S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
________________________________________________________________________
3992
2025-2026 Regular Sessions
I N S E N A T E
January 31, 2025
___________
Introduced by Sen. PARKER -- read twice and ordered printed, and when
printed to be committed to the Committee on Investigations and Govern-
ment Operations
AN ACT to amend the legislative law, in relation to racial and ethnic
impact statements on bills
THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEM-
BLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. This act shall be known and may be cited as the "racial and
ethnic equity act".
§ 2. Legislative findings and intent. The legislature finds that
minorities are historically overrepresented in the New York correctional
population and that adverse racial disparities occur at every stage of
the criminal justice system. Black people are dramatically overrepre-
sented in New York's correctional population. In 2015, they accounted
for only 17.6 percent of the state's total population. Yet, as of Janu-
ary 2016, black people made up 49 percent of the total offender popu-
lation under custody. Latinos are also overrepresented in the correc-
tional population. In 2015, they accounted for 18.8 percent of the state
population and, in 2016, just under a quarter of the offender population
under custody. While the state of New York has effectively reduced the
total prison population through the adoption of alternative to incarcer-
ation programs and other forms of diversion, the racially disparate
correctional population remains an indefatigable aspect of the justice
system. The role of New York State Permanent Commission on Sentencing is
to evaluate sentencing laws and practices and recommend reforms that
will improve the quality and effectiveness of statewide sentencing poli-
cy; however, this entity does not evaluate the role of sentencing stat-
utes on racial and ethnic minorities.
In New York State, black children are overrepresented at each stage of
the child welfare process. Additionally, Black, Hispanic and Native
EXPLANATION--Matter in ITALICS (underscored) is new; matter in brackets
[ ] is old law to be omitted.
LBD05271-01-5
S. 3992 2
American children have higher rates of involvement in each stage of the
child welfare system than white children.
A plausible cause of the continued racial disparities is the enactment
of criminal justice, public benefits, and social welfare legislation
without review of the potential impacts on minority populations. Race-
neutral legislation can have adverse disparate effects on minority
groups in practice. New York State can remedy this through requiring
racial ethnic impact statements for all legislation that will potential-
ly increase the correctional population, create a new offense, change
the penalty for an existing offense, change the existing sentencing,
parole or probation procedures, increase the child welfare population,
and change social service laws as they relate to access to public
assistance.
§ 3. The legislative law is amended by adding three new sections 52-a,
52-b and 52-c to read as follows:
§ 52-A. RACIAL AND ETHNIC IMPACT STATEMENTS ON QUALIFYING BILLS. 1.
AS USED IN THIS SECTION:
(A) THE TERM "AFFECTED POPULATION" SHALL MEAN THE CORRECTIONAL POPU-
LATION, THE PUBLIC ASSISTANCE POPULATION, OR THE CHILD WELFARE POPU-
LATION.
(B) THE TERM "CORRECTIONAL POPULATION" SHALL MEAN THE POPULATION OF
PERSONS INCARCERATED IN, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PRISON, JAIL, OR FACILITIES
OPERATED BY THE OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES, AND PERSONS
SUPERVISED IN THE COMMUNITY INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PERSONS ON
PROBATION, PAROLE, POST-RELEASE SUPERVISION, OR PERSONS SUPERVISED BY
THE OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES.
(C) THE TERM "PUBLIC ASSISTANCE POPULATION" SHALL MEAN ALL PERSONS WHO
RECEIVE PUBLIC ASSISTANCE OR WELFARE INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
FAMILY ASSISTANCE, SAFETY NET ASSISTANCE, VETERAN ASSISTANCE, MEDICAL
ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY PERSONS, INSTITUTIONAL CARE FOR ADULTS AND CHILD-
CARE.
(D) THE TERM "CHILD" SHALL MEAN A PERSON ACTUALLY OR APPARENTLY UNDER
THE AGE OF EIGHTEEN YEARS OLD.
