
ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY SUCH AUTHORITY PRIOR TO THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
2. SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM SHALL ALLOW ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR
OTHER ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE
OF ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE PORT AUTHORITY TO PAY
SUCH TOLLS IN FULL AND TO HAVE ANY TOLL VIOLATION FEES AND PENALTIES
RELATED TO SUCH PAID TOLLS WAIVED; PROVIDED SUCH PAYMENT IS MADE WITHIN
ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
3. THE PORT AUTHORITY SHALL CONSPICUOUSLY POST ON ITS WEBSITE INFORMA-
TION ON SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM.
§ 5. The public authorities law is amended by adding a new section
1279-m to read as follows:
§ 1279-M. CASHLESS TOLLING AMNESTY PROGRAM. 1. NOTWITHSTANDING ANY
OTHER PROVISIONS OF THIS TITLE OR ANY OTHER LAW, THE AUTHORITY SHALL
PROVIDE AN AMNESTY PROGRAM FOR ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR OTHER
ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE OF
ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY PRIOR TO THE
EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
2. SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM SHALL ALLOW ANY PERSON, FIRM, CORPORATION, OR
OTHER ENTITY CHARGED WITH THE PAYMENT OF A CASHLESS TOLL FEE FOR THE USE
OF ANY HIGHWAY, BRIDGE OR TUNNEL OPERATED BY THE AUTHORITY TO PAY SUCH
TOLLS IN FULL AND TO HAVE ANY TOLL VIOLATION FEES AND PENALTIES RELATED
TO SUCH PAID TOLLS WAIVED; PROVIDED SUCH PAYMENT IS MADE WITHIN ONE
HUNDRED EIGHTY DAYS FROM THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION.
3. THE AUTHORITY SHALL CONSPICUOUSLY POST ON ITS WEBSITE INFORMATION
ON SUCH AMNESTY PROGRAM.
§ 6. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however,
section four of this act shall take effect upon the enactment into law
by the state of New Jersey of legislation having an identical effect
with this act, but if the state of New Jersey shall have already enacted
such legislation, this act shall take effect immediately; provided that
the state of New Jersey shall notify the legislative bill drafting
commission upon the occurrence of the enactment of the legislation
provided for in section one of this act in order that the commission may
maintain an accurate and timely effective data base of the official text
of the laws of the state of New York in furtherance of effectuating the
provisions of section 44 of the legislative law and section 70-b of the
public officers law. Any rights or remedies granted to an individual
pursuant to this act prior to the expiration and repeal of this act
shall not be affected by such expiration.
§ 4. Severability clause. If any clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivi-
sion, section or part of this act shall be adjudged by any court of
competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such judgment shall not affect,
impair, or invalidate the remainder thereof, but shall be confined in
its operation to the clause, sentence, paragraph, subdivision, section
or part thereof directly involved in the controversy in which such judg-
A. 9070 8
ment shall have been rendered. It is hereby declared to be the intent of
the legislature that this act would have been enacted even if such
invalid provisions had not been included herein.
§ 5. This act shall take effect immediately; provided, however, that
the applicable effective date of Parts A through D of this act shall be
as specifically set forth in the last section of such Parts.