Bill targets recreational misuse of nitrous oxide while preserving legitimate medical, dental, and industrial uses

Bill named “Nima’s Law” after young adult who lost his life after nitrous oxide product exposure

State Senator Christopher J. Ryan (SD-50) today announced the passage of his legislation S.9567B to prohibit the retail sale of nitrous oxide in New York State, addressing growing concerns over the dangerous misuse of the substance and its increasing popularity as a recreational inhalant.

The legislation prohibits the retail sale of nitrous oxide gas to the public and establishes civil penalties for businesses that violate the law. The bill preserves access to nitrous oxide for legitimate medical, dental, industrial, and commercial applications, as well as products that require nitrous oxide as a propellant.

According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, inhaling nitrous oxide can result in a range of symptoms and serious health problems; including, abnormal blood counts; asphyxiation; blood clots; frostbite; headache; impaired bowel and bladder function; lightheadedness; limb weakness; loss of consciousness; numbness; palpitations; paralysis; psychiatric disturbances including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia, and depression; tingling; trouble walking; vitamin B12 deficiency; and, in some cases, death. For some individuals who regularly inhale nitrous oxide, this habit can lead to prolonged neurological effects, including spinal cord or brain damage, even after stopping use. According to a study conducted by researchers at the University of Mississippi, deaths from nitrous oxide use have increased more than 500% between 2010 and 2023.

“Across New York, we're seeing retailers market nitrous oxide products with colorful packaging and flavors designed to appeal to young people, despite the serious risks associated with misuse,” said Senator Ryan. “The current law has not done enough to prevent recreational use, and the consequences can be devastating. This legislation closes loopholes in existing law, restricts retail access to nitrous oxide, and focuses accountability on sellers rather than individuals struggling with substance use disorders. By pairing stronger restrictions with public education, we're taking meaningful action to protect New Yorkers from a growing public health threat.”

Under the bill, businesses that violate the prohibition may face civil penalties of up to $2,500 for a first offense and up to $5,000 for subsequent violations. Enforcement authority will be shared by state and local officials, including municipal consumer affairs offices and local government attorneys.

This bill was named “Nima’s Law” in honor of Nima Pazooki of Jericho, Nassau County who tragically lost his life after prolonged exposure to nitrous oxide products. Nima was in recovery and attending regular meetings, however started to display unexplained symptoms. Even after visits to doctors, the medical community couldn’t determine what the cause was. It was only after Nima’s passing, that his parents discovered evidence of his long term nitrous oxide use. 

Importantly, in addition to restricting retail sales, the legislation directs the New York State Department of Health to include information about the dangers of nitrous oxide misuse in its Health Care and Wellness Education and Outreach Program. Educational materials will be developed in consultation with the Office of Addiction Services and Supports and will provide information on the severe health risks associated with misuse, including neurological damage, psychiatric symptoms, paralysis, and death.

This bill now heads to the Assembly for consideration.