(E) THE TERM "CHILD WELFARE POPULATION" SHALL MEAN CHILDREN PLACED IN
OUT-OF-HOME CARE, FOSTER CARE, OR KINSHIP CARE.
(F) THE TERM "IMPACT STATEMENT" SHALL MEAN A RACIAL AND ETHNIC IMPACT
STATEMENT.
(G) THE TERM "MINORITIES" SHALL MEAN PERSONS WHO ARE MEMBERS OF ONE OF
THE FOLLOWING GROUPS:
(I) BLACK PERSONS HAVING ORIGINS IN ANY OF THE BLACK AFRICAN RACIAL
GROUPS;
(II) HISPANIC PERSONS OF MEXICAN, PUERTO RICAN, DOMINICAN, CUBAN,
CENTRAL OR SOUTH AMERICAN OF EITHER INDIAN OR HISPANIC ORIGIN, REGARD-
LESS OF RACE;
(III) NATIVE AMERICAN OR ALASKAN NATIVE PERSONS HAVING ORIGINS IN ANY
OF THE ORIGINAL PEOPLES OF NORTH AMERICA; AND
(IV) ASIAN AND PACIFIC ISLANDER PERSONS HAVING ORIGINS IN ANY OF THE
FAR EAST COUNTRIES, SOUTH EAST ASIA, THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT OR THE
PACIFIC ISLANDS.
(H) THE TERM "QUALIFYING BILL" SHALL MEAN ANY BILL OR AMENDMENT TO A
BILL FILED IN OR AFTER THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THIS SECTION WHICH MAY
AFFECT THE RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF AN AFFECTED POPULATION.
2. BEFORE QUALIFYING BILLS MAY BE CONSIDERED BY A SENATE OR ASSEMBLY
COMMITTEE, THE CHAIR OF THE SENATE OR ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE SHALL CAUSE THE
BILL TO BE REFERRED TO THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES FOR
PREPARATION OF AN IMPACT STATEMENT:
S. 3992 3
(A) THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES, IN CONSULTATION WITH
THE DIVISION OF JUVENILE JUSTICE AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR YOUTH, SHALL
PREPARE, FOR EACH QUALIFYING BILL RELATING TO CRIMINAL OR JUVENILE LAW,
AN IMPACT STATEMENT CLEARLY DETAILING THE ESTIMATED EFFECT SUCH BILL
WILL HAVE ON THE RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE CORRECTIONAL POPU-
LATION;
(B) THE BUDGET, FINANCE AND DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS DIVISION,
WITHIN THE OFFICE OF TEMPORARY AND DISABILITY INSURANCE, SHALL PREPARE,
FOR EACH QUALIFYING BILL RELATING TO PUBLIC ASSISTANCE OR WELFARE, AN
IMPACT STATEMENT CLEARLY DETAILING THE ESTIMATED EFFECT SUCH BILL WILL
HAVE ON THE RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF THE PUBLIC ASSISTANCE POPU-
LATION; AND/OR
(C) THE OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES, IN CONSULTATION WITH
THE BUREAU OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS AND COLLABORATION, SHALL PREPARE,
FOR EACH QUALIFYING BILL RELATING TO CHILD WELFARE, OUT-OF-HOME CARE,
FOSTER CARE, OR KINSHIP CARE, AN IMPACT STATEMENT CLEARLY DETAILING THE
ESTIMATED EFFECT SUCH BILL WILL HAVE ON THE RACIAL AND ETHNIC COMPOSI-
TION OF THE CHILD WELFARE POPULATION.
3. IN DETERMINING THE RACIAL AND ETHNIC IMPACTS OF A BILL, THE DIVI-
SION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES AND BUREAU OF DATA MANAGEMENT AND
ANALYSIS SHALL, AT A MINIMUM, ESTIMATE SUCH IMPACTS ON THE BASIS OF:
(A) WHETHER AND THE EXTENT TO WHICH THE BILL WOULD HAVE A DISPARATE
IMPACT ON MINORITIES WITHIN AN AFFECTED POPULATION AND AN EXPLANATION OF
THAT IMPACT;
(B) THE EXPECTED IMPACT ON EACH MINORITY;
(C) THE IMPACT OF THE QUALIFYING BILL UPON:
(I) CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES;
(II) PUBLIC ASSISTANCE RECIPIENTS; OR
(III) CHILDREN IN OUT-OF-HOME CARE, FOSTER CARE, OR KINSHIP CARE; AND
(D) OTHER MATTERS DEEMED RELEVANT TO THE QUALIFYING BILL.
4. THE IMPACT STATEMENT MUST INCLUDE THE SOURCE OR SOURCES OF DATA
RELIED UPON TO DETERMINE THE ESTIMATED IMPACTS. SUCH DATA SOURCES MUST
INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO:
(A) CRIMINAL JUSTICE STATISTICS FROM THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SERVICES FOR QUALIFYING BILLS RELATING TO CRIMINAL OR JUVENILE LAW;
(B) RESOURCES AND DATA FROM THE OFFICE OF TEMPORARY AND DISABILITY
ASSISTANCE FOR QUALIFYING BILLS RELATING TO PUBLIC ASSISTANCE OR
WELFARE; AND/OR
(C) DATA AND INFORMATION FROM THE FOLLOWING GROUPS: STATE AND LOCAL
AGENCIES, INCLUDING THE OFFICE OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES, THE
OFFICE OF COURT ADMINISTRATION, THE OFFICE OF THE NEW YORK CITY CRIMINAL
JUSTICE COORDINATOR, THE NEW YORK CITY ADMINISTRATION FOR CHILDREN'S
SERVICES AND THE NEW YORK CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT.
5. ESTIMATED OR ACTUAL RACIAL AND ETHNIC IMPACTS DISCLOSED UNDER THIS
SECTION SHALL BE REPORTED AT STATISTICAL COMPARISONS IN THE FORM OF RATE
PER TEN THOUSAND OR ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND PEOPLE, NUMBER OF PEOPLE, SHARE
OF POPULATION, OR ANY OTHER APPROPRIATE, CONVENIENT OR ACCESSIBLE UNIT
OR UNITS OF MEASUREMENT.
6. THE IMPACT STATEMENT SHALL, AT A MINIMUM, REFLECT THE RACIAL AND
ETHNIC IMPACT ON AN AFFECTED POPULATION FOR NO LESS THAN THREE FISCAL
YEARS FOLLOWING ADOPTION OF SUCH BILL.
7. IF THE ESTIMATES CONTAINED IN AN IMPACT STATEMENT ARE INACCURATE,
SUCH INACCURACIES SHALL NOT AFFECT, IMPAIR, OR INVALIDATE SUCH BILL.
8. AN IMPACT STATEMENT REQUIRED TO BE PREPARED UNDER THIS SECTION
SHALL BE MADE AND SHALL REMAIN A PART OF THE BILL IT DESCRIBES, AND
SHALL BE AFFIXED TO THE BILL BEFORE IT IS LAID UPON THE MEMBERS' DESKS
S. 3992 4
FOR CONSIDERATION, IN COMMITTEE OR ON THE SENATE OR ASSEMBLY FLOOR, AND
THE GOVERNOR'S DESK FOR APPROVAL.
9. (A) IF A SENATE OR ASSEMBLY BILL IS CALLED UP FOR FINAL PASSAGE IN
THE SENATE OR ASSEMBLY AND AN IMPACT STATEMENT IS REQUIRED BY SUBDIVI-
SION TWO OF THIS SECTION AND HAS NOT BEEN PROVIDED BY THE DIVISION OF
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SERVICES OR THE BUREAU OF DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS,
THE PRESIDING OFFICER OF THE SENATE OR HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SHALL
CAUSE THE BILL TO BE REFERRED TO THE DIVISION OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SERVICES OR THE BUREAU OF DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS FOR THE PREPARA-
TION OF AN IMPACT STATEMENT, WHICH SHALL BE FILED WITH THE PRESIDING
OFFICER AND AFFIXED TO THE BILL AT LEAST FIVE DAYS PRIOR TO THE BILL
AGAIN BEING CALLED UP FOR FINAL PASSAGE.
(B) SUCH BILL SHALL NOT BE CALLED BACK UP FOR FINAL ACTION UNTIL A
RACIAL IMPACT STATEMENT HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE PRESIDING OFFICER.
§ 52-B. IMPACT STATEMENTS INDICATING DISPARATE ADVERSE IMPACTS ON
MINORITIES. 1. (A) IF AN IMPACT STATEMENT, AS DEFINED IN SECTION FIFTY-
TWO-A OF THIS ARTICLE, INDICATES A DISPARATE ADVERSE IMPACT ON MINORI-
TIES, AS DEFINED IN SECTION FIFTY-TWO-A OF THIS ARTICLE, THE SPONSOR OF
THE BILL SHALL CONSIDER WHETHER THE BILL MAY BE AMENDED TO ACHIEVE ITS
PURPOSE WITH A LESSENED IMPACT ON MINORITIES.
(B) IF A BILL IS AMENDED TO LESSEN ITS ADVERSE IMPACT ON MINORITIES,
THE SPONSOR OF THE BILL SHALL IDENTIFY IN WRITING, IN THE BILL AND AS AN
APPENDIX TO THE IMPACT STATEMENT, THE METHODOLOGY USED TO LESSEN THE
IMPACT ON MINORITIES IN THE AMENDED PROPOSAL.
2. IF THE SPONSOR OF THE BILL ELECTS NOT TO AMEND THE BILL OR IF THE
IMPACT STATEMENT FOR AN AMENDED BILL CONTINUES TO INDICATE A DISPARATE
ADVERSE IMPACT ON MINORITIES, THE SPONSOR OF THE BILL SHALL:
(A) WITHDRAW THE BILL; OR
(B) IDENTIFY IN WRITING, IN THE BILL AND IN AN APPENDIX TO THE IMPACT
STATEMENT, THE SPONSOR'S REASONING FOR PROCEEDING WITH THE BILL DESPITE
THE DISPARATE IMPACT.
§ 52-C. NOTICE OF PROPOSED RACIAL AND ETHNIC IMPACT STATEMENT. 1.
IMPACT STATEMENTS, AS DEFINED IN SECTION FIFTY-TWO-A OF THIS ARTICLE,
SHALL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC IN THE SAME MANNER THAT THE TEXT
OF BILLS ARE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC.
2. PRIOR TO AFFIXING AN IMPACT STATEMENT TO A BILL, THE PROPOSED
IMPACT STATEMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED AND THE PUBLIC SHALL BE AFFORDED AN
OPPORTUNITY TO SUBMIT COMMENTS ON IT.
3. THE NOTICE OF A PROPOSED IMPACT STATEMENT MUST BE PUBLISHED AT
LEAST THIRTY DAYS PRIOR TO THE FIRST COMMITTEE VOTE ON THE BILL.
4. IF AN IMPACT STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION EIGHT OF SECTION
FIFTY-TWO-A OF THIS ARTICLE IS NOT PROVIDED UNTIL A BILL IS FIRST CALLED
UP FOR FINAL PASSAGE THE NOTICE OF A PROPOSED IMPACT STATEMENT MUST BE
PUBLISHED AT LEAST FIVE DAYS PRIOR TO THE BILL BEING CALLED AGAIN FOR
FINAL PASSAGE IN THE SENATE OR ASSEMBLY.
§ 4. This act shall take effect immediately.
